Outdoor transformer with protection function

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of outdoor transformer, and the outdoor transformer with protection function, which comprises an oil tank, the upper surface of the oil tank is fixedly connected with a low-voltage bushing and a high-voltage bushing for connecting cables, the upper surface of the oil tank is fixedly connected with an oil level gauge for detecting the oil level in the oil tank, the detection end of the oil level gauge is located in the oil tank, a pressure relief type oil level gauge is adopted, the lower surface of the oil tank is fixedly connected with a base, the end of the oil level gauge away from the oil tank is provided with a protection device for protecting the pressure relief port of the oil level gauge, the protection device comprises a T-shaped sleeve installed on the upper end of the oil level gauge, and the upper surface of the T-shaped sleeve is fixedly connected with a protection cylinder for shielding splashed cooling oil. The outdoor transformer with protection function solves the core pain point that the pressure relief structure of the outdoor oil level gauge is easy to be stuck and fail, and takes into account the environmental protection and operation safety, thereby greatly reducing the operation and maintenance frequency and safety risk of the outdoor oil-immersed equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transformer technology, and specifically relates to an outdoor transformer with protective functions. Background Technology

[0002] Transformers are core static electrical devices in power systems that utilize the principle of electromagnetic induction to achieve AC voltage transformation, current transformation, and impedance matching. They are key infrastructure for ensuring efficient power transmission, safe distribution, and reliable use of electrical energy. They are widely used in all aspects of power generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption, and are an indispensable core equipment in the modern power industry. According to their uses, they can be divided into distribution transformers, power transformers, fully sealed transformers, combined transformers, dry-type transformers, oil-immersed transformers, etc.

[0003] Most existing outdoor power transformers are oil-immersed transformers, equipped with pressure relief oil level gauges to release internal pressure. To ensure pressure relief and flow capacity in case of faults, their pressure relief ports are generally designed to be directly exposed to the outdoor atmosphere without protection. Environmental debris such as wind, sand, rainwater, willow catkins, and dust can easily enter the valve core and spring movement gap of the pressure relief structure through the exposed pressure relief port. After mixing with the small amount of transformer oil that seeps out during normal operation of the oil level gauge, they gradually form viscous sludge clumps, which in turn cause the pressure relief valve core and reset spring to rust and become stuck, making it impossible to open and relieve pressure normally when there is overpressure inside the transformer. Ultimately, this can easily lead to safety accidents such as overpressure rupture of the oil tank, oil leakage and fire. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an outdoor transformer with a simple structure and reasonable design that has protective functions in order to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: An outdoor transformer with protective functions includes an oil tank, in which a coil winding is integrated. A low-voltage bushing and a high-voltage bushing for connecting cables are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the oil tank. Both the low-voltage and high-voltage bushings are fixedly connected to the coil winding. An oil level gauge for detecting the oil level inside the tank is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the oil tank. The detection end of the oil level gauge is located inside the oil tank and is a pressure-relief type oil level gauge. When the cooling oil in the tank expands in volume due to temperature increase, causing the internal pressure to exceed a preset threshold, the oil level gauge automatically detects the pressure. Excess oil is drained to effectively release internal pressure in the oil tank, preventing malfunctions such as seal failure and oil spraying caused by excessive pressure. A base is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the oil tank. A protective device is provided at the end of the oil level gauge away from the oil tank to protect the pressure relief port of the oil level gauge. The protective device includes a T-shaped sleeve installed on the upper end of the oil level gauge. A protective cylinder for shielding splashed cooling oil is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the T-shaped sleeve. The inner wall of the protective cylinder is provided with continuous spiral guide ribs to guide the high-speed oil-gas mixture ejected from the oil level gauge. A collector is fixedly connected to the edge of the T-shaped sleeve, and a guide hole is provided on the edge of the T-shaped sleeve. The collector communicates with the protective cylinder through the guide hole. The cooperation of the collector, the T-shaped sleeve, and the protective cylinder can collect the cooling oil discharged from the oil level gauge. A square hole is provided on the side of the T-shaped sleeve away from the collector, and a locking component for fixing the T-shaped sleeve to the oil level gauge is provided in the square hole. An oil pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the collector. A cover plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the protective cylinder, and the cover plate can cover the top of the protective cylinder. The cover plate is designed to block and reduce the probability of cooling oil splashing out from inside the protective cylinder. A three-way connector is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cover plate. A gas sensor is fixedly connected inside the three-way connector. A filter screen is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the three-way connector. A protective cover is fixedly connected to the surface of the filter screen. Through the cooperation of the protective cover and the filter screen, the top opening of the three-way connector can be blocked and protected while ensuring that the three-way connector can communicate with the outside. A central fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective cover. A centrifugal impeller is rotatably connected to the central fixed shaft.

[0006] As a further optimization of the present invention, the locking assembly includes a top frame slidably installed inside a T-shaped sleeve. A damping plate is fixedly connected to the side of the top frame near the oil level gauge. A square frame is provided on one side of the T-shaped sleeve located on the top frame. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to both sides of the square frame. A limit frame is rotatably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft. The limit frame is movably abutted against the end of the top frame away from the damping plate. A support plate is fixedly connected inside the square frame of the T-shaped sleeve. A spring is fixedly connected between the support plate and the top frame. Under the support of the support plate, the spring can apply its own preload to the top frame, so that the top frame is subjected to force in the horizontal direction, further increasing the stability of the top frame when constrained by the limit frame.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present invention, a rubber ring is fixedly connected inside the T-shaped sleeve, and the rubber ring is sealed to the surface of the oil level gauge to increase the sealing effect between the T-shaped sleeve and the oil level gauge. The collector is a semi-annular groove structure with an inclined guide surface at the bottom of the groove. The lowest point of the guide surface is provided with an oil drain hole connected to the oil pipe. The surface of the cover plate is provided with a circular hole connecting the tee joint and the protective cylinder. The gas sensor is a two-in-one monitoring module integrating a temperature-compensated electrochemical hydrogen sensor and a photoelectric gas sensor, used to simultaneously monitor the fault gas and oil fume aerosol generated by transformer oil cracking. The centrifugal impeller is located inside the tee joint, and there is a gap between it and the tee joint for gas flow.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the top frame has a rounded corner at one end away from the oil level gauge, the damping plate is slidably connected to the square hole and penetrates the inner circumferential arc surface of the T-shaped sleeve, the surface of the oil level gauge has a square groove, and both the damping plate and the top frame are inserted into the inner wall of the square groove. The upper inner side of the limiting frame has a rounded corner, which can cooperate with the rounded corner of the top frame, so that the limiting frame can push the top frame in the unfolded state into the square hole during rotation. The support plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the top frame, and there are two springs, which are symmetrically arranged about the vertical axis of the support plate.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, a collection device for collecting cooling oil discharged from the oil level gauge is provided on one side of the oil tank. The collection device includes a storage tank fixed to the side of the oil tank. The output end of the first oil pipe is fixedly connected to the interface of the storage tank. A filter assembly for filtering backflow cooling oil is provided on the lower surface of the storage tank. A baffle is sealed and fixed on the side of the storage tank away from the first oil pipe. Two vertically distributed mounting holes are opened on the surface of the baffle. A proximity switch one and a proximity switch two are respectively sealed and fixed in the two mounting holes. A bracket is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle located in the storage tank. A slide is slidably connected to the bracket. A float is fixedly connected to the slide. A shielding box is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle away from the storage tank. An oil pump for drawing cooling oil from inside the storage tank is fixedly connected to the shielding box. An oil pipe two is fixedly connected between the oil pump and the filter assembly. An oil pipe three is fixedly connected between the oil pump and the oil tank.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the filter assembly includes a housing and a limiting ring fixedly connected to the lower surface of the storage tank. An end cap is fixedly connected to the lower end of the housing, and a filter element is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the end cap. The filter element is sealed and fitted on the limiting ring. The cooperation between the end cap and the limiting ring can support and fix the positions of the upper and lower ends of the filter element, thereby ensuring the stability of the filter element. A through hole communicating with the oil pipe is opened on the surface of the housing.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the storage tank is connected to the collector via oil pipe one, the oil pump is connected to the oil tank via oil pipe three, both proximity switches one and two penetrate the baffle, and the detection ends of both proximity switches one and two are located inside the storage tank. The drive unit of the oil pump is installed inside a shielded box, which can protect the drive unit of the oil pump and prevent the oil pump from malfunctioning due to interference from the strong magnetic field of the transformer. The limiting ring is connected to the inner cavity of the storage tank, and the filter element is located inside the outer shell. The filter element can filter the cooling oil entering the through hole, thereby improving the quality of the return cooling oil.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the surface of the storage box is provided with a power supply device for providing working power. The power supply device includes two support frames fixed on the surface of the storage box as a support structure. A shaft is rotatably connected between the two support frames. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the shaft. A photovoltaic panel for converting sunlight into electrical energy is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting plate away from the shaft. An energy storage module is integrated on the photovoltaic panel. A guide post is fixedly connected to the side surface of the connecting plate. A nut is threadedly connected to the surface of the guide post. An arc-shaped guide hole is opened on the surface of the support frame. The guide post is slidably connected to the guide hole. The guide post passes through the support frame through the guide hole. The nut abuts tightly against the surface of the support frame.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Because the oil level gauge is equipped with a protective device to protect its pressure relief structure, the protective device can physically isolate the pressure relief structure of the oil level gauge from harsh outdoor environments such as wind, sand, dust, and rain, preventing debris from entering the moving gaps of the pressure relief structure and avoiding valve core and spring jamming caused by oil and dust mixing and clumping. This ensures that the pressure relief structure can stably and reliably perform pressure relief actions. At the same time, the protective device has a built-in flow guiding and collection structure, which can completely shield and collect the cooling oil discharged during the pressure relief process. This not only prevents cooling oil from splashing and polluting the environment and corroding the equipment shell, but also eliminates the fire hazard caused by oil accumulation. This design solves the core problem of easy jamming failure of outdoor oil level gauge pressure relief structures, while taking into account environmental protection and operational safety, and significantly reduces the frequency of maintenance and safety risks of outdoor oil-immersed equipment.

[0014] 2. Because the oil tank is equipped with a collection device to receive the protective device, the cooling oil discharged by the protective device is temporarily stored in an independent storage tank, preventing the cooling oil from leaking and polluting the environment and corroding the equipment. When the cooling oil temporarily stored in the storage tank reaches the preset oil level threshold, the device will automatically start the oil pump to accurately pump the cooling oil in the storage tank back to the oil tank, realizing the recycling of cooling oil and the dynamic automatic maintenance of the oil level in the tank. This avoids failures such as interruption of cooling oil circulation, reduced heat dissipation capacity, and cooling failure caused by insufficient oil level, and greatly reduces the frequency of manual inspection and oil replenishment of the equipment. It is especially suitable for outdoor unattended oil-immersed equipment operation scenarios, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cooling system while improving the operation and maintenance efficiency and operational safety of the equipment.

[0015] 3. Since the collection device is equipped with a power supply unit, it can provide independent working power for the gas sensor, proximity switch one, proximity switch two and oil pump, without the need for external mains power, making it suitable for remote outdoor installation scenarios without power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Rear view diagram; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the storage box and the support frame of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the T-shaped sleeve and the top frame of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the collector of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the top frame and the damping plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the three-way connector and the filter screen of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the collection device of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter component of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the baffle and the bracket of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply device of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Oil tank; 2. Low-pressure bushing; 3. High-pressure bushing; 4. Oil level gauge; 5. Base; 6. Protective device; 61. T-sleeve; 62. Protective cylinder; 63. Collector; 64. Locking assembly; 641. Top frame; 642. Damping plate; 643. Rotating shaft; 644. Limiting frame; 645. Support plate; 646. Spring; 65. Oil pipe one; 66. Cover plate; 67. T-joint; 68. Gas sensor; 69. Filter screen; 610. Protective cover; 611. Central fixed shaft; 612. Centrifugal impeller; 7. Collector Device; 71. Storage tank; 72. Filter assembly; 721. Housing; 722. Limiting ring; 723. End cap; 724. Filter element; 725. Through hole; 73. Baffle; 74. Proximity switch one; 75. Proximity switch two; 76. Bracket; 77. Slide carriage; 78. Float; 79. Shielding box; 710. Oil pump; 711. Oil pipe two; 712. Oil pipe three; 8. Power supply device; 81. Support frame; 82. Shaft; 83. Connecting plate; 84. Photovoltaic panel; 85. Guide column; 86. Nut; 87. Guide hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0019] Example: Please refer to Figures 1-13 An outdoor transformer with protective functions includes an oil tank 1, in which a coil winding is integrated. A low-voltage bushing 2 and a high-voltage bushing 3 for connecting cables are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the oil tank 1. Both the low-voltage bushing 2 and the high-voltage bushing 3 are fixedly connected to the coil winding. An oil level gauge 4 for detecting the oil level in the oil tank 1 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the oil tank 1. The detection end of the oil level gauge 4 is located inside the oil tank 1 and adopts a pressure relief type oil level gauge 4. When the cooling oil in the oil tank 1 expands in volume due to temperature rise, causing the internal pressure to exceed a preset threshold, the excess oil can be automatically discharged through the oil level gauge 4, effectively releasing the internal pressure of the oil tank 1 and avoiding failures such as sealing failure and oil spraying caused by excessive pressure. A base 5 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the oil tank 1. A protective device 6 for protecting the pressure relief port of the oil level gauge 4 is provided at the end of the oil level gauge 4 away from the oil tank 1.

[0020] Please see Figures 2-4 and Figure 6The protective device 6 includes a T-shaped sleeve 61 installed on the upper end of the oil level gauge 4. A protective cylinder 62 for shielding the splashed cooling oil is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the T-shaped sleeve 61. The inner wall of the protective cylinder 62 is provided with continuous spiral guide ribs to guide the oil-gas mixture ejected at high speed from the oil level gauge 4. A collector 63 is fixedly connected to the edge of the T-shaped sleeve 61. A guide hole is opened on the edge of the T-shaped sleeve 61. The collector 63 communicates with the protective cylinder 62 through the guide hole. The cooperation of the collector 63, the T-shaped sleeve 61, and the protective cylinder 62 can collect the cooling oil discharged from the oil level gauge 4. A square opening is opened on the side of the T-shaped sleeve 61 opposite to the collector 63. The square hole is equipped with a locking component 64 for fixing the T-shaped sleeve 61 to the oil level gauge 4. The output end of the collector 63 is fixedly connected to an oil pipe 65. A cover plate 66 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the protective cylinder 62. The cover plate 66 can block the top of the protective cylinder 62, thereby reducing the probability of cooling oil splashing out from the inside of the protective cylinder 62. A three-way connector 67 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cover plate 66. When the mixture flows into the spiral guide rib, it will be forced to rotate and flow along the spiral guide rib, generating a centrifugal force field. This causes the denser liquid oil droplets and oil mist to be thrown to the inner wall of the guide cylinder under the action of centrifugal force, adhering to the tank wall and flowing along the... The spiral guide ribs slope downwards, causing less dense gases and aerosols to gather in the central area of ​​the guide tube under centrifugal force, forming a stable central gas column that flows upwards into the three-way connector 67, thus achieving oil-gas separation. A gas sensor 68 is fixedly connected inside the three-way connector 67, and a filter screen 69 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the three-way connector 67. A protective cover 610 is fixedly connected to the surface of the filter screen 69. Through the cooperation of the protective cover 610 and the filter screen 69, while ensuring the three-way connector 67 is connected to the outside world, the top opening of the three-way connector 67 can be shielded and protected. The inner wall of the protective cover 610 is fixedly connected to... A central fixed shaft 611 is provided, on which a centrifugal impeller 612 is rotatably connected. The blades of the centrifugal impeller 612 are inclined arc-shaped blades that match the direction of the swirling flow. The rising airflow directly impacts the angle of attack of the blades, converting the tangential kinetic energy of the airflow into the rotational torque of the impeller. This automatically drives the centrifugal impeller 612 to rotate at high speed, causing the remaining fine oil mist and aerosol in the gas to be thrown out by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the centrifugal impeller 612. After hitting the inner wall of the three-way connector 67, the aerosol flows back along the inner wall to the guide tube and finally flows into the collector 63, thus avoiding the problem that the gas containing oil mist can easily contaminate the probe of the gas sensor 68.

[0021] Please see Figures 4-9The locking assembly 64 includes a top frame 641 slidably installed inside the T-shaped sleeve 61. A damping plate 642 is fixedly connected to the side of the top frame 641 near the oil level gauge 4. A square frame is provided on one side of the T-shaped sleeve 61 located on the top frame 641. A rotating shaft 643 is fixedly connected to both sides of the square frame. A limit frame 644 is rotatably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 643. The limit frame 644 is movably abutted against the end of the top frame 641 away from the damping plate 642. A support plate 645 is fixedly connected inside the square frame of the T-shaped sleeve 61. A spring 646 is fixedly connected between the support plate 645 and the top frame 641. Under the support of the support plate 645, the spring 646 can apply its own preload to the top frame 641, so that the top frame 641 is subjected to force in the horizontal direction, further increasing the stability of the top frame 641 when constrained by the limit frame 644.

[0022] Please see Figures 4-9 A rubber ring is fixedly connected inside the T-shaped sleeve 61. The rubber ring is sealed to the surface of the oil level gauge 4 to increase the sealing effect between the T-shaped sleeve 61 and the oil level gauge 4. The collector 63 is a semi-annular groove structure with an inclined guide surface at the bottom of the groove. The lowest point of the guide surface is provided with an oil drain hole that communicates with the oil pipe 65. The surface of the cover plate 66 is provided with a round hole that connects the three-way connector 67 and the protective cylinder 62. The gas sensor 68 is a two-in-one monitoring module that integrates a temperature-compensated electrochemical hydrogen sensor and a photoelectric gas sensor 68. It is used to simultaneously monitor the fault gas and oil fume aerosol generated by transformer oil cracking. The centrifugal impeller 612 is located inside the three-way connector 67, and there is a gap between it and the three-way connector 67 for gas flow.

[0023] Please see Figures 4-9 The top frame 641 has a rounded corner at the end opposite to the oil level gauge 4. The damping plate 642 is slidably connected to the square hole and passes through the inner circumferential arc surface of the T-shaped sleeve 61. The surface of the oil level gauge 4 has a square groove. Both the damping plate 642 and the top frame 641 are inserted into the inner wall of the square groove. The upper inner side of the limiting frame 644 has a rounded corner. The rounded corner of the limiting frame 644 can cooperate with the rounded corner of the top frame 641, so that the limiting frame 644 can push the top frame 641 in the unfolded state into the square hole during the rotation. The support plate 645 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the top frame 641. There are two springs 646. The two springs 646 are symmetrically arranged with reference to the vertical axis of the support plate 645.

[0024] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 10 and Figure 12A collection device 7 for collecting cooling oil discharged from the oil level gauge 4 is provided on one side of the oil tank 1. The collection device 7 includes a storage tank 71 fixed to the side of the oil tank 1. The output end of the oil pipe 65 is fixedly connected to the interface of the storage tank 71. The cooling oil collected by the collector 63 can be stored through the storage tank 71 to avoid the problem of cooling oil being directly discharged into the external environment, which could easily pollute the external environment and lead to the waste of cooling oil. The lower surface of the storage tank 71 is provided with a filter assembly 72 for filtering the backflow cooling oil. A baffle 73 is sealed and fixed on the side of the storage tank 71 away from the oil pipe 65. Two vertically distributed mounting holes are opened on the surface of the baffle 73. A proximity switch 74 and a proximity switch 75 are respectively sealed and fixed in the two mounting holes. The baffle 73 is located on one side of the storage tank 71. A bracket 76 is fixedly connected, a slide 77 is slidably connected to the bracket 76, a float 78 is fixedly connected to the slide 77, a shield box 79 is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle 73 away from the storage tank 71, an oil pump 710 for drawing cooling oil from the storage tank 71 is fixedly connected to the shield box 79, an oil pipe 711 is fixedly connected between the oil pump 710 and the filter assembly 72, the float 78 can float on the surface of the cooling oil in the storage tank 71, when the cooling oil level in the storage tank 71 rises, the float 78 can raise the slide 77, so that the slide 77 is close to the proximity switch 75, when the slide 77 reaches the detection end of the proximity switch 75, the proximity switch 75 will control the oil pump 710 to work, an oil pipe 712 is fixedly connected between the oil pump 710 and the oil tank 1.

[0025] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 The filter assembly 72 includes a housing 721 and a limiting ring 722 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the storage tank 71. An end cap 723 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the housing 721, and a filter element 724 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the end cap 723. The filter element 724 is sealed and fitted on the limiting ring 722. The cooperation between the end cap 723 and the limiting ring 722 can support and fix the positions of the upper and lower ends of the filter element 724, thereby ensuring the stability of the filter element 724. A through hole 725 communicating with the second oil pipe 711 is opened on the surface of the housing 721.

[0026] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12Storage tank 71 is connected to collector 63 via oil pipe 65, and oil pump 710 is connected to oil tank 1 via oil pipe 712. Proximity switch 74 and proximity switch 75 both pass through baffle 73. The detection ends of proximity switch 74 and proximity switch 75 are located inside storage tank 71. The drive unit of oil pump 710 is installed inside shielding box 79. Shielding box 79 can protect the drive unit of oil pump 710 and prevent oil pump 710 from being affected by strong magnetic field interference from transformer, which could lead to malfunction. Limit ring 722 is connected to the inner cavity of storage tank 71. Filter element 724 is located inside outer shell 721. Filter element 724 can filter the cooling oil entering through hole 725, thereby improving the quality of return cooling oil.

[0027] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 13 The surface of the storage tank 71 is provided with a power supply device 8 for providing working power. The power supply device 8 includes two support frames 81 fixed to the surface of the storage tank 71 as a support structure. A shaft 82 is rotatably connected between the two support frames 81. A connecting plate 83 is fixedly connected to the surface of the shaft 82. A photovoltaic panel 84 for converting sunlight into electrical energy is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting plate 83 away from the shaft 82. An energy storage module is integrated on the photovoltaic panel 84, so that the photovoltaic panel 84 can power the gas sensor 68, proximity switch 1 74, and proximity switch 2 7. 5 and the oil pump 710 are powered. A guide post 85 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the connecting plate 83. A nut 86 is threadedly connected to the surface of the guide post 85. An arc-shaped guide hole 87 is opened on the surface of the support frame 81. The guide post 85 is slidably connected to the guide hole 87. The guide post 85 passes through the support frame 81 through the guide hole 87. The nut 86 is tightly abutted against the surface of the support frame 81. Through the cooperation of the guide post 85, the guide hole 87 and the nut 86, the operator can adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 84 within the guide range of the guide hole 87.

[0028] It should be noted that this type of outdoor transformer with protective function will automatically open the oil level gauge 4 to release pressure when the transformer is overloaded or malfunctions, causing the temperature of the cooling oil in the oil tank 1 to rise and the volume to expand, and the internal pressure to exceed the preset pressure relief threshold of the oil level gauge 4. The oil-gas mixture ejected at high speed from the pressure relief port of the oil level gauge 4 is completely blocked by the protective cylinder 62 and the cover plate 66 to prevent the oil from directly splashing and polluting the surrounding environment. The oil-gas mixture undergoes forced swirling motion along the continuous spiral guide ribs on the inner wall of the protective cylinder 62, generating a centrifugal force field to achieve primary oil-gas separation: the denser liquid oil droplets are thrown to the inner wall of the protective cylinder 62, flow back down along the spiral guide ribs to the T-shaped sleeve 61, and flow into the semi-annular collector 63 through the guide holes on the edge of the T-shaped sleeve 61; the inclined guide surface at the bottom of the collector 63 collects the oil to the lowest point of the drain hole, and is transported to the storage tank 71 for temporary storage through the oil pipe 65; After primary separation, the gas gathers in the central area of ​​the protective cylinder 62, forming a stable central gas column that flows upward into the tee connector 67. When the airflow enters the tee connector 67, it impacts the arc-shaped blades of the centrifugal impeller 612, causing the impeller to rotate at high speed. Through centrifugal force, secondary deep demisting is achieved, throwing out the fine oil mist and aerosol remaining in the gas and impacting the inner wall of the tee connector 67, which then flows back to the protective cylinder 62 along the inner wall. The purified gas flows upward through the annular gap between the centrifugal impeller 612 and the tee connector 67, and flows through the gas sensor 68. The sensor monitors the concentration of fault gas and oil fume generated by transformer oil cracking in real time. When fault gas is detected, an alarm is triggered immediately and an alarm message is pushed to the remote operation and maintenance terminal. Finally, the gas is guided by the protective cover 610 and discharged to the outside through the filter screen 69. Storage tank 71 temporarily stores the recovered cooling oil. As the oil accumulates, the oil level in the tank gradually rises, and float 78 rises with the oil level, causing slide 77 to move upward. When slide 77 rises to the high liquid level detection position of proximity switch 2 75, proximity switch 2 75 triggers the start of oil pump 710. Oil pump 710 draws oil from storage tank 71 through oil pipe 2 711. After the oil is filtered by filter element 724 at the bottom of storage tank 71 to remove impurities, it flows back to oil tank 1 through oil pipe 2 711, oil pump 710, and oil pipe 3 712 in sequence, automatically replenishing the cooling oil lost in oil tank 1. As the oil level gradually decreases, float 78 moves slide 77 downward with the oil level. When slide 77 moves to the low liquid level detection position of proximity switch 1 74, proximity switch 1 74 triggers the stop of oil pump 710 to prevent dry pumping and damage to the equipment. After the transformer is installed and commissioned, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 84 can be adjusted according to the latitude and sunlight conditions of the installation site: loosen the nut 86 on the guide column 85, rotate the shaft 82 along the arc-shaped guide hole 87 of the support frame 81 to adjust the photovoltaic panel 84 to the optimal light-receiving angle, and tighten the nut 86 to lock the position; the photovoltaic panel 84 converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the integrated energy storage module, providing independent working power for the gas sensor 68, proximity switch 1 74, proximity switch 2 75 and oil pump 710, without the need for external mains power, and is suitable for remote outdoor installation scenarios without power supply; Because the oil level gauge 4 is equipped with a protective device 6 to protect its pressure relief structure, the protective device 6 can physically isolate the pressure relief structure of the oil level gauge 4 from harsh outdoor environments such as wind, sand, dust, and rain, preventing debris from entering the moving gaps of the pressure relief structure and avoiding valve core and spring 646 jamming due to the mixing and caking of oil and dust. This ensures that the pressure relief structure can stably and reliably perform pressure relief actions throughout its entire life cycle. At the same time, the protective device 6 has a built-in flow guiding and collection structure, which can completely shield and collect the cooling oil discharged during the pressure relief process. This not only prevents cooling oil from splashing and polluting the environment and corroding the equipment shell 721, but also eliminates the fire hazard caused by oil accumulation. This design solves the core problem of easy jamming and failure of the outdoor oil level gauge 4 pressure relief structure, while taking into account environmental protection and operational safety, and significantly reduces the frequency of maintenance and safety risks of outdoor oil-immersed equipment.

[0029] Among them, the oil level gauge 4, gas sensor 68, proximity switch one 74, proximity switch two 75, oil pump 710 and photovoltaic panel 84 are all existing technologies, and their working and control principles will not be elaborated here. For the connection parts between the parts, the connection methods such as welding, bolt fixing, and interference fit can be selected according to the requirements of the connection position of the parts. In addition, for parts in different positions, materials suitable for their working environment can be selected according to the working conditions and requirements.

[0030] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An outdoor transformer with protective functions, comprising an oil tank (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the oil tank (1) is fixedly connected to a low-pressure bushing (2) and a high-pressure bushing (3). An oil level gauge (4) is fixedly connected to the oil tank (1). A base (5) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the oil tank (1). A protective device (6) is provided at one end of the oil level gauge (4). The protective device (6) includes a T-shaped sleeve (61) installed on the upper end of the oil level gauge (4). A protective cylinder (62) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the T-shaped sleeve (61). A continuous spiral guide rib is provided on the inner wall of the protective cylinder (62). A collector (63) is fixedly connected to the edge of the T-shaped sleeve (61). A guide hole is opened on the edge of the T-shaped sleeve (61). The collector (63) is connected to the protective cylinder (62) through the guide hole. A square hole is provided on the side of the sleeve (61) away from the collector (63), and a locking component (64) is provided in the square hole. An oil pipe (65) is fixedly connected to the output end of the collector (63). A cover plate (66) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the protective cylinder (62). A three-way connector (67) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cover plate (66). A gas sensor (68) is fixedly connected inside the three-way connector (67). A filter screen (69) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the three-way connector (67). A protective cover (610) is fixedly connected to the surface of the filter screen (69). A central fixed shaft (611) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective cover (610). A centrifugal impeller (612) is rotatably connected to the central fixed shaft (611).

2. An outdoor transformer with protective function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly (64) includes a top frame (641) slidably installed inside a T-shaped sleeve (61). A damping plate (642) is fixedly connected to the side of the top frame (641) near the oil level gauge (4). A square frame is provided on one side of the top frame (641) of the T-shaped sleeve (61). A rotating shaft (643) is fixedly connected to both sides of the square frame. A limit frame (644) is rotatably connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (643). The limit frame (644) is in movable contact with the end of the top frame (641) away from the damping plate (642). A support plate (645) is fixedly connected inside the square frame of the T-shaped sleeve (61). A spring (646) is fixedly connected between the support plate (645) and the top frame (641).

3. An outdoor transformer with protective function according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rubber ring is fixedly connected inside the T-shaped sleeve (61), and the rubber ring is sealed to the surface of the oil level gauge (4). The collector (63) is a semi-annular groove structure with an inclined guide surface at the bottom of the groove. The lowest point of the guide surface is provided with an oil drain hole that communicates with the oil pipe (65). The surface of the cover plate (66) is provided with a round hole that connects the three-way connector (67) and the protective cylinder (62). The centrifugal impeller (612) is located inside the three-way connector (67), and there is a gap between it and the three-way connector (67) for gas to flow.

4. An outdoor transformer with protective function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top frame (641) has a rounded corner at one end away from the oil level gauge (4). The damping plate (642) is slidably connected to the square hole and passes through the inner circumferential arc surface of the T-shaped sleeve (61). The surface of the oil level gauge (4) has a square groove. The damping plate (642) and the top frame (641) are both inserted into the inner wall of the square groove. The upper inner side of the limit frame (644) has a rounded corner. The support plate (645) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the top frame (641). There are two springs (646). The two springs (646) are symmetrically arranged with reference to the vertical axis of the support plate (645).

5. An outdoor transformer with protective function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collection device (7) is provided on one side of the oil tank (1). The collection device (7) includes a storage tank (71) fixed to the side of the oil tank (1). The output end of the first oil pipe (65) is fixedly connected to the interface of the storage tank (71). A filter assembly (72) is provided on the lower surface of the storage tank (71). A baffle (73) is sealed and fixed on the side of the storage tank (71) away from the first oil pipe (65). Two vertically distributed mounting holes are opened on the surface of the baffle (73). A proximity switch (74) and a proximity switch (75) are respectively sealed and fixed in the two mounting holes. The baffle (73) is fixedly connected to a bracket (76) on one side of the storage tank (71). A slide (77) is slidably connected to the bracket (76). A float (78) is fixedly connected to the slide (77). A shield box (79) is fixedly connected to the side of the baffle (73) away from the storage tank (71). An oil pump (710) is fixedly connected to the shield box (79). An oil pipe (711) is fixedly connected between the oil pump (710) and the filter assembly (72). An oil pipe (712) is fixedly connected between the oil pump (710) and the oil tank (1).

6. An outdoor transformer with protective function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filter assembly (72) includes a housing (721) and a limiting ring (722) fixedly connected to the lower surface of the storage tank (71). An end cap (723) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the housing (721), and a filter element (724) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the end cap (723). The filter element (724) is sealed on the limiting ring (722). A through hole (725) communicating with the second oil pipe (711) is opened on the surface of the housing (721).

7. An outdoor transformer with protective function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The storage tank (71) is connected to the collector (63) through oil pipe one (65), the oil pump (710) is connected to the oil tank (1) through oil pipe three (712), the proximity switch one (74) and proximity switch two (75) both pass through the baffle (73), the detection ends of the proximity switch one (74) and proximity switch two (75) are both located inside the storage tank (71), the drive part of the oil pump (710) is installed inside the shield box (79), the limiting ring (722) is connected to the inner cavity of the storage tank (71), and the filter element (724) is located inside the outer shell (721).

8. An outdoor transformer with protective function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the storage box (71) is provided with a power supply device (8). The power supply device (8) includes two support frames (81) fixed on the surface of the storage box (71). A shaft (82) is rotatably connected between the two support frames (81). A connecting plate (83) is fixedly connected to the surface of the shaft (82). A photovoltaic panel (84) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate (83) away from the shaft (82).

9. An outdoor transformer with protective function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side surface of the connecting plate (83) is fixedly connected to a guide post (85), and a nut (86) is threaded onto the surface of the guide post (85). The surface of the support frame (81) is provided with an arc-shaped guide hole (87). The guide post (85) is slidably connected to the guide hole (87). The guide post (85) passes through the support frame (81) through the guide hole (87). The nut (86) is in close contact with the surface of the support frame (81).

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