A device and method for measuring the setting time of concrete

Abstract

The application relates to the field of concrete performance detection, in particular to a device for measuring the setting time of concrete and a measuring method. The device for measuring the setting time of concrete comprises a vehicle frame, a telescopic part, a base and a controller, the vehicle frame is provided with walking wheels; the top of the telescopic part is connected with the vehicle frame; the base is connected at the bottom end of the telescopic part, a pressure sensor is arranged between the base and the bottom end of the telescopic part, a probe assembly is arranged on the base; the controller is used for controlling the operation of the walking wheels and the telescopic action of the telescopic part; the telescopic part can drive the base to move up and down, and in turn drive the probe assembly to move up and down. The device can complete a large number of detection tasks by the movable characteristics, so that the problem that the fixed-type penetration resistance instrument in the prior art cannot meet the demand of a large number of detection tasks is solved, the detection efficiency is effectively improved, and the equipment configuration cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete performance testing, and in particular to an apparatus and method for measuring the setting time of concrete. Background Technology

[0002] The determination of concrete setting time is one of the core items in the quality inspection of building engineering. Its results directly affect the arrangement of concrete construction procedures, the time of formwork removal, and the steam curing period of precast components. Generally, the setting time of concrete is determined by the penetration resistance method (also called penetration degree / penetration resistance method). The core of the method is to use a penetration needle of different area to press the needle into the mortar (mortar sieved from the concrete) to a depth of 25mm at a specified speed, record the required force (penetration resistance), plot the "penetration resistance-time" curve, and then determine the initial setting or final setting time according to the standard value.

[0003] In existing technologies, penetration resistance meters mounted on fixed frames are typically used to mechanically measure the setting time of concrete. However, these penetration resistance meters can only measure 1 to 3 sets of samples at a time. When faced with large-scale testing tasks, such as more than 20 sets per day, their measurement efficiency is severely insufficient and cannot meet actual testing needs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new measurement scheme. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing penetration resistance meters, which cannot meet the needs of large-scale testing tasks. Therefore, this invention provides a device and method for measuring the setting time of concrete.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for measuring the setting time of concrete, comprising:

[0006] The vehicle frame is equipped with wheels. A telescopic component, the top of which is connected to the vehicle frame; A base is connected to the bottom end of the telescopic component, a pressure sensor is provided between the base and the bottom end of the telescopic component, and a probe assembly is provided on the base; A controller, used to control the operation of the walking wheels and the extension and retraction of the telescopic components; The telescopic component can drive the base to move up and down, thereby driving the probe assembly to move up and down; This invention provides a device for measuring the setting time of concrete. The traveling wheels drive the frame. The frame is used to mount the telescopic component. The base is used to mount the probe assembly to the bottom of the telescopic component, allowing the telescopic component to move the base up and down, thereby moving the probe assembly up and down. The probe assembly is used to perform a penetration test on the test sample. The pressure sensor is used to measure the resistance encountered by the probe assembly during the penetration test.

[0007] This invention provides a device for measuring the setting time of concrete. The device is moved to the location of the test sample by means of wheels, and a penetration test is performed on the sample to measure the concrete setting time. Due to its mobility, this device requires only one unit to complete a large number of tests, thus solving the problem that fixed penetration resistance meters in the prior art cannot meet the needs of large-scale testing, effectively improving testing efficiency and reducing equipment configuration costs.

[0008] The probe assembly includes several penetration needles of different models to meet the penetration test requirements at different stages. The different models of penetration needles can be arranged in two ways: each needle can be arranged vertically, with a predetermined distance between adjacent needles to ensure that when one needle is being tested, the others will not come into contact with the test sample. Alternatively, all needles can be connected to the same rotating shaft, and the needle to be used can be adjusted to a vertical position by rotating the shaft, thereby performing the penetration test.

[0009] Preferably, the probe assembly is connected to the base via a rotating shaft. The probe assembly includes several different types of insertion needles, each of which is connected to the rotating shaft. By rotating the rotating shaft, each insertion needle can rotate to a vertically downward direction.

[0010] In this design, the rotating shaft drives the penetration needle to rotate, allowing for quick and convenient adjustment of the needle to a vertically downward penetration position. Several different types of penetration needles are available to meet the penetration test requirements at different stages or under different working conditions.

[0011] The base can be a block structure or an inverted U-shaped structure.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating shaft is located at the opening of the inverted U-shaped structure, and the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected to the two arms of the inverted U-shaped structure.

[0013] In this design, the two arms of the inverted U-shaped structure support and fix the two ends of the rotating shaft respectively, effectively dispersing the load borne by the rotating shaft and avoiding the shaking or displacement problems that are easily caused by single-point support, thereby significantly improving the installation stability and operational stability of the rotating shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the telescopic component is connected to the vehicle frame via a lateral movement mechanism, which can drive the telescopic component to move horizontally, thereby driving the probe assembly to move horizontally. The controller is also used to control the horizontal movement of the lateral movement mechanism.

[0015] In this scheme, when the vehicle frame is stationary, the lateral movement mechanism can still drive the probe assembly to adjust its position in the horizontal direction, so that the probe assembly can achieve precise horizontal positioning without moving the vehicle frame, thereby further improving the operational flexibility and positioning accuracy of the device during the testing process.

[0016] The traversing mechanism can be a lead screw slide or a synchronous belt mechanism. When the traversing mechanism is the synchronous belt mechanism, the top of the telescopic component is fixed on the slider of the synchronous belt mechanism, a tensioning pulley is mounted on the frame, and the synchronous belt mechanism is tensioned on the tensioning pulley.

[0017] Preferably, the lateral movement mechanism includes a guide rail frame, a lead screw, and a nut block. The guide rail frame is arranged axially in the horizontal direction, the lead screw is arranged axially in the guide rail frame, the lead screw and the nut block are threaded together, the nut block can move axially in the guide rail frame, and the top of the telescopic component is connected to the nut block. The rotation of the lead screw is converted into linear movement of the nut block along the axial direction of the guide rail frame through the threaded connection, thereby driving the telescopic component to move horizontally.

[0018] In this design, the guide rail provides guidance for the movement of the nut block and prevents the nut block from rotating with the lead screw. The lead screw and the nut block are connected by a thread, converting the rotational motion of the lead screw into the linear motion of the nut block, thus enabling the telescopic component to move smoothly and reliably in the horizontal direction.

[0019] The frame may be equipped with vertical bars, the top of which is connected to a horizontal bar. The horizontal bar extends outward to the outside of the frame, and the top of the telescopic component is connected to the horizontal bar. The frame may also be a portal frame structure, which includes two uprights and a crossbeam. The two uprights are respectively connected to the two ends of the crossbeam, and the top of the telescopic component is connected to the portal frame structure through the crossbeam.

[0020] Preferably, the frame has a portal frame structure, and the top of the telescopic component is connected to the crossbeam of the portal frame structure.

[0021] The wheels can be rollers or Mecanum wheels.

[0022] Preferably, the traveling wheels are Mecanum wheels. This design, using Mecanum wheels as the traveling wheels, enables the device to achieve omnidirectional movement—forward, backward, lateral, and rotation in place—allowing it to travel in any direction without prior steering. This design significantly improves the device's maneuverability and obstacle avoidance efficiency in complex path scenarios such as narrow passages and dense obstacles, better adapting to actual working environments with limited space or variable paths.

[0023] Preferably, the vehicle frame is equipped with a lidar. This solution utilizes the lidar to scan and detect obstacles in the device's movement path in real time, enabling timely feedback of environmental data, thereby preventing collisions during movement and ensuring that the device performs high-precision automatic driving according to a predetermined trajectory.

[0024] Preferably, the sample tubes also include a plurality of sample tubes, the outer wall of which is provided with a wastewater tank. The opening of the sample tube is connected to the wastewater tank by a drain pipe. A filter screen is provided at one end of the drain pipe near the opening of the sample tube. The drain pipe can draw water from the surface of the sample into the wastewater tank by a water pump.

[0025] Water seeps from the sample surface, and if not removed promptly, it can affect the accuracy of penetration measurements. This solution uses a drain pipe in conjunction with a water pump to continuously remove water seeping from the sample surface. The wastewater tank collects and temporarily stores the extracted wastewater, reducing pollution of the testing environment. The filter screen is located at the inlet of the drain pipe to remove cement particles and fine impurities that may be trapped in the seeping water, preventing the drain pipe from malfunctioning due to blockage and ensuring the continuity and stability of the pumping process.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for measuring the setting time of concrete, applied to an apparatus for measuring the setting time of concrete as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: S1: Place several test samples on the ground; S2: The device acquires the location information of each of the test samples and performs path planning based on the location information; S3: The device moves to the location of each test sample at predetermined intervals according to the planned path, performs penetration tests on the test samples, and records the test data.

[0027] This invention provides a method for measuring the setting time of concrete. By actively moving the device to the location of the test sample, a penetration test is performed on the sample, thereby measuring the concrete setting time of the corresponding specimen. This method requires only one device to complete a large number of testing tasks, thus solving the problem that fixed penetration resistance meters in the prior art cannot meet the needs of large-scale testing, effectively improving testing efficiency and reducing equipment configuration costs.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides a device for measuring the setting time of concrete. The device is moved to the location of the test sample by means of wheels, and a penetration test is performed on the sample to measure the concrete setting time. Due to its mobility, this device requires only one unit to complete a large number of testing tasks, thus solving the problem that fixed penetration resistance meters in the prior art cannot meet the needs of large-scale testing, effectively improving testing efficiency and reducing equipment configuration costs. 2. This invention provides a method for measuring the setting time of concrete. By actively moving the device to the position of the test sample, a penetration test is performed on the sample, thereby measuring the concrete setting time of the corresponding sample. This method requires only one device to complete a large number of testing tasks, thus solving the problem that fixed penetration resistance meters in the prior art cannot meet the needs of large-scale testing, effectively improving testing efficiency and reducing equipment configuration costs. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a front view of a device used to measure the setting time of concrete.

[0030] Figure 2 A front view of the probe assembly inserted into the cleaning hole.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a device used to measure the setting time of concrete.

[0032] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the probe assembly inserted into the cleaning hole.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the telescopic rod and the guide rail frame.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the telescopic rod and guide rail frame.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the sample tube.

[0036] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the sample tube.

[0037] Marked in the image: 1-Frame, 101-LiDAR, 102-Walking wheel, 103-Cleaning port 2-Telescopic components, 3-Pressure sensor, 4-Base, 401 - Distance sensor, 402 - Motor 5-Probe assembly, 501-Shaft 6-Sample tube, 601 - Filter screen, 602 - Drain pipe, 603 - Water pump, 604 - Wastewater tank 7-Guide rail bracket, 8-Lead screw, 9-Nut block. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0039] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer," etc., used in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention to indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.

[0041] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0042] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0043] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to connection methods commonly used in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0044] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a device for measuring the setting time of concrete includes a frame 1, a telescopic component 2, and a base 4.

[0045] The frame 1 is equipped with wheels 102.

[0046] The top of the telescopic component 2 is connected to the frame 1.

[0047] The base 4 is connected to the bottom end of the telescopic component 2. A pressure sensor 3 is provided between the base 4 and the bottom end of the telescopic component 2. A probe assembly 5 is provided on the base 4.

[0048] The controller is used to control the operation of the walking wheel 102 and the extension and retraction of the telescopic component 2.

[0049] The telescopic component 2 can drive the base 4 to move up and down, thereby driving the probe assembly 5 to move up and down.

[0050] Specifically, the controller controls the operation of the walking wheels 102 to move the entire device. The controller also controls the extension and retraction of the telescopic component 2 and collects pressure data from the pressure sensor 3. The telescopic component 2 is arranged vertically. The telescopic component 2 can be an electric or pneumatic actuator with a stroke of 300 mm and a thrust of 500 N. The pressure sensor 3 has a range of 0-500 N and an accuracy of ±0.1 N.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the probe assembly 5 can be connected to the base 4 via a rotating shaft 501. The probe assembly 5 includes several different types of insertion needles, each of which is connected to the rotating shaft 501. By rotating the rotating shaft 501, each of the insertion needles can be rotated to a vertically downward direction.

[0052] Specifically, the axis of the rotating shaft 501 is horizontally arranged. For example... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the probe assembly 5 includes three different types of penetration needles, all of which have a circular cross-section. Distinguished by cross-sectional area, the three types of penetration needles have cross-sectional areas of 100mm², 50mm², and 20mm², respectively. During testing, the needles are generally changed sequentially from largest to smallest: initially, a 100mm² cross-sectional needle is used; when the penetration resistance increases significantly, a 50mm² cross-sectional needle is used; and near the final solidification point, a 20mm² cross-sectional needle is used. The penetration depth is 25mm each time. The three types of penetration needles are arranged radially along the rotating shaft 501, and the angle between two adjacent needles can be 90° to 120°. The rotating shaft 501 can be driven by a motor 402, which is mounted on the base 4. The motor 402 can be a servo motor.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, the base 4 may be an inverted U-shaped structure, with the rotating shaft 501 located at the opening of the inverted U-shaped structure, and both ends of the rotating shaft 501 connected to the two arms of the inverted U-shaped structure respectively.

[0054] Specifically, the depth of the U-shaped groove on the inverted U-shaped structure needs to be adapted to the insertion needle of the probe assembly 5 to ensure that different types of insertion needles can pass smoothly through the U-shaped groove during the rotation of the probe assembly 5.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the top of the telescopic component 2 can be connected to the frame 1 via a lateral movement mechanism. The lateral movement mechanism can drive the telescopic component 2 to move horizontally, thereby driving the probe assembly 5 to move horizontally. The controller is also used to control the horizontal movement of the lateral movement mechanism.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the lateral movement mechanism may include a guide rail frame 7, a lead screw 8, and a nut block 9. The axial direction of the guide rail frame 7 is arranged horizontally, the lead screw 8 is arranged along the axial direction of the guide rail frame 7, the lead screw 8 and the nut block 9 are threaded together, the nut block 9 can move along the axial direction of the guide rail frame 7, and the top of the telescopic component 2 is connected to the nut block 9. The rotation of the lead screw 8 is converted into linear movement of the nut block 9 along the axial direction of the guide rail frame 7 through the threaded connection, thereby driving the telescopic component 2 to move horizontally.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the frame 1 may be a portal frame structure, and the top of the telescopic component 2 is connected to the crossbeam of the portal frame structure.

[0058] Specifically, the gate-shaped structure includes two columns and a crossbeam, with the two columns connected to both ends of the crossbeam. The axial direction of the lateral movement mechanism is arranged along the axial direction of the crossbeam. The telescopic component 2 is located between the two columns. Each column has four wheels 102 at its bottom. The columns are hollow, with a cleaning device inside one of the columns. A cleaning hole 103 is provided on the side of the column near the probe assembly 5, through which the insertion needle on the probe assembly 5 can be inserted into the cleaning device for cleaning. The cleaning device includes a brush, a spray head, and a water tank. The brush is located at the cleaning hole 103 and is rotatable for brushing the insertion needle; the spray head is used to rinse the insertion needle; and the water tank is used to supply water to the spray head.

[0059] In an alternative implementation, the walking wheel 102 may be a Mecanum wheel.

[0060] Specifically, the traveling wheel 102 may be equipped with an electromagnetic brake locking mechanism, which locks the rotation of the traveling wheel 102 after it is in position, preventing the frame 1 from moving.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, a lidar 101 may be provided on the vehicle frame 1.

[0062] Specifically, a visual recognition module can also be installed on the frame 1.

[0063] Both the lidar 101 and the visual recognition module are communicatively connected to the controller, used to scan obstacles on the movement path and report environmental data. The lidar 101 and the visual recognition module perform real-time scanning and detection of obstacles on the movement path, enabling the device to have autonomous obstacle avoidance capabilities, adapt to complex laboratory layouts, and move freely in any area of ​​the laboratory, with a positioning accuracy of ±5mm.

[0064] The controller can automatically construct a laboratory environment map based on the location information of each test sample, as well as the measurement of the surrounding environment by the lidar 101 and the visual recognition module, autonomously plan the measurement path, and accurately reach the test point of the sample with a positioning accuracy of ±5mm.

[0065] The controller can be an embedded integrated control unit with a response time of ≤100ms, supporting multi-task parallel processing and functions such as path planning, parameter setting, process control, and data processing. It supports parameter setting (loading rate, measurement interval, sample coordinates, etc.), data viewing, and fault alarm functions. The controller has a built-in penetration resistance calculation algorithm (P=F / A, where P is penetration resistance, F is penetration pressure, and A is the probe cross-sectional area), which can automatically select different penetration needles based on the resistance and determine the initial setting (penetration resistance 3.5MPa) and final setting (penetration resistance 28MPa) times.

[0066] Specifically, the lidar 101 can be mounted on the upright of the frame 1. A distance sensor 401 can also be installed at the bottom of the base 4. The distance sensor 401 is used to measure the distance between the tip of the penetration needle and the sample surface, thereby calculating the penetration depth. The distance sensor 401 has a measuring range of 150mm-300mm and an accuracy of ±0.05mm.

[0067] During the penetration test, the penetration depth of the penetration needle of probe assembly 5 is 0mm-50mm with an accuracy of ±0.05mm, and is measured and controlled by distance sensor 401. The loading rate of the penetration needle of probe assembly 5 is 0.2N / s-2.0N / s, with a pressure measurement accuracy of ±0.1N, and the pressure is measured by pressure sensor 3.

[0068] In optional embodiments, a plurality of sample cylinders 6 may also be included, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the outer wall of the sample tube 6 is provided with a wastewater tank 604. The opening of the sample tube 6 is connected to the wastewater tank 604 through a drain pipe 602. A filter screen 601 is provided at one end of the drain pipe 602 near the opening of the sample tube 6. The drain pipe 602 can draw water from the surface of the sample into the wastewater tank 604 through a water pump 603.

[0069] Specifically, the filter 601 has a funnel-shaped structure and is arranged on the inner edge of the sample cylinder 6. The water pump 603 may be equipped with a control module. The control module controls the water pump 603 to be turned on for a predetermined duration according to a set time interval, so as to automatically draw out the seepage water on the sample surface and avoid the seepage water from interfering with the penetration measurement. For example, the water pump 603 can be turned on once every 10 minutes, and each time it lasts for 1 minute.

[0070] The water pump 603 may be equipped with a liquid level sensor, which is located at a preset height on the inner wall of the sample cylinder 6. When the liquid level on the sample surface reaches the preset height, the control module starts the water pump 603 to remove the oozing water. When the liquid level is lower than the preset height, the control module stops the water pump 603.

[0071] In an optional implementation, a data transmission module is also included. The data transmission module may employ a wireless dual-mode communication unit, which is capable of uploading measurement data to the laboratory management system in real time. The laboratory management system is capable of automatically recording and storing test results and generating test reports.

[0072] In an optional implementation, the device further includes a rechargeable energy storage unit and a charging docking area. The rechargeable energy storage unit can operate continuously for more than 8 hours on a single charge. The charging docking area can be located against a wall in the laboratory. The device can automatically return to the charging docking area for recharging.

[0073] Example 2 A method for measuring the setting time of concrete, applied to the apparatus for measuring the setting time of concrete described in Example 1, includes the following steps: S1: Place several test samples on the ground.

[0074] Specifically, multiple sample placement points are pre-set on the laboratory floor. Prepared concrete mortar samples are loaded into sample cylinders 6, which are then placed at the pre-set points. A filter screen 601, a drain pipe 602, a water pump 603, and a wastewater tank 604 are installed on the sample cylinders 6 to remove surface water at set intervals. The sample number, corresponding coordinate information, and measurement parameters are input into the controller. These measurement parameters may include loading rate, measurement interval, and initial and final setting criteria.

[0075] S2: The device acquires the location information of each of the test samples and performs path planning based on the location information.

[0076] Specifically, the controller can automatically plan the optimal measurement path based on the scanning data of the surrounding environment by the lidar 101, combined with the laboratory map constructed by laser SLAM and the location information of the test sample, and avoid obstacles such as the experimental platform and other equipment.

[0077] SLAM is an abbreviation for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping.

[0078] The algorithm specifically employs Cartographer SLAM, fusing the point cloud data from LiDAR 101 and the odometer reading from the encoder of the walking wheel 102. The origin of the coordinate system is the laboratory entrance, the X-axis represents the lateral movement direction, the Y-axis represents the walking direction, and the Z-axis represents the lifting direction. Each test records the X and Y coordinates, with the next offset ≥1.5cm. The LiDAR 101 has a scanning frequency of 10Hz, the controller's update cycle is 100ms, and the encoder closed-loop accuracy of the walking wheel 102 is ±3mm.

[0079] S3: The device moves to the location of each test sample at predetermined intervals according to the planned path, performs penetration tests on the test samples, and records the test data.

[0080] Specifically, the device uses the walking wheels 102 to automatically travel to the position of each test sample according to the planned path, ensuring that the penetration needle is located directly above the test sample.

[0081] Step S3 may specifically include the following steps: S31: Distance sensor 401 measures the distance between the tip of the penetration needle and the sample surface, and the lateral movement mechanism adjusts the horizontal position of the penetration needle so that the penetration needle is directly above the sample. S32: The telescopic component 2 drives the penetration needle to descend and contact the sample surface. After the range is zeroed, it is loaded at the preset loading rate. When the distance sensor 401 detects that the penetration depth reaches 25mm, the controller controls the telescopic component 2 to stop descending, and the pressure sensor 3 records the penetration resistance.

[0082] S33: The controller adjusts the X-axis lateral position and Y-axis travel position for the next test based on the current XY coordinates of the test point to ensure that the distance between two adjacent test points is ≥1.5cm.

[0083] S34: After the penetration test is completed, the telescopic component 2 returns to its initial position, the probe assembly 5 rotates to align with the cleaning hole 103, and the lateral movement mechanism moves to insert the penetration needle into the cleaning device for automatic cleaning.

[0084] The specific steps for the penetration test are as follows: The telescopic component 2 controls the penetration needle to move downwards, pausing only when the needle just contacts the surface of the concrete sample, and the measurement range is zeroed. Then, loading is applied at a preset loading rate. As the penetration needle begins to descend, the distance sensor 401 provides real-time feedback on the penetration depth. When the penetration depth reaches 2.5 cm, the controller immediately controls the telescopic component 2 to stop descending, ensuring the penetration depth is accurately controlled at 2.5 cm and avoiding measurement errors in penetration resistance due to penetration depth deviation. The controller automatically calculates the penetration resistance to determine whether the sample has reached the initial or final setting state. If the initial or final setting state has not been reached, the device will return to the measurement at preset intervals in subsequent measurements until the initial or final setting time is determined and recorded, after which the sample is skipped.

[0085] After measuring one test sample, the device continues to move along the planned path to the position of the next test sample and performs the measurement operation according to the same penetration test procedure described above.

[0086] Measures to avoid repeated penetration tests on the same location of the sample: The coordinate system of the penetration needle is clearly defined. The forward and backward movement direction of this device is the Y-axis, the lifting and lowering direction of the penetration needle driven by the telescopic component 2 is the Z-axis, and the lateral movement direction of the lateral movement mechanism is the X-axis. After each test, the controller automatically records the XY coordinates of the test point of the current test sample. During the next test, the lateral position of the X-axis and the movement position of the device on the Y-axis can be flexibly adjusted based on the recorded coordinates to ensure that the distance between two adjacent test points on the same test sample is ≥1.5cm, and the distance of the test point from the edge of the sample is ≥2cm.

[0087] Each time a penetration test is performed, the telescopic component 2 returns to its initial position, the penetration needle rotates to face the cleaning device and aligns with the cleaning hole 103, and moves via the lateral movement mechanism to insert the penetration needle into the cleaning hole 103. The cleaning device then starts cleaning the penetration needle. After cleaning, the penetration needle is withdrawn from the cleaning hole 103, rotates back to a vertical orientation, and awaits the next measurement.

[0088] This invention also solves the technical defects of existing concrete setting time measuring equipment, such as large space occupation, weak batch processing capacity, high labor cost, poor flexibility, and insufficient positioning accuracy. It provides a mobile concrete setting time measuring instrument that is easy to move, occupies little space, has strong batch processing capacity, high degree of automation, and high measurement accuracy. It achieves the dual goals of optimizing laboratory space, improving testing efficiency, and reducing labor costs, while ensuring that the measurement data meets industry standards. It has good practicality and market promotion value.

[0089] The present invention also has the following advantages: Significantly improved space utilization: The device can be moved and docked, and when not in use, it occupies only 1 / 5 of the space of traditional equipment, saving core laboratory space.

[0090] Significantly improved testing efficiency: The synergistic effect of the above-mentioned XYZ triaxial positioning system, closed-loop penetration control, automatic water removal, and automatic cleaning of the penetration needle enables this device to achieve large-scale unmanned high-precision testing of concrete setting time, which is suitable for standardized testing procedures in concrete laboratories.

[0091] Measurement accuracy is fully guaranteed: automated operation eliminates human error, automatic water absorption eliminates water leakage interference, and the test accuracy meets the standards and has high stability.

[0092] Highly adaptable and flexible: No need to modify the laboratory layout, it can be adapted to any testing scenario and meet the needs of large-volume, multi-batch testing.

[0093] Intelligent data management: Real-time data upload and automatic report generation enable full-process traceability of testing data.

[0094] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the setting time of concrete, characterized in that, include: The frame (1) is provided with wheels (102); Telescopic component (2), the top of which is connected to the frame (1); The base (4) is connected to the bottom end of the telescopic component (2), and a pressure sensor (3) is provided between the base (4) and the bottom end of the telescopic component (2). A probe assembly (5) is provided on the base (4). A controller is used to control the operation of the walking wheel (102) and the extension and retraction of the telescopic component (2); The telescopic component (2) can drive the base (4) to move up and down, thereby driving the probe assembly (5) to move up and down.

2. The device for measuring the setting time of concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The probe assembly (5) is connected to the base (4) via a rotating shaft (501). The probe assembly (5) includes several different types of insertion needles. Each insertion needle is connected to the rotating shaft (501). By rotating the rotating shaft (501), each insertion needle can rotate to a vertically downward direction.

3. The device for measuring the setting time of concrete according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (4) has an inverted U-shaped structure, the rotating shaft (501) is located at the opening of the inverted U-shaped structure, and the two ends of the rotating shaft (501) are respectively connected to the two arms of the inverted U-shaped structure.

4. The device for measuring the setting time of concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the telescopic component (2) is connected to the frame (1) via a lateral movement mechanism. The lateral movement mechanism can drive the telescopic component (2) to move horizontally, thereby driving the probe assembly (5) to move horizontally. The controller is also used to control the horizontal movement of the lateral movement mechanism.

5. The device for measuring the setting time of concrete according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lateral movement mechanism includes a guide rail frame (7), a lead screw (8), and a nut block (9). The axial direction of the guide rail frame (7) is arranged horizontally, and the lead screw (8) is arranged along the axial direction of the guide rail frame (7). The lead screw (8) and the nut block (9) are connected by a thread. The nut block (9) can move along the axial direction of the guide rail frame (7). The top of the telescopic component (2) is connected to the nut block (9). The rotation of the lead screw (8) is converted into the linear movement of the nut block (9) along the axial direction of the guide rail frame (7) through the threaded connection, thereby driving the telescopic component (2) to move horizontally.

6. A device for measuring the setting time of concrete according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The frame (1) has a portal frame structure, and the top of the telescopic component (2) is connected to the crossbeam of the portal frame structure.

7. The device for measuring the setting time of concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that, The walking wheel (102) is a Mecanum wheel.

8. The device for measuring the setting time of concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vehicle frame (1) is equipped with a lidar (101).

9. The device for measuring the setting time of concrete according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes several sample tubes (6), the outer wall of which is provided with a wastewater tank (604). The opening of the sample tube (6) is connected to the wastewater tank (604) through a drain pipe (602). A filter screen (601) is provided at one end of the drain pipe (602) near the opening of the sample tube (6). The drain pipe (602) can pump the water seeping from the sample surface into the wastewater tank (604) through a water pump (603).

10. A method for measuring the setting time of concrete, characterized in that, The application of the apparatus for measuring the setting time of concrete as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1: Place several test samples on the ground; S2: The device acquires the location information of each of the test samples and performs path planning based on the location information; S3: The device moves to the location of each test sample at predetermined intervals according to the planned path, performs penetration tests on the test samples, and records the test data.

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