Lightning strike type identification method, system, device and computer readable storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a lightning stroke type identification method, system, device and computer readable storage medium, relates to the technical field of lightning interference identification, and specifically comprises the following steps: determining a characteristic frequency band based on the effective electrical height of a tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; determining the energy proportion of the characteristic frequency band according to the characteristic frequency band and a full frequency band; determining a power frequency phase index based on the polarity of lightning current, the instantaneous value of power frequency voltage and the amplitude of phase voltage; and determining the lightning stroke type according to the energy proportion and the power frequency phase index, wherein the lightning stroke type comprises a back strike lightning, a shielding lightning and an induced lightning. The application can realize complete coverage identification of the back strike lightning, the shielding lightning and the induced lightning, and improve the accuracy and reliability of identification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of lightning interference identification technology, specifically to a lightning strike type identification method, system, device, and computer-readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of power systems, the safe and stable operation of transmission lines is of paramount importance. Accurate identification of lightning strike types has become a general requirement in the technical field for guiding lightning protection upgrades and fault diagnosis. Related technologies typically utilize traveling wave signals or power frequency electrical quantities collected by fault monitoring devices for analysis, while some methods determine the nature of lightning strikes by extracting traveling wave characteristics.

[0003] However, existing technologies have the following drawbacks: First, existing technologies only classify and identify backflash lightning and swirl lightning, lacking effective differentiation of induced lightning, resulting in incomplete coverage of identification types; Second, methods that rely solely on traveling wave characteristics are susceptible to transmission attenuation, while methods that rely solely on electrical quantities lack consideration of tower structural characteristics, and the single physical dimension leads to a high misjudgment rate in complex scenarios.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a lightning strike type identification method to achieve complete coverage identification of backflash lightning, circumferential lightning, and induced lightning, and improve the accuracy and reliability of identification, is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a lightning strike type identification method, system, device, and computer-readable storage medium, which can achieve complete coverage identification of backflash lightning, circumventing lightning, and induced lightning, and improve the accuracy and reliability of identification.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for identifying lightning strike types, the method comprising: The characteristic frequency band is determined based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; The energy percentage of the characteristic frequency band is determined based on the characteristic frequency band and the full frequency band. The power frequency phase index is determined based on the polarity of the lightning current, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the amplitude of the phase voltage. The lightning strike type is determined based on the energy ratio and power frequency phase index. The lightning strike type includes backflash lightning, circumferential lightning, and induced lightning.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, determining the characteristic frequency band based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body includes: The characteristic frequency is determined based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; The characteristic frequency band is determined based on the characteristic frequency and the preset weighting coefficient.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, determining the lightning strike type based on energy proportion and power frequency phase index includes: If the detected energy percentage is not less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be a counter-strike lightning strike. If the detected energy percentage is less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be either a lightning strike from a distance or an induced lightning strike based on the power frequency phase index and the preset index threshold.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, determining whether a lightning strike is a circumferential lightning strike or an induced lightning strike based on a power frequency phase index and a preset index threshold includes: If the detected power frequency phase index is not greater than the preset index threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be a lightning strike around the target. If the power frequency phase index is detected to be greater than the preset index threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be induced lightning.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one implementation, determining the power frequency phase index based on the lightning current polarity, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude includes: Substituting the lightning current polarity, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude into the following calculation formula yields the power frequency phase index:

[0011] In the formula, The polarity of the lightning current; It is a symbolic function; This is the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage; This refers to the phase voltage amplitude. This refers to the power frequency phase index.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a lightning strike type identification system, the lightning strike type identification system comprising: The first processing module is used to determine the characteristic frequency band based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; The second processing module is used to determine the energy proportion of the characteristic frequency band based on the characteristic frequency band and the full frequency band. The third processing module is used to determine the power frequency phase index based on the lightning current polarity, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude. The fourth processing module is used to determine the lightning strike type based on the energy ratio and power frequency phase index. The lightning strike type includes backflash lightning, circumferential lightning, and induced lightning.

[0013] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one implementation, the first processing module is used to: The characteristic frequency is determined based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; The characteristic frequency band is determined based on the characteristic frequency and the preset weighting coefficient.

[0014] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one implementation, the fourth processing module is used to: If the detected energy percentage is not less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be a counter-strike lightning strike. If the detected energy percentage is less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be either a lightning strike from a distance or an induced lightning strike based on the power frequency phase index and the preset index threshold.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a lightning strike type identification device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a lightning strike type identification program stored in the memory and executable by the processor. When the lightning strike type identification program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the lightning strike type identification method as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0016] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a lightning strike type identification program, wherein when the lightning strike type identification program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the lightning strike type identification method as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include: The characteristic frequency band is determined by the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower. The energy proportion of the characteristic frequency band is determined based on the characteristic frequency band and the full frequency band. Utilizing the unique tower reflection physical mechanism of backflash lightning, specific information of backflash lightning is extracted based on clear physical characteristics, improving the accuracy of backflash lightning identification. The power frequency phase index is determined based on the polarity of the lightning current, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude. The phase correlation difference between backflash lightning and induced lightning is used to distinguish between the two. The lightning strike types, including backflash lightning, backflash lightning, and induced lightning, are determined based on the energy proportion and power frequency phase index. Through multi-dimensional information, complete coverage identification of the three types of lightning strikes is achieved, reducing the misjudgment rate caused by interference with a single feature, while improving the ability to resist signal attenuation interference, thereby improving the overall reliability of identification. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the lightning strike type identification method of this application; Figure 2 For this application Figure 1 A detailed flowchart of step S10; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of an embodiment of the lightning strike type identification system of this application; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the lightning strike type identification device involved in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for identifying lightning strike types.

[0022] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the lightning strike type identification method of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the lightning strike type identification method includes: Step S10: Determine the characteristic frequency band based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body.

[0023] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, the effective electrical height of the tower characterizes the equivalent electrical length of the lightning current propagating vertically along the tower body, determining the path distance of the traveling wave's reciprocating reflection between the tower top and the tower base; the propagation velocity of the lightning current along the tower body characterizes the transmission rate of the traveling wave signal within the tower structure (its typical value is preferably 2.4 × 10⁻⁶). 8 m / s and 2.9×10 8 (The specific value can be determined based on the tower type) Both of these are based on the traveling wave transmission line theory and jointly determine the natural oscillation frequency generated by the tower body when a backflash lightning strike occurs. Then, the characteristic frequency band is determined with this natural oscillation frequency as the center, so that this frequency band can specifically capture the concentrated area of ​​the tower body reflected wave energy caused by the backflash lightning, thus providing a frequency domain criterion with clear physical meaning for distinguishing backflash lightning from lightning strikes and induced lightning.

[0024] Step S20: Determine the energy percentage of the characteristic frequency band based on the characteristic frequency band and the full frequency band.

[0025] In this exemplary embodiment, the characteristic frequency band refers to a specific frequency range centered on the inherent oscillation frequency of the tower, capable of characterizing the resonant response characteristics of the tower structure; the full frequency band refers to the entire effective frequency range covered by the fault transient traveling wave signal collected by the monitoring device after spectral analysis; the energy ratio refers to the ratio of the signal energy within the characteristic frequency band to the total energy of the full frequency band. Specifically, time-frequency analysis is performed on the characteristic frequency band and the full frequency band to obtain the first energy corresponding to the characteristic frequency band and the second energy corresponding to the full frequency band, respectively. The first energy refers to the integral value of the signal energy of the transient traveling wave signal within the characteristic frequency band, and the second energy refers to the integral value of the signal energy of the transient traveling wave signal within the full frequency band. Specifically, the energy ratio of the characteristic frequency band is obtained by substituting the first energy and the second energy into the following formula:

[0026] In the formula, As the primary energy source; It is the second energy; The energy proportion of the characteristic frequency band is used to quantify the characteristic energy intensity of tower reflection contained in the transient traveling wave, thus providing a frequency domain basis for distinguishing backflash lightning from other types of lightning strikes. It should be noted that time-frequency analysis methods include, but are not limited to, Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT), Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT), and Prony analysis. Obtaining the corresponding energy from a frequency band through time-frequency analysis is common knowledge in this field, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be elaborated upon here.

[0027] Step S30: Determine the power frequency phase index based on the lightning current polarity, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude.

[0028] In this embodiment, as an example, lightning current polarity refers to the positive or negative attribute of the lightning impulse current, power frequency voltage instantaneous value refers to the real-time voltage value of the fault phase at the moment of lightning strike, and phase voltage amplitude refers to the peak value of the rated phase voltage of the system. Based on these three parameters, a power frequency phase index is determined. This index can comprehensively characterize the phase position of the voltage waveform at the moment of lightning strike and its coupling effect with lightning polarity. By utilizing the power frequency voltage selectivity of lightning strikes and the difference that induced lightning lacks this characteristic, lightning strikes and induced lightning are quantitatively distinguished, providing a key phase domain criterion for completing the complete coverage identification of the three types of lightning strikes.

[0029] Step S40: Determine the lightning strike type based on the energy ratio and power frequency phase index. The lightning strike type includes backflash lightning, circumferential lightning, and induced lightning.

[0030] In this embodiment, as an example, lightning strike types include backflash lightning, bypass lightning, and induced lightning. Backflash lightning refers to a lightning strike where lightning directly hits the top of a tower or overhead ground wire, causing the lightning current to propagate through the tower body, leading to an increase in tower potential and causing insulation flashover to the conductor. Its current propagation path is tightly coupled with the tower structure. Passage lightning refers to a lightning strike where lightning bypasses the overhead ground wire shielding and directly hits the transmission conductor, causing the lightning current to directly inject into the conductor and cause overvoltage. Its current propagation path does not pass through the tower body, resulting in a relatively weak coupling with the tower structure. Induced lightning refers to a lightning strike that hits the ground or an object near the line, without directly hitting the line itself, but generates overvoltage on the conductor through electromagnetic induction. It does not involve direct lightning current injection and does not possess the power frequency voltage phase selectivity characteristic unique to direct lightning strikes.

[0031] Specifically, the energy ratio characterizes the resonant coupling strength between the lightning current spectrum and the characteristic frequency band of the tower structure, serving as the primary criterion for identifying backflash lightning and initially separating it from the three types of lightning strikes. Based on this, the power frequency phase index is used as the second-level criterion to distinguish between lightning strikes that occur around the source and induced lightning, utilizing the essential difference between the two in the phase correlation of power frequency voltage for secondary screening. This two-level serial hierarchical logic judgment mechanism effectively eliminates the ambiguity of single-parameter discrimination, achieves complete coverage identification of the three types of lightning strikes, and improves the reliability of lightning strike fault tracing.

[0032] This application determines the characteristic frequency band by using the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body. Based on the characteristic frequency band and the full frequency band, it determines the energy proportion of the characteristic frequency band. Utilizing the unique tower reflection physical mechanism of backflash lightning, it extracts specific information about backflash lightning based on clear physical characteristics, improving the accuracy of backflash lightning identification. It determines the power frequency phase index based on lightning current polarity, instantaneous power frequency voltage value, and phase voltage amplitude, and distinguishes between backflash lightning and induced lightning by utilizing the phase correlation difference. Based on the energy proportion and power frequency phase index, it determines the lightning strike types, including backflash lightning, backflash lightning, and induced lightning. Through multi-dimensional information, it achieves complete coverage identification of the three types of lightning strikes, reducing the misjudgment rate caused by interference with a single feature, while improving the ability to resist signal attenuation interference, thereby improving the overall reliability of identification.

[0033] Furthermore, in one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 2 As shown, the determination of the characteristic frequency band based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body includes: Step S101: Determine the characteristic frequency based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of the lightning current along the tower body; Step S102: Determine the characteristic frequency band based on the characteristic frequency and the preset weighting coefficient.

[0034] In an exemplary embodiment of this application, when lightning current is injected into the top of the transmission tower, it is in a backflashover condition. The lightning current propagates downwards along the tower body to the tower base grounding device, and forms a reciprocating reflection between the open-circuit reflection at the tower top and the low-impedance reflection at the tower base. This generates a characteristic oscillation component related to the tower structure in the tower top potential and the induced current in the conductor near the tower section. The fundamental frequency of this characteristic oscillation is directly related to the propagation characteristics of the tower body. Therefore, the characteristic frequency can be obtained by substituting the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of the lightning current along the tower body into the following calculation formula:

[0035] In the formula, The effective electrical height of the tower; This represents the propagation speed of the lightning current along the tower. The characteristic frequency is denoted as .

[0036] Specifically, the weighting coefficients are used to quantify the expansion ratio or boundary range of the frequency band relative to the characteristic frequency, thereby expanding a single characteristic frequency into a continuous frequency band covering the main energy distribution, i.e., the characteristic frequency band; the preset weighting coefficients include a first preset weighting coefficient. Second preset weight coefficient The specific values ​​of these two factors can be determined according to actual needs and are not limited here. For example, the first preset weighting coefficient... A preferred value is 0.7, the second preset weighting coefficient. A value of 0.3 can be preferred; then the characteristic frequency band can be expressed as: .

[0037] Furthermore, in one embodiment, determining the lightning strike type based on the energy percentage and power frequency phase index includes: If the detected energy percentage is not less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be a counter-strike lightning strike. If the detected energy percentage is less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be either a lightning strike from a distance or an induced lightning strike based on the power frequency phase index and the preset index threshold.

[0038] As an example, in the embodiments of this application, a preset percentage threshold is used. The tuning can be determined by statistically analyzing simulation data of various tower types under backflash and backflash conditions, and stored in a tower type parameter table. During runtime, the table is automatically retrieved based on the tower type to which the triggering device belongs. The specific tuning process is as follows: For each tower type, simulation software such as ATP-EMTP (Alternative Transients Program – Electromagnetic Transients Program) or PSCAD (Power Systems Computer Aided Design) can be used to calculate the statistical distribution of the energy proportion R under backflash and backflash conditions, covering various scenarios with different lightning current amplitudes of 10–100 kA and different grounding resistances of 5–30 Ω. The minimum misclassification rate boundary is used as the threshold. The set values ​​are determined and parameter tables are established according to tower type, thereby ensuring that the threshold can adapt to the differences in the spectral response characteristics of different tower structures, and providing an adaptive benchmark criterion for hierarchical lightning strike type discrimination based on energy ratio and power frequency phase index.

[0039] It should be noted that the preset indicator thresholds Power frequency phase indices can be obtained from historically known lightning strikes and induced lightning events. (Its preferred value range is [ ] The minimum misclassification rate boundary of the distribution [1, +1] is tuned, and the typical reference value is preferably taken as follows: 0.4 and The value is between 0.6 and varies depending on the line conditions; the specific setting process is as follows: collect historically confirmed lightning strikes and induced lightning events, and cross-verify them with the lightning location system and line inspection records, and calculate the power frequency phase index of the two types of samples respectively. Distribution, with the minimum misclassification rate boundary as The set values ​​are stored separately according to voltage level and region. During operation, they are automatically called according to line attributes, thereby ensuring that the threshold can adapt to the differences in power frequency voltage phase characteristics under different voltage levels and geographical environments. This provides an adaptive discrimination boundary for accurately distinguishing between lightning strikes and induced lightning based on power frequency phase indicators after excluding backflash lightning.

[0040] It should be understood that, for backflashover lightning strikes, the lightning current propagating through the tower will generate specific frequency oscillations related to the tower height; while for backflashover lightning strikes, the lightning current is directly injected into the conductor and forms traveling waves to both sides. There is no axial reflection link of the tower in the propagation path. Therefore, the components in the characteristic frequency band of the collected traveling wave waveform are extremely weak or completely absent. Based on this physical difference, this application uses the energy proportion of the characteristic frequency band as the primary criterion for identifying backflashover lightning strikes. Specifically, if the detected energy percentage is not less than a preset percentage threshold, it indicates strong resonant coupling between the lightning current spectrum and the characteristic frequency band of the tower structure, and the lightning current is mainly discharged through the tower, thus determining the lightning strike type as backflash lightning. If the detected energy percentage is less than the preset percentage threshold, it indicates weak coupling between the lightning current spectrum and the characteristic frequency band of the tower structure, and the lightning current is not mainly discharged through the tower. In this case, the voltage phase characteristics at the moment of the lightning strike are further distinguished based on the comparison results between the power frequency phase index and the preset index threshold, thus determining the lightning strike type as either a backflash lightning strike or an induced lightning strike. This scheme achieves progressively refined discrimination from coupling strength to voltage phase through a two-level serial decision-making mechanism of energy percentage and power frequency phase index, effectively eliminating the ambiguity of single parameter discrimination, achieving complete coverage identification of three types of lightning strikes, and improving the reliability of lightning strike fault tracing.

[0041] Further, in one embodiment, determining whether the lightning strike type is a circumferential lightning strike or an induced lightning strike based on the power frequency phase index and a preset index threshold includes: If the detected power frequency phase index is not greater than the preset index threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be a lightning strike around the target. If the power frequency phase index is detected to be greater than the preset index threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be induced lightning.

[0042] In this embodiment, the construction of the power frequency phase index is based on the physical mechanism of lightning leader attachment: in the late stage of lightning leader development, the critical field strength for exciting an upward-facing leader from the conductor side is jointly determined by the superposition of the electrostatic field of the thundercloud and the instantaneous power frequency voltage of the conductor; for a negative polarity downward leader, if the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage of the fault phase is positive and opposite to the polarity of the lightning current, the combined field strength on the conductor surface increases, making it easier to excite an upward-facing leader, resulting in a significant power frequency voltage selectivity characteristic of backflash lightning; in contrast, the overvoltage of induced lightning is determined by far-field electromagnetic induction and has no significant correlation with the power frequency phase of the fault phase; the leader attachment point of backflash lightning is the top of the tower and also has no significant relationship with the power frequency voltage of each phase conductor; based on the above physical differences, by quantifying the correlation between the voltage state at the moment of lightning strike and the lightning strike location through the power frequency phase index, it is possible to effectively distinguish between backflash lightning with phase selectivity and induced lightning without phase selectivity, and use it as a second-level criterion to complete the refined classification of non-backflash lightning strikes.

[0043] Specifically, if the detected power frequency phase index is not greater than the preset index threshold, it indicates that the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage at the moment of lightning strike shows a significant reverse correlation with the polarity of the lightning current, which is consistent with the physical mechanism of selective attraction of the lightning leader by the power frequency voltage of the conductor during a lightning strike, and the lightning strike type is determined to be a lightning strike. If the detected power frequency phase index is greater than the preset index threshold, it indicates that the correlation between the two is weak, which is consistent with the characteristics of induced lightning generated by electromagnetic induction of lightning strikes on the nearby ground and without power frequency phase selectivity, and the lightning strike type is determined to be induced lightning. This discrimination logic quantifies the correlation between the voltage state at the moment of lightning strike and the location of lightning strike based on the power frequency phase index, and defines the phase characteristic boundary between lightning strikes and induced lightning strikes through the preset index threshold, thereby realizing the refined classification of non-backflash lightning strike faults.

[0044] Further, in one embodiment, determining the power frequency phase index based on the lightning current polarity, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude includes: Substituting the lightning current polarity, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude into the following calculation formula yields the power frequency phase index:

[0045] In the formula, The polarity of the lightning current; It is a symbolic function; This is the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage; This refers to the phase voltage amplitude. This refers to the power frequency phase index.

[0046] As an example, in the embodiments of this application, the polarity of the lightning current is... Instantaneous value of power frequency voltage Phase voltage amplitude Substituting into the following formula, we obtain the power frequency phase index. :

[0047] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a lightning strike type identification system.

[0048] In one embodiment, reference is made to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of an embodiment of the lightning strike type identification system of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the lightning strike type identification system includes: The first processing module is used to determine the characteristic frequency band based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; The second processing module is used to determine the energy proportion of the characteristic frequency band based on the characteristic frequency band and the full frequency band. The third processing module is used to determine the power frequency phase index based on the lightning current polarity, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude. The fourth processing module is used to determine the lightning strike type based on the energy ratio and power frequency phase index. The lightning strike type includes backflash lightning, circumferential lightning, and induced lightning.

[0049] Further, in one embodiment, the first processing module is used to: The characteristic frequency is determined based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; The characteristic frequency band is determined based on the characteristic frequency and the preset weighting coefficient.

[0050] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the fourth processing module is used to: If the detected energy percentage is not less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be a counter-strike lightning strike. If the detected energy percentage is less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be either a lightning strike from a distance or an induced lightning strike based on the power frequency phase index and the preset index threshold.

[0051] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the fourth processing module is used to: If the detected power frequency phase index is not greater than the preset index threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be a lightning strike around the target. If the power frequency phase index is detected to be greater than the preset index threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be induced lightning.

[0052] Further, in one embodiment, the second processing module is used to: Substituting the lightning current polarity, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude into the following calculation formula yields the power frequency phase index:

[0053] In the formula, The polarity of the lightning current; It is a symbolic function; This is the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage; This refers to the phase voltage amplitude. This refers to the power frequency phase index.

[0054] This application determines the characteristic frequency band by using the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body. Based on the characteristic frequency band and the full frequency band, it determines the energy proportion of the characteristic frequency band. Utilizing the unique tower reflection physical mechanism of backflash lightning, it extracts specific information about backflash lightning based on clear physical characteristics, improving the accuracy of backflash lightning identification. It determines the power frequency phase index based on lightning current polarity, instantaneous power frequency voltage value, and phase voltage amplitude, and distinguishes between backflash lightning and induced lightning by utilizing the phase correlation difference. Based on the energy proportion and power frequency phase index, it determines the lightning strike types, including backflash lightning, backflash lightning, and induced lightning. Through multi-dimensional information, it achieves complete coverage identification of the three types of lightning strikes, reducing the misjudgment rate caused by interference with a single feature, while improving the ability to resist signal attenuation interference, thereby improving the overall reliability of identification.

[0055] The functions of each module in the above-mentioned lightning strike type identification system correspond to the steps in the above-mentioned lightning strike type identification method embodiment, and their functions and implementation processes will not be described in detail here.

[0056] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a lightning strike type identification device, which can be a personal computer (PC), laptop computer, server, or other device with data processing capabilities.

[0057] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the lightning strike type identification device involved in the embodiments of this application. In the embodiments of this application, the lightning strike type identification device may include a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus.

[0058] The communication bus can be of any type and is used to interconnect the processor, memory, and communication interface.

[0059] The communication interface includes input / output (I / O) interfaces, physical interfaces, and logical interfaces used for interconnecting internal components of the lightning strike type identification device, as well as interfaces used for interconnecting the lightning strike type identification device with other devices (such as other computing devices or user equipment). Physical interfaces can be Ethernet interfaces, fiber optic interfaces, ATM interfaces, etc.; user equipment can be displays, keyboards, etc.

[0060] Memory can be various types of storage media, such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), flash memory, optical storage, hard disk, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), etc.

[0061] The processor can be a general-purpose processor, which can call a lightning strike type identification program stored in memory and execute the lightning strike type identification method provided in the embodiments of this application. For example, the general-purpose processor can be a central processing unit (CPU). The method executed when the lightning strike type identification program is called can be referred to in various embodiments of the lightning strike type identification method of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 The hardware structure shown does not constitute a limitation of this application and may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0063] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a readable storage medium.

[0064] The present application has a readable storage medium storing a lightning strike type identification program, wherein when the lightning strike type identification program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the lightning strike type identification method as described above.

[0065] The method implemented when the lightning strike type identification program is executed can be referred to in various embodiments of the lightning strike type identification method of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0066] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, etc., and do not indicate a sequence, nor do they limit "first," "second," and "third" to different types.

[0067] In the description of the embodiments of this application, terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more.

[0069] In some processes described in the embodiments of this application, multiple operations or steps are included in a specific order. However, it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order they appear in the embodiments of this application, or they may be executed in parallel. The sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed sequentially or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.

[0070] It should be noted that the sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0071] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0072] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for identifying lightning strike types, characterized in that, The lightning strike type identification method includes: The characteristic frequency band is determined based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; The energy percentage of the characteristic frequency band is determined based on the characteristic frequency band and the full frequency band. The power frequency phase index is determined based on the polarity of the lightning current, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the amplitude of the phase voltage. The lightning strike type is determined based on the energy ratio and power frequency phase index. The lightning strike type includes backflash lightning, circumferential lightning, and induced lightning.

2. The lightning strike type identification method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the characteristic frequency band based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body includes: The characteristic frequency is determined based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; The characteristic frequency band is determined based on the characteristic frequency and the preset weighting coefficient.

3. The lightning strike type identification method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of lightning strike type based on energy proportion and power frequency phase index includes: If the detected energy percentage is not less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be a counter-strike lightning strike. If the detected energy percentage is less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be either a lightning strike from a distance or an induced lightning strike based on the power frequency phase index and the preset index threshold.

4. The lightning strike type identification method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining whether a lightning strike is a circumduction lightning strike or an induced lightning strike based on the power frequency phase index and a preset index threshold includes: If the detected power frequency phase index is not greater than the preset index threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be a lightning strike around the target. If the power frequency phase index is detected to be greater than the preset index threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be induced lightning.

5. The lightning strike type identification method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the power frequency phase index based on lightning current polarity, instantaneous power frequency voltage value, and phase voltage amplitude includes: Substituting the lightning current polarity, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude into the following calculation formula yields the power frequency phase index: In the formula, The polarity of the lightning current; It is a symbolic function; This is the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage; This refers to the phase voltage amplitude. This refers to the power frequency phase index.

6. A lightning strike type identification system, characterized in that, The lightning strike type identification system includes: The first processing module is used to determine the characteristic frequency band based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; The second processing module is used to determine the energy proportion of the characteristic frequency band based on the characteristic frequency band and the full frequency band. The third processing module is used to determine the power frequency phase index based on the lightning current polarity, the instantaneous value of the power frequency voltage, and the phase voltage amplitude. The fourth processing module is used to determine the lightning strike type based on the energy ratio and power frequency phase index. The lightning strike type includes backflash lightning, circumferential lightning, and induced lightning.

7. The lightning strike type identification system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first processing module is used for: The characteristic frequency is determined based on the effective electrical height of the tower and the propagation speed of lightning current along the tower body; The characteristic frequency band is determined based on the characteristic frequency and the preset weighting coefficient.

8. The lightning strike type identification system as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The fourth processing module is used for: If the detected energy percentage is not less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be a counter-strike lightning strike. If the detected energy percentage is less than the preset percentage threshold, the lightning strike type is determined to be either a lightning strike from a distance or an induced lightning strike based on the power frequency phase index and the preset index threshold.

9. A lightning strike type identification device, characterized in that, The lightning strike type identification device includes a processor, a memory, and a lightning strike type identification program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein when the lightning strike type identification program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the lightning strike type identification method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a lightning strike type identification program, wherein when the lightning strike type identification program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the lightning strike type identification method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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