Head-up display system and vehicle

Abstract

The head-up display system and the vehicle belong to the technical field of vehicle head-up display. The head-up display system comprises an image generation unit and a diffractive optical waveguide. The image generation unit is used for emitting light. The diffractive optical waveguide comprises a base panel, a coupling-in grating and a plurality of coupling-out gratings. The coupling-in grating and the plurality of coupling-out gratings are arranged on the outer surface of the base panel. The coupling-in grating is used for coupling the light into the interior of the base panel. The interior of the base panel totally reflects the light to the plurality of coupling-out gratings. The plurality of coupling-out gratings are used for coupling the light out to the windshield of the vehicle to form a virtual image with a plurality of different display areas. By arranging the plurality of coupling-out gratings on the base panel, the light coupled out by the plurality of coupling-out gratings can form different display areas at the windshield of the vehicle respectively, and the plurality of different display areas are combined into the entire virtual image.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure pertains to the field of vehicle head-up display technology, and particularly relates to a head-up display system and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the automotive industry, the application of HUD (Head-Up Display) in vehicles is increasing. Among them, AR-HUD (Augmented Reality Head-up Display) is a more advanced generation of HUD. It mainly integrates virtual navigation arrows, obstacle warnings and other information into the real road environment in front, so as to achieve the fusion of virtual and real.

[0003] The current development trend of AR-HUD is to use diffractive waveguides to expand the exit pupil.

[0004] However, considering the yield of large-scale mass production, the size of the diffractive waveguide coupling grating is usually limited, which in turn limits the size of the virtual image formed on the vehicle's windshield. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a head-up display system and vehicle, which can solve the technical problems existing in related technologies. The technical solution is as follows: This disclosure provides a head-up display system, which includes an image generation unit and a diffractive waveguide. The image generation unit is used to emit light; The diffractive waveguide includes a substrate panel, an insertion grating, and multiple output gratings. The insertion grating and multiple output gratings are all arranged on the outer surface of the substrate panel. The insertion grating allows the light to be coupled into the interior of the substrate panel. The interior of the substrate panel totally reflects the light to the multiple output gratings. The multiple output gratings are used to couple the light to the windshield of the vehicle, forming a virtual image with multiple different display areas.

[0006] In some possible implementations, the emission angle of each of the coupled gratings is different.

[0007] In some possible implementations, the plurality of said coupling gratings are arranged in a preset array.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the preset array type is a rectangular array.

[0009] In some possible implementations, adjacent coupling gratings are arranged at intervals.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the coupled grating is a surface relief grating.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the substrate panel has a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other, the coupling grating is arranged on the first surface, a plurality of the coupling out gratings are arranged on the second surface, and the image generation unit is arranged on the side of the first surface opposite to the second surface.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the head-up display system further includes a dimming panel; The dimming plate is arranged on the side of the second surface opposite to the first surface, and is used to correct the light rays exported through the plurality of coupled gratings.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the head-up display system further includes a driver; The driving component is connected to both the base panel and the image generation unit, and is used to drive the base panel and the image generation unit to rotate synchronously.

[0014] This disclosure also provides a vehicle including the head-up display system described above.

[0015] The technical solution provided in this disclosure includes at least the following beneficial effects: The head-up display system disclosed herein arranges multiple coupled-out gratings on a base panel. The light rays coupled out by each of the multiple coupled-out gratings can form different display areas on the windshield of the vehicle. The multiple different display areas are combined to form the entire virtual image. Without increasing the size of a single coupled-out grating to ensure the manufacturing yield of the coupled-out grating, the size of the virtual image can be further expanded.

[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a head-up display system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 This is a top view of a diffractive optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0018] Legend 1. Heads-up display system; 11. Image generation unit; 12. Diffractive waveguide; 121. Substrate panel; 1211. First surface; 1212. Second surface; 122. Coupling grating; 13. Dimming panel; 21. Windshield; 22. Dustproof film.

[0019] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of this disclosure, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of this disclosure to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this disclosure can be combined with each other. This disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] With the continuous evolution of automotive intelligence and electrification technologies, the installation rate and application ratio of HUDs in vehicles are steadily increasing. Among various HUD technologies, AR-HUD is considered the most advanced generation of products currently available. Its core advantage lies in its ability to accurately overlay and integrate critical driving information (such as precise navigation arrows, lane departure warnings, obstacle warnings, and pedestrian recognition markers) into the real road scene in front of the driver in a highly matched manner. This achieves a high degree of synergy and seamless integration between virtual information and the real environment, significantly improving driving safety and interactive experience.

[0023] Currently, among various optical implementation schemes for AR-HUDs, the freeform surface mirror system has become the mainstream choice due to its relatively mature technology, stable imaging quality, and high cost-effectiveness. This scheme is essentially designed based on classical geometric optics principles, strictly adhering to the laws of reflection and refraction of light propagation. Through a carefully designed freeform surface mirror system, a large virtual image can be projected from a relatively long distance, meeting the basic requirements of AR-HUD for imaging distance and field of view. However, within the freeform surface mirror system's technical approach, further increasing the field of view and eyepiece requires measures such as enlarging the mirror area and extending the optical path. This directly impacts the size and weight of the AR-HUD; specifically, increasing the mirror area and extending the optical path necessitates a corresponding increase in the AR-HUD's size and weight. However, vehicles have extremely compact and highly integrated spaces. Increasing the size of the AR-HUD would inevitably compress or even encroach on the reserved space of other systems, or even interfere with other systems. Increasing the weight of the AR-HUD would directly add to the overall vehicle weight. Especially in the field of new energy vehicles, the extra weight would have an adverse effect on the vehicle's acceleration performance, energy consumption level and driving range.

[0024] Therefore, replacing freeform mirror systems with smaller-sized optical solutions is one of the current development trends in AR-HUDs. For example, using optical waveguides to replace freeform mirror systems in AR-HUD construction has become an important development direction. Optical waveguides, based on the principle of total internal reflection, can achieve multiple folds in the optical path and expand the exit pupil within a thinner substrate panel. Compared to freeform mirror systems, they can significantly reduce the overall module size and weight while maintaining a large viewing angle and large eyebox. Diffractive waveguides are one such technology, primarily utilizing the diffraction effect of diffraction gratings to achieve exit pupil expansion. However, diffraction gratings in diffraction waveguides suffer from yield issues with large sizes. Specifically, when increasing the area of ​​a single diffraction grating to support larger virtual image projections, issues such as manufacturing process uniformity, precision control, and defect rate deteriorate drastically, leading to a significant decrease in yield.

[0025] This disclosure provides a head-up display system 1, which includes an image generation unit 11 and a diffractive waveguide 12. The image generation unit 11 is used to emit light. The diffractive waveguide 12 includes a base panel 121, a coupling grating (not shown in the figure), and a plurality of coupling gratings 122. The coupling gratings and the plurality of coupling gratings 122 are all arranged on the outer surface of the base panel 121. The coupling gratings allow light to couple into the interior of the base panel 121, and the interior of the base panel 121 totally reflects the light to the plurality of coupling gratings 122. The plurality of coupling gratings 122 are used to couple the light to the windshield 21 of a vehicle, forming a virtual image with multiple different display areas.

[0026] Specifically, the image generation unit 11 emits light carrying specific image information, which first strikes the coupling grating. The coupling grating couples these rays into the interior of the base panel 121 at a specific angle. The light propagates stably within the base panel 121 through total internal reflection until it reaches the positions of multiple output gratings 122 distributed on the base panel 121. Each output grating 122 couples its corresponding light rays out of the base panel 121 and directs them to the windshield 21 of the vehicle. The light rays coupled out by the multiple output gratings 122 form a relatively clear virtual image on the windshield 21.

[0027] It should be noted that the light rays coupled out of each coupling grating 122 form different display areas at the windshield 21, and the different display areas are combined to form the entire virtual image, thus forming a partitioned virtual image.

[0028] Therefore, the technical solution adopted in this disclosure arranges multiple coupling gratings 122 on the base panel 121. The light rays coupled out by each of the multiple coupling gratings 122 can form different display areas at the windshield 21 of the vehicle. The multiple different display areas are combined to form the entire virtual image. Without increasing the size of a single coupling grating 122 to ensure the yield of the coupling grating 122, the size of the virtual image can be further expanded.

[0029] Each display area can independently present specific types of information related to driving assistance, thereby enabling the information to be categorized and displayed in a way that allows drivers to quickly access the information they need. For example, the first independent display area can be used to present information related to the navigation route, such as intuitive navigation arrows (including but not limited to straight arrows, right turn arrows, left turn arrows, U-turn arrows, etc.) and corresponding text descriptions (such as "straight", "right turn", "left turn", "U-turn", etc.), which allows the driver to quickly obtain route information when the vehicle approaches an intersection, enabling the driver to quickly perform the corresponding operation; the second independent display area can be used to present speed-related information, such as the vehicle's current real-time speed and the maximum or minimum speed limit stipulated for the current road segment, which allows the driver to adjust the vehicle speed in a timely manner to comply with traffic rules and safety requirements; the third independent display area can be used to present various system status indicator lights and their corresponding status prompts, such as seat belt unfastened warning lights, engine malfunction lights, tire pressure abnormality warning lights, and other key vehicle status signals, ensuring that the driver can detect potential safety hazards or system abnormalities at the first time; the fourth independent display area can be used to present information such as lyrics, improving the comfort of the driving process. At the same time, because the lyrics are confined to the current independent display area, they will not interfere with the driver's reading of other key driving information, thus balancing entertainment needs and driving safety. Of course, there can be more independent display areas, which will not be elaborated here.

[0030] Understandably, the light rays coupled out by each coupled grating 122 form multiple different display areas, which can present different driving information in different display areas. This means that different types of driving information are presented in separate zones, which not only ensures that all kinds of information are displayed clearly without obstructing each other, but also allows drivers to quickly locate and obtain different types of information, thus improving the efficiency of driving information utilization.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the diffractive waveguide 12 may also include extended gratings (not shown in the figure), which are respectively arranged on two surfaces opposite to the substrate panel 121 for total internal reflection of light.

[0032] When light undergoes total internal reflection inside the substrate panel 121, the extended grating utilizes the diffraction effect to repeatedly sample and change the direction of the light during the total internal reflection process inside the substrate panel 121, generating multiple propagation paths so that the light can cover all the coupling gratings 122 during subsequent propagation.

[0033] In some possible implementations, the emission angle of each coupling grating 122 is different.

[0034] It is understandable that the driving information contained in the light emitted by the image generation unit 11 can establish a one-to-one mapping relationship with multiple different display areas. The driving information can be displayed in different display areas by using different light emission angles of each coupled grating 122.

[0035] Each coupled grating 122, after precise adjustment, achieves a different light emission angle, thus forming multiple independent and non-overlapping display areas on the vehicle's windshield 21. Each display area corresponds one-to-one with each coupled grating 122. This layout allows different types of driving information, such as real-time speed, navigation routes, and system alerts, to be presented simultaneously in the driver's field of vision without interference, optimizing information reading efficiency and significantly improving driving safety and interactive experience. Furthermore, by adjusting the grating parameters, the brightness, contrast, and position of these display areas can be flexibly adapted to various driving environments, further enhancing practicality and comfort.

[0036] For example, the light emission angle of the coupling grating 122 corresponding to the first independent display area is a first angle. The light emitted by the coupling grating 122 can be used in the first independent display area to present information related to the navigation route, such as intuitive navigation arrows (including but not limited to straight arrows, right turn arrows, left turn arrows, U-turn arrows, etc.) and text descriptions corresponding to the current navigation arrows (such as "straight", "right turn", "left turn", "U-turn", etc.). This allows the driver to quickly obtain route information when the vehicle approaches an intersection, enabling the driver to quickly perform the corresponding operation. The light emission angle of the coupling grating 122 corresponding to the second independent display area is a second angle. The light emitted by the coupling grating 122 can be used in the second independent display area to present speed-related information, such as the vehicle's current real-time speed and the maximum or minimum speed limit specified for the current road segment. This allows the driver to adjust the vehicle speed in a timely manner to comply with traffic rules and safety requirements. The light emission angle of the coupling grating 122 corresponding to the third independent display area is the third angle. The light emitted through the coupling grating 122 can be used in the third independent display area to display various system status indicator lights and their corresponding status prompts, such as the seat belt unfastened warning light, engine malfunction light, and tire pressure abnormality warning light, ensuring that the driver can detect potential safety hazards or system abnormalities at the first time. The light emission angle of the coupling grating 122 corresponding to the fourth independent display area is the fourth angle. The light emitted through the coupling grating 122 can be used in the fourth independent display area to display information such as lyrics, improving the comfort of the driving process. At the same time, because the lyrics are confined to the current independent display area, they will not interfere with the driver's reading of other key driving information, thus balancing entertainment needs and driving safety.

[0037] Alternatively, in some possible implementations, the emission angle range of each coupling grating 122 is different.

[0038] For example, the light emission angle of the coupling grating 122 corresponding to the first independent display area is a first angle range, and the light emitted by the coupling grating 122 can be used to display information related to the navigation path in the first independent display area; the light emission angle of the coupling grating 122 corresponding to the second independent display area is a second angle range, and the light emitted by the coupling grating 122 can be used to display information related to speed in the second independent display area; the light emission angle of the coupling grating 122 corresponding to the third independent display area is a third angle range, and the light emitted by the coupling grating 122 can be used to display various system status indicator lights and their corresponding status prompts in the third independent display area; the light emission angle of the coupling grating 122 corresponding to the fourth independent display area is a fourth angle range, and the light emitted by the coupling grating 122 can be used to display information such as lyrics in the fourth independent display area.

[0039] In some possible implementations, multiple coupling gratings 122 are arranged in a preset array.

[0040] It is understandable that arranging multiple coupled gratings 122 in a preset array can enable multiple different display areas to be arranged in a corresponding preset array, so that the display position can be adjusted according to the importance of driving information.

[0041] By arranging multiple coupled gratings 122 in a pre-defined array, multiple different display areas can be arranged one-to-one according to the same preset array. This design makes the spatial distribution of each display area highly controllable and plannable, allowing for flexible adjustment of their specific display positions in the driver's field of vision based on the importance of various driving information during driving. In this way, more critical information can be prioritized and presented in areas that are easier for the driver to see or that better match the actual road scene ahead, improving the efficiency of information transmission and driving safety, while ensuring the logic and coordination of the overall display system.

[0042] For example, the display area for presenting navigation route-related information can be positioned directly in front of the driver, allowing for quick and easy access and matching the actual road conditions. Secondly, the display area for speed-related information can be placed adjacent to the navigation route-related information area, as can the display area for various system status indicators and their corresponding status prompts, facilitating quicker access to relevant information for the driver. Furthermore, the display area for lyrics and other information can be positioned away from the navigation route-related information area to prevent significant interference with the driver's assessment of current road conditions, while also allowing for easy access to lyrics and other information when driving slowly and without other vehicles ahead.

[0043] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 2 The default array mode is a rectangular array.

[0044] The rectangular array method refers to the arrangement of multiple coupled gratings 122 in multiple rows and columns, thereby forming a virtual image with multiple independent display areas in multiple rows and columns at the windshield 21.

[0045] For example, multiple coupled gratings 122 can be arrayed in a rectangular array of rows and columns. The display area for presenting navigation route-related information can be positioned directly in front of the driver, facilitating quick access and matching the actual road conditions. Secondly, the display area for speed-related information can be positioned to the left of the navigation route-related information display area, and the display area for various system status indicators and their corresponding status prompts can be positioned to the right of the navigation route-related information display area, allowing the driver to quickly obtain relevant information. Furthermore, the display area for lyrics and other information can be positioned further to the right, to the right of the display area for various system status indicators and their corresponding status prompts, to prevent strong interference with the driver's judgment of current road conditions, and also to facilitate the driver's access to lyrics and other information when the vehicle is traveling slowly and there are no vehicles ahead.

[0046] In some possible implementations, adjacent coupling gratings 122 are arranged at intervals.

[0047] In this arrangement, adjacent coupling gratings 122 are spaced apart. This layout effectively ensures that each coupling grating 122 is physically separated from each other, thus giving each adjacent coupling grating 122 a clear and distinct boundary. Because the boundary of each coupling grating 122 is clear, its corresponding display area can be clearly distinguished, avoiding information overlap or blurring at the boundary between two adjacent display areas. This ensures the clarity of the overall display effect and the independence of each display area.

[0048] Alternatively, in some possible implementations, the edges of two adjacent coupling gratings 122 may substantially overlap.

[0049] The edge regions of two adjacent coupling gratings 122 roughly overlap or are closely aligned, which can reduce or even eliminate the physical gap or optical difference between the two adjacent coupling gratings 122. This significantly weakens the boundary lines or dividing marks that may originally exist between the two adjacent display areas in terms of visual or optical imaging effects, making the overall virtual image more coherent and smooth, and improving the user's visual experience.

[0050] In some possible implementations, the gap between two adjacent coupling gratings 122 is filled with a buffer film (not shown in the figure).

[0051] The buffer film has a certain degree of elasticity. When the diffractive waveguide 12 undergoes a slight volume change due to temperature variations, the buffer film can absorb the deformation, preventing adjacent coupling gratings 122 from being squeezed together and damaged.

[0052] In addition, the surface of the buffer film facing away from the substrate panel 121 can be set as corrugated, so that the buffer film can have a certain optical scattering, which can make the transition between adjacent display areas formed by two adjacent coupling gratings smoother.

[0053] In some possible implementations, the coupling grating 122 is a surface relief grating.

[0054] Understandably, when the coupling grating 122 is a surface relief grating, nanoimprinting is typically used to arrange the gratings on the surface of the substrate panel 121 with nanometer-level precision. However, to ensure nanometer-level precision imprinting on the surface of the coupling grating 122, the larger the size of a single coupling grating 122, the higher the probability of defects and precision deviations during the imprinting process, which will directly lead to a decrease in the yield of the coupling grating 122.

[0055] Based on this, the technical solution adopted in this disclosure is to imprint multiple small-sized surface relief gratings on the surface of the base panel 121. The light rays coupled out by each of the multiple surface relief gratings can form different display areas at the windshield 21 of the vehicle. The multiple different display areas are combined to form the entire virtual image, thereby further expanding the size of the virtual image without increasing the size of a single surface relief grating to ensure the yield of the surface relief grating.

[0056] Alternatively, the coupling grating 122 can also be a volume holographic grating, etc., which is not limited here.

[0057] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1 The base panel 121 has a first surface 1211 and a second surface 1212 facing away from each other. The coupling grating is arranged on the first surface 1211, and a plurality of coupling gratings 122 are arranged on the second surface 1212. The image generation unit 11 is arranged on the side of the first surface 1211 away from the second surface 1212.

[0058] Specifically, the image generation unit 11 emits light carrying specific image information toward the first surface 1211. This light first strikes the coupling grating. The coupling grating couples these rays into the interior of the base panel 121 at a specific angle. The light propagates stably within the base panel 121, between the first surface 1211 and the second surface 1212, through total internal reflection, until it reaches the positions of multiple output gratings 122 distributed on the second surface 1212 of the base panel 121. Each output grating 122 couples its corresponding light from the base panel 121 and directs it toward the windshield 21 of the vehicle in a direction away from the first surface 1211. The light coupled from the multiple output gratings 122 forms a relatively clear virtual image on the windshield 21.

[0059] In addition, the input grating and the output grating 122 can be located on both sides of the base panel 121, respectively.

[0060] Alternatively, in some possible implementations, the input grating and the output grating 122 may both be arranged on the second surface 1212, and the image generation unit 11 may be arranged on the side of the second surface 1212 away from the first surface 1211.

[0061] Specifically, the image generation unit 11 emits light carrying specific image information toward the second surface 1212. This light first strikes the coupling grating. The coupling grating couples these rays into the interior of the base panel 121 at a specific angle. The light propagates stably within the base panel 121, between the second surface 1212 and the first surface 1211, through total internal reflection, until it reaches the positions of multiple output gratings 122 distributed on the second surface 1212 of the base panel 121. Each output grating 122 couples its corresponding light from the base panel 121 and directs it toward the windshield 21 of the vehicle in a direction away from the first surface 1211. The light coupled from the multiple output gratings 122 forms a relatively clear virtual image on the windshield 21.

[0062] Both the first surface 1211 and the second surface 1212 can be equipped with extended gratings.

[0063] When light undergoes total internal reflection inside the substrate panel 121 and between the first surface 1211 and the second surface 1212, the extended grating utilizes the diffraction effect to repeatedly sample and change the direction of light during total internal reflection inside the substrate panel 121, generating multiple propagation paths so that the light can cover all the coupling gratings 122 during subsequent propagation.

[0064] In some possible implementations, refer to Figure 1 The head-up display system 1 also includes a dimming plate 13. The dimming plate 13 is arranged on the side of the second surface 1212 opposite to the first surface 1211 and is used to correct the light output through the plurality of coupling gratings 122.

[0065] Specifically, the image generation unit 11 emits light carrying specific image information, which first strikes the coupling grating. The coupling grating couples these rays into the interior of the base panel 121 at a specific angle. The light propagates stably within the base panel 121 through total internal reflection until it reaches the positions of multiple output gratings 122 distributed on the base panel 121. Each output grating 122 couples its corresponding light from the base panel 121 and strikes the dimming plate 13. After being corrected by the dimming plate 13, the light is directed to the vehicle's dustproof film 22 and then to the vehicle's windshield 21. The light emitted from the multiple output gratings 122 forms a relatively clear virtual image on the windshield 21.

[0066] The dimming panel 13 can correct the light, eliminate local over-brightness or under-brightness, and ensure that the brightness of each display area is relatively uniform. In addition, the dimming panel 13 can also prevent sunlight from shining back from the windshield 21 onto the diffraction waveguide 12.

[0067] In some possible implementations, the head-up display system 1 further includes a driver (not shown in the figure). The driver is connected to both the base panel 121 and the image generation unit 11, and is used to drive the base panel 121 and the image generation unit 11 to rotate synchronously.

[0068] For example, when the height of different drivers varies greatly, the drive unit can drive the base panel 121 and the image generation unit 11 to rotate, which can adjust the position of the light shining on the windshield 21, thereby adapting to drivers of different heights.

[0069] In some possible implementations, the image generation unit 11 may be a MICRO-LED (Micro Light-Emitting Diode).

[0070] Understandably, the image generation unit 11 of AR-HUD currently mainly uses TFT-LCD (ThinFilm Transistor-Liquid Crystal Display) and LCOS (LiquidCrystal on Silicon), but TFT-LCD and LCOS are both relatively large in size.

[0071] Based on this, the image generation unit 11 of this disclosure can adopt MICRO-LED, which can significantly reduce the volume ratio of the image generation unit 11, and further reduce the volume of the head-up display system 1 in conjunction with the diffractive waveguide 12.

[0072] This disclosure also provides a vehicle (not shown in the figure) including the head-up display system 1 described above.

[0073] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this disclosure. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms “comprising” and / or “including” are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0074] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this disclosure. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0075] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0076] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0077] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Various modifications and variations can be made to this disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A head-up display system (1), characterized in that, The head-up display system (1) includes an image generation unit (11) and a diffractive waveguide (12). The image generation unit (11) is used to emit light; The diffractive waveguide (12) includes a base panel (121), an insertion grating, and a plurality of extraction gratings (122). The insertion grating and the plurality of extraction gratings (122) are all arranged on the outer surface of the base panel (121). The insertion grating allows the light to be coupled into the interior of the base panel (121). The interior of the base panel (121) totally reflects the light to the plurality of extraction gratings (122). The plurality of extraction gratings (122) are used to couple the light to the windshield of the vehicle to form a virtual image with multiple display areas.

2. The head-up display system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned coupled-out gratings (122) has a different light emission angle.

3. The head-up display system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple coupled-out gratings (122) are arranged in a preset array.

4. The head-up display system (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset array mode is a rectangular array.

5. The head-up display system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two adjacent coupling gratings (122) are arranged at intervals.

6. The head-up display system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupled grating (122) is a surface relief grating.

7. The head-up display system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base panel (121) has a first surface (1211) and a second surface (1212) facing away from each other. The coupling grating is arranged on the first surface (1211), and a plurality of coupling gratings (122) are arranged on the second surface (1212). The image generation unit (11) is arranged on the side of the first surface (1211) facing away from the second surface (1212).

8. The head-up display system (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The head-up display system (1) also includes a dimming panel (13); The dimming plate (13) is arranged on the side of the second surface (1212) away from the first surface (1211) for correcting the light rays derived through the plurality of the coupling gratings (122).

9. The head-up display system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The head-up display system (1) also includes a driver; The driving component is connected to both the base panel (121) and the image generation unit (11), and the driving component is used to drive the base panel (121) and the image generation unit (11) to rotate synchronously.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the head-up display system (1) as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images