An electric core, a battery module, a battery pack and an electric device

Abstract

The application provides an electric core, a battery module, a battery pack and a power utilization device, relates to the field of battery module manufacturing, and aims to solve the problem that the horizontal distance between the leading part and the connecting part is too close in the existing C-shaped tab folding process, which causes uneven stress of the multilayer tabs or the risk of reverse insertion when trying to reduce the reserved height. In the application, the horizontal distance between the leading section and the connecting section of the tab in the winding core thickness direction is pulled apart to be greater than or equal to half of the thickness of a single winding core, the original narrow area limitation is broken, and the unused transverse space is converted into an effective bending area of the tab. Based on the sufficient horizontal distance, the bending section can be connected at both ends in the posture of one-way inclined extension, the tab is effectively prevented from having a large directional mutation in a short height distance, the multilayer tab is more uniform in stress when being packaged under the top cover, and the battery packaging reliability and safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery cell, battery module, battery pack, and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In existing square batteries, the cores are paired and welded together during assembly to achieve the folded tabs. Currently, a "C"-shaped folded tab process is commonly used. However, because the horizontal distance between the tab lead-out part and the top cover connection part is too close, the bending section of the tab is restricted to a narrow width area. In order to achieve bending, a larger area must be reserved in the height direction of the tab, which reduces the internal space utilization of the battery.

[0003] If the reserved height is reduced in order to improve utilization, the "C"-shaped bending method requires the tabs to make a large change in direction within a short distance when pressing the core together under the top cover. Multi-layer tabs are prone to uneven stress, resulting in sharp bends or even problems such as tabs being inserted in reverse. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a battery cell, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electrical device, which can improve the utilization rate of the internal space of the battery and enhance the reliability and safety of the multi-layer tabs.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a battery cell, which adopts the following solution: include: The shell has a receiving cavity, and a top cover is provided above the receiving cavity; The pole is located on the top cover. A core is disposed within a receiving cavity and extends upward along the core axis, the core having a first end facing the top cover; The multi-layer tab includes a lead-out section extending from the first end, a connecting section connected to the pole post, and a bent section connecting the lead-out section and the connecting section; the horizontal distance between the lead-out section and the connecting section in the core thickness direction is greater than or equal to half the thickness of a single core, and the bent section extends unidirectionally inclined between the lead-out section and the connecting section.

[0006] Furthermore, the receiving cavity is provided with multiple cores distributed along the thickness direction, each core being connected to multiple layers of tabs, wherein the horizontal distance between the lead-out section and the connecting section of at least one multi-layer tab on the thickness of the core is... T satisfy: ,in, d The thickness of a single core. n This represents the number of cores.

[0007] Furthermore, the receiving cavity is provided with two winding cores, and the horizontal distance between the two multi-layer electrode lead-out sections and the connecting section in terms of winding core thickness is... T satisfy: .

[0008] Furthermore, the core and the pole connected by the multi-layer tabs are misaligned, and the bent sections of the multi-layer tabs connected to the two cores are spatially intersecting.

[0009] Furthermore, the receiving cavity is provided with two winding cores, and the horizontal distance between the two multi-layer electrode lead-out sections and the connecting section in terms of winding core thickness is... T satisfy: .

[0010] Furthermore, the pole is located above the core to which it is connected by a multi-layer tab, and the slopes of the bending sections of the multi-layer tabs to which the two cores are connected have opposite signs.

[0011] Furthermore, the two pole posts connected by the two multi-layer tabs are located at both ends in the thickness direction of the top cover.

[0012] Furthermore, the receiving cavity is provided with two cores, and the horizontal distance between the multi-layer electrode lead-out section and the connecting section of one of the cores in terms of the core thickness is... T satisfy: The horizontal distance between the multi-layer tab lead-out section and the connecting section of another core in terms of core thickness. T satisfy: .

[0013] Furthermore, the poles corresponding to the two cores are located above one of the cores, and the slope signs of the extension directions of the bending sections of the multilayer tabs connected to the two poles are the same.

[0014] Furthermore, the two pole posts are offset on the same side of the top cover to reserve space on the other side of the top cover to form a clearance area.

[0015] Furthermore, in a coordinate system established with the core thickness direction as the X-axis and the core axis as the Y-axis, the trajectory line corresponding to the extension of the bending segment changes monotonically.

[0016] Furthermore, the angle of change of the bent segment along its extension direction is less than that of the bent segment. .

[0017] Furthermore, along the core axis upwards, the height between the core and the top cover is... h The horizontal distance between the lead-out section and the connecting section in terms of core thickness is: T The bending section at the height h With thickness T The distribution within the envelope space ensures that when the multilayer tabs are subjected to a compressive force along the core axis, each tab will deflect uniformly along the core thickness direction.

[0018] Furthermore, the connection positions between the bent segment and the connecting segment, and between the bent segment and the lead-out segment, are all smooth transitions.

[0019] A second objective of the present invention is to provide a battery module that utilizes the battery cell as described in the first objective.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling device that exchanges heat with the battery cell.

[0021] A third objective of the present invention is to provide a battery pack that utilizes the battery module as described in the second objective.

[0022] The fourth objective of this invention is to provide an electrical device that uses battery cells, battery modules, or battery packs as described in the first, second, or third objectives to supply power to the device.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are: To address the problem that existing "C"-shaped tab bending processes suffer from uneven stress or inverted insertion risks when attempting to reduce the reserved height due to the excessively close horizontal distance between the lead-out section and the connecting section, this invention breaks through the original narrow area limitation by increasing the horizontal distance between the lead-out section and the connecting section of the tab in the core thickness direction to greater than or equal to half the thickness of a single core. This transforms the underutilized lateral space into an effective bending area for the tab. Based on the sufficient horizontal distance, the bending section can connect the two ends in a unidirectional inclined extension posture, effectively avoiding large directional changes in the tab within a short height distance. This results in more uniform stress on the multi-layer tabs when the top cover is pressed down for sealing, and the bending deformation is relatively smooth and relaxed, reducing the probability of sharp corners or inverted tabs. Thus, while improving the reliability and safety of battery packaging, it can also meet the lower tab height reservation requirements, helping to further improve the overall space utilization rate inside the battery. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the existing C-type folding tab process described in the background art of this invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the existing tab bending described in the background art of this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one distribution of multilayer tabs in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional tilting extension of the multilayer tabs in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another distribution mode of multilayer electrodes in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another distribution mode of multilayer electrodes in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram, 1 is the core; 10 is the first core; 20 is the second core; 30 is the top cover; 40 is the shell; 50 is the barrier plate; 60 is the clearance area; 100 is the multi-layer tab; 101 is the first multi-layer tab; 201 is the second multi-layer tab; 300 is the pole post; 301 is the first pole post; 302 is the second pole post; 1001 is the connecting section; 1002 is the bending section; 1003 is the lead-out section; 1012 is the first bending section; 2012 is the second bending section. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Example 1 In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, a type of battery cell is presented.

[0033] When bending the electrode tabs, the limited space causes large variations in the bending angle, which can easily lead to the electrode tabs being inserted backwards, affecting safety. This is especially true when the electrode tabs are large or have many layers, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the requirements of low bending space and good bending effect.

[0034] like Figure 1 The existing electrode bending method is illustrated below. The battery cell consists of a paired first core 10 and a second core 20 as the main body, and is sealed and encapsulated by a top cover 30 and a housing 40. The first core 10 and the second core 20 are connected to the first terminal post 301 and the second terminal post 302 on the top cover 30 via first multi-layer electrode tabs 101 and second multi-layer electrode tabs 201, respectively. To reduce the battery size, it is currently necessary to minimize the height difference between the top cover 30 and the main body of the core 1. h That is, reduce h Overall battery height H Increase the proportion of space above the ceiling to improve space utilization.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, in order to ensure the smoothness and regularity of the multi-layer tabs after 100° bending and to improve safety and reliability, the height of the tabs in their initial taut state can be reduced as much as possible. L .

[0036] In actual production process, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 Because the horizontal distance between the tab lead-out part and the connection part of the top cover 30 is small, the multilayer tab 100 in h Within a certain height range, the extension direction will change significantly, forming an approximately "C"-shaped bend. The tabs contain a large amount of stress. When the top cover 30 is pressed down and fits into the shell 40, the multi-layer tabs 100 are prone to uneven stress, resulting in sharp angles in the bending area, making it difficult to maintain a smooth and flexible shape, and even causing issues such as... Figure 2 The reversed insertion of the electrode tab shown on the right poses a serious safety hazard. Currently, as... Figure 1 As shown, a barrier plate 50 is provided between the first multilayer electrode 101 and the second multilayer electrode 201, but the problem of sharp corners still cannot be solved, posing a safety hazard.

[0037] It should be noted that the horizontal direction is the thickness direction of core 1 and also the stacking direction of the paired cores 1; the height direction is the vertical direction when the battery cell is placed horizontally and normally, and also the axial direction of core 1.

[0038] Based on this, this embodiment provides a battery cell in which the horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 of the multi-layer tab 100 in the thickness direction of the core 1 is increased to be greater than or equal to half the thickness of a single core 1. This overcomes the operational limitations of bending in the original narrow area, increases the horizontal occupancy of the multi-layer tab 100, thereby reducing the occupancy in the vertical direction and improving the overall space utilization of the battery cell. Furthermore, the multi-layer tab 100 does not need to be in a limited height area. h Instead of continuous turning within the area, the bending segment 1002 extends in a unidirectional tilt, making its bending effect more smooth and gentle, thus improving safety and reliability.

[0039] The battery cell includes a housing 40, a top cover 30, and a core 1. The housing 40 forms a receiving cavity, and the top cover 30 is disposed above the cavity. A terminal post 300 is disposed on the top cover 30, and the core 1 is disposed within the receiving cavity, extending upward along the axial direction of the core 1. The core 1 has a first end facing the top cover 30. The multi-layer tab 100 includes a lead-out section 1003 extending from the first end of the core 1, a connecting section 1001 connected to the terminal post 300, and a bent section 1002 connecting the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001. The horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 in the thickness direction of the core 1 is greater than or equal to half the thickness of a single core 1. The bent section 1002 extends unidirectionally inclined between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001.

[0040] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3The horizontal distance between the connecting section 1001 and the lead-out section 1003 of the multilayer tab 100 of the existing battery cell determines the distribution of the bending section 1002. The projected distance between the connecting section 1001 and the lead-out section 1003 in the height direction is... T ,when T Smaller, i.e. At the same time, the height difference between the pole post 300 and the first end of the core 1 is considered. h The effective bending space of the multi-layer tab 100 is limited to Within a narrow range, although the multi-layer tab 100 can be swung out of that range, it eventually needs to be folded back into that range, which limits the flexibility of bending.

[0041] This embodiment addresses the underutilization of space between the two core 1 lead-out sections 1003 by adjusting the relative positions of the pole post 300 and the core 1 lead-out section 1003 to increase their horizontal spacing. This increases the usable horizontal distribution space for the multilayer tabs 100, allowing them to be distributed from... Expand to Outside the range, the occupancy rate in the height direction is reduced, thereby improving the overall space utilization of the battery cell; in addition, the bending section 1002 can be arranged in a unidirectional inclined extension manner, avoiding large C-shaped bends and reducing the risk of sharp bends and inverted insertion of the multi-layer tabs 100.

[0042] Specifically, for square batteries, the casing 40 is rectangular in shape, and the size and shape of the cavity in the casing 40 are adapted to the winding core 1, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, taking the placement of two cores 1 inside the cavity as an example, the first core 10 and the second core 20 are arranged in the horizontal direction. The first core 10 and the second core 20 respectively have a first multi-layer tab 101 and a second multi-layer tab 201 led out from their first ends. The first multi-layer tab 101 includes a corresponding first bending section 1012, and the second multi-layer tab 201 includes a corresponding second bending section 2012. The first core 10 is connected to the first pole post 301 on the top cover 30 through the first multi-layer tab 101, and the second core 20 is connected to the second pole post 302 on the top cover 30 through the second multi-layer tab 201. The materials selected for the first multi-layer tab 101 and the second multi-layer tab 201 correspond to the material of their core 1. The first pole 301 and the second pole 302 are made of metals or alloys with good conductivity, such as copper, aluminum or copper alloys, aluminum alloys, etc. The first pole 301 and the second pole 302 are insulated to prevent short circuits. At the same time, the position where the first pole 301 and the second pole 302 connect to the top cover 30 is well sealed to ensure the airtightness of the top cover 30 after it is installed in the housing 40.

[0043] The first core 10 and the second core 20 are the energy storage cores of the battery cell. A common structure is a spiral winding. To accommodate the rectangular housing 40 of the square battery, the first core 10 and the second core 20 can adopt a flat structure for easy placement within the housing. When the first core 10 and the second core 20 are arranged side-by-side, their spiral winding axis is vertical, defined as the axial direction of core 1. This corresponds precisely to the normal arrangement of the square battery with the top cover 30 on top and core 1 on the bottom. The axial direction of core 1 is also the height direction of the entire battery cell. Therefore, the first end of core 1 facing the top cover 30 is the top of core 1, the axial direction of core 1 is perpendicular to the plane of the top cover 30, the first end is below the top cover 30, and is spaced apart from the top cover 30.

[0044] The lead-out section 1003 of the multilayer tab 100 extends from the main structure of the core 1. It can be pre-reserved during the preparation of the core 1 main body, or it can be fixed to the core 1 by welding after the core 1 main body is prepared, forming an electrical connection. The connecting section 1001 at the other end of the multilayer tab 100 is fixedly connected to the pole post 300 by welding. The bent section 1002 serves as a transition area between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001, and its orientation and distribution range determine the space occupied by the multilayer tab 100 in the receiving cavity. The multilayer tab 100 can be formed by stacking multiple thin metal sheets and connected to the core 1 and pole post 300 by spot welding or ultrasonic welding to ensure current conduction.

[0045] By controlling the horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 in the thickness direction of the core 1, the distribution of the bending section 1002 is adjusted. Unlike the existing technology where the horizontal distance is close to zero in a vertical vertical distribution, in this embodiment, the horizontal distance is configured to be greater than or equal to half the thickness of a single core 1. This ensures that the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 not only have a height difference but also a large horizontal distance difference, thereby ensuring sufficient horizontal space for the bending section 1002 to transition from the lead-out section 1003 to the connecting section 1001, avoiding a C-shaped bend caused by insufficient horizontal distance. If the thickness of a single core 1 is... d The horizontal distance between segment 1003 and connecting segment 1001 is then determined. ,for example T It is 0.6 d 0.8 d 1.0 d This provides greater freedom to the bending segment 1002, enabling it to bend and extend in a gentle manner.

[0046] For example, if the thickness of a single core 1 is 10mm, the horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 should be at least 5mm, and can be configured as 7mm, 8mm, etc.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the bending section 1002 extends in a unidirectional inclined direction between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001. This ensures that after the core 1 and the pole post 300 establish an electrical connection through the multilayer tab 100, and before and after the top cover 30 and the housing 40 are sealed together, the bending section 1002 maintains a continuous and consistent inclination between the top cover 30 and the housing 40, without multiple reverse bends or sharp turns. Specifically, the bending section 1002 can be a roughly straight inclined section, an arc section with a fixed curvature, or a curve section with a smooth transition. The overall trend is a unidirectional inclination from the lead-out section 1003 to the connecting section 1001, which helps to ensure uniform deformation when the multilayer tab 100 is under stress, reducing stress concentration and the generation of sharp angles. Especially during the sealing process of the top cover 30 and the housing 40, the multilayer tab 100 can deflect in a coordinated and consistent manner, improving the reliability of the multilayer tab 100.

[0048] The above describes the case where two winding cores 1 are arranged within the cavity. In practical applications, to meet higher energy density or power requirements, it is often necessary to integrate two or more winding cores 1 into a single cell. These winding cores 1 are arranged sequentially along the thickness direction of the winding core 1, and each winding core 1 is connected to its corresponding multi-layer tab 100. The horizontal distance between at least one multi-layer tab 100 lead-out section 1003 and connecting section 1001 on the thickness of the winding core 1 is... T satisfy: ,in, d The thickness of a single core 1, in mm. n For the number of cores 1, n It is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.

[0049] Multiple cores 1 within the housing can be connected in series or parallel as needed. The cores 1 are arranged closely together, with necessary insulation gaps between adjacent cores 1 to improve space utilization. Cooling elements, such as cooling pipes and heat exchange fins, can also be installed between the cores 1 as needed to meet the thermal management requirements of the battery cells.

[0050] To address the wiring issue of multiple multi-layer tabs 100 for multiple cores 1, this embodiment defines the horizontal distribution range of at least one bending segment 1002 of the multi-layer tab 100, allowing the multi-layer tab 100 to appropriately span or extend in the thickness direction of the core 1 according to the positions of the connected core 1 and the pole post 300. When there is misalignment between the pole post 300 and the core 1 in the thickness direction, it can be adjusted... TThe value enables the bending segment 1002 of the multilayer tab 100 to effectively avoid other cores 1 or multilayer tabs 100, realize the reasonable distribution of multiple cores 1 corresponding to multiple multilayer tabs 100, optimize the arrangement path of multilayer tabs 100, and reduce their interference problems.

[0051] In other alternative embodiments, three winding cores 1 are placed side by side within the housing cavity of the battery cell. n =3, thickness of each core 1 d Both are 10mm. At this time, the horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 of at least one multi-layer tab 100 in the thickness direction of the core 1 is... T It should meet the following requirements: That is, 5mm≤ T ≤25mm. For the core 1 in the middle position, the lead-out section 1003 of its multi-layer tab 100 can be led out from the first section of the core 1 and bent upwards. The corresponding pole post 300 can be arranged above the third core 1. The lead-out section 1003 located on one side of the center line of the core 1 crosses between the two cores 1 and connects to the pole post 300. T The value can be 10mm or 15mm.

[0052] In this embodiment, further matching design is performed on the commonly used battery cell structure with two winding cores 1. Two winding cores 1 are provided within the receiving cavity, and the horizontal distance between the two multi-layer electrode tabs 100 lead-out sections 1003 and the connecting section 1001 on the thickness of the winding core 1 is... T satisfy: The two winding cores 1 can be connected in parallel to increase capacity, or in series to increase output voltage. The two winding cores 1 can use the same size specifications and electrical control parameters.

[0053] It should be noted that, by... T Controlled d arrive Within the range, regardless of where the lead-in segment 1003 is located Figure 3 Whether on the left or right side of the axis of the core 1 shown, the corresponding connecting segment 1001 can be positioned above another core 1, so that the pole post 300 connected to one core 1 is positioned above another core 1 within the same cell, achieving a staggered distribution.

[0054] because T Greater than d This ensures that the multi-layer tab 100 connects to the pole post 300 only after spanning at least one core 1 thickness, providing ample space for the layout of the multi-layer tab 100 and avoiding the risk of tab compression or short circuits due to insufficient space. Meanwhile, T upper limit This avoids excessive extension of the multi-layer tab 100, prevents the multi-layer tab 100 from getting too close to the inner wall of the cavity and causing a short circuit, optimizes the utilization of internal space, and makes the overall structure of the cell more compact.

[0055] For details, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first core 10 is located on the left side of the receiving cavity, and the second core 20 is located on the right side of the receiving cavity. Each core 1 has a thickness of 10mm. The two cores 1 each have a first multi-layer tab 101 and a second multi-layer tab 201. The horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 of the two multi-layer tabs 100 in the thickness direction of the core 1 is designed to be 12mm, so that the first multi-layer tab 101 and the second multi-layer tab 201 are spatially intersecting. Simultaneously, the first pole post 301 is located above the second core 20, and the second pole post 302 is located above the first core 10. Because the thickness direction of the core 1 for the distribution of the bending section 1002 is widened to 12mm, the bending section 1002 can extend at a smaller angle, allowing each core 1's multi-layer tab 100 to have sufficient wiring paths within a limited space. Furthermore, the first pole post 301 and the second pole post 302 maintain sufficient spacing in the thickness direction of the core 1, reducing the risk of physical contact or electrical short circuits between the tabs.

[0056] It should be noted that the bending segments 1002 of the multi-layer tabs 100 connected by the two cores 1 are spatially intersecting. Specifically, the bending segments 1002 of the multi-layer tabs 100 originating from the two different cores 1 have paths that cross or overlap each other in three-dimensional space. This allows the bending segments 1002 of the first multi-layer tab 101 and the second multi-layer tab 201 to cross each other at different heights or depths, rather than directly intersecting, thus preventing path interference. For example, with the direction perpendicular to the thickness of the core 1 in the horizontal plane as the longitudinal direction, the first multi-layer tab 101 and the second multi-layer tab 201 are distributed at intervals in the longitudinal direction. This helps to effectively accommodate the bending paths of multiple multi-layer tabs 100 within a limited internal space, reducing interference between the multi-layer tabs 100. Similarly, the position of the pole post 300 is adaptively adjusted according to the distribution of the connecting segments 1001 of the multi-layer tabs 100 to meet the needs of establishing connections and achieve a more compact structure.

[0057] As another implementation of this embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the cavity contains two cores 1, and the horizontal distance between the two multi-layer tabs 100 lead-out sections 1003 and the connecting section 1001 on the thickness of the core 1 is... T satisfy: .

[0058] Corresponding to the structure of large-size battery cells, the thickness of core 1 d With the required bending height hThere is a positive correlation between them, that is, the thickness of core 1 d The larger, the corresponding h An additional layer is necessary to ensure the feasibility of bending processes, which will reduce... h / H Due to space utilization limitations, the C-shaped bending method is not suitable for batteries with a large core thickness. However, the distribution method provided in this embodiment, by configuring the horizontal range of the bending segments 1002 of the multi-layer tabs 100, can flexibly adjust the tilt angle of the multi-layer tabs 100 within a certain range, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the tilt angle α. Preset horizontal distance. T and core thickness 1 d The proportional relationship can be realized in d When the value increases, h The value can still be at a relatively small design value level, thus making it more suitable for large-size core 1, thick tabs, and multi-layer cells, which also happens to meet the current industry needs and has greater technological potential.

[0059] like Figure 5 As shown, two terminals 300 are arranged along the thickness direction on the top cover 30 of the battery cell. The first terminal 301 can be positioned near the left edge of the top cover 30, while the second terminal 302 can be positioned near the right edge of the top cover 30. The first terminal 301 and the second terminal 302 are respectively connected to the two winding cores 1 through their respective multi-layer tabs 100.

[0060] By arranging the two terminals 300 at both ends of the top cover 30 along its thickness, the current collection points on the top cover 30 are effectively dispersed, which helps to reduce local heat load and improve the heat dissipation performance and temperature uniformity of the battery cell. Figure 5 The arrangement of the terminals 300, as shown, allows for more efficient use of the overall space of the top cover 30, facilitating the integration of other auxiliary functional components and thus enhancing the overall design flexibility and functional integration of the battery cell. For example, the large horizontal space between the two terminals 300 can serve as space for the circuit board and other circuit components above the battery cell, and can also coordinate with the arrangement of cooling components inside the battery cell, providing space for the pathways of cooling components and improving space utilization. Simultaneously, the large horizontal space between the two terminals 300 also improves heat dissipation in the top cover 30.

[0061] It is understandable that if the cooling capacity of the internal cooling element of the battery cell cannot meet the requirements, or if no cooling element is installed inside the battery cell, the cooling element can be directly arranged on the top cover 30 between the two pole posts 300. Furthermore, through the arrangement in this embodiment, the height difference between the top cover 30 and the core 1 is... hWith a relatively small value, the cooling element, after being arranged in the top cover 30, can reduce the temperature by cooling the top cover 30, indirectly acting on the core 1 to lower its temperature. Although the cooling effect of the cooling element on the core 1 may be weaker than when the cooling element directly exchanges heat with the core 1 in the housing cavity, it saves the space occupied by the cooling element in the housing cavity, allowing the housing cavity to have more space to accommodate the core 1, which helps to improve the overall energy density of the battery cell.

[0062] Furthermore, if the cooling element operates by circulating a heat exchange medium within a heat exchange tube, the heat exchange medium can cool the top cover 30 at a lower temperature than the top cover 30. In working environments such as winter or cold regions, it may also be necessary to heat the battery cells to maintain them within a relatively suitable operating temperature range. In this case, the heat exchange medium heats the top cover 30 at a higher temperature than the top cover 30, thereby heating the core 1 and reducing the reduction in cell capacity caused by excessively low temperatures. By placing the cooling element on the top cover 30 between the first terminal 301 and the second terminal 302, when the cooling element is cooling the top cover 30, the cooling element combined with the top cover 30 can increase the cold insulation capacity of the core 1. When the cooling element is not in a cooling state or in a heating state, the cooling element combined with the top cover 30 can increase the heat insulation capacity of the core 1.

[0063] Meanwhile, taking into account the opposite signs of the slopes of the bending sections 1002 of the multi-layer tab 100, the first multi-layer tab 101 extends to the left, and the lead-out section 1003 of the first multi-layer tab 101 is located on the right side of the axis of the first core 10. The corresponding first pole post 301 is located on the left side of the axis of the first core 10 and close to the left edge of the top cover 30. This ensures that the horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 of the first multi-layer tab 101 and the connecting section 1001 in terms of the thickness of the core 1 is... T satisfy: This also ensures that the first pole post 301 and the second pole post 302 maintain a relatively large distance. Similarly, the second multi-layer pole tab 201 extends to the right, with the lead-out section 1003 of the second multi-layer pole tab 201 located on the left side of the axis of the second core 20, and the corresponding second pole post 302 located on the right side of the axis of the second core 20, close to the right edge of the top cover 30. This also ensures that the horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 of the second multi-layer pole tab 201 and the connecting section 1001 in terms of the thickness of the core 1 is maintained. T satisfy: The first multi-layer tab 101 and the second multi-layer tab 201 are located on both sides of the separation position between the first core 10 and the second core 20, achieving physical isolation in the distribution area. By configuring the distribution direction of the first multi-layer tab 101 and the second multi-layer tab 201, and the distribution position of the first pole piece 301 and the second pole piece 302, it is ensured that the multi-layer tab 100 will not interfere when connected to the dispersed pole pieces 300, thus guaranteeing the compactness and reliability of the internal structure of the battery cell.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, the cavity contains two cores 1, wherein the horizontal distance between the multi-layer tab 100 lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 of the first core 10 on the thickness of the core 1 is... T satisfy: The horizontal distance between the multi-layer tab 100 lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 of the second core 20 on the thickness of the core 1. T satisfy: The horizontal extension distance of the second multilayer electrode 201 is smaller than that of the first multilayer electrode 101, so that the lateral offset of the second multilayer electrode 201 is smaller than that of the first multilayer electrode 101. It can be connected to the pole post 300 in a limited space and form a staggered distribution with the first multilayer electrode 101. The first multilayer electrode 101 is located diagonally above the second multilayer electrode 201.

[0065] Specifically, the horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 of the first multi-layer tab 101 led out from the first core 10 in the thickness direction of the core 1 is... T It can be set to 1.2 d This allows the first multi-layer tab 101 to extend a considerable distance from the first end of the first core 10 towards the second core 20, connecting to the first pole post 301 on the right side of the top cover 30. The horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 of the second multi-layer tab 201 extending from the second core 20 in the thickness direction of the core 1 is... T It can be set to 0.8 d The second multilayer tab 201, after being drawn out from the second core 20, also extends to the right side of the top cover 30, connecting to the rightmost second pole post 302 of the top cover 30. In this way, the two multilayer tabs 100 present different extension paths in the thickness direction, and due to their different horizontal extension lengths and the different distribution positions of the corresponding pole posts 300, the first multilayer tab 101 and the second multilayer tab 201 can form an isolation, thereby avoiding physical contact or compression between the first multilayer tab 101 and the second multilayer tab 201 within a limited axial height, achieving efficient and compact wiring.

[0066] like Figure 6As shown, the pole posts 300 corresponding to the two cores 1 are located above one of the cores 1, and the slope signs of the bending sections 1002 of the multilayer tabs 100 connected to the two pole posts 300 are the same. This differs from... Figure 5 The structure shown has the pole post 300 positioned above the corresponding core 1, which is also different from... Figure 3 In the structure, the pole post 300 is staggered and arranged above the different core 1. Figure 6 In the structure shown, the pole posts 300 corresponding to the two cores 1 are both set above one of the cores 1, which concentrates the distribution of the pole posts 300, thereby reserving more space for other components on the top cover 30 and optimizing the overall structure of the battery cell.

[0067] By constraining the slope of the extension direction of the bending segment 1002 of the first multi-layer electrode 101 and the second multi-layer electrode 201, the spatial orientation of the bending segment 1002 between the two cores 1 and their respective corresponding pole posts 300 is controlled. By controlling the slope to have the same sign, it is determined that their tilting direction in the plane formed by the thickness direction and the axial direction of the core 1 is consistent, both tilting upward or downward; at the same time, in the horizontal projection direction, they both tilt to the right or left. The consistent tilting direction can effectively avoid physical interference between different electrodes, especially when the internal space of the cell is limited, which can reduce the active protection and adjustment of the multi-layer electrode 100 during assembly and simplify the assembly process.

[0068] like Figure 6 As shown, the two pole posts 300 are offset on the same side of the top cover 30 to reserve space on the other side of the top cover 30 to form a clearance area 60. The two pole posts 300 are offset to one side of the top cover 30 as a whole, and while maintaining a safe insulation distance between the two pole posts 300, they are moved to the right side of the top cover 30 as a whole, rather than being arranged in the center, to provide a larger continuous usable space on the left side of the top cover 30.

[0069] The clearance area 60 refers to a deliberately reserved area on the top cover 30 that is not occupied by the terminal post 300 or other major components. This clearance area 60 can be rectangular or irregularly shaped, and its size and shape depend on the degree of offset of the terminal post 300 and the overall design of the top cover 30. For example, the clearance area 60 can be designed to accommodate additional sensors, safety valves, cooling interfaces, or structures for connection to other battery cells or modules. The clearance area 60 is reserved to provide flexibility and convenience for the integration of other functional components or subsequent system design within the limited space of the top cover 30, avoiding interference between components.

[0070] Combination Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6In a coordinate system established with the thickness direction of core 1 as the X-axis and the axial direction of core 1 as the Y-axis, the trajectory line corresponding to the extension of the bending segment 1002 changes monotonically.

[0071] A two-dimensional rectangular coordinate system is established with the thickness direction of core 1 as the X-axis and the axial direction of core 1 as the Y-axis. The X-axis is parallel to the thickness direction of core 1, and the Y-axis is parallel to the axial direction of core 1. The trajectory line corresponding to the extension of the bending segment 1002 represents the spatial orientation of the bending segment 1002. Ideally, the bending segment 1002 can be a straight line with a constant and non-zero slope. However, in actual production, it is difficult to achieve a constant slope. Therefore, the orientation of the bending segment 1002 is a smooth curve, such as an exponential curve or a smooth curve, with its first derivative maintaining a consistent sign throughout the entire extension range. During the manufacturing process, by controlling the bending angle and path, it is ensured that the shape of the bending segment 1002 conforms to the monotonic geometric requirements.

[0072] When the battery cell is subjected to a compressive force along the axial direction of the core 1 during assembly or use, the simple and continuous geometry of the bending section 1002 allows each layer of tabs to deflect and deform in a more consistent and controllable manner at the bending section 1002. This consistent deformation behavior helps to evenly distribute stress and avoid local stress concentration, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the multilayer tabs 100. In addition, the monotonically changing trajectory line simplifies the manufacturing process of the bending section 1002, reduces molding difficulty, and helps to improve production efficiency and product consistency.

[0073] Specifically, the angle of change of the bending segment 1002 along its extension direction is less than... Throughout the entire extension of the bending segment 1002, the maximum instantaneous rate of change or maximum deflection angle of its tangential direction relative to the X-axis or Y-axis is limited to a small range, namely less than 45 degrees, ensuring that the geometry of the bending segment 1002 transitions smoothly without abrupt turns.

[0074] When the trajectory of the bent segment 1002 changes monotonically and its angle of change is limited to less than When bending, the stress distribution of the multi-layer tab 100 in the bending area will be more uniform, avoiding local stress concentration caused by sharp bending. The gentle bending allows the multi-layer tab 100 to more effectively distribute the load when subjected to mechanical stress from the core 1 or the pole post 300, thereby improving the mechanical strength and fatigue resistance of the tab.

[0075] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, along the axial direction of the core 1, the height between the core 1 and the top cover 30 is... hThe available space in the axial direction of the multi-layer tab 100 is limited by adjusting the size of the core 1, the installation position of the core 1 in the receiving cavity, or the internal structure of the top cover 30; the horizontal distance between the lead-out section 1003 and the connecting section 1001 in terms of the thickness of the core 1 is... T The bending section 1002 is at a height h With thickness T The bending segments 1002 are distributed within the envelope space, and their overall shape and path are restricted within this envelope space, so that when the multilayer tabs 100 are subjected to a compressive force along the axial direction of the core 1, each layer of tabs deflects in a consistent manner along the thickness direction of the core 1.

[0076] In addition to constraining the dimensions of the multilayer tabs 100, the material selection for the multilayer tabs 100 can be based on nickel or copper strips with good conductivity and elasticity, while maintaining consistency in the thickness, width, and surface treatment of each tab layer. When subjected to a clamping force along the axial direction of the core 1, during battery module assembly, each layer of the multilayer tabs 100 can synchronously and elastically deflect in the thickness direction of the core 1, forming a unified deformation, thereby effectively dispersing stress and preventing localized overload.

[0077] In practical applications, the bending section 1002 of the multilayer tab 100 is configured in detail. However, if there are sharp corners or discontinuous geometry in the transition area between the bending section 1002 and the lead-out section 1003 and between the bending section 1002 and the connecting section 1001, stress concentration may occur, thereby reducing the mechanical strength and fatigue life of the multilayer tab 100. In particular, when the cell is subjected to external stresses such as vibration or compression, this stress concentration may accelerate the failure of the tab.

[0078] In this embodiment, as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the connection points between the bent section 1002 and the connecting section 1001, and between the bent section 1002 and the lead-out section 1003, are all smooth transitions. The geometric changes of the multilayer tab 100 are continuous and gradual, without sharp edges, abrupt changes, or discontinuities. One possible implementation is to use rounded transitions, for example, by setting fillets with a certain radius of curvature between the bent section 1002 and the lead-out section 1003, and between the bent section 1002 and the connecting section 1001. Another possible implementation is to use a gradual curve transition, such as a spline curve, so that the material thickness or cross-sectional shape changes continuously within the transition region, thereby avoiding stress concentration.

[0079] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the span of the bending segment 1002 in the thickness direction of the core 1 is increased, which naturally increases the overall length of the multilayer tab 100.L However, in reality, because the bending section 1002 of the battery cell is in a nearly straight inclined state after the cells are assembled, the actual required length of the multi-layer tab 100 is... L It doesn't increase the length by much, and is even equal to or less than the length required for a conventional C-bent multilayer tab 100. Furthermore, the structure provided in this embodiment has higher adaptability in some thicker core 1 solutions.

[0080] Example 2 In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, a battery module is provided that utilizes the battery cell as in Example 1.

[0081] A battery module integrates one or more battery cells. The battery cell is the basic energy storage unit of the battery module. Multiple battery cells are structurally packaged to form a unit that is easier to manage and use.

[0082] Battery modules also include structural components for securing the battery cells, electrical connectors for connecting the cells, and thermal management components. Structural components, such as end plates, side plates, frames, or potting compounds, provide mechanical support and protection, ensuring the stability of the cells under conditions of vibration and impact. Electrical connectors typically use busbars or wiring harnesses to connect multiple cells in series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel connections to achieve the required voltage and capacity. Thermal management components effectively dissipate the heat generated by the cells during operation or actively heat the cells at low temperatures to maintain their capacity, keeping them within a suitable temperature range to ensure their performance and lifespan.

[0083] Specifically, the battery module consists of multiple cells that can be arranged side-by-side or stacked and electrically connected via laser-welded copper busbars. The module is encapsulated in a housing 40 made of aluminum alloy or engineering plastic, with the interior of the housing 40 filled with thermally conductive potting compound to enhance cell stability and aid heat dissipation. End plates are installed at both ends of the module and secured with bolts or riveting to provide overall structural rigidity. Furthermore, temperature sensors can be integrated within the module for real-time monitoring of cell temperature and can work in conjunction with an external cooling system to achieve active thermal management.

[0084] Cooling devices primarily address the issue of excessively high temperatures during battery cell operation. In practical applications, cooling devices can take various forms, such as liquid cooling systems, semiconductor cooling systems, and phase change material (PCM) cooling systems. For example, a liquid cooling system utilizes a circulating coolant, such as a mixture of water and ethylene glycol, to absorb the heat generated by the battery cell and dissipate it through a heat sink. Air cooling systems can also be used, employing fans or blowers to blow filtered ambient air onto the battery cell surface, carrying away heat and lowering its temperature. When using PCM cooling, the temperature is regulated by the latent heat absorbed during the phase change process.

[0085] During heat exchange, the cooling device can directly contact the surface of the battery cell, or a thermally conductive medium, such as thermal paste or phase change plate, can be placed between the cooling device and the battery cell to improve the conduction efficiency.

[0086] Example 3 In another embodiment of this invention, a battery pack is proposed, which includes the battery module as shown in Embodiment 2.

[0087] A battery pack integrates one or more battery modules, along with a battery management system, a thermal management system, electrical connections, and mechanical structures, to form a complete, independently functioning power unit.

[0088] Battery packs can be customized for specific application scenarios. For example, battery packs for electric vehicles are shaped to fit the chassis of electric vehicles and need to take into account factors such as collision safety, vibration, waterproofing and dustproofing. Battery packs for energy storage systems can be shaped into a cube for easy stacking and placement, and their cycle life and energy efficiency can be optimized.

[0089] Battery modules can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel within the battery pack to achieve the required voltage and capacity. Furthermore, their specific arrangement can be adjusted according to space constraints and thermal management requirements, such as using a stacked, flat, or arrayed arrangement.

[0090] Taking a battery pack as an example of a power battery used in electric vehicles, the power battery pack can integrate multiple battery modules, each consisting of several cells connected in series and parallel. The outer shell of the battery pack is made of high-strength aluminum alloy or carbon fiber composite material, providing structural support and collision protection. The battery modules inside the battery pack use liquid cooling for thermal management. The coolant carries away heat through the internal channels of the battery modules and dissipates heat through external heat sinks. The main control unit of the battery management system can be installed on the top or side of the battery pack, communicating with the slave control units of each battery module via a CAN bus to collect battery data in real time and execute corresponding control strategies. The battery pack is equipped with high-voltage connectors and low-voltage signal interfaces for easy connection to the vehicle controller and charging system of the electric vehicle. In addition, the battery pack also integrates safety devices such as pressure relief valves and explosion-proof membranes to cope with the risk of thermal runaway under extreme conditions.

[0091] Example 4 In another embodiment of this example, an electrical device is proposed, which uses a battery cell as in Example 1, a battery module as in Example 2, or a battery pack as in Example 3 to supply power to the electrical device through the battery cell, battery module, or battery pack.

[0092] Electrical equipment can include, but is not limited to, various electric vehicles, such as electric cars, electric bicycles, electric boats, and drones. These electrical devices typically require high-capacity, high-power battery systems to drive their power systems.

[0093] Electrical devices can also be portable electronic devices, such as smartphones, laptops, tablets, and wearable devices. These devices have high requirements for battery energy density and cycle life.

[0094] In addition, electrical equipment can also be energy storage systems, such as home energy storage, industrial energy storage, and grid energy storage. These systems require battery packs for energy storage and release.

[0095] Electrical equipment can also include various devices that require a stable power supply, such as medical equipment, robots, and communication base stations.

[0096] Electrical energy is transferred from battery cells, battery modules, or battery packs to electrical devices to enable their normal operation. Power supply is achieved by electrically connecting the output terminals of the battery cells, modules, or packs to the input terminals of the devices, such as through wires, connectors, or buses. During the power supply process, voltage and current matching and management are also required. A battery management system can control the charging and discharging of the batteries to ensure the stability and safety of the power supply and adjust the output power according to the needs of the devices.

[0097] Taking an electric vehicle as an example, the power system of an electric vehicle requires a high-energy-density and high-power-output battery pack. In this embodiment, the battery pack integrates multiple cells with an adjustable multi-layer tab distribution structure. The cells are connected through battery modules to form a complete battery pack. The battery pack is connected to the electric vehicle's motor controller via high-voltage wiring harnesses and connectors. When the driver presses the accelerator pedal, the motor controller sends a command to the battery pack. The battery management system within the battery pack coordinates the cells and battery modules to stably output a large current, driving the electric vehicle's motor and thus providing power to the vehicle. During the electric vehicle's operation, the battery pack continuously supplies power to various electronic devices in the vehicle, such as the in-vehicle entertainment system, air conditioning, and lighting.

[0098] It is understandable that electric vehicles, in addition to the power battery, are also equipped with some functional small battery packs, such as starter batteries and backup lighting batteries, which can also adopt the cell structure shown in Example 1.

[0099] By employing the above technical solutions, the battery cells, battery modules, or battery packs with multi-layered tab structures proposed in Embodiment 1 can be used as energy sources for electrical equipment. This ensures a stable, efficient, and safe power supply for the equipment, solving not only the power supply problem but also allowing the equipment to fully realize its performance potential, extend its lifespan, and improve the overall system reliability and safety through adjustments to energy density, power output, thermal management, and space utilization in the battery cells, modules, or packs. For example, in electric vehicle applications, this can provide longer driving range, faster acceleration, and more stable operation.

[0100] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that, include: The shell has a receiving cavity, and a top cover is provided above the receiving cavity; The pole is located on the top cover. A core is disposed within a receiving cavity and extends upward along the core axis, the core having a first end facing the top cover; The multi-layer tab includes a lead-out section extending from the first end, a connecting section connected to the pole post, and a bent section connecting the lead-out section and the connecting section; the horizontal distance between the lead-out section and the connecting section in the core thickness direction is greater than or equal to half the thickness of a single core, and the bent section extends unidirectionally inclined between the lead-out section and the connecting section.

2. The battery cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity contains multiple cores distributed along the thickness direction, each core being connected to multiple layers of tabs, wherein the horizontal distance between the lead-out section and the connecting section of at least one multi-layer tab on the thickness of the core is specified. T satisfy: ,in, d The thickness of a single core. n This refers to the number of cores. Preferably, the connection positions between the bent section and the connecting section, and between the bent section and the lead-out section, are all smooth transitions.

3. The battery cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The cavity contains two cores, and the horizontal distance between the two multi-layer electrode lead-out sections and the connecting section in terms of core thickness is... T satisfy: ; Preferably, the core and the pole connected by the multi-layer tabs are staggered, and the bent sections of the multi-layer tabs connected to the two cores are spatially intersecting.

4. The battery cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The cavity contains two cores, and the horizontal distance between the two multi-layer electrode lead-out sections and the connecting section in terms of core thickness is... T satisfy: ; Preferably, the pole is located above the core to which it is connected by multiple layers of tabs, and the slopes of the bending sections of the multiple layers of tabs to which the two cores are connected have opposite signs.

5. The battery cell as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The two cores are connected by a multi-layered tab, and the two pole posts are located at both ends in the thickness direction of the top cover.

6. The battery cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The receiving cavity is provided with two cores, and the horizontal distance between the multi-layer electrode lead-out section and the connecting section of one core in terms of core thickness is... T satisfy: The horizontal distance between the multi-layer tab lead-out section and the connecting section of another core in terms of core thickness. T satisfy: ; Preferably, the pole posts corresponding to the two cores are located above one of the cores, and the slope signs of the extension directions of the bending sections of the multilayer tabs connected to the two pole posts are the same. More preferably, the two poles are offset on the same side of the top cover to leave a clearance area on the other side of the top cover.

7. The battery cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In a coordinate system established with the thickness direction of the core as the X-axis and the axial direction of the core as the Y-axis, the trajectory line corresponding to the extension of the bending segment changes monotonically. Preferably, the angle of change of the bent segment along its extension direction is less than that of the bent segment. . More preferably, the height between the core and the top cover along the core axis upwards is... h The horizontal distance between the lead-out section and the connecting section in terms of core thickness is: T The bending section at the height h With thickness T The distribution within the envelope space ensures that when the multilayer tabs are subjected to a compressive force along the core axis, each tab will deflect uniformly along the core thickness direction.

8. A battery module, characterized in that, The battery cell includes the battery cell as described in any one of claims 1-7, and also includes a cooling device that exchanges heat with the battery cell.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the battery module as described in claim 8.

10. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, The battery cell is described in any one of claims 1-7, or the battery module is described in claim 8, or the battery pack is described in claim 9, wherein the battery cell, battery module, or battery pack supplies power to the electrical device.

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