Display device and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of head-up display, in particular to a display device and a vehicle. The display device comprises an image source and a turning film. According to the embodiment of the application, the turning film can intervene in the light path and change the light emitting angle, so that the directional deflection and efficient utilization of light are realized in the compact and parallel laminated structure. The angle between the light emitting surface of the image and the preset reference surface of the image source is arranged in the range of [‑30 degrees,‑15 degrees] or [+15 degrees, +50 degrees], so that the stray light generated by the sunlight backflow is effectively prevented from irradiating the preset area, and the image display effect is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of head-up display technology, and more particularly to a display device and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the structure of a head-up display (HUD), to prevent stray light and thermal problems caused by sunlight backflow, the liquid crystal display (LCD) screen is usually not placed parallel to the backlight module; that is, there is an angle between the liquid crystal cell and the backlight module.

[0003] In practical applications, this design method of not placing the LCD cell and backlight module parallel to each other can cause severe cross-segmentation of backlight light, ultimately exacerbating backlight crosstalk. Furthermore, this non-parallel placement also leads to uneven backlight brightness distribution, meaning the image closer to the backlight panel will be brighter, while the image further away will be darker.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a display device that can reduce backlight crosstalk and achieve uniform backlight brightness distribution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a display device and a vehicle to solve the problems of backlight crosstalk and uneven backlight brightness distribution caused by the angle between the liquid crystal cell and the backlight module in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a display device, the display device comprising: an image source

[0007] The image source has a turning film, and there is an angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source and the preset reference surface of the image source. The turning film is parallel to the light-emitting surface so that the light emitted from the image source at the angle can reach the preset area after being turned by the turning film. The angle is in the range of [-30 degrees, -15 degrees] or [+15 degrees, +50 degrees]. With the preset reference surface as a reference, the angle formed by the image source in the clockwise direction is a negative angle, and the angle formed by the image source in the counterclockwise direction is a positive angle.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the number of steering films is determined according to the deflection dimension of the included angle; wherein the deflection dimension is set along at least one midpoint symmetry axis of the preset reference plane, the midpoint symmetry axis being an axis passing through the center of the reference plane and parallel to two sets of opposite sides of the preset reference plane.

[0009] In one possible implementation, if the number of deflection dimensions of the included angle is two, then the number of steering films is two; if the number of deflection dimensions of the included angle is one, then the number of steering films is one.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the included angle is determined based on the range of angles at which sunlight flows back onto the image source.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the image source type includes self-emissive image sources and backlit image sources.

[0012] In one possible implementation, if the image source is a backlight image source, the backlight image source includes a light-emitting unit, a collimating unit, and a liquid crystal cell. The light-emitting surface of the light-emitting unit is parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit. The collimating unit is located between the light-emitting unit and the liquid crystal cell. The steering film is located between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the display device further includes a light-diffusing film located between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell, and the light-diffusing film being parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit and the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal cell. The steering film is located between the collimating unit and the light-diffusing film, or the steering film is located between the light-diffusing film and the liquid crystal cell.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the display device further includes a field lens located between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell, with the light-emitting surface of the field lens parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit and the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal cell; the steering film is located between the collimating unit and the field lens, or the steering film is located between the light-diffusing film and the liquid crystal cell.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the size of the steering film is greater than or equal to the size of the image source.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the steering film is applied to the image source using any one of the following processes: adhesive bonding, vacuum adsorption, and inlay.

[0017] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle including a display device as described in any of the preceding claims. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a HUD provided for related technologies; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source and the preset reference surface provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4a Optical path diagram of a display device provided for related technologies; Figure 4b Optical path diagram of the display device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5a A schematic diagram of a deflection dimension provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 5b A schematic diagram illustrating two deflection dimensions provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6a A schematic diagram of the first collimating unit of the lens structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6b A schematic diagram of the first collimation unit of the reflector cup structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6c A schematic diagram of the first collimation unit of the TIR lens structure provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible display device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8a A schematic diagram of a display device without a steering film provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of a display device with a steering film provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that shown here.

[0021] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive protection. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. The term "multiple" in this application can mean at least two, for example, two, three, or more, and the embodiments of this application do not impose limitations.

[0022] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates exemplary embodiments of this application, including various details to aid understanding. These embodiments should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope of this application. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description. It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, certain existing industry solutions such as software, components, and models may be mentioned. These should be considered exemplary, intended only to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solutions of this application, and do not imply that the applicant has already used or necessarily used such solutions.

[0023] In related technologies, to prevent stray light and thermal problems caused by sunlight backflow, and to ensure that light reaches the designated eye area, the HUD's LCD cell and backlight module are not set parallel to each other; that is, there is an angle between the LCD cell and the backlight module. For example, Figure 1 A structural diagram of a HUD provided for related technologies, such as this Figure 1 As shown, the HUD's LCD cell and backlight module are not arranged parallel to each other. This results in a very large overall structure for the HUD. Furthermore, the tilted layout of the LCD cell causes disordered oblique scattering of light emitted from the backlight module, leading to severe cross-segment light interference and ultimately exacerbating backlight crosstalk. In addition, the non-parallel placement of the LCD cell and backlight module also results in uneven backlight brightness distribution; that is, the image closer to the backlight module in the LCD cell will be brighter, while the image farther away from the backlight module will be darker.

[0024] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a display device and a vehicle that can reduce backlight crosstalk and achieve uniform backlight brightness distribution. The display device includes an image source and a steering film. An angle exists between the light-emitting surface of the image source and a preset reference surface of the image source. The steering film is parallel to the light-emitting surface, so that the emitted light from the image source at the angle can reach a preset area after being redirected by the steering film. The angle is within the range of [-30 degrees, -15 degrees] or [+15 degrees, +50 degrees]. With the preset reference surface as a reference, the angle formed by the image source in a clockwise direction is a negative angle, and the angle formed by the image source in a counterclockwise direction is a positive angle.

[0025] Example 1: Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of this application. The display device 200 includes an image source 210 and a steering film 220. There is an angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and a preset reference surface of the image source 210. The steering film 220 is parallel to the light-emitting surface so that the light emitted from the image source 210 at the angle can reach a preset area after being turned by the steering film 220. The angle is in the range of [-30 degrees, -15 degrees] or [+15 degrees, +50 degrees]. With the preset reference surface as a reference, the angle formed by the image source 210 in the clockwise direction is a negative angle, and the angle formed by the image source 210 in the counterclockwise direction is a positive angle.

[0026] In related technologies, a HUD includes a backlight module and a liquid crystal cell. The backlight module emits light, which, after being reflected by a windshield, reaches a preset area. Furthermore, in these technologies, if the position of the backlight module remains unchanged—that is, if the backlight module is positioned so that the emitted light, after reflection by the windshield, reaches the preset area—and the backlight module and liquid crystal cell are designed as a parallel structure, stray light generated by sunlight backflow will also reach the preset area after reflection by the liquid crystal cell and the windshield, thus affecting the display effect.

[0027] Therefore, to reduce the impact of stray light from sunlight backflow, related technologies design the backlight module and liquid crystal cell in the HUD as a non-parallel structure. That is, without changing the position of the backlight module, the liquid crystal cell is placed in a position that is not parallel to the backlight module. In this case, stray light reflected by the liquid crystal cell will not reach the preset area. However, this non-parallel structure results in an excessively large HUD size.

[0028] Based on this, in order to reduce the size of the HUD and suppress stray light generated by sunlight backflow, the display device in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, an image source 210 and a steering film 220. The image source 210 is the light source of the display device, used to emit light; and there is an angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and a preset reference surface of the image source 210. The steering film 220 can change the light emission angle; therefore, the steering film 220 can be disposed on one side of the light-emitting surface of the image source 210, and the steering film 220 is parallel to the light-emitting surface, so that the image source 210 is located in a position that can eliminate stray light, and the backlight module and liquid crystal cell of the image source 210 have a parallel structure, thereby reducing the size of the display device. That is, there is an angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface of the image source 210.

[0029] The preset reference plane of the image source is the plane where the backlight module is located in the HUD of the relevant technology.

[0030] Specifically, the steering film 220 is set parallel to the image source 210. This means that all the internal units of the display device are parallel to each other, greatly optimizing the utilization of internal space and allowing the device to be made thinner and lighter. Although the layers remain parallel in physical structure, in terms of optical effect, when the light emitted from the image source 210 passes through the steering film 220, the microstructure inside the steering film 220 refracts the light, changing its propagation direction. This ensures that even if the position of the image source 210 is changed, the light emitted from the image source 210 can still accurately cover and reach the area where the eye box is located after being deflected by the steering film 220. In other words, although the display device with the added steering film 220 in this embodiment is smaller in size, its display effect is equivalent to that of a HUD in related technologies.

[0031] It should be noted that the parallelism between the steering film 220 and the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 can be either completely parallel or approximately parallel. This approximately parallelism can be understood as the angle between the plane of the steering film 220 and the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 being less than a preset angle threshold.

[0032] The microstructure of the steering film 220 can be a prism structure, etc. By adjusting the refractive index distribution or microlens array parameters of the steering film 220, the light rays that are originally emitted vertically upward can be deflected at a predetermined angle, so that the light rays can reach the angle that can enter the eye.

[0033] In this embodiment, the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface is within the range of [-30 degrees, -15 degrees] or [+15 degrees, +50 degrees]. When the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface is any angle within the range of [-30 degrees, -15 degrees] or [+15 degrees, +50 degrees], stray light generated by sunlight backflow will not illuminate the area where the eye box is located. Specifically, with reference to the preset reference surface, the angle formed by the image source 210 in a clockwise direction is a negative angle, and the angle formed by the image source 210 in a counterclockwise direction is a positive angle.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the included angle is determined based on the range of angles at which sunlight flows back onto the image source.

[0035] In this embodiment, the range of the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and its preset reference surface can be determined based on the angle range of sunlight backflowing onto the image source 210. For example, based on the angle range of sunlight, a simulation model can be used to simulate the suppression effect of the image source 210 on stray light generated by backflowing sunlight at various angles, thereby determining the selectable range of the angle. Wherein, when the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and its preset reference surface is any angle within this range, the suppression effect of the image source 210 on stray light generated by backflowing sunlight can meet the preset requirements.

[0036] Example, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source and a preset reference plane provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal cell of the image source is a grating structure, which can be a lenticular grating or other types of grating. When the image source is located on a preset reference plane, the grating structure reflects the stray light generated by the backflow of sunlight, thereby causing the stray light to illuminate the area where the human eye is located.

[0037] Based on this, the embodiments of this application set the image source and the preset reference plane in the display device to be in a non-parallel state, that is, there is an angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source and the preset reference plane of the image source, so that stray light formed by sunlight backflow will not illuminate the area where the human eye is after being reflected by the grating structure. Furthermore, since the display device includes a steering film, even if there is an angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source and the preset reference plane of the image source, the steering film can compensate for the optical path offset caused by the angle, so that when there is an angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source and the preset reference plane of the image source, the light emitted by the image source can still reach the area where the human eye is after being deflected by the steering film.

[0038] The angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source and the preset reference surface is within the range of [-30 degrees, -15 degrees] or [+15 degrees, +50 degrees]. Figure 3As shown, with a preset reference plane, the angle formed by the image source rotating clockwise is a negative angle, with a minimum value of -30 degrees and a maximum value of -15 degrees; the angle formed by the image source rotating counterclockwise is a positive angle, with a maximum value of +50 degrees and a minimum value of +15 degrees.

[0039] It should be noted that the specific angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface, whether it is within the range of [-30 degrees, -15 degrees] or [+15 degrees, +50 degrees], needs to be determined by the technical personnel based on the actual application scenario and design requirements.

[0040] Example, Figure 4a Optical path diagrams of display devices provided for related technologies, such as those shown in the figure. Figure 4a As shown, light is emitted from the backlight module and then passes through the liquid crystal cell (LCD); the light emitted from the LCD is reflected by the windshield and then enters the area where the eye box is located. Figure 4b The optical path diagram of the display device provided in the embodiments of this application is as follows. Figure 4b As shown, light is emitted from the backlight module, then changes its propagation direction through the deflection film, and finally exits through the liquid crystal cell (LCD); the light emitted from the liquid crystal cell (LCD) is reflected by the windshield and then enters the area where the eye box is located.

[0041] From the above Figure 4a and Figure 4b As can be seen, the present application embodiment can eliminate the angle between the image source 210 and the liquid crystal cell by adding a steering film 220 to the display device, thereby reducing the size of the display device without changing the propagation path of light.

[0042] In this embodiment, by adding a steering film 220 to the display device, the steering film 220 can be involved in the optical path and change the light emission angle, thereby achieving directional deflection and efficient utilization of light in a compact and parallel stacked structure. Furthermore, by setting the angle between the light emission surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface of the image source 210 within the range of [-30 degrees, -15 degrees] or [+15 degrees, +50 degrees], stray light caused by sunlight backflow is effectively prevented from illuminating the preset area, further improving the image display effect.

[0043] Example 2: To ensure that the light emitted by the display device can accurately enter the area where the eye box is located, and to achieve the goal of preventing backflow, based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the number of the steering film 220 is determined according to the deflection dimension of the included angle; wherein, the deflection dimension is set along at least one mid-axis of symmetry of the preset reference plane, and the mid-axis of symmetry is an axis passing through the center of the reference plane and parallel to two sets of opposite sides of the preset reference plane.

[0044] In this embodiment, the number of steering films 220 in the display device can be one or more. Specifically, the number of steering films 220 is closely related to the deflection dimension of the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference plane of the image source 210. The deflection dimension of the angle is set along at least one bisecting axis of symmetry of the preset reference plane, which is an axis passing through the center of the preset reference plane and parallel to two pairs of opposite sides of the preset reference plane. For example, the preset reference plane can be used as the XY plane of a three-dimensional coordinate system, the center of the preset reference plane as the origin of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the bisecting axis of symmetry as the X-axis (Y-axis), and the straight line perpendicular to the bisecting axis of symmetry and passing through the center of the preset reference plane as the Y-axis (X-axis). Thus, based on the three-dimensional coordinate system, the number of coordinate axes involved in the angle within the three-dimensional coordinate system can be determined, and this number is the deflection dimension of the angle.

[0045] For example, if the included angle is tilted about the X-axis but remains horizontal in the Y-axis direction, then the deflection dimension of the included angle is 1; if the included angle is tilted about the X-axis and also deflected about the Y-axis, then the deflection dimension of the included angle is 2.

[0046] Specifically, the deflection dimension of the angle can be understood as the number of directions in which the light needs to be corrected or redirected. For example, if the light only needs to be corrected or redirected in the vertical direction, it is a single-dimensional deflection; if the light needs to be corrected or redirected in both the vertical and horizontal directions, it is a multi-dimensional deflection. Generally, the more complex the deflection dimension, the more steering films are required.

[0047] In related technologies, to prevent sunlight backflow, it is usually necessary to design a deflection or blocking structure. A common approach is to set the backlight module and the liquid crystal cell in a non-parallel structure. This non-parallel structure of the backlight module and the liquid crystal cell can use geometric relationships to deflect and block the reverse-incident sunlight, preventing it from returning to the light source position along its original path, thus providing a protective function.

[0048] Based on this, in the embodiments of this application, the number of steering films 220 is not a fixed value, but is dynamically determined according to the deflection dimension of the included angle, which is related to the positional relationship between the backlight module and the liquid crystal cell in the HUD of the related technology.

[0049] Based on this, in order to simulate the optical path required to prevent sunlight backflow in the parallel stacked structure, in this embodiment, before constructing the parallel structure display device, the positions of the backlight module and the liquid crystal cell in the HUD preventing sunlight backflow can be simulated first. Then, the position of the backlight module is used as a preset reference plane, and the position of the liquid crystal cell is used as the position of the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 in this embodiment. The angle between the positions of the backlight module and the liquid crystal cell in the HUD is determined, and this angle is defined as the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference plane of the image source 210 in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the parameters of the steering film 220 can be determined based on the deflection dimension of the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference plane of the image source 210, and then the parallel structure display device can be constructed based on the parameters of the steering film 220.

[0050] To ensure that the light emitted by the display device can accurately enter the area where the eye box is located, and to achieve the goal of preventing backflow, based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment of the application, if the number of the deflection dimensions of the included angle is two, then the number of the steering film 220 is two pieces; if the number of the deflection dimensions of the included angle is one, then the number of the steering film 220 is one piece.

[0051] In this embodiment of the application, in order to simulate the light path generated by the display device to prevent sunlight backflow in the parallel stacked structure, the number of steering films 220 can be determined according to the number of deflection dimensions of the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface of the image source 210.

[0052] In one possible implementation, when the number of deflection dimensions of the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface of the image source 210 is two, the number of steering films 220 is set to two. These two steering films 220 can each be responsible for deflecting light in different directions. For example, the first steering film 220 is responsible for deflection in the horizontal direction, and the second steering film 220 is responsible for deflection in the vertical direction. Through the synergistic effect of these two steering films 220, the complex optical path formed by the vertex-connected anti-sunlight backflow display device can be accurately reproduced, allowing the emitted light to cover the three-dimensional spatial area of ​​the eye box, while ensuring that the reverse light is effectively blocked and deflected to prevent backflow.

[0053] The placement order of the two steering films 220 in the optical path has no essential impact on the final optical synthesis effect. Therefore, the two steering films 220 can be placed on the light-emitting surface side of the image source 210 in any order. Optionally, to optimize aberrations, the optimal order of the two steering films 220 can be determined based on the simulation results of specific optical design software.

[0054] In another possible implementation, when the number of deflection dimensions of the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface of the image source 210 is one, the number of steering films 220 is one. By designing the microstructure parameters of the steering film 220, it can be made to have a deflection capability in a single direction, thereby meeting the requirement of guiding light to the eye box. At the same time, the angle is used to achieve physical blocking of sunlight, reduce material costs, reduce energy loss of light when passing through multiple layers of media, and improve the overall light efficiency.

[0055] In addition, based on the above embodiments, it is not enough to only determine the number of steering films 220. In order to ensure that the emitted light after passing through the steering film 220 can reach the area where the eye box is located, it is also necessary to determine the deflection angle of the emitted light after passing through the steering film 220 in each deflection dimension.

[0056] In related HUD technologies, the image source 210 and the liquid crystal cell are not parallel, but rather at a specific angle. This angle is calculated iteratively using optical simulation software, with the aim of allowing light to enter the area where the eyepiece is located directly without any additional refractive elements, relying solely on geometric relationships. Based on this, in order to achieve the same display effect as related HUD technologies, the display device of this application embodiment needs to convert this angle into the deflection angle of the emitted light rays refracted by the steering film 220.

[0057] Specifically, the deflection angle of the angle between the backlight module and the liquid crystal cell in the relevant HUD technology can be determined as the deflection angle of the steering film 220 in the corresponding deflection dimension. That is, for each deflection dimension of the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface of the image source 210, a steering film 220 corresponding to that deflection dimension is set, and the deflection angle of the steering film 220 is the component of the angle in that deflection dimension.

[0058] For example, if the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface of the image source 210 is 15 degrees rotated horizontally and 10 degrees rotated vertically, then the deflection angle of the steering film 220 in the horizontal direction should be set to 15 degrees and in the vertical direction to 10 degrees.

[0059] In this embodiment, the deflection angle of the emitted light after passing through the deflecting film 220 is determined according to the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference surface of the image source 210 in each deflection dimension, thus ensuring the equivalence of the optical path. Whether the screen is physically tilted or the light is optically deflected by the film, the incident angle of the light relative to the human eye remains consistent.

[0060] Example, Figure 5aThis is a schematic diagram of a deflection dimension provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5a As shown, the angle between the light-emitting surface of image source 210 and the preset reference plane of image source 210 has a deflection dimension, and the deflection angle corresponding to this deflection dimension is... ; Figure 5b This is a schematic diagram of two deflection dimensions provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 5b As shown, the angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source 210 and the preset reference plane of the image source 210 has two deflection dimensions, and the deflection angles corresponding to these two deflection dimensions are respectively... and .

[0061] Example 3: In one possible implementation, based on the above embodiments, in the embodiments of this application, the image source 210 includes self-emissive image sources and backlight-type image sources.

[0062] In the embodiments of this application, there are many choices for the image source 210 in the display device, such as self-emissive image sources and backlight-type image sources.

[0063] A self-emissive image source refers to an image source in which each pixel of a display panel can actively emit light without the need for an external backlight. Its core principle is that pixels directly emit visible light under the drive of an electric field or current. Such self-emissive image sources include, but are not limited to, Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), Micro-OLEDs, and Micro-LEDs. Because they do not rely on a backlight module, self-emissive image sources have significant advantages such as compact structure, thin and light size, extremely fast response speed, and extremely high contrast.

[0064] Backlit image sources consist of a backlight module and a display cell, where the display cell itself does not emit light; the backlit image source relies on a separate backlight module for its light source. In a backlit image source, the display cell can be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen or a Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) screen; the display cell is only used to control the on / off state of light. Although the structure of backlit image sources is relatively thick and the contrast ratio is limited by the light-blocking capability of the LCD cell, backlit image sources have irreplaceable advantages in achieving ultra-high brightness, reducing manufacturing costs, and improving the yield of large-size displays.

[0065] Based on the above embodiments, in the embodiments of this application, if the image source 210 in the display device is a self-emissive image source, the steering film in the display device is disposed on one side of the light-emitting surface of the image source; if the image source 210 in the display device is a backlight-type image source, the steering film in the display device can be disposed between the backlight module of the backlight-type image source and the display cell, and the steering film can also be disposed on one side of the light-emitting surface of the display cell, without limitation.

[0066] In one possible implementation, based on the above embodiments, in this application embodiment, if the image source 210 is a backlight image source, the backlight image source includes a light-emitting unit, a collimating unit, and a liquid crystal cell, the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting unit is parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit, the collimating unit is located between the light-emitting unit and the liquid crystal cell, and the steering film 220 is located between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell.

[0067] In this embodiment, if the image source 210 is a backlight-type image source, the backlight-type image source includes a backlight module and a liquid crystal cell. The backlight module includes, but is not limited to, a light-emitting unit and a collimating unit. The light-emitting surface of the light-emitting unit is parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit, the collimating unit is located between the light-emitting unit and the liquid crystal cell, and the steering film 220 is located between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell.

[0068] Specifically, the light-emitting unit is typically composed of a light-emitting diode (LED) panel, but can also be composed of LED strips or other light-emitting devices. This unit emits light. Because the light-emitting unit is composed of an LED, the light emitted is divergent. Therefore, a collimating unit can be used to straighten the light emitted from the light-emitting unit, making the light beams emitted from the collimating unit parallel or nearly parallel, thereby improving the utilization rate of light energy and the controllability of subsequent optical processing. Furthermore, the liquid crystal cell is used to display images and is located at the top layer of the optical path transmission. For example, this liquid crystal cell can be an LCD screen.

[0069] In this embodiment, the collimation unit is arranged along the light path propagation direction of the light-emitting unit and is parallel to the light-emitting unit. This parallel arrangement simplifies the internal structural design of the display device, reduces assembly difficulty, and improves the overall integration of the device. Furthermore, the size of the collimation unit is not smaller than the size of the light-emitting unit; that is, the length of the light-inlet surface of the collimation unit is not less than the length of the light-outlet surface of the light-emitting unit, and the width of the light-inlet surface of the collimation unit is not less than the width of the light-outlet surface of the light-emitting unit.

[0070] In this embodiment, the collimation unit can be a lens structure, a reflector cup structure, or a total internal reflection (TIR) ​​lens structure.

[0071] Example, Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram of the collimation unit of the lens structure provided in an embodiment of this application. If the collimation unit is a lens structure, it can include any number of lens groups, typically 1-3. Figure 6a The collimation unit shown includes two lens groups. Figure 6b This is a schematic diagram of the collimation unit of the reflector cup structure provided in the embodiments of this application. If the collimation unit is a reflector cup structure, a lens can be added behind the reflector cup, or no lens can be added. Figure 6b No lens was added behind the reflecting cup in the collimation unit shown. Figure 6c This is a schematic diagram of the collimation unit of the TIR lens structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0072] To improve the uniformity of the displayed image quality, based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment of the application, the display device further includes a light-diffusing film, which is located between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell, and is parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit and the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal cell. The steering film 220 is located between the collimating unit and the light-diffusing film, or the steering film 220 is located between the light-diffusing film and the liquid crystal cell.

[0073] In practical applications, although the collimation unit in the display device can regularize the light emitted by the light-emitting unit into parallel light, at the microscopic level, the light intensity distribution may still be uneven, or there may be dot phenomenon caused by the discrete dot matrix of the light source. In order to eliminate these visual defects, a light-diffusing film is added to the display device in this embodiment to improve the uniformity of the display image quality.

[0074] Specifically, a light-diffusing film can be disposed between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell. This light-diffusing film can have a diffusion function, capable of dispersing concentrated light beams and making the light energy distributed more uniformly across the entire display surface. In terms of physical layout, the light-diffusing film is designed to be parallel to the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell to maintain the flatness and stacking consistency of the overall structure. Furthermore, the size of the light-diffusing film is not smaller than the size of the collimating unit; that is, the length of the light-incident surface of the light-diffusing film is not less than the length of the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit, and the width of the light-incident surface is not less than the width of the light-emitting surface.

[0075] In the embodiments of this application, the positional relationship between the steering film 220 and the light-diffusing film can be flexibly set according to different optical design requirements. For example, the steering film 220 can be disposed between the collimating unit and the light-diffusing film; the steering film 220 can also be disposed between the light-diffusing film and the liquid crystal cell.

[0076] When the steering film 220 is positioned between the collimating unit and the homogenizing film, the light is first deflected by an angle before being homogenized. This sequence is beneficial for determining the direction of the light path first, and then using the homogenizing film to eliminate diffraction or stray light that may be caused by the deflection element. However, it should be noted that the homogenizing film may slightly diverge the already collimated light.

[0077] When the directional film 220 is located between the light homogenizing film and the liquid crystal cell, the light is first homogenized to become soft and uniform, and then passes through the directional film 220 for final angle correction. This sequence ensures that the light entering the directional film 220 is uniform, thereby avoiding outgoing light spots caused by uneven incident light intensity. However, it is necessary to ensure that the microstructure of the directional film 220 does not disrupt the already formed uniform light field.

[0078] To further improve the display effect, based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment of the application, the display device further includes a field lens, which is located between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell, and the light-emitting surface of the field lens is parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit and the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal cell; the steering film 220 is located between the collimating unit and the field lens, or the steering film 220 is located between the light-diffusing film and the liquid crystal cell.

[0079] In this embodiment of the application, the display device may also be provided with a field lens, which is used to concentrate or diffuse the light from the entire screen into the eye box.

[0080] Specifically, the field lens is configured to be parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit and the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal cell, and is positioned between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell. The addition of the field lens can effectively converge or guide the collimated light to a wider viewing angle, allowing the driver to see the display content clearly over a larger area.

[0081] In the embodiments of this application, the positional relationship between the field lens and the steering film 220 unit can be flexibly set according to different optical design requirements. For example, the steering film 220 can be disposed between the collimating unit and the field lens; the steering film 220 can also be disposed between the field lens and the liquid crystal cell.

[0082] When the steering film 220 is positioned between the collimating unit and the field lens, it means that the light has already undergone major angular deflection before entering the field lens to expand the field of view. This arrangement is beneficial for the field lens to perform secondary optimization on the already deflected light, which may help reduce the overall size of the display device.

[0083] When the steering film 220 is placed between the field lens and the liquid crystal cell, the light will first pass through the field of view processing of the field lens, and finally be precisely angularly aligned by the steering film 220 so that it is directed to the area where the eye cell is located. This layout is more conducive to protecting the microstructure on the surface of the field lens from contamination by the adhesive process of the steering film 220, and also facilitates modular assembly.

[0084] The above embodiments describe the display device having a field lens and a light-diffusing film. In the embodiments of this application, the display device also has both a field lens and a light-diffusing film.

[0085] Specifically, if a field lens and a light-diffusing film are both provided in the display device, the field lens is positioned between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell, and the light-diffusing film is positioned between the field lens and the liquid crystal cell. The steering film 220 can be positioned between the collimating unit and the field lens, between the field lens and the light-diffusing film, or between the light-diffusing film and the liquid crystal cell; there are no restrictions on this.

[0086] Example, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a possible display device provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the display device includes a light-emitting unit, a collimating unit, a field lens, a light-diffusing film, a directional film, and a liquid crystal cell arranged in parallel in sequence.

[0087] Example 4: In order to improve the display effect of the display device, based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment of the application, the size of the steering film 220 is greater than or equal to the size of the image source 210.

[0088] In practical applications, stray light is a key factor affecting contrast and image quality. If the size of the steering film 220 is too small and cannot completely cover the optical path cross section, some light will bypass the steering film 220 and be emitted directly, or diffraction and light leakage will occur at the edge of the steering film 220, resulting in an incomplete display image.

[0089] Therefore, in order to improve the display effect of the display device, in this embodiment, the size of the redirecting film 220 is not smaller than the size of the liquid crystal cell. Here, size refers to the projected area or effective light-transmitting aperture on the display plane. Specifically, the length and width of the redirecting film 220 should both be greater than or equal to the corresponding side length of the liquid crystal cell.

[0090] In this embodiment, by controlling the size of the redirecting film 220 to be no smaller than the size of the liquid crystal cell, it is ensured that all light emitted from the collimating unit and planned to be projected onto the liquid crystal cell must be processed by the redirecting film 220, thereby ensuring that the light of the entire image is uniformly deflected towards the area where the eye box is located, avoiding the problem of incomplete image display.

[0091] During actual assembly, slight offsets may exist between the various units in the display device due to mechanical tolerances. If the size of the steering film 220 is exactly the same as that of the liquid crystal cell, even a slight assembly deviation may cause edge light to overflow. Therefore, in practical applications, the size of the steering film 220 can be slightly larger than that of the liquid crystal cell, which helps to compensate for errors and ensures the integrity of the optical path even with slight assembly deviations.

[0092] Example 5: In order to stably and accurately place the steering film 220 into the display device, the steering film 220 is placed on the side of the collimation unit near the liquid crystal cell by any one of the following processes: adhesive bonding, vacuum adsorption, and inlay.

[0093] In this embodiment, the steering film 220 can be placed on the side of the collimation unit near the liquid crystal cell by any one of the following processes: adhesive bonding, vacuum adsorption, and inlay.

[0094] Among these methods, adhesive bonding is the most common and cost-effective. Optically clear adhesive (OCA) or liquid optical clear adhesive (LOCA) is applied to the edge or back of the steering film 220, and the steering film 220 is then directly bonded to the surface of the collimating unit closest to the liquid crystal cell, or to the surface of an adjacent homogenizing film or field lens. The advantages of this adhesive bonding process are a strong bond, and the adhesive fills air gaps, reducing interface reflection and improving transmittance. However, it is necessary to carefully control the uniformity of the adhesive layer thickness to avoid introducing wavefront aberrations.

[0095] The vacuum adsorption process utilizes the principle of negative pressure. A sealed cavity is created around the steering film 220, and a vacuum is drawn, allowing atmospheric pressure to tightly press the steering film 220 onto the surface of the collimating unit closest to the liquid crystal cell, or onto the surfaces of adjacent homogenizing films or field lenses. This vacuum adsorption process is suitable for units with extremely high surface flatness. Its advantages include no chemical adhesive residue, facilitating later maintenance and replacement, and preventing optical performance from being affected by adhesive aging. However, in harsh automotive applications with vibration, it is necessary to ensure the long-term stability of the adsorption force.

[0096] Mosaic technology is a mechanical fixing method that uses specific slots or grooves designed on the support structure of the collimating unit, homogenizing film, or field lens, or by setting up a separate frame, to mosaic the 220-degree image of the steering film. Figure 1The image is embedded within the image. This embedding process provides extremely high mechanical stability, resisting strong impacts and vibrations, making it ideal for automotive environments. The embedding process also allows for precise control of the flatness and positional accuracy of the steering film 220, avoiding warping issues that may arise from adhesive application.

[0097] To better demonstrate the advantages of the display device provided in the embodiments of this application, the following description is provided in conjunction with specific figures: Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of a display device without a steering film provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of a display device with a steering film provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8a and Figure 8b It can be seen that the light path of both display devices propagates to the area where the eye box is located. However, there is an angle between the liquid crystal cell and the backlight module in the display device without the directional film, while there is no angle between the liquid crystal cell and the backlight module in the display device with the directional film. This shows that adding a directional film to the display device will not change the propagation path of the light path, and will also reduce the size of the display device.

[0098] In this embodiment, the image source 210 includes at least an image source 210, a collimation unit, and a steering film 220. The image source 210 may also include at least one of a field lens and a homogenizing film.

[0099] It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of this application is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. The functional units in the embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0100] Example 6: The above description primarily focuses on the display device provided in this application from an equipment perspective. It is understood that the display device can also be deployed in vehicles.

[0101] Based on the same inventive concept as the display device embodiments, this application also provides a vehicle that integrates a display device as described in any of the above embodiments. Related features can be found in the above method embodiments and will not be repeated here. This display device can serve as a core component of a HUD system, installed inside the dashboard or below the windshield. Through the deflection effect of the steering film, the vehicle can transform the optical-mechanical structure, originally parallel to the dashboard plane, into a light path that projects upwards onto the windshield and ultimately into the driver's eyes.

[0102] This design revolutionized vehicle interior design. Because the image source and first collimation unit of the display can be placed parallel to the first liquid crystal cell, the thickness of the entire HUD module can be significantly reduced, eliminating the need for a tall and large module to achieve a specific projection angle. This frees up more storage space and allows for greater design freedom above the dashboard.

[0103] Furthermore, during vehicle operation, external lighting conditions are complex and variable. The display device of this application embodiment, by simulating structural parameters to prevent sunlight backflow and utilizing the angle deflection of the steering film, effectively blocks the risk of strong midday sunlight directly entering the optical engine and burning out the LED lamp board, thereby improving the system's weather resistance and lifespan.

[0104] The virtual image seen by the driver through this device is precisely calibrated. Regardless of vehicle movement or changes in driver posture, the image remains clear and stable thanks to the precise coverage of the eye-box area. Therefore, this embodiment not only enhances the vehicle's technological sophistication and intelligence but also ensures driving safety through optimized optical design.

[0105] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0106] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to this application. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0107] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0108] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0109] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, The display device further includes an image source and a steering film. There is an angle between the light-emitting surface of the image source and a preset reference surface of the image source. The steering film is parallel to the light-emitting surface so that the light emitted from the image source at the angle can reach the preset area after being deflected by the steering film. The angle is in the range of [-30 degrees, -15 degrees] or [+15 degrees, +50 degrees]. With the preset reference surface as a reference, the angle formed by the image source in the clockwise direction is a negative angle, and the angle formed by the image source in the counterclockwise direction is a positive angle.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of steering films is determined according to the deflection dimension of the included angle; wherein the deflection dimension is set along at least one midpoint symmetry axis of the preset reference plane, and the midpoint symmetry axis is an axis passing through the center of the reference plane and parallel to two sets of opposite sides of the preset reference plane.

3. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, If the number of deflection dimensions of the included angle is two, then the number of steering films is two; if the number of deflection dimensions of the included angle is one, then the number of steering films is one.

4. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle is determined based on the range of angles at which sunlight flows back onto the image source.

5. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The types of image sources include self-illuminating image sources and backlit image sources.

6. The display device according to claim 5, characterized in that, If the image source is a backlight image source, the backlight image source includes a light-emitting unit, a collimating unit, and a liquid crystal cell. The light-emitting surface of the light-emitting unit is parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit. The collimating unit is located between the light-emitting unit and the liquid crystal cell. The steering film is located between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell.

7. The display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The display device further includes a light-diffusing film, which is located between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell, and is parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit and the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal cell. The steering film is located between the collimating unit and the light-diffusing film, or the steering film is located between the light-diffusing film and the liquid crystal cell.

8. The display device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The display device further includes a field lens, which is located between the collimating unit and the liquid crystal cell, and the light-emitting surface of the field lens is parallel to the light-emitting surface of the collimating unit and the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal cell; the steering film is located between the collimating unit and the field lens, or the steering film is located between the light-diffusing film and the liquid crystal cell.

9. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The size of the steering film is greater than or equal to the size of the image source.

10. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steering film is applied to the image source using any one of the following methods: adhesive bonding, vacuum adsorption, or inlay.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the display device as described in any one of claims 1-10.

Images