A wind turbine substructure under seismic and wind coupling in ring hybrid test method

Abstract

A kind of wind turbine substructure under the coupling effect of earthquake and wind in ring hybrid test method belongs to wind power generation technology field.The method is realized by coordinator module that numerical wind load and numerical seismic signal are coupled to solve, output current displacement response command, respectively sent to the numerical substructure established in Simulink and the virtual test substructure established in OpenSEES and the corresponding restoring force is solved, coordinator module carries out the next step of dynamics solving according to restoring force signal, output the next step of displacement response command, and is sent to OpenFAST simulation module and OpenSEES test substructure and numerical substructure in Simulink, so the step is executed in a loop until simulation is finished, to realize the real-time closed-loop simulation test of wind turbine system dynamic response under the coupling effect of earthquake and wind load.The present application accurately simulates tower deformation and its feedback effect on wind field, improves the accuracy and reliability of test results, ensures the coordination of two parts, to obtain the response of wind turbine as a whole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wind power generation technology, specifically relating to a method for in-loop hybrid testing of wind turbine substructures under earthquake-wind coupling. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the wind and seismic resistance analysis of high-rise or large-span structures such as wind turbines, the simulation of wind-earthquake coupling effects initially typically approximates the coupling effect by linearly superimposing pre-generated wind load time histories with earthquake motion time histories. While this method is simple, it has significant drawbacks: First, it completely ignores the fluid-structure interaction effects between wind and the structure (such as aerodynamic damping and aerodynamic stiffness), failing to reflect the real-time impact of wind-induced vibrations on the structure's dynamic characteristics. Second, this method also fails to consider the feedback effect of the aerodynamic shape change on wind loads after the wind turbine structure undergoes significant deformation caused by earthquakes. This results in a large deviation between the analysis results and the actual response of the structure under real wind-earthquake coupled fields, leading to insufficient reliability and accuracy of the analysis results.

[0003] Another core aspect of hybrid testing—substructure simulation—also faces challenges. The restoring force of experimental substructures (such as dampers and key components) can be directly obtained through physical loading via actuators. Their response encompasses complex mechanical behaviors including material and geometric nonlinearities and local damage, and its accuracy is highly dependent on the precision and control methods of the testing equipment. In contrast, numerical substructure simulations still exhibit significant bottlenecks in simulating complex nonlinear behaviors (such as material plasticity, cumulative damage, and fracture failure). Numerical constitutive models struggle to accurately characterize the stiffness degradation, strength decay, and damage evolution that occur after a structure enters the plastic phase. These local nonlinear effects significantly impact the restoring force characteristics and energy dissipation capacity of the overall structure, ultimately leading to distorted global response predictions. How to effectively reproduce the nonlinear behavior of materials and its coupled influence on the overall structural response in high-precision numerical simulations has become a key technical challenge for improving the accuracy of hybrid testing and expanding its engineering applications.

[0004] Therefore, developing a novel hybrid testing method that can accurately simulate the dynamic coupling effect of wind and earthquake and handle the nonlinear response of structures with high fidelity is of great engineering value and urgency for ensuring the safety and reliability of lifeline projects such as wind turbine generators throughout their entire life cycle.

[0005] Traditional wind turbine performance testing methods (such as shaking table tests and wind tunnel tests) are limited by the test site, model size and loading capacity, making it difficult to effectively simulate the coupling effect of wind and earthquake, resulting in a serious lack of research on the dynamic response of wind turbines under wind-earthquake loading.

[0006] Although hybrid testing techniques offer a potential solution by combining numerical and physical methods, existing hybrid testing methods for wind turbines suffer from three key technical deficiencies that prevent them from realistically and accurately simulating the dynamic response of large wind turbines (hundred-meter-class) under wind-earthquake coupling: Distortion in load simulation: Current methods generally use the linear superposition of pre-generated wind loads and seismic loads to approximate the coupling effect. This is a simplified static loading method that cannot simulate the real interaction between wind and earthquake as dynamic processes in the time domain.

[0007] Ignoring fluid-structure interaction: Existing methods completely ignore the "fluid-structure interaction" effect during the experiment. That is, they fail to consider the key physical process that the deformation of the wind turbine structure caused by seismic action will change its aerodynamic shape and the surrounding flow field in real time, thereby affecting the magnitude and distribution of wind load.

[0008] Insufficient nonlinear response handling capability: Faced with the significant geometric nonlinearity (large deformation) and material nonlinearity problems brought about by the trend of wind turbines becoming larger (hundred-meter level), existing hybrid test methods lack high-precision numerical models and efficient calculation-test coupling strategies, and cannot accurately simulate the nonlinear mechanical behavior of structures under extreme coupled loads.

[0009] Therefore, this application aims to solve the comprehensive technical challenges of existing hybrid testing technologies in realistically simulating wind-earthquake dynamic coupling, effectively considering fluid-structure interaction effects, and accurately capturing the complex nonlinear responses of large wind turbines, so as to provide a more realistic and accurate wind-earthquake coupling wind turbine performance testing scheme. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the aforementioned issues, a hybrid in-loop test method for wind turbine substructures under earthquake-wind coupling is provided. This method achieves coupled solution of numerical wind load and numerical ground motion signal through a coordinator module, calculates displacement commands, solves the restoring force using a nonlinear substructure model in OpenSEES, and returns to the coordinator module to solve the motion equations, forming a closed-loop test system.

[0011] The method is implemented using the OpenFAST simulation module, MATLAB's Simulink simulation environment, and OpenSEES virtual experimental substructures. The Simulink simulation environment includes a ground motion module, a coordinator module, and a numerical substructure. The method includes the following steps: S1. In the OpenFAST simulation module, the numerical wind load acting on the wind turbine structure is calculated based on the set parameters of the wind turbine superstructure, and the numerical wind load signal is sent to the Simulink simulation environment. S2. In the Simulink simulation environment, the numerical wind load signal and the preset numerical ground motion signal are received and input to the coordinator module. The coordinator module performs a fusion solution on the input load signal based on the motion equation of the wind turbine tower and outputs the current displacement response command of the wind turbine system. S3. Send the current displacement response command to the numerical substructure module in Simulink and the experimental substructure module in OpenSEES, respectively. Perform structural nonlinear analysis based on the displacement response command and calculate the restoring force from the numerical substructure module. The signal is used to calculate the restoring force from the experimental substructure module. Signal; S4, the restoring force Signals and Signals are transmitted from the OpenSEES experimental substructure module and the numerical substructure in Simulink back to the coordinator module in the Simulink simulation environment; S5, the coordinator module according to Signals and The signal is used to solve the motion equations of the wind turbine tower for the next longer period, output the displacement response command for the next longer period, and send the displacement response command for the next longer period to: The OpenFAST simulation module is used to trigger the generation of a numerical wind load signal for the next longer period of time to simulate the time-varying nature of wind-induced effects. The OpenSEES experimental substructure and the Simulink numerical substructure module are used to trigger the next long structural nonlinear analysis; steps S1 to S5 are executed in a loop until the simulation ends, thereby realizing the real-time closed-loop simulation test of the dynamic response of the wind turbine system under the coupled action of earthquake and wind load.

[0012] Furthermore, step S1 specifically involves constructing a numerical model of the wind turbine's upper structure in the OpenFAST simulation module based on the structural parameters of the wind turbine's upper structure; performing calculations based on the numerical model and preset wind power tower parameters to generate a numerical wind load signal acting on the wind turbine's upper structure, and sending the numerical wind load signal to the Simulink simulation environment.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific steps of step S2 are as follows: Select four ground motions from the PEER earthquake engineering database as external input signals and introduce them into the Simulink simulation environment; In the coordinator module of the Simulink simulation environment, set the structural mass matrix. Damping matrix Stiffness matrix parameter; After superimposing and processing the wind load signal and the ground motion signal, the signal is transmitted to the coordinator module to solve the motion equation of the wind turbine tower and obtain the next displacement command. The equation of motion for a wind turbine tower is expressed as: (1) ; in, The structural mass matrix, Here is the structural damping matrix. These are displacement, velocity, and acceleration vectors, respectively. This refers to the restoring force of the numerical substructure when this part of the structure is within its elastic range. ,in Here is the stiffness matrix of the numerical substructure. The restoring force of the test substructure is measured by experimental loading, as the test substructure may exhibit nonlinear behavior. This represents the excitation force under seismic load. This refers to the force exerted by wind load.

[0014] Furthermore, step S3 specifically involves configuring an experimental substructure model in the OpenSEES numerical simulation module to characterize the mechanical properties of the substructure based on the structural parameters of the wind turbine's lower structure.

[0015] Furthermore, step S5 involves, based on a hybrid experimental software platform developed using OpenFAST and Simulink simulation environments, obtaining the displacement command and then using Simulink to build the upper numerical substructure module to calculate the restoring force on the upper nodes. A nonlinear numerical model is established using the OpenSEES test substructure module. After the numerical substructure in the platform receives the displacement command response, a client is created using the S-Function module to send the structural response of the wind turbine tower to the server created by the OpenSEES test substructure module. Then, the nonlinear model in the OpenSEES test substructure module solves for the restoring force and returns it to the Simulink simulation environment.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. During the solution of the motion equations in the hybrid test, the structural deformation under the earthquake-wind coupling action is sent to the aerodynamic load software to generate a new wind load F. wind Furthermore, the nonlinear simulation function of the numerical model has been added to more accurately simulate tower deformation and its feedback effect on the wind field, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results. In the hybrid test, the wind turbine was divided into an experimental substructure and a numerical substructure. A complete dynamic equation was established, and the coordination between the two parts was ensured during the solution process to obtain the overall response of the wind turbine. 2. The OpenFAST simulation module is used to simulate wind loads considering fluid-structure interaction and geometric nonlinearity. wind The OpenFAST simulation module calculates the deformation of the blades and tower, feeds it back to the aerodynamic module, and thus updates the wind load, achieving fluid-structure interaction calculation. 3. The OpenSEES experimental substructure module is used to simulate material nonlinearity. To address the issue that numerical models cannot accurately account for structural nonlinear deformation, the OpenSEES experimental substructure module is used to establish a nonlinear material model for the wind turbine tower. Real-time data transmission between the Simulink simulation environment and the OpenSEES experimental substructure module is enhanced, enabling a hybrid experimental method that combines multiple finite element software for joint simulation. 4. Through multi-platform interaction between OpenFAST, Simulink, and OpenSEES, the OpenFAST simulation module for geometric nonlinear deformation and the OpenSEES experimental substructure module for material nonlinear deformation are superimposed. 5. To realize the influence of nonlinear structural deformation on fluid-structure interaction, and to achieve accurate simulation of wind load flow characteristics. The wind load F calculated by the OpenFAST simulation module is... wind The data will be gradually transmitted to the Simulink simulation environment and used as input for structural calculations. The tower displacement calculated by the Simulink simulation environment also needs to be returned to the OpenFAST simulation module in real time to correct the wind load calculation, so that the entire system can be simulated more realistically under the combined action of wind and earthquake.

[0017] 6. This invention models various parts of the wind turbine structure based on the finite element method, simulating the dynamic response of the wind turbine tower. It calculates the mass, stiffness, and damping matrices, and optimizes these calculations to improve efficiency, ensuring they are only calculated during the first run, thus reducing redundant calculations. Subsequent time-step calculations rely solely on existing matrix information and calculate the restoring force under the current state based on displacement data provided by the coordinator module. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mixed test principle of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a block diagram illustrating the principle of the mixed experiment of this invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram of the overall framework of the Simulink simulation environment; Figure 4This is a flowchart of the data interaction between the OpenFAST simulation module and the Simulink simulation environment; Figure 5 This is a Simulink numerical substructure module framework diagram; Figure 6 This is a data transmission diagram of the Simulink simulation environment and the OpenSEES experimental substructure module; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the OpenFAST simulation module, the Simulink simulation environment, and the OpenSEES experimental substructure module; Figure 8 This is a time history comparison chart of tower top displacement under combined earthquake and wind loads; Figure 9 This is a diagram of the test execution process; Figure 10 This is a comparison chart of the tower top horizontal displacement response under the combined action of earthquake and wind, using OpenFAST simulation module and Simulink simulation environment data and three finite element software joint simulations. Figure 11 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of the numerical substructure section; Figure 12 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of the input and displacement output sections of the central coordinator module, external load, restoring force; Figure 13 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of the data transmission part of the Simulink and OpenSEES experimental substructure module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 6 This implementation utilizes the OpenFAST simulation module, MATLAB's Simulink simulation environment, and OpenSEES virtual experimental substructures. The Simulink simulation environment includes a ground motion module, a coordinator module, and a numerical substructure. The method includes the following steps: S1. In the OpenFAST simulation module, based on the structural parameters of the wind turbine superstructure, a numerical model of the wind turbine superstructure is constructed in the OpenFAST simulation module; based on the numerical model and the preset wind power tower parameters, calculations are performed to generate a numerical wind load signal acting on the wind turbine superstructure, and the numerical wind load signal is sent to the Simulink simulation environment.

[0020] S2. In the Simulink simulation environment, the numerical wind load signal and the preset numerical ground motion signal are received and input to the coordinator module. The coordinator module performs a fusion solution on the input load signal based on the motion equation of the wind turbine tower and outputs the current displacement response command of the wind turbine system. The specific steps of step S2 are as follows: Select four ground motions from the PEER earthquake engineering database as external input signals and introduce them into the Simulink simulation environment; In the coordinator module of the Simulink simulation environment, set the structural mass matrix. Damping matrix Stiffness matrix parameter; After superimposing and processing the wind load signal and the ground motion signal, the signal is transmitted to the coordinator module to solve the motion equation of the wind turbine tower and obtain the next displacement command. The equation of motion for a wind turbine tower is expressed as: (1) ; in, The structural mass matrix, Here is the structural damping matrix. These are displacement, velocity, and acceleration vectors, respectively. This refers to the restoring force of the numerical substructure when this part of the structure is within its elastic range. ,in Here is the stiffness matrix of the numerical substructure. The restoring force of the test substructure is measured by experimental loading, as the test substructure may exhibit nonlinear behavior. This represents the excitation force under seismic load. This refers to the force exerted by wind load.

[0021] S3. Send the current displacement response command to the numerical substructure module in Simulink and the experimental substructure module in OpenSEES, respectively. Perform structural nonlinear analysis based on the displacement response command and calculate the restoring force from the numerical substructure module. The signal is used to calculate the restoring force from the experimental substructure module. Signal; Based on the structural parameters of the wind turbine's substructure, a test substructure model is configured in the OpenSEES numerical simulation module to characterize the mechanical properties of the substructure.

[0022] S4, the restoring force Signals and Signals are transmitted from the OpenSEES experimental substructure module and the numerical substructure in Simulink back to the coordinator module in the Simulink simulation environment; S5, the coordinator module according to Signals and The signal is used to solve the motion equations of the wind turbine tower for the next longer period, output the displacement response command for the next longer period, and send the displacement response command for the next longer period to: The OpenFAST simulation module is used to trigger the generation of a numerical wind load signal for the next longer period of time to simulate the time-varying nature of wind-induced effects. The OpenSEES experimental substructure and the Simulink numerical substructure module are used to trigger the next long structural nonlinear analysis; steps S1 to S5 are executed in a loop until the simulation ends, thereby realizing the real-time closed-loop simulation test of the dynamic response of the wind turbine system under the coupled action of earthquake and wind load.

[0023] Step S5 involves using a hybrid experimental software platform developed based on OpenFAST and Simulink simulation environments. After obtaining the displacement command, Simulink is used to build the upper numerical substructure module to calculate the restoring force on the upper nodes. A nonlinear numerical model is established using the OpenSEES experimental substructure module. After the numerical substructure in the platform receives the displacement command response, a client is created using the S-Function module to send the structural response of the wind turbine tower to the server created by the OpenSEES experimental substructure module. Then, the nonlinear model of the numerical substructure module in the OpenSEES experimental substructure module solves the restoring force and returns it to the Simulink simulation environment.

[0024] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combination Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 Taking the monopile foundation test of an onshore wind turbine as an example, the following is a detailed explanation: Selecting wind turbine tower model parameters A typical onshore wind turbine consists of a tower, blades, a nacelle, and a concrete foundation. This embodiment uses a 5MW Nordex S70 wind turbine as a reference prototype. The wind turbine tower is constructed from nine thin-walled steel sections welded together. All steel used in this turbine is Q345 steel, and the blades are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic. The tower is 65m high, truncated cone-shaped, with a base outer diameter of 5674mm, a top outer diameter of 3870mm, and a wall thickness of 19~25.6mm. Detailed dimensions are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0025] Table 1 Parameters of Wind Power Tower Table 2 Information on Wind Power Towers

[0026] S1. In the OpenFAST simulation module, based on the structural parameters of the upper structure of the wind turbine, a numerical model of the upper structure of the wind turbine is constructed in the OpenFAST simulation module; based on the numerical model and the preset wind power tower parameters, calculations are performed. Initially, at time t, a numerical wind load signal is generated acting on the upper structure of the wind turbine. and the numerical wind load signal Send to the Simulink simulation environment.

[0027] S2. In the Simulink simulation environment, from Begin by receiving the numerical wind load signal. With the preset numerical ground motion signal The load signals are then input into the coordinator module; the coordinator module, based on the motion equations of the wind turbine tower, fuses and solves the input load signals, and outputs the current displacement response command of the wind turbine system. ; The specific steps of step S2 are as follows: Select four ground motion data from the PEER earthquake engineering database as external input signals. It was introduced into the Simulink simulation environment; the 0.1gEI Centro wave was selected as the input seismic wave.

[0028] In the coordinator module of the Simulink simulation environment, set the structural mass matrix. Damping matrix Stiffness matrix parameter; Wind load signal and seismic signals After superposition processing, the data is transmitted to the coordinator module to solve the motion equations of the wind turbine tower and obtain the next displacement command. ; The equation of motion for a wind turbine tower is expressed as: (1) ;

[0029] in, The structural mass matrix, Here is the structural damping matrix. These are displacement, velocity, and acceleration vectors, respectively. This refers to the restoring force of the numerical substructure when this part of the structure is within its elastic range. ,in Here is the stiffness matrix of the numerical substructure. The restoring force of the test substructure is measured by experimental loading, as the test substructure may exhibit nonlinear behavior. This represents the excitation force under seismic load. This refers to the force exerted by wind load.

[0030] S3, Send the current displacement response command The data is sent to the numerical substructure module in Simulink and the experimental substructure module in OpenSEES, respectively. The OpenSEES end receives data from... Initially, based on the displacement response command Perform structural nonlinear analysis and calculate the restoring force from the numerical substructure module. The signal is used to calculate the restoring force from the experimental substructure module. Signal; Based on the structural parameters of the wind turbine's substructure, configure a test substructure model in the OpenSEES numerical simulation module to characterize the mechanical properties of the substructure. The current displacement response command... Send to OpenFAST to obtain the wind load at time t+1. and seismic load .

[0031] S4, the restoring force Signals and Signals are transmitted from the OpenSEES experimental substructure module and the numerical substructure in Simulink back to the coordinator module in the Simulink simulation environment; S5, the coordinator module according to Signals and The signal is used to solve the motion equations of the wind turbine tower for the next longer period, output the displacement response command for the next longer period, and send the displacement response command for the next longer period to: The OpenFAST simulation module is used to trigger the generation of a numerical wind load signal for the next longer period of time to simulate the time-varying nature of wind-induced effects. The OpenSEES experimental substructure and the Simulink numerical substructure module are used to trigger the next long structural nonlinear analysis; steps S1 to S5 are executed in a loop until the simulation ends.

[0032] Test comparison: Based on the original OpenFAST-Simulink platform, a nonlinear numerical model was established using OpenSEES. After the numerical substructure in the platform received displacement, a client was created using the S-Function module to send the structural response of the wind turbine tower to the server created by OpenSEES. Then, the nonlinear model in OpenSEES solved for the restoring force and returned it to Simulink. An OpenFAST-Simulink-OpenSEES platform was established and interactively tested and compared with the OpenFAST-Simulink platform.

[0033] Creating a server in OpenSEES requires first running OpenSEES and waiting for client connections. Once the Simulink simulation starts, it listens for and waits to establish a connection with OpenFAST. The simulation automatically starts once the three finite element software programs are connected. A data interaction test is performed on OpenFAST-Simulink-OpenSEES, with a simulation duration of 20 seconds and a step size of 0.001 seconds. The test process is as follows: Figure 9 As shown.

[0034] Among them, the numerical substructure module is a key component of the hybrid experimental platform, such as... Figure 5 As shown, this module models various parts of the wind turbine structure based on the finite element method, using beam element models to simulate the dynamic response of the wind turbine tower. The main calculations include mass, stiffness, and damping matrices, and it facilitates hybrid testing through data exchange with the coordinator module.

[0035] Virtual experimental substructure The experimental substructures in the hybrid test platform built on Simulink are functionally replaced by numerical methods and are used as the restoring force of the current step. The numerical model of the wind turbine tower structure is simulated by the finite element software OpenSEES to further verify the feasibility of the platform.

[0036] To verify the reliability of the constructed hybrid test platform, a standard hybrid test simulation procedure was executed, and preliminary verification of the hybrid wind turbine tower test was achieved through numerical simulation. Since El-Centro waves and Kobe waves are short-period seismic waves, to prevent transient responses in the initial stage of wind load simulation, ground motion was added 30 seconds after the wind load input, and the ground motion amplitude was uniformly tuned to 0.1g.

[0037] Platform operation results are as follows Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the test platform can simulate the dynamic response of the structure under three different working conditions: wind load, seismic load, and wind load superimposed with 0.1g seismic motion, clearly reflecting the stress characteristics of the wind turbine tower under different load combinations.

[0038] Overall, the hybrid test platform demonstrated high reliability and stability in the dynamic analysis of wind turbine towers. The test process proceeded without any abnormal interruptions, and the calculation results accurately reflected the dynamic characteristics of the structure. This indicates that the platform can meet the basic requirements for hybrid wind turbine tower testing, providing a solid technical foundation for subsequent standard hybrid tests.

[0039] Based on the aforementioned OpenFAST-Simulink platform, interactive tests were conducted and compared with the currently used OpenFAST-Simulink-OpenSEES platform. See [link / reference]. Figure 10 This indicates that the influence of structural nonlinearity does indeed exist and can lead to certain differences. Finally, the results of the interactive tests across the three platforms show good agreement, demonstrating the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method. This provides sufficient theoretical and data support for conducting more realistic hybrid experiments, ensuring the reliability and validity of the experimental results.

Claims

1. A method for conducting a hybrid test on a wind turbine substructure under earthquake-wind coupling, characterized in that: The experiment was conducted using the OpenFAST simulation module, the Simulink simulation environment of MATLAB, and the virtual experimental substructure of OpenSEES. The Simulink simulation environment includes the ground motion module, the coordinator module, and the numerical substructure. The method includes the following steps: S1. In the OpenFAST simulation module, the numerical wind load acting on the wind turbine structure is calculated based on the set parameters of the wind turbine superstructure, and the numerical wind load signal is sent to the Simulink simulation environment. S2. In the Simulink simulation environment, the numerical wind load signal and the preset numerical ground motion signal are received and input to the coordinator module. The coordinator module performs a fusion solution on the input load signal based on the motion equation of the wind turbine tower and outputs the current displacement response command of the wind turbine system. S3. Send the current displacement response command to the numerical substructure module in Simulink and the experimental substructure module in OpenSEES, respectively. Perform structural nonlinear analysis based on the displacement response command and calculate the restoring force from the numerical substructure module. The signal is used to calculate the restoring force from the experimental substructure module. Signal; S4, the restoring force Signals and Signals are transmitted from the OpenSEES experimental substructure module and the numerical substructure in Simulink back to the coordinator module in the Simulink simulation environment; S5, the coordinator module according to Signals and The signal is used to solve the motion equations of the wind turbine tower for the next longer period, output the displacement response command for the next longer period, and send the displacement response command for the next longer period to: The OpenFAST simulation module is used to trigger the generation of a numerical wind load signal for the next longer period of time to simulate the time-varying nature of wind-induced effects. The OpenSEES experimental substructure and the Simulink numerical substructure module are used to trigger the next long structural nonlinear analysis; steps S1 to S5 are executed in a loop until the simulation ends, thereby realizing the real-time closed-loop simulation test of the dynamic response of the wind turbine system under the coupled action of earthquake and wind load.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, step S1 involves constructing a numerical model of the wind turbine's upper structure in the OpenFAST simulation module based on the structural parameters of the wind turbine's upper structure; performing calculations based on the numerical model and preset wind power tower parameters to generate a numerical wind load signal acting on the wind turbine's upper structure; and sending the numerical wind load signal to the Simulink simulation environment.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S2 are as follows: Select four ground motions from the PEER earthquake engineering database as external input signals and introduce them into the Simulink simulation environment; In the coordinator module of the Simulink simulation environment, set the structural mass matrix. Damping matrix Stiffness matrix parameter; After superimposing and processing the wind load signal and the ground motion signal, the signal is transmitted to the coordinator module to solve the motion equation of the wind turbine tower and obtain the next displacement command. The equation of motion for a wind turbine tower is expressed as: ； in, The structural mass matrix, Here is the structural damping matrix. These are displacement, velocity, and acceleration vectors, respectively. This refers to the restoring force of the numerical substructure when this part of the structure is within its elastic range. ,in Here is the stiffness matrix of the numerical substructure. The restoring force of the test substructure; This represents the excitation force under seismic load. This refers to the force exerted by wind load.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, step S3 involves configuring an experimental substructure model in the OpenSEES numerical simulation module to characterize the mechanical properties of the substructure based on the structural parameters of the wind turbine's lower structure.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 involves, based on a hybrid experimental software platform developed using OpenFAST and Simulink simulation environments, obtaining the displacement command and then using Simulink to build the upper numerical substructure module to calculate the restoring force on the upper nodes. ; A nonlinear numerical model is established using the OpenSEES test substructure module. After the numerical substructure in the platform receives the displacement command response, a client is created using the S-Function module to send the structural response of the wind turbine tower to the server created by the OpenSEES test substructure module. Then, the nonlinear model in the OpenSEES test substructure module solves for the restoring force and returns it to the Simulink simulation environment.

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