A dam safety monitoring method based on seismic monitoring data driving

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on seismic monitoring data driving dam safety monitoring method, it is related to the technical field of earthquake service, the specific steps of the method are as follows: station network layout, data transmission, event trigger, data correction and evaluation control;The two-stage monitoring network of the application is constructed by building fine dam body monitoring and reservoir area wide area coverage, station time synchronization is realized by using satellite time service, different monitoring scene requirements are adapted, three-dimensional seismic acceleration data acquisition is completed by collocating multi-gear sampling rate, double-link data transmission mechanism is constructed by relying on fiber point-to-point private line and redundant link, data transmission and make-up transmission stability are guaranteed, multiple mode composite trigger mechanism is operated in parallel to identify seismic events, different types of seismic event identification is covered, waveform data is executed two-step standardized correction processing and full-dimensional seismic motion characteristic parameter is extracted, can comprehensively reflect the actual state of seismic motion, provide real and complete basic data support for dam safety analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of earthquake service technology, specifically to a dam safety monitoring method driven by earthquake monitoring data. Background Technology

[0002] As a core infrastructure of water conservancy projects, the safe operation of dams is directly related to the livelihood and ecological stability of the basin. The reservoir area and the surrounding area of ​​the dam are susceptible to natural earthquakes and reservoir-induced earthquakes. Seismic loads can cause potential damage to the dam structure. Accurately controlling the safety status of dams under seismic action is a key link in the operation and management of water conservancy projects. In the current field of dam safety management, it is urgent to combine seismic monitoring data with structural safety control to form a full-process safety monitoring technology path adapted to dam scenarios.

[0003] However, existing earthquake monitoring technologies for dams have some shortcomings. Monitoring stations are mostly scattered and isolated, failing to form a coordinated monitoring network between the dam body and the reservoir area. Station time synchronization is poor, data transmission relies on a single link which is prone to interruption and loss, earthquake event triggering modes are singular, leading to missed and false detections, waveform data correction processes are not standardized, and comprehensive seismic motion characteristic parameters cannot be extracted. Furthermore, a quantitative assessment model of earthquake response tailored to the dam structure has not been constructed, early warning classification lacks a unified basis, and a full-cycle earthquake service system has not been formed. Data cannot be correlated and traced, making it difficult to achieve precise earthquake data-driven management and control of dam safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a dam safety monitoring method driven by seismic monitoring data. This invention constructs a two-level monitoring network that combines refined dam body monitoring with wide-area reservoir coverage. It uses satellite time synchronization to achieve station time synchronization, adapting to different monitoring scenarios. It uses multiple sampling rates to complete the acquisition of three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data. It relies on a dual-link data transmission mechanism built with fiber optic point-to-point dedicated lines and redundant links to ensure stable data transmission and retransmission. It uses a parallel multi-mode composite triggering mechanism to identify seismic events, covering the identification of different types of seismic events. It performs two-step standardization correction processing on waveform data and extracts full-dimensional ground motion characteristic parameters, which can comprehensively reflect the actual state of ground motion and provide real and complete basic data support for dam safety analysis.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dam safety monitoring method driven by seismic monitoring data, the specific steps of which are as follows: Network deployment: Three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations and communication aggregation stations are deployed along the geological points of the dam body, dam shoulders and reservoir area. The three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations are synchronized with time via satellite time service and a multi-sampling rate parallel mode is adopted to collect three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data of the dam body and reservoir area. Data transmission: Data transmission between the three-way integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations, communication aggregation stations, and monitoring center is carried out through an optical fiber communication network. A dual-link mechanism is used for uploading and retransmitting three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data, and a hardware and software platform is deployed at the monitoring center. Event Triggering: The monitoring center receives three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data in real time, obtains continuous waveform data, and uses a multi-mode composite triggering mechanism to trigger earthquake events in the reservoir area. Complete continuous waveform data of the earthquake event is extracted, and phase picking, source location and magnitude parameter determination are performed. Then, the continuous waveform data is preprocessed to obtain the earthquake event waveform file. Data correction: For the waveform files of earthquake events, a two-step standardization correction process is performed to obtain the corrected acceleration records. The corresponding velocity time history and displacement time history are generated. Seismic motion characteristic parameters are extracted in batch processing to determine the instrument's seismic intensity parameters and generate a strong earthquake observation report. Assessment and Control: Based on the extracted seismic motion characteristic parameters, combined with the dam's seismic fortification parameters and the dynamic characteristics of the dam structure, a quantitative assessment model for the safety of the dam's seismic response is constructed, outputting the dam's safety status level and the probability of structural damage risk; a graded early warning mechanism is activated to push out corresponding level early warning information and handling suggestions, thus constructing a full-cycle earthquake service system.

[0006] Furthermore, in the deployment of the monitoring network, refined monitoring points for the dam body are set up along the dam body axis and the dam abutment section, and wide-area coverage points for the reservoir area are set up along the geological fault zones and potential seismic source areas. Three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations are installed at all deployment points, and a communication aggregation station is set up in the communication room in the management area behind the dam to construct a two-level monitoring network of refined dam body monitoring and wide-area coverage of the reservoir area. Then, a single Beidou timing unit is configured for all three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations to achieve nanosecond-level time synchronization. Furthermore, a multi-sampling rate parallel mode is set up for the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations, with three sets of parallel sampling rate levels, corresponding to three scenarios: daily continuous monitoring, earthquake event triggering, and equipment self-test calibration, to simultaneously collect three-dimensional seismic acceleration data of the dam body and the reservoir area in the horizontal east-west direction, horizontal north-south direction, and vertical direction.

[0007] Furthermore, in the data transmission, the optical fiber communication network adopts a point-to-point leased line transmission architecture. The three-way integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations and the communication aggregation station are directly connected by single-mode optical fiber, and the communication aggregation station and the monitoring center are networked using redundant optical fiber links. The dual-link mechanism is a dual-link architecture with low-latency real-time data streams and FTP backup transmission. The monitoring center deploys a hardware and software platform to build a monitoring system for the operation status of the monitoring network, collects the operating parameters of the three-way integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations, the transmission status of the communication links, and the load data of the monitoring center's hardware and software platform in real time, and receives the three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data uploaded by the three-way integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations.

[0008] Furthermore, during the event triggering process, the monitoring center receives real-time three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data uploaded by the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations, obtains continuous waveform data, and runs a multi-mode composite triggering mechanism consisting of STA / LTA triggering mode, level triggering mode, and timed triggering mode in parallel. Triggering conditions are determined according to amplitude thresholds and duration thresholds. The amplitude threshold is determined based on the acceleration amplitude threshold corresponding to the dam's seismic fortification, the range and minimum resolution of the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations, and the duration threshold is determined based on the duration of historical earthquake events in the reservoir area and the statistical regularity of seismic activity in the same region. When any triggering mode meets the triggering conditions, an earthquake event in the reservoir area is triggered, and continuous waves of three-dimensional ground motion acceleration within a set time range before and after the earthquake event are extracted. The system automatically picks up the first arrival phase of the P-wave in the continuous waveform data, and then acquires the arrival time data of the first arrival phase from at least three integrated strong-motion monitoring stations in the three directions. Based on the arrival time difference of the phases between different integrated strong-motion monitoring stations in the three directions, and combined with the layout coordinates and the seismic wave propagation velocity of the reservoir strata, the spatial coordinates of the seismic source are located. The magnitude parameter is determined based on the waveform amplitude and period data, and the corresponding time interval and the integrated strong-motion monitoring station number of the seismic event are marked simultaneously. When preprocessing the continuous waveform data, after removing the mean, glitch, and bad path, the data is standardized and converted to a standardized format to obtain a standardized seismic event waveform file. Then, the data is classified, stored, and indexed. The index fields include the time of occurrence of the seismic event, the corresponding integrated strong-motion monitoring station number in the three directions, and the magnitude parameter.

[0009] Furthermore, in the data correction process, for the earthquake event waveform file, baseline correction is performed first, followed by instrument frequency response correction. After processing, the corrected acceleration record is obtained. Baseline correction corrects baseline drift in continuous waveform data, while instrument frequency response correction corrects the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of the waveform data based on the built-in instrument response function of the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring station. A first-order time-domain integration is performed on the corrected acceleration record to generate a velocity time history, and a second-order time-domain integration is performed on the generated velocity time history to generate a displacement time history. The effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration (PGA) is calculated using the formula for effective PGA. Then, based on the corrected acceleration record, velocity time history, and displacement time history, full-dimensional ground motion characteristic parameters, including PGA and peak velocity, are extracted simultaneously in batch processing. The system collects and analyzes the following parameters: peak velocity, peak displacement, dominant frequency, duration, response spectrum, and Fourier spectrum. Peak acceleration is determined based on the extreme values ​​of the corrected acceleration records and the effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration. Peak velocity is determined based on the extreme values ​​of the velocity time history, and peak displacement is determined based on the extreme values ​​of the displacement time history. Dominant frequency, duration, response spectrum, and Fourier spectrum are determined based on the spectral characteristics of the corrected acceleration records. All seismic motion characteristic parameters correspond to the waveform files of associated seismic events and the corresponding numbers of the three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations. Based on the effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity, combined with the correlation between historical strong earthquake monitoring data and seismic damage intensity for the same dam type and region, the instrumental seismic intensity parameters are determined. After integrating all seismic motion characteristic parameters with the instrumental seismic intensity parameters, a standardized strong earthquake observation report is generated.

[0010] Furthermore, in the data correction, the formula for the effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration is: ,in, represents the effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration, and represents a component of the characteristic parameters of ground motion. The total number of sampling points for the corrected acceleration record is determined by the sampling rate of the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring station and the duration of the earthquake event waveform. The first in the corrected acceleration record The acceleration amplitude at each sampling point For the first The time history weighting coefficients corresponding to each sampling point are determined based on historical strong earthquake monitoring data of the same dam type.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned assessment and control, based on the extracted seismic motion characteristic parameters, combined with the dam's own structural design parameters to determine the dam's seismic fortification parameters and the dam's structural dynamic characteristics, a quantitative assessment model for the dam's seismic response safety is constructed. The dam's seismic response is quantified using a weighted amplification coefficient formula. Based on the quantification results, the dam's safety status is divided into four levels, and the probability of structural damage risk is output. Corresponding early warning information and response suggestions are matched. The four-level early warning mechanism is matched using a quantitative grading formula for the dam's seismic safety status. The corresponding intervals between the four early warning levels and the dam's safety status quantification values ​​are determined based on historical strong earthquake damage data for the same dam type. The matched early warning information and response suggestions are simultaneously pushed to the dam operation unit, constructing a full-cycle earthquake service system. During routine operation, the system outputs network operation reports and reservoir area seismic activity analysis reports at fixed intervals. After an earthquake event occurs, it activates a tiered emergency response service corresponding to the warning level, outputting earthquake rapid reports and special assessment reports within a preset timeframe, which is determined based on the emergency management requirements for dams of the same type. During long-term operation, it conducts reservoir-induced seismic activity analysis and dam area seismic hazard analysis services based on accumulated historical monitoring data, forming a closed-loop service system encompassing monitoring, analysis, assessment, response, and optimization. All outputs from the full-cycle earthquake service system are then correlated one-to-one with the corresponding three-dimensional seismic acceleration continuous waveform data, earthquake event waveform files, seismic motion characteristic parameters, and dam safety status data, completing the unified archiving and traceability management of the entire data process.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned assessment and control, the formula for the weighted amplification factor of the dam body's seismic response is: ,in, This is the weighted amplification factor for the seismic response of the dam body. The correction factor for the dynamic characteristics of the dam structure is determined based on the dam's own structural design parameters and historical strong earthquake monitoring data of the same dam type. The total number of monitoring points for the three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations deployed on the dam body. For the first The weighting coefficients for each monitoring point are determined based on the importance of that monitoring point in the dam structure. For the first Effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration corresponding to each monitoring point on the dam body. The effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration corresponding to the free field monitoring point of the dam foundation.

[0013] Furthermore, in the aforementioned assessment and control, the formula for quantitatively classifying the seismic safety status of the dam is as follows: ,in, To quantify the seismic safety status of the dam, when When, it is a Level 1 warning; when At that time, it was a Level II warning; when At that time, it is a level three warning; when At that time, it was a level four warning. This is the weighted amplification factor for the seismic response of the dam body. The effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration corresponding to the free-field monitoring point of the dam foundation. The acceleration amplitude threshold corresponding to the seismic design of the dam is determined based on the dam's own structural design parameters. The resonance risk correction factor for the dam body is determined based on the matching degree between the natural frequency of the dam structure and the seismic frequency. It is set to 0 when there is no resonance risk.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this dam safety monitoring method based on seismic monitoring data has the following advantages: I. This invention constructs a two-level monitoring network that combines refined monitoring of the dam body with wide-area coverage of the reservoir area. It uses satellite time synchronization to achieve station time synchronization, adapting to the needs of different monitoring scenarios. It also uses multiple sampling rates to complete the acquisition of three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data. Relying on fiber optic point-to-point dedicated lines and redundant links, it builds a dual-link data transmission mechanism to ensure stable data transmission and retransmission. It uses a parallel multi-mode composite triggering mechanism to identify seismic events, covering the identification of different types of seismic events. It performs two-step standardization correction processing on waveform data and extracts full-dimensional ground motion characteristic parameters, which can comprehensively reflect the actual state of ground motion and provide real and complete basic data support for dam safety analysis.

[0015] II. This invention constructs a quantitative assessment model for seismic response by combining dam seismic fortification parameters and structural dynamic characteristics. Based on quantitative calculations, it completes the classification of dam safety status levels and the matching of early warning levels, and establishes a full-cycle seismic service system covering daily operation and maintenance, emergency response, and long-term analysis. All monitoring data, assessment results, and service outputs are linked, archived, and traceable. The assessment model is tailored to the dam's own structural characteristics to complete the quantitative determination of safety status, and the early warning matching method corresponds to the dam's emergency response needs. The full-cycle service system connects all aspects of the dam's life cycle management, and the data association and archiving achieve full traceability of the monitoring process. It deeply integrates seismic monitoring data with dam safety management and control, forming a complete closed-loop monitoring and control model.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart of a dam safety monitoring method driven by seismic monitoring data; Figure 2 This is a framework diagram for data correction in a dam safety monitoring method driven by seismic monitoring data; Figure 3 This is a framework diagram for assessment and control in a dam safety monitoring method driven by seismic monitoring data. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0020] Example: In the actual engineering scenario of a large-scale water conservancy hub concrete gravity dam, the dam is located in the area where geological fault zones are distributed in the reservoir area. The dam area in the field has the characteristics of no mains power supply, frequent thunderstorms, and complex terrain conditions.

[0021] Network Deployment: Addressing the challenges of a large dam structure spanning a wide reservoir area with complex geological conditions, refined monitoring points were deployed along the dam's axis and abutment sections. Wide-area coverage points were established along geological fault zones and potential seismic source areas within the reservoir. Three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations were installed at all deployed points. A communication aggregation station was added to the communication equipment room within the dam's downstream management area, constructing a two-tiered monitoring network combining refined dam monitoring and wide-area reservoir coverage. This ensures comprehensive seismic monitoring coverage of the dam's critical structures and the entire reservoir area. Each three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring station was equipped with a single BeiDou timing unit to complete the data acquisition process. Second-level time synchronization ensures complete consistency of data acquisition time reference across all stations. Simultaneous configuration includes dual backup power supply units, lightning protection units, and IP67 protected enclosures, perfectly adapting to harsh operating conditions in outdoor dam areas with no mains power, frequent lightning strikes, and alternating high and low temperatures, guaranteeing long-term stable operation of the stations. Furthermore, a multi-sampling rate parallel mode is set up for the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring station, configuring three sets of parallel sampling rate levels to adapt to three types of working scenarios: daily continuous monitoring, earthquake event triggering, and equipment self-calibration. It collects three-dimensional seismic acceleration data of the dam body and reservoir area in three orthogonal directions: east-west horizontally, north-south horizontally, and vertically. Figure 1As shown, this ensures the accuracy and adaptability of data collection in different monitoring scenarios.

[0022] Data Transmission: Considering the complex engineering characteristics of the dam's intricate network of corridors and the reservoir area's communication environment, a data transmission channel is established between the three-way integrated strong-motion monitoring stations, the communication aggregation station, and the monitoring center via a fiber optic communication network. The fiber optic network employs a point-to-point dedicated line transmission architecture. The three-way integrated strong-motion monitoring stations and the communication aggregation station are directly connected via single-mode fiber optic cables, while the communication aggregation station and the monitoring center use redundant fiber optic links to completely avoid data transmission interruptions caused by single-link failures. A dual-link mechanism combining low-latency real-time data streaming and FTP backup transmission is adopted to complete the real-time uploading of 3D seismic acceleration data and automatic retransmission after communication interruption recovery, preventing data loss. The monitoring center deploys a dedicated hardware and software platform to establish a network operation status monitoring system. It collects real-time operating parameters of the three-way integrated strong-motion monitoring stations, the transmission status of communication links, and the load data of the monitoring center's hardware and software platform. It continuously and stably receives all 3D seismic acceleration data uploaded by the three-way integrated strong-motion monitoring stations, ensuring stable, delay-free, and lossless data transmission throughout the entire process.

[0023] Event Triggering: The monitoring center receives real-time 3D ground motion acceleration data uploaded by the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations. The continuously collected data is organized into continuous waveform data according to the time series. Addressing the monitoring needs of the reservoir area—where micro-seismic and weak earthquakes are easily missed, and strong earthquakes require rapid response—a multi-mode composite triggering mechanism is implemented in parallel, consisting of STA / LTA triggering mode, level triggering mode, and timed triggering mode. Triggering conditions are determined according to preset amplitude and duration thresholds. The amplitude threshold is determined based on the acceleration amplitude threshold corresponding to the dam's seismic design, the range and minimum resolution of the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations, and the duration threshold is determined based on the duration of historical earthquake events in the reservoir area and the statistical patterns of seismic activity in the same region, effectively reducing the probability of false triggering. When any triggering mode meets the triggering conditions, the earthquake event in the reservoir area is immediately triggered, and the 3D ground motion acceleration data within a set time range before and after the earthquake event is extracted. Continuing with the waveform data, the system automatically picks up the first arrival phase of the P-wave in the continuous waveform, acquiring arrival time data of the first arrival phase from at least three integrated strong-motion monitoring stations in the three directions. Based on the arrival time difference between the phases of different integrated strong-motion monitoring stations in the three directions, and combined with the station layout coordinates and the seismic wave propagation velocity of the reservoir strata, the spatial coordinates of the seismic source are located. The magnitude parameters are determined based on the waveform amplitude and period data. The corresponding time interval and the integrated strong-motion monitoring station number of the seismic event are simultaneously marked. The continuous waveform data is then preprocessed by removing the mean, removing spikes, and eliminating bad channels to eliminate interference errors in the data. After completion, a standardized format conversion is performed to obtain standardized seismic event waveform files. The seismic event waveform files are classified, stored, and indexed. The index fields include the seismic event occurrence time, the corresponding integrated strong-motion monitoring station number in the three directions, and the magnitude parameters, facilitating rapid retrieval and verification of subsequent data.

[0024] Data correction: For seismic event waveform files, baseline correction and instrument frequency response correction are performed sequentially, such as... Figure 2 As shown, baseline correction processing is used to correct baseline drift caused by equipment interference in continuous waveform data. Instrument frequency response correction processing, based on the built-in instrument response function of the three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring station, corrects the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of the waveform data, eliminates the measurement errors of the equipment itself, and obtains accurate corrected acceleration records after processing. A first time-domain integration is performed on the corrected acceleration records to generate velocity time histories, and a second time-domain integration is performed on the generated velocity time histories to generate displacement time histories. The effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration (PGA) is calculated using the formula for effective amplitude of PGA. The formula for effective amplitude of PGA is: ,in, represents the effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration, and represents a component of the characteristic parameters of ground motion. The total number of sampling points for the corrected acceleration record is determined by the sampling rate of the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring station and the duration of the earthquake event waveform. The first in the corrected acceleration record The acceleration amplitude at each sampling point For the first The time history weighting coefficients corresponding to each sampling point are determined based on historical strong earthquake monitoring data of the same dam type. Then, based on the corrected acceleration records, velocity time histories, and displacement time histories, full-dimensional seismic motion characteristic parameters are extracted simultaneously in batch processing, including peak ground acceleration, peak velocity, peak displacement, dominant frequency, duration, response spectrum, and Fourier spectrum. Among them, peak ground acceleration is determined based on the extreme values ​​of the corrected acceleration records and the effective amplitude of the ground motion peak ground acceleration; peak velocity is determined based on the extreme values ​​of the velocity time histories; peak displacement is determined based on the extreme values ​​of the displacement time histories; dominant frequency, duration, response spectrum, and Fourier spectrum are determined based on the spectral characteristics of the corrected acceleration records. All ground motion characteristic parameters are associated and bound with the earthquake event waveform file and the corresponding three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring station number. Then, based on the effective amplitude of the ground motion peak ground acceleration and the ground motion peak velocity, combined with the correspondence between historical strong earthquake monitoring data of the same dam type and region and earthquake damage intensity, the instrument seismic intensity parameters are determined. After integrating all ground motion characteristic parameters and instrument seismic intensity parameters, a standardized strong earthquake observation report is generated, providing complete data support for subsequent safety assessments.

[0025] Assessment and Control: Based on the extracted seismic motion characteristic parameters, combined with the dam's own structural design parameters to determine the dam's seismic fortification parameters and the dam's structural dynamic characteristics, a quantitative assessment model for the dam's seismic response safety is constructed, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the quantification of the dam's seismic response is achieved using the weighted amplification factor formula. The weighted amplification factor formula for the dam's seismic response is as follows: ,in, This is the weighted amplification factor for the seismic response of the dam body. The correction factor for the dynamic characteristics of the dam structure is determined based on the dam's own structural design parameters and historical strong earthquake monitoring data of the same dam type. The total number of monitoring points for the three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations deployed on the dam body. For the first The weighting coefficients for each monitoring point are determined based on the importance of that monitoring point in the dam structure. For the first Effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration corresponding to each monitoring point on the dam body. This refers to the effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration (PGA) at the free-field monitoring points of the dam foundation; it accurately reflects the structural response state of the dam body under seismic action. Based on the quantitative processing results, it completes the classification of the dam's safety status into four levels and outputs the probability of structural damage risk, matching the corresponding level of early warning information and disposal suggestions. The level matching of the four-level early warning mechanism is completed through the quantitative grading formula for the dam's seismic safety status. The quantitative grading formula for the dam's seismic safety status is as follows: ,in, To quantify the seismic safety status of the dam, when When, it is a Level 1 warning; when At that time, it was a Level II warning; when At that time, it is a level three warning; when At that time, it was a level four warning. This is the weighted amplification factor for the seismic response of the dam body. The effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration corresponding to the free-field monitoring point of the dam foundation. The acceleration amplitude threshold corresponding to the seismic design of the dam is determined based on the dam's own structural design parameters. The dam resonance risk correction factor is determined based on the matching degree between the natural frequency of the dam structure and the seismic frequency, and is set to 0 when there is no resonance risk. The corresponding intervals between the four warning levels and the quantitative values ​​of the dam safety status are determined based on historical strong earthquake damage data of the same dam type. The matched warning information and disposal suggestions are simultaneously pushed to the dam operation unit. Among them, the first warning corresponds to maintaining normal monitoring and inspection work, the second warning corresponds to increasing the inspection frequency of key parts such as the dam crest and corridors, the third warning corresponds to activating the emergency preparedness plan and ensuring that all emergency duty personnel are in place, and the fourth warning corresponds to activating the emergency response procedure and immediately carrying out dam structure inspections. A comprehensive safety inspection is conducted to establish a full-cycle earthquake service system. During routine operation, network operation reports and reservoir area seismic activity analysis reports are output periodically to provide data references for daily maintenance. After an earthquake event, a tiered emergency response service corresponding to the warning level is activated, and earthquake rapid reports and special assessment reports are output within a preset timeframe, determined based on the emergency management requirements for dams of the same type. During long-term operation, reservoir-induced seismic activity analysis and dam area seismic hazard analysis services are conducted based on accumulated historical monitoring data, forming a closed-loop service system encompassing monitoring, analysis, assessment, response, and optimization. All outputs of the full-cycle earthquake service system are correlated one-to-one with the corresponding 3D seismic acceleration continuous waveform data, earthquake event waveform files, seismic motion characteristic parameters, and dam safety status data, achieving unified archiving and traceability management of the entire data process, and realizing full traceability and verifiability of dam earthquake safety monitoring.

[0026] In summary, through the design of the entire process of network deployment, data transmission, event triggering, data correction, and assessment and control, a complete dam seismic safety monitoring system has been constructed. This system achieves accurate acquisition of seismic motion data, rapid identification of seismic events, complete extraction of seismic motion characteristic parameters across all dimensions, and closed-loop control of quantitative assessment of dam safety status and graded early warning response. By optimizing the adaptability of technology to complex on-site dam conditions, the system effectively eliminates equipment measurement errors and false triggering issues, clarifies the technical logic and implementation path of each link, and deeply integrates seismic monitoring, data processing, safety assessment, and early warning response. This provides stable, reliable, and traceable full-cycle monitoring support for dam seismic safety, effectively ensuring the long-term safe and stable operation of the dam.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dam safety monitoring method driven by seismic monitoring data, characterized in that, The specific steps of this method are as follows: Network deployment: Three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations and communication aggregation stations are deployed along the geological points of the dam body, dam shoulders and reservoir area. The three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations are synchronized with time via satellite time service and a multi-sampling rate parallel mode is adopted to collect three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data of the dam body and reservoir area. Data transmission: Data transmission between the three-way integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations, communication aggregation stations, and monitoring center is carried out through an optical fiber communication network. A dual-link mechanism is used for uploading and retransmitting three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data, and a hardware and software platform is deployed at the monitoring center. Event Triggering: The monitoring center receives three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data in real time, obtains continuous waveform data, and uses a multi-mode composite triggering mechanism to trigger earthquake events in the reservoir area. Complete continuous waveform data of the earthquake event is extracted, and phase picking, source location and magnitude parameter determination are performed. Then, the continuous waveform data is preprocessed to obtain the earthquake event waveform file. Data correction: For the waveform files of earthquake events, a two-step standardization correction process is performed to obtain the corrected acceleration records. The corresponding velocity time history and displacement time history are generated. Seismic motion characteristic parameters are extracted in batch processing to determine the instrument's seismic intensity parameters and generate a strong earthquake observation report. Assessment and control: Based on the extracted seismic motion characteristic parameters, combined with the dam seismic fortification parameters and the dynamic characteristics of the dam structure, a quantitative assessment model for the safety of the dam's seismic response is constructed, and the dam safety status level and the probability of structural damage risk are output. A tiered early warning mechanism was activated to push out corresponding level of early warning information and handling suggestions, thus building a full-cycle earthquake service system.

2. The dam safety monitoring method based on seismic monitoring data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the deployment of the monitoring network, detailed monitoring points for the dam body are set up along the dam body axis and the dam abutment section, while wide-area coverage points for the reservoir area are set up along the geological fault zones and potential seismic source areas. Three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations are installed at all deployment points, and a communication aggregation station is set up in the communication room in the management area behind the dam to construct a two-level monitoring network of detailed dam body monitoring and wide-area coverage of the reservoir area. Then, a single Beidou time synchronization unit is configured for all three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations to achieve nanosecond-level time synchronization. Furthermore, a multi-sampling rate parallel mode is set up for the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations, with three sets of parallel sampling rate levels set up to correspond to three scenarios: daily continuous monitoring, earthquake event triggering, and equipment self-test calibration. Simultaneously, three-dimensional seismic acceleration data of the dam body and the reservoir area in the horizontal east-west direction, horizontal north-south direction, and vertical direction are collected.

3. The dam safety monitoring method based on seismic monitoring data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the data transmission, the optical fiber communication network adopts a point-to-point leased line transmission architecture. The three-way integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations and the communication aggregation station are directly connected by single-mode optical fiber, and the communication aggregation station and the monitoring center are connected by redundant optical fiber links. The dual-link mechanism is a dual-link architecture with low-latency real-time data stream and FTP backup transmission. The monitoring center deploys a hardware and software platform to build a monitoring system for the operation status of the monitoring network, collects the operating parameters of the three-way integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations, the transmission status of the communication links, and the load data of the monitoring center's hardware and software platform in real time, and receives the three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data uploaded by the three-way integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations.

4. The dam safety monitoring method based on seismic monitoring data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, During the event triggering process, the monitoring center receives real-time three-dimensional ground motion acceleration data uploaded by the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations, obtains continuous waveform data, and runs a multi-mode composite triggering mechanism consisting of STA / LTA triggering mode, level triggering mode, and timed triggering mode in parallel. Triggering conditions are determined according to amplitude and duration thresholds. When any triggering mode meets the triggering conditions, the reservoir area earthquake event is triggered. Continuous waveform data of three-dimensional ground motion acceleration within a set time range before and after the earthquake event is extracted. The first arrival phase of the P-wave in the continuous waveform is identified to complete automatic phase acquisition. Then, data from ≥3 three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations are acquired. The arrival time data of the first-arrival phase is used to locate the spatial coordinates of the seismic source based on the time difference between the phases of the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring stations, combined with the deployment coordinates and the seismic wave propagation velocity of the reservoir strata. The magnitude parameters are determined based on the waveform amplitude and period data, and the corresponding time interval and the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring station number are marked simultaneously. When preprocessing the continuous waveform data, after removing the mean, glitch, and bad path, the data is standardized and converted to a standardized format to obtain a standardized seismic event waveform file. Then, it is classified, stored, and indexed. The index fields include the time of occurrence of the seismic event, the corresponding three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring station number, and the magnitude parameter.

5. The dam safety monitoring method based on seismic monitoring data driven according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the data correction process, for the earthquake event waveform file, baseline correction is first performed, followed by instrument frequency response correction, resulting in corrected acceleration records. The corrected acceleration records are then integrated in the time domain to generate velocity time histories, and integrated again in the time domain to generate displacement time histories. The effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration (PGA) is calculated using the formula for effective amplitude of PGA. Based on the corrected acceleration records, velocity time histories, and displacement time histories, full-dimensional ground motion characteristic parameters are extracted simultaneously in batch processing, including peak ground acceleration, peak velocity, peak displacement, dominant frequency, duration, response spectrum, and Fourier spectrum. All ground motion characteristic parameters correspond to the associated earthquake event waveform file and the corresponding three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring station number. Based on the effective amplitude of PGA and peak velocity, combined with the correlation between historical strong earthquake monitoring data and seismic intensity for the same dam type and region, the instrument seismic intensity parameters are determined. After integrating all ground motion characteristic parameters with the instrument seismic intensity parameters, a standardized strong earthquake observation report is generated.

6. The dam safety monitoring method based on seismic monitoring data as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In the data correction, the formula for the effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration is: ,in, represents the effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration, and represents a component of the characteristic parameters of ground motion. The total number of sampling points for the corrected acceleration record is determined by the sampling rate of the three-dimensional integrated strong-motion monitoring station and the duration of the earthquake event waveform. The first in the corrected acceleration record The acceleration amplitude at each sampling point For the first The time history weighting coefficients corresponding to each sampling point are determined based on historical strong earthquake monitoring data of the same dam type.

7. The dam safety monitoring method based on seismic monitoring data as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned assessment and control process, based on the extracted seismic motion characteristic parameters, combined with the dam's own structural design parameters to determine the dam's seismic fortification parameters and the dam's structural dynamic characteristics, a quantitative assessment model for the dam's seismic response safety is constructed. The dam's seismic response is quantified using a weighted amplification coefficient formula. Based on the quantification results, the dam's safety status is classified into four levels, and the probability of structural damage risk is output. Corresponding early warning information and response recommendations are matched. The four-level graded early warning mechanism is matched using a quantitative grading formula for the dam's seismic safety status. The matched early warning information and response recommendations are simultaneously pushed to the dam's operating unit, constructing a full-cycle earthquake service system. During routine operation, network operation reports and reservoir area seismic activity analysis reports are output at fixed intervals. After an earthquake event occurs, a graded emergency response service corresponding to the early warning level is activated, and earthquake rapid reports and special assessment reports are output within a preset time. During the long-term operation phase, based on the accumulated historical monitoring data, we will carry out reservoir-induced seismic activity analysis and dam area seismic hazard analysis services. Then, we will associate all the output content of the full-cycle seismic service system with the corresponding three-dimensional seismic acceleration continuous waveform data, seismic event waveform files, seismic motion characteristic parameters, and dam safety status data to complete the unified archiving and traceability management of the entire process data.

8. A dam safety monitoring method based on seismic monitoring data driven according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the aforementioned assessment and control, the formula for the weighted amplification factor of the dam's seismic response is: ,in, This is the weighted amplification factor for the seismic response of the dam body. The correction factor for the dynamic characteristics of the dam structure is determined based on the dam's own structural design parameters and historical strong earthquake monitoring data of the same dam type. The total number of monitoring points for the three-dimensional integrated strong earthquake monitoring stations deployed on the dam body. For the first The weighting coefficients for each monitoring point are determined based on the importance of that monitoring point in the dam structure. For the first Effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration corresponding to each monitoring point on the dam body. The effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration corresponding to the free field monitoring point of the dam foundation.

9. A dam safety monitoring method based on seismic monitoring data driven according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the aforementioned assessment and control, the formula for calculating the quantitative classification of the seismic safety status of the dam is as follows: ,in, To quantify the seismic safety status of the dam, when When, it is a Level 1 warning; when At that time, it was a Level II warning; when At that time, it is a level three warning; when At that time, it was a level four warning. This is the weighted amplification factor for the seismic response of the dam body. The effective amplitude of peak ground acceleration corresponding to the free-field monitoring point of the dam foundation. The acceleration amplitude threshold corresponding to the seismic design of the dam is determined based on the dam's own structural design parameters. The resonance risk correction factor for the dam body is determined based on the matching degree between the natural frequency of the dam structure and the seismic frequency. It is set to 0 when there is no resonance risk.

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