Method, device, equipment, medium and product for determining position of detection sensor of combination electrical appliance

Abstract

The application relates to a detection sensor position determination method and device of a combination electrical appliance, computer equipment, a computer readable storage medium and a computer program product. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a three-dimensional model of a target combination electrical appliance, performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on a plurality of preset points in the three-dimensional model to obtain an ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset point, and determining a target position of a detection sensor from each preset point according to the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and an ultrasonic attenuation model. The method can improve the effectiveness of the deployment position of the detection sensor of the combination electrical appliance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, computer device, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product for determining the position of a detection sensor in a combination electrical appliance. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of power technology and the continuous improvement of electrical equipment, more and more electrical equipment is being used in power regulation, transportation, detection, distribution and other operations. Among them, combined electrical appliances, with their advantages of compact structure, space saving, high reliability, strong environmental adaptability and long service life, are increasingly being used in power transmission, control, protection and metering operations.

[0003] Currently, the detection of combined electrical appliances is carried out by placing detection sensors on the surface of the combined electrical appliances and detecting them by emitting ultrasonic signals. However, the deployment location of the detection sensors depends on human experience, which results in low effectiveness of the deployment location. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method, apparatus, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product for determining the location of detection sensors in combined electrical appliances, which can improve the effectiveness of the deployment location of detection sensors in combined electrical appliances, in response to the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for determining the location of a detection sensor in a combined electrical appliance, comprising: acquiring a three-dimensional model of the target combined electrical appliance; performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on multiple preset points in the three-dimensional model to obtain ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients corresponding to each preset point, wherein the preset points are candidate locations for the detection sensor of the target combined electrical appliance, and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients are used to characterize the degree of signal attenuation of ultrasonic signals at the preset points; and determining the target location of the detection sensor from each preset point based on each ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and the ultrasonic attenuation model.

[0006] In one embodiment, the target position of the detection sensor is determined from each preset point based on the attenuation coefficient of each ultrasonic signal and the ultrasonic attenuation model, including: substituting each ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient into the ultrasonic attenuation model to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation function; and determining the target position based on the position of each preset point and the ultrasonic attenuation function.

[0007] In one embodiment, the target location is determined based on the position of each preset point and the ultrasonic attenuation function, including: determining constraints based on the position of each preset point; and solving for the minimum value of the ultrasonic attenuation function based on the constraints to obtain the target location.

[0008] In one embodiment, ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing is performed on each preset point in the three-dimensional model, including: performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on each preset point in the three-dimensional model according to the target simulation conditions, wherein the target simulation conditions include at least one of physical field conditions, boundary conditions, mesh conditions and time step conditions.

[0009] In one embodiment, before determining the target position of the detection sensor from each preset point based on each ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and ultrasonic attenuation model, the method further includes: configuring multiple current breakdown points of a three-dimensional model, and determining the position of each preset point based on the position of each current breakdown point.

[0010] In one embodiment, the method for establishing the three-dimensional model includes: establishing multiple central guide rod models and multiple basin-type insulator models corresponding to the target combined electrical appliance, wherein the central guide rod model is cylindrical in shape; and combining each central guide rod model and each basin-type insulator model to obtain the three-dimensional model.

[0011] Secondly, this application also provides a device for determining the location of a detection sensor for a combined electrical appliance, comprising: a model acquisition module for acquiring a three-dimensional model of the target combined electrical appliance; a simulation module for performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on multiple preset points in the three-dimensional model to obtain ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients corresponding to each preset point, wherein the preset points are candidate locations for the detection sensor of the target combined electrical appliance, and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients are used to characterize the degree of signal attenuation of the ultrasonic signal at the preset points; and a location determination module for determining the target location of the detection sensor from each preset point based on each ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and the ultrasonic attenuation model.

[0012] Thirdly, this application also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0013] Fourthly, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0014] Fifthly, this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in the first aspect.

[0015] The aforementioned method, apparatus, computer equipment, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product for determining the location of detection sensors in a combined electrical appliance constructs a three-dimensional model of the target combined electrical appliance, presets multiple detection sensor locations within the three-dimensional model, performs ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing at each preset location, obtains the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset location, which is used to characterize the degree of ultrasonic signal attenuation at the preset location, and determines the target location of the detection sensors in the target combined electrical appliance from each preset location based on each ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and ultrasonic attenuation model. This achieves the determination of the detection sensor location without damaging the combined electrical appliance, improving the effectiveness of the detection sensor deployment location. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is an application environment diagram of a method for determining the position of a detection sensor in a combination electrical appliance, as shown in one embodiment.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the position of a detection sensor in a combined electrical appliance in one embodiment.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps involved in creating a 3D model in one embodiment.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a combined electrical appliance in one embodiment;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps for determining preset locations in one embodiment;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the current breakdown point and preset point of a three-dimensional model in one embodiment;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating step 202 in one embodiment;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating step 203 in one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating step 802 in one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining the position of a detection sensor in a combined electrical appliance, as described in another embodiment.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the first type-I structure in one embodiment.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the second type-1 structure in one embodiment.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the third type-I structure in one embodiment.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the fourth type-1 structure in one embodiment.

[0031] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic signal propagation attenuation curve of a type I structure in one embodiment;

[0032] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the first L-shaped structure in one embodiment.

[0033] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the second L-shaped structure in one embodiment.

[0034] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the third L-shaped structure in one embodiment.

[0035] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the fourth L-shaped structure in one embodiment.

[0036] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic signal propagation attenuation curve of an L-shaped structure in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the first T-shaped structure in one embodiment.

[0038] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the second T-shaped structure in one embodiment.

[0039] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the third T-shaped structure in one embodiment.

[0040] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of signal propagation in a three-dimensional model of the fourth T-shaped structure in one embodiment.

[0041] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic signal propagation attenuation curve of a T-shaped structure in one embodiment;

[0042] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the target position of the detection sensor of a 3D model in one embodiment;

[0043] Figure 27 This is a structural block diagram of a detection sensor position determination device for a combination electrical appliance in one embodiment;

[0044] Figure 28 This is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application can be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the first element from the second element. The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in this application, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The term "multiple" used in this application refers to two or more. The term "and / or" used in this application refers to one of the embodiments, or any combination of multiple embodiments.

[0047] The method for determining the position of the detection sensor in a combined electrical appliance provided in this application embodiment can be applied to, for example... Figure 1 The application environment shown includes at least server 101 and simulation server 102.

[0048] The server 101 acquires a 3D model of the target combined electrical appliance and performs ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on multiple preset points in the 3D model through a simulation server 102 to obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset point. Based on the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and the ultrasonic attenuation model, the target position of the detection sensor is determined from each preset point. The server 101 can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud computing services.

[0049] The simulation server 102 is used to perform ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on multiple preset points in the 3D model, obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset point, and send it to the server 101. The simulation server 102 can be an independent physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing cloud computing services.

[0050] In the engineering practice of gas-insulated fully enclosed switchgear, the equipment must undergo rigorous withstand voltage tests after on-site assembly. During this process, internal flashover breakdown may occur due to installation process defects or foreign object residue. Ultrasonic testing technology is widely used for breakdown point location due to its strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability and suitability for online monitoring of the withstand voltage process. However, the internal structure of switchgear is complex, containing various structural units such as straight cylindrical sections, basin-type insulators, L-type, and T-type insulators. Ultrasonic signals undergo significant attenuation, refraction, and reflection during propagation, and their propagation characteristics directly affect the reliability and positioning accuracy of the detection.

[0051] Most existing technologies focus on single structures or highly simplified models, such as analyzing only the acoustic behavior of straight pipes or single insulator interfaces. They fail to systematically and realistically reflect the comprehensive impact of multiple structural combinations on ultrasonic signal propagation in actual combined electrical equipment. In particular, they lack quantitative and systematic descriptions of signal attenuation at different structural locations, making it difficult to effectively compensate for signal attenuation in actual fault location, thus limiting location accuracy. Their main drawback is the significant difference between their analytical models and actual equipment structures, failing to construct 1:1 true three-dimensional models for systematic research. Therefore, they cannot accurately simulate the actual propagation path and energy attenuation process of ultrasonic signals in complex structures. Furthermore, existing research often remains at a qualitative or partially quantitative level, lacking precise quantitative comparisons of signal attenuation amplitudes caused by different typical structures (such as straight cylinders with basin insulators, various L-shaped and T-shaped corners), and failing to deeply reveal the correlation between structural characteristics (such as corner curvature radius and basin material acoustic impedance) and attenuation degree. This results in ultrasonic signal-based breakdown location methods lacking reliable propagation characteristic database support, leading to large location errors and low troubleshooting efficiency in practical applications.

[0052] To address this, this application establishes a full-scale 3D simulation model of the combined electrical equipment, employing the acoustic-solid coupling finite element method to systematically study and quantitatively reveal the propagation and attenuation laws of withstand voltage breakdown ultrasonic signals in various typical structures, including straight cylinders, insulators with basin-type insulators, L-shaped structures, and T-shaped structures. This application not only elucidates the "increase followed by decrease" mechanism of signals at interfaces such as basin-type insulators caused by abrupt changes in acoustic impedance, based on the specific signal attenuation coefficients of each structural unit (e.g., approximately 75% attenuation after 3m propagation in a straight cylinder, and approximately 44.6% attenuation after passing through a basin-type insulator), but also further verifies the simulation results through lead-breaking tests, ensuring the effectiveness of the sensor deployment location and thus significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of fault location.

[0053] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, a method for determining the position of a detection sensor in a combined electrical appliance is provided, which can be applied to... Figure 1 The following steps, 201 to 203, are used as an example to illustrate the process of using a server in the example.

[0054] Step 201: Obtain the three-dimensional model of the target combined electrical appliance.

[0055] In this application, the three-dimensional model refers to a three-dimensional simulation model of the combined electrical appliances that is constructed to scale with the actual object and corresponds to its actual size. This three-dimensional model can be pre-built in modeling software and exported as a project file.

[0056] During implementation, the server can acquire the 3D model corresponding to the target combined electrical appliances. The server can either actively acquire the engineering files of the 3D model after its construction is complete, or it can receive the engineering files of the 3D model sent by the modeling software.

[0057] Step 202: Perform ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on multiple preset points in the three-dimensional model to obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset point.

[0058] During implementation, multiple preset points can be configured in the 3D model in advance. These preset points represent the positions of the detection sensors. Then, ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing is performed on the multiple preset points in the 3D model to obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset point.

[0059] Among them, the preset point is the candidate position of the detection sensor of the target combined electrical appliance, and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the signal attenuation degree of ultrasonic signal at the preset point.

[0060] During the simulation, the ultrasonic signal can be simulated at preset points using simulation software / simulation server, and the attenuation of the ultrasonic signal in the three-dimensional model can be calculated to obtain the effective coverage range of the ultrasonic signal at the preset points. Based on the effective coverage range and signal strength, the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient can be obtained.

[0061] Step 203: Determine the target position of the detection sensor from each preset point based on the attenuation coefficient of each ultrasonic signal and the ultrasonic attenuation model.

[0062] During implementation, the server substitutes the attenuation coefficients of each ultrasonic signal into the ultrasonic attenuation model, solves the ultrasonic attenuation model, and obtains the target positions of the detection sensors at each preset point. The detection sensors at the target positions need to ensure that the effective ultrasonic signal can cover the entire target electrical appliance, and the number of detection sensors should be minimized to avoid excessive ultrasonic signals affecting other sensors. Therefore, the effective boundary of the ultrasonic signal of the detection sensors at the target positions should be able to achieve continuous replacement to ensure that the minimum number of detection sensors can cover the entire target electrical appliance.

[0063] During execution, the ultrasonic attenuation model can be solved by solving inequalities to obtain the target position of the detection sensor at each preset point.

[0064] In the above-mentioned method for determining the location of the detection sensor of the combined electrical appliance, a three-dimensional model of the target combined electrical appliance is constructed, and multiple detection sensor locations are preset in the three-dimensional model. Ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing is performed at each preset location to obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset location, which is used to characterize the signal attenuation degree of the ultrasonic signal at the preset location. Based on each ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and the ultrasonic attenuation model, the target location of the detection sensor of the target combined electrical appliance is determined from each preset location. This achieves the determination of the location of the detection sensor without damaging the combined electrical appliance, and improves the effectiveness of the deployment location of the detection sensor.

[0065] Based on the above exemplary embodiment, the following provides a method for determining the position of a detection sensor in a combination appliance, which is applied to one or more exemplary embodiments. Figure 1 Taking the server in the example, the following content will be used for explanation.

[0066] In constructing a 3D model of the target combined electrical appliance, to reduce the difficulty of model construction and processing, a simplified model can be constructed from the perspective of ultrasonic signal propagation; in one optional implementation provided in this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the method further includes steps 301 to 302:

[0067] Step 301: Establish multiple center conductor rod models and multiple basin insulator models corresponding to the target combined electrical appliance.

[0068] In real-world scenarios, considering the complex internal structure of actual combined electrical appliances and the fact that ultrasonic signals mainly propagate along the metal casing, the model was appropriately simplified based on acoustic theory during the modeling process. During implementation, the model-building equipment created multiple central guide rod models and multiple basin-type insulator models corresponding to the target combined electrical appliance. The central guide rod model is cylindrical in shape.

[0069] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the 3D model of the target combined electrical appliance retains only the key internal structures affecting signal propagation—the central guide rod and the basin-type insulator—and simplifies the central guide rod into a cylinder. This simplification effectively reduces the complexity of the 3D model's mesh generation, thereby improving simulation efficiency and saving computational resources.

[0070] The materials of the combined electrical appliances can also be configured. The cylinder of the combined electrical appliances can be made of aluminum alloy and filled with SF6 gas at 0.7MPa. The pot-type insulator material is epoxy resin. The specific material parameters used in the simulation are shown in Table 1.

[0071] Table 1

[0072] .

[0073] Step 302: Combine the models of each central guide rod and each basin insulator to obtain a three-dimensional model.

[0074] During implementation, the model building equipment combines the models of each central guide rod and each basin insulator according to the combination relationship of the target combined electrical appliance to obtain the three-dimensional model corresponding to the target combined electrical appliance.

[0075] One optional implementation method provided in this application simplifies the three-dimensional model of the target combined electrical appliance by using acoustic theory, thereby reducing the complexity of mesh generation of the three-dimensional model, improving simulation calculation efficiency, and saving computing resources.

[0076] After obtaining the three-dimensional model, the current breakdown point in the three-dimensional model can be further set, and the location of the current breakdown point can be determined as a candidate location for the detection sensor to ensure the effectiveness of the detection sensor; in one optional implementation provided by this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, the method further includes step 501:

[0077] Step 501: Configure multiple current breakdown points of the 3D model, and determine the position of each preset point based on the position of each current breakdown point.

[0078] During implementation, the server selects multiple breakdown points in the three-dimensional model of the combined electrical appliances and determines the positions of each preset point around the breakdown points.

[0079] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, multiple breakdown points and sensor installation positions are selected in the three-dimensional model of the combined electrical appliance. The per-unit value of the ultrasonic signal amplitude at the breakdown point is 1 by default. The per-unit value of the ultrasonic amplitude at each sensor position is calculated based on the propagation path and attenuation law, thereby obtaining the sensor signal amplitude matrix. The threshold Vmin for receiving the sensor signal is set to 0.2, and the signal amplitude matrix is ​​converted into a 0-1 matrix that the sensor can monitor. See formula (1) for example, which represents the sensor that can effectively receive the breakdown ultrasonic signal:

[0080] Formula (1);

[0081] In the formula, Vij is the initial amplitude of the signal at the i-th breakdown point, and j represents the j-th sensor.

[0082] One optional implementation provided in this application determines the position of each sensor by the breakdown point, avoiding the method of selecting candidate positions of sensors based on experience, thereby improving the efficiency of sensor position determination and enhancing the effectiveness of ultrasonic simulation.

[0083] In the process of simulating ultrasonic signal attenuation, simulation results that better reflect actual working conditions can be obtained by setting simulation conditions; in one optional implementation method provided in this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, step 202 includes step 701:

[0084] Step 701: Perform ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on each preset point in the three-dimensional model according to the target simulation conditions.

[0085] During implementation, the simulation server / software performs ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on each preset point in the 3D model according to the target simulation conditions, so as to obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients output by the simulation server / software.

[0086] During execution, the server sets target simulation conditions in the simulation server / simulation software, enabling the simulation server / simulation software to perform ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on each preset point in the 3D model according to the target simulation conditions, and obtain the output of the simulation server / simulation software. The target simulation conditions include at least one of the following: physical field conditions, boundary conditions, mesh conditions, and time step conditions.

[0087] In real-world scenarios, physical fields can be set up. During actual ultrasonic propagation, ultrasonic signals propagate both in SF6 gas and in solid structures such as cylinders. Therefore, this paper employs an acoustic-solid coupled multiphysics simulation method for analysis. As mentioned in Chapter 1, the propagation of ultrasonic signals within the combined electrical appliance exhibits an attenuation effect. The attenuation in solid structures such as cylinders is simulated by introducing damping boundary conditions. Solid damping is typically characterized by the material loss factor, which reflects the internal energy dissipation characteristics of the material. The loss factor of most metallic materials is relatively unaffected by temperature, amplitude, and frequency, and its value is usually extremely small, approximating a constant. Taking aluminum alloy as an example, its loss factor range is generally 0.5 × 10⁻⁶. -3 ~2.0×10 -3 In engineering practices such as mechanical design, it is often taken as 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. -3 Therefore, this value is also used in the simulation in this paper.

[0088] In practical scenarios, boundary conditions can also be set. Regarding boundary condition settings, the contact surfaces between the SF_6 gas region and the solid surfaces such as the inner wall of the cylinder are set as "acoustic-structural boundaries," which are automatically established after the gas and solid domains are defined. The cross-sections connecting the busbars between the gas chambers are set as low-reflection boundaries, while the SF_6 gas connection cross-sections are set as plane wave radiation boundaries to suppress multiple reflections of the ultrasonic signal at the interface, more realistically reflecting the actual propagation situation. All other outer surfaces of the cylinder are set as free boundaries, thus avoiding additional modeling of the air domain outside the cylinder and helping to improve simulation efficiency.

[0089] In practical scenarios, mesh settings can also be configured, and the quality of mesh generation directly affects the simulation calculation time and accuracy. To ensure calculation accuracy, at least six mesh elements are required within each ultrasonic wave length, while avoiding overly dense meshing. The mesh size mainly depends on factors such as the ultrasonic wave propagation speed in the material and the frequency of the ultrasonic signal. Therefore, the maximum side length of the mesh should be set according to the criteria shown in formula (2):

[0090] Formula (2);

[0091] In the formula, The maximum grid side length is m; The speed at which ultrasound propagates in the material; The frequency of the ultrasonic signal.

[0092] The computational stability and reliability of the finite element method are highly dependent on mesh quality and convergence. To ensure the stability of the simulation solution process and the reliability of the results, it is necessary to verify the effectiveness and convergence of the mesh. First, a convergence analysis is carried out: a displacement excitation with an amplitude of 1 mm is applied at the breakdown point, the mesh size is gradually refined, and the signal amplitude is recorded at a fixed observation point to obtain the solution results and average mesh quality under different mesh sizes, as shown in Table 2 Mesh Convergence Analysis.

[0093] Table 2

[0094] .

[0095] Based on the mesh convergence analysis results and average mesh quality, the v0 / f0 / 12 size has the best convergence and mesh quality. However, considering the need to improve simulation efficiency, the v0 / f0 / 10 size is selected for meshing the model.

[0096] In practical scenarios, the time step can also be set. During the model solving process, the setting of the time step directly affects the calculation time and simulation accuracy. If the step is too large, it will lead to a decrease in the accuracy of the results, or even a significant deviation; if the step is too small, it will greatly increase the amount of computation and reduce the solution efficiency. In order to balance the computational cost and accuracy requirements, through multiple simulation tests, this paper finally determined the solution time step as shown in formula (3):

[0097] Formula (3);

[0098] In the formula, The period of the ultrasound signal.

[0099] It should be noted that the simulation conditions described above can be set by selecting one or more conditions as needed, and no restrictions are imposed here.

[0100] One optional implementation method provided in this application standardizes the ultrasonic attenuation simulation by setting target simulation conditions, thereby improving the effectiveness of the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient obtained from the simulation.

[0101] In determining the target location of the detection sensor, the target location can be determined based on the attenuation coefficients of each ultrasonic signal and the ultrasonic attenuation model; in one optional implementation provided in this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, step 203 includes steps 801 to 802:

[0102] Step 801: Substitute the attenuation coefficients of each ultrasonic signal into the ultrasonic attenuation model to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation function.

[0103] During implementation, the server first queries the ultrasonic attenuation model corresponding to the combined electrical appliances, and substitutes the obtained ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients into the ultrasonic attenuation model to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation function. In this application, the ultrasonic attenuation function is used to characterize the degree to which the ultrasonic signal attenuates with the position of the sensor.

[0104] During execution, the ultrasonic attenuation model can be as shown in formula (4):

[0105] Formula (4);

[0106] In the formula, Vi0 is the initial signal amplitude at the i-th breakdown point, x is the straight-line distance from the breakdown point to the j-th sensor along the path, and m, n, l, and k are the number of basin-type insulators, L-shaped insulators, L-shaped corner basin-type structures, and T-shaped structures along the path, respectively. a1, a2, a3, a4, and a5 are the fitted attenuation coefficients for straight-line structures, basin-type insulators, L-shaped structures, L-shaped corner basin-type structures, and T-shaped structures, respectively. Taking basin-type insulator a2 as an example, since the signal amplifies by about 15% before the basin and attenuates by 44.6% after passing the basin, considering the amplification before the basin, the actual attenuation at the basin is 36%, so the value of a2 is 0.64. Therefore, a3, a4, and a5 are 0.72, 0.36, and 0.65, respectively. a1 and b1 are the coefficients for fitting the type I structure attenuation, which are 0.52 and 0.94 respectively. Furthermore, by substituting the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients obtained above into the ultrasonic attenuation model shown in formula (4), the ultrasonic attenuation function with unknowns can be obtained.

[0107] Step 802: Determine the target location based on the position of each preset point and the ultrasonic attenuation function.

[0108] During implementation, the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient is solved based on the location of each preset point to obtain the target point that meets the constraint conditions, and the location corresponding to the target point is used as the target position of the detection sensor.

[0109] One optional implementation provided in this application solves for the target position by using a preset ultrasonic attenuation model, which ensures that the target position of the detection sensor conforms to acoustic principles and improves the reliability and effectiveness of the target position.

[0110] In the process of solving the ultrasonic attenuation function, the target position can be obtained by minimizing the ultrasonic attenuation function through constraint conditions; in one optional implementation provided in this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, step 802 includes steps 901 to 902:

[0111] Step 901: Determine the constraints based on the location of each preset point.

[0112] During implementation, the server determines the constraints based on the location of each preset point. During execution, at least two sensors receiving valid signals at each breakdown point can be set as constraints, ensuring that the breakdown point can be effectively located using time-delay algorithms, as shown in formula (5).

[0113] Formula (5);

[0114] In the formula, the objective function is to minimize the number of sensors; the first constraint requires that each discharge point be monitored by at least two ultrasonic sensors; the second constraint is the decision variable, whether to select the j-th ultrasonic signal sensor; the third constraint is the variable determining whether the sensor can receive a valid breakdown signal; m is the total number of breakdown points; and n is the total number of candidate ultrasonic sensors. The optimal solution for this model is obtained by selecting the minimum number of sensors to cover all breakdown points, thus achieving the optimal sensor layout.

[0115] Step 902: Solve for the minimum value of the ultrasonic attenuation function according to the constraint conditions to obtain the target position.

[0116] During implementation, the server solves for the minimum value of the ultrasonic attenuation function based on the constraints to obtain the target location. During execution, an integer linear programming method can be used to solve the sensor deployment optimization model to obtain an exact solution, thereby achieving the optimal design of the ultrasonic sensor deployment scheme for the combined electrical appliance withstand voltage test.

[0117] One optional implementation provided in this application solves for the minimum value of the ultrasonic attenuation function by means of constraints, which combines the position of the sensor and the attenuation of the ultrasonic signal, thereby improving the reliability and effectiveness of determining the target position of the detection sensor.

[0118] In one embodiment, see Figure 10 The document illustrates a flowchart of a method for determining the position of a detection sensor in a combined electrical appliance, as provided in an embodiment of this application. This method can be applied to... Figure 1 In the server shown. For example... Figure 10 As shown, the method for determining the position of the detection sensor in this combined electrical appliance may include the following steps:

[0119] Step 1001: Obtain the three-dimensional model of the target combined electrical appliance.

[0120] Step 1002: Perform ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on each preset point in the three-dimensional model according to the target simulation conditions to obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset point.

[0121] Step 1003: Substitute the attenuation coefficients of each ultrasonic signal into the ultrasonic attenuation model to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation function.

[0122] Step 1004: Determine the constraints based on the location of each preset point.

[0123] Step 1005: Solve for the minimum value of the ultrasonic attenuation function according to the constraint conditions to obtain the target position.

[0124] It should be noted that this application also provides an experimental embodiment to illustrate the technical principles of this application. For a given structure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 11 to 15 In the straight-cylinder structure, the ultrasonic signal amplitude generally shows a decreasing trend with increasing propagation distance. As the propagation path increases, the signal energy continuously attenuates. When the ultrasonic signal reaches the seventh monitoring point (approximately 3 m from the breakdown point), its amplitude has decreased by about 75% compared to the initial monitoring point. When the ultrasonic signal propagates in a type-I structural unit containing a basin-type insulator, its amplitude variation exhibits obvious structural modulation characteristics. Before reaching the basin-type insulator, the ultrasonic signal amplitude shows a certain degree of enhancement compared to the straight-cylinder structure, with an enhancement of approximately 15.1%. As the ultrasonic wave further penetrates the basin-type insulator, energy loss in its propagation path increases significantly, and the ultrasonic signal amplitude decreases significantly, with an overall attenuation of approximately 44.6%. Figures 11 to 14 The step size settings are 0.25ms, 0.5ms, 1ms and 2ms.

[0125] For L-shaped structures, see [link / reference]. Figures 16 to 20 A comprehensive analysis of the ultrasonic signal propagation attenuation curves for different types of L-shaped structures reveals that the signal amplitude experiences a slight increase before reaching the corner region, with the increase being more pronounced when a basin-type insulator is present at the corner. After the ultrasonic signal passes through the corner structure, due to the abrupt change in propagation direction and the combined effects of reflection and scattering losses, the signal energy rapidly attenuates, with an average amplitude decrease of approximately 31.2%. This attenuation is even more significant, reaching approximately 69.4%, when a basin-type insulator is present at the corner. Figures 16 to 19 The step size settings are 0.25ms, 0.5ms, 1ms and 2ms.

[0126] For T-shaped structures, see [link / reference]. Figures 21 to 25 Before the ultrasound signal enters the corner, the amplitude of the T-shaped structure no longer follows the stable attenuation trend of straight-line propagation, but shows a slowing attenuation rate. After the signal passes through the corner, significant attenuation occurs, with the signal attenuation amplitude of the T-shaped structure being approximately 36.5%. Further comparison of the amplitude attenuation curves of the T-shaped and L-shaped structures after the corner reveals that the signal attenuation of the T-shaped structure is more significant. Figures 21 to 24 The step size settings are 0.25ms, 0.5ms, 1ms and 2ms.

[0127] against Figure 6 For the combined electrical appliances shown, the optimized sensor layout is as follows: Figure 26 As shown, the sensor only needs to be installed at seven positions: 1, 7, 11, 16, 18, 20, and 24 to cover all six typical breakdown points, thus enabling the monitoring and location of breakdown points during withstand voltage breakdown.

[0128] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages in other steps. It is understood that the steps in different embodiments can be freely combined as needed, and all non-contradictory solutions formed by such combinations are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0129] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a device for determining the position of a detection sensor of a combined appliance to implement the above-described method for determining the position of a detection sensor of a combined appliance. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the above-described method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more embodiments of the device for determining the position of a detection sensor of a combined appliance provided below can be found in the limitations of the method for determining the position of a detection sensor of a combined appliance described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0130] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 27 As shown, a device for determining the location of a detection sensor in a combined electrical appliance is provided, comprising: a model acquisition module 2701, a simulation module 2702, and a location determination module 2703, wherein: the model acquisition module is used to acquire a three-dimensional model of the target combined electrical appliance; the simulation module 2702 is used to perform ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on multiple preset points in the three-dimensional model to obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset point, the preset points being candidate locations for the detection sensor of the target combined electrical appliance, and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient being used to characterize the degree of signal attenuation of the ultrasonic signal at the preset point; the location determination module 2703 is used to determine the target location of the detection sensor from each preset point based on each ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and the ultrasonic attenuation model.

[0131] In one embodiment, the location determination module 2703 includes a function determination unit and a location determination unit, wherein: the function determination unit is used to substitute the attenuation coefficients of each ultrasonic signal into the ultrasonic attenuation model to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation function; the location determination unit is used to determine the target location based on the location of each preset point and the ultrasonic attenuation function.

[0132] In one embodiment, the location determination unit includes a constraint determination unit and a function solving unit, wherein: the constraint determination unit is used to determine the constraint conditions based on the location of each preset point; the function solving unit is used to solve for the minimum value of the ultrasonic attenuation function based on the constraint conditions to obtain the target location.

[0133] In one embodiment, the simulation model includes a simulation unit for performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on each preset point in the three-dimensional model according to the target simulation conditions.

[0134] In one embodiment, the device further includes a point determination unit for configuring multiple current breakdown points of the three-dimensional model and determining the position of each preset point based on the position of each current breakdown point.

[0135] In one embodiment, the device further includes a first model building unit and a second model building unit, wherein: the first model building unit is used to build multiple center guide rod models and multiple basin insulator models corresponding to the target combined electrical appliance, and the center guide rod model is cylindrical in shape; the second model building unit is used to combine each center guide rod model and each basin insulator model to obtain a three-dimensional model.

[0136] Each module in the aforementioned combined electrical appliance's sensor position determination device can be implemented entirely or partially through software, hardware, or a combination thereof. These modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in a computer device, or stored in the computer device's memory as software, so that the processor can call and execute the corresponding operations of each module.

[0137] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 28As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores position determination data from detection sensors. The I / O interfaces are used for information exchange between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a method for determining the position of detection sensors in a combined electrical appliance.

[0138] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 28 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0139] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to perform the following steps: acquiring a three-dimensional model of a target combined electrical appliance; performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on multiple preset points in the three-dimensional model to obtain ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients corresponding to each preset point, wherein the preset points are candidate positions for detection sensors of the target combined electrical appliance, and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients are used to characterize the degree of signal attenuation of ultrasonic signals at the preset points; and determining the target position of the detection sensor from each preset point based on each ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and the ultrasonic attenuation model.

[0140] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it further performs the following steps: substituting the attenuation coefficients of each ultrasonic signal into the ultrasonic attenuation model to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation function; and determining the target location based on the position of each preset point and the ultrasonic attenuation function.

[0141] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also performs the following steps: determining the constraints based on the positions of each preset point; and solving for the minimum value of the ultrasonic attenuation function based on the constraints to obtain the target position.

[0142] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it further performs the following steps: performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on each preset point in the three-dimensional model according to the target simulation conditions, wherein the target simulation conditions include at least one of physical field conditions, boundary conditions, mesh conditions and time step conditions.

[0143] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also performs the following steps: configuring multiple current breakdown points of the three-dimensional model, and determining the position of each preset point based on the position of each current breakdown point.

[0144] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also performs the following steps: establishing multiple center guide rod models and multiple basin-type insulator models corresponding to the target combined electrical appliance, wherein the center guide rod model is cylindrical in shape; and combining each center guide rod model and each basin-type insulator model to obtain a three-dimensional model.

[0145] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it performs the following steps: acquiring a three-dimensional model of a target combined electrical appliance; performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on multiple preset points in the three-dimensional model to obtain ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients corresponding to each preset point, wherein the preset points are candidate positions for detection sensors of the target combined electrical appliance, and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients are used to characterize the degree of signal attenuation of ultrasonic signals at the preset points; and determining the target position of the detection sensor from each preset point based on each ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and the ultrasonic attenuation model.

[0146] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it further performs the following steps: substituting the attenuation coefficients of each ultrasonic signal into the ultrasonic attenuation model to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation function; and determining the target location based on the position of each preset point and the ultrasonic attenuation function.

[0147] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also performs the following steps: determining the constraints based on the positions of each preset point; and solving for the minimum value of the ultrasonic attenuation function based on the constraints to obtain the target position.

[0148] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it further performs the following steps: performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on each preset point in the three-dimensional model according to the target simulation conditions, wherein the target simulation conditions include at least one of physical field conditions, boundary conditions, mesh conditions and time step conditions.

[0149] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also performs the following steps: configuring multiple current breakdown points of the three-dimensional model, and determining the position of each preset point based on the position of each current breakdown point.

[0150] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also performs the following steps: establishing multiple center guide rod models and multiple basin-type insulator models corresponding to the target combined electrical appliance, wherein the center guide rod model is cylindrical in shape; and combining each center guide rod model and each basin-type insulator model to obtain a three-dimensional model.

[0151] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the following steps: acquiring a three-dimensional model of a target combined electrical appliance; performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on multiple preset points in the three-dimensional model to obtain ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients corresponding to each preset point, wherein the preset points are candidate positions for detection sensors of the target combined electrical appliance, and the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients are used to characterize the degree of signal attenuation of ultrasonic signals at the preset points; and determining the target position of the detection sensor from each preset point based on each ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and the ultrasonic attenuation model.

[0152] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it further performs the following steps: substituting the attenuation coefficients of each ultrasonic signal into the ultrasonic attenuation model to obtain the ultrasonic attenuation function; and determining the target location based on the position of each preset point and the ultrasonic attenuation function.

[0153] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also performs the following steps: determining the constraints based on the positions of each preset point; and solving for the minimum value of the ultrasonic attenuation function based on the constraints to obtain the target position.

[0154] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it further performs the following steps: performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on each preset point in the three-dimensional model according to the target simulation conditions, wherein the target simulation conditions include at least one of physical field conditions, boundary conditions, mesh conditions and time step conditions.

[0155] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also performs the following steps: configuring multiple current breakdown points of the three-dimensional model, and determining the position of each preset point based on the position of each current breakdown point.

[0156] In one embodiment, when the processor executes the computer program, it also performs the following steps: establishing multiple center guide rod models and multiple basin-type insulator models corresponding to the target combined electrical appliance, wherein the center guide rod model is cylindrical in shape; and combining each center guide rod model and each basin-type insulator model to obtain a three-dimensional model.

[0157] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant regulations.

[0158] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0159] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0160] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of determining the position of a detection sensor of a combination electrical appliance, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain a 3D model of the target combined electrical appliance; The ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing is performed on multiple preset points in the three-dimensional model to obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset point. The preset points are candidate positions of the detection sensor of the target combined electrical appliance. The ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the signal attenuation degree of ultrasonic signal at the preset point. Based on the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients and ultrasonic attenuation models, the target position of the detection sensor is determined from each of the preset points.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The step of determining the target position of the detection sensor from each of the preset points based on the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and ultrasonic attenuation model includes: Substituting the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficients into the ultrasonic attenuation model, we obtain the ultrasonic attenuation function; The target location is determined based on the positions of each preset point and the ultrasonic attenuation function.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Determining the target location based on the positions of each preset point and the ultrasonic attenuation function includes: The constraints are determined based on the positions of each preset point. The target position is obtained by minimizing the ultrasonic attenuation function according to the constraints.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on each preset point in the three-dimensional model includes: According to the target simulation conditions, ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing is performed on each of the preset points in the three-dimensional model. The target simulation conditions include at least one of physical field conditions, boundary conditions, mesh conditions, and time step conditions.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Before determining the target position of the detection sensor from each of the preset points based on the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and ultrasonic attenuation model, the method further includes: Configure multiple current breakdown points of the three-dimensional model, and determine the position of each preset point based on the position of each current breakdown point.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The methods for establishing the three-dimensional model include: Establish multiple central guide rod models and multiple basin-type insulator models corresponding to the target combined electrical appliance, wherein the shape of the central guide rod model is cylindrical; The three-dimensional model is obtained by combining the central guide rod model and the basin insulator model.

7. A device for determining the position of a detection sensor in a combined electrical appliance, characterized in that, The device includes: The model acquisition module is used to acquire the three-dimensional model of the target combined electrical appliance; The simulation module is used to perform ultrasonic signal attenuation simulation processing on multiple preset points in the three-dimensional model to obtain the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient corresponding to each preset point. The preset points are candidate positions of the detection sensor of the target combined electrical appliance. The ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the degree of signal attenuation of the ultrasonic signal at the preset point. The location determination module is used to determine the target location of the detection sensor from each of the preset points based on the ultrasonic signal attenuation coefficient and the ultrasonic attenuation model.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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