Optical cable layout planning method and system combined with geographic information system

Abstract

The application provides a cable layout planning method and system combined with a geographic information system, which first deconstructs migration knowledge elements in a cable operation and maintenance migration knowledge base, divides resource adaptation, process adaptation and risk adaptation knowledge elements and generates a knowledge element classification set; constructs an operation and maintenance scene dynamic image of a cable to be dispatched, integrates operation characteristics, operation and maintenance task requirements and historical operation and maintenance performance data to generate a three-dimensional scene image; calculates adaptation coefficients of each migration knowledge element and the image, and selects a target knowledge element combination; constructs an initial operation and maintenance dispatching scheme framework based on the target knowledge element combination, and integrates various adaptation rules; adjusts the scheme framework through multiple rounds of image iteration and update, optimizes resource allocation, step sequence and abnormal situation response plans, obtains a final scheme and generates operation and maintenance dispatching instructions and sends them to an operation and maintenance execution terminal. The application realizes the intelligentization, precision and high efficiency of cable operation and maintenance dispatching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of computer technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for optical cable layout planning that incorporates a geographic information system. Background Technology

[0002] In the operation and maintenance of cables in power systems, the increasing scale and complexity of cable networks present numerous challenges. Traditional cable operation and maintenance scheduling methods often rely on the experience of maintenance personnel, lacking systematic and scientific rigor. On the one hand, different cable operation and maintenance scenarios have their own unique characteristics, including differences in cable type, laying environment, and operating load. These differences make it difficult to unify and standardize operation and maintenance practices. For example, underground cables and overhead cables face vastly different risks of natural disasters and maintenance difficulties during operation and maintenance, but traditional methods have failed to fully consider these scenario differences, resulting in a lack of targeted operation and maintenance scheduling solutions. On the other hand, cable operation and maintenance involves multiple aspects such as resource allocation, process arrangement, and risk response. Traditional methods lack effective integration mechanisms for resource adaptation, process adaptation, and risk adaptation. In resource allocation, it may be impossible to reasonably allocate human, material, and financial resources according to the actual operation and maintenance task requirements; in process arrangement, it is difficult to determine the optimal sequence of steps, which may easily lead to confusion in procedures or repetitive work; in terms of risk response, there is a lack of effective contingency plans for possible abnormal situations, and once a failure occurs, it is often impossible to deal with it in a timely and effective manner, thereby affecting the normal operation of cables and the stability of the power system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the aforementioned problems, and in conjunction with the first aspect of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for optical cable layout planning in conjunction with a geographic information system, the method comprising: Acquire multiple types of geographic element data from a geographic information system, including topographic data, surface building distribution data, and underground pipeline distribution data, to obtain a geographic element dataset; Based on the geographic element dataset, an association mapping relationship between different geographic elements is constructed, and the influence weight of each association mapping relationship is adjusted according to the geographic complexity of the target area to obtain an association mapping map. The association mapping relationship reflects the spatial location relationship between topographic data and surface building distribution data, and the avoidance distance relationship between surface building distribution data and underground pipeline distribution data. Based on the constraints and association weights of each association mapping relationship in the association mapping map, an initial set of optical cable layout paths covering the target area is generated. Each path in the initial set of optical cable layout paths meets the spatial location association and avoidance distance association requirements in the association mapping map. Each path in the initial optical cable layout path set is geographically adapted to obtain the adapted optical cable layout path set. Based on the adapted optical cable layout path set, the connection nodes and optical cable laying methods of each path are determined, and the association matching model between the connection nodes and the laying methods is constructed simultaneously to make the laying methods match the geographical feature characteristics at the connection nodes, thereby generating the final optical cable layout planning scheme for the target area.

[0004] In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide an optical cable layout planning system combined with a geographic information system, including a processor and a machine-readable storage medium connected to the processor. The machine-readable storage medium is used to store programs, instructions, or code, and the processor is used to execute the programs, instructions, or code in the machine-readable storage medium to implement the above-described method.

[0005] Based on the above, firstly, the migration knowledge elements in the cable operation and maintenance migration knowledge base are deconstructed, dividing them into resource adaptation knowledge elements, process adaptation knowledge elements, and risk adaptation knowledge elements, generating a knowledge element classification set that can accurately match the needs of different operation and maintenance scenarios. A dynamic profile of the operation and maintenance scenario for the cable to be scheduled is constructed, integrating multi-dimensional data to generate a three-dimensional scenario profile, making the description of the operation and maintenance scenario more comprehensive, accurate, and dynamic, reflecting the cable's operating status and operation and maintenance needs in real time. The adaptation coefficient between each migration knowledge element and the dynamic profile of the operation and maintenance scenario is calculated, and target knowledge element combinations are selected, ensuring a high degree of matching between the selected knowledge elements and the operation and maintenance scenario, improving the targeting and accuracy of scheduling. An initial operation and maintenance scheduling scheme framework is constructed based on the target knowledge element combination, incorporating rules for various adaptation knowledge elements, enabling the scheme to have the ability to rationally allocate resources, scientifically arrange processes, and effectively respond to risks. Through multiple rounds of iterative updates and adjustments to the dynamic profile of the operation and maintenance scenario, and by optimizing various rules in conjunction with feature changes, the operation and maintenance scheduling scheme can be adjusted in real time according to the actual situation, ensuring it always remains in an optimal state. The final generated operation and maintenance scheduling instructions are sent to the operation and maintenance execution terminal, realizing intelligent, precise and efficient cable operation and maintenance scheduling, greatly improving the quality and efficiency of cable operation and maintenance, reducing operation and maintenance costs and risks, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the execution flow of the optical cable layout planning method combined with geographic information system provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0007] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of exemplary hardware and software components of the optical cable layout planning system combined with a geographic information system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0008] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for optical cable layout planning that integrates a geographic information system, as provided in one embodiment of the present invention. The following is a detailed description of this method for optical cable layout planning that integrates a geographic information system.

[0009] Step S110: Obtain multi-type geographic element data from the geographic information system, including topographic data, surface building distribution data, and underground pipeline distribution data, to obtain a geographic element dataset.

[0010] This embodiment uses a comprehensive urban new district as the application scenario. This district encompasses residential clusters, commercial streets, industrial parks, and municipal facilities. The terrain includes gently sloping areas, flat areas, and small depressions. The surface building density is uneven, and various pipelines such as water supply networks, sewage networks, gas pipelines, and power cables have been laid underground. When acquiring multiple types of geographic feature data from the geographic information system, it is necessary to comprehensively cover the terrain, building, and underground pipeline information of this district.

[0011] Step S111: Retrieve topographic data of the target area from the topographic database of the geographic information system. The topographic data includes digital elevation model data, slope data and aspect data. The digital elevation model data is stored in raster form, and each raster cell corresponds to a unique geographic coordinate and elevation value.

[0012] Digital elevation model (DEM) data for the comprehensive area of ​​the new urban district was retrieved through the terrain data interface of the Geographic Information System (GIS). The raster size of this DEM data was determined based on the area and planning accuracy. Each raster cell recorded its corresponding longitude, latitude coordinates, and elevation value. Slope and aspect data were also retrieved. Slope data reflects the rate of elevation change between each raster cell and its adjacent cells, while aspect data reflects the direction of terrain tilt. The retrieved terrain data underwent format conversion to a vector format directly processed by the GIS, and abnormal raster cells caused by data acquisition errors were removed to ensure data integrity and accuracy.

[0013] Step S112: Retrieve the surface building distribution data of the target area from the building database of the geographic information system. The surface building distribution data includes building base outline data, building height data, and building use classification data. The building base outline data consists of the geographic coordinates of each vertex of the building's outer boundary.

[0014] Access the building database of the Geographic Information System (GIS) to extract the base outline data of all surface buildings within the comprehensive area of ​​the new urban district. The base outline of each building is defined by a series of continuous vertex coordinates, forming a closed polygon. Simultaneously, extract building height data, including eaves height, ridge height, and number of stories, as well as building use classification data, such as residential, commercial, industrial, and municipal public buildings. Preprocess the surface building distribution data, merging adjacent building outline data with the same use, and correcting outline coordinate deviations caused by building expansions to ensure that the building distribution data is consistent with the actual situation.

[0015] Step S113: Retrieve underground pipeline distribution data of the target area from the underground pipeline database of the geographic information system. The underground pipeline distribution data includes pipeline type data, pipeline direction coordinate data and pipeline burial depth data. The pipeline direction coordinate data consists of continuous coordinate points of the pipeline centerline.

[0016] The underground pipeline distribution data of a new urban area was obtained through the underground pipeline data query function of a geographic information system. The pipeline type data labeled each pipeline, such as water supply pipe, sewage pipe, gas pipe, 10kV power cable, 110kV power cable, etc.; the pipeline direction coordinate data recorded the starting, turning, and ending coordinates of each pipeline's centerline, forming a continuous coordinate sequence; and the pipeline burial depth data recorded the vertical distance from the top of the pipeline to the ground surface, noting that different types of pipelines have different burial depths. The underground pipeline distribution data was verified, checking the consistency between the pipeline direction coordinates and the actual as-built drawings, supplementing missing pipeline burial depth data, and deleting duplicate pipeline records to form a standardized underground pipeline distribution dataset.

[0017] Step S114: Perform coordinate system processing on the topographic data, surface building distribution data, and underground pipeline distribution data, using the nationally unified geodetic coordinate system to ensure that the geographic coordinate benchmarks of the three types of data are consistent, and integrate them to form a geographic element dataset.

[0018] The original coordinate systems of topographic data, building distribution data, and underground pipeline distribution data were examined. If coordinate system differences existed, they were uniformly converted to the nationally unified geodetic coordinate system using a coordinate transformation algorithm. During the transformation, multiple evenly distributed coordinate control points within the target area were selected. A transformation model was established based on the original coordinates of these control points and the target coordinates, and the three types of data were transformed point-by-point. After the transformation, a subset of coordinate points was randomly selected for accuracy verification to ensure that the transformed coordinate error was within acceptable limits. The three types of data, after coordinate unification, were stored according to data type, constructing a geographic feature dataset containing three subsets: topography, buildings, and underground pipelines. The dataset includes information on data collection time, data source, and data accuracy.

[0019] Step S120: Based on the geographic element dataset, construct the association mapping relationship between different geographic elements, and adjust the influence weight of each association mapping relationship according to the geographic complexity of the target area to obtain the association mapping map. The association mapping relationship reflects the spatial location association between topographic data and surface building distribution data, and the avoidance distance association between surface building distribution data and underground pipeline distribution data.

[0020] Based on the geographic element dataset of a comprehensive area in a new urban district, we construct the correlation mapping relationship between terrain and buildings, and between buildings and underground pipelines. We adjust the correlation weights according to the geographic complexity of the area to form a visualized correlation mapping map.

[0021] Step S121: Extract elevation distribution information of topographic data, contour coordinate information of surface building distribution data, and directional coordinate information of underground pipeline distribution data from the geographic feature dataset. The elevation distribution information includes elevation values ​​corresponding to different geographic coordinates within the target area. The contour coordinate information includes geographic coordinates of each vertex of the outer boundary of surface buildings. The directional coordinate information includes geographic coordinates of each point on the centerline of underground pipelines.

[0022] Elevation distribution information is extracted from the topographic subset of the geographic feature dataset. The geographic coordinates and corresponding elevation values ​​of all raster cells within the target area are obtained through raster traversal, forming an elevation coordinate lookup table. The outline coordinates of each building are extracted from the surface building subset. The longitude and latitude coordinates of each vertex of the building's outer boundary are organized according to the building number, ensuring that the vertex coordinates are arranged in a clockwise or counterclockwise order to form a closed outline. The direction coordinates of each pipeline are extracted from the underground pipeline subset. The starting point, turning point, and ending point coordinates of the pipeline's centerline are extracted according to the pipeline number, forming a continuous coordinate sequence. The distance between coordinate points and the pipeline's extension direction are also recorded.

[0023] Step S122: Establish the spatial location association dimension between topographic data and surface building distribution data. The spatial location association dimension is based on the elevation distribution information of the topographic data, and matches the elevation value corresponding to the contour coordinate information of the surface building distribution data to determine the spatial location relationship of the surface buildings in the terrain. The spatial location relationship includes the difference between the bottom elevation of the surface building and the elevation of the terrain, and the protrusion height of the top of the surface building relative to the terrain.

[0024] Based on the elevation distribution information of topographic data, for each surface building's outline coordinates, the topographic elevation values ​​corresponding to each vertex of the building's outer boundary are extracted. The average topographic elevation value within the building's base outline is calculated as the corresponding topographic elevation for that building. The elevations of the building's base (surface elevation) and top are obtained from the building height data. The difference between the building's base elevation and the topographic elevation is calculated. A positive difference indicates the building is built on a topographic protrusion; a negative difference indicates the building is built in a depression or excavated area. The difference between the building's top elevation and the topographic elevation is calculated to obtain the building's protrusion height relative to the terrain. This protrusion height reflects the building's spatial prominence within the terrain. The spatial location parameters of each building are associated and stored with the building number and outline coordinate information, forming a spatial location association data table.

[0025] Step S123: Establish the avoidance distance correlation dimension between surface building distribution data and underground pipeline distribution data. The avoidance distance correlation dimension is based on the outline coordinate information of surface building distribution data. The shortest straight-line distance between the direction coordinate information of underground pipeline distribution data and the outline coordinate information of surface buildings is calculated to determine the avoidance distance relationship between underground pipelines and surface buildings. The avoidance distance relationship includes the pipeline segment position corresponding to the shortest straight-line distance and the building outline position corresponding to the shortest straight-line distance.

[0026] Based on the outline coordinates of surface buildings, the direction coordinates of each underground pipeline are segmented. The pipeline centerline is divided into multiple pipeline segments according to a preset length, and the coordinates of the start and end points of each segment are recorded. For each building outline and each pipeline segment, a spatial distance calculation method is used to calculate the straight-line distance between all vertices on the building outline and all coordinate points on the pipeline segment. The minimum distance value is selected as the shortest straight-line distance between the building and the pipeline segment. The position of the pipeline segment (pipeline number and segment start and end coordinates) and the position of the building outline (building number and corresponding vertex coordinates on the outline) corresponding to the shortest straight-line distance are recorded. If the shortest straight-line distance is less than a preset safe distance threshold, it is marked as a collision avoidance relationship requiring special attention. All collision distance relationships between buildings and pipelines are compiled into a collision distance correlation data table.

[0027] Step S124: Determine adjustment parameters based on the geographical complexity of the target area. The geographical complexity includes the range of terrain elevation changes, surface building density, and number of underground pipeline types within the target area. The larger the range of terrain elevation changes, the higher the surface building density, and the more types of underground pipelines in the geographical complexity parameters, the larger the value of the adjustment parameters and the more significant the difference in the weight values ​​of each associated mapping relationship.

[0028] To calculate the geographical complexity parameters of the target area, the highest and lowest elevation values ​​are first extracted from the topographic data; the difference between these two values ​​represents the elevation variation range. The total area of ​​the bases of all surface buildings within the target area is then calculated and divided by the total area of ​​the target area to obtain the surface building density. The number of different types of underground pipelines is then determined from the underground pipeline data to obtain the number of underground pipeline types. A geographical complexity scoring standard is established, assigning scores based on the elevation variation range, surface building density, and the number of underground pipeline types. These three scores are summed to obtain the total geographical complexity score, which is used to determine the values ​​of the adjustment parameters. A higher total score results in a larger adjustment parameter value, making the weighting differences between spatial location associations and avoidance distance associations more significant, thus adapting to the planning needs of complex geographical environments.

[0029] Step S125: Calculate the first correlation weight of the spatial location correlation dimension and the second correlation weight of the avoidance distance correlation dimension based on the adjustment parameters. The value of the first correlation weight is positively correlated with the value of the terrain elevation change range, and the value of the second correlation weight is positively correlated with the value of the number of underground pipeline types.

[0030] Step S1251: Extract the geographical complexity parameters of the target area. The geographical complexity parameters include the range of terrain elevation changes, the density of surface buildings, and the number of underground pipeline types. The range of terrain elevation changes is the difference between the highest and lowest elevation values ​​in the target area. The density of surface buildings is the ratio of the area occupied by surface buildings in the target area to the total area of ​​the area. The number of underground pipeline types is the total number of underground pipeline types included in the target area.

[0031] The terrain and geomorphology data is analyzed by iterating through all elevation values, selecting the maximum as the highest elevation and the minimum as the lowest elevation, and subtracting the two to obtain the terrain elevation variation range. The base area of ​​each building is extracted from the surface building distribution data, and these areas are summed to obtain the surface building footprint within the target area. This footprint is then divided by the total area of ​​the target area (obtained using a geographic information system measurement tool) to obtain the surface building density. All unique pipeline type identifiers are extracted from the type field of the underground pipeline distribution data, and the number of identifiers is counted to obtain the number of underground pipeline types. The terrain elevation variation range, surface building density, and number of underground pipeline types are compiled into a list of geographic complexity parameters, with each parameter labeled with its specific calculation basis and numerical range.

[0032] Step S1252: Set the basic weight of geographical complexity. The basic weight of geographical complexity is a preset fixed weight value, which serves as the benchmark value for calculating the correlation weight.

[0033] Based on industry standards for fiber optic cable layout planning and historical project experience, a basic weight for geographical complexity is established. This basic weight is a fixed value and does not change with variations in the geographical complexity of the target area, serving as the benchmark for calculating the first and second correlation weights. The setting of the basic weights must comprehensively consider the average impact of terrain, buildings, and underground pipelines on fiber optic cable layout, ensuring a unified benchmark for the calculation of correlation weights in areas with different geographical complexities. The basic weight values ​​are stored in a parameter configuration file and can be adjusted according to planning accuracy requirements, but remain unchanged within the same planning project.

[0034] Step S1253: Calculate the first adjustment coefficient corresponding to the terrain elevation change interval. The first adjustment coefficient is the ratio of the value of the terrain elevation change interval to the value of the preset elevation interval. When the value of the terrain elevation change interval is greater than the value of the preset elevation interval, the value of the first adjustment coefficient is greater than 1. When the value of the terrain elevation change interval is less than the value of the preset elevation interval, the value of the first adjustment coefficient is less than 1.

[0035] A standard elevation range is preset as a reference, determined based on the range of elevation changes in common urban areas. The elevation change range of the target area is divided by the preset elevation range value; the result is the first adjustment coefficient. If the elevation change range of the target area is greater than the preset elevation range, it indicates that the terrain is more undulating, and the first adjustment coefficient is greater than 1, which increases the weight of spatial location correlation. If the elevation change range of the target area is less than the preset elevation range, it indicates that the terrain is relatively flat, and the first adjustment coefficient is less than 1, which decreases the weight of spatial location correlation.

[0036] Step S1254: Calculate the second adjustment coefficient corresponding to the number of underground pipeline types. The second adjustment coefficient is the ratio of the number of underground pipeline types to the preset number of pipelines. When the number of underground pipeline types is greater than the preset number of pipelines, the value of the second adjustment coefficient is greater than 1. When the number of underground pipeline types is less than the preset number of pipelines, the value of the second adjustment coefficient is less than 1.

[0037] A standard pipeline quantity is preset as a reference, determined based on common underground pipeline types in urban areas. The number of underground pipeline types in the target area is divided by the preset quantity; the result is the second adjustment coefficient. If the number of underground pipeline types in the target area is greater than the preset quantity, it indicates a complex underground pipeline distribution, and the second adjustment coefficient is greater than 1, used to increase the weight of avoidance distance correlation. If the number of underground pipeline types in the target area is less than the preset quantity, it indicates a relatively simple underground pipeline distribution, and the second adjustment coefficient is less than 1, used to decrease the weight of avoidance distance correlation.

[0038] Step S1255: Multiply the value of the basic weight of the geographical complexity with the value of the first adjustment coefficient to obtain the first association weight of the spatial location association dimension. The value range of the first association weight is within the preset first weight interval. If the value of the calculation result exceeds the preset first weight interval, the endpoint value of the preset first weight interval is taken as the final first association weight.

[0039] The initial calculated value of the first association weight is obtained by multiplying the basic weight of geographical complexity by the first adjustment coefficient. A first weight range is preset, which is set according to the actual impact of spatial location association on the optical cable layout. The upper limit corresponds to the weight when the terrain is extremely undulating, and the lower limit corresponds to the weight when the terrain is extremely flat. The initial calculated value is compared with the preset first weight range. If the initial calculated value is within the range, it is directly used as the final first association weight; if the initial calculated value is higher than the upper limit of the range, the upper limit of the range is used as the final first association weight; if the initial calculated value is lower than the lower limit of the range, the lower limit of the range is used as the final first association weight, so as to avoid the planning constraint imbalance caused by the weight value being too high or too low.

[0040] Step S1256: Multiply the value of the basic weight of geographical complexity with the value of the second adjustment coefficient to obtain the second association weight of the avoidance distance association dimension. The value range of the second association weight is within the preset second weight interval. If the value of the calculated result exceeds the preset second weight interval, the endpoint value of the preset second weight interval is taken as the final second association weight.

[0041] Using the same method as calculating the first association weight, the basic weight of geographical complexity is multiplied by the second adjustment coefficient to obtain the initial calculated value of the second association weight. A preset second weight range is established, based on the importance of avoidance distance association. The upper limit corresponds to a high number of underground pipeline types, while the lower limit corresponds to a low number of underground pipeline types. The initial calculated value is compared with the preset second weight range. If it falls within the range, it is directly used as the final second association weight; if it exceeds the range, the corresponding endpoint value is taken as the final second association weight to ensure the rationality of the second association weight.

[0042] Step S1257: Record the calculation process of the first correlation weight, including the values ​​of the terrain elevation change interval, the preset elevation interval, the first adjustment coefficient, and the basic weight of geographical complexity; record the calculation process of the second correlation weight, including the values ​​of the number of underground pipeline types, the preset number of pipelines, the second adjustment coefficient, and the basic weight of geographical complexity; and form a correlation weight calculation report.

[0043] Calculation process records were established for the first and second correlation weights, detailing the numerical values ​​of all parameters involved in the calculation, such as the range of terrain elevation changes, the preset elevation range, the first adjustment coefficient, the basic weight of geographical complexity, and the calculation results for each step. These records were compiled into a correlation weight calculation report, which included the calculation basis, parameter value explanations, calculation steps, and the final weight results, along with a list of geographical complexity parameters as an appendix. The correlation weight calculation report was used for traceability and review in subsequent planning processes, ensuring the transparency and repeatability of the weight calculations.

[0044] Step S126: Construct an association rule set based on the spatial location association dimension, avoidance distance association dimension, first association weight, and second association weight. Each rule in the association rule set corresponds to a constraint standard and weight value of an association mapping relationship.

[0045] A set of association rules is constructed, comprising two main categories: spatial location association rules and avoidance distance association rules. Spatial location association rules are formulated based on the spatial location association dimension and the first association weight, clarifying the constraint standards for the layout of optical cables on surface buildings under different terrain elevation conditions. For example, "when the terrain elevation change range is greater than a preset value and the first association weight is higher than a certain threshold, the horizontal distance between the optical cable path and the building outline must be greater than a certain value." Avoidance distance association rules are formulated based on the avoidance distance association dimension and the second association weight, clarifying the avoidance constraint standards under different types and numbers of underground pipelines. For example, "when the number of types of underground pipelines is greater than a preset value and the second association weight is higher than a certain threshold, the vertical distance between the optical cable and the underground gas pipeline must be greater than a certain value." Each rule is labeled with its corresponding association dimension, association weight value, and constraint standard. If there are conflicts between rules, priority is determined by the weight value, with the rule with the higher weight value taking precedence.

[0046] Step S127: Based on the set of association rules, the topographic data, surface building distribution data and underground pipeline distribution data are mapped into nodes. Each geographic element data corresponds to a mapping node. The association mapping relationship between different mapping nodes is represented by the connection lines corresponding to the association rules, and each connection line is labeled with the corresponding association weight value to obtain the association mapping map.

[0047] Topographic data, surface building distribution data, and underground pipeline distribution data are processed into nodes. Key elevation points in the terrain (such as highest points, lowest points, and slope change points), building outline vertices, and pipeline turning points and start / end points are mapped as independent nodes. Each node contains a node identifier, geographic coordinates, and corresponding feature type information. Based on a set of association rules, lines are drawn between nodes with associated mapping relationships. For example, a line connecting a key topographic elevation point to an adjacent building outline vertex represents a spatial location association, and a line connecting a building outline vertex to a pipeline turning point represents a avoidance distance association. A corresponding association weight value (first association weight or second association weight) is labeled on each connection, forming a visualized association mapping map. The map uses a hierarchical display method, with terrain nodes, building nodes, and pipeline nodes displayed as different colored and shaped markers. For example, terrain nodes are marked with triangles, building nodes with squares, and pipeline nodes with circles. The colors of different node types are clearly distinguishable for quick identification. In the layered structure of the mapping map, the terrain node layer serves as the bottom layer, the building node layer is superimposed on top of the terrain node layer, and the pipeline node layer is superimposed on the top layer. Each layer is kept transparent to ensure that the connections are clearly visible. Furthermore, different line types are used for these connections: solid lines represent spatial location connections, and dashed lines represent avoidance distance connections, further distinguishing different types of mapping relationships and making the information display of the mapping map more intuitive and easy to understand.

[0048] Step S128: Label each connection line in the association mapping graph with an association strength parameter. The association strength parameter is determined based on the strictness of the association rule constraint and the association weight value. The stricter the association rule constraint standard and the larger the association weight value, the higher the value of the association strength parameter.

[0049] Each connection line in the association mapping map is labeled with an association strength parameter. First, a constraint score is assigned based on the strictness of each rule in the association rule set; the stricter the constraint standard (e.g., stricter distance requirements, higher elevation matching accuracy), the higher the constraint score. Then, the constraint score is multiplied by the corresponding connection weight value to obtain the initial value of the association strength parameter. This initial value is then normalized to a preset numerical range to obtain the final association strength parameter. For example, a spatial location association line might have a constraint score of a certain value and an association weight value of a certain value; multiplying them and normalizing them yields the association strength parameter. A higher association strength parameter value indicates a stronger constraint effect of the association mapping relationship on the optical cable layout. In the map, the thickness of the association lines visually reflects the differences in association strength parameters; higher parameter values ​​result in thicker lines, facilitating rapid identification of key associations.

[0050] Step S130: Based on the constraints and association weights of each association mapping relationship in the association mapping map, generate an initial optical cable layout path set covering the target area. Each path in the initial optical cable layout path set meets the spatial location association and avoidance distance association requirements in the association mapping map.

[0051] Based on the completed association mapping map, the optical cable access point and convergence point in the target area are used as the starting and ending points. Paths that meet the association constraints and weight requirements are searched in the map to generate multiple initial optical cable layout paths, forming a set of paths covering the entire target area.

[0052] Step S131: Determine the starting point coordinates and ending point coordinates of the optical cable layout in the target area, and map the starting point coordinates and ending point coordinates to the associated mapping map to obtain the starting point mapping node and ending point mapping node in the associated mapping map. The starting point coordinates are the geographical coordinates of the optical cable access point in the target area, and the ending point coordinates are the geographical coordinates of the optical cable convergence point in the target area.

[0053] Within the comprehensive area of ​​the new urban district, the starting point for the optical cable layout is determined as the main optical cable access point on the edge of the area. The longitude and latitude coordinates of this access point are obtained through a geographic information system as the starting point coordinates. The ending point is determined as the optical cable aggregation room in the center of the area, and its geographic coordinates are obtained as the ending point coordinates. The starting point coordinates and the ending point coordinates are matched with nodes in the associated mapping map. If the coordinates correspond to an existing node, then that node is the starting point mapping node or the ending point mapping node. If the coordinates do not correspond to an existing node, a new node is added to the map as the starting point mapping node or the ending point mapping node. This new node contains the corresponding geographic coordinates and the type identifier of "access point" or "aggregation point", and is associated with surrounding terrain, building, or pipeline nodes. The association weight is set according to the average weight of the surrounding nodes.

[0054] Step S132: Select all intermediate mapping nodes located between the starting point mapping node and the ending point mapping node from the associated mapping map. The intermediate mapping nodes correspond to key elevation points of terrain and landform data, boundary turning points of surface building distribution data, and turning points of underground pipeline distribution data.

[0055] Using the starting and ending mapping nodes as boundaries, a search range is defined within the associated mapping map, and all intermediate mapping nodes within this range are selected. Intermediate mapping nodes include key elevation points in topographic data (such as points where slope changes exceed preset values, and elevation extremes), building boundary turning points in surface building distribution data (such as corner points of building outlines), and pipeline turning points in underground pipeline distribution data (such as inflection points where pipeline routes change). The selected intermediate mapping nodes are categorized by feature type, and the number and distribution of each type of node are statistically analyzed to ensure that intermediate mapping nodes comprehensively cover the geographic feature characteristics between the starting and ending points.

[0056] Step S133: Based on the association mapping relationship, association weight value and association strength parameter between each mapping node in the association mapping graph, construct a path search network. Each path branch in the path search network corresponds to a connection sequence of a set of mapping nodes, and each path branch is labeled with the corresponding association weight sum and association strength sum.

[0057] A path search network is constructed using the starting point, ending point, and intermediate points as network nodes, and the association mappings between nodes as network edges. Each network edge corresponds to an association line in the association mapping graph, inheriting its association weight value and association strength parameter. For any two nodes that can be connected by an association line, a path branch is formed, and the connection sequence of this path branch is "starting node - intermediate node - ... - ending node". The sum of the association weight values ​​of all network edges in each path branch is calculated as the total association weight of that path branch; the sum of the association strength parameters of all network edges is calculated as the total association strength of that path branch. The total association weight and the total association strength are marked on the corresponding path branches, and the number of nodes and the node sequence contained in the path branch are recorded to form a complete path search network structure.

[0058] Step S134: Use a multi-constraint priority ranking strategy to prioritize the path branches in the path search network and obtain the priority ranking results. The first priority is the path branch whose total association weight is higher than the preset weight threshold, the second priority is the path branch whose total association strength is higher than the preset strength threshold, and the third priority is the path branch whose number of connected nodes is less than the preset node threshold.

[0059] Preset weight thresholds, intensity thresholds, and node thresholds are established based on the efficiency and reliability requirements of the fiber optic cable deployment. First, path branches in the path search network whose total association weight exceeds the preset weight threshold are classified as first priority. These path branches meet the constraints of key geographic elements and have high reliability. Second, path branches that do not enter the first priority but whose total association intensity exceeds the preset intensity threshold are classified as second priority. These path branches have strong association constraints. Finally, path branches that do not enter the first two priorities but whose number of connected nodes is less than the preset node threshold are classified as third priority. These path branches have relatively simple routes and lower construction difficulty. Path branches within each priority are then sorted from highest to lowest according to their total association weight, forming the final priority ranking result. The ranking result includes the path branch identifier, priority level, and values ​​of various parameters.

[0060] Step S135: Select path branches from high to low according to the priority sorting results and perform path search. During the search process, for each path branch, first check whether it meets the elevation matching requirements of the spatial location association corresponding to the first association weight, and then check whether it meets the distance requirements of the avoidance distance association corresponding to the second association weight.

[0061] Based on the priority ranking, path branches are selected sequentially for search and verification, starting with the highest priority. For each selected path branch, all terrain and building nodes are first extracted. The elevation matching of these nodes is checked according to the spatial location association rules corresponding to the first association weight. After successful verification, the building and pipeline nodes within the path branch are then extracted, and the distance matching of these nodes is checked according to the avoidance distance association rules corresponding to the second association weight. Only path branches that pass both checks are retained as candidate paths, ensuring that the initial fiber optic cable layout path meets the constraints of geographical features.

[0062] Step S1351: Select the highest priority path branch from the priority sorting results as the current search branch, and extract the mapping node sequence and the first association weight corresponding to the current search branch.

[0063] In the priority ranking results, the path branch ranked first is selected as the current search branch, and its identifier and corresponding mapping node sequence are recorded (e.g., "starting node - node A - node B - node C - ending node"). The spatial location association weight portion is extracted from the sum of association weights of this path branch, and the corresponding first association weight value is determined. This first association weight value reflects the constraint strength of the path branch in terms of spatial location association. Simultaneously, all nodes related to spatial location association (terrain nodes and building nodes) in this path branch are extracted and compiled into a node list, specifying the geographic coordinates and elevation information of each node.

[0064] Step S1352: Based on the mapping node sequence, obtain the elevation distribution information of the terrain and landform data and the contour coordinate information of the surface building distribution data corresponding to each mapping node from the associated mapping map, and calculate the difference between the elevation value corresponding to the contour coordinate information of the surface building at each mapping node and the elevation distribution information of the terrain and landform data.

[0065] For each building node in the mapping node sequence of the current search branch, obtain its corresponding surface building outline coordinates from the associated mapping map. Based on these coordinates, find the elevation distribution information of the corresponding topographic data to obtain the topographic elevation value at the building node. Simultaneously, obtain the building's bottom elevation value (i.e., surface elevation) corresponding to the building outline coordinates from the building node's attribute information. Calculate the difference between the building's bottom elevation value and the topographic elevation value. If the building node is above a topographic node, the difference is the building's bottom elevation value minus the topographic elevation value; if the building node and the topographic node coincide, the difference is zero. Record the difference for each node in the node list, labeling it with the corresponding node identifier and coordinate information.

[0066] Step S1353: Determine the level of the allowable elevation difference based on the first association weight. The larger the value of the first association weight, the higher the level of the allowable elevation difference and the smaller the corresponding allowable difference value. Compare the value of the difference with the value of the allowable elevation difference under the current level. If the value of the difference at all mapping nodes is less than or equal to the value of the allowable elevation difference, then it is determined that the current search branch meets the elevation matching requirements of spatial location association.

[0067] A pre-defined hierarchy of allowable elevation differences is established, with levels ranging from low to high corresponding to allowable difference values ​​from large to small. The corresponding allowable elevation difference level is determined based on the first association weight value of the current search branch. For example, when the first association weight value is in the highest range, the highest level of allowable elevation difference is assigned, with the smallest allowable difference value. The difference value of each node in the node list is compared one by one with the allowable elevation difference value for the current level. If the difference values ​​of all nodes are less than or equal to the allowable difference value, it indicates that the node elevation relationships of this path branch meet the spatial location association constraints, and the current search branch passes the elevation matching check. If any node has a difference value greater than the allowable difference value, the elevation matching check fails.

[0068] Step S1354: If the current search branch meets the elevation matching requirements, extract the mapping node sequence and the second association weight corresponding to the current search branch, and obtain the contour coordinate information of the surface building distribution data and the direction coordinate information of the underground pipeline distribution data corresponding to each mapping node from the association mapping map.

[0069] Once the current search branch passes the elevation matching check, the mapping node sequence of that path branch and its corresponding second association weight value are extracted. This second association weight value reflects the constraint strength of the path branch in terms of avoidance distance association. From the association mapping map, the surface building outline coordinates of all building nodes and the underground pipeline direction coordinates of all pipeline nodes in that path branch are extracted. These coordinates are then organized into a building-pipeline node correspondence list according to the order of the nodes in the sequence, clarifying the spatial relationship between each building node and its surrounding pipeline nodes.

[0070] Step S1355: Calculate the shortest straight-line distance between the coordinates of the underground pipeline route and the coordinates of the building outline at each mapping node, and determine the level of the distance allowable value according to the second association weight. The larger the value of the second association weight, the higher the level of the distance allowable value and the larger the corresponding allowable value value. Compare the value of the shortest straight-line distance with the value of the distance allowable value at the current level. If the value of the shortest straight-line distance at all mapping nodes is greater than or equal to the value of the distance allowable value, then it is determined that the current search branch meets the distance requirements of the avoidance distance association.

[0071] For each building node and pipeline node combination in the building-pipeline node correspondence list, calculate the shortest straight-line distance between the building outline coordinates and the pipeline direction coordinates. During calculation, iterate through all points on the building outline and all points on the pipeline centerline, finding the point pair with the smallest distance; this distance is the shortest straight-line distance. A preset distance allowance value hierarchy is used, with levels ranging from low to high corresponding to allowance values ​​from small to large. The corresponding distance allowance value level is determined based on the second association weight value; the larger the second association weight value, the higher the allowance value level and the larger the allowed distance value. Compare the shortest straight-line distance of each node combination with the corresponding level's distance allowance value. If the shortest straight-line distance of all combinations is greater than or equal to the distance allowance value, the current search branch is determined to meet the distance requirements for avoidance distance association; if any combination does not meet the requirements, the distance check is deemed unsuccessful.

[0072] Step S1356: If the current search branch meets both the elevation matching requirement and the distance requirement, retain it in the candidate path set and mark the priority level, first association weight and second association weight of the path branch.

[0073] When the current search branch passes both the elevation matching check and the distance check, its identifier, mapping node sequence, sum of association weights, sum of association strengths, priority level, first association weight, and second association weight are stored in the candidate path set. A "verified" status is added to this path branch for quick identification during subsequent filtering. Simultaneously, specific data on the path branch's passing of the two checks, such as maximum elevation difference and minimum avoidance distance, are recorded as a reference for subsequent path optimization.

[0074] Step S1357: If the current search branch does not meet the elevation matching requirement or distance requirement, discard the path branch, select the next priority path branch from the priority ranking results as the new current search branch, and repeat the above steps until the search of all priority path branches is completed.

[0075] If the current search branch fails the elevation matching or distance check, remove that path branch from the path search network and stop participating in subsequent screening. Record the reason for rejection (e.g., "elevation difference of a node exceeds the standard" or "distance between a building and pipeline is insufficient"). Select the next highest-ranked path branch from the priority ranking results as the new current search branch, and repeat the checking process from steps S1351 to S1356. Continue in this manner until all path branches in the path search network have been traversed, ensuring that all eligible path branches are included in the candidate path set.

[0076] Step S136: For path branches that simultaneously meet the elevation matching requirements and distance requirements, retain them in the candidate path set and record the total association weight, total association strength, and number of connected nodes of the path branch; when the number of path branches in the candidate path set reaches a preset threshold, stop the path search and convert the path branches in the candidate path set into actual coordinate paths in the geographic information system. The actual coordinate paths include the geographic coordinates of each point on the path and the distance between adjacent points, forming an initial optical cable layout path set covering the target area.

[0077] Continuously collect verified path branches into the candidate path set, and count the number of path branches in the set in real time. When the number reaches a preset threshold (set according to the coverage requirements and path diversity requirements of the target area), the path search process stops to avoid generating too many redundant paths. For each path branch in the candidate path set, its mapping node sequence is converted into an actual coordinate path in the geographic information system: using the geographic coordinates of the nodes as a reference, an interpolation algorithm is used to supplement the intermediate coordinate points between nodes, so that the path connects discrete nodes into a continuous line; the straight-line distance between adjacent coordinate points is calculated and marked on the path. All converted actual coordinate paths are integrated to form an initial optical cable layout path set covering the target area. Each path contains a complete coordinate sequence, distance information, and corresponding associated parameters.

[0078] Step S140: Perform geographical adaptation adjustment on each path in the initial optical cable layout path set to obtain the adapted optical cable layout path set.

[0079] For the initial set of optical cable layout paths in the comprehensive area of ​​the new urban area, each path needs to be adjusted for geographical adaptability based on the specific topographic relief, building distribution and underground pipeline direction in the area, to resolve spatial conflicts between the path and geographical elements, optimize the path direction to improve construction feasibility and economy, and finally form a set of adapted optical cable layout paths.

[0080] Step S141: Extract the undulation feature information and association weight value of the terrain and landform data corresponding to each initial optical cable layout path from the association mapping map. The undulation feature information includes the elevation change amplitude, elevation change frequency and elevation change trend along the path. The association weight value includes the first association weight and the second association weight corresponding to the initial optical cable layout path.

[0081] The geographic coordinate sequence of each path in the initial optical cable layout path set is extracted one by one. Based on this coordinate sequence, the corresponding topographic data range is located in the associated mapping map, and the undulation feature information along the path is extracted. The elevation change range is determined by calculating the elevation difference between the starting and ending points of the path and combining it with the difference of the elevation extreme points along the path; the elevation change frequency is determined by the ratio of the number of sections along the path whose slope exceeds a preset threshold to the total length of the path; the elevation change trend is determined by analyzing the elevation value change curve along the path with distance to determine whether it is an upward trend, a downward trend, or a fluctuating trend. At the same time, the first association weight (reflecting the spatial location association constraint strength) and the second association weight (reflecting the avoidance distance association constraint strength) corresponding to each path are extracted, and the undulation feature information and association weight values ​​are bound to the corresponding initial path to form a path feature data table.

[0082] Step S142: Divide the path segments according to the elevation change amplitude and the first correlation weight in the undulation feature information. The larger the value of the first correlation weight, the smaller the division interval of the elevation change amplitude. Divide the continuous path areas with elevation change amplitude values ​​within the same division interval into the same path segments.

[0083] The segment division interval is set based on the elevation change range and the first correlation weight of each initial path. The higher the first correlation weight value, the stricter the spatial location correlation constraint, and the smaller the division interval, so as to achieve more precise adaptation and adjustment. For example, when the first correlation weight is in the high range, segments are divided with smaller elevation change range intervals; when it is in the low range, segments are divided with larger intervals. Along the coordinate sequence of the initial path, starting from the starting point, continuous coordinate areas with elevation change ranges within the same division interval are divided into a path segment. Each segment records the starting coordinates, ending coordinates, segment length, and corresponding undulation characteristic parameters to ensure that the terrain undulation characteristics within each segment are relatively consistent, facilitating targeted adjustments.

[0084] Step S143: For each path segment, determine the optimization direction of the path direction by combining the elevation change frequency and the first correlation weight.

[0085] The relationship between the elevation change frequency and the first association weight of each path segment is analyzed: when the elevation change frequency is high and the first association weight is large, it indicates that the terrain of the segment is complex and the constraints are strict. The optimization direction is to follow the contour lines of the terrain as closely as possible to reduce drastic elevation changes and reduce construction difficulty. When the elevation change frequency is low and the first association weight is small, the optimization direction can be appropriately adjusted to shorten the path length or avoid other geographical obstacles. By drawing the contour line distribution map of the path segment, the angle between the existing path direction and the contour lines is compared. If the angle is too large (exceeding the preset angle threshold), the optimization direction is set to reduce the angle so that the path is closer to the contour lines. If the angle meets the requirements, the optimization direction is fine-tuned according to the distribution of surrounding buildings and pipelines.

[0086] Step S144: Adjust the coordinate orientation of the path segment according to the determined optimization direction. During the adjustment process, extract the outline coordinate information of the surface building distribution data and the orientation coordinate information of the underground pipeline distribution data corresponding to the path segment, and calculate the spatial overlap between the path segment and the surface building outline coordinate information, and the spatial overlap between the path segment and the underground pipeline orientation coordinate information.

[0087] The coordinate sequence of the path segments is adjusted according to the optimization direction. This optimization is achieved by moving the intermediate coordinate points within a segment or adjusting the coordinates of the segment endpoints. During the adjustment process, the coordinate information of the surface building outlines and the coordinate information of underground pipelines corresponding to each segment are extracted in real time from the geographic feature dataset. The overlap is calculated using spatial overlay analysis: the spatial overlap between the path and buildings is the ratio of the overlapping area of ​​the path segment and the building outline polygon to the total area of ​​the path segment; the spatial overlap between the path and pipelines is the ratio of the overlapping length of the path segment and the pipeline centerline to the total length of the path segment. These two calculated overlap values ​​are fed back into the adjustment process in real time as the basis for the adjustment range.

[0088] Step S145: When the spatial overlap value is higher than the preset overlap threshold, the coordinate orientation of the path segment is adjusted based on the second association weight until the spatial overlap value is lower than the preset overlap threshold, thus completing the spatial conflict coordination between the surface building distribution data and the underground pipeline distribution data. The larger the value of the second association weight, the greater the adjustment range of the path segment deviating from the original orientation.

[0089] A preset overlap threshold (distinguishing between building overlap threshold and pipeline overlap threshold) is used. If the spatial overlap between a path segment and a building or pipeline exceeds the corresponding threshold, a spatial conflict is identified, requiring further adjustment based on the second association weight. The larger the second association weight, the stricter the avoidance distance constraint and the larger the adjustment range: the coordinate point is shifted away from the original path direction towards a direction away from the building or pipeline, with the shift distance positively correlated with the second association weight. After each adjustment, the spatial overlap is recalculated. If it is still higher than the threshold, the adjustment continues in the same direction until the overlap is lower than the threshold. For example, if a path segment has excessive overlap with a gas pipeline and a large second association weight, a significant shift of the path direction is required; if it has slightly excessive overlap with a water supply pipeline and a small second association weight, a small shift is sufficient.

[0090] Step S1451: Calculate the first spatial overlap between the path segment and the coordinate information of the surface building outline, and the second spatial overlap between the path segment and the coordinate information of the underground pipeline direction. The first spatial overlap is the ratio of the area of ​​the overlapping region between the path segment and the surface building outline to the total area of ​​the path segment. The second spatial overlap is the ratio of the length of the overlapping region between the path segment and the underground pipeline direction to the total length of the path segment.

[0091] Using spatial analysis tools from a Geographic Information System (GIS), the coordinate sequences of path segments are converted into polygons (expanded by the path width). These polygons are then overlaid with the polygonal features of surface building outlines to calculate the area of ​​the overlapping region. This area is divided by the total area of ​​the path segment polygons to obtain the first spatial overlap. The coordinate sequences of path segments are then converted into line features and overlaid with the line features of underground pipeline routes to calculate the length of the overlapping region. This length is divided by the total length of the path segment line features to obtain the second spatial overlap. During the calculation process, it is necessary to ensure that the width of the path polygon features matches the actual construction width of the optical cable laying, and that the accuracy of the pipeline line features matches the data acquisition accuracy of the underground pipeline data.

[0092] Step S1452: Compare the values ​​of the first spatial overlap and the second spatial overlap with the value of the preset overlap threshold. If either spatial overlap value is higher than the value of the preset overlap threshold, it is determined that there is a spatial conflict in the path segment and the coordinate direction needs to be adjusted.

[0093] A first overlap threshold (for building overlap) and a second overlap threshold (for pipeline overlap) are preset, both set according to the safety distance requirements between optical cable laying specifications and buildings and pipelines. The calculated first spatial overlap degree is compared with the first overlap threshold, and the second spatial overlap degree is compared with the second overlap threshold: if only the first spatial overlap degree exceeds the standard, it is determined to be a building conflict; if only the second spatial overlap degree exceeds the standard, it is determined to be a pipeline conflict; if both exceed the standard, it is determined to be a compound conflict. Regardless of the type of conflict, the coordinate orientation adjustment process of the path segment must be initiated. Different conflict types will affect the priority of adjustment (e.g., pipeline conflicts have higher priority than building conflicts).

[0094] Step S1453: Extract the second association weight corresponding to the path segment, and determine the adjustment range coefficient based on the second association weight. The value of the second association weight is positively correlated with the value of the adjustment range coefficient. The larger the value of the second association weight, the larger the value of the adjustment range coefficient. The value range of the adjustment range coefficient is within the preset range.

[0095] The second correlation weight corresponding to the current path segment is extracted from the path feature data table. A preset weight-amplitude mapping table is then queried to determine the corresponding adjustment amplitude coefficient. This weight-amplitude mapping table is divided according to the numerical range of the second correlation weight, with each range corresponding to an adjustment amplitude coefficient. The larger the weight value, the larger the coefficient, but the maximum value of the coefficient does not exceed the upper limit of the preset amplitude range, and the minimum value does not fall below the lower limit, to avoid excessive adjustment amplitude causing the overall path to deviate from the target direction. For example, when the second correlation weight is in the highest range, the adjustment amplitude coefficient is the upper limit value; when it is in the lowest range, the lower limit value is used.

[0096] Step S1454: Determine the adjustment direction of the path segment based on the adjustment amplitude coefficient. The adjustment direction is the direction away from the coordinate information of the surface building outline or the coordinate information of the underground pipeline.

[0097] The adjustment direction is determined through spatial distance analysis: Calculate the shortest distance between each point on the centerline of the path segment and the building outline or pipeline centerline, find the point with the smallest distance (conflict point), and the direction of the line connecting this point to the building / pipeline is the conflict direction. The adjustment direction is set to the opposite direction of the conflict direction. If there are multiple conflicts, the conflict directions with the building and pipeline must be calculated separately, and the final adjustment direction is determined through vector synthesis, giving higher weight to the pipeline conflict direction during synthesis. For example, if a path segment conflicts with both a building and a gas pipeline, the gas pipeline conflict direction has a higher weight, and the final adjustment direction is more biased towards moving away from the gas pipeline.

[0098] Step S1455: Calculate the new coordinates of each endpoint of the path segment according to the determined adjustment direction and adjustment amplitude coefficient. The offset distance between the new coordinates and the original coordinates is equal to the product of the adjustment amplitude coefficient and the length of the original path segment.

[0099] Using the start and end points of the path segment as adjustment base points, an offset vector is calculated according to the adjustment direction. The magnitude (offset distance) of the offset vector is the product of the adjustment amplitude coefficient and the original path segment length. The original coordinates of the start point are added to the offset vector to obtain the new coordinates of the start point; the original coordinates of the end point are added to the offset vector to obtain the new coordinates of the end point. For intermediate coordinate points within the segment, the offset is allocated proportionally to the distance from the start point, and the new coordinates of the intermediate points are calculated to ensure that the adjusted path segment has a smooth direction without obvious inflection points. For example, if the original path segment length is a certain value, the adjustment amplitude coefficient is a certain value, and the offset distance is the product of the two, moving each coordinate point along the adjustment direction yields a new coordinate sequence.

[0100] Step S1456: Regenerate the path segment based on the new coordinates, and calculate the new first spatial overlap between the new path segment and the coordinate information of the surface building outline, and the new second spatial overlap between the new path segment and the coordinate information of the underground pipeline direction.

[0101] Based on the calculated new coordinate sequence, regenerate the path segments (line features and polygon features). Repeat the calculation method in step S1451 to calculate the new first spatial overlap between the new path segments and the surface building outlines, and the new second spatial overlap with the underground pipeline orientation. During the calculation process, keep the analysis parameters (such as path width and analysis precision) consistent with the previous ones to ensure that the overlap values ​​are comparable and accurately reflect the conflict mitigation effect after adjustment.

[0102] Step S1457: If both the new first spatial overlap value and the new second spatial overlap value are lower than the preset overlap threshold value, then stop the adjustment and determine that the new path segment is the path segment after conflict coordination; if there are still spatial overlap values ​​higher than the preset overlap threshold value, increase the adjustment amplitude coefficient value, and the increased adjustment amplitude coefficient value does not exceed the maximum value of the preset amplitude range. Repeat the above new coordinate calculation and spatial overlap calculation steps until all spatial overlap values ​​are lower than the preset overlap threshold value, and complete the spatial conflict coordination.

[0103] The new first spatial overlap is compared with the first overlap threshold, and the new second spatial overlap is compared with the second overlap threshold. If both are lower than the threshold, the conflict is resolved, and the new path segment is taken as the final coordination result. If either overlap is still higher than the threshold, the adjustment amplitude coefficient is increased by a fixed step size within a preset amplitude range, and the calculation process of steps S1455 to S1456 is repeated to regenerate the path segment and calculate the overlap. If the adjustment amplitude coefficient has reached the maximum value of the range but the conflict is still not resolved, the path segment direction is replanned in conjunction with surrounding geographical features (such as detouring through other flat terrain areas), rather than simply increasing the offset, to avoid the path deviating excessively from the initial direction.

[0104] Step S146: Perform connection processing on the adjusted path segments, calculate the elevation difference and coordinate deviation at the connection point of adjacent path segments, determine the connection smoothness requirement based on the first association weight, and make the connection point meet the smoothness requirement by fine-tuning the endpoint coordinates of the path segments. The larger the value of the first association weight, the smaller the allowable range of elevation difference and coordinate deviation at the connection point.

[0105] Arrange all adjusted path segments under the same initial path in their original order, and locate the connection points between adjacent segments (the end point of the previous segment and the beginning point of the next segment). Calculate the elevation difference (the difference between the elevation of the beginning point of the next segment and the elevation of the end point of the previous segment) and coordinate deviation (the straight-line distance between the two points in the horizontal direction) at the connection points. Set the connection smoothness requirements according to the first association weight: when the first association weight is large, the allowable range of elevation difference and coordinate deviation is small, requiring a smoother connection; when the weight is small, the allowable range is large. If the elevation difference or coordinate deviation exceeds the allowable range, fine-tune the elevation value and horizontal coordinate of the beginning point of the next segment. The fine-tuning range shall not exceed the preset proportion of the total length of the segment, ensuring that the overall direction of the adjusted segment remains unchanged, and only optimizing the smoothness of the connection.

[0106] Step S147: Repeat the above adjustment and connection processing steps until all path segments of each initial optical cable layout path are optimized and there are no spatial conflicts. Collect all adjusted optical cable layout paths to form a set of adapted optical cable layout paths. Each adjusted optical cable layout path includes the coordinates of each adjusted path segment, the optimization direction, and conflict coordination records.

[0107] For each path in the initial set of optical cable layout paths, the steps of segment division, route optimization, conflict coordination, and connection handling are executed sequentially. After each path adjustment is completed, it is checked whether it meets the three conditions of "no spatial conflict," "smooth connection," and "compliance with association weight constraints." If it meets these conditions, it is included in the adapted path set; otherwise, the corresponding adjustment step is back to be re-optimized. Each adjusted path must be accompanied by a complete process record, including an explanation of the optimization direction of each segment, specific conflict coordination measures (such as offset direction and magnitude), and a comparison of parameters before and after the adjustment, forming a traceable adaptation adjustment file. Finally, all qualified paths are integrated to form the adapted optical cable layout path set.

[0108] Step S150: Based on the adapted optical cable layout path set, determine the connection nodes and optical cable laying methods of each path, and simultaneously construct an association matching model between connection nodes and laying methods to adapt the laying methods to the geographical feature characteristics at the connection nodes, thereby generating the final optical cable layout planning scheme for the target area.

[0109] Based on the adapted set of optical cable layout paths, the intersection and connection nodes of different paths are identified, the optical cable laying method of each node and path segment is matched, and the laying method is adapted to the geographical elements through the association matching model. Finally, a complete optical cable layout planning scheme covering the comprehensive area of ​​the new urban area is formed.

[0110] Step S151: Analyze the intersection of each path in the adapted optical cable layout path set, calculate the intersection coordinates between any two paths, and when the path spacing at the intersection coordinates is less than a preset spacing threshold, determine the intersection coordinates as a path connection node. The path connection node includes the node's geographical coordinates, the number of intersecting paths, and the intersecting path identifier.

[0111] The algorithm iterates through all path pairs in the adapted optical cable layout path set and uses a line element intersection analysis algorithm to calculate the coordinates of the intersection point between any two paths. For each intersection point, the algorithm calculates the distance (vertical distance) between the two paths within a preset range around the intersection point. If the distance is less than a preset distance threshold (set based on the parallel laying distance requirements during optical cable installation), the intersection point is determined to be a path connection node. The algorithm records the geographic coordinates (longitude, latitude, elevation), the number of intersecting paths (e.g., two intersections, three intersections), and the identifiers of each intersecting path (e.g., path A, path B). It also marks the terrain type (e.g., flat land, slope) and surrounding major geographic features (e.g., nearby buildings, pipelines) at the node, forming a list of connection nodes.

[0112] Step S152: For each path connection node, extract the directional coordinate information of the underground pipeline distribution data, the outline coordinate information of the surface building distribution data, and the elevation distribution information of the topography data corresponding to the path connection node from the association mapping map, and define them as the geographic feature of the connection node.

[0113] Centered on the geographic coordinates of the connecting nodes, a certain analysis area is delineated in the correlation mapping map. Within this area, the coordinate information of underground pipeline routes (including pipeline type, burial depth, and diameter), the coordinate information of surface building outlines (including building height and purpose), and the elevation distribution information of topography (including node elevation and surrounding slope) are extracted. This information is then categorized into "pipeline-building-topography" to form a geographic feature vector for each connecting node. The dimensions of the feature vector include the number and types of pipelines, building distances, elevation values, and slope values, ensuring a comprehensive reflection of the geographic environmental characteristics at the node.

[0114] Step S153: Determine the type of optical cable laying method. The optical cable laying method includes underground laying, ground laying and overhead laying. Each laying method corresponds to a set of applicable geographical feature ranges.

[0115] The specific types and applicable conditions of the three laying methods are clearly defined: Underground laying methods include direct burial, pipeline laying, and trench laying, suitable for areas with flat terrain, minimal interference from underground pipelines, and low surface building density; Ground laying methods include cable trench laying and cable tray laying, suitable for areas with small terrain undulations, short-term temporary laying, or areas where surface excavation is unsuitable; Overhead laying methods include overhead poles and overhead towers, suitable for areas with dense surface buildings, complex underground pipelines, and steep terrain slopes. Applicable geographical feature ranges are defined for each laying method. For example, underground direct burial requires minimal changes in node elevation, spacing between surrounding pipelines greater than a safe distance, and no large buildings obstructing the view; overhead laying requires available supporting structures (such as existing poles) around the node and a terrain slope greater than a preset value.

[0116] Step S154: Construct an association matching model between connection nodes and laying methods. Take the geographical features of the connection nodes as the model input and the optical cable laying method type as the model output. Calculate the matching degree between the geographical features and the applicable scope of each laying method, and select the laying method with the highest matching degree value as the recommended laying method for the connection node.

[0117] A rule-based reasoning and data-driven approach is used to construct an association matching model. First, a rule base is established to store rules such as "If a geographic feature meets a certain condition, then a certain laying method is recommended" (e.g., "If the surrounding building density is high and there are existing utility poles, then overhead laying is recommended"). Second, the matching model is trained using historical planning data to learn the mapping relationship between geographic feature characteristics and laying methods. The geographic feature vectors of connecting nodes are input into the model. Initial matching is performed using the rule base, and then the model calculates the matching degree with the three laying methods. The matching degree is calculated based on the degree of fit between the features and the applicable scope; the higher the fit, the greater the matching degree. Finally, the laying method with the highest matching degree is selected as the recommendation result.

[0118] Step S1541: Define the geographic feature parameters at the connection node. The geographic feature parameters include the node elevation value, the density of surface buildings around the node, the density of underground pipelines around the node, and the slope of the terrain around the node. The density of surface buildings around the node is the ratio of the area occupied by surface buildings within the preset radius of the node to the total area of ​​the preset radius of the node. The density of underground pipelines around the node is the ratio of the total length of underground pipelines within the preset radius of the node to the total area of ​​the range.

[0119] The geographic features at the connecting nodes are quantified into specific parameters: node elevation values ​​are directly extracted from terrain data; the building density around the node is obtained by calculating the ratio of the building footprint within a preset radius (set according to the node type, such as the radius of an intersection node being larger than that of a regular node) to the total area of ​​that radius; the underground pipeline density around the node is obtained by calculating the ratio of the total length of all pipelines within the same radius to the total area of ​​that radius; the terrain slope around the node is obtained by extracting slope data within that range and calculating the average value. Each parameter is labeled with its unit and calculation range to ensure the comparability of characteristic parameters of different nodes.

[0120] Step S1542: Set the applicable geographical feature range for each type of optical cable laying method.

[0121] The applicable geographical feature range set for the underground laying method is as follows: the elevation change of the node is within the preset low range to ensure that the terrain is relatively flat and reduce the difficulty of excavation; the density of surface buildings around the node is lower than the preset low density threshold to avoid the excavation space being limited due to dense buildings; the density of underground pipelines around the node is lower than the preset low pipeline density threshold, and the distance from existing underground pipelines is greater than the safe avoidance distance to reduce the risk of interference to other pipelines during construction; the slope of the terrain around the node is less than the preset gentle slope threshold to prevent safety problems such as slope collapse after excavation.

[0122] The applicable geographical features for ground-laying are as follows: the elevation variation of the node is within the preset low-to-medium range, the terrain undulation is small, which is convenient for laying cable trenches or trays; the density of surface buildings around the node is lower than the preset medium density threshold, and there is enough ground space for the construction of laying facilities; the density of underground pipelines around the node is higher than the preset high pipeline density threshold (because the underground pipelines are complex and not suitable for excavation), or there are unexcavable obstacles underground (such as rock layers); the slope of the terrain around the node is less than the preset medium slope threshold to ensure the stability of the ground-laying facilities.

[0123] The applicable geographical features for overhead laying are as follows: the elevation variation of the node is within the preset high range, the terrain is undulating, and the difficulty of underground or surface laying is extremely high; the density of surface buildings around the node is higher than the preset high density threshold, the ground space is narrow, and there are no conditions for underground laying; the density of underground pipelines around the node is in any range, but there are important underground pipelines that cannot be avoided (such as high-pressure gas pipelines); the slope of the terrain around the node is greater than the preset steep slope threshold, and there are available support structures (such as existing power poles and communication towers) or conditions for building new support structures.

[0124] Step S1543: Construct a matching degree calculation function. The matching degree calculation function takes the deviation value between the geographic element feature parameters and the applicable scope as input. The smaller the deviation value, the higher the matching degree value. The matching degree value ranges from 0 to 1.

[0125] When constructing the matching degree calculation function, for each geographic feature parameter, the deviation value between its actual value and the applicable range of the corresponding laying method is calculated. The calculation rule for the deviation value is as follows: if the actual value is within the applicable range, the deviation value is 0; if the actual value exceeds the applicable range, the deviation value is the difference between the actual value and the boundary value of the applicable range (take the absolute value).

[0126] The deviation values ​​of each parameter are normalized and converted into values ​​between 0 and 1, where 0 represents no deviation and 1 represents the maximum deviation.

[0127] Set weight coefficients for each parameter and assign weights according to the degree of influence of the parameter on the applicability of the laying method. For example, the terrain slope has the greatest impact on overhead laying, so it has the highest weight coefficient; the density of buildings on the ground has a relatively large impact on ground laying, so it has the second highest weight coefficient.

[0128] The formula for calculating the matching degree is: Matching degree = 1 - (normalized deviation value of parameter 1 × weight coefficient of parameter 1 + normalized deviation value of parameter 2 × weight coefficient of parameter 2 + ... + normalized deviation value of parameter n × weight coefficient of parameter n). The matching degree value calculated by this formula ranges from 0 to 1. The closer the value is to 1, the higher the degree of adaptation between the geographic feature characteristics and the laying method.

[0129] Step S1544: Input the geographic feature parameters at the connection node into the matching degree calculation function, and calculate the matching degree between the connection node and the underground laying method, the ground laying method and the overhead laying method respectively, to obtain the first matching degree, the second matching degree and the third matching degree.

[0130] Taking a connecting node in a comprehensive area of ​​a new urban district as an example, its geographical feature parameters are extracted: the elevation change range of the node is a certain value, the density of surface buildings around the node is a certain value, the density of underground pipelines around the node is a certain value, and the slope of the terrain around the node is a certain value.

[0131] Input the above parameters into the matching degree calculation function respectively. For underground laying, calculate the deviation value between each parameter and the applicable range of underground laying. After normalization and weighted summation, the first matching degree is obtained. For ground laying, repeat the above calculation process to obtain the second matching degree. For overhead laying, the third matching degree is calculated in the same way.

[0132] During the calculation process, it is necessary to strictly follow the applicable scope and parameter weight coefficients of each laying method to ensure that the calculation process of each matching degree is traceable and that the results accurately reflect the compatibility of the node with different laying methods.

[0133] Step S1545: Compare the values ​​of the first matching degree, the second matching degree, and the third matching degree, and select the laying method corresponding to the matching degree with the largest value as the recommended laying method at the connection node.

[0134] The calculated first, second, and third matching degrees are compared numerically. If the first matching degree is the largest, it indicates that the geographical features of the connection node are most suitable for underground laying, so underground laying (such as direct burial or pipeline laying) is recommended. If the second matching degree is the largest, ground laying (such as cable trench laying) is recommended. If the third matching degree is the largest, overhead laying (such as using existing poles) is recommended.

[0135] For example, if the first matching degree of a certain connection node is 0.85, the second matching degree is 0.5, and the third matching degree is 0.3, it is recommended that the node be laid underground because the first matching degree value is the largest.

[0136] Step S1546: If there are two or more laying methods with the same matching degree value and both are the maximum value, introduce the second association weight corresponding to the connection node to determine the final recommended laying method.

[0137] When two or more laying methods have the same matching degree value and all of them are the maximum value (e.g., the first matching degree and the second matching degree are both 0.75 and are greater than the third matching degree), the second association weight corresponding to the connecting node needs to be introduced for further judgment.

[0138] If the second association weight is greater than the preset weight threshold, it indicates that the underground pipeline association constraints around the node are strict, and the laying method with less interference to the underground pipelines is preferred. For example, when the matching degree of underground laying and surface laying is the same, if the second association weight is large, the surface laying method is recommended because it does not require excavation and has no interference to the underground pipelines; if the second association weight is less than the preset weight threshold, the laying method with lower construction cost is preferred. Underground laying is usually cheaper than surface laying, so the underground laying method is recommended.

[0139] If there is an extreme case where the matching degree of the three laying methods is the same, in addition to introducing a second association weight, it is also necessary to comprehensively determine the recommended laying method by combining the functional positioning of the node (such as whether it is a core intersection node).

[0140] Step S1547: Record the geographic feature parameters of the connection node, the matching degree of each laying method, and the selection basis of the recommended laying method, and form a matching report of connection node and laying method.

[0141] A matching report is created for each connecting node, which records in detail the node identifier, geographic coordinates, and geographic feature parameters (node ​​elevation, surface building density, underground pipeline density, and terrain slope) with specific values ​​and units.

[0142] Record the matching degree values ​​of the node with the three laying methods of underground, ground and overhead, as well as the specific type of the recommended laying method (such as underground direct burial, ground cable trench laying and overhead pole laying).

[0143] In the selection criteria section, explain the matching advantage of the recommended laying method. If there are cases with the same matching degree, explain the judgment process after introducing the second association weight and the final selection reason.

[0144] All matching reports for the connection nodes were compiled into a booklet as an important technical archive for optical cable layout planning, facilitating reference and traceability during subsequent construction and operation and maintenance.

[0145] Step S155: Based on the undulation characteristics of the terrain data corresponding to the adapted optical cable layout path and the second association weight, determine the optical cable laying method in the non-connection node area of ​​each path. The larger the value of the second association weight, the higher the priority of the underground laying method.

[0146] For non-connecting node areas in the adapted optical cable layout path, excluding connecting nodes, extract the topographic features (elevation change range, terrain slope) and corresponding second association weights.

[0147] If the second correlation weight value is greater than the preset high weight threshold, it indicates that the underground pipeline correlation constraints in the area are strict, and underground laying methods (such as pipeline laying) are preferred to reduce the impact on underground pipelines; if the second correlation weight value is in the preset medium weight range, the following judgment is made based on the undulation characteristic information: if the elevation change is small and the terrain slope is gentle, underground direct burial is selected; if the elevation change is moderate and the terrain slope is moderate, ground cable trench laying is selected.

[0148] If the second associated weight value is less than the preset low weight threshold, the lowest cost laying method is selected based on the undulation feature information: if the terrain is flat, underground direct burial is selected; if the terrain has certain undulations but no underground pipeline interference, ground tray laying is selected; if the terrain has large undulations, overhead laying is selected.

[0149] After determining the laying method, record the path identifier, start and end coordinates, laying method type and selection basis of the area to ensure that it matches the laying method of the connecting nodes and forms a coherent path laying plan.

[0150] Step S156: Integrate the location of the connecting nodes of each path, the recommended laying method at the connecting nodes, and the laying method in the non-connecting node area into path attribute information. Associate each path attribute information with the corresponding adapted optical cable layout path, and record the matching basis of the path and laying method during the association process.

[0151] Create a path attribute information table for each adapted optical cable layout path, including path identifier, path coordinate sequence, list of connection node locations (marking the geographical coordinates and node type of each connection node), recommended laying method at the connection node, and laying method segmentation information for non-connection node areas (dividing into segments according to different laying methods, and marking the start and end coordinates of each segment).

[0152] The path attribute information is associated with the corresponding adapted optical cable layout path through path identifiers. During the association process, for each laying method selection, the matching basis is recorded, such as "the second association weight of this area is high and the terrain is flat, so underground direct burial is selected" and "the surface building density of this connection node is high, and the matching degree calculation shows that overhead laying is the best, so overhead laying is recommended".

[0153] After the association is completed, the path and laying method information are overlaid and displayed through the geographic information system, which intuitively presents the laying plan for each path, making it easier to check the rationality and consistency of the laying method.

[0154] Step S157: Based on the associated path and path attribute information, generate the final optical cable layout planning scheme for the target area. The final optical cable layout planning scheme includes the coordinate sequence of each path, the distribution table of connection nodes, the distribution map of laying methods, and the matching description of paths and laying methods.

[0155] By integrating all the associated and adapted optical cable layout paths and path attribute information, the final optical cable layout planning scheme for the target area (comprehensive area of ​​the new urban district) is generated.

[0156] The plan details the coordinate sequence of each optical cable path, including the starting point, turning points, ending points, and intermediate interpolated coordinates, ensuring that the coordinate accuracy meets construction requirements. The connection node distribution table lists the identifiers, geographical coordinates, number of intersecting paths, and recommended laying methods for all connection nodes. The laying method distribution map uses a layered coloring method, marking areas with different laying methods on the geographic information system map, such as blue for underground laying, yellow for ground laying, and red for overhead laying.

[0157] The section on matching routes and laying methods explains the basis for selecting laying methods for each route, combining geographical feature characteristics, correlation weights, and matching degree calculation results. A matching report of key connection nodes is also attached.

[0158] The final optical cable layout plan should also include a technical feasibility analysis, construction cost estimation, and operation and maintenance recommendations.

[0159] Figure 2 The illustration shows exemplary hardware and software components of an optical cable layout planning system 100 incorporating a geographic information system, which can implement the ideas of this application, according to some embodiments of this application. For example, a processor 120 can be used in the optical cable layout planning system 100 incorporating a geographic information system and to perform the functions in this application.

[0160] The fiber optic cable layout planning system 100 integrated with a geographic information system can be a general-purpose server or a special-purpose server; both can be used to implement the fiber optic cable layout planning method integrated with a geographic information system as described in this application. Although only one server is shown in this application, for convenience, the functions described in this application can be implemented in a distributed manner on multiple similar platforms to balance the load.

[0161] For example, the fiber optic cable layout planning system 100 integrated with a geographic information system may include a network port 110 connected to a network, one or more processors 120 for executing program instructions, a communication bus 130, and various forms of storage media 140, such as a disk, ROM, or RAM, or any combination thereof. Exemplarily, the fiber optic cable layout planning system 100 integrated with a geographic information system may also include program instructions stored in ROM, RAM, or other types of non-transitory storage media, or any combination thereof. The methods of this application can be implemented according to these program instructions. The fiber optic cable layout planning system 100 integrated with a geographic information system also includes an I / O interface 150 between the computer and other input / output devices.

[0162] For ease of explanation, only one processor is described in the fiber optic cable layout planning system 100 integrated with a geographic information system. However, it should be noted that the fiber optic cable layout planning system 100 integrated with a geographic information system in this application may also include multiple processors. Therefore, the steps performed by one processor as described in this application may also be performed jointly or individually by multiple processors. For example, if the processor of the fiber optic cable layout planning system 100 integrated with a geographic information system performs steps A and B, it should be understood that steps A and B may also be performed jointly by two different processors or individually by one processor. For example, the first processor performs step A, the second processor performs step B, or the first processor and the second processor jointly perform steps A and B.

[0163] It should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the present invention and thus help to understand one or more embodiments of the invention, multiple features may sometimes be grouped into one embodiment, drawing or description thereof in the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optical cable layout planning combined with a geographic information system, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire multiple types of geographic element data from a geographic information system, including topographic data, surface building distribution data, and underground pipeline distribution data, to obtain a geographic element dataset; Based on the geographic element dataset, an association mapping relationship between different geographic elements is constructed, and the influence weight of each association mapping relationship is adjusted according to the geographic complexity of the target area to obtain an association mapping map. The association mapping relationship reflects the spatial location relationship between topographic data and surface building distribution data, and the avoidance distance relationship between surface building distribution data and underground pipeline distribution data. Based on the constraints and association weights of each association mapping relationship in the association mapping map, an initial set of optical cable layout paths covering the target area is generated. Each path in the initial set of optical cable layout paths meets the spatial location association and avoidance distance association requirements in the association mapping map. Each path in the initial optical cable layout path set is geographically adapted to obtain the adapted optical cable layout path set. Based on the adapted optical cable layout path set, the connection nodes and optical cable laying methods of each path are determined, and the association matching model between the connection nodes and the laying methods is constructed simultaneously to make the laying methods match the geographical feature characteristics at the connection nodes, thereby generating the final optical cable layout planning scheme for the target area.

2. The optical cable layout planning method combined with a geographic information system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of constructing association mapping relationships between different geographic elements based on the geographic element dataset, and adjusting the influence weights of each association mapping relationship according to the geographic complexity of the target area to obtain an association mapping map, includes: The elevation distribution information of the topographic data, the outline coordinate information of the surface building distribution data, and the direction coordinate information of the underground pipeline distribution data are extracted from the geographic feature dataset. The elevation distribution information includes the elevation values ​​corresponding to different geographic coordinates within the target area, the outline coordinate information includes the geographic coordinates of each vertex of the outer boundary of the surface building, and the direction coordinate information includes the geographic coordinates of each point of the centerline of the underground pipeline. Establish a spatial location association dimension between topographic data and surface building distribution data. The spatial location association dimension is based on the elevation distribution information of the topographic data and matches the elevation range corresponding to the contour coordinate information of the surface building distribution data to determine the spatial location relationship of the surface buildings in the terrain. The spatial location relationship includes the difference between the bottom elevation of the surface building and the elevation of the terrain, and the protrusion height of the top of the surface building relative to the terrain. Establish a correlation dimension for avoidance distance between surface building distribution data and underground pipeline distribution data. The avoidance distance correlation dimension is based on the outline coordinate information of surface building distribution data. Calculate the shortest straight-line distance between the direction coordinate information of underground pipeline distribution data and the outline coordinate information of surface buildings to determine the avoidance distance relationship between underground pipelines and surface buildings. The avoidance distance relationship includes the pipeline segment position corresponding to the shortest straight-line distance and the building outline position corresponding to the shortest straight-line distance. The adjustment parameters are determined based on the geographical complexity of the target area. The geographical complexity includes the range of terrain elevation changes, the density of surface buildings, and the number of types of underground pipelines within the target area. The larger the range of terrain elevation changes, the higher the density of surface buildings, and the more types of underground pipelines there are in the geographical complexity parameters, the larger the value of the adjustment parameters and the more significant the difference in the weight values ​​of each associated mapping relationship. Based on the adjustment parameters, the first correlation weight of the spatial location correlation dimension and the second correlation weight of the avoidance distance correlation dimension are calculated. The value of the first correlation weight is positively correlated with the value of the terrain elevation change range, and the value of the second correlation weight is positively correlated with the value of the number of underground pipeline types. A set of association rules is constructed based on the spatial location association dimension, the avoidance distance association dimension, the first association weight, and the second association weight. Each rule in the set of association rules corresponds to a constraint standard and weight value for an association mapping relationship. Based on the set of association rules, the topographic data, surface building distribution data and underground pipeline distribution data are mapped into nodes. Each geographic element data corresponds to a mapping node. The association mapping relationship between different mapping nodes is represented by the lines corresponding to the association rules, and each line is labeled with the corresponding association weight value to obtain the association mapping map. In the association mapping graph, each connection line is labeled with an association strength parameter. The association strength parameter is determined based on the strictness of the association rule constraint and the association weight value. The stricter the association rule constraint standard and the larger the association weight value, the higher the value of the association strength parameter.

3. The optical cable layout planning method combined with a geographic information system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the first association weight of the spatial location association dimension and the second association weight of the avoidance distance association dimension based on the adjustment parameters includes: Extract the geographic complexity parameters of the target area. The geographic complexity parameters include the range of terrain elevation change, the density of surface buildings, and the number of underground pipeline types. The range of terrain elevation change is the difference between the highest and lowest elevation values ​​in the target area. The density of surface buildings is the ratio of the area occupied by surface buildings in the target area to the total area of ​​the area. The number of underground pipeline types is the total number of underground pipeline types in the target area. A basic weight for geographical complexity is set, which is a preset fixed weight value and serves as the benchmark value for calculating the correlation weight. Calculate the first adjustment coefficient corresponding to the terrain elevation change interval. The first adjustment coefficient is the ratio of the value of the terrain elevation change interval to the value of the preset elevation interval. When the value of the terrain elevation change interval is greater than the value of the preset elevation interval, the value of the first adjustment coefficient is greater than 1. When the value of the terrain elevation change interval is less than the value of the preset elevation interval, the value of the first adjustment coefficient is less than 1. Calculate the second adjustment coefficient corresponding to the number of underground pipeline types. The second adjustment coefficient is the ratio of the number of underground pipeline types to the preset number of pipelines. When the number of underground pipeline types is greater than the preset number of pipelines, the value of the second adjustment coefficient is greater than 1. When the number of underground pipeline types is less than the preset number of pipelines, the value of the second adjustment coefficient is less than 1. Multiply the value of the basic weight of the geographical complexity by the value of the first adjustment coefficient to obtain the first association weight of the spatial location association dimension. The value range of the first association weight is within the preset first weight interval. If the value of the calculated result exceeds the preset first weight interval, the endpoint value of the preset first weight interval is taken as the final first association weight. Multiply the value of the basic weight of geographical complexity with the value of the second adjustment coefficient to obtain the second association weight of the avoidance distance association dimension. The value range of the second association weight is within the preset second weight interval. If the value of the calculated result exceeds the preset second weight interval, the endpoint value of the preset second weight interval is taken as the final second association weight. Record the calculation process of the first correlation weight, including the values ​​of the terrain elevation change interval, the preset elevation interval, the first adjustment coefficient, and the basic weight of geographical complexity. Record the calculation process of the second correlation weight, including the values ​​of the number of underground pipeline types, the preset number of pipelines, the second adjustment coefficient, and the basic weight of geographical complexity, and form a correlation weight calculation report.

4. The optical cable layout planning method combined with a geographic information system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating an initial set of optical cable layout paths covering the target area based on the constraints and association weights of each association mapping relationship in the association mapping map includes: Determine the starting and ending coordinates of the optical cable layout in the target area, and map the starting and ending coordinates to the associated mapping map to obtain the starting and ending mapping nodes in the associated mapping map. The starting coordinates are the geographical coordinates of the optical cable access point in the target area, and the ending coordinates are the geographical coordinates of the optical cable convergence point in the target area. All intermediate mapping nodes located between the starting point mapping node and the ending point mapping node are selected from the association mapping map. The intermediate mapping nodes correspond to the key elevation points of the terrain and landform data, the boundary turning points of the surface building distribution data, and the turning points of the underground pipeline distribution data. Based on the association mapping relationship, association weight value and association strength parameter between each mapping node in the association mapping graph, a path search network is constructed. Each path branch in the path search network corresponds to a connection sequence of a set of mapping nodes, and each path branch is labeled with the corresponding association weight sum and association strength sum. A multi-constraint priority ranking strategy is adopted to prioritize the path branches in the path search network and obtain the priority ranking results. The first priority is the path branch whose total association weight is higher than the preset weight threshold, the second priority is the path branch whose total association strength is higher than the preset strength threshold, and the third priority is the path branch whose number of connected nodes is less than the preset node threshold. According to the priority sorting results, path branches are selected from high to low for path search. During the search process, for each path branch, it is first checked whether it meets the elevation matching requirements of the spatial location association corresponding to the first association weight, and then it is checked whether it meets the distance requirements of the avoidance distance association corresponding to the second association weight. For path branches that simultaneously meet both elevation matching and distance requirements, retain them in the candidate path set, and record the sum of association weights, the sum of association strengths, and the number of connected nodes for that path branch. When the number of path branches in the candidate path set reaches a preset threshold, the path search stops, and the path branches in the candidate path set are converted into actual coordinate paths in the geographic information system. The actual coordinate paths include the geographic coordinates of each point on the path and the distance between adjacent points, forming an initial optical cable layout path set covering the target area.

5. The optical cable layout planning method combined with a geographic information system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The path search is performed by selecting path branches from high to low according to the priority ranking results. During the search process, for each path branch, it is first checked whether it meets the elevation matching requirements of the spatial location association corresponding to the first association weight, and then it is checked whether it meets the distance requirements of the avoidance distance association corresponding to the second association weight, including: Select the highest priority path branch from the priority ranking results as the current search branch, and extract the mapping node sequence and the first association weight corresponding to the current search branch; Based on the mapping node sequence, the elevation distribution information of the terrain and landform data and the contour coordinate information of the surface building distribution data corresponding to each mapping node are obtained from the associated mapping map. The difference between the elevation value corresponding to the contour coordinate information of the surface building at each mapping node and the elevation distribution information of the terrain and landform data is calculated. The level of the allowable elevation difference is determined based on the first association weight. The larger the value of the first association weight, the higher the level of the allowable elevation difference and the smaller the corresponding allowable difference value. The value of the difference is compared with the value of the allowable elevation difference under the current level. If the value of the difference at all mapping nodes is less than or equal to the value of the allowable elevation difference, it is determined that the current search branch meets the elevation matching requirements of spatial location association. If the current search branch meets the elevation matching requirements, extract the mapping node sequence and the second association weight corresponding to the current search branch, and obtain the contour coordinate information of the surface building distribution data and the direction coordinate information of the underground pipeline distribution data corresponding to each mapping node from the association mapping map; Calculate the shortest straight-line distance between the coordinates of the underground pipeline route and the coordinates of the building outline at each mapping node, and determine the level of the distance allowable value based on the second association weight. The larger the value of the second association weight, the higher the level of the distance allowable value and the larger the corresponding allowable value value. Compare the value of the shortest straight-line distance with the value of the distance allowable value at the current level. If the value of the shortest straight-line distance at all mapping nodes is greater than or equal to the value of the distance allowable value, then the current search branch is determined to meet the distance requirements of the avoidance distance association. If the current search branch meets both the elevation matching requirement and the distance requirement, it is retained in the candidate path set, and the priority level, first association weight and second association weight of the path branch are marked. If the current search branch does not meet the elevation matching or distance requirements, discard the path branch and select the next priority path branch from the priority ranking results as the new current search branch. Repeat the above steps until the search of all priority path branches is completed.

6. The optical cable layout planning method combined with a geographic information system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of performing geographical adaptation adjustments on each path in the initial optical cable layout path set to obtain the adapted optical cable layout path set includes: The undulation feature information and association weight value of the terrain and landform data corresponding to each initial optical cable layout path are extracted from the association mapping map. The undulation feature information includes the elevation change amplitude, elevation change frequency and elevation change trend along the path. The association weight value includes the first association weight and the second association weight corresponding to the initial optical cable layout path. The path segments are divided according to the elevation change amplitude and the first correlation weight in the undulation feature information. The larger the value of the first correlation weight, the smaller the division interval of the elevation change amplitude. Continuous path areas with elevation change amplitude values ​​within the same division interval are divided into the same path segments. For each path segment, the optimization direction of the path is determined by combining the frequency of elevation changes and the first correlation weight; The coordinate orientation of the path segment is adjusted according to the determined optimization direction. During the adjustment process, the contour coordinate information of the surface building distribution data and the orientation coordinate information of the underground pipeline distribution data corresponding to the path segment are extracted. The spatial overlap between the path segment and the surface building contour coordinate information and the spatial overlap between the path segment and the underground pipeline orientation coordinate information are calculated. When the spatial overlap value is higher than the preset overlap threshold, the coordinate orientation of the path segment is adjusted based on the second association weight until the spatial overlap value is lower than the preset overlap threshold, thus completing the spatial conflict coordination between the surface building distribution data and the underground pipeline distribution data. The larger the value of the second association weight, the greater the adjustment range of the path segment from the original orientation. The adjusted path segments are connected by calculating the elevation difference and coordinate deviation at the connection point of adjacent path segments. The connection smoothness requirement is determined based on the first association weight. The endpoint coordinates of the path segments are finely adjusted to make the connection point meet the smoothness requirement. The larger the value of the first association weight, the smaller the allowable range of elevation difference and coordinate deviation at the connection point. Repeat the above adjustment and connection processing steps until all path segments of each initial optical cable layout path are optimized and there are no spatial conflicts. Collect all adjusted optical cable layout paths to form a set of adapted optical cable layout paths. Each adjusted optical cable layout path includes the coordinates of each adjusted path segment, the optimization direction, and conflict coordination records.

7. The optical cable layout planning method combined with a geographic information system according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the spatial overlap value is higher than a preset overlap threshold, the coordinate orientation of the path segment is adjusted based on the second association weight until the spatial overlap value is lower than the preset overlap threshold, thus completing the spatial conflict coordination between surface building distribution data and underground pipeline distribution data, including: The first spatial overlap between the path segment and the coordinate information of the outline of the surface building, and the second spatial overlap between the path segment and the coordinate information of the direction of the underground pipeline are calculated. The first spatial overlap is the ratio of the area of ​​the overlapping region between the path segment and the outline of the surface building to the total area of ​​the path segment. The second spatial overlap is the ratio of the length of the overlapping region between the path segment and the direction of the underground pipeline to the total length of the path segment. The values ​​of the first spatial overlap and the second spatial overlap are compared with the value of the preset overlap threshold. If either spatial overlap value is higher than the value of the preset overlap threshold, it is determined that there is a spatial conflict in the path segment and the coordinate direction needs to be adjusted. Extract the second association weight corresponding to the path segment, and determine the adjustment range coefficient based on the second association weight. The value of the second association weight is positively correlated with the value of the adjustment range coefficient. The larger the value of the second association weight, the larger the value of the adjustment range coefficient. The value range of the adjustment range coefficient is within the preset range. The adjustment direction of the path segment is determined based on the adjustment amplitude coefficient. The adjustment direction is the direction away from the coordinate information of the outline of the surface building or the coordinate information of the underground pipeline. According to the determined adjustment direction and adjustment amplitude coefficient, calculate the new coordinates of each endpoint of the path segment. The value of the offset distance between the new coordinates and the original coordinates is equal to the product of the value of the adjustment amplitude coefficient and the value of the original path segment length. Based on the new coordinates, a new path segment is regenerated, and a new first spatial overlap between the new path segment and the coordinate information of the surface building outline, and a new second spatial overlap between the new path segment and the coordinate information of the underground pipeline direction are calculated. If both the new first spatial overlap value and the new second spatial overlap value are lower than the preset overlap threshold value, then the adjustment is stopped and the new path segment is determined to be the path segment after conflict coordination. If any spatial overlap value is still higher than the preset overlap threshold value, increase the adjustment amplitude coefficient value. The increased adjustment amplitude coefficient value shall not exceed the maximum value of the preset amplitude range. Repeat the above steps of new coordinate calculation and spatial overlap calculation until all spatial overlap values ​​are lower than the preset overlap threshold value, thus completing the spatial conflict coordination.

8. The optical cable layout planning method combined with a geographic information system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves determining the connection nodes and cable laying methods for each path based on the adapted optical cable layout path set, simultaneously constructing an association matching model between connection nodes and laying methods, adapting the laying methods to the geographical features at the connection nodes, and generating the final optical cable layout planning scheme for the target area, including: The intersection of each path in the adapted optical cable layout path set is analyzed, and the intersection coordinates between any two paths are calculated. When the path spacing at the intersection coordinates is less than a preset spacing threshold, the intersection coordinates are determined as a path connection node. The path connection node includes the node's geographical coordinates, the number of intersecting paths, and the intersecting path identifier. For each path connection node, the directional coordinate information of the underground pipeline distribution data, the contour coordinate information of the surface building distribution data, and the elevation distribution information of the topography data corresponding to the path connection node are extracted from the association mapping map and defined as the geographic feature of the connection node. The type of optical cable laying method is determined, which includes underground laying, ground laying and overhead laying, and each laying method corresponds to a set of applicable geographical feature ranges; A correlation matching model between connection nodes and laying methods is constructed. The geographical features of the connection nodes are used as the model input, and the type of optical cable laying method is used as the model output. By calculating the matching degree between the geographical features and the applicable scope of each laying method, the laying method with the highest matching degree value is selected as the recommended laying method at the connection node. Based on the undulation characteristics of the terrain and landform data corresponding to the adapted optical cable layout path and the second association weight, the optical cable laying method in the non-connection node area of ​​each path is determined. The larger the value of the second association weight, the higher the priority of the underground laying method. The location of each path's connecting node, the recommended laying method at the connecting node, and the laying method in the non-connecting node area are integrated into path attribute information. Each path attribute information is associated with the corresponding adapted optical cable layout path, and the matching basis between the path and the laying method is recorded during the association process. Based on the associated path and path attribute information, a final optical cable layout plan for the target area is generated. The final optical cable layout plan includes the coordinate sequence of each path, the distribution table of connection nodes, the distribution map of laying methods, and the matching description of paths and laying methods.

9. The optical cable layout planning method combined with a geographic information system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The construction of the association matching model between connection nodes and laying methods uses the geographical features of the connection nodes as model input and the type of optical cable laying method as model output. By calculating the matching degree between the geographical features and the applicable scope of each laying method, the laying method with the highest matching degree value is selected as the recommended laying method for that connection node, including: Define the geographic feature parameters at the connecting node. The geographic feature parameters include the node elevation value, the density of surface buildings around the node, the density of underground pipelines around the node, and the slope of the terrain around the node. The density of surface buildings around the node is the ratio of the area occupied by surface buildings within the preset radius of the node to the total area of ​​the preset radius of the node. The density of underground pipelines around the node is the ratio of the total length of underground pipelines within the preset radius of the node to the total area of ​​the range. For each type of optical cable laying method, an applicable geographical feature range is set, and a matching degree calculation function is constructed. The matching degree calculation function takes the deviation value between the geographical feature parameter and the applicable geographical feature range as input. The smaller the deviation value, the higher the matching degree value. The matching degree value ranges from 0 to 1. The geographic feature parameters at the connection node are input into the matching degree calculation function to calculate the matching degree between the connection node and the underground laying method, the ground laying method and the overhead laying method, respectively, and the first matching degree, the second matching degree and the third matching degree are obtained. Compare the values ​​of the first matching degree, the second matching degree, and the third matching degree, and select the laying method corresponding to the matching degree with the largest value as the recommended laying method at the connection node. If two or more laying methods have the same matching degree value and all of them are the maximum value, the second association weight corresponding to the connection node is introduced to determine the final recommended laying method. Record the geographical feature parameters of the connection nodes, the matching degree of each laying method, and the basis for selecting the recommended laying method to form a matching report between the connection nodes and the laying methods.

10. A fiber optic cable layout planning system integrated with a geographic information system, characterized in that, The optical cable layout planning system combined with a geographic information system includes a processor and a memory, the memory and the processor are connected, the memory is used to store programs, instructions or code, and the processor is used to execute the programs, instructions or code in the memory to implement the optical cable layout planning method combined with a geographic information system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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