A bim-based secondary structure design method and system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building secondary structure design, and aims to provide a secondary structure design method and system based on BIM. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a building main structure BIM model and a secondary structure BIM model; marking settlement joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on a settlement joint design model, wherein the settlement joint design parameters comprise a settlement joint position and a settlement joint width; and marking expansion joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on the settlement joint design parameters and an expansion joint design model, wherein the expansion joint design parameters comprise an expansion joint position and an expansion joint width. Through intelligent unified marking of the settlement joint and the expansion joint in the BIM model, the settlement joint and the expansion joint of the overall building structure can be uniformly planned before building construction, and the influence of the settlement joint and the expansion joint on the stability of the building structure caused by different construction design of multiple engineering construction in the construction process can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of secondary structure design technology, and in particular to a BIM-based secondary structure design method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Secondary structures (including infill walls, partition walls, structural columns, ring beams, etc.) are crucial links in building structures, connecting the main structure with subsequent mechanical, electrical, and decorative works. In secondary structure design, wall design must comprehensively consider structural safety, building physical performance, and construction feasibility.

[0003] The design of expansion joints is of paramount importance in the secondary structural design process. Expansion joints include expansion joints and settlement joints. Expansion joints are designed to cope with horizontal expansion and contraction caused by temperature changes; settlement joints are designed to cope with vertical differences caused by uneven settlement of the foundation.

[0004] In existing technologies, the design of settlement joints and expansion joints largely relies on the design experience of construction designers and certain detailed design specifications for expansion joints. When walls are involved, the design process needs to consider both the structural requirements of the wall itself and its compatibility with settlement joints. Due to the reliance on construction experience for wall design, the design process for wall expansion joints is difficult to effectively unify with the design process of other structural components. This results in the expansion joint design affecting the design of other elements such as water supply and drainage, and ventilation ducts, ultimately limiting the overall functionality of the building structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to reduce the impact of different construction designs of settlement joints and expansion joints on the stability of building structures during construction, this application aims to provide a BIM-based secondary structural design method and system.

[0006] The above-mentioned objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: Firstly, the BIM-based secondary structural design method provided in this application adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] A BIM-based secondary structure design method, the method comprising: Obtain the BIM model of the main building structure and the BIM model of the secondary structure; Based on the settlement joint design model, the settlement joint design parameters are marked in the secondary structure BIM model. The settlement joint design parameters include the location of the settlement joint and the width of the settlement joint. Based on the settlement joint design parameters and the expansion joint design model, the expansion joint design parameters are marked in the secondary structure BIM model. The expansion joint design parameters include the location of the expansion joint and the width of the expansion joint.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the secondary structure BIM model includes at least building height data, load data, and length-to-height ratio data of individual components; The settlement joint design model marks the expansion joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on building height data, load data, and single component length-to-height ratio data.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the secondary structure BIM model further includes component type, component material type, component length, and roof / floor category; The expansion joint design model marks the expansion joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on the component type, component material type, component length, roof / floor category, and settlement joint design parameters.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the expansion joint design model annotates the expansion joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on the component type, component material type, component length, roof / floor category, and settlement joint design parameters, including: The initial design parameters for expansion joints are marked according to the component type, component material type, component length, and roof / floor category; When identifying an expansion joint and a settlement joint in the same component that simultaneously possess the design parameters of the first expansion joint and the settlement joint, the expansion joint position is changed to the settlement joint position to obtain the expansion joint design parameters.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, when the same component simultaneously possesses multiple expansion joint design parameters and settlement joint design parameters representing expansion joints and settlement joints, the expansion joint position of the expansion joint closest to the corresponding settlement joint position is changed to the settlement joint position, and then the expansion joint design parameters of the remaining expansion joints of the component are marked again.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the method further includes obtaining water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings, and marking the water supply and drainage impact positions and pipe impact positions affected by the settlement joint and expansion joint according to the settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the water supply and drainage impact points and pipeline impact points affected by the settlement joint and expansion joint are marked according to the settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters, including: Based on the design parameters of settlement joints and expansion joints, collision tests were conducted between the secondary structure BIM model and the water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings. The collision locations between the settlement joints and expansion joints in the secondary structure BIM model and the water supply and drainage drawings were marked as water supply and drainage influence locations; the collision locations between the secondary structure BIM model and the HVAC drawings were marked as pipe influence locations.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the water supply and drainage drawings include water supply and drainage pipes and waterproof components; During the collision test, if the water supply and drainage pipes collide with the settlement joints and expansion joints in the secondary structure BIM model, the collision location will be marked as the water supply and drainage affected location. If the waterproof component collides with the settlement joints and expansion joints in the secondary structure BIM model, the collision location will be marked as the water supply and drainage affected location and an error flag will be output.

[0015] Secondly, the BIM-based secondary structure design system provided in this application adopts the following technical solution.

[0016] A BIM-based secondary structure design system, the system comprising: The drawing input module is used to acquire the BIM model of the main building structure and the BIM model of the secondary structure. The expansion joint marking module marks settlement joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on the settlement joint design model. The settlement joint design parameters include the location and width of the settlement joint. Then, based on the settlement joint design parameters and the expansion joint design model, the expansion joint design parameters are marked in the secondary structure BIM model. The expansion joint design parameters include the location and width of the expansion joint.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the drawing input module is also used to acquire water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings, and the collision test module marks the water supply and drainage impact position and pipeline impact position affected by the settlement joint and expansion joint according to the settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters.

[0018] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. By intelligently marking settlement joints and expansion joints in the BIM model, the settlement joints and expansion joints of the overall building structure can be uniformly planned before construction, reducing the impact of different construction designs of settlement joints and expansion joints on the stability of the building structure during construction.

[0019] 2. By marking settlement joints and expansion joints in the BIM model, and marking settlement joints and expansion joints before building construction, it can help to standardize settlement joints and expansion joints in the early stage, and also reduce the design practice of manually designing settlement joints and expansion joints.

[0020] 3. Settlement joints and expansion joints are marked separately using settlement joint design models and expansion joint design models, which avoids confusion between the two types of expansion joints and avoids construction rework caused by confusion.

[0021] 4. By conducting collision tests between the secondary structure BIM model and the water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings, structural interference between settlement joints, expansion joints and water supply and drainage structures and ventilation ducts can be identified in advance, thereby avoiding design and construction rework due to expansion joints affecting drainage and HVAC construction. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the secondary structure design method in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the annotation of primary design parameters for expansion joints in the expansion joint design model of this application embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article, unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0027] In the secondary structural design process, the design of wall expansion joints often results in confusion between expansion joints and settlement joints. This is primarily because different construction workers or designers rely too heavily on the experience of engineers when designing walls. Expansion joints only require disconnection of walls and floor slabs above the foundation, while settlement joints must disconnect the entire structure from the foundation to the roof. If designers lack a clear understanding of this concept, confusion or errors can occur, even mistaking contraction joints for expansion joints, leading to wall cracking or deformation. Furthermore, in actual construction, different construction or design teams are responsible for different components of the same building, making it impossible to standardize the design of settlement joints or expansion joints across the entire building. During the building completion and acceptance process, rework frequently occurs due to non-standard design or construction of settlement joints or expansion joints, resulting in a significant waste of manpower and resources.

[0028] To address this technical problem, this application provides a BIM-based secondary structural design method that can automatically and uniformly mark the settlement joints or expansion joints of the wall into the BIM drawings during the BIM drawing construction process. Designers can obtain the overall design of the settlement joints or expansion joints based on the BIM drawings, thereby assisting designers in designing and constructing the settlement joints or expansion joints during the actual construction process.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 The secondary structure design method provided in this application is as follows: Obtain the BIM model of the main building structure and the BIM model of the secondary structure; Based on the settlement joint design model, the settlement joint design parameters are marked in the secondary structure BIM model. The settlement joint design parameters include the location of the settlement joint and the width of the settlement joint. Based on the settlement joint design parameters and the expansion joint design model, the expansion joint design parameters are marked in the secondary structure BIM model. The expansion joint design parameters include the location of the expansion joint and the width of the expansion joint. Collision detection is performed on secondary structural components based on settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters, and the output of settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters that meet the collision detection requirements is obtained.

[0030] The main factors considered in the conventional settlement joint design process include the turning points of the building plan, the connection points between high and low floors, the connection points due to load differences, the differences in the building's foundation, the junctions between new and old buildings, and the length-to-height ratio of the structure. Among these, the differences in the building's foundation, the turning points of the building, and the junctions between new and old buildings are settlement joint design factors that have already been considered during the design of the main building structure. Therefore, the proposed solution in this application designs settlement joints in BIM based on height, load, and length-to-height ratio.

[0031] During the construction of the secondary structure BIM model, the height, load, and length-to-height ratio of the building structure are entered into the secondary structure BIM model, thereby generating the height data, load data, and length-to-height ratio data of each component in the secondary structure BIM model.

[0032] The process of annotating the settlement joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model is as follows.

[0033] Step S11: Define the judgment rules. Based on the secondary structure settlement joint design specifications, transform the settlement joint design requirements into "if...then..." logical judgments. For example: Judgment Rule 1: If the height difference between adjacent components exceeds the height difference threshold, then a settlement joint should be set at the junction of the two components. Judgment Rule 2: If the load difference between adjacent components exceeds the load difference threshold, then a settlement joint should be set at the junction of the two components. Judgment Rule 3: If the length-to-height ratio of a component is greater than the length-to-height ratio threshold, then settlement joints should be set in the component according to the component type.

[0034] It should be noted that different wall types, such as precast walls, cast-in-place walls, and multi-story masonry walls, have different pre-set settlement joint design rules. Based on these rules, different numbers of settlement joints are set in the wall components. The pre-set settlement joint design rules correspond to different wall types, setting different length-to-height ratios and settlement joint setting methods. For example, if the length-to-height ratio of a multi-story masonry load-bearing structure wall is greater than 3, a settlement joint is set at the geometric center of the wall component's length. If the length-to-height ratio of a multi-story masonry load-bearing structure wall is greater than 6, the wall component is geometrically divided into three segments, and the connection points of adjacent segments are set as settlement joints.

[0035] Step S12: Determine the location and width of the settlement joint. Based on the BIM model, select the geometric location of the "suitable for settlement joint" location as the settlement joint location. For example, if the joint is selected between two components due to height difference and load difference, select the splicing surface of the two components as the center surface of the settlement joint; if the length-to-height ratio of the component is greater than the length-to-height ratio threshold, select one or more cross-sections in the component as the center surface of the settlement joint of that component according to the component type and the corresponding wall type design requirements.

[0036] It should be noted that different wall types, such as precast walls, cast-in-place walls, and multi-story masonry walls, have different pre-set settlement joint design rules. These rules determine the number of settlement joints in the wall components. The pre-set settlement joint design rules correspond to different wall types, setting different length-to-height ratios and settlement joint placement methods. For example, if the length-to-height ratio of a multi-story masonry load-bearing structure wall is greater than 3, a settlement joint is placed at the geometric center of the wall component. If the length-to-height ratio is greater than 6, the wall component is geometrically divided into three segments, and the connection points of adjacent segments are designated as settlement joints. The specific rules for setting the number of settlement joints for different wall components due to varying length-to-height ratios are not uniquely defined in this application and are determined by on-site designers based on local weather conditions and geological factors.

[0037] Step S13: Determine the width of the settlement joint. The range of settlement joint width is determined based on the floor level of the wall component.

[0038] The location data of different wall components and the joint width range of settlement joints on different floors are pre-stored in the BIM model. The joint width range of the settlement joint on the corresponding floor is selected according to the floor number where the settlement joint is located.

[0039] Step S14: Output settlement joint components. After determining the location and width of the settlement joint, generate the settlement joint components in the corresponding BIM model, and enter the location and width of the settlement joint into the settlement joint components to complete the annotation of settlement joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model.

[0040] The main factors to consider in expansion joint design include the type of wall components, component material type, component length, roof / floor type, floor height, and building environment temperature difference level. The building environment temperature difference level represents the ambient temperature difference of the building's location. Since the floor height is determined after the building's column structure design is completed, the minimum floor height is selected as the floor height data for designing expansion joints in the BIM model. The building environment temperature difference is related to the building's location. This application's solution designs the expansion joints based on component type, component material type, component length, and roof / floor type.

[0041] During the construction of the secondary structure BIM model, the component types, component material types, component lengths, and roof / floor categories of the building structure are entered into the secondary structure BIM model, thereby generating the component type, component material type, component length, and roof / floor category corresponding to each component in the secondary structure BIM model.

[0042] The expansion joint design model annotates the expansion joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on component type, component material type, component length, roof / floor type, and settlement joint design parameters, including: The initial design parameters for expansion joints are marked according to the component type, component material type, component length, and roof / floor category; When identifying an expansion joint and a settlement joint in the same component that simultaneously possess the design parameters of the first expansion joint and the settlement joint, the expansion joint position is changed to the settlement joint position to obtain the expansion joint design parameters.

[0043] When a component simultaneously possesses multiple expansion joints and settlement joints expressed by first expansion joint design parameters and settlement joint design parameters, the expansion joint position closest to the corresponding settlement joint position is changed to the settlement joint position, and then the expansion joint design parameters of the remaining expansion joints of the component are marked again.

[0044] The component type indicates the type of secondary structural wall, including load-bearing walls, non-load-bearing walls, infill walls, and partition walls. Component material types include sintered bricks, reinforced masonry, stone masonry, concrete blocks, concrete bricks, and lightweight panels.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 The process of annotating the primary design parameters of an expansion joint in the expansion joint design model includes: Step S21: Determine the wall type as masonry wall / lightweight panel. If it is masonry wall, proceed to step S22; if it is lightweight panel, proceed to step S23. Masonry walls include sintered bricks, reinforced masonry, stone masonry, concrete blocks, and concrete bricks.

[0046] Step S22 includes: Step S221: Based on the masonry structure design code, select the reference spacing of the expansion joints of the corresponding masonry wall according to the roof / floor type.

[0047] Step S222: Based on the component material type, retrieve the reduction factor from the BIM model, as shown in Table 1:

[0048] Table 1: Component Material Type-Reduction Factor Mapping Table Step S223: Calculate the maximum spacing of the expansion joints. In this step, the product of the basic spacing of the expansion joints and the reduction factor is taken as the maximum spacing of the expansion joints.

[0049] Step S224: When the wall length is greater than the maximum spacing of the expansion joint, mark the expansion joint to obtain the location of the expansion joint; if the wall length is less than the maximum spacing of the expansion joint, do not set an expansion joint for the wall.

[0050] Step S23: When the length of the lightweight partition exceeds 6m, expansion joints are intermittently set between the boards to obtain the location of the expansion joints.

[0051] In step S224, the process of marking the location of the expansion joint is as follows: Extend from one end of the wall component to the other end to the maximum spacing of the expansion joint, select the stress concentration point of that section as the expansion joint location, and then extend from the current expansion joint location to the other end of the wall component to the maximum spacing of the expansion joint, select the stress concentration point of that section as the expansion joint location, and repeat this process until the distance from the current expansion joint location to the other end of the wall component is less than the maximum spacing of the expansion joint.

[0052] The method of identifying stress concentration locations of wall components based on the BIM system is a commonly used technical solution in the prior art, and will not be elaborated upon in this application.

[0053] After obtaining the primary design parameters and location of the expansion joint, when identifying an expansion joint and settlement joint within the same component that simultaneously possess the design parameters for both expansion and settlement joints, the expansion joint location is changed to the settlement joint location to obtain the expansion joint design parameters. When the expansion joint location coincides with the settlement joint location, it indicates that the current deformation joint serves as both a settlement joint and an expansion joint.

[0054] When a component simultaneously possesses multiple expansion joint and settlement joint design parameters, the expansion joint position closest to the corresponding settlement joint position is changed to the settlement joint position, and then the expansion joint design parameters for the remaining expansion joints of the component are marked again. When marking the expansion joint positions in the remaining expansion joint design parameters again, referring to step S224, the stress concentration point of the section extending from the settlement joint position towards both ends of the wall to the maximum spacing of the expansion joint is selected and marked as the expansion joint position. Then, the stress concentration point of the section extending from the current expansion joint position towards the end of the wall component is selected and marked as the expansion joint position. This process is repeated until the distance from the current expansion joint position to the other end of the wall component is less than the maximum spacing of the expansion joint.

[0055] After determining the location of the expansion joint, the joint width is selected based on the associated deformation joint structure. When the expansion joint location does not coincide with the settlement joint, the expansion joint width is marked as the expansion joint width threshold. When the expansion joint location coincides with the settlement joint, if the expansion joint width threshold is greater than the settlement joint width, the expansion joint width threshold is selected as the expansion joint width; if the expansion joint width threshold is less than the settlement joint width, the settlement joint width is selected as the expansion joint width.

[0056] The method also includes obtaining water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings, and marking the water supply and drainage impact position and pipeline impact position affected by the settlement joint and expansion joint according to the settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters.

[0057] Based on the settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters, the affected water supply and drainage locations and pipeline locations due to the settlement joint and expansion joint are marked as follows: Based on the design parameters of settlement joints and expansion joints, collision tests were conducted between the secondary structure BIM model and the water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings. The collision locations between the settlement joints and expansion joints in the secondary structure BIM model and the water supply and drainage drawings were marked as water supply and drainage influence locations; the collision locations between the secondary structure BIM model and the HVAC drawings were marked as pipe influence locations.

[0058] The water supply and drainage drawings include water supply and drainage pipes and waterproof components; During the collision test, if the water supply and drainage pipes collide with the settlement joints and expansion joints in the secondary structure BIM model, the collision location will be marked as the water supply and drainage affected location. If the waterproof component collides with the settlement joints and expansion joints in the secondary structure BIM model, the collision location will be marked as the water supply and drainage affected location and an error flag will be output.

[0059] By adopting the above technical solutions and intelligently and uniformly marking settlement joints and expansion joints in the BIM model, the settlement joints and expansion joints of the overall building structure can be planned uniformly before construction, reducing the impact of different construction designs of settlement joints and expansion joints on the stability of the building structure during construction. Marking settlement joints and expansion joints separately in the settlement joint design model and expansion joint design model avoids confusion between the two types of deformation joints and avoids construction rework caused by such confusion. Simultaneously, collision testing between the secondary structure BIM model and the water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings can reveal structural interference between settlement joints / expansion joints and the water supply and drainage structure and ventilation ducts in advance, thereby avoiding design and construction rework due to expansion joints affecting drainage and HVAC construction.

[0060] In another preferred example, this application also provides a BIM-based secondary structure design system, comprising: The drawing input module is used to acquire the BIM model of the main building structure and the BIM model of the secondary structure. The expansion joint marking module marks settlement joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on the settlement joint design model. The settlement joint design parameters include the location and width of the settlement joint. Then, based on the settlement joint design parameters and the expansion joint design model, the expansion joint design parameters are marked in the secondary structure BIM model. The expansion joint design parameters include the location and width of the expansion joint.

[0061] The drawing input module is also used to acquire water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings, and through the collision test module, to mark the water supply and drainage impact position and pipeline impact position of the settlement joint and expansion joint according to the settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the system modules described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0063] In the examples provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system modules can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system examples described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple modules or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0064] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components as functional modules may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple physical structures. In particular, the supply chain visualization module can be configured on a central server or on an enterprise's information terminal. Enterprises in the region can perform supply chain analysis based on the supply chain visualization module, which can not only provide the error of the analysis data, but also make self-adjustments to the industry based on the analysis results.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules and steps of the various examples described herein can be implemented using electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based secondary structure design method, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the BIM model of the main building structure and the BIM model of the secondary structure; Based on the settlement joint design model, the settlement joint design parameters are marked in the secondary structure BIM model. The settlement joint design parameters include the location of the settlement joint and the width of the settlement joint. Based on the settlement joint design parameters and the expansion joint design model, the expansion joint design parameters are marked in the secondary structure BIM model. The expansion joint design parameters include the location of the expansion joint and the width of the expansion joint.

2. The BIM-based secondary structure design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary structure BIM model includes at least building height data, load data, and length-to-height ratio data of individual components. The settlement joint design model marks the expansion joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on building height data, load data, and single component length-to-height ratio data.

3. The BIM-based secondary structure design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The secondary structure BIM model also includes component type, component material type, component length, and roof / floor category; The expansion joint design model marks the expansion joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on the component type, component material type, component length, roof / floor category, and settlement joint design parameters.

4. The BIM-based secondary structure design method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The expansion joint design model annotates the expansion joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on component type, component material type, component length, roof / floor type, and settlement joint design parameters. These parameters include: The initial design parameters for expansion joints are marked according to the component type, component material type, component length, and roof / floor category; When identifying an expansion joint and a settlement joint in the same component that simultaneously possess the design parameters of the first expansion joint and the settlement joint, the expansion joint position is changed to the settlement joint position to obtain the expansion joint design parameters.

5. The BIM-based secondary structure design method according to claim 4, characterized in that, When a component simultaneously possesses multiple expansion joints and settlement joints expressed by first expansion joint design parameters and settlement joint design parameters, the expansion joint position closest to the corresponding settlement joint position is changed to the settlement joint position, and then the expansion joint design parameters of the remaining expansion joints of the component are marked again.

6. A BIM-based secondary structural design method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The method also includes obtaining water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings, and marking the water supply and drainage impact position and pipeline impact position affected by the settlement joint and expansion joint according to the settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters.

7. The BIM-based secondary structure design method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters, the affected water supply and drainage locations and pipeline locations due to the settlement joint and expansion joint are marked as follows: Based on the design parameters of settlement joints and expansion joints, collision tests were conducted between the secondary structure BIM model and the water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings. The collision locations between the settlement joints and expansion joints in the secondary structure BIM model and the water supply and drainage drawings were marked as water supply and drainage influence locations; the collision locations between the secondary structure BIM model and the HVAC drawings were marked as pipe influence locations.

8. The BIM-based secondary structure design method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water supply and drainage drawings include water supply and drainage pipes and waterproof components; During the collision test, if the water supply and drainage pipes collide with the settlement joints and expansion joints in the secondary structure BIM model, the collision location will be marked as the water supply and drainage affected location. If the waterproof component collides with the settlement joints and expansion joints in the secondary structure BIM model, the collision location will be marked as the water supply and drainage affected location and an error flag will be output.

9. A BIM-based secondary structure design system, characterized in that, The system includes: The drawing input module is used to acquire the BIM model of the main building structure and the BIM model of the secondary structure. The expansion joint marking module marks settlement joint design parameters in the secondary structure BIM model based on the settlement joint design model. The settlement joint design parameters include the settlement joint location and the settlement joint width. Then, based on the settlement joint design parameters and the expansion joint design model, the expansion joint design parameters are marked in the secondary structure BIM model. The expansion joint design parameters include the expansion joint location and the expansion joint width. The collision test module is used to perform collision detection on secondary structural components based on settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters, and output settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters that meet the collision detection requirements.

10. A BIM-based secondary structure design system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The drawing input module is also used to acquire water supply and drainage drawings and HVAC drawings. The collision test module marks the water supply and drainage impact position and pipeline impact position affected by the settlement joint and expansion joint according to the settlement joint design parameters and expansion joint design parameters.

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