Dry-type transformer with natural convection heat dissipation air duct structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a dry -type transformer with natural convection heat dissipation air duct structure relates to transformer heat dissipation technical field, dust collection box is inserted in the downside inside the base, and the side wall of base and the side wall of dust collection box are provided with the air inlet through -hole that penetrates, the side wall of the outer shell in the rectangular hole that is embedded and fixed on the bottom wall of shell is provided with the air outlet, and the air outlet is diagonally opposite with the air inlet through -hole and is arranged, dust removal mechanism sets up in the upside inside dust collection box, and dust removal mechanism is set up with the cooperation of filter board and is contacted, conversion mechanism sets up in the side wall of shell, and conversion mechanism is set up with the cooperation of air outlet, through the diagonal arrangement of air inlet and air outlet forms the through -type convection path, and the on -line cleaning of filter board is combined to dust removal mechanism, effectively prevents the air inlet block, guarantees the long -term unobstructed of natural convection heat dissipation channel, simultaneously, conversion mechanism can switch the exhaust mode according to temperature rise dynamic, and the low noise operation and the reinforced heat dissipation demand under high load are given full consideration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer heat dissipation technology, and specifically to a dry-type transformer with a natural convection heat dissipation duct structure. Background Technology

[0002] Dry-type transformers are widely used in high-rise buildings, subways, data centers, and other locations due to their advantages such as good fire resistance and maintenance-free operation. Their heat dissipation mainly relies on natural air convection or forced air cooling. Although natural convection cooling is energy-efficient and noiseless, it relies solely on the design of the ventilation holes and air ducts in the casing, resulting in weak airflow driving force. When the transformer operates under high load for extended periods, the temperature rise can easily exceed the insulation withstand level. Traditional dry-type transformers mostly use simple louvers or metal mesh for their casing ventilation structure. This type of structure has a short airflow path and easily forms vortex zones inside the tank, making it difficult to establish a directional cooling airflow that penetrates the core and high and low voltage windings, causing heat to accumulate at the top of the casing. At the same time, suspended fibers and dust in the air are drawn in by the natural wind and adhere to the ventilation holes or air duct inlets, accumulating and causing blockages over time, drastically reducing the ventilation area and further worsening the heat dissipation conditions.

[0003] Some solutions mitigate clogging by installing dust filters at the air inlet, but these filters are easily covered by dust, losing their breathability and heat dissipation capabilities, and lack online cleaning design; manual cleaning requires power outage and cabinet opening, leading to untimely maintenance and affecting power supply reliability. Furthermore, existing air duct structures are mostly fixed, unable to dynamically adjust airflow organization and effective exhaust channel area according to actual temperature rise, making it difficult to flexibly switch between quiet natural cooling under low load and forced high-efficiency cooling under high load. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies by providing a dry-type transformer with a reasonable design and convenient use, featuring a natural convection cooling duct structure. By arranging the inlet and outlet diagonally to form a through-flow convection path, combined with the online cleaning of the filter plates by the dust removal mechanism, air intake blockage is effectively prevented, ensuring the long-term unobstructed flow of the natural convection cooling channel. At the same time, the conversion mechanism can dynamically switch the exhaust mode according to the temperature rise, taking into account both low-noise operation and enhanced heat dissipation requirements under high load.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: it comprises a transformer body, a housing, and a base, wherein the transformer body is disposed within the housing, and the base is fixed to the outer bottom wall of the housing; it further comprises:

[0006] The dust collection box is inserted into the lower side of the base. The outer wall of one side of the dust collection box is set in the same plane as the side wall of the base. The other side wall of the dust collection box is set to abut against the inner wall of the base. The side wall of the base and the side wall of the dust collection box are provided with a through air inlet hole.

[0007] The filter plate is embedded and fixed in a rectangular hole on the bottom wall of the outer shell, and the bottom wall of the filter plate is set on the same plane as the bottom wall of the outer shell. An air outlet is provided in one side wall of the outer shell, and the air outlet and the air inlet are set at an oblique angle.

[0008] The dust removal mechanism is located on the upper side inside the dust collection box, and the dust removal mechanism is configured to cooperate with and abut against the filter plate.

[0009] The conversion mechanism is located inside the side wall of the housing and is configured to cooperate with the air outlet.

[0010] With the above technical solution, during normal use, natural air enters the housing through the air inlet, passing through the dust collection box and filter plate in sequence, and can dissipate heat from the transformer body inside the housing. Hot air is discharged through the air outlet. When the temperature inside the housing is high, the exhaust method is changed through the conversion mechanism to accelerate the airflow speed, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. During use, the bottom of the filter plate can be cleaned through the dust removal mechanism. The cleaned dust is collected in the dust collection box to prevent the filter plate from being blocked and unable to form natural airflow.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the dust removal mechanism includes:

[0012] The dust removal brush is located on the upper side inside the dust collection box. The dust removal brush abuts against the bottom wall of the filter plate. The front and rear ends of the dust removal brush are screwed with movable blocks through bearings. The movable blocks are slidably set in the sliding grooves on the front and rear inner walls of the dust collection box.

[0013] Two reciprocating lead screws are symmetrically connected to the front and rear side walls of the dust collection box via bearings. The reciprocating lead screws are screwed to the corresponding moving blocks via threads. The two reciprocating lead screws are connected to each other via a synchronous wheel transmission assembly. A dust removal motor is connected to one end of one of the reciprocating lead screws. The dust removal motor is fixed to the outer wall of one side of the dust collection box.

[0014] Two rotating gears are respectively sleeved and fixed on the shafts at both ends of the dust removal brush. The rotating gears are located on the upper side inside the corresponding moving block. A rack meshes on the upper side of the rotating gears. The rack is embedded and fixed on the inner top wall of both sides of the dust collection box.

[0015] With the above technical solution, the dust removal motor is started, which drives the reciprocating lead screw connected to it to rotate. This reciprocating lead screw drives another reciprocating lead screw to rotate through a synchronous wheel transmission assembly. The two reciprocating lead screws synchronously drive the moving blocks on their respective parts to move. The moving blocks drive the dust removal brush to move. During the movement of the dust removal brush, the rotating gear on the dust removal brush meshes with the rack, thereby causing the rotating gear to rotate. The rotating gear drives the dust removal brush to rotate. During the rotation, the dust removal brush cleans the bottom of the filter plate, thereby preventing the filter plate from becoming clogged.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, a pull rod is provided on one side of the dust collection box, and connecting blocks are fixed at both ends of the pull rod. One of the connecting blocks is sleeved on the outside of the dust removal motor, and both connecting blocks are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the dust collection box.

[0017] The above technical solution allows the connecting block fitted on the outside of the dust collector motor to protect the motor and increase its service life. In addition, the pull rod between the two connecting blocks makes it easy to pull the dust collection box outward.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the moving block is composed of a driving block and an insert block. The driving block is screwed to a reciprocating screw through a thread. The lower side of the insert block is movably inserted into the driving block. The insert block is connected to the shaft on the dust removal brush through a bearing. Guide grooves are provided on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the dust collection box. One side of the guide groove is inclined downward. The shafts at the front and rear ends of the dust removal brush are slidably arranged in the guide groove.

[0019] With the above technical solution, when the dust collection box needs to be pulled out from the base, and the dust removal brush moves to one side of the dust collection box under the drive of the reciprocating screw, the dust removal brush moves down along the downward inclined end of the guide groove into the dust collection box. At this time, the insert block moves down into the drive block, so as not to affect the up and down movement of the dust removal brush. This avoids the dust removal brush hitting the bottom wall of the outer shell and causing dust to splash when the dust collection box is pulled out to the outside.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, a sealing plate is screwed into the air inlet hole on the side wall of the dust collection box via a shaft. One end of the shaft is connected to the inner wall of the dust collection box via a torsion spring. A push plate abuts against one side of the sealing plate and the push plate is fixed on the inner wall of one side of the base.

[0021] With the above technical solution, after the dust collection box is inserted into the base, the push plate abuts against the sealing plate, which opens the air inlet hole on the side wall of the dust collection box, thus not affecting the entry of air. When the dust collection box needs to be pulled out, the torsion spring on the shaft of the sealing plate can drive the sealing plate to rotate until it abuts against the inclined wall of the inner wall of the air inlet hole, thereby achieving the sealing effect.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the conversion mechanism includes:

[0023] The exhaust fan consists of several fans arranged in a matrix and fixed inside the top wall of the housing. The exhaust fan is connected to a temperature sensor fixed on the inner wall of the housing via a controller.

[0024] The sealing plate consists of several sealing plates, which are equidistantly arranged from top to bottom inside the air outlet. The sealing plates are arranged in abutting position. A rotating shaft is inserted and fixed inside the sealing plate. The front and rear ends of the rotating shaft are respectively screwed into the outer shell through bearings.

[0025] The drive rod is screwed into the inside of the housing via bearings. The drive rod is connected to several rotating shafts through several worm gear pairs. A conversion motor is fixed at the top of the drive rod. The conversion motor is embedded and fixed in the top wall of the housing. The conversion motor is connected to a temperature sensor through a controller.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, the temperature sensor inside the casing monitors the heat inside the casing. When the temperature is high, the temperature sensor transmits a signal to the corresponding controller. The controller starts the exhaust fan and the conversion motor. The exhaust fan draws in outside air quickly into the casing and then exhausts it through the top of the exhaust fan. The conversion motor drives the drive rod to rotate. The drive rod drives several rotating shafts to rotate through a worm gear pair. The rotating shafts drive the sealing plates to rotate, causing two adjacent sealing plates to abut against each other, thereby blocking the air outlet and preventing outside air from directly entering the casing from the air outlet, thus achieving the effect of heat dissipation for the transformer body.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, sealing strips are fixed on both the upper and lower side walls of the air outlet, and the sealing strips are configured to cooperate and abut against the adjacent sealing plates; the upper and lower sides of the air outlet can be sealed by the sealing strips to improve the sealing effect.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present invention, several heat exchange fins are fixedly arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom inside the outer shell. The heat exchange fins are sleeved and fixed on the outside of the transformer body. Several ventilation holes are arranged at equal intervals on the four sides of the heat exchange fins, and the inner diameter of the ventilation holes gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, the heat on the transformer body is exchanged with the heat exchange fins, and the air entering the outer casing also exchanges heat with the heat exchange fins. The conical ventilation holes can increase the contact time between the cold air and the heat exchange fins, thus improving the heat exchange effect.

[0030] As a further improvement of the present invention, the transformer body is symmetrically fixed with support rods on the bottom wall, and the two ends of the support rods are respectively fixed to the inner walls on the left and right sides of the outer shell. Several semiconductor cooling chips are equidistantly arranged between the support rods and the filter plate. The upper side of the semiconductor cooling chips is movably inserted into the grooves on the bottom wall of the support rods, and the lower side of the semiconductor cooling chips is in contact with the filter plate.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, the support rod can support the transformer body, so that there is a large gap between the transformer body and the filter plate, reducing the clogging of the filter holes on the filter plate. At the same time, when the temperature of the transformer body is high, the semiconductor cooling chip can be activated to cool the incoming air, thereby achieving better heat exchange.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. The dust removal motor drives the reciprocating screw to move the moving block and dust removal brush horizontally. At the same time, the rack drives the rotating gear to make the dust removal brush rotate, which efficiently cleans the bottom of the filter plate, prevents the filter holes from clogging, and ensures smooth natural airflow.

[0034] 2. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature inside the casing is too high, the controller starts the exhaust fan to force heat out. At the same time, the switching motor drives the sealing plate to rotate and close the air outlet to prevent hot air from flowing back, thus realizing the automatic switching between natural heat dissipation and forced air cooling.

[0035] 3. The transformer body is fitted with multiple layers of heat exchange fins to expand the heat dissipation area, and the air extends the heat exchange path through the ventilation holes; when the temperature is too high, the semiconductor cooling chip is activated to pre-cool the incoming air and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0036] 4. When the dust collection box is inserted into the base, the push plate opens the sealing plate to open the air inlet; when pulled out, the torsion spring drives the sealing plate to close automatically to prevent dust from overflowing. The dust removal brush can sink along the guide groove when moved to the end to avoid scraping the filter plate when pulled out. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the dust removal mechanism, dust collection box, and base in this invention.

[0040] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A.

[0041] Figure 5This is an exploded view of the structure of the drive block, insert block, rotating gear, and rack in this invention.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the base and dust collection box in this invention.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate, rotating shaft, and drive rod in this invention.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchange fins in this invention.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] 1. Transformer body; 2. Outer shell; 2-1. Air outlet; 3. Base; 4. Dust collection box; 4-1. Guide groove; 5. Air inlet hole; 6. Filter plate; 7. Dust removal mechanism; 7-1. Dust removal brush; 7-2. Moving block; 7-2-1. Drive block; 7-2-2. Insertion block; 7-2-2. Reciprocating screw; 7-3. Dust removal motor; 7-4. Rotating gear; 7-5. Rack; 7-6. Conversion mechanism; 8. Exhaust fan; 8-1. Temperature sensor; 8-2. Sealing plate; 8-3. Rotating shaft; 8-4. Drive rod; 8-5. Conversion motor; 8-6. Pull rod; 9. Connecting block; 10. Sealing plate; 11. Push plate; 12. Sealing strip; 13. Heat exchange fins; 14. Ventilation hole; 14-1. Support rod; 15. Semiconductor cooling chip; 16. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments described are only examples. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] like Figures 1-8 As shown, this embodiment includes a transformer body 1, a casing 2, and a base 3. The transformer body 1 is disposed inside the casing 2. The base 3 is welded and fixed to the outer bottom wall of the casing 2. Several heat exchange fins 14 are evenly spaced from top to bottom inside the casing 2 and fixed by bolts. The heat exchange fins 14 are sleeved and fixed to the outside of the transformer body 1. Several ventilation holes 14-1 are evenly spaced on the four periphery of the heat exchange fins 14. The inner diameter of the ventilation holes 14-1 gradually increases from top to bottom. The conical ventilation holes 14-1 can increase the contact time between cold air and the heat exchange fins 14, thereby improving the heat exchange effect. It also includes:

[0050] The dust collection box 4 is inserted into the lower side of the base 3. The outer wall of the left side of the dust collection box 4 is set in the same plane as the side wall of the base 3. The right side wall of the dust collection box 4 is set to abut against the inner wall of the base 3. The side wall of the base 3 and the right side wall of the dust collection box 4 are provided with a through air inlet hole 5. A sealing plate 11 is screwed into the air inlet hole 5 on the side wall of the dust collection box 4 through a shaft. The front end of the shaft is connected to the inner wall of the dust collection box 4 through a torsion spring. The right side of the sealing plate 11 abuts against a push plate 12. The push plate 12 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the right side of the base 3.

[0051] The filter plate 6 is embedded and welded to a rectangular hole on the bottom wall of the outer casing 2, and the bottom wall of the filter plate 6 is set on the same plane as the bottom wall of the outer casing 2. An air outlet 2-1 is opened in the left side wall of the outer casing 2, and the air outlet 2-1 is diagonally opposite to the air inlet 5. Support rods 15 are symmetrically fixed on the bottom wall of the transformer body 1. The two ends of the support rods 15 are welded to the inner walls of the left and right sides of the outer casing 2, so that there is a large gap between the transformer body 1 and the filter plate 6, reducing the blockage of the filter holes on the filter plate 6. Several semiconductor cooling chips 16 are equidistantly arranged between the support rods 15 and the filter plate 6. The upper side of the semiconductor cooling chips 16 is movably inserted into the groove on the bottom wall of the support rods 15, and the lower side of the semiconductor cooling chips 16 is in contact with the filter plate 6. The semiconductor cooling chips 16 cool the incoming air.

[0052] The dust removal mechanism 7 is located on the upper side inside the dust collection box 4, and the dust removal mechanism 7 is arranged in conjunction with the filter plate 6.

[0053] The conversion mechanism 8 is disposed inside the side wall of the outer casing 2 and is configured to cooperate with the air outlet 2-1.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] See Figure 2-5 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the dust removal mechanism 7 includes:

[0056] Dust removal brush 7-1 is located on the upper side inside the dust collection box 4. The dust removal brush 7-1 abuts against the bottom wall of the filter plate 6. The front and rear ends of the dust removal brush 7-1 are screwed with moving blocks 7-2 through bearings. The moving blocks 7-2 are slidably arranged in the sliding grooves on the front and rear inner walls of the dust collection box 4.

[0057] Two reciprocating lead screws 7-3 are symmetrically connected to the front and rear side walls of the dust collection box 4 via bearings. The reciprocating lead screws 7-3 are threaded to the corresponding moving blocks 7-2. The two reciprocating lead screws 7-3 are connected to each other via a synchronous pulley transmission assembly. A dust removal motor 7-4 is connected to one end of the rear reciprocating lead screw 7-3. The dust removal motor 7-4 is fixed to the outer wall of the left side of the dust collection box 4 by bolts.

[0058] The movable block 7-2 consists of a drive block 7-2-1 and an insert block 7-2-2. The drive block 7-2-1 is screwed to the reciprocating screw 7-3 via a thread. The lower side of the insert block 7-2-2 is movably inserted into the drive block 7-2-1. The insert block 7-2-2 is connected to the shaft on the dust removal brush 7-1 via a bearing. Guide grooves 4-1 are provided on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the dust collection box 4. One side of the guide groove 4-1 is inclined downward. The shafts at both ends of the dust removal brush 7-1 are slidably disposed in the guide groove 4-1 to prevent the dust removal brush 7-1 from hitting the bottom wall of the outer shell 2 and causing dust to splash when the dust collection box 4 is pulled outward.

[0059] A pull rod 9 is provided on the left side of the dust collection box 4. Connecting blocks 10 are welded and fixed at both ends of the pull rod 9. The rear connecting block 10 is sleeved on the outside of the dust removal motor 7-4, and both connecting blocks 10 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the dust collection box 4 by bolts. The connecting block 10 sleeved on the outside of the dust removal motor 7-4 can protect the dust removal motor 7-4 and increase the service life of the dust removal motor 7-4. The pull rod 9 is provided between the two connecting blocks 10, which makes it easy to pull the dust collection box 4 outward.

[0060] Two rotating gears 7-5 are respectively sleeved and welded to the shafts at both ends of the dust removal brush 7-1. The rotating gears 7-5 are located on the upper side inside the corresponding moving block 7-2. A rack 7-6 meshes with the upper side of the rotating gears 7-5. The rack 7-6 is embedded and welded to the inner top wall of both sides of the dust collection box 4.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] See Figure 1-2 , Figure 7 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the conversion mechanism 8 includes:

[0063] The exhaust fan 8-1 consists of several fans arranged in a matrix and fixed inside the top wall of the outer casing 2. The exhaust fan 8-1 is connected to the temperature sensor 8-2 fixed on the inner wall of the outer casing 2 via a controller.

[0064] Several sealing plates 8-3 are equidistantly arranged from top to bottom within the air outlet 2-1, and are designed to abut against each other. A rotating shaft 8-4 is inserted and fixed within each sealing plate 8-3, and the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft 8-4 are respectively screwed into the outer casing 2 via bearings. Sealing strips 13 are welded and fixed to the upper and lower side walls of the air outlet 2-1, and the sealing strips 13 are designed to abut against the adjacent sealing plates 8-3. The sealing strips 13 can be used to seal the upper and lower sides of the air outlet 2-1, thereby improving the sealing effect.

[0065] The drive rod 8-5 is screwed into the inside of the outer shell 2 via bearings. The drive rod 8-5 is connected to several rotating shafts 8-4 through several worm gear pairs. A conversion motor 8-6 is fixed on the top of the drive rod 8-5. The conversion motor 8-6 is embedded in the top wall of the outer shell 2 and fixed with bolts. The conversion motor 8-6 is connected to the temperature sensor 8-2 through a controller.

[0066] When using this invention, under normal use, external natural wind enters the dust collection box 4 through the air inlet 5 on the side wall of the base 3, passes through the filter plate 6 and enters the interior of the outer shell 2 to dissipate heat from the transformer body 1. The hot air is discharged through the air outlet 2-1 at the diagonal corner of the side wall of the outer shell 2.

[0067] During the heat dissipation process, the dust removal motor 7-4 starts, driving the reciprocating screw 7-3 to rotate, which in turn drives the moving block 7-2 and the dust removal brush 7-1 to move back and forth along the bottom wall of the filter plate 6. At the same time, the rotating gear 7-5 on the shaft of the dust removal brush 7-1 meshes with the rack 7-6, causing the dust removal brush 7-1 to rotate during the movement, continuously cleaning the dust accumulated at the bottom of the filter plate 6. The cleaned dust falls into the dust collection box 4, preventing the filter plate 6 from being blocked and affecting natural ventilation.

[0068] When the temperature sensor 8-2 inside the outer casing 2 detects that the internal temperature is too high, the controller starts the exhaust fan 8-1 and the conversion motor 8-6. The conversion motor 8-6 drives each rotating shaft 8-4 to rotate through the drive rod 8-5 and the worm gear pair, causing the sealing plate 8-3 to rotate to a mutually abutting state, completely sealing the air outlet 2-1. At the same time, the exhaust fan 8-1 draws air upward from the top of the outer casing 2, forcing the outside air to quickly enter the outer casing 2 through the air inlet 5, dust collection box 4, and filter plate 6. After flowing through the transformer body 1 and heat exchange fins 14, it is discharged from the top, forming forced convection heat dissipation, which significantly improves the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0069] The heat exchange fins 14 on the outside of the transformer body 1 accelerate heat conduction, and the conical ventilation holes 14-1 on the fins prolong the air contact time and enhance the heat exchange effect. The semiconductor cooling chip 16 between the support rod 15 at the bottom of the transformer body 1 and the filter plate 6 can be activated at high temperature to pre-cool the incoming air and further improve the heat dissipation performance.

[0070] The cleaned dust collection box 4 can be periodically removed for cleaning: When removed, the dust removal brush 7-1 moves to one side of the dust collection box 4 under the drive of the reciprocating screw 7-3, and slides downward into the dust collection box 4 along the guide groove 4-1. At the same time, the insert block 7-2-2 retracts into the drive block 7-2-1 to prevent the dust removal brush 7-1 from scraping the bottom wall of the outer shell 2 and causing dust to splash when removed. The sealing plate 11 on the side wall of the dust collection box 4 is automatically closed by the torsion spring when removed to prevent dust from leaking out.

[0071] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this specific embodiment are as follows:

[0072] 1. While the dust removal brush 7-1 moves horizontally under the drive of the reciprocating screw 7-3, it rotates through the meshing of the rack 7-6 and the rotating gear 7-5, forming a compound motion of planar movement and rotation. This can more thoroughly remove the dust accumulated at the bottom of the filter plate 6 and effectively maintain the continuous unobstructed airflow in the air intake channel.

[0073] 2. Based on the monitored real-time temperature, the system can automatically switch between natural convection and forced air cooling. When the temperature rises, the exhaust fan 8-1 will be started simultaneously and the original air outlet 2-1 will be closed to prevent hot air backflow and keep the internal thermal environment under control.

[0074] 3. The heat from the transformer is first diffused through the multi-layer heat exchange fins 14, and the external air then extends the heat exchange path through the variable diameter ventilation holes 14-1 to form primary heat dissipation; when the temperature is high, the semiconductor cooling chip 16 can be activated to pre-lower the temperature of the incoming air, further enhancing the overall heat exchange capacity.

[0075] 4. When the dust collection box 4 is pushed in, the air inlet automatically opens to guide the airflow. When it is pulled out, the opening closes with the help of the torsion spring to prevent dust from leaking out. At the same time, the dust removal brush 7-1 can be sunk into the guide groove 4-1 at both ends to avoid scraping the filter plate 6 during the pulling process, making daily maintenance more convenient and cleaner.

[0076] For those skilled in the art, modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, and equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A dry-type transformer with a natural convection cooling duct structure, comprising a transformer body (1), a casing (2), and a base (3), wherein the transformer body (1) is disposed inside the casing (2), and the base (3) is fixed on the outer bottom wall of the casing (2); characterized in that, It also includes: Dust collection box (4) is inserted into the lower side of the base (3). The outer wall of one side of the dust collection box (4) is set in the same plane as the side wall of the base (3). The other side wall of the dust collection box (4) is set in contact with the inner wall of the base (3). The side wall of the base (3) and the side wall of the dust collection box (4) are provided with a through air inlet hole (5). The filter plate (6) is embedded and fixed in a rectangular hole on the bottom wall of the outer shell (2), and the bottom wall of the filter plate (6) is set in the same plane as the bottom wall of the outer shell (2). An air outlet (2-1) is provided in one side wall of the outer shell (2), and the air outlet (2-1) is diagonally opposite to the air inlet (5). The dust removal mechanism (7) is located on the upper side inside the dust collection box (4), and the dust removal mechanism (7) is arranged in conjunction with the filter plate (6); The conversion mechanism (8) is located inside the side wall of the outer shell (2) and is configured in conjunction with the air outlet (2-1).

2. A dry-type transformer with a natural convection heat dissipation duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal mechanism (7) includes: Dust removal brush (7-1) is located on the upper side inside the dust collection box (4). The dust removal brush (7-1) abuts against the bottom wall of the filter plate (6). The front and rear ends of the dust removal brush (7-1) are screwed with moving blocks (7-2) through bearings. The moving blocks (7-2) are slidably set in the sliding grooves on the front and rear inner walls of the dust collection box (4). Two reciprocating lead screws (7-3) are symmetrically connected to the front and rear side walls of the dust collection box (4) via bearings. The reciprocating lead screws (7-3) are screwed to the corresponding moving blocks (7-2) via threads. The two reciprocating lead screws (7-3) are connected to each other via a synchronous wheel transmission assembly. One end of one of the reciprocating lead screws (7-3) is connected to a dust removal motor (7-4). The dust removal motor (7-4) is fixed on the outer wall of one side of the dust collection box (4). Two rotating gears (7-5) are respectively fitted and fixed on the shafts at both ends of the dust removal brush (7-1). The rotating gears (7-5) are located on the upper side inside the corresponding moving block (7-2). A rack (7-6) meshes with the upper side of the rotating gears (7-5). The rack (7-6) is embedded and fixed on the inner top wall of both sides of the dust collection box (4).

3. A dry-type transformer with a natural convection cooling duct structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pull rod (9) is provided on one side of the dust collection box (4). Both ends of the pull rod (9) are fixed with connecting blocks (10). One of the connecting blocks (10) is sleeved on the outside of the dust removal motor (7-4), and both connecting blocks (10) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the dust collection box (4).

4. A dry-type transformer with a natural convection cooling duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable block (7-2) consists of a drive block (7-2-1) and an insert block (7-2-2). The drive block (7-2-1) is screwed to the reciprocating screw (7-3) via a thread. The lower side of the insert block (7-2-2) is movably inserted into the drive block (7-2-1). The insert block (7-2-2) is connected to the shaft on the dust removal brush (7-1) via a bearing. Guide grooves (4-1) are provided on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the dust collection box (4). One side of the guide groove (4-1) is inclined downward. The shafts at both ends of the dust removal brush (7-1) are slidably arranged in the guide groove (4-1).

5. A dry-type transformer with a natural convection cooling duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing plate (11) is screwed into the air inlet hole (5) on the side wall of the dust collection box (4) via a shaft. One end of the shaft is connected to the inner wall of the dust collection box (4) via a torsion spring. A push plate (12) abuts against one side of the sealing plate (11). The push plate (12) is fixed on the inner wall of one side of the base (3).

6. A dry-type transformer with a natural convection cooling duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conversion mechanism (8) includes: The exhaust fan (8-1) consists of several fans, which are embedded and fixed in a matrix inside the top wall of the outer shell (2). The exhaust fan (8-1) is connected to the temperature sensor (8-2) fixed on the inner wall of the outer shell (2) through a controller. The sealing plate (8-3) consists of several sealing plates (8-3), which are equidistantly arranged from top to bottom inside the air outlet (2-1). The several sealing plates (8-3) are arranged in abutment with each other. A rotating shaft (8-4) is inserted and fixed inside the sealing plate (8-3). The front and rear ends of the rotating shaft (8-4) are respectively screwed into the outer shell (2) through bearings. The drive rod (8-5) is screwed into the inside of the outer shell (2) through a bearing. The drive rod (8-5) is connected to several rotating shafts (8-4) through several worm gear pairs. A conversion motor (8-6) is fixed on the top of the drive rod (8-5). The conversion motor (8-6) is embedded and fixed in the top wall of the outer shell (2). The conversion motor (8-6) is connected to the temperature sensor (8-2) through a controller.

7. A dry-type transformer with a natural convection cooling duct structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Sealing strips (13) are fixed on both the upper and lower side walls of the air outlet (2-1), and the sealing strips (13) are set to cooperate with the adjacent sealing plate (8-3) to abut against each other.

8. A dry-type transformer with a natural convection cooling duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell (2) has several heat exchange fins (14) fixedly arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom. The heat exchange fins (14) are sleeved and fixed on the outside of the transformer body (1). Several ventilation holes (14-1) are arranged at equal intervals on the four sides of the heat exchange fins (14). The inner diameter of the ventilation holes gradually increases from top to bottom.

9. A dry-type transformer with a natural convection cooling duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transformer body (1) is symmetrically fixed with support rods (15) on the bottom wall. The two ends of the support rods (15) are fixed on the inner walls of the left and right sides of the outer shell (2). Several semiconductor cooling chips (16) are equidistantly arranged between the support rods (15) and the filter plate (6). The upper side of the semiconductor cooling chips (16) is movably inserted into the groove on the bottom wall of the support rods (15), and the lower side of the semiconductor cooling chips (16) is in contact with the filter plate (6).

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