High temperature high pressure fuel cell humidification system

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system, comprising an air pressurization and preheating component, a water replenishment component, an ultrasonic atomizer, and a mixing chamber. The air pressurization and preheating component heats and pressurizes ambient air to a high-temperature, high-pressure dry air at pressure p and temperature a1, where p = the operating pressure of the fuel cell stack, and water at pressure p has a boiling point of a2, where a2 = the optimal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack > a1 > the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber. The water replenishment component supplies deionized water to the ultrasonic atomizer, which atomizes the deionized water into tiny droplets of 1μm-5μm. The high-temperature, high-pressure air fed into the mixing chamber mixes with the tiny droplets to form high-temperature, high-pressure humidified air at temperature a3, where a3 = the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber. The mixed high-temperature, high-pressure humidified air is then fed into the fuel cell. This invention can simultaneously achieve efficient humidification and auxiliary heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack, reducing the heat dissipation load of the liquid cooling system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature and high-pressure fuel cell technology, and specifically to a high-temperature and high-pressure fuel cell humidification system. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature, high-pressure fuel cells (operating pressure around 200 kPa·s and operating temperature around 120°C) have broad application prospects in new energy vehicles, distributed power generation, and other fields due to their high energy conversion efficiency and high power density. The proton exchange membrane (PEM) is one of the core components of a high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell. Its proton conduction efficiency is highly dependent on a humid environment. If the membrane dries out, it will lead to a sharp increase in proton conduction resistance, a significant decrease in battery performance, and even irreversible damage to the membrane. Therefore, effective humidification of the air entering the fuel cell's air chamber is necessary.

[0003] Meanwhile, during the operation of high-temperature and high-pressure fuel cells, the stack continuously generates a large amount of heat. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, the stack temperature will exceed the optimal operating temperature of 120°C, accelerating stack aging and reducing battery life. Currently, the industry mainly relies on liquid cooling systems to dissipate heat from the stack. To meet the heat dissipation requirements, liquid cooling systems often need to be equipped with high-power radiators, large-capacity coolant circulation pipelines, and related control components, which increases the weight of the liquid cooling equipment, increases system complexity, and also increases energy consumption and equipment costs.

[0004] Chinese patent CN114792827A discloses a self-humidifying system for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. This system collects liquid water generated during the reaction at the fuel cell cathode outlet using a water distributor. This water is then atomized by an ultrasonic atomizer and introduced into the air compressor outlet. The high-temperature air at the air compressor outlet vaporizes the atomized water into water vapor, which is then cooled by an intercooler before being introduced into the fuel cell cathode, thus achieving self-humidification of the air. While this scheme achieves self-circulating humidification, the atomized water generated by the ultrasonic atomizer is directly introduced into the fuel cell stack after being vaporized by the high-temperature air at the air compressor outlet. This fails to provide auxiliary cooling for the stack, thereby increasing the heat dissipation load and requirements on the liquid cooling system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system that can simultaneously achieve efficient humidification and stack-assisted heat dissipation, thereby reducing the heat dissipation load of the liquid cooling system.

[0006] This invention provides a high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system, comprising an air pressurization and preheating component, a water replenishment component, an ultrasonic atomizer, and a mixing chamber;

[0007] The air pressurization and preheating component is used to heat and pressurize the outside air to high temperature and high pressure dry air with pressure p and temperature a1 and send it into the mixing chamber, where p = working pressure of fuel cell stack, water boiling point under pressure p is a2, and a2 = optimal working temperature of fuel cell stack > a1 > inlet working temperature of fuel cell air chamber.

[0008] The water replenishment component is used to deliver deionized water to the ultrasonic atomizer;

[0009] The ultrasonic atomizer is used to atomize deionized water into tiny droplets of 1μm-5μm and deliver them into the mixing chamber.

[0010] The high-temperature, high-pressure air fed into the mixing chamber mixes with tiny droplets to form high-temperature, high-pressure humid air at a temperature of a3, where a3 is the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber. The high-temperature, high-pressure humid air mixed in the mixing chamber is then fed into the fuel cell.

[0011] Furthermore, the air pressurization and preheating assembly includes an air compressor, a temperature control module, and a first temperature sensor. The output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the temperature control module, and the output end of the temperature control module is connected to the mixing chamber. The first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the compressed air at the output end of the air compressor.

[0012] It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the air compressor, the temperature control module and the first temperature sensor respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, and a fourth temperature sensor;

[0014] The second temperature sensor is used to detect the air temperature at the output of the temperature control module, the third temperature sensor is used to detect the air temperature at the output of the mixing chamber, and the fourth temperature sensor is used to detect the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack.

[0015] The controller is electrically connected to the water replenishment component, the ultrasonic atomizer, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, and the fourth temperature sensor, respectively.

[0016] When the fourth temperature sensor detects that the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than the optimal operating temperature setting range, it controls the water replenishment component and the ultrasonic atomizer to increase the atomization amount of deionized water, and controls the temperature control module to increase the output high temperature and high pressure dry air temperature a1, so that the air temperature at the output end of the mixing chamber is maintained at the inlet operating temperature a3 of the fuel cell air chamber.

[0017] When the fourth temperature sensor detects that the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is less than the optimal operating temperature setting range, it controls the water replenishment component and the ultrasonic atomizer to reduce the amount of deionized water atomized, and controls the temperature control module to reduce the output high temperature and high pressure dry air temperature a1, so that the air temperature at the output end of the mixing chamber is maintained at the inlet operating temperature a3 of the fuel cell air chamber.

[0018] Furthermore, a pressure regulating valve is installed at the output end of the air compressor.

[0019] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is installed at the inlet end of the fuel cell air chamber.

[0020] Furthermore, an air filter is connected to the input end of the air compressor, and an air flow sensor is installed between the air filter and the air compressor.

[0021] Furthermore, the ultrasonic atomizer is installed at the bottom of the mixing chamber, and the atomization chamber of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the mixing chamber.

[0022] Furthermore, the water replenishment component includes a water storage tank and a water replenishment pump. The water storage tank is used to store deionized water, and the water replenishment pump is used to deliver the deionized water stored in the water storage tank to the ultrasonic atomizer.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a condenser, the gas inlet of which is connected to the air chamber outlet of the fuel cell, and the liquid outlet of which is connected to the water storage tank.

[0024] Furthermore, the working pressure of the fuel cell stack is p=200kPa.a, the optimal working temperature of the fuel cell stack is a2=120℃, and the inlet working temperature of the fuel cell air chamber is a3=110℃.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in:

[0026] When the present invention is in operation, the outside air can be heated and pressurized into high temperature and high pressure dry air through the air pressurization and preheating component, and deionized water can be atomized into tiny droplets of 1μm-5μm through the ultrasonic atomizer. The high temperature and high pressure dry air and the tiny droplets are mixed in the mixing chamber to form high temperature and high pressure humid air for use in high temperature and high pressure fuel cells.

[0027] Since the air pressurization and preheating component outputs high-temperature and high-pressure dry air with pressure p and temperature a1, and the boiling point of water under pressure p is a2 = the optimal operating temperature of the fuel cell stack > a1 > the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air cavity, when the high-temperature and high-pressure dry air is mixed with the tiny droplets, the tiny droplets will not vaporize, and the mixture will form high-temperature and high-pressure humid air carrying the tiny droplets.

[0028] The temperature a3 of the high-temperature, high-pressure, humid air is equal to the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber. This design has two main considerations. First, if the temperature a3 of the high-temperature, high-pressure, humid air is lower than the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber, the low-temperature high-temperature, high-pressure, humid air entering the fuel cell stack will cause a sudden drop in the stack temperature. At the same time, the tiny droplets entering the fuel cell stack cannot be vaporized quickly, and the tiny droplets cannot cool the fuel cell stack through rapid vaporization (flash evaporation). Second, if the temperature a3 of the high-temperature, high-pressure, humid air is higher than the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber, the tiny droplets in the high-temperature, high-pressure, humid air are easily cooled at the inlet of the fuel cell air chamber and can easily form large water droplets. After entering the stack, this may cause flooding and affect the normal operation of the stack.

[0029] The temperature a3 of the high-temperature, high-pressure, humid air is close to the boiling point a2 of the tiny liquid droplets under pressure p. When the air is introduced into the fuel cell, the tiny droplets in the high-temperature, high-pressure, humid air rapidly vaporize in the fuel cell air cavity and absorb the heat generated by the stack, stabilizing the stack temperature near the optimal operating temperature. This can replace part of the heat dissipation load of the liquid cooling system. Experiments have verified that this invention can reduce the heat dissipation pressure on the liquid cooling side by 50%-70%, thereby reducing the size and weight of the radiator, circulation pipeline and other equipment of the liquid cooling system, reducing system complexity, equipment cost and energy consumption. At the same time, the vaporized water vapor can be evenly distributed in the fuel cell air cavity, efficiently meeting the humidification requirements of the proton exchange membrane, improving proton conduction efficiency and ensuring stable operation of the stack. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] In the attached diagram, 100 is the air pressurization and preheating component; 110 is the air compressor; 120 is the temperature control module; 130 is the pressure regulating valve; 140 is the air filter; 150 is the air flow sensor; 160 is the first temperature sensor; 200 is the water supply component; 210 is the water storage tank; 220 is the water supply pump; 230 is the condenser; 300 is the ultrasonic atomizer; 400 is the mixing chamber; 500 is the fuel cell stack; 600 is the second temperature sensor; 700 is the third temperature sensor; 800 is the fourth temperature sensor; and 900 is the pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure fuel cell humidification system, including an air pressurization and preheating component 100, a water replenishment component 200, an ultrasonic atomizer 300, and a mixing chamber 400.

[0036] The air pressurization and preheating component 100 is used to heat and pressurize the outside air to a high temperature and high pressure dry air with pressure p and temperature a1 and send it into the mixing chamber 400. Here, p = the working pressure of the fuel cell stack 500, the boiling point of water under pressure p is a2, and a2 = the optimal working temperature of the fuel cell stack 500 > a1 > the inlet working temperature of the fuel cell air chamber. Here, the working pressure of the fuel cell stack 500 is p = 200 kPa.a, the optimal working temperature of the fuel cell stack 500 is a2 = 120℃, and the inlet working temperature of the fuel cell air chamber is a3 = 110℃.

[0037] In this embodiment, the air pressurization and preheating assembly 100 includes an air compressor 110, a temperature control module 120, and a first temperature sensor 160. The output end of the air compressor 110 is connected to the input end of the temperature control module 120, and the output end of the temperature control module 120 is connected to the mixing chamber 400. The first temperature sensor 160 is used to detect the temperature of the compressed air at the output end of the air compressor 110.

[0038] The system also includes a controller, which is an MCU (Microcontroller Unit) controller. The controller is electrically connected to the air compressor 110, the temperature control module 120 and the first temperature sensor 160.

[0039] It should be noted that the temperature control module 120 in this embodiment includes a heating mechanism and a cooling mechanism. The air compressor 110 can compress external air to form high-temperature and high-pressure air. When the first temperature sensor 160 detects that the air temperature output by the air compressor 110 is lower than temperature a1, it controls the heating mechanism to heat the air compressed by the air compressor 110 to temperature a1. When the first temperature sensor 160 detects that the air temperature output by the air compressor 110 is higher than temperature a1, it can control the cooling mechanism to cool the air compressed by the air compressor 110 to temperature a1. In this way, the air output by the air pressurization and preheating component 100 can be precisely controlled.

[0040] Optionally, a pressure regulating valve 130 is installed at the output end of the air compressor 110, which is used to maintain the stability of the system air pressure.

[0041] Optionally, an air filter 140 is connected to the input of the air compressor 110. The core function of the air filter 140 is to thoroughly filter impurities in the outside air, providing a clean air source for the fuel cell system. An air flow sensor 150 is installed between the air filter 140 and the air compressor 110 for real-time and accurate monitoring of the intake air flow.

[0042] The water replenishment component 200 is used to supply deionized water to the ultrasonic atomizer 300. The ultrasonic atomizer 300 is used to atomize the deionized water into tiny droplets of 1μm-5μm and send them into the mixing chamber 400. The high-temperature and high-pressure air sent into the mixing chamber 400 mixes with the tiny droplets to form high-temperature and high-pressure humid air at a3, where a3 = the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber. The high-temperature and high-pressure humid air mixed in the mixing chamber 400 is then sent into the fuel cell.

[0043] In this embodiment, the water replenishment component 200 includes a water storage tank 210 and a water replenishment pump 220. The water storage tank 210 is used to store deionized water, and the water replenishment pump 220 is used to deliver the deionized water stored in the water storage tank 210 to the ultrasonic atomizer 300.

[0044] It should be noted that the water replenishment rate of the water replenishment component 200 in this embodiment is matched with the atomization amount of the ultrasonic atomizer 300 to avoid water shortage and poor atomization or water accumulation in the cavity due to excessive water. The water storage tank 210 is equipped with a water level sensor, which issues a water replenishment reminder when the water level is lower than the preset value.

[0045] Optionally, the system also includes a condenser 230, with its gas inlet connected to the fuel cell air chamber outlet and its liquid outlet connected to a water storage tank 210. Unreacted air in the fuel cell stack 500 enters the condenser 230, where water vapor condenses to form liquid water. The remaining water flows out from the gas outlet of the condenser 230, while the liquid water flows out from the liquid outlet and is recycled back to the water storage tank 210, thus achieving water recycling.

[0046] In this embodiment, the mixing chamber 400 is a sealed cavity adapted to a working pressure of 200 kPa.a. The mixing chamber 400 is equipped with a guide plate to ensure that the high-temperature and high-pressure dry air after pressurization and preheating is fully mixed with the atomized water droplets generated by the ultrasonic atomizer 300, so as to ensure that each part of the air can be humidified evenly and form atomized humidified air with uniform humidity.

[0047] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic atomizer 300 is installed at the bottom of the mixing chamber 400, and the atomizing chamber of the ultrasonic atomizer 300 is connected to the mixing chamber 400.

[0048] The ultrasonic atomizer 300 uses a high-temperature and high-pressure resistant piezoelectric ceramic transducer and atomizing plate, which is suitable for working environments with a pressure of 200 kPa and a temperature of 110℃, thus avoiding damage to components or a decrease in atomization effect caused by high temperature and high pressure. The atomizing plate adopts a high-frequency resonance design with a resonance frequency of 1-3MHz, which can break the deionized water supplied by the water supply component 200 into tiny water droplets with a diameter of 1-5μm. The atomization amount can be adjusted according to needs, ensuring that the atomized water droplets can be rapidly vaporized, while avoiding the water stack being flooded due to excessively large water droplets.

[0049] The atomization principle of this component is as follows: after a high-frequency alternating current is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic transducer, a high-frequency mechanical vibration is generated. The vibration energy is transferred to the water surface through the atomizing plate, forming strong capillary waves on the liquid surface. When the vibration energy is sufficient, the peak of the capillary wave is torn apart, and at the same time, a cavitation effect is generated to help pulverize the water into tiny droplets of 1-5μm, forming a cold mist aerosol.

[0050] The inner walls of the mixing chamber 400 and the atomizing chamber are made of high-temperature resistant and scale-resistant material to prevent scale buildup at high temperatures from affecting the mixing effect.

[0051] In this embodiment, a pressure sensor 900 is installed at the inlet of the fuel cell air chamber to monitor the system's air pressure in real time.

[0052] In this embodiment, the outside air can be heated and pressurized into high-temperature and high-pressure dry air by the air pressurization and preheating component 100, and deionized water can be atomized into tiny droplets of 1μm-5μm by the ultrasonic atomizer 300. The high-temperature and high-pressure dry air and the tiny droplets are mixed in the mixing chamber 400 to form high-temperature and high-pressure humid air for use in high-temperature and high-pressure fuel cells.

[0053] Since the air pressurization and preheating component 100 outputs high-temperature and high-pressure dry air with pressure p and temperature a1, and the boiling point of water under pressure p is a2 = the optimal operating temperature of fuel cell stack 500 > a1 > the inlet operating temperature of fuel cell air cavity, when the high-temperature and high-pressure dry air is mixed with the tiny droplets, the tiny droplets will not vaporize, and the mixture will form high-temperature and high-pressure humid air carrying the tiny droplets.

[0054] The temperature a3 of the high-temperature, high-pressure humid air is equal to the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber. This design has two main considerations. First, if the temperature a3 of the high-temperature, high-pressure humid air is lower than the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber, the low-temperature high-temperature, high-pressure humid air entering the fuel cell stack 500 will cause a sudden drop in the stack temperature. At the same time, the tiny droplets entering the fuel cell stack 500 cannot vaporize quickly, and the tiny droplets cannot cool the fuel cell stack 500 through rapid vaporization (flash evaporation). Second, if the temperature a3 of the high-temperature, high-pressure humid air is higher than the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber, the tiny droplets in the high-temperature, high-pressure humid air are easily cooled at the inlet of the fuel cell air chamber and can easily form large water droplets. After entering the stack, this may cause flooding and affect the normal operation of the stack.

[0055] The temperature a3 of the high-temperature, high-pressure, humid air is close to the boiling point a2 of the tiny liquid droplets under pressure p. When the air is introduced into the fuel cell, the tiny droplets in the high-temperature, high-pressure, humid air rapidly vaporize in the fuel cell air cavity and absorb the heat generated by the stack, stabilizing the stack temperature near the optimal operating temperature. This can replace part of the heat dissipation load of the liquid cooling system. Experiments have verified that this invention can reduce the heat dissipation pressure on the liquid cooling side by 50%-70%, thereby reducing the size and weight of the radiator, circulation pipeline and other equipment of the liquid cooling system, reducing system complexity, equipment cost and energy consumption. At the same time, the vaporized water vapor can be evenly distributed in the fuel cell air cavity, efficiently meeting the humidification requirements of the proton exchange membrane, improving proton conduction efficiency and ensuring stable operation of the stack.

[0056] This embodiment also includes a second temperature sensor 600, a third temperature sensor 700, and a fourth temperature sensor 800.

[0057] The second temperature sensor 600 is used to detect the air temperature at the output of the temperature control module 120, the third temperature sensor 700 is used to detect the air temperature at the output of the mixing chamber 400, and the fourth temperature sensor 800 is used to detect the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 500.

[0058] The controller is electrically connected to the water replenishment component 200, the ultrasonic atomizer 300, the second temperature sensor 600, the third temperature sensor 700, and the fourth temperature sensor 800, respectively.

[0059] When the fourth temperature sensor 800 detects that the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 500 is greater than the optimal operating temperature setting range (e.g., 2°C), it controls the water replenishment component 200 and the ultrasonic atomizer 300 to increase the atomization amount of deionized water, and controls the temperature control module 120 to increase the output high-temperature and high-pressure dry air temperature a1, so that the air temperature at the output end of the mixing chamber 400 is maintained at the inlet operating temperature a3 of the fuel cell air chamber.

[0060] When the fourth temperature sensor 800 detects that the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 500 is less than the optimal operating temperature setting range (e.g., 2°C), it controls the water replenishment component 200 and the ultrasonic atomizer 300 to reduce the amount of deionized water atomized, and controls the temperature control module 120 to reduce the output high-temperature and high-pressure dry air temperature a1, so that the air temperature at the output end of the mixing chamber 400 is maintained at the inlet operating temperature a3 of the fuel cell air chamber.

[0061] This embodiment constructs a closed-loop temperature control system with the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 500 as the core control target by setting the electrical connection between the second temperature sensor 600, the third temperature sensor 700, the fourth temperature sensor 800 and the controller. When the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack deviates from the optimal setting range, the controller can adaptively adjust the atomization amount of the water replenishment component 200 and the ultrasonic atomizer 300, as well as the dry air output temperature of the temperature control module 120, to always maintain the humidified air temperature output from the mixing chamber 400 at the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber. When the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 500 is too high, the atomization amount can be increased to increase the humidity of the high-temperature, high-pressure humidified air, thereby increasing the evaporation of tiny droplets in the high-temperature, high-pressure humidified air within the fuel cell stack 500 and improving the evaporative heat dissipation of the humidified air. When the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack 500 is too low, the atomization amount can be reduced to decrease the humidity of the high-temperature, high-pressure humidified air, thereby reducing the evaporation of tiny droplets within the fuel cell stack 500 and reducing the evaporative heat dissipation of the humidified air. This achieves dynamic adaptation between the stack operating conditions and the humidification system, effectively improving the power generation efficiency, operational stability, and service life of the fuel cell, while reducing system energy consumption, and exhibiting excellent operating condition adaptability and reliability.

Claims

1. A high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system, characterized in that, Includes an air pressurization and preheating component, a water replenishment component, an ultrasonic atomizer, and a mixing chamber; The air pressurization and preheating component is used to heat and pressurize the outside air to high temperature and high pressure dry air with pressure p and temperature a1 and send it into the mixing chamber, where p = working pressure of fuel cell stack, water boiling point under pressure p is a2, and a2 = optimal working temperature of fuel cell stack > a1 > inlet working temperature of fuel cell air chamber. The water replenishment component is used to deliver deionized water to the ultrasonic atomizer; The ultrasonic atomizer is used to atomize deionized water into tiny droplets of 1μm-5μm and deliver them into the mixing chamber. The high-temperature, high-pressure air fed into the mixing chamber mixes with tiny droplets to form high-temperature, high-pressure humid air at a temperature of a3, where a3 is the inlet operating temperature of the fuel cell air chamber. The high-temperature, high-pressure humid air mixed in the mixing chamber is then fed into the fuel cell.

2. The high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air pressurization and preheating assembly includes an air compressor, a temperature control module, and a first temperature sensor. The output end of the air compressor is connected to the input end of the temperature control module, and the output end of the temperature control module is connected to the mixing chamber. The first temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the compressed air at the output end of the air compressor. It also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the air compressor, the temperature control module and the first temperature sensor respectively.

3. The high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, and a fourth temperature sensor; The second temperature sensor is used to detect the air temperature at the output of the temperature control module, the third temperature sensor is used to detect the air temperature at the output of the mixing chamber, and the fourth temperature sensor is used to detect the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack. The controller is electrically connected to the water replenishment component, the ultrasonic atomizer, the second temperature sensor, the third temperature sensor, and the fourth temperature sensor, respectively. When the fourth temperature sensor detects that the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is greater than the optimal operating temperature setting range, it controls the water replenishment component and the ultrasonic atomizer to increase the atomization amount of deionized water, and controls the temperature control module to increase the output high temperature and high pressure dry air temperature a1, so that the air temperature at the output end of the mixing chamber is maintained at the inlet operating temperature a3 of the fuel cell air chamber. When the fourth temperature sensor detects that the actual operating temperature of the fuel cell stack is less than the optimal operating temperature setting range, it controls the water replenishment component and the ultrasonic atomizer to reduce the amount of deionized water atomized, and controls the temperature control module to reduce the output high temperature and high pressure dry air temperature a1, so that the air temperature at the output end of the mixing chamber is maintained at the inlet operating temperature a3 of the fuel cell air chamber.

4. The high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A pressure regulating valve is installed at the output end of the air compressor.

5. The high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system according to claim 4, characterized in that, A pressure sensor is installed at the inlet of the fuel cell air chamber.

6. The high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system according to claim 2, characterized in that, An air filter is connected to the input end of the air compressor, and an air flow sensor is installed between the air filter and the air compressor.

7. The high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic atomizer is installed at the bottom of the mixing chamber, and the atomization chamber of the ultrasonic atomizer is connected to the mixing chamber.

8. The high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water replenishment component includes a water storage tank and a water replenishment pump. The water storage tank is used to store deionized water, and the water replenishment pump is used to deliver the deionized water stored in the water storage tank to the ultrasonic atomizer.

9. The high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a condenser, the gas inlet of which is connected to the air chamber outlet of the fuel cell, and the liquid outlet of which is connected to the water storage tank.

10. The high-temperature, high-pressure fuel cell humidification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working pressure of the fuel cell stack is p=200kPa.a, the optimal working temperature of the fuel cell stack is a2=120℃, and the inlet working temperature of the fuel cell air chamber is a3=110℃.

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