Circuit breaker and electrical device

Abstract

The application relates to a power breaker and an electrical device, and relates to the technical field of switches. In the power breaker, an elastic member is arranged between a piston and a top wall of a first chamber, the piston is located between a conductive row and the top wall of the first chamber before a cutting-off part cuts off a weak area, the elastic member is compressed and located between the piston and the top wall of the first chamber, the elastic member continuously provides an action force to the piston towards one side of the conductive row, the cutting-off part of the piston is tightly attached to the conductive row towards the end of the conductive row, part of the cutting-off part is located in a gap and in contact with the weak area, an assembly gap caused by machining and assembly tolerances of parts is reduced or eliminated, an idle stroke between the cutting-off part of the piston and the weak area is removed, the movement stroke of the piston is shortened, the piston action speed is improved under the condition of the same driving force, the breaking time of the conductive row is shortened, and the power breaker has the advantages of quickly breaking a fault current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of switch technology, and more particularly to a circuit breaker and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of new energy power distribution protection devices, pyrotechnic switches, which use the energy generated by the explosion of an ignition source to drive the piston to break the circuit, have advantages such as rapid protection action, active protection across the entire current range, passive protection, and relatively low Joule heating at the breaking point. Power distribution systems increasingly demand faster breaking and arc-extinguishing times from switching devices to achieve better system protection. However, excessively long piston breaking times in pyrotechnic switches can severely affect their circuit protection performance. Under high voltage and high current, this can lead to prolonged arc duration, causing damage to the switching device or even loss of breaking capacity. Therefore, shortening the piston breaking time in pyrotechnic switches is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a circuit breaker and electrical equipment that can effectively shorten the piston's breaking time.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a circuit breaker, comprising an upper shell, a piston, a conductive busbar, and an elastic element. The upper shell has a first chamber, and the piston is movably disposed within the first chamber. The piston has a cutting portion. The conductive busbar extends along a first direction, and the conductive busbar and the upper shell are arranged along a second direction. The conductive busbar has a notch on its surface facing the upper shell in the second direction to form a weak area. The piston is movable along the second direction to cause the cutting portion to cut through the weak area. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The elastic element is disposed between the piston and the top wall of the first chamber. Between the cutting portion cutting through the weak area, the elastic element is in a compressed state, with its opposite ends contacting the piston and the top wall of the first chamber, respectively. A portion of the cutting portion is located within the notch and contacts the weak area.

[0005] The elastic element being located between the piston and the top wall of the first chamber means that the elastic element is located between the top surface of the piston and the top wall of the first chamber. When the elastic element is in a compressed state, the opposite ends of the elastic element are in contact with the top surface of the piston and the top wall of the first chamber, respectively. The elastic element applies a force to the piston in the second direction and toward the conductive busbar.

[0006] In the circuit breaker of this application, an elastic element is provided between the piston and the top wall of the first chamber. Before the cutting part cuts the weak area, the piston is located between the conductive bus and the top wall of the first chamber. The elastic element is compressed and located between the piston and the top wall of the first chamber. The elastic element continuously provides a force to the piston towards the conductive bus, pressing the end of the piston's cutting part towards the conductive bus tightly against the conductive bus, so that part of the cutting part is located in the notch and contacts the weak area. This reduces or eliminates the assembly gap caused by the machining and assembly tolerances of the parts, eliminates the idle stroke between the piston's cutting part and the weak area, and shortens the piston's movement stroke. Under the same driving force, it is beneficial to increase the piston's action speed, thereby shortening the breaking time of the conductive bus and giving the circuit breaker the advantage of quickly breaking fault current.

[0007] In addition, a notch and a weak area are formed on the conductive busbar. The dimension of the weak area in the second direction is smaller than the dimension of the part on the conductive busbar without a notch in the second direction. This makes it easier for the weak area to be cut by the cutting part, reducing the situation where the conductive busbar fails to disconnect in time and the operating speed is too slow, thereby shortening the disconnection time of the conductive busbar.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the upper shell is provided with a second chamber, and a first chamber is provided between the second chamber and the conductive bar. The second chamber communicates with the first chamber, and the breaker also includes an ignition device housed in the second chamber. The piston has a first receiving groove on its end face facing the ignition device in a second direction, and the first receiving groove houses one end of the elastic member.

[0009] The first receiving groove can accommodate a portion of the elastic element. For example, when the elastic element is in a compressed state, it can be wholly or partially contained within the first receiving groove. Before the piston cuts through the weak area, the elastic element can reduce or eliminate the gap between the cut-off part and the weak area. Simultaneously, it can reduce the distance between the end of the ignition device facing the piston and the top surface of the piston, allowing the high-pressure gas generated during the explosion of the ignition device to act on the top surface of the piston more quickly. This increases the driving force and acceleration of the piston at the moment of action, thereby increasing the piston's action speed and achieving ultra-fast piston movement. Furthermore, the first receiving groove can limit the elastic element in the compressed state, effectively preventing lateral bending.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the piston has a recess on its end face facing the igniter in the second direction, the recesses being spaced apart from the first receiving grooves, and the recesses accommodating a portion of the igniter.

[0011] In this way, the recess, together with the ignition device, forms an ignition chamber, which concentrates the high-pressure gas generated at the moment of the ignition device's explosion into the recess. This concentrates the driving force acting on the piston at the moment of the ignition device's explosion into the recess, enabling the piston to move quickly, reducing action delay, shortening the break-off time, and ensuring that the gas pressure can act quickly and evenly on the top surface of the piston, allowing the piston to accelerate smoothly.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the top wall of the first chamber is provided with a second receiving groove, which communicates with the first chamber and is used to receive the other end of the elastic member.

[0013] The second receiving groove can accommodate a portion of the elastic element. For example, when the elastic element is in a compressed state, it can be wholly or partially contained within the second receiving groove. Before the piston cuts through the weak area, the elastic element can reduce or eliminate the gap between the cut-off part and the weak area. Simultaneously, it can reduce the distance between the end of the ignition device facing the piston and the top surface of the piston, allowing the high-pressure gas generated during the explosion of the ignition device to act on the top surface of the piston more quickly. This increases the driving force and acceleration at the moment of piston movement, thereby increasing the piston's movement speed and achieving ultra-fast piston action. Furthermore, the second receiving groove can limit the elastic element in its compressed state, effectively preventing lateral bending.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the cutting portion has a boss on its end face facing the conductive busbar in the second direction. The boss is positioned directly opposite the weak area in the second direction. Before the cutting portion cuts the weak area, the boss is located within the notch and in contact with the weak area.

[0015] With this configuration, the boss and the notch are adapted to each other, and at least part of the boss is housed within the notch. For example, the entire boss is housed within the notch, and the outer peripheral surface of the boss contacts the wall surface of the notch. This minimizes the fit clearance between the cut-off part and the weak area, which can effectively improve the piston break-off speed.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the side of the conductive busbar facing away from the first chamber is provided with a groove, and a bending portion is provided between the groove and the weak area in the first direction. After the cutting portion cuts the weak area, the bending portion can bend around the bottom of the groove towards the side facing away from the first chamber under the action of the cutting portion.

[0017] After the weak area is cut off, the bent section separates from it. The groove design allows the bent section to bend away from the first chamber under the pressure of the cut section after separation. The bending center is the bottom of the groove, which prevents delayed separation due to deformation and pulling. In addition, the groove is located on the bottom surface of the conductive busbar. When the bent section bends away from the first chamber, the bending resistance is reduced, achieving a fixed-point bending of the bent section.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the end face of the cut portion facing the conductive busbar in the second direction includes a bevel, the bevel and the boss are arranged along the first direction, the bevel and the bent portion are arranged opposite each other in the second direction, and the further the bevel is from the boss in the first direction, the greater the distance between the bevel and the surface of the bent portion facing the first chamber in the second direction.

[0019] Thus, before the cutting part cuts the weak area, the boss contacts the weak area, while a gap is left between the inclined surface and the bending part, ensuring that the cutting part cuts the weak area first. At the moment of breaking, it quickly breaks from the weak area and then squeezes the bending part. Furthermore, it allows the bending part to move in an arc along the bottom of the groove, reducing the pulling and deformation of the conductive busbar under the push of the piston, which can further improve the breaking speed.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the circuit breaker further includes an insulating frame that encloses a portion of the conductive busbar. The insulating frame has a through-hole that accommodates a weak area, which is located close to the inner wall of the through-hole in a first direction.

[0021] The phrase "the weak zone is set close to the inner wall of the through hole in the first direction" means that the weak zone is set between the centerline of the conductive busbar located in the through hole in the first direction and the inner wall of the through hole. For example, the weak zone can be set at the position of the conductive busbar located in the through hole closest to the inner wall of the through hole in the first direction. The inner side of the notch close to the inner wall of the through hole in the first direction is on the same vertical plane as the inner wall of the through hole. In this way, when the cutting part cuts the weak zone, the break formed at the weak zone is as close as possible to the inner wall of the through hole, so that the gap between the cutting part and the inner wall of the through hole in the first direction can quickly form an insulating narrow gap, pulling the arc into the insulating narrow gap, thereby rapidly increasing the arc voltage and achieving the effect of quickly limiting the short-circuit current and quickly extinguishing the arc.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the side of the conductive bus away from the first chamber is provided with a receiving groove, a part of the receiving groove is positioned opposite the weak area in the second direction, and another part of the receiving groove is located on the side of the part of the receiving groove away from the groove in the first direction, and the other part of the receiving groove is provided with a portion of the through hole sidewall.

[0023] A portion of the receiving groove is positioned directly opposite the weak area in the second direction, meaning the weak area can form part of the bottom of the receiving groove. In this case, notches and a portion of the receiving groove are respectively provided on opposite sides of the weak area in the second direction, further reducing the size of the weak area in the second direction, allowing the cutting part to cut the weak area more quickly and shortening the breaking time. The other portion of the receiving groove is located on the side of the first portion of the receiving groove that is away from the groove, meaning the other portion of the receiving groove is further away from the groove in the first direction. A portion of the receiving groove contains a through-hole sidewall, extending into the other portion of the receiving groove. Since the through-hole sidewall is part of the insulating frame, after the cutting part cuts the weak area, an insulating narrow gap is formed between the cutting part and the through-hole sidewall in the other portion of the receiving groove. After the piston cuts the weak area, the piston continues to move, continuously elongating the arc generated at the weak area's break point and drawing the arc into the insulating narrow gap between the piston's outer circumference and the through-hole sidewall in the other portion of the receiving groove for cooling. This increases the arc voltage at the moment of disconnection, further improving the current-limiting effect.

[0024] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the cutting portion has an insulating side surface perpendicular to the first direction, and after the cutting portion cuts the weak area, the insulating side surface contacts the inner wall of the through hole at the receiving groove.

[0025] In other words, the insulating side contacts the through-hole sidewall in another part of the receiving groove. Due to the machining and assembly tolerances of the piston and the insulating frame, there will be a tiny gap between the insulating side and the inner wall of the through-hole in the receiving groove. This tiny gap can form an insulating slit, and the arc generated at the weak fracture point is pulled into the insulating slit, thereby increasing the arc voltage at the moment of disconnection and further improving the current limiting effect.

[0026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with a rib, which is located on the side of the conductive busbar facing the first chamber in the second direction. After the cutting part cuts the weak area, part of the piston is received in the through hole and contacts the rib.

[0027] After the cutting section cuts through the weak area, the piston continues to move in the second direction. When the piston moves to the point of contact with the rib, the piston and the inner wall of the through hole change from surface contact to dispersed point contact, which effectively reduces the local pressure of the piston, increases resistance when the piston moves, buffers and slows down the piston, reduces the impact force after the piston is cut, and reduces the risk of piston breakage and damage.

[0028] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with two protruding support portions, which are arranged at intervals in the first direction and are closer to the conductive bar in the second direction than the rib. After the cutting portion cuts the weak area, the two support portions partially contact the piston.

[0029] After the cutting section cuts through the weak area, the two spaced-apart support sections better support the piston, thus allowing it to be contained within the through hole under the constraint of the two support sections. Furthermore, the presence of the rib and the two support sections ensures that after the cutting section cuts through the weak area and compresses the bent portion, the piston first contacts the rib for cushioning before contacting the two support sections, thereby reducing the impact of the piston on the two support sections and lowering the risk of damage to them.

[0030] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, one of the supports covers the groove in the orthographic projection in the second direction, and a bend and a weak zone are provided between the two supports.

[0031] A bend and a weak zone are provided between the two support parts, so that the cutting part faces the bend and the weak zone in the second direction. When the cutting part moves towards the conductive busbar in the second direction, it is not obstructed by the two support parts. After passing through the gap between the two support parts, the cutting part directly cuts the weak zone and squeezes the bend. The orthogonal projection of one of the support parts in the second direction covers the groove, so the cutting part will not exert impact force on the bottom of the groove, ensuring that the cutting part preferentially cuts the weak zone, and the bending part moves in an arc around the bottom of the groove.

[0032] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, there are multiple weak regions, which are spaced apart along a first direction. Each weak region is positioned opposite a piston in a second direction, and each piston is housed within a first chamber.

[0033] In other words, the number of pistons and the number of first chambers are also multiple, the same as the number of weak zones. Thus, each weak zone is interrupted by a single piston, and each piston is placed independently in a different first chamber, ensuring that different pistons do not interfere with each other and that each piston can quickly cut off its corresponding weak zone. Specifically, when a voltage or current abnormality occurs in the circuit containing the circuit breaker, controlling multiple pistons to simultaneously cut off the corresponding weak zone can more quickly increase the arc voltage, achieving rapid current limiting and, simultaneously, a faster arc extinguishing effect.

[0034] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, there are two weak zones, which are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and each weak zone coincides with the orthographic projection of the corresponding piston in the second direction.

[0035] Thus, when both pistons move toward the conductor bus along the second direction, the pistons can precisely cut off the corresponding weak area, achieving simultaneous interruption, thereby rapidly increasing the arc voltage, achieving the purpose of rapid current limiting, and more quickly interrupting the short-circuit current.

[0036] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, each weak area is housed within a through-hole.

[0037] That is, multiple through holes are also formed on the insulating frame. The number of through holes is the same as the number of weak areas, so that after each weak area is broken, the piston corresponding to the weak area can form an insulating narrow gap with the inner wall of the corresponding through hole, thereby increasing the arc voltage at the break point of each weak area and improving the current limiting effect.

[0038] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the piston is provided with an air passage that extends through the piston in a second direction and communicates with the first chamber.

[0039] A gas passage is provided on the piston. After the piston breaks the conductive busbar, the high-pressure gas generated by the ignition device blows the arc away from the conductive busbar more quickly through the gas passage, thereby increasing the initial arc voltage at the time of breaking and achieving the effect of quickly limiting the short-circuit current and quickly extinguishing the arc. In addition, the high-pressure gas can also flow out of the first chamber through the gas passage, which can accelerate the current limiting while reducing the pressure inside the circuit breaker and reducing the risk of damage to the circuit breaker.

[0040] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the airway includes a first segment and a second segment that are connected and arranged along a second direction. The first segment is connected to a first chamber, and the diameter of the first segment is smaller than the diameter of the second segment. Before the piston cuts off the conductive bar, the second segment is located between the first segment and the conductive bar.

[0041] The diameter of the first section is set smaller than that of the second section. This effectively prevents excessively rapid depressurization at the moment of ignition due to the gas passage design, and effectively prevents the piston's movement speed from slowing down. It also reduces the impact of depressurization on piston movement before the piston cuts off the conductive busbar. The second section has a larger diameter, allowing high-pressure gas to be rapidly depressurized after the piston cuts off the conductive busbar, while also increasing the effectiveness of gas-blown arc extinguishing. Furthermore, the different diameters of the first and second sections facilitate the formation of gas passages within the piston.

[0042] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the circuit breaker further includes an arc-extinguishing chamber located on the side of the conductor bus away from the upper shell. The arc-extinguishing chamber and the first chamber are arranged opposite to each other in the second direction. After the piston cuts off the weak area, the portion of the arc-extinguishing chamber that houses the piston is in contact with the piston.

[0043] In this way, the electric arc generated at the weak break point is continuously elongated and pulled into the narrow insulating gap between the insulating side and the arc-extinguishing chamber for cooling, accelerating the dissipation of arc energy and causing the arc to cool rapidly in the arc-extinguishing chamber.

[0044] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, when a portion of the piston is housed within the arc-extinguishing chamber, the arc-extinguishing chamber is in communication with the gas passage.

[0045] In this way, the high-pressure gas in the first chamber blows the arc generated at the break point towards the arc-extinguishing chamber through the air passage, which can effectively improve the arc voltage build-up speed, thereby increasing the arc voltage during the breaking process and reducing the action time. In addition, the high-pressure gas in the first chamber can be blown into the arc-extinguishing chamber through the air passage, reducing the air pressure in the first chamber after the break and reducing the risk of damage to the circuit breaker.

[0046] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the circuit breaker further includes a first flame extinguishing mesh housed within an arc extinguishing chamber, the first flame extinguishing mesh being disposed opposite to the piston in a second direction.

[0047] The electric arc generated at the weak point of the break is stretched towards the arc-extinguishing chamber under the electromagnetic attraction of the first flame-extinguishing net, and jumps towards the first flame-extinguishing net, forming a larger arc voltage, which accelerates the dissipation of arc energy and makes the arc cool down quickly. In addition, the first flame-extinguishing net housed in the arc-extinguishing chamber improves the arc-extinguishing capability of the circuit breaker without increasing the volume of the circuit breaker.

[0048] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, when the piston is partially housed within the arc-extinguishing chamber, the piston comes into contact with the first flame-extinguishing mesh, which is in a compressed state.

[0049] After the piston cuts off the conductive busbar, it continues to move toward the arc-extinguishing chamber and applies pressure to the first flame-extinguishing mesh, causing the first flame-extinguishing mesh to deform and get stuck between the piston and the side wall of the arc-extinguishing chamber. This buffers the speed at which the piston moves toward the arc-extinguishing chamber, reduces the speed of the piston's rapid movement, and gets stuck in the arc-extinguishing chamber, reducing the impact force on the piston, reducing the possibility of piston breakage, and reducing or preventing the piston from rebounding toward the receiving cavity side due to the reverse force.

[0050] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the circuit breaker further includes a lower shell and a second flame extinguishing mesh. The lower shell is located on the side of the conductive bus away from the upper shell. The lower shell houses the arc extinguishing chamber, the first flame extinguishing mesh, and the second flame extinguishing mesh. The arc extinguishing chamber has an arc nozzle, which is arranged opposite to the second flame extinguishing mesh in a first direction.

[0051] The second flame extinguishing net can magnetically attract the electric arc ejected from the nozzle. The high-temperature ionized gas generated by the electric arc is ejected from the nozzle and comes into full contact with the second flame extinguishing net, and is rapidly cooled by the second flame extinguishing net, further accelerating the cooling of the electric arc.

[0052] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the cutting portion has an insulating side that is perpendicular to the first direction, and both the arc nozzle and the insulating side face the second flame extinguishing net in the first direction.

[0053] In this way, the high-temperature free gas between the insulating side and the side wall of the arc extinguishing chamber can quickly pass through the arc nozzle and be sprayed along the first direction along the shortest path to the second flame extinguishing net, accelerating the cooling of the electric arc and improving the arc extinguishing effect.

[0054] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the circuit breaker also includes a reinforcing frame embedded within the piston.

[0055] A reinforcing skeleton is installed inside the piston to improve the overall mechanical strength and structural rigidity of the piston, increase the piston's impact resistance, enable the piston to withstand greater acceleration, and achieve a higher piston breaking speed. This reduces the time required to break the conductive busbar and effectively reduces piston deformation during the breaking process, thereby lowering the risk of piston cracking.

[0056] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, a portion of the reinforcing skeleton extends along a second direction to the end face of the piston facing the conductive busbar.

[0057] This design gives the piston higher rigidity. When breaking through the weak zone, the piston deformation is smaller, which reduces the impact of piston deformation on the breaking speed.

[0058] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, a portion of the reinforcing skeleton extends along the second direction and is embedded within the cut portion.

[0059] Since the piston's cutting section is used to cut off weak areas, embedding a reinforcing skeleton within the cutting section can enhance the mechanical strength and structural rigidity of the cutting section, accelerate the cutting of weak areas, and reduce the risk of the cutting section breaking.

[0060] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the reinforcing skeleton has an "L"-shaped structure, and the number of reinforcing skeletons is at least two, with the at least two reinforcing skeletons spaced apart.

[0061] The spaced "L"-shaped reinforcing skeleton, compared to the integrated "T"-shaped reinforcing skeleton, effectively prevents the piston from cracking during the breaking process, thus reducing the risk of arc failure due to the electric arc penetrating the conductive bar and the internal reinforcing skeleton of the piston. Furthermore, the "L"-shaped reinforcing skeleton design allows for precise positioning within the molding die, and its embedding into the piston reduces the likelihood of displacement within the piston.

[0062] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the reinforcing frame is provided with multiple perforations, which are arranged at intervals, and a portion of the piston is housed within the multiple perforations.

[0063] This design strengthens the bond between the piston and the reinforced frame.

[0064] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the reinforcing frame is made of metal, and the outer surface of the reinforcing frame is coated with an insulating coating.

[0065] This design improves the insulation performance between the reinforcing frame and the piston. Even if the piston cracks during the breakage process, it can still ensure that the piston and the reinforcing frame as a whole have good insulation performance, preventing electric arcs from entering the piston through the cracks and contacting the reinforcing frame, thus avoiding other short circuit faults.

[0066] In a second aspect, this application provides an electrical device including a circuit breaker and a circuit as provided in any implementation of the first aspect, wherein the circuit breaker is connected in the circuit and is used to disconnect the circuit when a voltage abnormality and / or current abnormality occurs in the circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0067] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be described below.

[0068] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a photovoltaic system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of this application from one perspective; Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a piston and elastic element provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a piston provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 9 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a piston provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a conductive bus provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a circuit breaker provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 12This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piston cutting off a conductive busbar in a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 13 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a conductive busbar and an insulating frame from one perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 14 for Figure 11 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 15 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the conductive busbar and insulating frame from another perspective, provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 16 for Figure 12 Enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 17 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a circuit breaker located at the through hole after the piston cuts off the conductive busbar, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 18 for Figure 17 Enlarged view at point E in the middle; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow direction in the lower casing of a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 20 A cross-sectional structural diagram of a piston and reinforcing frame provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 21 A cross-sectional structural diagram of another piston and reinforcing frame provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of a reinforced frame provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 23 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a reinforced frame provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 24 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of two reinforcing skeletons provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0069] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: X - First direction; Y - Second direction; Z - Third direction; 10-Upper shell; 11-First chamber; 12-Second chamber; 13-Second receiving slot; 20-Piston; 21-Cut-off section; 211-Boss; 212-Bevel; 213-Flat surface; 214-Insulating side surface; 22-First receiving groove; 23-Guide post; 24-Head; 25-Dent; 26-Air passage; 261-First section; 262-Second section; 27-Buffer arm; 30 - Conductive busbar; 31 - Current-carrying body; 32 - Discontinuity section; 321 - Notch; 322 - Weak area; 323 - Groove; 324 - Bending section; 325 - Receiving groove; 40 - Elastic element; 50-igniter; 60 - Insulating middle frame; 61 - Through hole; 62 - Protrusion; 621 - Insulating plastic surface; 63 - Rib; 64 - Protruding ring; 65 - Support part; 70 - Arc extinguishing chamber; 71 - Arc nozzle; 80-First Flame Extinguishing Network; 90 - Lower shell; 91 - Arc extinguishing space; 100 - Second flame extinguishing net; 101 - Arc extinguishing chamber; 102 - Opening; 200-partition; 300 - Reinforced frame; 301 - Part 1; 302 - Part 2; 303 - Part 3; 304 - Perforation; 1000-Disconnector. Detailed Implementation

[0070] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] The circuit breaker of this application can be applied to electrical systems with high-voltage circuits. The electrical system may include a high-voltage power supply and a load. The circuit breaker, high-voltage power supply, and load are connected in the circuit of the electrical system. One end of the circuit breaker is connected to the high-voltage power supply, and the other end is connected to the load. The circuit breaker is used to disconnect the circuit when an abnormal voltage and / or current occurs. The circuit breaker of this application can also be used in electrical systems or electrical equipment with low-voltage circuits. However, when used in electrical equipment, the circuit breaker is connected in the circuit of the electrical equipment to disconnect the circuit when an abnormal voltage and / or current occurs.

[0072] For example, electrical systems include photovoltaic systems; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a photovoltaic system provided in an embodiment of this application. The photovoltaic system includes photovoltaic modules and a photovoltaic inverter. The photovoltaic modules are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The photovoltaic modules include multiple photovoltaic panels. Since the photovoltaic modules generate direct current (DC), the DC power from the photovoltaic modules can be converted into alternating current (AC) power by the photovoltaic inverter to facilitate power transmission and utilization.

[0073] The DC input terminal of a photovoltaic inverter is connected to the photovoltaic modules. A photovoltaic inverter includes a DC / AC circuit, which converts direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC).

[0074] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic inverter further includes a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) module, which tracks the highest voltage and current values ​​to enable the power generation system to output current at maximum power. In other embodiments, the photovoltaic inverter may not include an MPPT module.

[0075] The MPPT module and DC / DC (direct current to direct g current) circuit of a photovoltaic inverter can be housed in the same package or in different packages.

[0076] For example, the MPPT module may include a DC / DC circuit for regulating the direct current (DC) generated by the photovoltaic (PV) module. The regulated DC power can then be supplied to the energy storage system. One end of a DC / AC circuit is connected to both the MPPT module and the energy storage system, while the other end is connected to the power grid or a load. Thus, the DC / AC circuit converts the DC power output from the MPPT module or energy storage system into alternating current (AC), which is then supplied to the power grid or a load through the AC output of the PV inverter.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the circuit breaker 1000 provided in this application can be disposed in the circuit between the MPPT module and the energy storage system and the DC / AC circuit. One end of the circuit breaker 1000 is connected to the MPPT module and the energy storage system, and the other end of the circuit breaker 1000 is connected to the DC / AC circuit. In this case, the circuit breaker 1000 operates in the DC circuit, and can be used to disconnect the electrical connection between the MPPT module and the DC / AC circuit, and also to disconnect the electrical connection between the energy storage system and the DC / AC circuit.

[0078] In another implementation, the circuit breaker 1000 provided in this application can be located at the output interface of the DC / AC circuit and the photovoltaic system. The circuit breaker 1000 can disconnect the electrical connection between the DC / AC circuit and the power grid / load; that is, one end of the circuit breaker 1000 is connected to the DC / AC circuit, and the other end is connected to the power grid / load. In this case, the circuit breaker 1000 operates in the AC circuit. When the current flowing through the circuit breaker 1000 is greater than or equal to the current threshold, the circuit breaker 1000 disconnects, thereby disconnecting the electrical connection between the photovoltaic system and the power grid / load.

[0079] For example, the electrical system may include an energy storage system; see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of an energy storage system provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 2As shown, the energy storage system includes electrical equipment, which can be energy storage devices. Each energy storage device includes battery modules and a circuit breaker 1000. When the energy storage device is a battery pack, the battery module is a battery assembly composed of multiple battery packs. When the energy storage device is an energy storage cabinet, the battery module is a battery cluster composed of multiple battery packs. The circuit breaker 1000 is connected to the series circuit of the battery modules.

[0080] In one embodiment, the energy storage device includes an input terminal and an output terminal. The input terminal is used to receive direct current (DC) power from a photovoltaic system, and the output terminal is used to output DC power to a load. The circuit breaker 1000 provided in this application can be disposed between the input terminal and the battery module. When the current flowing through the circuit breaker 1000 is greater than or equal to a current threshold, the circuit breaker 1000 disconnects to cut off the electrical connection between the energy storage device and the photovoltaic system. The circuit breaker 1000 provided in this application can also be disposed between the output terminal and the load. When the current flowing through the circuit breaker 1000 is greater than or equal to a current threshold, the circuit breaker 1000 disconnects to cut off the electrical connection between the energy storage device and the load.

[0081] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a circuit breaker 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application from one perspective. Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of a circuit breaker 1000 provided in one embodiment of this application. The circuit breaker 1000 includes an upper shell 10, a piston 20, a conductive busbar 30, and an elastic element 40. The upper shell 10 houses the piston 20. Specifically, the upper shell 10 has a first chamber 11, and the piston 20 is movably disposed within the first chamber 11. The piston 20 has a cutting portion 21, which is used to cut off the conductive busbar 30 when a voltage / current abnormality occurs in the circuit where the circuit breaker 1000 is located, thereby cutting off the circuit where the circuit breaker 1000 is located. The conductive busbar 30 extends in a first direction X, and the conductive busbar 30 and the upper shell 10 are arranged along a second direction Y. When the piston 20 is housed in the first chamber 11, the conductive busbar 30 and the piston 20 are also arranged along the second direction Y. The conductive busbar 30 has a notch 321 on its surface facing the upper shell 10 in the second direction Y to form a weak area 322. For example, the conductive busbar 30 has a portion of its surface facing the upper shell 10 in the second direction Y that is recessed to form the notch 321 on the side opposite to the upper shell 10. The conductive busbar 30 at the notch 321 is the weak area 322. The piston 20 can move along the second direction Y so that the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322, thus achieving separation. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X. An elastic member 40 is disposed between the piston 20 and the top wall of the first chamber 11. Between the cutting part 21 cutting the weak area 322, the elastic member 40 is in a compressed state. The opposite ends of the elastic member 40 are in contact with the piston 20 and the top wall of the first chamber 11, respectively. A portion of the cutting part 21 is located within the notch 321 and is in contact with the weak area 322.

[0082] The circuit breaker 1000 has a length direction, a width direction and a height direction. For example, the first direction X is the length direction, the second direction Y is the height direction and the third direction Z is the width direction, as shown in the attached figure.

[0083] The top surface of piston 20 is the end face of piston 20 facing away from conductive busbar 30 in the second direction Y, and the bottom surface of piston 20 is the end face of piston 20 facing conductive busbar 30 in the second direction Y. The top surface of conductive busbar 30 is the surface of conductive busbar 30 facing the first chamber 11 in the second direction Y, and the bottom surface of conductive busbar 30 is the surface of conductive busbar 30 facing away from the first chamber 11 in the second direction Y.

[0084] The elastic element 40 being located between the piston 20 and the top wall of the first chamber 11 means that the elastic element 40 is located between the top surface of the piston 20 and the top wall of the first chamber 11. When the elastic element 40 is in a compressed state, the opposite ends of the elastic element 40 are in contact with the top surface of the piston 20 and the top wall of the first chamber 11, respectively. The elastic element 40 applies a force to the piston 20 along the second direction Y and toward the conductive busbar 30.

[0085] In the circuit breaker 1000 of this application, an elastic member 40 is provided between the piston 20 and the top wall of the first chamber 11. Before the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322, the piston 20 is located between the conductive bus 30 and the top wall of the first chamber 11. The elastic member 40 is compressed and located between the piston 20 and the top wall of the first chamber 11. The elastic member 40 continuously provides a force to the piston 20 toward the conductive bus 30, pressing the end of the cutting part 21 of the piston 20 toward the conductive bus 30 tightly against the conductive bus 30, so that part of the cutting part 21 is located in the notch 321 and contacts the weak area 322. This reduces or eliminates the assembly gap caused by the machining and assembly tolerances of the parts, removes the idle stroke between the piston 20's cutting part 21 and the weak area 322, and shortens the movement stroke of the piston 20. Under the same driving force, this helps to increase the action speed of the piston 20, thereby shortening the breaking time of the conductive bus 30, giving the circuit breaker 1000 the advantage of quickly breaking fault current.

[0086] In addition, a notch 321 and a weak area 322 are formed on the conductive busbar 30. The size of the weak area 322 along the second direction Y is smaller than the size of the position on the conductive busbar 30 where the notch 321 is not formed along the second direction Y, so that the weak area 322 is more easily cut by the cutting part 21, reducing the situation where the conductive busbar 30 fails to disconnect in time and the operating speed is too slow, thereby shortening the breaking time of the conductive busbar 30.

[0087] In one embodiment, the upper shell 10 further includes a second chamber 12, which is arranged along the second direction Y with the first chamber 11 and communicates with the first chamber 11. The circuit breaker 1000 also includes an ignition device 50, which is housed within the second chamber 12. The first chamber 11 is located between the second chamber 12 and the conductive busbar 30 along the second direction Y; that is, before the piston 20 cuts off the conductive busbar 30, the piston 20 is positioned between the ignition device 50 and the conductive busbar 30. When the current flowing through the circuit breaker 1000 is greater than or equal to a current threshold, the ignition device 50 explodes and generates high-pressure gas. The high-pressure gas acts on the top surface of the piston 20 within the first chamber 11 and pushes the piston 20 along the sidewall of the first chamber 11 toward the conductive busbar 30, thereby causing the cutting part 21 to strike and cut off the weak area 322.

[0088] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle. Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a piston 20 and an elastic member 40 according to an embodiment of this application. For example, the top surface of the piston 20 faces the ignition device 50, and the top surface of the piston 20 is provided with a first receiving groove 22, which receives one end of the elastic member 40. In this embodiment, one end of the elastic member 40 is located within the first receiving groove 22 and can be connected and fixed to the bottom of the first receiving groove 22, thereby fixing the elastic member 40 to the piston 20. The other end of the elastic element 40 can move relative to the top wall of the first chamber 11. That is, before the piston 20 cuts the weak area 322, the other end of the elastic element 40 is in contact with the top wall of the first chamber 11. During the movement of the piston 20 along the second direction Y toward the conductive bar 30, the other end of the elastic element 40 will detach from the top wall of the first chamber 11. There is a gap between the other end of the elastic element 40 and the top wall of the first chamber 11. In this way, during the assembly of the piston 20, the elastic element 40 and the upper shell 10, the elastic element 40 and the piston 20 can be assembled and fixed first, and then the piston 20 and the elastic element 40 can be installed as a whole into the first chamber 11. Compared with installing and fixing the elastic element 40 in the first chamber 11 first, the assembly difficulty is reduced. In other embodiments, one end of the elastic member 40 is movable relative to the bottom of the first receiving groove 22, and the other end of the elastic member 40 is connected and fixed to the top wall of the first chamber 11. Thus, before the piston 20 cuts the weak area 322, one end of the elastic member 40 is in contact with the bottom of the first receiving groove 22. During the movement of the piston 20 in the second direction Y, one end of the elastic member 40 disengages from the bottom of the first receiving groove 22 and protrudes outside the bottom of the first receiving groove 22.

[0089] The first receiving groove 22 can accommodate a portion of the elastic member 40. For example, when the elastic member 40 is in a compressed state, it can be entirely or partially contained within the first receiving groove 22. Before the piston 20 cuts off the weak area 322, the elastic member 40 can reduce or eliminate the gap between the cutting part 21 and the weak area 322. Simultaneously, it can reduce the distance between the end of the ignition device 50 facing the piston 20 and the top surface of the piston 20, allowing the high-pressure gas generated when the ignition device 50 explodes to act on the top surface of the piston 20 more quickly. This increases the driving force and acceleration of the piston 20 at the moment of its movement, increasing the piston 20's movement speed and achieving ultra-fast movement. Furthermore, the first receiving groove 22 can limit the elastic member 40 in its compressed state, effectively preventing lateral bending.

[0090] For example, the top wall of the first chamber 11 is provided with a second receiving groove 13, which communicates with the first chamber 11 and is used to receive the other end of the elastic member 40. In this embodiment, one end of the elastic member 40 can be connected and fixed to the top surface of the piston 20, and the other end of the elastic member 40 can move relative to the bottom of the second receiving groove 13. That is, before the piston 20 cuts the weak area 322, the other end of the elastic member 40 is in contact with the bottom of the second receiving groove 13. During the movement of the piston 20 along the second direction Y toward the conductive bus 30, the other end of the elastic member 40 will detach from the bottom of the second receiving groove 13 and be exposed outside the second receiving groove 13. There is a gap between the other end of the elastic member 40 and the bottom of the second receiving groove 13. One end of the elastic element 40 is fixedly mounted on the piston 20, eliminating the need to extend it into the first chamber 11 to connect and fix the other end of the elastic element 40 to the bottom of the second receiving groove 13. This reduces assembly difficulty. Furthermore, when the connected and fixed elastic element 40 and piston 20 are installed as a whole in the first chamber 11, the elastic element 40 can be positioned by the second receiving groove 13. It is understood that in other embodiments, one end of the elastic element 40 can move relative to the top surface of the piston 20, while the other end of the elastic element 40 is fixed within the bottom of the second receiving groove 13.

[0091] The second receiving groove 13 can accommodate a portion of the elastic member 40. For example, when the elastic member 40 is in a compressed state, it can be entirely or partially contained within the second receiving groove 13. Before the piston 20 cuts off the weak area 322, the elastic member 40 can reduce or eliminate the gap between the cutting part 21 and the weak area 322. Simultaneously, it can reduce the distance between the end of the ignition device 50 facing the piston 20 and the top surface of the piston 20, allowing the high-pressure gas generated when the ignition device 50 explodes to act on the top surface of the piston 20 more quickly. This increases the driving force and acceleration of the piston 20 at the moment of its movement, increasing the piston 20's movement speed and achieving ultra-fast movement. Furthermore, the second receiving groove 13 can limit the elastic member 40 in its compressed state, effectively preventing lateral bending.

[0092] In an embodiment where the top surface of the piston 20 is provided with a first receiving groove 22 and the top wall of the first chamber 11 is provided with a second receiving groove 13, a portion of the elastic member 40 in a compressed state is housed in the first receiving groove 22, and another portion of the elastic member 40 in a compressed state is housed in the second receiving groove 13. The position on the top surface of the piston 20 without the first receiving groove 22 can contact the position on the first chamber 11 without the second receiving groove 13, making the distance between the end of the igniter 50 toward the piston 20 and the top surface of the piston 20 potentially small. Under the same energy, the driving force of the piston 20 at the moment of action is increased, thereby further shortening the disconnection time of the conductive busbar 30.

[0093] Guide posts 23 are provided in the first receiving groove 22 and / or the second receiving groove 13, for example, Figure 6 As shown, a guide post 23 is provided in the first receiving groove 22. The dimension of the guide post 23 along the second direction Y is greater than the depth of the first receiving groove 22. Before the piston 20 cuts the weak area 322, a part of the guide post 23 is located in the first receiving groove 22, and the other part of the guide post 23 is located in the second receiving groove 13. The axial direction of the guide post 23 is the second direction Y. An elastic member 40 surrounds the guide post 23, so that the elastic member 40 can move linearly along the axis of the guide post 23, reducing or avoiding lateral bending of the elastic member 40.

[0094] The piston 20 is made of a material with high hardness and toughness. Driven by the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 50, the piston 20 moves along the side wall of the first chamber 11 toward the conductive busbar 30 and cuts through the weak area 322. A sealing rubber ring is provided between the piston 20 and the side wall of the first chamber 11 to improve the sealing fit between the two and reduce or prevent the high-pressure gas in the first chamber 11 from leaking into the conductive busbar 30 through the gap between the piston 20 and the side wall of the first chamber 11.

[0095] Please continue reading. Figure 6 The piston 20 includes a head 24 and a cutting portion 21 connected to each other. The head 24 is fitted against the side wall of the first chamber 11, and a sealing rubber ring may be provided between the head 24 and the top wall of the first chamber 11. The cutting portion 21 is located at one end of the head 24 facing the conductive busbar 30 in the second direction Y, and the cutting portion 21 and the head 24 are integrally formed. The high-pressure gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 50 acts on the head 24 and pushes the head 24 to move, thereby causing the cutting portion 21 to move towards the conductive busbar 30, so that the cutting portion 21 cuts the weak area 322.

[0096] For example, the top surface of the piston 20 is provided with a recess 25, which is arranged at intervals with the first receiving groove 22. The recess 25 accommodates part of the ignition device 50. In this way, the recess 25 and the ignition device 50 form an ignition chamber, so that the high-pressure gas generated at the moment of the explosion of the ignition device 50 is concentrated in the recess 25. Thus, the driving force of the ignition device 50 acting on the piston 20 at the moment of the explosion is concentrated at the recess 25, which enables the piston 20 to move quickly, reduces the action delay, shortens the break time, and ensures that the gas pressure can act quickly and evenly on the top surface of the piston 20, so that the piston 20 can accelerate smoothly.

[0097] The edge of the recess 25 can be circular or arc-shaped, which helps to increase the driving force in the second direction Y at the moment of detonation and reduce the component force generated in the direction perpendicular to the second direction Y at the moment of detonation, thereby reducing the impact on the action speed and detonation efficiency. In other embodiments, the edge of the recess 25 can also be rectangular.

[0098] The top surface of the piston 20 is the surface of the head 24 that is away from the cut-off portion 21 in the second direction Y. That is to say, the head 24 is provided with a first receiving groove 22 and a recess 25, and the elastic member 40 is provided between the head 24 and the top wall of the first chamber 11.

[0099] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a piston 20 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 for Figure 3 Enlarged view at point B. The cutting section 21 has a boss 211 on its end face facing the conductive busbar 30 in the second direction Y. That is, the end face of the cutting section 21 away from the head 24 has a boss 211. The boss 211 and the weak area 322 are directly opposite each other in the second direction Y. Before the cutting section 21 cuts the weak area 322, the boss 211 is located within the notch 321 and contacts the weak area 322. The size of the boss 211 along the first direction X is smaller than the size of the cutting section 21 along the second direction Y. The boss 211 is adapted to the notch 321, and at least a portion of the boss 211 is housed within the notch 321. For example, the entire boss 211 is housed within the notch 321, and the outer peripheral surface of the boss 211 contacts the wall surface of the notch 321 to minimize the fitting gap between the cutting section 21 and the weak area 322, effectively improving the breaking speed of the piston 20. The notch 321, in conjunction with the boss 211, can effectively reduce the situation where the conductive busbar 30 fails to disconnect in time due to the stretching deformation caused by the ductility of the conductive busbar 30 at the moment of disconnection, thereby reducing the breaking force of the weak area 322 and thus effectively improving the disconnection speed.

[0100] For example, the boss 211 is V-shaped, and the notch 321 is also V-shaped. The V-shaped boss 211 and the V-shaped notch 321 match each other. This structural design can quickly separate the weak area 322 when the cutting part 21 is broken. Combined with the force applied by the elastic element 40 to the piston 20, the boss 211 and the weak area 322 come into contact, and the two are close to "0 fit".

[0101] For example, the end face of the cut-off portion 21 facing the conductive bus 30 in the second direction Y includes a slope 212. That is, the end face of the cut-off portion 21 away from the head 24 includes a slope 212. The slope 212 and the boss 211 are arranged along the first direction X. The slope 212 and a portion of the conductive bus 30 are disposed opposite each other in the second direction Y. The further the slope 212 is from the boss 211 in the first direction X, the greater the distance between the slope 212 and the top surface of the portion of the conductive bus 30 in the second direction Y. Since the boss 211 contacts the weak area 322, and there is a gap between the inclined surface 212 in the second direction Y and the top surface of this part of the conductive busbar 30, wherein the top surface of this part of the conductive busbar 30 is a plane, the boss 211 can contact the weak area 322 under the action of the elastic member 40 before the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322. The gap between the inclined surface 212 and the top surface of the conductive busbar 30 ensures that the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322 first, and breaks it quickly from the weak area 322 at the moment of breaking, and then squeezes other positions of the conductive busbar 30, reducing the pulling deformation of the conductive busbar 30 under the push of the piston 20, which can further improve the breaking speed.

[0102] Please combine Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a piston 20 according to an embodiment of this application. In one embodiment, in the second direction Y, the lowest point of the boss 211 is lower than the lowest point of the inclined surface 212. The lowest point of the boss 211 is closer to the conductive busbar 30 in the second direction Y than the lowest point of the inclined surface 212. The lowest point of the inclined surface 212 refers to the position of the inclined surface 212 closest to the top surface of the conductive busbar 30 in the second direction Y, and the lowest point of the boss 211 refers to the position of the boss 211 closest to the top surface of the conductive busbar 30 in the second direction Y. Thus, before the piston 20 cuts through the weak region 322, the boss 211 maintains contact with the weak region 322, and there is a gap between the inclined surface 212 and the part of the top surface of the conductive busbar 30 directly opposite it.

[0103] Please see Figures 7 to 9 The cutting portion 21 also includes a plane 213 on its end face facing the conductive busbar 30 in the second direction Y. In the first direction X, the plane 213 is located between the inclined surface 212 and the boss 211. The plane 213 is parallel to the top surface of the portion of the conductive busbar 30 that is directly opposite the inclined surface 212, and the plane 213 can contact the conductive busbar 30 directly opposite it. Thus, before the cutting portion 21 cuts the conductive busbar 30, since the elastic member 40 is in a compressed state and continuously applies a force toward the conductive busbar 30 to the piston 20, the plane 213 will abut against the top surface of the conductive busbar 30 directly opposite it and serve as the force point between the piston 20 and the conductive busbar 30. When the piston 20 cuts the conductive busbar 30, the plane 213 compresses the conductive busbar 30 and breaks it at the weak area 322.

[0104] like Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, for example, the boss 211 and the inclined surface 212 are arranged in the first direction X. The number of elastic elements 40 can be two. The two elastic elements 40 are arranged along the third direction Z. In this way, the piston 20 is subjected to force more evenly and stably, which can effectively reduce the possibility of the elastic elements 40 tilting when the piston 20 is under compression.

[0105] like Figure 9 As shown, the arrangement of the boss 211 and the inclined surface 212 makes the cutting part 21 have an asymmetrical structure in the first direction X. The side of the cutting part 21 closer to the weak area 322 is more convex. That is, the boss 211 is more convex in the second direction Y than the inclined surface 212, which is conducive to quickly forming an insulating narrow slit on the side of the boss 211 to quickly increase the initial arc voltage.

[0106] Please combine Figure 8 and Figure 9 The cutting portion 21 has an insulating side surface 214 perpendicular to the first direction X. In the first direction X, the insulating side surface 214 is located on the side of the boss 211 facing away from the inclined surface 212. The insulating side surface 214 extends along the second direction Y to the outer peripheral surface of the boss 211 on the side facing away from the inclined surface 212 in the first direction X. That is, the insulating side surface 214 and the outer peripheral surface of the boss 211 on the side facing away from the inclined surface 212 in the first direction X are located on the same vertical plane. This facilitates the rapid formation of an insulating narrow gap at the insulating side surface 214 and the outer peripheral surface of the boss 211 on the side facing away from the inclined surface 212 in the first direction X, thereby rapidly increasing the arc voltage at this insulating narrow gap. Furthermore, the insulating side surface 214 contacts the sidewall of the notch 321. Thus, when the cutting portion 21 cuts the weak area 322, the insulating side surface 214 can be located as close as possible to the same vertical plane as the break point, which facilitates the rapid formation of the insulating narrow gap to quickly increase the initial arc voltage and improve the arc voltage build-up speed to reduce the current limiting time.

[0107] The piston 20 has an air passage 26 that extends through the piston 20 along the second direction Y, that is, the air passage 26 extends through the top and bottom surfaces of the piston 20 along the second direction Y. Specifically, the air passage 26 extends through the head 24 and the cutting part 21, and the air passage 26 is connected to the first chamber 11. By providing the air passage 26 on the piston 20, after the piston 20 breaks the conductive busbar 30, the high-pressure gas generated by the ignition device 50 blows the arc away from the conductive busbar 30 more quickly through the air passage 26, thereby increasing the initial arc voltage at the time of breaking and achieving the effect of quickly limiting the short-circuit current and quickly extinguishing the arc. In addition, the high-pressure gas can also flow out of the first chamber 11 through the air passage 26, which can accelerate the current limiting while reducing the pressure inside the circuit breaker 1000 and reducing the risk of damage to the circuit breaker 1000.

[0108] For example, the gas passage 26 includes a first segment 261 and a second segment 262 that are connected. The first segment 261 and the second segment 262 are arranged along the second direction Y. The first segment 261 is connected to the first chamber 11. That is to say, before the piston 20 cuts off the conductive busbar 30, in the second direction Y, the first segment 261 is farther away from the conductive busbar 30 than the second segment 262. The second segment 262 is located between the first segment 261 and the conductive busbar 30. After the high-pressure gas generated by the explosion of the ignition device 50 enters the first chamber 11, the high-pressure gas in the first chamber 11 first enters the first segment 261, then flows through the first segment 261 into the second segment 262, and is discharged from the piston 20 through the second segment 262 and blown towards the conductive busbar 30. In this design, the diameter of the first segment 261 is smaller than that of the second segment 262. The radial direction of the air passage 26 is perpendicular to the second direction Y. The smaller diameter of the first segment 261 compared to the second segment 262 effectively prevents excessively rapid depressurization of the detonation pressure at the moment of ignition, thus preventing a slowdown in the piston 20's movement. This reduces the impact of pressure relief on the piston 20's movement before it cuts off the conductive busbar 30. The larger diameter of the second segment 262 allows for rapid depressurization of the high-pressure gas after the piston 20 cuts off the conductive busbar 30, while also enhancing the arc-extinguishing effect of the gas blowout. Furthermore, the different diameters of the first and second segments 261 facilitate the machining of the air passage 26 within the piston 20.

[0109] For example, the dimension of the first segment 261 along the second direction Y is greater than the dimension of the second segment 262 along the second direction Y. That is, in the second direction Y, the first segment 261 is longer than the second segment 262, so as to effectively reduce the impact of the detonation pressure relief caused by the setting of the gas passage 26 at the moment of detonation on the action speed of the piston 20. In other embodiments, the dimension of the first segment 261 along the second direction Y may be less than or equal to the dimension of the second segment 262 along the second direction Y.

[0110] like Figure 6 As shown, for example, the piston 20 also includes two buffer arms 27. Both buffer arms 27 are located at the end of the head 24 where the cut-off portion 21 is located in the second direction Y. The two buffer arms 27 are located on opposite sides of the cut-off portion 21; for example, the two buffer arms 27 are located on opposite sides of the cut-off portion 21 in the third direction Z. The dimension of each buffer arm 27 in the second direction Y is larger than the dimension of the cut-off portion 21 in the second direction Y. The two buffer arms 27 are used to buffer the piston 20 after the cut-off portion 21 cuts the conductive busbar 30, reducing the speed of the piston 20 after cutting the conductive busbar 30, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the piston 20.

[0111] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conductive busbar 30 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 11This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of a circuit breaker 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. The conductive busbar 30 includes a current-carrying body 31 and a breaking section 32. The current-carrying body 31 and the breaking section 32 are arranged along a first direction X. For example, both ends of the breaking section 32 along the first direction X are connected to the current-carrying body 31. The breaking section 32 and the piston 20 are arranged opposite each other in a second direction Y. The orthographic projection of the breaking section 32 in the second direction Y falls on the orthographic projection of the piston 20 in the second direction Y. The breaking section 32 is provided with a notch 321 and a weak area 322. The maximum dimension of the breaking section 32 in the second direction Y is smaller than the dimension of the current-carrying body 31 in the second direction Y. Thus, the piston 20 breaks the smaller portion of the conductive busbar 30 in the second direction Y. The current-carrying body 31 satisfies the actual current-carrying requirements of the circuit breaker 1000; that is, the cross-section and dimension of the current-carrying body 31 in the second direction Y meet the current-carrying requirements.

[0112] Please combine them together Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of a circuit breaker 1000 according to an embodiment of this application, showing the piston 20 cutting off the conductive busbar 30. The bottom surface of the conductive busbar 30 has a groove 323. For example, the bottom surface of the cutting portion 32 also has a groove 323; that is, the opening of the groove 323 faces away from the first chamber 11 in the second direction Y. The groove 323 is formed by recessing from the bottom surface of the cutting portion 32 towards the first chamber 11, and the depth of the groove 323 in the second direction Y is less than the dimension of the cutting portion 32 in the second direction Y. A bending portion 324 is provided between the groove 323 and the weak area 322 in the first direction X. After the cutting portion 21 cuts the weak area 322, the bending portion 324 can bend around the bottom of the groove 323 towards the side away from the first chamber 11 under the action of the cutting portion 21. In this design, the bottom of the groove 323 is smaller in the second direction Y than the weak area 322 in the second direction Y. The groove 323 and the notch 321 are located on opposite sides of the bent portion 324 in the first direction X. The notch 321 is directly opposite the boss 211. This design ensures that the piston 20 preferentially cuts the weak area 322 when moving towards the conductive busbar 30. After cutting the weak area 322, the bent portion 324 separates from it. The groove 323 allows the bent portion 324 to bend away from the first chamber 11 under the pressure of the cutting portion 21 after separation. The bending center is the bottom of the groove 323, preventing delayed breakage due to deformation and pulling. Furthermore, the groove 323 is located on the bottom surface of the conductive busbar 30. When the bent portion 324 bends away from the first chamber 11, it reduces bending resistance, achieving a fixed-point bend in the bent portion 324.

[0113] Among them, such as Figure 11As shown, before the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322, the bending part 324 and the inclined surface 212 are arranged opposite each other in the second direction Y. The further the inclined surface 212 is from the boss 211 in the first direction X, the greater the distance between the inclined surface 212 and the surface of the bending part 324 facing the first chamber 11 in the second direction Y. Before the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322, the boss 211 is in contact with the weak area 322, while the inclined surface 212 and the bending part 324 have a gap in the second direction Y. This ensures that the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322 first, and breaks it quickly from the weak area 322 at the moment of breaking. Then, the inclined surface 212 squeezes the bending part 324, and the bending part 324 can move in an arc around the bottom of the groove 323. This reduces the pulling and deformation of the conductive busbar 30 under the push of the piston 20, and can further improve the breaking speed.

[0114] The bottom surface of the conductive busbar 30 is provided with a receiving groove 325. For example, the bottom surface of the break portion 32 is provided with a receiving groove 325. The opening of the receiving groove 325 faces away from the first chamber 11 in the second direction Y. The receiving groove 325 is formed by recessing from the bottom surface of the break portion 32 facing the first chamber 11. The depth of the receiving groove 325 in the second direction Y is less than the size of the break portion 32 in the second direction Y. The receiving groove 325 and the groove 323 are arranged at intervals in the first direction X. A part of the receiving groove 325 is directly opposite the weak area 322 in the second direction Y. The other part of the receiving groove 325 is located on the side of the part of the receiving groove 325 away from the groove 323 in the first direction X. That is to say, a part of the receiving groove 325 is closer to the groove 323 in the first direction X than the other part of the receiving groove 325. It is understood that the weak area 322 constitutes part of the bottom of the receiving groove 325. At this time, the weak area 322 is provided with a notch 321 and part of the receiving groove 325 on opposite sides in the second direction Y, which can further reduce the size of the weak area 322 in the second direction Y, so that the cutting part 21 can quickly cut the weak area 322 and shorten the cutting time.

[0115] like Figure 12As shown, in one embodiment, there are multiple weak zones 322, which are arranged at intervals along the first direction X. Since each weak zone 322 is disposed on a breaking section 32, and there are also multiple breaking sections 32, these sections are arranged at intervals along the first direction X. A current-carrying body 31 connects adjacent breaking sections 32, so that a closed loop is formed in the circuit containing the circuit breaker 1000 through the conductive busbar 30 before the circuit breaker 1000 is disconnected. Each weak zone 322 is positioned opposite a piston 20 in the second direction Y, and each piston 20 is housed within a first chamber 11. That is, there are also multiple pistons 20 and multiple first chambers 11, the number of which is the same as the number of weak zones 322. Thus, each weak zone 322 is broken by a piston 20, and each piston 20 is placed separately in a different first chamber 11, ensuring that different pistons 20 do not interfere with each other, and that each piston 20 can quickly cut off the corresponding weak zone 322. It is understandable that each piston 20 is equipped with an ignition device 50. When an abnormal voltage or current occurs in the circuit where the circuit breaker 1000 is located, multiple pistons 20 can be controlled to simultaneously cut off the corresponding weak area 322, which can more quickly increase the arc voltage to achieve the purpose of rapid current limiting. At the same time, it can achieve a faster arc extinguishing effect.

[0116] like Figure 12 As shown, there are two weak zones 322, which are spaced apart along the first direction X. Each weak zone 322 coincides with the orthographic projection of the corresponding piston 20 in the second direction Y. Thus, when both pistons 20 move towards the conductive bus 30 along the second direction Y, the pistons 20 can precisely cut off the corresponding weak zone 322, achieving simultaneous interruption, thereby rapidly increasing the arc voltage, achieving rapid current limiting, and more quickly interrupting the short-circuit current. In other embodiments, the number of weak zones 322 can be three or more, specifically determined according to the dimensions of the conductive bus 30 in the first direction X.

[0117] Please see Figure 13 and Figure 14 , Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the conductive busbar 30 and the insulating frame 60 from one perspective, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 14 for Figure 11Enlarged view at point C. The circuit breaker 1000 also includes an insulating frame 60, which encloses a portion of the conductive busbar 30. For example, the insulating frame 60 encloses a portion of the current-carrying body 31, providing insulation and protection for the current-carrying body 31. The insulating frame 60 has a through hole 61, which accommodates a weak area 322. The weak area 322 is located near the inner wall of the through hole 61 in the first direction X. Specifically, "the weak area 322 is located near the inner wall of the through hole 61 in the first direction X" means that the weak area 322 is located between the centerline of the break portion 32 within the through hole 61 in the first direction X and the inner wall of the through hole 61. For example, the weak area 322 can be located at the position of the break portion 32 within the through hole 61 closest to the inner wall of the through hole 61 in the first direction X. Figure 14 As shown, the inner side of the notch 321 near the inner wall of the through hole 61 in the first direction X is on the same vertical plane as the inner wall of the through hole 61. Thus, when the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322, the fracture formed at the weak area 322 is as close as possible to the inner wall of the through hole 61, so that the gap between the cutting part 21 and the inner wall of the through hole 61 in the first direction X can quickly form an insulating narrow gap, pulling the arc into the insulating narrow gap, thereby rapidly increasing the arc voltage and achieving the effect of quickly limiting the short-circuit current and quickly extinguishing the arc.

[0118] like Figure 14 As shown, in one embodiment, the insulating frame 60 also covers a portion of the break portion 32. After the break portion 21 cuts the weak area 322, in order to form an insulating slit with the smallest possible size in the first direction X between the break portion 21 and the inner wall of the through hole 61, the weak area 322 is directly connected to the break portion 32 covered by the insulating frame 60.

[0119] Please combine Figure 14 and Figure 15 , Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the conductive busbar 30 and the insulating frame 60 from another perspective, provided in an embodiment of this application. For example, a portion of the sidewall of the through-hole 61 extends into another portion of the receiving groove 325; that is, the other portion of the receiving groove 325 contains a portion with the sidewall of the through-hole 61. Since the sidewall of the through-hole 61 is a component of the insulating frame 60, when the cutting portion 21 cuts the weak area 322, an insulating narrow gap can be quickly formed between the cutting portion 21 and the sidewall of the through-hole 61 in the other portion of the receiving groove 325. After the piston 20 cuts the weak area 322, the piston 20 continues to move, continuously elongating the arc generated at the break point of the weak area 322 and drawing the arc into the insulating narrow gap between the outer circumference of the piston 20 and the sidewall of the through-hole 61 in the other portion of the receiving groove 325 for cooling. This increases the arc voltage at the moment of disconnection, further improving the current limiting effect.

[0120] The sidewall of the through hole 61 protrudes along the first direction X, forming a protrusion 62. The protrusion 62 is located on the side of the conductive busbar 30 facing away from the first chamber 11 in the second direction Y. Part of the protrusion 62 is received in another part of the receiving groove 325. That is, the sidewall of the through hole 61 located in the other part of the receiving groove 325 is the protrusion 62. The insulating plastic surface 621 of the protrusion 62 in the first direction X contacts the insulating side surface 214, and an insulating narrow gap is quickly formed between them. For example, Figure 14 As shown, the insulating plastic surface 621 and the notch 321 are on the same vertical plane near the inner surface of the protrusion 62 in the first direction X.

[0121] Please see Figure 16 , Figure 16 for Figure 12 Enlarged view at point D. In one embodiment, after the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322, the insulating side 214 of the cutting part 21 contacts the inner wall of the through hole 61 in the receiving groove 325. That is, the insulating side 214 contacts the side wall of the through hole 61 in another part of the receiving groove 325, specifically, the insulating side 214 contacts the insulating plastic surface 621 of the protrusion 62. Due to the machining tolerances and assembly tolerances of the piston 20 and the insulating frame 60, there will be a micro-gap between the insulating side 214 and the inner wall of the through hole 61 in the receiving groove 325. This micro-gap can form an insulating slit, and the electric arc generated at the break point of the weak area 322 is pulled into the insulating slit, thereby increasing the arc voltage at the moment of disconnection and further improving the current limiting effect.

[0122] In addition, since the outer peripheral surface of the insulating side 214 and the boss 211 on the side away from the inclined surface 212 in the first direction X is located on the same vertical plane, when the boss 211 cuts the weak area 322, an insulating narrow gap is quickly formed between the insulating side 214 and the inner wall of the through hole 61 at the receiving groove 325. Compared with introducing the arc into the air to extinguish the arc, the insulating narrow gap is introduced at the moment of disconnection, which can effectively increase the initial arc voltage and increase the arc voltage establishment speed to reduce the current limiting time.

[0123] Please see Figure 16 and Figure 17 , Figure 17This is a cross-sectional view of a circuit breaker 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application, showing the piston 20 cutting off the conductive busbar 30 and located at the through hole 61. For example, the inner wall of the through hole 61 is provided with a rib 63, which is located on the side of the conductive busbar 30 facing the first chamber 11 in the second direction Y. After the cutting portion 21 cuts off the weak area 322, a portion of the piston 20 is received within the through hole 61 and contacts the rib 63. Specifically, after the piston 20 cuts off the weak area 322, the head 24 of the piston 20 is located within the through hole 61, and the head 24 contacts the rib 63 within the through hole 61. Multiple ribs 63 can be located at the same height in the second direction Y. After the cutting section 21 cuts the weak area 322, the piston 20 will continue to move along the second direction Y. When the piston 20 moves to contact the rib 63, the piston 20 and the inner wall of the through hole 61 change from surface contact to dispersed point contact, which effectively reduces the local pressure of the piston 20, increases the resistance when the piston 20 moves, buffers and decelerates the piston 20, reduces the impact force after the piston 20 is cut, and reduces the risk of the piston 20 breaking and being damaged.

[0124] Please return to the reference. Figure 13 In one embodiment, the inner wall of the through hole 61 protrudes from the upper surface of the insulating frame 60 in the second direction Y. The upper surface of the insulating frame 60 faces the first chamber 11 in the second direction Y. The protruding part of the inner wall of the through hole 61 forms a convex ring 64. The convex ring 64 makes it easier for the piston 20 to enter the through hole 61 when it moves in the second direction Y.

[0125] Please combine Figure 13 and Figure 14For example, the inner wall of the through hole 61 has two protruding support portions 65, which are spaced apart in the first direction X to expose the bent portion 324 and the weak area 322. That is, the bent portion 324 and the weak area 322 are provided between the two support portions 65, so that the cutting portion 21 is directly opposite the bent portion 324 and the weak area 322 in the second direction Y. When the cutting portion 21 moves towards the conductive busbar 30 in the second direction Y, it can be unobstructed by the two support portions 65. After passing through the gap between the two support portions 65, the cutting portion 21 directly cuts the weak area 322 and squeezes the bent portion 324. The two support portions 65 are closer to the conductive busbar 30 than the rib 63 in the second direction Y. After the cutting portion 21 cuts the weak area 322, the two support portions 65 partially contact the piston 20. After the cutting section 21 cuts through the weak area 322 and compresses the bent section 324, the two spaced-apart support sections 65 can better support the head 24, thus allowing it to be accommodated within the through hole 61 under the constraint of the two support sections 65. Furthermore, the arrangement of the rib 63 and the two support sections 65 ensures that after the cutting section 21 cuts through the weak area 322 and compresses the bent section 324, the head 24 first contacts the rib 63 for cushioning before contacting the two support sections 65, thereby reducing the impact of the piston 20 on the two support sections 65 and reducing the risk of damage to the two support sections 65.

[0126] In addition, the arrangement direction of the two support parts 65 and the two buffer arms 27 ( Figure 9 The arrangement directions are different (as shown). For example, the two support parts 65 are arranged along the first direction X, and the two buffer arms 27 are arranged along the third direction Z. In this way, when the piston 20 moves along the second direction Y toward the conductive bar 30, the two buffer arms 27 will not be blocked by the two support parts 65.

[0127] like Figure 14 As shown, for example, one of the support portions 65 is disposed opposite to the groove 323 in the second direction Y. The orthographic projection of the support portion 65 in the second direction Y covers the groove 323. A bending portion 324 and a weak area 322 are provided between the two support portions 65. When the cutting portion 21 moves toward the weak area 322 and the bending portion 324, the cutting portion 21 applies an impact force to the weak area 322 and the bending portion 324. Since the orthographic projection of one of the support portions 65 in the second direction Y covers the groove 323, the cutting portion 21 will not apply an impact force to the bottom of the groove 323, ensuring that the cutting portion 21 preferentially cuts the weak area 322 and makes the bending portion 324 move in an arc around the bottom of the groove 323.

[0128] like Figure 14As shown, another support 65 is positioned opposite another part of the receiving groove 325 in the second direction Y. That is, the orthogonal projection of the support 65 in the second direction Y covers the other part of the receiving groove 325. Specifically, the side of the support 65 above the receiving groove 325 facing the groove 323 in the first direction X and the inner wall of the through hole 61 in the other part of the receiving groove 325 are on the same vertical plane. Before the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322, the insulating side 214 of the cutting part 21 contacts the side of the support 65 above the receiving groove 325. The gap between the insulating side 214 and the side of the support 65 above the receiving groove 325, combined with the insulating narrow gap between the insulating side 214 and the side wall of the through hole 61 in the receiving groove 325, extends the size of the insulating narrow gap in the second direction Y, thereby elongating the electric arc generated at the break of the weak area 322. The elongation trajectory of the electric arc is as follows: Figure 16 As shown by the thick gray lines, this increases the arc voltage, making it more difficult for the arc to burn, thereby achieving the effects of rapid current limiting and rapid arc extinguishing.

[0129] like Figure 16 As shown, the support portion 65 and the protrusion 62 located above the receiving groove 325 are arranged opposite each other in the second direction Y, and the portion of the break portion 32 is wrapped between them, so that the break portion 32 is tightly pressed by the support portion 65 and the protrusion 62. When the cutting portion 21 moves toward the weak area 322, the weak area 322 is quickly separated from the pressed break portion 32, shortening the breaking time.

[0130] like Figure 17 As shown, when there are multiple weak areas 322, each weak area 322 is housed in a through hole 61. That is, multiple through holes 61 are also formed on the insulating frame 60. The number of through holes 61 is the same as the number of weak areas 322, so that after each weak area 322 is broken, the piston 20 corresponding to the weak area 322 can form an insulating narrow gap with the inner wall of the corresponding through hole 61 to increase the arc voltage at the break of each weak area 322 and improve the current limiting effect.

[0131] It should be noted that when there are multiple weak areas 322, the side wall structure of the through hole 61 corresponding to the weak area 322, the structure of the corresponding segment 32, and the structure of the corresponding piston 20 are all the same as the corresponding structures described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0132] In one embodiment, the insulating frame 60 and the conductive busbar 30 are integrally formed, which reduces assembly steps and eliminates gaps between the insulating frame 60 and the conductive busbar 30, ensuring the insulation performance of the conductive busbar 30 enclosed by the insulating frame 60.

[0133] Please see Figure 18 , Figure 18 for Figure 17Enlarged view at point E. The circuit breaker 1000 also includes an arc-extinguishing chamber 70, located on the side of the conductive busbar 30 away from the upper housing 10. The arc-extinguishing chamber 70 and the first chamber 11 are positioned opposite each other in the second direction Y. After the piston 20 cuts the weak section 322, the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 contains a portion of the piston 20, and the inner wall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 is in contact with the piston 20. The arc-extinguishing chamber 70 is used to extinguish the arc generated at the break point of the weak section 322. After the cutting section 21 cuts through the weak area 322, a portion of the cutting section 21 is housed within the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. An insulating narrow gap is also formed between the cutting section 21 and the side wall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. For example, an insulating narrow gap is formed between the insulating side surface 214 and the side wall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. Thus, the arc generated at the break point of the weak area 322 is continuously elongated and drawn into the insulating narrow gap between the insulating side surface 214 and the side wall of the through hole 61 in the receiving groove 325 (such as the insulating plastic surface 621). It is then further drawn into the insulating narrow gap between the insulating side surface 214 and the side of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 for cooling, accelerating the dissipation of arc energy and allowing the arc to cool rapidly within the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. The trajectory of the arc is as follows: Figure 17 As shown by the thick gray lines in the image.

[0134] like Figure 18 As shown, in one embodiment, the sidewall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 contacts the lower surface of the insulating frame 60, that is, the top surface of the sidewall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 contacts the protrusion 62, and the inner wall surface of the sidewall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 and the insulating plastic surface 621 of the protrusion 62 are on the same vertical plane. Thus, when the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322 and continues to move towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 70, the arc is elongated by the insulating narrow gap between the insulating plastic surface 621 and the insulating side surface 214, and is continuously pulled into the insulating narrow gap between the insulating side surface 214 and the sidewall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 for cooling, which quickly increases the arc voltage and enhances the arc-extinguishing capability, preventing the arc from flowing to other places due to the gap between the top surface of the sidewall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 and the protrusion 62 in the second direction Y.

[0135] Because the piston 20 is provided with a through air passage 26, and the air passage 26 is connected to the first chamber 11, when part of the piston 20 is housed in the arc-extinguishing chamber 70, the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 is connected to the air passage 26. When the cutting part 21 cuts the weak area 322 and the bending part 324 is squeezed and bent towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 70, the high-pressure gas in the first chamber 11 blows the arc generated at the break point towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 through the air passage 26, which can effectively improve the arc voltage build-up speed, thereby increasing the arc voltage during the breaking process and reducing the action time. In addition, the high-pressure gas in the first chamber 11 can be blown into the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 through the air passage 26, reducing the air pressure in the first chamber 11 after breaking and reducing the risk of damage to the circuit breaker 1000.

[0136] Specifically, the second section 262 of the air passage 26 is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. Since the diameter of the second section 262 is larger than that of the first section 261, the high-pressure gas flow rate in the second section 262 is greater. A large amount of high-pressure gas blows the arc at the break point into the arc-extinguishing chamber 70, which can effectively increase the arc voltage during the breaking process and increase the effect of gas blowing to extinguish the arc. At the same time, it allows the high-pressure gas to be quickly discharged into the arc-extinguishing chamber 70, accelerating the depressurization speed.

[0137] For example, the circuit breaker 1000 also includes a first flame extinguishing mesh 80, which is housed within the arc extinguishing chamber 70. The first flame extinguishing mesh 80 and the piston 20 are positioned opposite each other in the second direction Y. The first flame extinguishing mesh 80 can be made of foam metal. For example, if the first flame extinguishing mesh 80 is made of wire mesh, the arc generated at the weak point 322 will be drawn towards the arc extinguishing chamber 70 under the electromagnetic attraction of the first flame extinguishing mesh 80, jumping towards the first flame extinguishing mesh 80 to form a larger arc voltage. This accelerates the dissipation of arc energy, allowing the arc to cool down rapidly. In addition, the first flame extinguishing mesh 80 housed within the arc extinguishing chamber 70 improves the arc extinguishing capability of the circuit breaker 1000 without increasing its volume.

[0138] like Figure 18 As shown, for example, when part of the piston 20 is housed within the arc-extinguishing chamber 70, the piston 20 contacts the first flame-extinguishing mesh 80, which is in a compressed state. After the piston 20 cuts off the conductive busbar 30, it continues to move towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 and applies pressure to the first flame-extinguishing mesh 80, causing the first flame-extinguishing mesh 80 to deform and become stuck between the piston 20 and the side wall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. This buffers the speed at which the piston 20 moves towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 70, reducing the speed of the piston 20's rapid movement and trapping it within the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. This reduces the impact force on the piston 20, reduces the possibility of the piston 20 breaking, and reduces or prevents the piston 20 from rebounding towards the first chamber 11 due to a reverse force.

[0139] In addition, the two buffer arms 27 of the piston 20 ( Figure 9 As shown, the dimension of the cut-off portion 21 in the second direction Y is larger than that of the cut-off portion 21 in the second direction Y. When the piston 20 moves toward the arc-extinguishing chamber 70, the two buffer arms 27 enter the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 faster than the cut-off portion 21 and come into contact with the first flame-extinguishing net 80 in the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. This buffers the piston 20 and initially reduces the speed of the piston 20. As a result, the cut-off portion 21 that comes into contact with the first flame-extinguishing net 80 later is subjected to a smaller impact force, reducing the possibility of the cut-off portion 21 breaking.

[0140] Please see Figure 17 and Figure 18The circuit breaker 1000 also includes a lower housing 90, which is located on the side of the conductive busbar 30 opposite to the upper housing 10. The lower housing 90 houses the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 and the first flame-extinguishing mesh 80. Specifically, the lower housing 90 forms an arc-extinguishing space 91, within which the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 and the first flame-extinguishing mesh 80 are disposed. The lower housing 90 is connected and fixed to the first flame-extinguishing mesh 80, ensuring that the first flame-extinguishing mesh 80 is positioned within the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. When the piston 20 impacts the first flame-extinguishing mesh 80, the possibility of the first flame-extinguishing mesh 80 deviating or rebounding within the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 is reduced.

[0141] The arc-extinguishing chamber 70 has an arc-spraying port 71, which connects the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 and the arc-extinguishing space 91. When the piston 20 compresses the first flame-extinguishing mesh 80 inside the arc-extinguishing chamber 70, the electric arc generated at the fracture point of the weak zone 322 is accompanied by high-temperature ionized gas. After entering the arc-extinguishing chamber 70, the high-temperature ionized gas is ejected from the arc-spraying port 71 to the outside of the arc-extinguishing space 91. The airflow direction of the high-temperature ionized gas... Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown by the thick black lines in the image.

[0142] The circuit breaker 1000 also includes a second flame extinguishing mesh 100, which is housed within the lower casing 90. The second flame extinguishing mesh 100 is positioned opposite the arc nozzle 71 in the first direction X, meaning it is positioned opposite the arc extinguishing chamber 70 in the first direction X. The second flame extinguishing mesh 100 can be made of foam metal. For example, if the second flame extinguishing mesh 100 is made of wire mesh, it can magnetically attract the electric arc ejected from the arc nozzle 71. The high-temperature ionized gas generated by the arc comes into full contact with the second flame extinguishing mesh 100 from the arc nozzle 71 and is rapidly cooled by the second flame extinguishing mesh 100, further accelerating the cooling of the arc. In addition, the high-pressure gas in the first chamber 11 enters the arc extinguishing chamber 70 through the air passage 26, blowing the high-temperature ionized gas in the arc extinguishing chamber 70 toward the arc nozzle 71. The high-pressure gas and the high-temperature ionized gas are sprayed from the arc nozzle 71 toward the second flame extinguishing mesh 100, preventing the ejected high-temperature ionized gas from flowing back into the arc extinguishing chamber 70.

[0143] Furthermore, the insulating side 214 of both the arc nozzle 71 and the cutting section 21 faces the second flame extinguishing net 100 in the first direction X. In this way, the high-temperature free gas between the insulating side 214 and the side wall of the arc extinguishing chamber 70 can quickly pass through the arc nozzle 71 and be sprayed along the first direction X to one side of the second flame extinguishing net 100 in the shortest path, thereby accelerating the cooling of the electric arc and improving the arc extinguishing effect.

[0144] The second flame extinguishing net 100 can be installed close to the side wall of the arc nozzle 71. Furthermore, part of the first flame extinguishing net 80 extends to the arc nozzle 71 so that the first flame extinguishing net 80 contacts the second flame extinguishing net 100. In this way, the electric arc ejected from the arc extinguishing chamber 70 directly contacts the second flame extinguishing net 100 and enters the second flame extinguishing net 100, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the electric arc.

[0145] Please see Figure 19 , Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow direction in the lower shell 90 of a circuit breaker 1000 according to an embodiment of this application. For example, the second flame extinguishing mesh 100 forms an arc extinguishing chamber 101, which has an opening 102 facing the arc nozzle 71, connecting the arc nozzle 71 and the arc extinguishing chamber 101. The second flame extinguishing mesh 100 can be a semi-enclosed structure, forming an arc extinguishing chamber 101 with the opening 102. Thus, the high-temperature ionized gas ejected from the arc nozzle 71 can directly enter the arc extinguishing chamber 101 through the opening 102 and fully contact the sidewalls of the arc extinguishing chamber 101. The arc extinguishing chamber 101 has two sidewalls opposite each other along the third direction Z and a sidewall facing the opening 102 along the first direction X. The high-temperature ionized gas in the arc extinguishing chamber 101 can contact multiple sidewalls, increasing the contact area between the arc and the second flame extinguishing mesh 100, achieving rapid arc extinguishing. The airflow direction of the high-temperature ionized gas from the arc extinguishing chamber 70 to the second flame extinguishing mesh 100 is as follows: Figure 19 As shown by the thick black arrow in the image.

[0146] The high-temperature free gas entering the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 is cooled by contact with the side wall of the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 and the first flame-extinguishing net 80 inside the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. Then it is ejected from the arc-spraying port 71 into the arc-extinguishing cavity 101 of the second flame-extinguishing net 100 outside the arc-extinguishing chamber 70. After being cooled by the side wall of the arc-extinguishing cavity 101, it flows into the gap between the second flame-extinguishing net 100 and the lower shell 90.

[0147] The size of the opening 102 can be equal to the size of the arc-spraying nozzle 71, or the size of the opening 102 can be slightly larger than the size of the arc-spraying nozzle 71, so that the high-temperature free gas in the arc-extinguishing chamber 70 can enter the arc-extinguishing chamber 101 as much as possible. In other embodiments, the size of the opening 102 can be slightly smaller than the size of the arc-spraying nozzle 71.

[0148] It should be noted that when there are multiple weak zones 322, each weak zone 322 is provided with an arc extinguishing chamber 70. The arc extinguishing chamber 70 is equipped with a first flame extinguishing net 80 to draw the electric arc generated at the break point of each weak zone 322 into a separate arc extinguishing chamber 70 for arc extinguishing treatment.

[0149] For example, such as Figure 18 and Figure 19As shown, there are two weak zones 322, and two second flame extinguishing nets 100. A partition 200 is provided between the two second flame extinguishing nets 100, separating them and isolating the electric arcs emitted from the two arc extinguishing chambers 70, thus reducing the mutual influence of the arcs from different arc extinguishing chambers 70. In other embodiments, there may be one second flame extinguishing net 100. One end of the second flame extinguishing net 100 in the first direction X contacts the side wall of one arc extinguishing chamber 70, and the other end of the second flame extinguishing net 100 in the first direction X contacts the side wall of the other arc extinguishing chamber 70. In this case, the second flame extinguishing net 100 can form two arc extinguishing cavities 101. The two arc extinguishing cavities 101 are arranged opposite each other along the first direction X, and a portion of the second flame extinguishing net 100 is provided between the two arc extinguishing cavities 101 to increase the contact area between the electric arcs in the two arc extinguishing cavities 101 and the second flame extinguishing net 100, thereby accelerating the cooling and arc extinguishing.

[0150] Please see Figure 20 , Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a piston 20 and a reinforcing frame 300 provided in one embodiment of this application. In one embodiment, the circuit breaker 1000 further includes a reinforcing frame 300, which is embedded within the piston 20. The reinforcing frame 300, made of a high-hardness material, is provided inside the piston 20 to improve the overall mechanical strength and structural rigidity of the piston 20, increase its impact resistance, enable it to withstand greater acceleration, and achieve a higher breaking speed. This reduces the time required to break the conductive busbar 30 and effectively reduces the deformation of the piston 20 during the breaking process, lowering the risk of cracking.

[0151] The reinforcing frame 300 is spaced apart from the air passage 26 inside the piston 20 to avoid the reinforcing frame 300 affecting the flow rate of the high-pressure gas in the air passage 26.

[0152] Please see Figure 21 , Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another piston 20 and reinforcing frame 300 provided in an embodiment of this application. Further, a portion of the reinforcing frame 300 extends along the second direction Y to the bottom surface of the piston 20, giving the piston 20 higher rigidity. The piston 20 with higher rigidity can break through the weak area 322 (…). Figure 18 When (as shown), the deformation of piston 20 is smaller, thus reducing the influence of piston 20 deformation on the breaking speed.

[0153] Please combine Figure 18 and Figure 21A portion of the reinforcing skeleton 300 extends along the second direction Y and is embedded in the cutting portion 21. Since the cutting portion 21 of the piston 20 is used to cut the weak area 322 and the compression bending portion 324, embedding a portion of the reinforcing skeleton 300 in the cutting portion 21 can enhance the mechanical strength and structural rigidity of the cutting portion 21, accelerate the breaking of the weak area 322, and reduce the risk of the cutting portion 21 breaking.

[0154] Please see Figure 22 , Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of a reinforcing frame 300 according to an embodiment of this application. The reinforcing frame 300 has an "L"-shaped structure. Specifically, the orthographic projection of the reinforcing frame 300 along the third direction Z is approximately an "L"-shaped structure. A portion of the reinforcing frame 300 extends along the second direction Y, and another portion of the reinforcing frame 300 can extend along a direction perpendicular to the second direction Y. A portion of the reinforcing frame 300 is bent relative to the other portion of the reinforcing frame 300, and the other portion of the reinforcing frame 300 can be embedded with the head 24 of the inner piston 20.

[0155] The number of reinforcing frames 300 in the “L” shaped structure is at least two, and the at least two reinforcing frames 300 are arranged at intervals, for example, as shown in the figure. Figure 23 As shown, there are two "L"-shaped reinforcing skeletons 300, spaced apart. Compared to the one-piece "T"-shaped reinforcing skeleton 300, this effectively prevents the piston 20 from cracking during the breaking process, thus reducing the risk of arc failure due to the electric arc penetrating the reinforcing skeleton 300 inside the piston 20. Furthermore, the "L"-shaped reinforcing skeleton 300 design allows for accurate positioning within the molding die. Simultaneously, after being embedded inside the piston 20, it reduces the possibility of the reinforcing skeleton 300 shifting within the piston 20.

[0156] Please see Figure 23 , Figure 23 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a reinforcing frame 300 provided in an embodiment of this application. For example, the reinforcing frame 300 includes a first portion 301, a second portion 302, and a third portion 303. The first portion 301 and the second portion 302 extend along a second direction Y and are spaced apart in a third direction Z. The third portion 303 connects the first portion 301 and the second portion 302, and the extension direction of the third portion 303 is perpendicular to the second direction Y. For example, the third portion 303 can extend along a first direction X. The spaced-apart first portion 301 and the second portion 302 can be embedded within the cutting portion 21. Compared to the first portion 301 and the second portion 302 being connected together, the spaced-apart first portion 301 and the second portion 302 can also effectively prevent the piston 20 from cracking during the breaking process.

[0157] Please see Figure 24 , Figure 24 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of two reinforcing skeletons 300 provided in an embodiment of this application. The structure of the reinforcing skeletons 300 can be adjusted based on the overall weak points of the piston 20 and the structure of the piston 20. For example, there are two reinforcing skeletons 300, and the dimension of one reinforcing skeleton 300 extending along the second direction Y is greater than the dimension of the other reinforcing skeleton 300 extending along the second direction Y.

[0158] For example, the reinforcing frame 300 is provided with a plurality of perforations 304, which are arranged at intervals. Part of the piston 20 is housed in the plurality of perforations 304 to strengthen the bond strength between the piston 20 and the reinforcing frame 300.

[0159] The reinforcing skeleton 300 and piston 20 are integrally molded, forming a single injection molded structure. This eliminates the need for slots in the piston 20 to accommodate the reinforcing skeleton 300, ensuring both the overall integrity and structural characteristics of the piston 20 and its internal mechanical strength. Furthermore, the reinforcing skeleton 300 features multiple perforations 304, which facilitate better integration between the piston 20 and the reinforcing skeleton 300 during the integral injection molding process.

[0160] For example, the reinforcing frame 300 is made of metal, and the outer surface of the reinforcing frame 300 is coated with an insulating coating to improve the insulation performance between the reinforcing frame 300 and the piston 20. Even if the piston 20 cracks during the breaking process, it can ensure that the piston 20 and the reinforcing frame 300 as a whole have good insulation performance, and prevent the electric arc from entering the interior of the piston 20 through the crack and contacting the reinforcing frame 300, thus preventing other short circuit faults.

[0161] Please return to the reference. Figure 17 In one embodiment, a reinforcing skeleton 300 may also be embedded in the upper shell 10. The reinforcing skeleton 300 in the upper shell 10 surrounds the outer periphery of the first chamber 11. That is, the reinforcing skeleton 300 in the upper shell 10 is disposed at the side wall and the top wall of the first chamber 11 to enhance the structural rigidity and mechanical strength of the upper shell 10.

[0162] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker, characterized in that, include: The upper shell has a first chamber; A piston is movably disposed in the first chamber, and the piston has a cutting portion; The conductive busbar extends in a first direction, and the conductive busbar and the upper shell are arranged in a second direction. The conductive busbar has a notch on the surface of the upper shell in the second direction to form a weak area. The piston can move in the second direction so that the cutting part cuts the weak area. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. An elastic element is disposed between the piston and the top wall of the first chamber. Before the cutting portion cuts the weak area, the elastic element is in a compressed state. The opposite ends of the elastic element are in contact with the piston and the top wall of the first chamber, respectively. A portion of the cutting portion is located within the notch and in contact with the weak area.

2. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper shell is also provided with a second chamber, and the first chamber is provided between the second chamber and the conductive bar. The second chamber is connected to the first chamber, and the circuit breaker also includes an ignition device housed in the second chamber. The piston has a first receiving groove on its end face facing the igniter in the second direction, and the first receiving groove receives one end of the elastic member.

3. The circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston has a recess on its end face facing the igniter in the second direction. The recess is spaced apart from the first receiving groove, and a portion of the igniter is received in the recess.

4. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The top wall of the first chamber is provided with a second receiving groove, which is connected to the first chamber and is used to receive the other end of the elastic member.

5. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The cutting portion has a boss on its end face facing the conductive busbar in the second direction. The boss is directly opposite the weak area in the second direction. Before the cutting portion cuts the weak area, the boss is located in the notch and in contact with the weak area.

6. The circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that, The conductive busbar has a groove on the side facing away from the first chamber. A bend is provided between the groove and the weak area in the first direction. After the cutting part cuts the weak area, the bend can bend around the bottom of the groove towards the side facing away from the first chamber under the action of the cutting part. The end face of the cutting part facing the conductive busbar in the second direction includes an inclined surface. The inclined surface and the boss are arranged along the first direction. The inclined surface and the bend are directly opposite each other in the second direction. The further the inclined surface is from the boss in the first direction, the greater the distance between the inclined surface and the surface of the bend facing the first chamber in the second direction.

7. The circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that, The circuit breaker further includes an insulating frame that encloses a portion of the conductive busbar. The insulating frame has a through hole that accommodates the weak area, which is located near the inner wall of the through hole in the first direction. The conductive busbar has a receiving groove on its side facing away from the first chamber. A portion of the receiving groove is directly opposite the weak area in the second direction, and another portion of the receiving groove is located on the side of the portion of the receiving groove facing away from the groove in the first direction. The other portion of the receiving groove contains a portion of the through hole sidewall. The cutting portion has an insulating side surface that is perpendicular to the first direction. After the cutting portion cuts the weak area, the insulating side surface contacts the inner wall of the through hole at the receiving groove.

8. The circuit breaker according to claim 7, characterized in that, The number of weak areas is multiple, and the multiple weak areas are arranged at intervals along the first direction. Each weak area is directly opposite a piston in the second direction, and each piston is housed in a first chamber.

9. The circuit breaker according to claim 8, characterized in that, The number of weak areas is two, and the two weak areas are arranged at intervals along the first direction. Each weak area coincides with the orthographic projection of the corresponding piston in the second direction. Each weak area is housed in a through hole.

10. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The piston is provided with an air passage that extends through the piston along the second direction and communicates with the first chamber.

11. The circuit breaker according to claim 10, characterized in that, The airway includes a first segment and a second segment that are connected and arranged along the second direction. The first segment is connected to the first chamber. The diameter of the first segment is smaller than the diameter of the second segment. Before the piston cuts off the conductive bar, the second segment is located between the first segment and the conductive bar.

12. The circuit breaker according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that, The circuit breaker also includes an arc-extinguishing chamber located on the side of the conductive busbar away from the upper shell. The arc-extinguishing chamber and the first chamber are arranged opposite to each other in the second direction. After the piston cuts the weak area, the arc-extinguishing chamber receives a portion of the piston, and the inner wall of the arc-extinguishing chamber is in contact with the piston. When the portion of the piston is received in the arc-extinguishing chamber, the arc-extinguishing chamber is connected to the gas passage.

13. The circuit breaker according to claim 12, characterized in that, The circuit breaker further includes a first flame extinguishing mesh housed within the arc extinguishing chamber, with the first flame extinguishing mesh and the piston positioned opposite each other along the second direction. When a portion of the piston is housed within the arc extinguishing chamber, the piston contacts the first flame extinguishing mesh, which is in a compressed state. The circuit breaker also includes a lower housing and a second flame extinguishing mesh. The lower housing is located on the side of the conductive busbar away from the upper housing, housing the arc extinguishing chamber, the first flame extinguishing mesh, and the second flame extinguishing mesh. The arc extinguishing chamber has an arc-spraying nozzle, which is positioned opposite to the second flame extinguishing mesh along the first direction. The cutting portion has an insulating side surface perpendicular to the first direction, with both the arc-spraying nozzle and the insulating side surface facing the second flame extinguishing mesh along the first direction.

14. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-13, characterized in that, The circuit breaker also includes a reinforcing frame, which is embedded within the piston.

15. An electrical device, characterized in that, The electrical equipment includes a circuit breaker and a circuit as described in any one of claims 1-14, wherein the circuit breaker is connected in the circuit and is used to disconnect the circuit when a voltage abnormality and / or current abnormality occurs in the circuit.

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