Spray environment simulation detection apparatus, system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to spray device detection technical field, disclose a spray environment simulation detection equipment, system and method, wherein the spray environment simulation detection equipment, it mainly includes: sealed simulation cabin, double fluid injection device, optical window and detection device;Sealed simulation cabin has import end and export end, export end is equipped with back pressure valve, double fluid injection device has the injection end, first interface end and second interface end that are connected, injection end passes through import end and extends into sealed simulation cabin, first interface end is connected urea supply interface, second interface end is connected gas supply interface;Optical window is located in the side wall of sealed simulation cabin and corresponds with the spray area of injection end;Detection device is located outside sealed simulation cabin, and the detection light path of detection device passes through optical window and covers spray area.The spray environment simulation detection equipment of the present application can simulate and detect the atomization performance data of double fluid injection device under different back pressure environment, simple structure, lower use cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spray device testing technology, specifically to spray environment simulation testing equipment, systems, and methods. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most ship denitrification systems using urea as a reducing agent employ dual-fluid injection devices. The atomization performance of dual-fluid injection devices is typically evaluated using a laser particle size analyzer in an atmospheric pressure environment, assessing parameters such as atomization effect, flow characteristics, spray distribution, stability, and applicability.

[0003] Due to environmental factors such as high back pressure (e.g., 3.5 bar) in ship exhaust systems, high requirements are placed on the structural design and sealing performance of the testing system. To test the performance parameters of dual-fluid jet devices under back pressure conditions, customized integrated testing equipment such as optical diagnostic test benches and spray visualization wind tunnels are usually used. However, these devices are complex in structure and expensive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a spray environment simulation testing device, system, and method to solve the problems of existing devices for testing the performance parameters of nozzles under back pressure environments, which have complex structures and high operating costs.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a spray environment simulation and detection device, comprising: The sealed simulation chamber has an inlet end and an outlet end, and a back pressure valve is provided at the outlet end. The back pressure valve is used to adjust the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber to simulate the back pressure condition of a ship engine. The sealed simulation chamber is also equipped with a pressure gauge to detect the internal pressure. A dual-fluid injection device has a connected injection end, a first interface end, and a second interface end. The injection end extends into the sealed simulation chamber through the inlet end. The first interface end is adapted to connect to a urea supply interface, and the second interface end is adapted to connect to a gas supply interface. The injection end is used to form a spray of urea solution mixed with compressed air in the sealed simulation chamber. An optical window is provided on the side wall of the sealed simulation chamber and corresponds to the spray area of ​​the jet end; A detection device is located outside the sealed simulation chamber. The detection optical path of the detection device passes through the optical window and covers the spray area. It is used to detect the atomization performance data of the spray emitted by the dual-fluid jet device under different preset pressures in the sealed simulation chamber.

[0006] Beneficial Effects: In use, the spray environment simulation testing device of this invention connects the first interface of the dual-fluid spraying device to a urea supply interface, which provides urea solution. The second interface is connected to a gas supply interface, which provides compressed gas. The spraying end mixes the urea solution and compressed gas to generate a spray within a sealed simulation chamber. The testing device detects the atomization performance data of the dual-fluid spraying device. Because the spraying end continuously inputs a constant amount of gas-liquid mixed spray into the sealed simulation chamber, the air pressure inside the chamber gradually increases. By adjusting the opening of the back pressure valve, the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber can be maintained under different pressure conditions, thereby enabling the testing of the atomization performance of the dual-fluid spraying device under different pressure conditions.

[0007] Furthermore, the dual-fluid injection device, employing a mixture of urea solution and compressed air, effectively simulates the back pressure environment of a ship's engine exhaust system under various operating conditions. This ensures that the atomization performance of the dual-fluid injection device matches the actual application scenario, meeting the practical needs of accurate atomization performance testing in the field of ship denitrification under high flow and high back pressure conditions. The overall structure is simple and compact, with low operating costs, facilitating widespread adoption. Its small size and light weight also make it easy to move and transport, and convenient to use. Additionally, placing the testing device outside the sealed simulation chamber avoids corrosion and contamination of the device by the urea solution, thus extending its service life.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the sealed simulation chamber is equipped with a liquid level sensor and a relief valve. The relief valve is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor. The liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level in the sealed simulation chamber. The relief valve opens when the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level has reached a preset threshold. The maximum flow capacity of the relief valve is greater than the gas-liquid filling capacity of the dual-fluid injection device.

[0009] Beneficial effects: During use, the spray nozzle continuously injects a gas-liquid mixture into the sealed simulation chamber. The liquid accumulates at the bottom of the chamber, forming a pooled liquid that continuously rises in level. By installing a level sensor and a drain valve within the sealed simulation chamber, automatic monitoring and discharge control of the accumulated liquid are achieved. During long-term or high-flow-rate spray tests, the liquid level at the bottom of the chamber can be automatically maintained within a suitable range, preventing excessively high levels from interfering with spray pattern observation or affecting the stability of the spray back pressure.

[0010] By limiting the maximum flow capacity of the relief valve to be greater than the gas-liquid charge of the dual-fluid injection device, it is ensured that the discharge capacity of the relief valve is sufficient to offset the continuous input of the dual-fluid injection device under extreme operating conditions. This effectively prevents the liquid from accumulating and becoming uncontrollable in the sealed simulation chamber, thus ensuring the safety of the spray environment simulation and testing equipment.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the maximum flow capacity of the outlet end is greater than the gas-liquid charge of the dual-fluid injection device.

[0012] Beneficial effects: By limiting the maximum flow capacity at the outlet to be greater than the gas-liquid charge of the dual-fluid jet device, it ensures that the discharge capacity at the outlet is sufficient to offset the continuous input of the dual-fluid jet device under extreme operating conditions, avoiding abnormal pressure rise in the sealed simulation chamber, and further ensuring the safety of the spray environment simulation and testing equipment.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, a pressure relief valve is provided on the top of the sealed simulation chamber. The pressure relief valve is electrically connected to the pressure gauge and opens when the pressure gauge detects that the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber has reached a preset safety value.

[0014] Beneficial effect: The pressure relief valve is used for pressure relief protection to prevent safety accidents caused by abnormal pressure rise in the sealed simulation chamber.

[0015] In one alternative embodiment, the detection device includes a laser particle size analyzer aligned with the optical window.

[0016] Beneficial effects: By setting up a laser particle size analyzer in conjunction with an optical window, rapid and visual evaluation of spray morphology and quantitative measurement of atomization parameters can be achieved under high back pressure conditions. Without disrupting the pressure field within the sealed simulation chamber, the influence of back pressure on key parameters such as droplet size and spray cone angle can be obtained in real time and accurately.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, the sealed simulation chamber is further provided with a heating component and a temperature detector, the heating component being used to regulate the temperature inside the sealed simulation chamber, and the temperature detector being used to detect the temperature inside the sealed simulation chamber.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By setting up heating components and temperature detectors, the temperature inside the sealed simulation chamber can be controlled. Based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector, the atomization performance data of the dual-fluid jet device under preset temperature and pressure conditions can be obtained. This allows for a realistic simulation of the environment when the dual-fluid jet device is applied to the exhaust system of a ship engine, further improving the accuracy of the test.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention also provides a spray environment simulation detection system, comprising: the spray environment simulation detection device described above.

[0020] Beneficial effects: Since the spray environment simulation detection system includes spray environment simulation detection equipment, it has the same effect as the spray environment simulation detection equipment, so it will not be repeated here.

[0021] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a spray environment simulation detection method, which uses the above-mentioned spray environment simulation detection equipment, including: In response to the start command, the dual-fluid injection device is controlled to enter the working mode and spray a mixture of urea solution and compressed air into the sealed simulation chamber. During the operation of the working mode, the opening of the back pressure valve is adjusted to regulate the pressure value inside the sealed simulation chamber, and the atomization performance data of the dual-fluid injection device under the corresponding pressure value is obtained through the detection device.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The spray environment simulation detection method of the present invention, upon startup, uses a dual-fluid injection device to mix urea solution and compressed gas to generate a constant input spray in a sealed simulation chamber. By adjusting the opening of the back pressure valve, the pressure in the sealed simulation chamber can be maintained under different pressure conditions, thereby enabling the detection of the atomization performance of the dual-fluid injection device under different pressure conditions. The dual-fluid injection device uses a mixture of urea solution and compressed air, which can fully simulate the back pressure environment of a ship engine exhaust system under different operating conditions, making the atomization performance of the dual-fluid injection device match the actual application scenario. This meets the actual needs of the ship denitrification field for accurate testing of the atomization performance of the dual-fluid injection device under high flow and high back pressure conditions. Moreover, the structure is simple and compact, the operating cost is low, and it is easy to promote.

[0023] In one optional implementation, adjusting the pressure value within the sealed simulation chamber includes: Adjust the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber to decrease from a first preset value to a second preset value; Alternatively, the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber can be adjusted from a second preset value to a first preset value, wherein the first preset value is obtained based on the ship engine idling condition, and the second preset value is obtained based on the ship engine full load condition.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By separately detecting the atomization performance data of the dual-fluid injection device under the first and second preset values, the atomization performance data of a ship engine under idling and full-load conditions can be simulated. Since the back pressure environment of a ship engine is constantly changing during operation, adjusting the pressure in the sealed simulation chamber from the first preset value to the second preset value, or from the second preset value to the first preset value, can cover the back pressure environment of the ship engine from idling to full load, and reproduce the load increase and decrease process of the ship engine during operation.

[0025] In one optional implementation, adjusting the pressure value inside the sealed simulation chamber further includes: The pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber is adjusted to a third preset value, which is located between the first preset value and the second preset value.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The third preset value corresponds to the common cruising conditions of ship engines. By adjusting the pressure in the sealed simulation chamber to the third preset value, the back pressure environment of the main operating environment of ship engines can be simulated. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a spray environment simulation and testing device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a spray environment simulation detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Sealed simulation chamber; 101. Inlet end; 102. Outlet end; 2. Back pressure valve; 3. Pressure gauge; 4. Dual fluid jet device; 401. Jet end; 402. First interface end; 403. Second interface end; 5. Optical window; 6. Detection device; 7. Liquid level sensor; 8. Relief valve; 9. Pressure relief valve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The atomization mechanism of the two-fluid jet device depends on the pressure difference and relative velocity between the gas and liquid phases. When the spray is injected into an environment with static pressure, its atomization performance will change significantly compared with the normal pressure environment.

[0032] Existing testing equipment is mostly limited to application research under conditions of small jet flow and low environmental back pressure, which makes it difficult to meet the actual needs of ship denitrification field for accurate testing of the atomization performance of dual-fluid jet devices under conditions of high flow and high back pressure. In addition, the equipment is complex in structure and expensive.

[0033] The following is combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, such as Figure 1 As shown, a spray environment simulation and testing device is provided, including: a sealed simulation chamber 1, a dual-fluid jetting device 4, an optical window 5, and a testing device 6.

[0035] The sealed simulation chamber 1 has an inlet end 101 and an outlet end 102. A back pressure valve 2 is provided at the outlet end 102. The back pressure valve 2 is used to regulate the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 to simulate the back pressure conditions of a ship's engine. The sealed simulation chamber 1 is also equipped with a pressure gauge 3 to detect its internal pressure. The pressure gauge 3 can be a conventional structure such as a mechanical pressure gauge or a digital pressure transmitter to obtain pressure values ​​in real time.

[0036] The dual-fluid injection device 4 has a connected injection end 401, a first interface end 402, and a second interface end 403. The injection end 401 extends into the sealed simulation chamber 1 through the inlet end 101. The first interface end 402 is adapted to connect to a urea supply interface, and the second interface end 403 is adapted to connect to a gas supply interface. The injection end 401 is used to form a spray of urea solution mixed with compressed air within the sealed simulation chamber 1. A sealing ring, such as a silicone sealing ring, is provided at the connection between the injection end 401 and the inlet end 101 to ensure the airtightness of the sealed simulation chamber 1.

[0037] The optical window 5 is located on the side wall of the sealed simulation chamber 1 and corresponds to the spray area of ​​the jet end 401. The spray area refers to the area where the spray formed by the jet end 401 is located.

[0038] The detection device 6 is located outside the sealed simulation chamber 1. The detection optical path of the detection device 6 passes through the optical window 5 and covers the spray area. It is used to detect the atomization performance data of the spray ejected by the dual-fluid jet device 4 under different preset pressures in the sealed simulation chamber 1.

[0039] Atomization performance data includes D10, D50, D90, and the particle size distribution span. The particle size distribution span (Span = (D90 - D10) / D50) characterizes the uniformity of the spray droplet size distribution. A smaller Span value indicates a more concentrated droplet size distribution, better atomization uniformity, and more stable mixing of the urea solution and exhaust gas. Conversely, a larger Span value indicates greater particle size dispersion, poor atomization uniformity, and a higher likelihood of localized coarse droplet accumulation and wall crystallization. D10 refers to the droplet size corresponding to a cumulative distribution percentage of 10% in the volumetric cumulative particle size distribution curve. It characterizes the size level of fine droplets in the spray field and is used to evaluate the evaporation rate and mixing diffusion capability of the spray in a high back pressure exhaust environment. D50 refers to the droplet diameter at which the cumulative distribution percentage reaches 50% in the volumetric cumulative particle size distribution curve, also known as the volumetric median diameter. This parameter is a core indicator characterizing the overall atomization fineness of the spray, directly determining the contact area, mixing efficiency, and denitrification reaction rate between urea solution droplets and marine engine exhaust. It is a core control parameter for optimizing the performance of the dual-fluid injection device. D90 refers to the droplet diameter at which the cumulative distribution percentage reaches 90% in the volumetric cumulative particle size distribution curve. This parameter accurately reflects the upper limit of coarse-diameter droplets in the spray field and is used to assess the risk of spray droplet adhesion to the exhaust pipe wall and the risk of urea crystallization. It is a key control indicator for the long-term stable operation of the marine denitrification system.

[0040] Therefore, in use, the spray environment simulation and testing equipment provided in this embodiment of the invention connects the first interface 402 of the dual-fluid spray device 4 to the urea supply interface, which provides urea solution, and the second interface 403 to the gas supply interface, which provides compressed gas. The spray end 401 mixes the urea solution and compressed gas to generate a spray in the sealed simulation chamber 1. The testing device 6 detects the atomization performance data of the dual-fluid spray device 4. Because the spray end 401 continuously inputs a constant amount of gas-liquid mixed spray into the sealed simulation chamber 1, the air pressure in the sealed simulation chamber 1 gradually increases. By adjusting the opening of the back pressure valve 2, the pressure in the sealed simulation chamber 1 can be maintained under different pressure conditions, thereby realizing the detection of the atomization performance of the dual-fluid spray device 4 under different pressure conditions.

[0041] Moreover, the dual-fluid injection device 4 uses a mixture of urea solution and compressed air, which can fully simulate the back pressure environment of the ship engine exhaust system under different operating conditions. This makes the atomization performance of the dual-fluid injection device 4 match the actual application scenario, meeting the actual needs of the ship denitrification field for accurate testing of the atomization performance of the dual-fluid injection device 4 under high flow and high back pressure conditions. The overall structure is simple and compact, with low operating costs, which is conducive to promotion. It is small in size, light in weight, easy to move and transport, and convenient to use.

[0042] The sealed simulation chamber 1 can provide both static and dynamic back pressure environments, realistically replicating the pressure conditions of a ship's engine exhaust system. Compared to traditional methods of simulating temperature detection, this embodiment of the invention eliminates the need for power and cooling systems and significantly simplifies the structure, thereby reducing operating costs. The sealed simulation chamber 1 can be a cylindrical cavity structure, internally forming a sealed pressure testing chamber. The inlet end 101 and outlet end 102 of the sealed simulation chamber 1 are positioned opposite each other, ensuring that the spray flow direction is consistent with the airflow discharge direction, reducing the interference of airflow disturbances within the sealed simulation chamber 1 on the spray pattern.

[0043] The dual-fluid injection device 4 enables the supply and mixing of gas-liquid two-phase media, ensuring stable atomized spray output from the injection end 401 under high pressure. To simulate the actual operating conditions of a marine engine exhaust treatment device, the urea supply interface delivers a urea solution with a concentration of 32.5% to 40% at a pressure of approximately 3 to 6 bar. The gas supply interface delivers compressed air at a pressure of approximately 4 to 8 bar.

[0044] Urea solution is prone to crystallization and is corrosive. To avoid damaging the detection device, traditional simulation devices generally use water instead of urea for particle size analysis. However, the dynamic viscosity of water at 20°C is approximately 1.0 mPa·s, while the viscosity of the 32.5% to 40% urea solution actually used in ships is approximately 2.0 mPa·s to 4.0 mPa·s (varying with temperature and concentration). This viscosity difference leads to a significantly smaller atomized particle size obtained using water simulation, with an error of 50% to 80%. In this embodiment of the invention, urea solution is supplied into a sealed simulation chamber 1, and the detection device 6 is placed outside the sealed simulation chamber 1. This improves the accuracy of the simulation detection while preventing the urea solution from corroding and contaminating the detection device 6, thus extending its service life. The inner wall of the sealed simulation chamber 1 needs to be resistant to urea corrosion, for example, stainless steel.

[0045] In the process of denitrification of ship exhaust gas, urea solution is atomized by a dual-fluid injection device 4 and then pyrolyzed in the high-temperature exhaust gas to generate ammonia, which serves as a reducing agent for selective catalytic reduction reaction. Compressed air is mainly used as the atomizing medium to provide the pressure difference and relative velocity between the gas and liquid phases, promoting liquid breakup and atomization. Compressed air has the advantages of convenient source, stable pressure, and no pollution to the testing system, which can meet the air source requirements of dual-fluid nozzles in practical applications of ship systems.

[0046] By changing the valve core opening of the back pressure valve 2, the flow area at the outlet end 102 is adjusted, thereby changing the gas discharge resistance. Pressure changes within the sealed simulation chamber 1 do not require shutdown, making it convenient to use. When the opening of the back pressure valve 2 decreases, the discharge resistance increases, and gas accumulation within the sealed simulation chamber 1 leads to a pressure increase; conversely, increasing the opening causes a pressure decrease. The back pressure valve 2 is a regulating valve, which can be a manual regulating valve, a pneumatic regulating valve, or an electric regulating valve. For example, the back pressure valve 2 is a pneumatic diaphragm single-seat regulating valve equipped with an electric valve positioner; or, the back pressure valve 2 is a needle valve with an adjusting handle. The opening is adjusted manually by operating the adjusting handle, which also has a scale for recording the opening position corresponding to different pressures.

[0047] During the test, the dual-fluid injection device 4 continuously injects gas and liquid media into the sealed simulation chamber 1. By adjusting the discharge volume of the back pressure valve 2, the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 is kept stable at the preset pressure value or varies within a certain pressure range.

[0048] Multiple optical windows 5 can be selected, for example, two, symmetrically arranged on opposite side walls of the sealed simulation chamber 1. The optical windows 5 are embedded with urea-resistant optical glass, such as sapphire optical glass, and the optical glass is sealed with gaskets, such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) gaskets.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a liquid level sensor 7 and a relief valve 8 are installed on the inner bottom of the sealed simulation chamber 1. The relief valve 8 is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor 7. The liquid level sensor 7 is used to detect the liquid level in the sealed simulation chamber 1. The relief valve 8 opens when the liquid level sensor 7 detects that the liquid level has reached a preset threshold, and the maximum flow capacity of the relief valve 8 is greater than the gas-liquid filling volume of the dual-fluid injection device 4. The maximum flow capacity of the relief valve 8 is controlled by adjusting the maximum diameter of the relief valve 8. The gas-liquid filling volume of the dual-fluid injection device 4 refers to the sum of the input urea solution and compressed gas.

[0050] In addition, after the test, the drain valve 8 was opened to drain the accumulated liquid in the sealed simulation chamber 1.

[0051] Specifically, the bottom of the sealed simulation chamber 1 is equipped with a drain pipe, and a relief valve 8 is located on the drain pipe. By opening the relief valve 8, the liquid accumulated in the sealed simulation chamber 1 can be discharged from the drain pipe.

[0052] During operation, the spray environment simulation testing equipment continuously injects a gas-liquid mixture into the sealed simulation chamber 1 via the spray nozzle 401. The liquid accumulates at the bottom of the chamber, forming a pooled liquid that continuously rises in level. By installing a level sensor 7 and a discharge valve 8 within the sealed simulation chamber 1, automatic monitoring and discharge control of the accumulated liquid are achieved. During prolonged or high-flow-rate spray tests, the liquid level at the bottom of the chamber can be automatically maintained within a suitable range, preventing excessively high levels from interfering with spray pattern observation or affecting the stability of the spray back pressure.

[0053] By limiting the maximum flow capacity of the relief valve 8 to be greater than the gas-liquid filling volume of the dual-fluid injection device 4, it is ensured that the discharge capacity of the relief valve 8 is sufficient to offset the continuous input of the dual-fluid injection device 4 under extreme operating conditions, thereby effectively preventing the liquid from accumulating and running out of control in the sealed simulation chamber 1 and ensuring the safety of the spray environment simulation and testing equipment.

[0054] It should be noted that the level sensor 7 includes, but is not limited to, one of the following: hydrostatic level sensor, float-type level sensor, capacitive level sensor, or photoelectric level sensor. The relief valve 8 can be a pneumatic angle seat valve or an electric ball valve.

[0055] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the spray environment simulation detection device also includes a controller (not shown in the figure). The controller is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor 7 and the relief valve 8, respectively. The controller receives the detection signal from the liquid level sensor 7 and controls the relief valve 8 to open when the liquid level sensor 7 detects that the liquid level in the sealed simulation chamber 1 has reached a preset threshold. The preset threshold can be selected and set as needed. The controller can be an existing controller such as a microcontroller unit (MCU), a central processing unit, or an electronic control unit (ECU).

[0056] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the maximum flow capacity of the outlet 102 is greater than the gas-liquid filling amount of the dual-fluid injection device 4. The maximum flow capacity of the outlet 102 is adjusted by controlling the maximum diameter of the outlet 102.

[0057] By limiting the maximum flow capacity of the outlet 102 to be greater than the gas-liquid filling volume of the dual-fluid injection device 4, it is ensured that the discharge capacity of the outlet 102 is sufficient to offset the continuous input of the dual-fluid injection device 4 under extreme operating conditions, thereby avoiding abnormal pressure rise in the sealed simulation chamber 1 and further ensuring the safety of the spray environment simulation and testing equipment.

[0058] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a pressure relief valve 9 is installed on the top of the sealed simulation chamber 1. The pressure relief valve 9 is electrically connected to the pressure gauge 3. The pressure relief valve 9 opens when the pressure gauge 3 detects that the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 has reached a preset safety value. The pressure relief valve 9 is used for pressure relief protection to prevent abnormal pressure rise inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 from causing a safety accident.

[0059] Furthermore, the pressure gauge 3 and the pressure relief valve 9 are electrically connected to the controller. The controller receives the detection signal from the pressure gauge 3 and opens when the pressure gauge 3 detects that the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 has reached the preset safety value.

[0060] The pressure relief valve 9 can be a normally closed safety valve, remaining closed within the normal operating pressure range and automatically opening to relieve pressure only when the chamber pressure exceeds a preset safety value. Its preset safety value is higher than the maximum working pressure adjusted by the back pressure valve 2 during testing, ensuring that the pressure relief valve 9 does not intervene under normal testing conditions, serving only as a passive safety protection device in overpressure situations. For example, the maximum working pressure adjusted by the back pressure valve 2 is 3.5 bar, and the preset safety value is 4 bar.

[0061] In one embodiment, the adjustable preset pressure P within the sealed simulation chamber 1 satisfies 0.5 bar ≤ P ≤ 3.5 bar. This range accurately covers the back pressure environment range of the ship's engine exhaust system during actual operation.

[0062] For example, in the embodiments of the present invention, P can be any value among 0.5 bar, 1 bar, 1.5 bar, 2 bar, 2.5 bar, 3 bar, or a value between any two values. The preset pressure can also be a dynamic process of switching from one value to another.

[0063] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the detection device 6 includes a laser particle size analyzer, which is aligned with the optical window 5. The flange of the optical window 5 is equipped with an interface that matches the receiver of the laser particle size analyzer, allowing particle size measurement under pressure and also enabling direct visual observation of the atomization morphology. This also avoids the risk of urea solution corroding the laser particle size analyzer.

[0064] By setting up a laser particle size analyzer in conjunction with optical window 5, rapid and visual evaluation of spray morphology and quantitative measurement of atomization parameters were achieved under high back pressure conditions. Without disrupting the pressure field within the sealed simulation chamber 1, the influence of back pressure on key parameters such as droplet size and spray cone angle can be obtained in real time and accurately.

[0065] Specifically, the laser particle size analyzer is aligned with the center of the optical window 5 and its optical path is calibrated. The optical window 5 provides an optical measurement path for the laser particle size analyzer. The laser beam emitted by the laser particle size analyzer enters the sealed simulation chamber 1 through the optical window 5 and irradiates the spray field. The light signal, after being scattered by the droplets, returns to the receiver through the optical window 5. The receiver obtains atomization performance data based on the light signal, realizing non-contact measurement. The specific settings can be selected according to actual needs, and this embodiment of the invention does not impose too many restrictions on this.

[0066] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the detection device 6 also includes a camera (not shown in the figure), which faces the optical window 5 and is used to acquire the atomization cone angle, liquid film breakup morphology, penetration distance, and uniformity.

[0067] In one embodiment, the spray environment simulation testing equipment also includes a base, on which the sealed simulation chamber 1 is fixedly mounted. The base is used to securely support the sealed simulation chamber 1, enabling the spray environment simulation testing equipment to be skid-mounted and quickly deployed without complex on-site installation, further reducing operating costs.

[0068] In one embodiment, the sealed simulation chamber 1 is further provided with a heating component and a temperature detector. The heating component is used to regulate the temperature inside the sealed simulation chamber 1, and the temperature detector is used to detect the temperature inside the sealed simulation chamber 1.

[0069] By setting up heating components and temperature detectors, the temperature inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 can be controlled. Based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector, the atomization performance data of the dual-fluid jet device 4 under preset temperature and pressure conditions can be obtained, so as to realistically simulate the environment when the dual-fluid jet device 4 is applied to the exhaust system of a ship engine and further improve the accuracy of the test.

[0070] The following detailed description of the spray environment simulation and detection device of the present invention, in conjunction with specific embodiments, is intended to limit the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0071] The spray environment simulation and testing equipment includes: a sealed simulation chamber 1, a dual-fluid spray device 4, an optical window 5, a detection device 6, and a controller. The sealed simulation chamber 1 has an inlet end 101 and an outlet end 102 at opposite ends. A back pressure valve 2 is installed at the outlet end 102, and is electrically connected to the controller. The back pressure valve 2 is used to regulate the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1. The outlet end 102 is connected to the sealed simulation chamber 1 via an exhaust pipe. A pressure gauge 3 is installed inside the sealed simulation chamber 1. The pressure gauge 3 is electrically connected to the controller.

[0072] The dual-fluid injection device 4 has a connected injection end 401, a first interface end 402, and a second interface end 403. The injection end 401 extends into the sealed simulation chamber 1 through the inlet end 101. The first interface end 402 is adapted to connect to a urea supply interface, and the second interface end 403 is adapted to connect to a gas supply interface. The urea supply interface supplies a 40% urea solution at a set pressure of 5 bar and a temperature of 20°C. The gas supply interface supplies compressed air at a set pressure of 6 bar. The injection end 401 is used to form a spray of urea solution mixed with compressed air within the sealed simulation chamber 1. An optical window 5 is located on the side wall of the sealed simulation chamber 1 and corresponds to the spray area of ​​the injection end 401.

[0073] The detection device 6 is located outside the sealed simulation chamber 1. The detection optical path of the detection device 6 passes through the optical window 5 and covers the spray area. It is used to detect the atomization performance data of the spray ejected by the dual-fluid jet device 4 under different preset pressures in the sealed simulation chamber 1.

[0074] The bottom of the sealed simulation chamber 1 is equipped with a liquid level sensor 7 and a relief valve 8, both of which are electrically connected to the controller. The maximum flow capacity of the relief valve 8 is greater than the gas-liquid filling volume of the dual-fluid jet device 4. The maximum flow capacity of the outlet end 102 is also greater than the gas-liquid filling volume of the dual-fluid jet device 4. The top of the sealed simulation chamber 1 is equipped with a pressure relief valve 9, which is electrically connected to the controller.

[0075] The detection device 6 includes a laser particle size analyzer, which is aligned with the optical window 5.

[0076] The working principle of the spray environment simulation and testing equipment of this invention is as follows: The back pressure valve 2 is pre-adjusted to 50% opening. The first interface 402 of the dual-fluid injection device 4 is connected to the urea supply interface, which provides urea solution. The second interface 403 is connected to the gas supply interface, which provides compressed air. The injection end 401 mixes the urea solution and compressed air to generate a spray within the sealed simulation chamber 1, causing the air pressure within the chamber to gradually increase. The detection device 6 monitors the atomization performance data of the dual-fluid injection device 4 in real time.

[0077] Adjust the opening of back pressure valve 2 to 30% to maintain the pressure in the sealed simulation chamber 1 at 3.5 bar for about 5 seconds, simulating the atomization performance data of the ship engine under high load.

[0078] Subsequently, the opening of the back pressure valve 2 was gradually increased to 70%, maintaining the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 at 0.5 bar for approximately 5 seconds, simulating the atomization performance data of a ship engine under idling or low load conditions. Simultaneously, the atomization performance data was recorded as the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 decreased from 3.5 bar to 0.5 bar, thus enabling the detection of the atomization performance data of the dual-fluid injection device 4 under different preset pressures, fully simulating the high back pressure environment of the ship engine exhaust system under different operating conditions.

[0079] As the jetting end 401 continuously injects a gas-liquid mixture into the sealed simulation chamber 1, water droplets accumulate at the bottom of the sealed simulation chamber 1. The liquid level sensor 7 detects the liquid level in real time. When the liquid level is lower than the preset threshold, the controller controls the relief valve 8 to remain closed. When the liquid level is higher than the preset threshold, the controller controls the relief valve 8 to open and discharge the accumulated liquid.

[0080] When pressure gauge 3 detects that the air pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 has risen to 4 bar, it controls the pressure relief valve 9 to open for pressure relief protection.

[0081] After the test is completed, open the pressure relief valve 9 and the discharge valve 8, and use warm water at 40°C to 50°C to rinse the inside of the sealed simulation chamber 1 from the dual-fluid jet device 4 or the optical window 5. The rinsing liquid is discharged from the discharge valve 8 to prevent urea crystals from remaining.

[0082] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a spray environment simulation detection system is also provided, comprising: a spray environment simulation detection device.

[0083] Since the spray environment simulation detection system includes spray environment simulation detection equipment and has the same effect as the spray environment simulation detection equipment, it will not be elaborated again here.

[0084] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, another aspect is also provided: a spray environment simulation detection method, employing the aforementioned spray environment simulation detection equipment, including: S100, in response to the start command, controls the dual-fluid injection device 4 to enter the working mode and sprays a mixture of urea solution and compressed air into the sealed simulation chamber 1.

[0085] The start command can be triggered by the remote control, mobile terminal, voice interaction module, bedside touch panel, start button, etc., which are compatible with the smart bed, or it can be a preset timed start command.

[0086] S200. During operation in working mode, the opening of the back pressure valve 2 is adjusted to regulate the pressure value inside the sealed simulation chamber 1, and the atomization performance data of the dual-fluid jet device 4 under the corresponding pressure value is obtained through the detection device 6.

[0087] The spray environment simulation testing method provided in this embodiment of the invention, upon startup, the dual-fluid injection device 4 mixes urea solution and compressed gas to generate a constant input amount of spray in the sealed simulation chamber 1. By adjusting the opening of the back pressure valve 2, the pressure in the sealed simulation chamber 1 can be maintained under different pressure conditions, thereby realizing the detection of the atomization performance of the dual-fluid injection device 4 under different pressure conditions. The dual-fluid injection device 4 uses a mixture of urea solution and compressed air, which can fully simulate the back pressure environment of the ship engine exhaust system under different operating conditions, so that the atomization performance of the dual-fluid injection device 4 matches the actual application scenario, meeting the actual needs of the ship denitrification field for accurate testing of the atomization performance of the dual-fluid injection device 4 under high flow and high back pressure conditions. Moreover, the structure is simple and compact, the operating cost is low, and it is easy to promote.

[0088] In one embodiment, step 200, adjusting the pressure value inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 includes: S201. Adjust the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 to decrease from the first preset value to the second preset value.

[0089] Alternatively, S202, adjust the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 from the second preset value to the first preset value.

[0090] The first preset value is obtained under the idling condition of the ship's engine, and the second preset value is obtained under the full load condition of the ship's engine. For example, the first preset value is 3.5 bar, and the second preset value is 0.5 bar.

[0091] By detecting the atomization performance data of the dual-fluid injection device 4 under the first and second preset values ​​respectively, the atomization performance data of the ship engine under idling and full-load conditions can be simulated. Since the back pressure environment of the ship engine is constantly changing during use, adjusting the pressure in the sealed simulation chamber 1 from the first preset value to the second preset value, or from the second preset value to the first preset value, can cover the back pressure environment of the ship engine from idling to full load, and reproduce the process of load increase and load decrease during the use of the ship engine.

[0092] Furthermore, the process of adjusting the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 from the first preset value to the second preset value, or from the second preset value to the first preset value, can refer to the pressure changes in the historical records of the ship engine, so as to further improve the simulation process and the real operating conditions of the ship engine, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0093] In one embodiment, step 200, adjusting the pressure value inside the sealed simulation chamber 1, further includes: S203. Adjust the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber 1 to a third preset value, which is between the first and second preset values. For example, the third preset value is 2 bar.

[0094] The third preset value corresponds to the common cruising conditions of the ship engine. By adjusting the pressure in the sealed simulation chamber 1 to the third preset value, the back pressure environment under the main operating conditions of the ship engine can be simulated.

[0095] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spray environment simulation and testing device, characterized in that, include: The sealed simulation chamber (1) has an inlet end (101) and an outlet end (102) with opposite sides. A back pressure valve (2) is provided at the outlet end (102). The back pressure valve (2) is used to adjust the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber (1) to simulate the back pressure condition of a ship engine. The sealed simulation chamber (1) is also provided with a pressure gauge (3) to detect the internal pressure. The dual-fluid injection device (4) has a connected injection end (401), a first interface end (402) and a second interface end (403). The injection end (401) extends into the sealed simulation chamber (1) through the inlet end (101). The first interface end (402) is adapted to connect to the urea supply interface, and the second interface end (403) is adapted to connect to the gas supply interface. The injection end (401) is used to form a spray of urea solution mixed with compressed air in the sealed simulation chamber (1). An optical window (5) is provided on the side wall of the sealed simulation chamber (1) and corresponds to the spray area of ​​the spray end (401); The detection device (6) is located outside the sealed simulation chamber (1). The detection optical path of the detection device (6) passes through the optical window (5) and covers the spray area. It is used to detect the atomization performance data of the spray ejected by the dual-fluid jet device (4) under different preset pressures in the sealed simulation chamber (1).

2. The spray environment simulation and testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealed simulation chamber (1) is equipped with a liquid level sensor (7) and a relief valve (8). The relief valve (8) is electrically connected to the liquid level sensor (7). The liquid level sensor (7) is used to detect the liquid level in the sealed simulation chamber (1). The relief valve (8) opens when the liquid level sensor (7) detects that the liquid level has reached a preset threshold. The maximum flow capacity of the relief valve (8) is greater than the gas-liquid filling amount of the dual-fluid injection device (4).

3. The spray environment simulation and testing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The maximum flow capacity of the outlet end (102) is greater than the gas-liquid filling amount of the dual-fluid injection device (4).

4. The spray environment simulation and testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the sealed simulation chamber (1) is provided with a pressure relief valve (9), which is electrically connected to the pressure gauge (3). The pressure relief valve (9) opens when the pressure gauge (3) detects that the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber (1) has reached a preset safety value.

5. The spray environment simulation and testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection device (6) includes a laser particle size analyzer, which is aligned with the optical window (5).

6. The spray environment simulation and testing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealed simulation chamber (1) is also equipped with a heating component and a temperature detector. The heating component is used to adjust the temperature inside the sealed simulation chamber (1), and the temperature detector is used to detect the temperature inside the sealed simulation chamber (1).

7. A spray environment simulation and detection system, characterized in that, include: The spray environment simulation and testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A method for simulating and detecting a spray environment, characterized in that, The spray environment simulation and testing equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6 includes: In response to the start command, the dual-fluid jet device (4) is controlled to enter the working mode and spray a mixture of urea solution and compressed air into the sealed simulation chamber (1); During the operation of the working mode, the opening of the back pressure valve (2) is adjusted to adjust the pressure value inside the sealed simulation chamber (1), and the atomization performance data of the dual fluid injection device (4) under the corresponding pressure value is obtained through the detection device (6).

9. The spray environment simulation detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pressure values ​​inside the regulated sealed simulation chamber (1) include: Adjust the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber (1) from a first preset value to a second preset value; Alternatively, the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber (1) can be increased from a second preset value to a first preset value, wherein the first preset value is obtained based on the engine idling condition of the ship, and the second preset value is obtained based on the ship engine full load condition.

10. The spray environment simulation detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adjustment of the pressure value inside the sealed simulation chamber (1) also includes: Adjust the pressure inside the sealed simulation chamber (1) to a third preset value, which is located between the first preset value and the second preset value.

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