BIM-based construction simulation management method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on BIM's building construction simulation management method and system, and the present application relates to construction management technical field, comprising the following steps: construction task in BIM model is decomposed into several work packages, and plan duration and plan cumulative progress curve are set for each work package, and actual cumulative progress is collected in real time;By comparing actual cumulative progress with planned progress, calculate the progress residual and its change rate, judge the compensation state of work package according to its relative size, if the state is random fluctuation, then do not extract features and set compensation factor to zero;Otherwise, extract characteristic parameters and dynamically calculate proportional gain and integral gain.Combining residual accumulation and offset amplitude, calculate dynamic compensation factor, correct the remaining plan duration of each work package, get the revised duration, improve the accuracy of dynamic adjustment, ensure that the end time of each work package can be adjusted in time according to actual progress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction management technology, specifically to a BIM-based building construction simulation management method and system. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction industry, with the widespread application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, the refinement and intelligence of construction management have become important trends in industry development. BIM technology provides visualized and collaborative management tools for the construction process, making the decomposition of construction tasks, progress monitoring, and optimal resource allocation more efficient. In this context, real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment during the construction process are particularly important, especially in complex construction environments. The ability to quickly respond to schedule changes and take appropriate compensatory measures is key to ensuring on-time project delivery. Existing technologies typically rely on traditional construction schedule management methods, assessing project progress through manual recording and periodic checks. While these methods can reflect construction progress to some extent, the lack of real-time data and automated analysis limits the accuracy and timeliness of schedule assessments. Furthermore, existing schedule management systems often fail to effectively handle schedule deviations caused by construction environment, resource allocation, and other dynamic factors. Their adjustment methods are limited, unable to identify noise or other interference, and cannot adjust according to different types of deviations, resulting in weak precision in deviation adjustments. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a precise management method that can dynamically analyze progress residuals and their changes, determine the construction status in real time, and formulate corresponding compensation strategies to improve the level of intelligent construction management and ensure the smooth progress of the construction process.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a BIM-based building construction simulation management method and system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A BIM-based building construction simulation management method includes the following steps: The construction tasks in the building BIM model to be monitored are decomposed into several work packages, and a planned duration and a planned cumulative progress curve are set for each work package. The actual cumulative progress of each work package is collected in real time. Based on the actual cumulative progress and planned cumulative progress of each work package at the current sampling time, calculate the current progress residual and its first and second rates of change, and make a state judgment based on the sign and relative magnitude of the current progress residual and its first and second rates of change to determine the current compensation state of each work package, which is random fluctuation mode, uniform drift mode, deterioration mode or convergence mode. If the current compensation state is a random fluctuation mode, no features are extracted and the compensation factor is directly set to zero; otherwise, the feature parameters of the corresponding state are extracted within the set moving window for the current compensation state. Based on the current compensation status and extracted feature parameters, the proportional gain and integral gain within the moving window are dynamically calculated, and the residual cumulative sum and offset amplitude within the moving window are calculated. The dynamic compensation factor for each work package is calculated by combining the proportional gain and integral gain. Based on the obtained dynamic compensation factor, the remaining planned duration of each work package is revised to obtain the revised duration of each work package.

[0006] Furthermore, the work package includes construction content, planned duration, and planned cumulative progress curve, and a unique identifier is assigned to each work package. The planned cumulative progress curve is specifically obtained through the BIM model of the building to be monitored.

[0007] Furthermore, for any work package, calculating its current schedule residual specifically includes: Obtain the actual cumulative progress and planned cumulative progress of the work package at the current sampling time, and use the difference between the actual cumulative progress and the planned cumulative progress as the current progress residual of the work package; Based on the current progress residual, calculate the first and second rates of change of the current progress residual. Specifically, the difference between the current progress residual and the progress residual at the previous sampling time is taken as the first rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time. The difference between the first-order rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time and the first-order rate of change of the progress residual at the previous sampling time is taken as the second-order rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time.

[0008] Furthermore, the logic upon which the current compensation status is determined is as follows: If the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is not less than the second change threshold, and the current schedule residual and its second-order rate of change have the same sign, then the current compensation state is classified as the deterioration mode. If any of the conditions in the first judgment constraint are met, the current compensation state is classified as a convergence mode. The first judgment constraint includes: Condition 1: The absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is not less than the second change threshold, and the signs of the current schedule residual and its second-order rate of change are opposite. Condition 2: The absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is less than the second change threshold, and the absolute value of the first-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is not less than the first change threshold, and the signs of the current schedule residual and its second-order rate of change are opposite. If the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current progress residual is less than the second change threshold, and the absolute value of the first-order rate of change of the current progress residual is not less than the first change threshold, and the signs of the current progress residual and its second-order rate of change are the same, then the current compensation state is classified as uniform drift mode. If the absolute value of the first-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is less than the first change threshold, and the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is less than the second change threshold, then the current compensation state is classified as random fluctuation mode.

[0009] Furthermore, for the current compensation state, feature parameters of the corresponding state within the width of the moving window are extracted. The feature parameters include the duration factor, the fluctuation consistency coefficient, the trend strength, and the trend decay rate. The width of the moving window is a preset fixed value, and the termination point of the moving window is the current sampling time. For the uniform drift mode, the duration factor and volatility consistency coefficient are extracted; for the deterioration mode, the trend strength and volatility consistency coefficient are extracted; for the convergence mode, the duration factor and trend decay rate are extracted. The duration factor is specifically expressed as follows: Determine the sampling time of the most recent compensation state change, calculate the time difference between the current time and the sampling time of the most recent compensation state change, and record the ratio of this time difference to the width of the moving window as the first candidate factor. The duration factor is the minimum value between the first candidate factor and the constant 1. The calculation of the volatility consistency coefficient specifically includes: Determine the progress residual at each sampling time within the moving window, use the first rate of change of the current progress residual as the input of the sign function, multiply the output of the sign function by the progress residual at each sampling time within the moving window, use the product as the input of the indicator function, accumulate the output value of the indicator function, and record the ratio of the accumulated value to the total number of sampling times within the moving window as the fluctuation consistency coefficient. The logic for calculating trend strength is as follows: The slope of the progress residual at each sampling point within the moving window is determined, specifically through residual fitting. The standard deviation of the progress residual is calculated based on the slope. Then, the trend strength is calculated based on the standard deviation and the residual slope, specifically including: Take the absolute value of the slope of the progress residual within the moving window as the numerator, and the sum of the standard deviation of the progress residual within the moving window and the constant 0.01 as the denominator. The ratio of the numerator to the denominator is taken as the trend strength. The trend decay rate is specifically calculated using the first and second rates of change of the current progress residual. The calculation of the trend decay rate specifically includes: Take the absolute values ​​of the first and second rates of change of the current schedule residual, respectively, calculate the sum of the absolute value of the first rate of change of the current schedule residual and the constant 0.01, and take the ratio of the absolute value of the second rate of change of the current schedule residual to the sum as the trend decay rate.

[0010] Furthermore, the specific logic underlying the dynamic calculation of the proportional gain and integral gain within the moving window is as follows: For the uniform drift mode, the proportional gain and integral gain are specifically expressed as follows: Calculate the product of the consistency optimization coefficient and the fluctuation consistency coefficient, add the consistency optimization coefficient to the product, and record the sum as the first gain proportional coefficient. Multiply the sum by the preset first proportional gain coefficient to obtain the proportional gain. The product of the preset first integral gain coefficient and the duration factor is denoted as the integral gain; For the degradation mode, the calculation of its proportional gain and integral gain is specifically expressed as follows: The product of the second proportional gain coefficient, the trend strength, and the first gain proportional coefficient is used as the proportional gain. Calculate the difference between constant 1 and the preset acceleration deterioration coefficient, and calculate the product of the difference and the fluctuation consistency coefficient. Calculate the sum of the product and the acceleration deterioration coefficient, and use the product of the sum and the duration factor and the second integral gain coefficient as the integral gain. For the convergence mode, the calculation of its proportional gain and integral gain is specifically expressed as follows: Take the sum of the trend decay rate and the constant 1, and take the reciprocal of the sum. Multiply the reciprocal, the third proportional gain coefficient, and the first gain proportional coefficient as the proportional gain. The product of the third integral gain coefficient and the duration factor is taken as the integral gain.

[0011] Furthermore, calculating the offset magnitude and residual cumulative sum within the moving window specifically includes: The average value of the progress residuals at each sampling time within the moving window is taken as the offset amplitude within the moving window; The progress residuals from the initial sampling time to the current sampling time are accumulated to obtain the cumulative residual sum at the current sampling time; The calculation of the dynamic compensation factor specifically includes: Determine the compensation state at the current sampling time, and determine the corresponding proportional gain and integral gain based on the compensation state; Calculate the product of the corresponding proportional gain and the absolute value of the offset amplitude within the moving window, and use the ratio of this product to the constant 100 as the first compensation term; Calculate the product of the absolute value of the cumulative sum of residuals and the integral gain, and use the ratio of this product to the constant 100 as the second compensation term; The first rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time is used as the input of the sign function, and the output of the sign function, the product of the first compensation term and the second compensation term are used as the dynamic compensation factor at the current sampling time. The logic for revising the remaining planned duration of each work package is as follows: For any work package, determine its compensation status at the current sampling time and calculate the corresponding dynamic compensation factor. Based on the dynamic compensation factor and its planned duration, generate the revised duration for that work package, specifically expressed as follows: Calculate the difference between constant 1 and the dynamic compensation factor at the current sampling time of the work package, and multiply the difference by the planned duration of the work package as the corrected duration of the work package.

[0012] This invention also provides a BIM-based building construction simulation management system, which is used to execute the above-described BIM-based building construction simulation management method, including: The data sampling module is used to decompose the construction tasks in the building BIM model to be monitored into several work packages, set the planned duration and planned cumulative progress curve for each work package, and collect the actual cumulative progress of each work package in real time. The offset state judgment module is used to calculate the current progress residual and its first-order and second-order rates of change based on the actual cumulative progress and planned cumulative progress of each work package at the current sampling time, and to make a state judgment based on the sign and relative magnitude of the current progress residual and its first-order and second-order rates of change, and determine the current compensation state of each work package, which is random fluctuation mode, uniform drift mode, deterioration mode or convergence mode. The feature extraction module is used to extract no features and directly set the compensation factor to zero if the current compensation state is a random fluctuation mode; otherwise, it extracts the feature parameters of the corresponding state within the set moving window for the current compensation state. The compensation optimization module is used to dynamically calculate the proportional gain and integral gain within the moving window based on the current compensation status and extracted feature parameters, and to calculate the residual cumulative sum and the offset amplitude within the moving window. It also calculates the dynamic compensation factor for each work package by combining the proportional gain and integral gain. The schedule management module is used to adjust the remaining planned schedule of each work package based on the obtained dynamic compensation factor, and obtain the adjusted schedule of each work package.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention systematically decomposes construction tasks into work packages and combines them with a real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment mechanism, significantly improving the effectiveness and accuracy of construction progress management. In progress management, by analyzing the first and second-order rates of change of progress residuals, managers can gain a deeper understanding of the changing trends in construction progress and identify different compensation states. This facilitates the timely identification and early warning of construction risks and provides a scientific basis for subsequent decision-making. Through data-driven dynamic adjustments, it allows for flexible responses to actual conditions, improving the accuracy of dynamic adjustments and ensuring the smooth progress of construction projects. Secondly, this invention sets up a dynamic compensation factor calculation mechanism. By setting a moving window and combining the dynamic calculation of proportional gain and integral gain, it can accurately correct the remaining planned duration based on real-time data, ensuring that the end time of each work package can be adjusted in a timely manner according to the actual progress, thereby avoiding resource waste and cost increases caused by plan delays. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system structure of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0016] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0017] Example: Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: A BIM-based building construction simulation management method includes the following steps: Step 1: Decompose the construction tasks in the BIM model of the building to be monitored into several work packages, and set the planned duration and planned cumulative progress curve for each work package, and collect the actual cumulative progress of each work package in real time.

[0018] The work package includes the construction content, planned duration, and planned cumulative progress curve, and each work package is assigned a unique identifier. The planned cumulative progress curve is specifically obtained through the BIM model of the building to be monitored.

[0019] The work content description includes the specific construction work involved in the work package; the planned duration is the estimated completion time set for each work package; and a unique identifier is assigned to each work package for easy tracking and management. Develop a detailed schedule based on the construction content and duration, visualize the completion time of each stage of the work package in chart form, and use Gantt charts or other project management tools to draw the planned cumulative progress curve for each work package, usually with time on the horizontal axis and the completed work or percentage on the vertical axis; use BIM software (such as Revit, Navisworks, etc.) to extract information related to each work package, and associate the construction progress with elements in the BIM model (such as components, areas, etc.) to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of the data; During construction, the completion status of each work package is monitored in real time, and the actual cumulative progress data is updated regularly. The actual progress is compared with the planned progress, and the progress curve is updated through data visualization tools, such as Power BI and Tableau.

[0020] Step 2: Based on the actual cumulative progress and planned cumulative progress of each work package at the current sampling time, calculate the current progress residual and its first and second rate of change. Based on the sign and relative magnitude of the current progress residual and its first and second rate of change, determine the current compensation state of each work package, which is random fluctuation mode, uniform drift mode, deterioration mode or convergence mode.

[0021] For any work package, calculating its current schedule residual specifically includes: Obtain the actual cumulative progress and planned cumulative progress of the work package at the current sampling time, and use the difference between the actual cumulative progress and the planned cumulative progress as the current progress residual of the work package; the specific formula used is as follows: For any work package, the specific formula used to calculate its current schedule residual is as follows: In the formula, This represents the current progress residual. This represents the actual cumulative progress at the current sampling time. The cumulative progress of the plan at the current sampling time, where t represents the current sampling time; The specific method for obtaining the actual cumulative progress at the current sampling time is as follows: Based on the project's progress, collect the actual progress data for each work package regularly. The construction team should record the construction progress daily, including completed tasks, workload, and existing problems. Use project management software (such as Microsoft Project, Primavera P6, etc.) to automatically update and generate progress reports. Organize and classify the collected actual workload to ensure that the actual completion status of each work package is recorded, specifically including the actual completed construction tasks, the number of components, the work area, the actual time to complete these tasks, and compare them with the planned duration. Based on the current progress residual, calculate the first and second rates of change of the current progress residual. Specifically, the difference between the current progress residual and the progress residual at the previous sampling time is taken as the first rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time. The difference between the first-order rate of change of the schedule residual at the current sampling time and the first-order rate of change of the schedule residual at the previous sampling time is taken as the second-order rate of change of the schedule residual at the current sampling time; the specific formula is expressed as: The formulas used to calculate the first and second rates of change of the current schedule residual are as follows: In the formula, This represents the first-order rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time. The progress residual at the previous sampling time. This represents the second-order rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time. This represents the first-order rate of change of the progress residual at the previous sampling time.

[0022] It should be noted that the first-order rate of change represents the change in the schedule residual at the current sampling time, that is, the difference between the current time point and the previous time point; this helps to analyze whether the schedule residual is increasing or decreasing, reflecting the instantaneous change in schedule deviation; if This indicates that the schedule residual is increasing, which means that the project schedule is changing in the direction of being ahead of schedule, that is, the project schedule tends to be ahead of schedule compared to the previous sampling time. The second-order rate of change represents the amount of change in the first-order rate of change, reflecting whether the schedule residual changes are accelerating or decelerating; it reveals the trend of schedule deviation changes, i.e., the rate of change. This indicates that the rate of change of schedule deviation is accelerating, which may mean increasingly serious tracking errors in the project. The logic used to determine the current compensation status is as follows: If the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is not less than the second change threshold, and the current schedule residual and its second-order rate of change have the same sign, then the current compensation state is classified as the deterioration mode. The second change threshold is generally set to a certain percentile of the historical second-order rate of change, usually between 80% and 95%, or set in combination with expert experience. It should be noted that if the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is not less than the second change threshold, it means that the current schedule residual is increasing rapidly and needs to be adjusted; and if the current schedule residual and its second-order rate of change have the same sign, it means that the current project schedule is increasing rapidly along a certain deviation direction, so a significant adjustment intervention is required. If any of the conditions in the first judgment constraint are met, the current compensation state is classified as a convergence mode. The first judgment constraint includes: Condition 1: The absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is not less than the second change threshold, and the signs of the current schedule residual and its second-order rate of change are opposite. Condition 2: The absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is less than the second change threshold, and the absolute value of the first-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is not less than the first change threshold, and the signs of the current schedule residual and its second-order rate of change are opposite. It should be noted that the current schedule residual and its second rate of change have opposite signs, indicating that the project deviation is changing in the direction of decreasing schedule deviation, which means that the compensation should be reduced to avoid overshoot; If the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current progress residual is less than the second change threshold, and the absolute value of the first-order rate of change of the current progress residual is not less than the first change threshold, and the signs of the current progress residual and its second-order rate of change are the same, then the current compensation state is classified as uniform drift mode. It should be noted that if the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current progress residual is less than the second change threshold, it indicates that the change of the current progress residual is relatively stable and the rate of change is relatively consistent. This indicates that the project progress is drifting at a relatively constant speed, which is a signal of unidirectional drift and requires intervention. It should be regarded as a uniform drift mode. The first change threshold is also set according to a certain percentile of the historical first-order rate of change, or in combination with expert experience. If the absolute value of the first-order rate of change of the current progress residual is less than the first change threshold, and the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current progress residual is less than the second change threshold, then the current compensation state is classified as random fluctuation mode. When the absolute values ​​of the schedule residual and its first rate of change are both less than a certain threshold, it indicates that the current schedule fluctuation is very small. This usually means that the project progress is relatively stable, without significant deviations or accelerated changes, and is suitable for classification as a random fluctuation pattern. Step 3: If the current compensation state is a random fluctuation mode, no features are extracted and the compensation factor is directly set to zero; otherwise, the feature parameters of the corresponding state are extracted within the set moving window for the current compensation state.

[0023] For the current compensation state, feature parameters of the corresponding state within the width of the moving window are extracted. The feature parameters include the duration factor, the fluctuation consistency coefficient, the trend strength, and the trend decay rate. The width of the moving window is a preset fixed value, and the termination point of the moving window is the current sampling time. The width of the moving window is generally set to 5-7 days.

[0024] For the uniform drift mode, the duration factor and volatility consistency coefficient are extracted; for the deterioration mode, the trend strength and volatility consistency coefficient are extracted; for the convergence mode, the duration factor and trend decay rate are extracted. The duration factor is specifically expressed as follows: Determine the sampling time of the most recent compensation state change, calculate the time difference between the current time and the sampling time of the most recent compensation state change, and record the ratio of this time difference to the width of the moving window as the first candidate factor. The duration factor is the minimum value between the first candidate factor and the constant 1. The specific formula used to calculate the duration factor is as follows: In the formula, For duration factor, The sampling time of the most recent compensation state change. To move the window width; This represents the time difference between the current moment and the sampling moment of the most recent compensated state change; It should be noted that the duration factor ranges from [0,1]. A larger value indicates that the project has remained in its current state since the most recent compensation state change; that is, the proportion of the current offset's duration to the target response time is greater. The closer it is to 0, the weaker the integral effect becomes. The calculation of the volatility consistency coefficient specifically includes: Determine the progress residual at each sampling time within the moving window, use the first rate of change of the current progress residual as the input of the sign function, multiply the output of the sign function by the progress residual at each sampling time within the moving window, use the product as the input of the indicator function, accumulate the output value of the indicator function, and record the ratio of the accumulated value to the total number of sampling times within the moving window as the fluctuation consistency coefficient. The specific formula used to calculate the volatility consistency coefficient is as follows: In the formula, Let J be the progress residual at the j-th sampling time within the moving window. The first rate of change of the current progress residual. Represents a symbolic function. This is the index of the sampling time within the moving window. The volatility consistency coefficient; Indicates an indicator function, The total number of sampling times within the moving window; when the first-order rate of change of the input is positive, the sign function... The output is 1; when the first-order rate of change is 0, the output is 0; otherwise, the output is -1. Indicator function. When its judgment condition is met, its output is 1; otherwise, its output is 0. It should be noted that the volatility consistency coefficient measures whether the direction of the residual within the moving window is consistent with the current speed direction. It reflects the degree to which the direction of change of the schedule residual is consistent with the current rate of change within the moving window. The value ranges from 0 to 1; the larger the value, the higher the proportion of the progress residual that is consistent with the current rate of change in sign within the entire movement window, indicating that the trend of progress change is more stable and consistent. If the direction is consistent, it means that the offset is continuous and compensation should be strengthened; if the direction is chaotic, it means that it may be a temporary fluctuation and compensation should be weakened. If the current velocity direction is positive This indicates that the deviation is increasing in the positive direction, which is equivalent to the schedule residual changing in the direction of actual advance; this means that the more days the residual is positive in the moving window, the higher the consistency. If the current velocity direction is negative If the deviation increases in the negative direction, then the condition is equivalent to the schedule residual changing in the direction of actual lag.

[0025] The logic for calculating trend strength is as follows: The slope of the progress residual at each sampling point within the moving window is determined, specifically through residual fitting. The standard deviation of the progress residual is calculated based on the slope. Then, the trend strength is calculated based on the standard deviation and the residual slope, specifically including: Take the absolute value of the slope of the progress residual within the moving window as the numerator, and the sum of the standard deviation of the progress residual within the moving window and the constant 0.01 as the denominator. The ratio of the numerator to the denominator is taken as the trend strength. The logic for calculating trend strength is as follows: The slope of the progress residuals at each sampling point within the moving window is determined, specifically through residual fitting. The standard deviation of the progress residuals is then calculated based on the slope. Finally, the trend strength is calculated using the formula: In the formula, For trend strength, The slope of the progress residual within the moving window. The standard deviation of the progress residuals within the moving window; It should be noted that the trend strength It measures the magnitude of the residual slope relative to the residual fluctuation. Specifically, a larger trend strength indicates that the change in schedule residuals is relatively obvious and the trend is stronger within an acceptable range of fluctuation. A value close to 0 indicates a relatively weak trend, or the change in schedule residuals is masked by the fluctuation of the standard deviation, and the project progress is not obvious. The closer the value is to 1, the more obvious the trend is, and the significant trend of project schedule change requires updating. The trend decay rate is specifically calculated using the first and second rates of change of the current progress residual. The calculation of the trend decay rate specifically includes: Take the absolute values ​​of the first and second rates of change of the current schedule residual, respectively, calculate the sum of the absolute value of the first rate of change of the current schedule residual and the constant 0.01, and take the ratio of the absolute value of the second rate of change of the current schedule residual to the sum as the trend decay rate.

[0026] The trend decay rate is specifically calculated using the first and second rates of change of the current progress residual. The formula used to calculate the trend decay rate is as follows: In the formula, The trend decay rate, This represents the second-order rate of change of the current progress residual.

[0027] It should be noted that the trend decay rate It measures the ratio of the intensity of the current progress change to its rate of change; the closer the value is to 0, the smaller the current rate of change, indicating that the progress is not obvious or the change is not significant, and that the construction project is relatively stable to some extent. The larger the value, the larger the current second-order rate of change is relative to the first-order rate of change, which means that the trend of progress change is accelerating or decaying is becoming more obvious; a larger trend decay rate may mean that the project is facing greater change pressure and may need to be adjusted.

[0028] Step 4: Based on the current compensation status and extracted feature parameters, dynamically calculate the proportional gain and integral gain within the moving window, calculate the residual cumulative sum and the offset amplitude within the moving window, and combine the proportional gain and integral gain to calculate the dynamic compensation factor for each work package.

[0029] The logic underlying the dynamic calculation of the proportional gain and integral gain within the moving window is as follows: For the uniform drift mode, the proportional gain and integral gain are specifically expressed as follows: Calculate the product of the consistency optimization coefficient and the fluctuation consistency coefficient, add the consistency optimization coefficient to the product, and record the sum as the first gain proportional coefficient. Multiply the sum by the preset first proportional gain coefficient to obtain the proportional gain. The product of the preset first integral gain coefficient and the duration factor is denoted as the integral gain; For the uniform drift mode, the specific formulas used to calculate the proportional gain and integral gain are as follows: In the formula, and These represent proportional gain and integral gain, respectively. The first proportional gain coefficient, For consistency optimization coefficients, This is the first integral gain coefficient; It should be noted that in constant speed drift mode, if only proportional control is used, steady-state error may remain; the integral term eliminates this steady-state error by accumulating historical deviations; however, excessive integral action can lead to overshoot or oscillation, so it is necessary to gradually introduce integrals according to the duration factor. When the offset has just started ( (Close to 0), the integral action should be very weak or even zero, because proportional control may be sufficient at this point. Integrating too early will cause overshoot, and the longer the offset problem persists, the more forceful correction is needed. Therefore, set... First integral gain coefficient This is the reference maximum value of the integral gain; its magnitude determines the final strength of the integral term, and it is generally taken as 0.2. The volatility consistency coefficient reflects the changes in volatility and is adopted using... The form makes the proportional gain in There is still a reference value, which retains the minimum proportional response and can be continuously adjusted for consistency; The global proportional gain reference is used to control the overall correction strength; its value can be determined through construction experience or simulation calibration, and is generally between 0.3 and 0.6. The consistency optimization coefficient is used to adjust... The sensitivity to gain is generally set to a value greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0030] For the degradation mode, the calculation of its proportional gain and integral gain is specifically expressed as follows: The product of the second proportional gain coefficient, the trend strength, and the first gain proportional coefficient is used as the proportional gain. Calculate the difference between constant 1 and the preset acceleration deterioration coefficient, and calculate the product of the difference and the fluctuation consistency coefficient. Calculate the sum of the product and the acceleration deterioration coefficient, and use the product of the sum and the duration factor and the second integral gain coefficient as the integral gain. For the degradation mode, the specific formulas used to calculate its proportional gain and integral gain are as follows: In the formula, This is the second proportional gain coefficient. To accelerate the deterioration coefficient, This is the second integral gain coefficient; It should be noted that in the deterioration mode, using only a uniform drift compensation strategy will result in significant bias, as the acceleration of the bias will rapidly amplify future biases; therefore, the proportional gain must be additionally multiplied by the trend strength. To reflect the key information that the deterioration is accelerating; trend strength This reflects the significance of the residual trend: the greater the slope, the smaller the fluctuation. The larger; The trend strength is not significant during uniform drift, therefore multiplication is not required. In the deterioration mode These are key variables and must be introduced; This is the baseline proportional gain coefficient in the deterioration mode; since the deterioration mode requires stronger intervention than uniform drift, it is usually taken as... ; In the deterioration mode, the deviation is accelerating away from the target; the integral term is used to eliminate long-term accumulated error, but if the directional consistency is poor... A lower integral gain indicates an unstable acceleration trend that may reverse quickly. In this case, an excessively strong integral gain can lead to overshoot and oscillation. Therefore, the integral gain setting should be adjusted according to consistency. Increase and strengthen; use The form makes the integral gain in At that time ,exist At that time ; Control the minimum integration ratio; among which Setting a value greater than 0 and less than 1 preserves the basic integral while allowing for enhanced consistency.

[0031] This is the maximum baseline integral gain in the deterioration mode; since the deterioration mode requires a stronger integral to eliminate accumulated bias, it is usually taken as... ; For the convergence mode, the calculation of its proportional gain and integral gain is specifically expressed as follows: Take the sum of the trend decay rate and the constant 1, and take the reciprocal of the sum. Multiply the reciprocal, the third proportional gain coefficient, and the first gain proportional coefficient as the proportional gain. The product of the third integral gain coefficient and the duration factor is taken as the integral gain.

[0032] For the convergence mode, the specific formulas used to calculate its proportional gain and integral gain are as follows: In the formula, This is the third proportional gain coefficient. This is the third integral gain coefficient.

[0033] It should be noted that in the convergence mode, the process is in a transitional period from deterioration to improvement; the peak of the progress residual may be about to appear, after which it will fall back; if uniform drift or even stronger compensation is used, it is very easy to cause overshoot; therefore, the compensation strategy for the convergence mode should be that the proportional gain needs to be suppressed and the integral gain also needs to be appropriately reduced. In this scheme, the integral gain has the same form as uniform drift but the coefficient is smaller, that is... ;in exist It will become negative, which does not conform to the definition; and It may be greater than 1, in which case... Always positive, compared to Linear fractions are simpler and require less computation, while ensuring smooth decay. Even during the convergence phase, consistency It remains important; if the residual directions are highly consistent, it indicates that the deceleration trend is stable, and a certain proportional gain should be appropriately retained; if the directions are chaotic, it indicates that the deceleration is unreliable, and the proportional gain should be further reduced. This is the reference proportional gain coefficient in convergence mode; since this mode requires conservative control, it is usually taken as... and This ensures that even without deceleration suppression, the proportional effect is weaker than uniform drift.

[0034] In convergence mode, the peak of the deviation is about to appear, and the main function of the integral term is to eliminate the long-term accumulated steady-state error. However, if the integral is too strong at this time, it will make it difficult for the system to recover after crossing the zero point, resulting in a new reverse deviation. Therefore, the integral gain should be kept low and stable, and should not be too sensitive to the instantaneous deceleration intensity or directional consistency.

[0035] The calculation of the offset magnitude and residual cumulative sum within the moving window specifically includes: The average value of the progress residuals at each sampling time within the moving window is taken as the offset amplitude within the moving window; The progress residuals from the initial sampling time to the current sampling time are accumulated to obtain the cumulative residual sum at the current sampling time; The specific formula used is as follows: In the formula, This represents the offset within the moving window. This is the cumulative sum of residuals at the current sampling time. This is the index of the sampling time. For the first Progress residuals at each sampling time; It should be noted that the offset magnitude The arithmetic mean of the progress residuals within the moving window reflects the average deviation level in the current short term. The moving window average can filter out random fluctuations on a single day and more stably represent recent systematic deviations. Cumulative sum of residuals It reflects the total historical deviation.

[0036] Step 5: Based on the obtained dynamic compensation factor, adjust the remaining planned duration of each work package to obtain the adjusted duration of each work package.

[0037] The calculation of the dynamic compensation factor specifically includes: Determine the compensation state at the current sampling time, and determine the corresponding proportional gain and integral gain based on the compensation state; Calculate the product of the corresponding proportional gain and the absolute value of the offset amplitude within the moving window, and use the ratio of this product to the constant 100 as the first compensation term; Calculate the product of the absolute value of the cumulative sum of residuals and the integral gain, and use the ratio of this product to the constant 100 as the second compensation term; The first-order rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time is used as the input of the sign function, and the output of the sign function, the product of the first compensation term and the second compensation term, is used as the dynamic compensation factor at the current sampling time; the specific formula for calculating the dynamic compensation factor is as follows: In the formula, This is the dynamic compensation factor at the current sampling time. The proportional gain at the current sampling time. This is the integral gain at the current sampling time; It should be noted that, This represents a proportional term, directly proportional to the average offset within the moving window; in construction simulation, if the current actual progress is behind schedule... If the value is negative, the proportional term will be positive, and then multiplied by the negative value. After that, a negative result was obtained. This would extend the remaining construction period; in As an integral term, it is proportional to the historical cumulative deviation; even if the current deviation has been controlled to a very small extent by the proportional term, as long as the cumulative sum... If the sum is not zero, the integral term will continue to be adjusted until the cumulative sum returns to zero. Pure proportional control produces steady-state error when faced with persistent small deviations; the integral term can eliminate this steady-state error by accumulating historical errors.

[0038] The offset magnitude and the cumulative sum of residuals divided by 100 are used for normalization. The logic for revising the remaining planned duration of each work package is as follows: For any work package, determine its compensation status at the current sampling time and calculate the corresponding dynamic compensation factor. Based on the dynamic compensation factor and its planned duration, generate the revised duration for that work package, specifically expressed as follows: Calculate the difference between constant 1 and the dynamic compensation factor at the current sampling time of the work package, and multiply the difference by the planned duration of the work package as the corrected duration of the work package; The specific formula used is as follows: In the formula, The revised duration for the e-th work package, The planned duration for the e-th work package is... is the dynamic compensation factor at the current sampling time of the e-th work packet, where e is the index of the work packet.

[0039] It should be noted that the project duration is adjusted based on the ratio between the planned duration and the dynamic compensation factor. : A positive sign indicates a shortened construction period, requiring actual progress ahead of schedule or positive acceleration; otherwise, it indicates an extended construction period, requiring actual progress behind schedule or negative acceleration.

[0040] Please see Figure 2 The present invention also provides a BIM-based building construction simulation management system, which is used to execute the above-described BIM-based building construction simulation management method, including: The data sampling module is used to decompose the construction tasks in the building BIM model to be monitored into several work packages, set the planned duration and planned cumulative progress curve for each work package, and collect the actual cumulative progress of each work package in real time. The offset state judgment module is used to calculate the current progress residual and its first-order and second-order rates of change based on the actual cumulative progress and planned cumulative progress of each work package at the current sampling time, and to make a state judgment based on the sign and relative magnitude of the current progress residual and its first-order and second-order rates of change, and determine the current compensation state of each work package, which is random fluctuation mode, uniform drift mode, deterioration mode or convergence mode. The feature extraction module is used to extract no features and directly set the compensation factor to zero if the current compensation state is a random fluctuation mode; otherwise, it extracts the feature parameters of the corresponding state within the set moving window for the current compensation state. The compensation optimization module is used to dynamically calculate the proportional gain and integral gain within the moving window based on the current compensation status and extracted feature parameters, and to calculate the residual cumulative sum and the offset amplitude within the moving window. It also calculates the dynamic compensation factor for each work package by combining the proportional gain and integral gain. The schedule management module is used to adjust the remaining planned schedule of each work package based on the obtained dynamic compensation factor, and obtain the adjusted schedule of each work package.

[0041] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0042] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented in software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0043] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0044] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A BIM-based construction simulation management method, characterized by, The specific steps include: The construction tasks in the building BIM model to be monitored are decomposed into several work packages, and a planned duration and a planned cumulative progress curve are set for each work package. The actual cumulative progress of each work package is collected in real time. Based on the actual cumulative progress and planned cumulative progress of each work package at the current sampling time, calculate the current progress residual and its first and second rates of change, and make a state judgment based on the sign and relative magnitude of the current progress residual and its first and second rates of change to determine the current compensation state of each work package, which is random fluctuation mode, uniform drift mode, deterioration mode or convergence mode. If the current compensation state is a random fluctuation mode, no features are extracted and the compensation factor is directly set to zero; otherwise, the feature parameters of the corresponding state are extracted within the set moving window for the current compensation state. Based on the current compensation status and extracted feature parameters, the proportional gain and integral gain within the moving window are dynamically calculated, and the residual cumulative sum and offset amplitude within the moving window are calculated. The dynamic compensation factor for each work package is calculated by combining the proportional gain and integral gain. Based on the obtained dynamic compensation factor, the remaining planned duration of each work package is revised to obtain the revised duration of each work package. 2.The BIM-based construction simulation management method of claim 1, wherein: The work package includes the construction content, planned duration, and planned cumulative progress curve, and each work package is assigned a unique identifier. The planned cumulative progress curve is specifically obtained through the BIM model of the building to be monitored.

3. The BIM-based construction simulation management method of claim 2, wherein: For any work package, calculating its current schedule residual specifically includes: Obtain the actual cumulative progress and planned cumulative progress of the work package at the current sampling time, and use the difference between the actual cumulative progress and the planned cumulative progress as the current progress residual of the work package; Based on the current progress residual, calculate the first and second rates of change of the current progress residual. Specifically, the difference between the current progress residual and the progress residual at the previous sampling time is taken as the first rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time. The difference between the first-order rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time and the first-order rate of change of the progress residual at the previous sampling time is taken as the second-order rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time.

4. The BIM-based construction simulation management method of claim 2, wherein: The logic used to determine the current compensation status is as follows: If the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is not less than the second change threshold, and the current schedule residual and its second-order rate of change have the same sign, then the current compensation state is classified as the deterioration mode. If any of the conditions in the first judgment constraint are met, the current compensation state is classified as a convergence mode. The first judgment constraint includes: Condition 1: The absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is not less than the second change threshold, and the signs of the current schedule residual and its second-order rate of change are opposite. Condition 2: The absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is less than the second change threshold, and the absolute value of the first-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is not less than the first change threshold, and the signs of the current schedule residual and its second-order rate of change are opposite. If the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current progress residual is less than the second change threshold, and the absolute value of the first-order rate of change of the current progress residual is not less than the first change threshold, and the signs of the current progress residual and its second-order rate of change are the same, then the current compensation state is classified as uniform drift mode. If the absolute value of the first-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is less than the first change threshold, and the absolute value of the second-order rate of change of the current schedule residual is less than the second change threshold, then the current compensation state is classified as random fluctuation mode.

5. The BIM-based building construction simulation management method according to claim 4, characterized in that: For the current compensation state, feature parameters of the corresponding state within the moving window are extracted. The feature parameters include the duration factor, fluctuation consistency coefficient, trend strength, and trend decay rate. The width of the moving window is a preset fixed value, and the termination point of the moving window is the current sampling time. For the uniform drift mode, the duration factor and volatility consistency coefficient are extracted; for the deterioration mode, the trend strength and volatility consistency coefficient are extracted; for the convergence mode, the duration factor and trend decay rate are extracted. The duration factor is specifically expressed as follows: Determine the sampling time of the most recent compensation state change, calculate the time difference between the current sampling time and the sampling time of the most recent compensation state change, and record the ratio of this time difference to the width of the moving window as the first candidate factor. The duration factor is the minimum value between the first candidate factor and the constant 1. The calculation of the volatility consistency coefficient specifically includes: Determine the progress residual at each sampling time within the moving window, use the first rate of change of the current progress residual as the input of the sign function, multiply the output of the sign function by the progress residual at each sampling time within the moving window, use the product as the input of the indicator function, accumulate the output value of the indicator function, and record the ratio of the accumulated value to the total number of sampling times within the moving window as the fluctuation consistency coefficient. The logic for calculating trend strength is as follows: The slope of the progress residual at each sampling point within the moving window is determined, specifically through residual fitting. The standard deviation of the progress residual is calculated based on the slope. Then, the trend strength is calculated based on the standard deviation and the residual slope, specifically including: Take the absolute value of the slope of the progress residual within the moving window as the numerator, and the sum of the standard deviation of the progress residual within the moving window and the constant 0.01 as the denominator. The ratio of the numerator to the denominator is taken as the trend strength. The trend decay rate is specifically calculated using the first and second rates of change of the current progress residual. The calculation of the trend decay rate specifically includes: Take the absolute values ​​of the first and second rates of change of the current schedule residual, respectively, calculate the sum of the absolute value of the first rate of change of the current schedule residual and the constant 0.01, and take the ratio of the absolute value of the second rate of change of the current schedule residual to the sum as the trend decay rate.

6. The BIM-based building construction simulation management method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The logic underlying the dynamic calculation of the proportional gain and integral gain within the moving window is as follows: For the uniform drift mode, the proportional gain and integral gain are specifically expressed as follows: Calculate the product of the consistency optimization coefficient and the fluctuation consistency coefficient, add the consistency optimization coefficient to the product, and record the sum as the first gain proportional coefficient. Multiply the sum by the preset first proportional gain coefficient to obtain the proportional gain. The product of the preset first integral gain coefficient and the duration factor is denoted as the integral gain; For the degradation mode, the calculation of its proportional gain and integral gain is specifically expressed as follows: The product of the second proportional gain coefficient, the trend strength, and the first gain proportional coefficient is used as the proportional gain. Calculate the difference between constant 1 and the preset acceleration deterioration coefficient, and calculate the product of the difference and the fluctuation consistency coefficient. Calculate the sum of the product and the acceleration deterioration coefficient, and use the product of the sum and the duration factor and the second integral gain coefficient as the integral gain. For the convergence mode, the calculation of its proportional gain and integral gain is specifically expressed as follows: Take the sum of the trend decay rate and the constant 1, and take the reciprocal of the sum. Multiply the reciprocal, the third proportional gain coefficient, and the first gain proportional coefficient as the proportional gain. The product of the third integral gain coefficient and the duration factor is taken as the integral gain.

7. The BIM-based building construction simulation management method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation of the offset magnitude and residual cumulative sum within the moving window specifically includes: The average value of the progress residuals at each sampling time within the moving window is taken as the offset amplitude within the moving window; The progress residuals from the initial sampling time to the current sampling time are accumulated to obtain the cumulative residual sum at the current sampling time; The calculation of the dynamic compensation factor specifically includes: Determine the compensation state at the current sampling time, and determine the corresponding proportional gain and integral gain based on the compensation state; Calculate the product of the corresponding proportional gain and the absolute value of the offset amplitude within the moving window, and use the ratio of this product to the constant 100 as the first compensation term; Calculate the product of the absolute value of the cumulative sum of residuals and the integral gain, and use the ratio of this product to the constant 100 as the second compensation term; The first rate of change of the progress residual at the current sampling time is used as the input of the sign function, and the output of the sign function, the product of the first compensation term and the second compensation term are used as the dynamic compensation factor at the current sampling time. The logic for revising the remaining planned duration of each work package is as follows: For any work package, determine its compensation status at the current sampling time and calculate the corresponding dynamic compensation factor. Based on the dynamic compensation factor and its planned duration, generate the revised duration for that work package, specifically expressed as follows: Calculate the difference between constant 1 and the dynamic compensation factor at the current sampling time of the work package, and multiply the difference by the planned duration of the work package as the corrected duration of the work package.

8. A BIM-based building construction simulation management system, used to execute the BIM-based building construction simulation management method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The data sampling module is used to decompose the construction tasks in the building BIM model to be monitored into several work packages, set the planned duration and planned cumulative progress curve for each work package, and collect the actual cumulative progress of each work package in real time. The offset state judgment module is used to calculate the current progress residual and its first-order and second-order rates of change based on the actual cumulative progress and planned cumulative progress of each work package at the current sampling time, and to make a state judgment based on the sign and relative magnitude of the current progress residual and its first-order and second-order rates of change, and determine the current compensation state of each work package, which is random fluctuation mode, uniform drift mode, deterioration mode or convergence mode. The feature extraction module is used to extract no features and directly set the compensation factor to zero if the current compensation state is a random fluctuation mode; otherwise, it extracts the feature parameters of the corresponding state within the set moving window for the current compensation state. The compensation optimization module is used to dynamically calculate the proportional gain and integral gain within the moving window based on the current compensation status and extracted feature parameters, and to calculate the residual cumulative sum and the offset amplitude within the moving window. It also calculates the dynamic compensation factor for each work package by combining the proportional gain and integral gain. The schedule management module is used to adjust the remaining planned schedule of each work package based on the obtained dynamic compensation factor, and obtain the adjusted schedule of each work package.

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