A power transformer fault detection system
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QING DAO JING SHI DIAN ZI YOU XIAN GONG SI
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-07
AI Technical Summary
然而，传统的预防性试验方法存在显著局限性，即故障检测时必须在变压器停电状态下进行，
[0011]与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：通过测点装配模块将测点信号收集单元安装于变压器本体，实现对局部放电信号的持续采集，在采集过程中，通过布置在空间不同位置的时延信号核定部与中心的无间隔电流采集部相配合，利用三组时延信号核定部之间生成的声波信号与无间隔电流采集部所生成电感信号传递至检测端分析模组时的时延差值，并由三维位置预定模块计算放电源的近似三维坐标，进而估算局部放电源在变压器中相近于无间隔电流采集部接近片区的所处位置，使运维人员能够快速判断放电点发生区域，进而缩小了故障排查范围。
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Figure CN122525299A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrical fault testing technology, and specifically relates to a power transformer fault detection system. Background Technology
[0002] A power transformer is an electromagnetic energy conversion device made of soft magnetic materials. Its core functions are to transmit electrical energy, transform voltage, and provide electrical isolation, playing a crucial role in power systems and power electronic equipment. To ensure the stability and safety of power system operation, partial discharge detection of transformers is an important means of assessing their insulation condition and diagnosing potential defects. However, traditional preventative testing methods have significant limitations, namely, fault detection must be performed when the transformer is de-energized. Not only is the operation complex and affects the continuity of power supply, but the period between two tests is usually long. This offline, periodic detection mode makes it difficult to capture the dynamic evolution of insulation status in real time, which may lead to latent faults not being detected in time, thus posing operational risks. Therefore, its applicability is still not ideal. To address this, we propose a power transformer fault detection system. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This invention provides a power transformer fault detection system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0004] This invention provides the following technical solution: a power transformer fault detection system, including a measurement point assembly module, a measurement point signal collection unit, a layout surface acquisition and calibration module, and a detection end analysis module. The measurement point signal collection unit is installed in the measurement and control area of the transformer to be tested through the measurement point assembly module. The measurement point signal collection unit is signal-connected to the layout surface acquisition and calibration module. The layout surface acquisition and calibration module is used to send the partial discharge data acquired by the measurement point signal collection unit to the detection end analysis module. The detection end analysis module is used to analyze the proximity coordinates based on the partial discharge data acquired by the measurement point signal collection unit. The arrangement surface acquisition and calibration module includes at least a time delay signal verification unit and an intermittent current acquisition unit. The transformer measurement and control area is equipped with a time delay signal verification unit that is axially and equally spaced, and a non-interval current acquisition unit that is located at the center of the time delay signal verification unit. The detection end analysis module includes a difference value information analysis module and a three-dimensional position prediction module. The difference value information analysis module is connected to the time delay signal verification unit and the uninterrupted current acquisition unit through the measurement point signal collection unit. After acquiring the detection signals from the time delay signal verification unit and the uninterrupted current acquisition unit, the difference value information analysis module is used to analyze the transmission distance difference between the uninterrupted current acquisition unit and the time delay signal verification unit. The three-dimensional position prediction module estimates the approximate location of partial discharge of the transformer based on the transmission distance difference of the detection signals.
[0005] A further improvement of the present invention is that the time delay signal verification unit includes an ultrasonic sensing unit, a preamplifier unit, and a filter. The ultrasonic sensing unit is signal-connected to the preamplifier unit, the preamplifier unit is signal-connected to the filter, and the filter is signal-connected to the difference value signal analysis module through the measurement point signal collection unit.
[0006] A further improvement of the present invention is that the gapless current acquisition unit includes a current sensor, a preamplifier, a differential amplifier, and a filter. The current sensor is signal-connected to the preamplifier and the differential amplifier, and the preamplifier and the differential amplifier are signal-connected to the filter.
[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is that the difference value information analysis module includes a transformer parameter input unit, a difference parameter classification unit, and a data processing unit. The difference parameter classification unit is signal-connected to the transformer parameter input unit, and the data processing unit is signal-connected to the difference parameter classification unit. The transformer parameter input unit is used to input the geometric dimensions of the transformer.
[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the difference parameter classification unit is used to analyze whether the time delay of the transmitted signal acquired by the current time delay signal verification unit or the intervalless current acquisition unit exceeds the geometric dimensions of the transformer. If it does not exceed the geometric dimensions, the data processing unit further analyzes the time delay difference between the transmitted signal of the current time delay signal verification unit and the intervalless current acquisition unit.
[0009] A further improvement of this invention is that the three-dimensional position pre-determining module includes a data acquisition endpoint calibration unit, a time extension calculation unit, and a calculation parameter output unit. The data acquisition endpoint calibration unit... The acquisition endpoint calibration unit is used to read the calibration position of the time delay signal verification unit and the intervalless current acquisition unit when they are arranged. The time delay calculation unit is signal-connected to the acquisition endpoint calibration unit and to the calculation parameter output unit.
[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the time delay calculation unit is used to take the calibration position set by the acquisition endpoint calibration unit as the starting position for receiving the detection signal of the time delay signal verification unit, and to measure the time delay difference between the detection signal starting position of the time delay signal verification unit and the detection signal of the uninterrupted current acquisition unit after the detection signal starting position of the time delay signal verification unit reaches the receiving position. The calculation parameter output unit is used to determine the approximate position of partial discharge of the transformer of the time delay signal verification unit based on the time delay difference between the detection signals of each of the time delay signal verification units and the uninterrupted current acquisition unit.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by installing the measuring point signal collection unit on the transformer body through the measuring point assembly module, the continuous acquisition of partial discharge signals is realized. During the acquisition process, the time delay signal verification unit arranged in different positions in space cooperates with the central uninterrupted current acquisition unit. The time delay difference between the acoustic wave signal generated between the three sets of time delay signal verification units and the inductive signal generated by the uninterrupted current acquisition unit when they are transmitted to the detection end analysis module is utilized. The approximate three-dimensional coordinates of the discharge source are calculated by the three-dimensional position prediction module, thereby estimating the location of the partial discharge source in the transformer near the area close to the uninterrupted current acquisition unit. This enables maintenance personnel to quickly determine the area where the discharge point occurs, thereby narrowing the scope of fault diagnosis. Attached Figure Description
[0012] Figure 1 is a system diagram of a power transformer fault detection system according to the present invention.
[0013] Figure 2 is a diagram of the composition of a power transformer fault detection system according to the present invention.
[0014] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a power transformer fault detection system according to the present invention.
[0015] In the diagram: 1. Measuring point assembly module; 2. Measuring point signal collection unit; 3. Layout surface acquisition and calibration module; 31. Time delay signal verification unit; 32. Interval-free current acquisition unit; 4. Detection end analysis module; 41. Difference value information analysis module; 42. Three-dimensional position reservation module. Detailed Implementation The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. Based on the specific embodiments of the present invention, all other specific embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0016] Please refer to Figures 1-3. To avoid the technical problem that existing power transformer fault detection must be carried out when the transformer is de-energized, which is not only complicated to operate and affects the continuity of power supply, but also has a long cycle between two tests, making it difficult to capture the dynamic evolution of insulation status in real time, this invention proposes a power transformer fault detection system, including a measurement point assembly module 1, a measurement point signal collection unit 2, a layout surface acquisition and calibration module 3, and a detection end analysis module 4. The measurement point signal collection unit 2 is installed in the measurement and control area of the transformer to be tested through the measurement point assembly module 1. The measurement point signal collection unit 2 is signal connected to the layout surface acquisition and calibration module 3. The layout surface acquisition and calibration module 3 is used to send the partial discharge data acquired by the measurement point signal collection unit 2 to the detection end analysis module 4. The detection end analysis module 4 is used to analyze the proximity coordinates based on the partial discharge data acquired by the measurement point signal collection unit 2.
[0017] In this embodiment, the present invention installs the measuring point signal collection unit 2 on the transformer body through the measuring point assembly module 1 to realize continuous acquisition of partial discharge signals. During the acquisition process, the time delay signal verification unit 31 arranged at different positions in space cooperates with the central uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32. The time delay difference between the acoustic wave signal generated between the three sets of time delay signal verification units 31 and the inductance signal generated by the uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32 when they are transmitted to the detection end analysis module 4 is used. The three-dimensional position prediction module 42 calculates the approximate three-dimensional coordinates of the discharge source, and then estimates the location of the partial discharge source in the transformer near the area close to the uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32. This allows maintenance personnel to quickly determine the discharge point area, thereby achieving non-stop testing and effectively reducing the scope of troubleshooting. In one optional embodiment of this example, the layout acquisition and calibration module 3 includes at least a time delay signal verification unit 31 and an intermittent current acquisition unit 32. The time delay signal verification unit 31 is arranged axially at equal intervals in the transformer measurement and control area, and the intermittent current acquisition unit 32 is arranged at the center of the time delay signal verification unit 31.
[0018] In one optional embodiment of this example, the time delay signal verification unit 31 includes an ultrasonic sensing unit, a preamplifier unit, and a filter. The ultrasonic sensing unit is signal-connected to the preamplifier unit, the preamplifier unit is signal-connected to the filter, and the filter is signal-connected to the difference value signal analysis module through the measurement point signal collection unit 2.
[0019] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic sensor converts the sound waves generated by partial discharge into electrical signals. When the ultrasonic wave reaches the surface of the sensor, the piezoelectric crystal inside it deforms due to the sound pressure, generating a voltage signal at both ends of the crystal that is proportional to the sound pressure intensity. This signal is then amplified with low noise by the preamplifier unit, and then further filtered by the filter to remove high-frequency noise before being uploaded to the difference value information analysis module 41 by the measurement point signal collection unit 2.
[0020] In one optional embodiment of this example, the uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32 includes a current sensor, a preamplifier, a differential amplifier, and a filter. The current sensor is signal-connected to the preamplifier and the differential amplifier, and the preamplifier and the differential amplifier are signal-connected to the filter.
[0021] In this embodiment, after the current sensor converts the physical quantity into an electrical signal, the weak signal output by the current sensor is initially amplified by the preamplifier and the noise is reduced. Then, the common-mode noise is suppressed by the differential amplifier, the differential-mode signal is extracted, and the high-frequency noise is filtered out by the filter before being uploaded to the difference value information analysis module 41 through the measurement point signal collection unit 2.
[0022] In one optional embodiment of this example, the detection end analysis module 4 includes a difference value information analysis module 41 and a three-dimensional position prediction module 42. The difference value information analysis module 41 is signal-connected to the time delay signal verification unit 31 and the gapless current acquisition unit 32 through the measurement point signal collection unit 2. After acquiring the detection signals from the time delay signal verification unit 31 and the gapless current acquisition unit 32, the difference value information analysis module 41 is used to analyze the transmission distance difference between the gapless current acquisition unit 32 and the time delay signal verification unit 31. The three-dimensional position estimation module 42 estimates the approximate location of partial discharge generated by the transformer based on the difference in transmission distance of the detection signal.
[0023] In an optional embodiment of this example, the difference value information analysis module 41 includes a transformer parameter input unit, a difference parameter classification unit, and a data processing unit. The difference parameter classification unit is signal-connected to the transformer parameter input unit, and the data processing unit is signal-connected to the difference parameter classification unit. The transformer parameter input unit is used to input the geometric dimensions of the transformer.
[0024] In an optional embodiment of this example, the difference parameter classification unit is used to analyze whether the delay of the transmitted signal acquired by the current delay signal verification unit 31 or the uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32 exceeds the geometric dimensions of the transformer. If it does not exceed the geometric dimensions, the data processing unit further analyzes the delay difference between the transmitted signals of the current delay signal verification unit 31 and the uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32.
[0025] In an optional embodiment of this example, the three-dimensional position reservation module 42 includes a data acquisition endpoint calibration unit, a time delay calculation unit, and a calculation parameter output unit. The data acquisition endpoint calibration unit is used to read the calibration position of the time delay signal verification unit 31 and the intervalless current acquisition unit 32 when they are arranged. The time delay calculation unit is signal-connected to the data acquisition endpoint calibration unit and to the calculation parameter output unit.
[0026] In an optional embodiment of this example, the delay calculation unit is used to take the calibration position set by the acquisition endpoint calibration unit as the starting position for receiving the detection signal of the delay signal verification unit 31, and to measure the delay difference between the detection signal of the delay signal verification unit 31 and the detection signal of the uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32 after the detection signal starting position of the delay signal verification unit 31 reaches the receiving position. The calculation parameter output unit is used to determine the approach position of the transformer of the delay signal verification unit 31 generating partial discharge based on the delay difference between the detection signals of each delay signal verification unit 31 and the uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32.
[0027] In this embodiment, in the difference value information analysis module 41, the transformer geometric dimensions are entered through the transformer parameter input unit. After the time delay signal verification unit 31 and the intervalless current acquisition unit 32 send the acquired detection signals to the data processing unit, the difference parameter classification unit first analyzes whether the time delay of the transmitted signal acquired by the current time delay signal verification unit 31 or the intervalless current acquisition unit 32 exceeds the limit. If the transformer's geometric dimensions do not exceed the limits, the data processing unit further analyzes the time delay difference between the current time delay signal verification unit 31 and the uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32. If the dimensions exceed the limits, the signal is considered an interference signal and is directly excluded.
[0028] In this embodiment, before fault detection, the timing delay signal verification unit 31 and the intervalless current acquisition unit 32 are first calibrated by the acquisition endpoint calibration unit (which is a locator). Since partial discharge occurs within the power transformer, pulse current signals and acoustic emission signals are generated at the partial discharge location. The timing delay signal verification unit 31 and the intervalless current acquisition unit 32 can capture these pulse current signals and acoustic emission signals. At this time, the current sensing unit has a small timing delay signal and can quickly receive the pulse current signal. However, the acoustic emission pressure wave has a timing delay. Based on the data processing unit in the pressure wave arrival difference information analysis module 41 of each timing delay signal verification unit 31, and the intervalless current acquisition unit 32... The time delay difference of the transmitted pulse current reaching the data processing unit is used to obtain the closest distance between the partial discharge power supply and the ultrasonic sensor (i.e., the time delay signal verification unit 31 with the smallest time delay difference in the three-axis arrangement plane). Then, the time delay signal verification unit 31 is displayed by the acquisition endpoint calibration unit to obtain its three-dimensional position. The time delay distance calculation unit estimates the time delay distance based on the signal transmission speed and time delay parameters of the time delay signal verification unit 31. The distance is then output by the calculation parameter output unit so that maintenance personnel can directly perform partial disassembly and treatment of transformer partial discharge according to the time delay distance. The detection end analysis module 4 is arranged in a position away from the transformer detection surface to avoid electromagnetic interference from the transformer to the detection end analysis module 4.
[0029] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The measuring point assembly module 1 is used to install the measuring point signal collection unit 2 on the transformer body to realize the continuous acquisition of partial discharge signals. During the acquisition process, the time delay signal verification unit 31 arranged at different positions in space cooperates with the central uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32. The time delay difference between the acoustic wave signal generated between the three sets of time delay signal verification units 31 and the inductive signal generated by the uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32 when they are transmitted to the detection end analysis module 4 is used. The three-dimensional position prediction module 42 calculates the approximate three-dimensional coordinates of the discharge source, and then estimates the location of the partial discharge source in the transformer that is close to the uninterrupted current acquisition unit 32. This allows maintenance personnel to quickly determine the area where the discharge point occurs, thereby narrowing the scope of fault investigation and ensuring the stability of the transformer's electrical performance. The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A power transformer fault detection system, comprising a measuring point assembly module (1), characterized in that: It also includes a measuring point signal collection unit (2), a layout surface acquisition and calibration module (3), and a detection end analysis module (4). The measuring point signal collection unit (2) is installed in the measurement and control area of the transformer to be tested through the measuring point assembly module (1). The measuring point signal collection unit (2) is connected to the layout surface acquisition and calibration module (3) by signal. The layout surface acquisition and calibration module (3) is used to send the partial discharge data obtained by the measuring point signal collection unit (2) to the detection end analysis module (4). The detection end analysis module (4) is used to analyze the proximity coordinates based on the partial discharge data obtained by the measuring point signal collection unit (2). The arrangement surface acquisition calibration module (3) includes at least a time delay signal verification unit (31) and an intermittent current acquisition unit (32), wherein the time delay signal verification unit (31) is arranged axially at equal intervals in the transformer measurement and control area, and the intermittent current acquisition unit (32) is arranged at the center of the time delay signal verification unit (31). The detection end analysis module (4) includes a difference value information analysis module (41) and a three-dimensional position prediction module (42). The difference value information analysis module (41) is connected to the time delay signal verification unit (31) and the intervalless current acquisition unit (32) through the measurement point signal collection unit (2). After the difference value information analysis module (41) obtains the detection signals of the time delay signal verification unit (31) and the intervalless current acquisition unit (32), it is used to analyze the transmission distance difference between the intervalless current acquisition unit (32) and the time delay signal verification unit (31). The three-dimensional position prediction module (42) estimates the approximate position of the transformer that will generate partial discharge based on the transmission distance difference of the detection signal.
2. The power transformer fault detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The time delay signal verification unit (31) includes an ultrasonic sensing unit, a preamplifier unit and a filter. The ultrasonic sensing unit is signal-connected to the preamplifier unit, the preamplifier unit is signal-connected to the filter, and the filter is signal-connected to the difference value signal analysis module through the measurement point signal collection unit (2).
3. The power transformer fault detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gapless current acquisition unit (32) includes a current sensor, a preamplifier, a differential amplifier, and a filter. The current sensor is signal-connected to the preamplifier and the differential amplifier, and the preamplifier and the differential amplifier are signal-connected to the filter.
4. The power transformer fault detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The difference value information analysis module (41) includes a transformer parameter input unit, a difference parameter classification unit, and a data processing unit. The difference parameter classification unit is signal-connected to the transformer parameter input unit, and the data processing unit is signal-connected to the difference parameter classification unit. The transformer parameter input unit is used to input the transformer geometric dimensions.
5. A power transformer fault detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The difference parameter classification unit is used to analyze whether the time delay of the transmission signal collected by the current time delay signal verification unit (31) or the intervalless current acquisition unit (32) exceeds the geometric dimensions of the transformer. If it does not exceed the geometric dimensions, the data processing unit further analyzes the time delay difference between the current time delay signal verification unit (31) and the intervalless current acquisition unit (32).
6. The power transformer fault detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The three-dimensional position reservation module (42) includes a data acquisition endpoint calibration unit, a time delay calculation unit, and a calculation parameter output unit. The data acquisition endpoint calibration unit is used to read the calibration position of the time delay signal verification unit (31) and the intervalless current acquisition unit (32) when they are arranged. The time delay calculation unit is signal-connected to the data acquisition endpoint calibration unit and to the calculation parameter output unit.
7. A power transformer fault detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The time delay calculation unit is used to take the calibration position set by the acquisition endpoint calibration unit as the starting position for receiving the detection signal of the time delay signal verification unit (31), and to measure the time delay difference between the detection signal starting position of the time delay signal verification unit (31) and the detection signal of the uninterrupted current acquisition unit (32) after the detection signal starting position of the time delay signal verification unit (31) reaches the receiving position. The calculation parameter output unit is used to determine the approach position of the transformer of the time delay signal verification unit (31) when partial discharge occurs based on the time delay difference between the detection signals of each of the time delay signal verification units (31) and the uninterrupted current acquisition unit (32).