Wind speed inversion method and device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product

Abstract

The application provides a wind speed inversion method and device, electronic equipment, storage medium and program product, which can be applied to the technical field of radar wind measurement. The method comprises the following steps: counting the number of photon signals corresponding to each time period according to the time when each photon signal corresponding to scattered light reaches a single photon detector, and statistically counting the obtained plurality of photon numbers to obtain a probability distribution curve; normalizing a plurality of transmittances obtained according to a transmittance function and a plurality of predetermined frequencies, and determining a transmittance curve according to the plurality of predetermined frequencies and the plurality of normalized transmittances; determining a mapping relationship between the unit photon number and the unit frequency according to the half-height width of the transmittance curve and the half-height width of the probability distribution curve; determining a target transmittance at a target frequency in the transmittance curve according to the probability distribution curve and the mapping relationship; and inverting a radial wind speed according to the plurality of target frequencies, the plurality of target transmittances and the central frequency of the laser.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of radar wind measurement technology, and more specifically, to a wind speed inversion method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] The relevant technology enables atmospheric wind field detection by precisely calibrating the frequency response function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the wind-measuring lidar system. The frequency response function represents the functional relationship between the ratio of signal intensity received by different channels of the frequency discriminator in the wind-measuring lidar system and the Doppler frequency shift.

[0003] However, the frequency response function used in the related technologies is susceptible to environmental factors and the quality of the echo signal, resulting in low accuracy of the frequency response function. This leads to systematic errors in the inversion algorithm used in the related technologies, resulting in low accuracy of the wind speed obtained through inversion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a wind speed inversion method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a wind speed inversion method is provided, comprising: statistically analyzing the number of photon signals corresponding to multiple time periods within a predetermined time period based on the arrival times of multiple photon signals within a predetermined time period corresponding to scattered light at a single-photon detector in a detection system, obtaining multiple photon counts, and statistically analyzing the probability distribution of the multiple photon counts to obtain a probability distribution curve, wherein the scattered light is obtained by Rayleigh scattering caused by the interaction of laser light emitted by a laser in the detection system with atmospheric molecules; normalizing multiple transmittances obtained based on a transmittance function and multiple predetermined frequencies to obtain multiple normalized transmittances, and determining a transmittance curve based on the multiple predetermined frequencies and multiple normalized transmittances, wherein... The transmittance function is obtained based on the transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system, the spectral function of the laser, and the atmospheric Rayleigh-Brillouin backscattering spectrum. The mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency is determined based on the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve and the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve. Here, unit photon count is the number of photons spaced between adjacent predetermined photon counts corresponding to the probability distribution curve, and unit frequency is the frequency spaced between adjacent predetermined frequencies corresponding to the transmittance curve. Based on the probability distribution curve and the mapping relationship, the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curves corresponding to each of the multiple predetermined photon counts is determined. The radial wind speed is inverted based on the multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances, and the center frequency of the laser.

[0006] According to another aspect of this application, a wind speed inversion device is provided, comprising: a obtaining module, configured to count the number of photon signals corresponding to multiple time periods within a predetermined time period based on the arrival times of multiple photon signals within a predetermined time period corresponding to scattered light at a single photon detector in a detection system, thereby obtaining multiple photon counts, and performing probability distribution statistics on the multiple photon counts to obtain a probability distribution curve, wherein the scattered light is obtained by Rayleigh scattering caused by the interaction of laser light emitted by a laser in the detection system with atmospheric molecules; and a first determining module, configured to normalize multiple transmittances obtained according to a transmittance function and multiple predetermined frequencies to obtain multiple normalized transmittances, and determine a transmittance curve based on the multiple predetermined frequencies and multiple normalized transmittances, wherein the transmittance... The first module is derived from the transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system, the spectral function of the laser, and the atmospheric Rayleigh-Brillouin backscattering spectrum. The second module determines the mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency based on the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve and the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve. Here, unit photon count is the number of photons spaced between adjacent predetermined photon counts corresponding to the probability distribution curve, and unit frequency is the frequency spaced between adjacent predetermined frequencies corresponding to the transmittance curve. The third module determines the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each of the multiple predetermined photon counts based on the probability distribution curve and the mapping relationship. The inversion module inverts the radial wind speed based on multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances, and the center frequency of the laser.

[0007] According to another aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; and a memory for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method described above.

[0008] According to another aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores executable instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the methods described above.

[0009] According to another aspect of this application, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0010] According to embodiments of this application, by statistically analyzing the number of photon signals corresponding to multiple time periods within a predetermined time period based on the arrival times of multiple photon signals in the single-photon detector of the detection system within a predetermined time period corresponding to the scattered light, multiple photon counts are obtained. A probability distribution curve is obtained by statistically analyzing the probability distribution of these multiple photon counts. Multiple transmittances obtained from a transmittance function and multiple predetermined frequencies are normalized to obtain multiple normalized transmittances. A transmittance curve is determined based on the multiple predetermined frequencies and multiple normalized transmittances. The mapping relationship between a unit photon count and a unit frequency is determined based on the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve and the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve. This allows for the establishment of a correspondence between the probability distribution curve and the transmittance curve related to the photon count based on the mapping relationship. Subsequently, without pre-calibrating the frequency response function of the frequency discriminator, the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each of the multiple predetermined photon counts can be directly and accurately determined based on the probability distribution curve and the mapping relationship. Furthermore, the radial wind speed can be accurately inverted based on the multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances, and the center frequency of the laser. This application does not rely on the precise value of the frequency response function of the frequency discriminator, fundamentally reducing the impact of calibration error on wind speed inversion and improving the accuracy of radial wind speed inversion. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become clearer from the following description of embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 An exemplary system architecture for applying the wind speed inversion method according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0013] Figure 2 A flowchart of a wind speed inversion method according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0014] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a detection system according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0015] Figure 4 A block diagram of a wind speed inversion device according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0016] Figure 5 A block diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing a wind speed inversion method according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be implemented without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of this application.

[0018] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0019] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0020] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B and C", they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B, a system having A and C, a system having B and C, and / or a system having A, B and C, etc.).

[0021] After accurately calibrating the frequency response function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the wind-measuring lidar system, the relevant technology uses the frequency discriminator in the wind-measuring lidar system to record the signal strength received from different channels during actual wind speed measurement. Then, based on the predefined intensity relationship between the signal strengths received from different channels, combined with the frequency response function, the Doppler frequency shift is obtained, and the wind speed is inverted based on the Doppler frequency shift and the laser frequency.

[0022] For example, in the related technology, the first channel of the frequency discriminator records a first signal strength of I1, and the second channel records a second signal strength of I2. Subsequently, based on the first signal strength I1 and the second signal strength I2, the intensity ratio R = I1 / I2 or the intensity ratio R = (I1-I2) / (I1+I2) can be calculated. Then, the intensity ratio R is substituted into the frequency response function to obtain the Doppler frequency shift, and the wind speed is inverted based on the Doppler frequency shift and the laser frequency.

[0023] However, the frequency response function used in these technologies is susceptible to factors such as temperature (e.g., temperature drift in the discriminator cavity), pressure, mechanical vibration, and mirror aging, resulting in low accuracy. This, in turn, leads to systematic errors in the inversion algorithm used in these technologies, resulting in low accuracy of the retrieved wind speed. Furthermore, the calculation of the frequency response function based on sparse echo signals obtained from single-photon detectors also increases inversion uncertainty, especially under high-altitude or long-distance detection conditions, further reducing the accuracy of wind speed inversion.

[0024] In view of this, this application provides a wind speed inversion method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium and program product, which can be applied to the field of radar wind measurement technology.

[0025] This application provides a wind speed inversion method, comprising: statistically analyzing the number of photon signals corresponding to multiple time periods within a predetermined time period based on the arrival times of multiple photon signals within a predetermined time period corresponding to scattered light in a single-photon detector in a detection system, obtaining multiple photon counts, and statistically analyzing the probability distribution of the multiple photon counts to obtain a probability distribution curve, wherein the scattered light is obtained by Rayleigh scattering caused by the interaction of laser emitted by a laser in the detection system with atmospheric molecules; normalizing multiple transmittances obtained based on a transmittance function and multiple predetermined frequencies to obtain multiple normalized transmittances, and determining a transmittance curve based on the multiple predetermined frequencies and multiple normalized transmittances, wherein the transmittance curve is determined by the transmission curve. The transmittance function is obtained based on the transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system, the spectral function of the laser, and the atmospheric Rayleigh-Brillouin backscattering spectrum. The mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency is determined based on the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve and the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve. Here, unit photon count is the number of photons spaced between adjacent predetermined photon counts corresponding to the probability distribution curve, and unit frequency is the frequency spaced between adjacent predetermined frequencies corresponding to the transmittance curve. Based on the probability distribution curve and the mapping relationship, the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curves corresponding to each of the multiple predetermined photon counts is determined. The radial wind speed is inverted based on the multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances, and the center frequency of the laser.

[0026] Figure 1 An exemplary system architecture for applying the wind speed inversion method according to embodiments of this application is shown. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The examples shown are merely examples of system architectures that can be applied to the embodiments of this application, in order to help those skilled in the art understand the technical content of this application, but do not mean that the embodiments of this application cannot be used in other devices, systems, environments or scenarios.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, the system architecture 100 according to this embodiment may include a first terminal device 101, a second terminal device 102, a third terminal device 103, a network 104, and a server 105. The network 104 serves as a medium for providing communication links between the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, the third terminal device 103, and the server 105. The network 104 may include various connection types, such as wired and / or wireless communication links, etc.

[0028] Users can use the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, and the third terminal device 103 to interact with the server 105 via the network 104 to receive or send messages, etc. Various communication client applications can be installed on the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, and the third terminal device 103, such as shopping applications, web browser applications, search applications, instant messaging tools, email clients, and / or social media platform software, etc. (for example only).

[0029] The first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, and the third terminal device 103 can be various electronic devices with displays and support web browsing, including but not limited to smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers.

[0030] Server 105 can be a server that provides various services, such as a backend management server that supports websites browsed by users using the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, and the third terminal device 103 (this is just an example). The backend management server can analyze and process data such as received user requests, and feed back the processing results (such as web pages, information, or data obtained or generated according to user requests) to the terminal devices.

[0031] It should be noted that the wind speed inversion method provided in this application embodiment can generally be executed by server 105. Correspondingly, the wind speed inversion device provided in this application embodiment can generally be located in server 105. The wind speed inversion method provided in this application embodiment can also be executed by a server or server cluster that is different from server 105 and capable of communicating with the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, the third terminal device 103, and / or server 105. Correspondingly, the wind speed inversion device provided in this application embodiment can also be located in a server or server cluster that is different from server 105 and capable of communicating with the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, the third terminal device 103, and / or server 105. Alternatively, the wind speed inversion method provided in this application embodiment can also be executed by the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, or the third terminal device 103, or it can be executed by other terminal devices that are different from the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, or the third terminal device 103. Accordingly, the wind speed inversion device provided in this application embodiment can also be installed in the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102 or the third terminal device 103, or in other terminal devices different from the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102 or the third terminal device 103.

[0032] It should be understood that Figure 1 The number of terminal devices, networks, and servers shown is merely illustrative. Depending on implementation needs, any number of terminal devices, networks, and servers can be included.

[0033] Figure 2 A flowchart of a wind speed inversion method according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the wind speed inversion method in this embodiment includes operations S201 to S205.

[0035] In operation S201, based on the arrival times of multiple photon signals within a predetermined time period corresponding to the scattered light at the single-photon detector in the detection system, the number of photon signals corresponding to each of the multiple time periods within the predetermined time period is statistically analyzed to obtain multiple photon counts. The probability distribution curves are then obtained from the probability distribution of these multiple photon counts. The scattered light is obtained by Rayleigh scattering caused by the interaction of laser light emitted by the laser in the detection system with atmospheric molecules.

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a detection system according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0037] like Figure 3 The detection system shown may include a laser, an optical telescope, a frequency discriminator, a single-photon detector, and a time-to-digital converter.

[0038] The laser can be a high-power pulsed single-frequency Nd:YAG laser. Nd (neodymium) is the dopant ion in the laser, and YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) is the matrix crystal in the laser.

[0039] The laser can operate at 1064nm, 532nm, and 355nm, and can therefore emit laser beams of 1064nm, 532nm, and 355nm into the atmosphere. During the propagation of the laser, atmospheric molecules interact with the laser, causing Rayleigh scattering. The backscattered light is received by an optical telescope and guided to a frequency discriminator via a spatial optical path or fiber optic coupling. The photon signals after passing through the frequency discriminator are collected by a single-photon detector, and a time-to-digital converter records the arrival time t1, t2, ..., t of each photon signal at the single-photon detector. M Where M is any time number, and M is an integer greater than 2. The single-photon detector receives the analog signal corresponding to the photon signal. The time-to-digital converter identifies whether the analog signal corresponding to the photon signal is a true single-photon analog signal; if so, it records the time when the corresponding photon signal arrives at the single-photon detector. Figure 3 The synchronization signal in the system enables the laser, single-photon detector, and time-to-digital converter to start working simultaneously.

[0040] Single-photon detectors can be implemented using photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (APDs), or superconducting nanowires.

[0041] The frequency discriminator can be a Fabry-Perot (FP) etalon, a Fizeau interferometer, a Michelson interferometer, or a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, etc. Therefore, the detection system can be a direct wind lidar system capable of remote sensing of atmospheric wind fields using frequency discriminators such as FP etalons, Fizeau interferometers, Michelson interferometers, and Mach-Zehnder interferometers, along with single-photon detection technology.

[0042] According to an embodiment of this application, when the distance resolution of the detection system is ΔR, a predetermined duration can be extracted from the time data of the photon signal arriving at the single-photon detector. The time data is processed, where c is the speed of light. For example, the time data of the predetermined duration can be further divided into N segments, then the time length corresponding to each segment is... The total number of time data points within each of the N segments is counted, thereby enabling the counting of the total number of photon signals arriving within each segment (i.e., the number of photons), denoted as . , where i = 1, 2…N, and i is the number of any time period.

[0043] The maximum photon count can then be calculated for multiple photon counts corresponding to multiple time periods. Then in units of photon number To establish a statistical interval, probability distribution statistics are performed on multiple photon counts to obtain a discretized initial probability distribution function related to the photon signal density. , where, with the initial probability distribution function The corresponding curve is the initial probability distribution curve. The horizontal axis of the initial probability distribution curve represents the predetermined number of photons, and the vertical axis represents the initial probability corresponding to the predetermined number of photons. The total number of photons to be predetermined. It can be an integer greater than or equal to 100. Predetermined number of photons. The value can be , j=1,2…k0, where j is the number of any predetermined number of photons.

[0044] Then, the multiple initial probabilities on the initial probability distribution curve are normalized using formula (1) to obtain the probability distribution function. The curve corresponding to the probability distribution function is the probability distribution curve, where the horizontal axis represents the predetermined number of photons and the vertical axis represents the probability corresponding to that predetermined number of photons.

[0045] (1).

[0046] In operation S202, multiple transmittance values ​​obtained from the transmittance function and multiple predetermined frequencies are normalized to obtain multiple normalized transmittance values. Then, a transmittance curve is determined based on the multiple predetermined frequencies and multiple normalized transmittance values. The transmittance function is obtained based on the transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system, the laser's spectral function, and the atmospheric Rayleigh-Brillouin backscattering spectrum.

[0047] According to an embodiment of this application, the transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system is the transmittance function of the frequency discriminator itself.

[0048] For example, the initial transmittance function can be expressed as the convolution of the transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system, the spectral function of the laser, and the atmospheric Rayleigh-Brillouin backscattering spectrum, as shown in Equation (2).

[0049] (2);

[0050] in, Let be the initial transmittance function. The transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system. This is the spectral function of the laser. This is the atmospheric Rayleigh-Brillouin backscattering spectrum. The frequency of the laser.

[0051] Transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system The frequency can be measured in the laboratory using a narrow-linewidth, single-frequency continuous laser source. (Laser spectral function) The backscattering spectrum of the Rayleigh-Brillouin laser emitted by the laser used can be obtained by performing a Fourier transform (FFT) on the time-domain waveform. This can be provided by the Tenti-S6 model (Tenti's S6 kinetic model). The input parameters temperature and pressure used in the Tenti-S6 model can be obtained from temperature detection devices such as thermometers and pressure detection devices such as pressure gauges, respectively. Other input parameters used in the Tenti-S6 model can be selected according to the actual situation, and will not be elaborated here.

[0052] Then at unit frequency Given the frequency step size, the initial transmittance function is calculated using formula (2). At the predetermined frequency Transmittance at the point ,in, The unit frequency is k, which is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and k is the number of any predetermined frequency, for example, k=1,2…5000.

[0053] Subsequently, the transmittance at multiple predetermined frequencies is normalized using formula (3) to obtain the transmittance function. The curve corresponding to the transmittance function is the transmittance curve, and the horizontal axis of the transmittance curve represents the predetermined frequency. The vertical axis represents the normalized transmittance corresponding to the predetermined frequency.

[0054] (3).

[0055] In operation S203, the mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency is determined based on the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the transmittance curve and the FWHM of the probability distribution curve. Here, unit photon count is the number of photons spaced between adjacent predetermined photon counts corresponding to the probability distribution curve, and unit frequency is the frequency spaced between adjacent predetermined frequencies corresponding to the transmittance curve.

[0056] According to embodiments of this application, the mapping relationship between unit photon number and unit frequency can be determined based on an equation obtained from the half-width at half maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve and the WHM of the probability distribution curve.

[0057] According to embodiments of this application, each predetermined number of photons is a multiple of the unit number of photons, and each target frequency is a multiple of the unit frequency. Therefore, after obtaining the mapping relationship between the unit number of photons and the unit frequency, the mapping relationship between any predetermined number of photons and any target frequency can be obtained.

[0058] In operation S204, the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each of the multiple predetermined photon numbers is determined based on the probability distribution curve and mapping relationship.

[0059] For example, the probability corresponding to each predetermined number of photons in the probability distribution curve can be determined as the target transmittance at the target frequency corresponding to each predetermined number of photons.

[0060] According to embodiments of this application, the core idea of ​​this application is: the photon signal received by the detection system, in addition to satisfying its associated transmittance function... Furthermore, its statistical regularity should also follow the basic physical law that high transmittance results in high photon density, and low transmittance results in low photon density, that is, it should satisfy the probability distribution function. Therefore, the transmittance function and probability distribution function Essentially, they should be the same linear shape. Therefore, a probability distribution function related to photon density in the time domain can be established. With transmittance function in the frequency domain The mapping relationship between them. Specifically, the transmittance function in the frequency domain. This reflects the probability distribution of transmittance in the frequency domain. Furthermore, the probability corresponding to each predetermined number of photons in the probability distribution curve can be equal to the target transmittance at the target frequency corresponding to each predetermined number of photons.

[0061] According to embodiments of this application, the wind speed inversion method provided can construct a mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency based on the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the transmittance curve and the FWHM of the probability distribution curve. This allows the construction of a mapping relationship between the probability distribution curve and the transmittance curve using the mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency. Furthermore, it enables the construction of the transmittance curve using the statistical information of the photon signal arrival time, i.e., the probability distribution curve. This allows for the direct reconstruction of the spectral probability distribution (i.e., transmittance curve) of the photon signal passing through the frequency discriminator through statistical analysis, without the need for pre-calibrating the frequency response function of the discriminator.

[0062] In operation S205, radial wind speed is inverted based on multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances, and the center frequency of the laser.

[0063] For example, the radial wind speed can be inverted by using the weighted sum of the transmittance of multiple targets to sum the frequencies of multiple targets and the center frequency of the laser.

[0064] According to embodiments of this application, by statistically analyzing the number of photon signals corresponding to multiple time periods within a predetermined time period based on the arrival times of multiple photon signals in the single-photon detector of the detection system within a predetermined time period corresponding to the scattered light, multiple photon counts are obtained. A probability distribution curve is obtained by statistically analyzing the probability distribution of these multiple photon counts. Multiple transmittances obtained from a transmittance function and multiple predetermined frequencies are normalized to obtain multiple normalized transmittances. A transmittance curve is determined based on the multiple predetermined frequencies and multiple normalized transmittances. The mapping relationship between a unit photon count and a unit frequency is determined based on the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve and the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve. This allows for the establishment of a correspondence between the probability distribution curve and the transmittance curve related to the photon count based on the mapping relationship. Subsequently, without pre-calibrating the frequency response function of the frequency discriminator, the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each of the multiple predetermined photon counts can be directly and accurately determined based on the probability distribution curve and the mapping relationship. Furthermore, the radial wind speed can be accurately inverted based on the multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances, and the center frequency of the laser. This application does not rely on the precise value of the frequency response function of the frequency discriminator, fundamentally reducing the impact of calibration error on wind speed inversion and improving the accuracy of radial wind speed inversion.

[0065] According to an embodiment of this application, the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve is calculated as follows: The maximum normalized transmittance among multiple normalized transmittances is determined; if the maximum normalized transmittance, corresponding to a first predetermined frequency among adjacent predetermined frequencies, is less than or equal to a predetermined multiple of the maximum normalized transmittance, and the maximum normalized transmittance, corresponding to a second predetermined frequency among adjacent predetermined frequencies, is greater than or equal to a predetermined multiple of the maximum normalized transmittance, the first predetermined frequency is determined as the predetermined frequency corresponding to one half-width position of the transmittance curve, wherein the second predetermined frequency is greater than the first predetermined frequency, and both the first and second predetermined frequencies are... The frequency is an integer multiple of the unit frequency. If the normalized transmittance corresponding to the third predetermined frequency in the transmittance curve is greater than or equal to the maximum normalized transmittance by a predetermined multiple, and the normalized transmittance corresponding to the fourth predetermined frequency in the adjacent predetermined frequencies is less than or equal to the maximum normalized transmittance by a predetermined multiple, then the third predetermined frequency is determined as the predetermined frequency corresponding to the half-width position on the other side of the transmittance curve, wherein the fourth predetermined frequency is greater than the third predetermined frequency, and both the third and fourth predetermined frequencies are integer multiples of the unit frequency. The half-width of the transmittance curve is determined based on the first and third predetermined frequencies.

[0066] For example, the predetermined multiple can be 0.5.

[0067] For example, the maximum normalized transmittance among multiple normalized transmittance values ​​can be denoted as: Find the two normalized transmittance values ​​corresponding to each set of adjacent predetermined frequencies in the transmittance curve, and ensure that both normalized transmittance values ​​simultaneously satisfy... and In the case of the first predetermined frequency The predetermined frequency is determined to correspond to the left half-maximum position of the transmittance curve. Similarly, when both normalized transmittances simultaneously satisfy... and In the case of the third predetermined frequency The predetermined frequency was determined to correspond to the right half-maximum position of the transmittance curve. Among them, For the first predetermined frequency, This represents the normalized transmittance corresponding to the first predetermined frequency among adjacent predetermined frequencies in the transmittance curve. For the second predetermined frequency, It is the normalized transmittance corresponding to the second predetermined frequency in the adjacent predetermined frequency range in the transmittance curve. For the third predetermined frequency, This represents the normalized transmittance corresponding to the third predetermined frequency among adjacent predetermined frequencies in the transmittance curve. For the fourth predetermined frequency, Let be the normalized transmittance corresponding to the fourth predetermined frequency among adjacent predetermined frequencies in the transmittance curve. Then, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the transmittance curve is... .

[0068] According to an embodiment of this application, the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve is calculated as follows: The maximum probability among the multiple probabilities corresponding to multiple predetermined photon numbers in the probability distribution curve is determined; when the maximum probability corresponding to the first predetermined photon number among adjacent predetermined photon numbers is less than or equal to a predetermined multiple, and the maximum probability corresponding to the second predetermined photon number among adjacent predetermined photon numbers is greater than or equal to a predetermined multiple, the first predetermined photon number is determined as the predetermined photon number corresponding to one half-width position of the probability distribution curve, wherein the second predetermined photon number is greater than the first predetermined photon number, and the first predetermined photon number and the second predetermined photon number... The number of photons is always an integer multiple of the number of unit photons. In the probability distribution curve, if the probability corresponding to the third predetermined photon number among adjacent predetermined photon numbers is greater than or equal to the maximum probability of a predetermined multiple, and the probability corresponding to the fourth predetermined photon number among adjacent predetermined photon numbers is less than or equal to the maximum probability of a predetermined multiple, the third predetermined photon number is determined as the predetermined photon number corresponding to the half-height position on the other side of the probability distribution curve. The fourth predetermined photon number is greater than the third predetermined photon number, and both the third and fourth predetermined photon numbers are integer multiples of the number of unit photons. The half-height width of the probability distribution curve is determined based on the first and third predetermined photon numbers.

[0069] According to embodiments of this application, the method for calculating the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve can refer to the method for calculating the WHM of the transmittance curve described above. The resulting WHM of the transmittance curve can be expressed as... ,in, For the first predetermined number of photons, , For the third pre-selected photon, .

[0070] According to embodiments of this application, for example, Figure 2 The operation S203 shown, which determines the mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency based on the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve and the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve, may include the following operations: calculating a first ratio and a second ratio between the first predetermined frequency and the third predetermined frequency corresponding to the two WHM positions of the transmittance curve and the unit frequency, respectively, wherein the second ratio is greater than the first ratio; calculating a third ratio and a fourth ratio between the first predetermined photon count and the third predetermined photon count corresponding to the two WHM positions of the probability distribution curve and the unit photon count, respectively, wherein the fourth ratio is greater than the third ratio; and determining the mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency based on the equation obtained by the half-width at half-maximum of the transmittance curve determined based on the first ratio, the second ratio, and the unit frequency, and the half-width at half-maximum of the probability distribution curve determined based on the third ratio, the fourth ratio, and the unit photon count.

[0071] According to an embodiment of this application, the first ratio between the first predetermined frequency and the unit frequency is equal to the number of the first predetermined frequency. The second ratio between the third predetermined frequency and the unit frequency is equal to the number of the second predetermined frequency. The third ratio between the first predetermined number of photons and the unit number of photons is equal to the number of the first predetermined number of photons. The fourth ratio between the third predetermined photon number and the unit photon number is equal to the number of the third predetermined photon number. .

[0072] For example, the half-width at half maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve can be obtained according to formula (4), and the half-width at half maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve can be obtained according to formula (5). The mapping relationship between unit photon number and unit frequency can be constructed according to formulas (4) to (6).

[0073] (4);

[0074] (5);

[0075] (6).

[0076] Substituting equations (4) and (5) into equation (6), we obtain the mapping relationship between unit photon number and unit frequency shown in equation (7). Therefore, the discrete probability distribution function can be... Convert to Among them, the predetermined number of photons The corresponding target frequency is .

[0077] (7).

[0078] According to embodiments of this application, for example, Figure 2 The operation S204 shown, which determines the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each of the multiple predetermined photon numbers based on the probability distribution curve and the mapping relationship, may include the following operations: for each predetermined photon number, substituting each predetermined photon number into the probability distribution curve to obtain the probability corresponding to each predetermined photon number; determining the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each predetermined photon number based on the mapping relationship, and determining the probability corresponding to each predetermined photon number as the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each predetermined photon number.

[0079] According to embodiments of this application, for example, Figure 2 The operation S205 shown, which inverts radial wind speed based on multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances and the center frequency of the laser, may include the following operations: using multiple target transmittances to perform a weighted summation of multiple target frequencies to obtain the average frequency of multiple photon signals; and inverting radial wind speed based on the average frequency and the center frequency of the laser.

[0080] According to the embodiments of this application, the core of wind speed inversion lies in calculating the center frequency position of the echo signal spectrum, that is, calculating the average frequency of multiple photon signals.

[0081] According to an embodiment of this application, the average frequency of multiple photon signals can be obtained by weighting and summing multiple target frequencies using multiple target transmittances. This may include: for each target frequency, multiplying each target frequency, the target transmittance corresponding to each target frequency, and the target frequency corresponding to a unit number of photons to obtain a weighted frequency corresponding to each target frequency; and summing the multiple weighted frequencies corresponding to multiple target frequencies to obtain the average frequency.

[0082] For example, the average frequency of multiple photon signals can be calculated according to formula (8). .

[0083] (8).

[0084] According to an embodiment of this application, the radial wind speed can be retrieved based on the average frequency and the center frequency of the laser by: calculating a first frequency difference between the average frequency and the center frequency of the laser; and multiplying the speed of light by a normalized frequency difference obtained based on the first frequency difference and the center frequency of the laser to obtain the radial wind speed.

[0085] For example, the radial wind speed can be calculated according to formula (9). .

[0086] (9);

[0087] in, is the center frequency of the laser. This is the first frequency difference. This is the normalized frequency difference.

[0088] According to embodiments of this application, the wind speed inversion method provided by this application can obtain the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve based on the mapping relationship and probability distribution curve between unit photon number and unit frequency, and calculate the Doppler frequency shift based on the target frequency and target transmittance. Therefore, the calculation of the Doppler frequency shift in the wind speed inversion method provided by this application does not rely on the pre-calibrated frequency response function of the frequency discriminator, thus effectively avoiding algorithmic errors caused by calibrating the frequency response function of a traditional frequency discriminator, making it more suitable for high-altitude and remote sparse photon scenarios. The wind speed inversion method provided by this application combines a high-repetition-frequency pulsed laser with a high-time-resolution single-photon detector, and can still accumulate sufficient statistics in sparse echo or remote detection scenarios. Therefore, the wind speed inversion method provided by this application has higher accuracy in retrieving radial wind speed compared to wind speed inversion methods used in related technologies.

[0089] According to embodiments of this application, the wind speed inversion method provided by this application directly constructs a spectral probability distribution (i.e., a transmittance curve) by statistically mapping the arrival time of photon signals. This method does not rely on the precise value of the frequency response function of the frequency discriminator, fundamentally reducing the impact of calibration errors on wind speed inversion. This feature significantly improves the stability and reliability of the wind speed inversion method under long-term operation or complex environments.

[0090] According to embodiments of this application, the wind speed inversion method provided herein can accurately calculate the Doppler frequency shift by statistically mapping the arrival time of photon signals, thereby inverting the radial wind speed. Even if the number of echoes, i.e., photon signals, is limited, a reliable estimate can be obtained through long-term accumulation. The wind speed is directly inverted through spectral center shift, no longer relying on traditional iterative fitting methods, thus significantly reducing numerical approximation errors and improving inversion accuracy, especially under high-altitude or long-distance measurement conditions, where it has unparalleled advantages.

[0091] According to the embodiments of this application, the wind speed inversion method provided by this application is not only applicable to ground, airborne and spaceborne wind lidar systems, but can also be extended to other lidar systems that rely on spectral inversion, providing a high-precision, continuous and reliable wind speed observation means for atmospheric science research (such as boundary layer turbulence and aerosol dynamics).

[0092] According to the embodiments of this application, the wind speed inversion method provided by this application does not rely on the frequency response function of a pre-calibrated frequency discriminator. Instead, it directly obtains the spectral probability distribution (i.e., the transmittance curve) by statistically mapping the arrival time of the photon signal. Then, it inverts the radial wind speed based on the target frequency and target transmittance in the transmittance curve. This wind speed inversion method has important application value in the field of direct wind measurement lidar.

[0093] Figure 4 A block diagram of a wind speed inversion device according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0094] like Figure 4 As shown, the wind speed inversion device 400 includes a obtaining module 410, a first determining module 420, a second determining module 430, a third determining module 440, and an inversion module 450.

[0095] Module 410 is used to count the number of photon signals corresponding to each time period within a predetermined time period based on the arrival times of multiple photon signals within the single-photon detector in the detection system corresponding to the scattered light, thereby obtaining multiple photon counts. The module then performs probability distribution statistics on these multiple photon counts to obtain a probability distribution curve. The scattered light is obtained by Rayleigh scattering caused by the interaction of laser light emitted by the laser in the detection system with atmospheric molecules.

[0096] The first determining module 420 is used to normalize multiple transmittances obtained from the transmittance function and multiple predetermined frequencies to obtain multiple normalized transmittances, and to determine a transmittance curve based on the multiple predetermined frequencies and multiple normalized transmittances. The transmittance function is obtained based on the transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system, the spectral function of the laser, and the atmospheric Rayleigh-Brillouin backscattering spectrum.

[0097] The second determining module 430 is used to determine the mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency based on the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the transmittance curve and the FWHM of the probability distribution curve. Here, unit photon count is the number of photons spaced between adjacent predetermined photon counts corresponding to the probability distribution curve, and unit frequency is the frequency spaced between adjacent predetermined frequencies corresponding to the transmittance curve.

[0098] The third determining module 440 is used to determine the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each of the multiple predetermined photon numbers, based on the probability distribution curve and the mapping relationship.

[0099] Inversion module 450 is used to invert radial wind speed based on multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances and the center frequency of the laser.

[0100] Any one or more of the modules, submodules, units, and subunits according to the embodiments of this application, or at least part of the functions of any one or more of them, can be implemented in one module. Any one or more of the modules, submodules, units, and subunits according to the embodiments of this application can be implemented by dividing them into multiple modules. Any one or more of the modules, submodules, units, and subunits according to the embodiments of this application can be at least partially implemented as hardware circuits, such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic arrays (PLAs), systems-on-a-chip, systems-on-a-substrate, systems-on-package, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or implemented by hardware or firmware in any other reasonable manner by integrating or packaging circuits, or implemented in any one of software, hardware, and firmware, or in a suitable combination of any of these. Alternatively, one or more of the modules, submodules, units, and subunits according to the embodiments of this application can be at least partially implemented as computer program modules, which, when run, can perform corresponding functions.

[0101] It should be noted that the wind speed inversion device part in the embodiments of this application corresponds to the wind speed inversion method part in the embodiments of this application. For a detailed description of the wind speed inversion device part, please refer to the wind speed inversion method part, which will not be repeated here.

[0102] Figure 5 A block diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing a wind speed inversion method according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 5 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0103] like Figure 5As shown, an electronic device 500 according to an embodiment of this application includes a processor 501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in ROM 502 or a program loaded from storage portion 508 into RAM 503. The processor 501 may include, for example, a general-purpose microprocessor (e.g., a CPU), an instruction set processor and / or an associated chipset and / or a special-purpose microprocessor (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), etc. The processor 501 may also include onboard memory for caching purposes. The processor 501 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for performing different actions of the method flow according to an embodiment of this application.

[0104] RAM 503 stores various programs and data required for the operation of electronic device 500. Processor 501, ROM 502, and RAM 503 are interconnected via bus 504. Processor 501 executes various operations of the method flow according to embodiments of this application by executing programs in ROM 502 and / or RAM 503. It should be noted that the programs may also be stored in one or more memories other than ROM 502 and RAM 503. Processor 501 may also execute various operations of the method flow according to embodiments of this application by executing programs stored in said one or more memories.

[0105] According to embodiments of this application, the electronic device 500 may further include an input / output (I / O) interface 505, which is also connected to a bus 504. The electronic device 500 may also include one or more of the following components connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 505: an input section 506 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 507 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.; a storage section 508 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 509 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, modem, etc. The communication section 509 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 510 is also connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 505 as needed. A removable medium 511, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on the drive 510 as needed so that computer programs read from it can be installed into the storage section 508 as needed.

[0106] According to embodiments of this application, the method flow according to embodiments of this application can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, embodiments of this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowchart. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 509, and / or installed from removable medium 511. When the computer program is executed by processor 501, it performs the functions defined in the system of embodiments of this application. According to embodiments of this application, the systems, devices, apparatuses, modules, units, etc., described above can be implemented by computer program modules.

[0107] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the device / apparatus / system. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed, implement the method according to the embodiments of this application.

[0108] According to embodiments of this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. Examples include, but are not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0109] For example, according to embodiments of this application, a computer-readable storage medium may include the ROM 502 and / or RAM 503 described above and / or one or more memories other than ROM 502 and RAM 503.

[0110] Embodiments of this application also include a computer program product comprising a computer program containing program code for performing the methods provided in the embodiments of this application. When the computer program product is run on an electronic device, the program code is used to enable the electronic device to implement the methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0111] When the computer program is executed by the processor 501, it performs the functions defined in the system / apparatus of this application embodiment. According to the embodiments of this application, the systems, apparatuses, modules, units, etc., described above can be implemented by computer program modules.

[0112] In one embodiment, the computer program may rely on a tangible storage medium such as an optical storage device or a magnetic storage device. In another embodiment, the computer program may also be transmitted and distributed in the form of signals over a network medium, and may be downloaded and installed via the communication section 509, and / or installed from a removable medium 511. The program code contained in the computer program can be transmitted using any suitable network medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0113] According to embodiments of this application, program code for executing the computer programs provided in the embodiments of this application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. Specifically, these computational programs can be implemented using high-level procedural and / or object-oriented programming languages, and / or assembly / machine languages. Programming languages ​​include, but are not limited to, languages ​​such as Java, C++, Python, "C", or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0114] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations are not explicitly described in this application. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teachings of this application, the features described in the various embodiments of this application can be combined and / or combined in various ways. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this application.

[0115] The embodiments of this application have been described above. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. The scope of this application is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this application, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A wind speed inversion method, characterized in that, include: Based on the arrival times of multiple photon signals within a predetermined time period corresponding to the scattered light in the single-photon detector of the detection system, the number of photon signals corresponding to multiple time periods within the predetermined time period is counted to obtain multiple photon counts, and the probability distribution of multiple photon counts is statistically analyzed to obtain a probability distribution curve. Here, the scattered light is obtained by Rayleigh scattering caused by the interaction of laser emitted by the laser in the detection system with atmospheric molecules. The transmittance obtained from the transmittance function and multiple predetermined frequencies is normalized to obtain multiple normalized transmittance. The transmittance curve is determined based on the multiple predetermined frequencies and multiple normalized transmittance. The transmittance function is obtained based on the transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system, the spectral function of the laser, and the atmospheric Rayleigh-Brillouin backscattering spectrum. Based on the half-width at half maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve and the half-width at half maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve, the mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency is determined, where unit photon count is the number of photons spaced apart from the adjacent predetermined number of photons corresponding to the probability distribution curve, and unit frequency is the frequency spaced apart from the adjacent predetermined frequency corresponding to the transmittance curve. Based on the probability distribution curve and mapping relationship, determine the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each of the multiple predetermined photon numbers; Radial wind speed is inverted based on multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances, and the center frequency of the laser.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of retrieving radial wind speed based on multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances, and the center frequency of the laser includes: The average frequency of multiple photon signals is obtained by weighted summation of the transmittance of multiple targets and the frequencies of multiple targets. The radial wind speed is inverted based on the average frequency and the center frequency of the laser.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of retrieving radial wind speed based on the average frequency and the center frequency of the laser includes: Calculate the first frequency difference between the average frequency and the center frequency of the laser; The radial wind speed is obtained by multiplying the speed of light by the normalized frequency difference, which is based on the first frequency difference and the center frequency of the laser.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of using the transmittance of multiple targets to weighted sum the frequencies of multiple targets to obtain the average frequency of multiple photon signals includes: For each target frequency, multiply each target frequency, the target transmittance corresponding to each target frequency, and the target frequency corresponding to the number of photons per unit to obtain the weighted frequency corresponding to each target frequency; The average frequency is obtained by summing the weighted frequencies corresponding to multiple target frequencies.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the transmittance curve is calculated as follows: Determine the maximum normalized transmittance among multiple normalized transmittance values; In the case where the normalized transmittance corresponding to the first predetermined frequency in the adjacent predetermined frequency in the transmittance curve is less than or equal to the maximum normalized transmittance by a predetermined multiple, and the normalized transmittance corresponding to the second predetermined frequency in the adjacent predetermined frequency is greater than or equal to the maximum normalized transmittance by a predetermined multiple, the first predetermined frequency is determined as the predetermined frequency corresponding to the half-height position on one side of the transmittance curve, wherein the second predetermined frequency is greater than the first predetermined frequency, and both the first predetermined frequency and the second predetermined frequency are integer multiples of the unit frequency. In the case where the normalized transmittance corresponding to the third predetermined frequency in the adjacent predetermined frequency in the transmittance curve is greater than or equal to the maximum normalized transmittance by a predetermined multiple, and the normalized transmittance corresponding to the fourth predetermined frequency in the adjacent predetermined frequency is less than or equal to the maximum normalized transmittance by a predetermined multiple, the third predetermined frequency is determined as the predetermined frequency corresponding to the half-high position on the other side of the transmittance curve, wherein the fourth predetermined frequency is greater than the third predetermined frequency, and both the third predetermined frequency and the fourth predetermined frequency are integer multiples of the unit frequency. The half-width at half maximum (FWHM) of the transmittance curve is determined based on the first predetermined frequency and the third predetermined frequency.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve is calculated as follows: Determine the maximum probability among the multiple probabilities corresponding to multiple predetermined photon numbers in the probability distribution curve; In the case where the probability corresponding to the first predetermined photon number among adjacent predetermined photon numbers in the probability distribution curve is less than or equal to the maximum probability of a predetermined multiple, and the probability corresponding to the second predetermined photon number among adjacent predetermined photon numbers is greater than or equal to the maximum probability of a predetermined multiple, the first predetermined photon number is determined as the predetermined photon number corresponding to the half-height position on one side of the probability distribution curve, wherein the second predetermined photon number is greater than the first predetermined photon number, and both the first predetermined photon number and the second predetermined photon number are integer multiples of the number of unit photons; In the probability distribution curve, if the probability corresponding to the third predetermined photon number among the adjacent predetermined photon numbers is greater than or equal to the maximum probability of a predetermined multiple, and the probability corresponding to the fourth predetermined photon number among the adjacent predetermined photon numbers is less than or equal to the maximum probability of a predetermined multiple, then the third predetermined photon number is determined as the predetermined photon number corresponding to the half-height position on the other side of the probability distribution curve, wherein the fourth predetermined photon number is greater than the third predetermined photon number, and both the third predetermined photon number and the fourth predetermined photon number are integer multiples of the number of unit photons; The half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve is determined based on the first predetermined number of photons and the third predetermined number of photons.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The mapping relationship between unit photon number and unit frequency is determined based on the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve and the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve, including: Calculate the first ratio and the second ratio between the first predetermined frequency and the third predetermined frequency corresponding to the half-height positions on both sides of the transmittance curve and the unit frequency, respectively, wherein the second ratio is greater than the first ratio; Calculate the third and fourth ratios between the first and third predetermined photon numbers and the unit photon number, respectively, corresponding to the half-height positions on both sides of the probability distribution curve, where the fourth ratio is greater than the third ratio; The mapping relationship between unit photon number and unit frequency is determined by the equation obtained from the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve determined based on the first ratio, the second ratio, and the unit frequency, and the half-width at half-maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve determined based on the third ratio, the fourth ratio, and the unit photon number.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the probability distribution curves and mapping relationships, the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curves corresponding to multiple predetermined photon numbers is determined, including: For each predetermined number of photons, substitute each predetermined number of photons into the probability distribution curve to obtain the probability corresponding to each predetermined number of photons; Based on the mapping relationship, the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each predetermined number of photons is determined, and the probability corresponding to each predetermined number of photons is determined as the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each predetermined number of photons.

9. A wind speed inversion device, characterized in that, include: The module is used to count the number of photon signals corresponding to each of the multiple photon signals within a predetermined time period corresponding to the scattered light, based on the arrival time of each of the multiple photon signals in the single-photon detector of the detection system within a predetermined time period, to obtain multiple photon counts, and to perform probability distribution statistics on the multiple photon counts to obtain a probability distribution curve. Here, the scattered light is obtained by Rayleigh scattering caused by the interaction of the laser emitted by the laser in the detection system with atmospheric molecules. The first determining module is used to normalize multiple transmittances obtained from multiple transmittances based on the transmittance function and multiple predetermined frequencies to obtain multiple normalized transmittances, and to determine the transmittance curve based on the multiple predetermined frequencies and multiple normalized transmittances. The transmittance function is obtained based on the transmittance function corresponding to the frequency discriminator in the detection system, the spectral function of the laser, and the atmospheric Rayleigh-Brillouin backscattering spectrum. The second determining module is used to determine the mapping relationship between unit photon count and unit frequency based on the half width at half maximum (WHM) of the transmittance curve and the half width at half maximum (WHM) of the probability distribution curve, wherein the unit photon count is the number of photons spaced apart from the adjacent predetermined number of photons corresponding to the probability distribution curve, and the unit frequency is the frequency spaced apart from the adjacent predetermined frequency corresponding to the transmittance curve. The third determining module is used to determine the target transmittance at the target frequency in the transmittance curve corresponding to each of the multiple predetermined photon numbers, based on the probability distribution curve and the mapping relationship. The inversion module is used to invert radial wind speed based on multiple target frequencies, multiple target transmittances, and the center frequency of the laser.

10. An electronic device, comprising: One or more processors; Memory, used to store one or more programs. The characteristic is that, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium having executable instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, this instruction causes the processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

12. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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