An immersed battery pack assembly

Abstract

The application discloses an immersed battery pack assembly, comprising a box, a plurality of battery cells arranged in the box, characterized in that further comprising a sealed adapter and a battery management unit; an immersion cavity for accommodating an immersion medium is formed in the box, and the plurality of battery cells are arranged in the immersion cavity; the sealed adapter is arranged on the wall surface of the box and is arranged between the immersion cavity and the outside of the box; and the battery management unit is installed outside the box. The immersed battery pack assembly is characterized in that the sealed adapter is arranged on the box, the battery management unit is installed outside the box, the battery cells are connected to the sealed adapter through internal wiring, and the battery management unit is connected to the sealed adapter through external wiring. Thus, the battery management unit can be arranged separately from the immersion cavity, and the protection requirement of the battery management unit in the immersion medium environment for a long time is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of battery packs, and more particularly to an immersion battery pack assembly. Background Technology

[0002] A battery pack assembly, commonly referred to as a battery pack, typically includes a housing, multiple battery cells housed within the housing, and a battery management unit (BMU) for monitoring and managing the cell status. Existing battery packs mostly employ air cooling, liquid cooling plates, or other indirect cooling methods for cell thermal management. For submerged battery packs, the housing needs to be filled with a fluorinated liquid or other immersion medium, placing the cells and their electrical connections in an immersion environment, which improves the insulation protection of the cell area. However, due to the high cost and large quantity of fluorinated liquid required, submerged structures are not commonly used in conventional battery packs and are generally more suitable for applications with high requirements for insulation safety, protection levels, or adaptability to special operating conditions.

[0003] In submersible battery pack assemblies, if the battery management unit (BMU) is located inside the enclosure, it will be constantly exposed to the immersion medium, increasing the difficulty of its protection, maintenance, and replacement. If the BMU is located outside the enclosure, the wiring harness inside the enclosure needs to be led out, and the wiring harness exit point can easily become a weak point in the sealing of the immersion chamber. Furthermore, although submersible battery packs primarily rely on the immersion medium to improve insulation protection, auxiliary heat exchange structures can still be installed at the bottom of the enclosure. If the liquid cooling structure is arranged as a separate component, it can easily occupy internal space within the enclosure. If the flow channel arrangement is relatively simple, it is not conducive to the reversal of the cooling medium's flow and centralized discharge from the outlet side. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems of existing submersible battery pack assemblies, such as difficulty in balancing internal wiring harness lead-out and submersion cavity sealing when the battery management unit is externally placed, as well as insufficient integration and centralized drainage of the auxiliary liquid cooling structure at the bottom of the housing, this invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide an immersion battery pack assembly, the purpose of which is to realize the connection between the internal wiring harness and the external battery management unit through a sealing adapter provided on the wall of the housing, so that the battery management unit can be arranged outside the housing, and the immersion cavity is kept sealed when the internal wiring harness is led out.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an immersion battery pack assembly, comprising a housing and a plurality of battery cells disposed within the housing, characterized in that it further comprises a sealing adapter and a battery management unit; an immersion cavity for accommodating an immersion medium is formed within the housing, and the plurality of battery cells are disposed within the immersion cavity; the sealing adapter is disposed on the wall of the housing and spaced between the immersion cavity and the outside of the housing, and the battery cells are connected to the sealing adapter via internal wiring harnesses; the battery management unit is installed outside the housing and is connected to the sealing adapter via external wiring harnesses.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the immersion battery pack assembly of the present invention, the sealing adapter includes an adapter seat, a seal, an inner terminal, and an outer terminal; the adapter seat passes through the wall of the housing, and the seal is disposed between the adapter seat and the wall of the housing; the inner terminal is located inside the immersion cavity and connected to the battery cell through an internal wiring harness, and the outer terminal is located outside the housing and connected to the battery management unit through an external wiring harness.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the immersion battery pack assembly of the present invention, the battery management unit is fixed to the outer wall of the housing by fasteners, one end of the external wiring harness is detachably connected to the outside of the sealing adapter, and the other end is detachably connected to the battery management unit.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the immersion battery pack assembly of the present invention, wherein: the battery cell is provided with an electrical connector; the housing is also provided with a wire frame, the wire frame is disposed between adjacent battery cells and is staggered with the electrical connector, the internal wiring harness that needs to be led out of the immersion cavity to the outside of the housing is gathered along the wire frame, and the wire frame restricts the internal wiring harness from shifting to the area where the electrical connector is located.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the submersible battery pack assembly of the present invention, the wire frame is disposed in the gap between two adjacent battery cells, and the wire frame is provided with a routing groove for the internal wiring harness to pass through, and the internal wiring harness converges toward the sealing interface through the routing groove.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the immersion battery pack assembly of the present invention, wherein: an insulating filler is provided in the immersion cavity, and the insulating filler fills the gaps between adjacent cells and / or the remaining dead corner gaps in the housing, so as to reduce the amount of immersion medium filled in the immersion cavity.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the submersible battery pack assembly of the present invention, it further includes: a liquid cooling plate for forming at least a portion of the bottom plate of the housing; the liquid cooling plate is provided with a plurality of flow channel groups, and a partition is provided between adjacent flow channel groups to guide the cooling medium to change its flow direction; the liquid cooling plate is provided with a medium inlet and a medium outlet, and a liquid outlet manifold is provided at the medium outlet, the liquid outlet manifold being connected to the flow channels in the flow channel groups to collect and discharge the cooling medium in the flow channels.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the immersion battery pack assembly of the present invention, the liquid cooling plate is formed by connecting at least two sub-plates, and a thickened connecting portion is formed at the connection between two adjacent sub-plates. The connecting portion is located below the adjacent rows of cells and extends along the arrangement direction of the cells.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the submersible battery pack assembly of the present invention, one end of the separator is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid cooling plate, and a flow gap is left between the other end of the separator and the opposite inner wall of the liquid cooling plate, through which the cooling medium flows back and forth between adjacent flow channel groups.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the immersion battery pack assembly of the present invention, each of the flow channel groups includes a plurality of parallel fine flow channels, the liquid outlet manifold extends along the arrangement direction of the plurality of fine flow channels and is simultaneously connected to the liquid outlet end of each of the fine flow channels; flow channel ribs are provided between adjacent fine flow channels, and the flow channel ribs are integrally formed with the sub-plate.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the immersion battery pack assembly of the present invention, the medium inlet and the medium outlet are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate, so that the cooling medium enters from one side of the liquid cooling plate and exits from the other side.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting a sealed adapter on the housing and installing the battery management unit outside the housing, the battery cells are connected to the sealed adapter via internal wiring harnesses, and the battery management unit is connected to the sealed adapter via external wiring harnesses. This allows the battery management unit to be isolated from the immersion chamber, reducing the protection requirements for long-term immersion in the medium environment. Simultaneously, the internal wiring harnesses are centrally led out through the sealed adapter, which helps reduce weak points in the seal caused by the wiring harnesses directly exiting the housing, thus maintaining the airtightness of the immersion chamber while achieving an external battery management unit.

[0018] The sealed adapter achieves electrical connection and sealing isolation between the inside and outside of the enclosure through the adapter base, seal, inner terminal and outer terminal; the wire rack can guide the internal wire harness to converge toward the sealed adapter and limit the internal wire harness from deviating to the area where the electrical connection is located, thereby improving the orderliness and safety of the internal wire harness arrangement.

[0019] The submersible battery pack assembly forms at least a portion of the base plate of the enclosure, enabling the liquid cooling structure to be integrated with the base plate and reducing the space occupied by independent liquid cooling components in the immersion chamber. Multiple flow channel groups within the liquid cooling plate guide the cooling medium to change its flow direction via baffles, which helps increase the flow coverage of the cooling medium within the liquid cooling plate. A liquid outlet manifold is provided at the medium outlet, allowing the cooling medium within the flow channels to collect and discharge at the outlet side. Furthermore, the subplate connection structure helps reduce the difficulty of overall molding, and the fine flow channels and flow channel ribs balance heat exchange contact area and subplate strength.

[0020] Insulating fillers can occupy part of the empty volume in the immersion chamber, reducing the amount of immersion medium required to reach the predetermined immersion level, thereby reducing the amount of fluorinated liquid used and material costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the submersible battery pack assembly of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inner and outer sides of the sealing interface of the immersion battery pack assembly of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wire frame and electrical connectors of the immersion battery pack assembly of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the insulating filler of the immersion battery pack assembly of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the casing of the submersible battery pack assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the liquid cooling plate of the submersible battery pack assembly of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow channel assembly, partition, medium inlet, medium outlet and liquid outlet manifold in the liquid cooling plate of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid cooling plate of the present invention, including the subplate, connecting part, fine flow channel, flow channel rib and flow gap.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, housing; 101, battery cell; 1011, electrical connector; 102, immersion chamber; 103, wire frame; 1031, cable tray; 104, insulating filler; 200, sealing adapter; 201, adapter base; 202, seal; 203, internal terminal; 204, external terminal; 300, battery management unit; 301, fastener; 400, liquid cooling plate; 401, flow channel assembly; 4011, narrow flow channel; 4012, flow channel rib; 402, partition; 4021, flow gap; 403, medium inlet; 404, medium outlet; 405, liquid outlet manifold; 406, sub-plate; 4061, connection part. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0033] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0034] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention provides an immersion battery pack assembly, which includes a housing 100, a plurality of battery cells 101 disposed within the housing 100, a sealing adapter 200, and a battery management unit 300.

[0037] The housing 100 serves as the external load-bearing structure and sealed containment structure for the battery pack assembly. Specifically, the housing 100 may include a base plate, side walls surrounding the base plate, and a top cover sealed to the side walls. The base plate, side walls, and top cover together form an immersion cavity 102. The immersion cavity 102 is used to contain an immersion medium, which may be an insulating medium such as a fluorinated liquid. This immersion medium places the battery cells 101 disposed within the immersion cavity 102 and the electrical connection points between adjacent battery cells 101 in the immersion medium environment, thereby providing insulation protection for the battery cells 101 using the immersion medium.

[0038] The housing 100 is also provided with a top cover above the immersion chamber 102. The top cover covers the upper opening of the housing 100 and fits with the circumferential connecting edge of the upper part of the housing 100. The top cover can be made of MPF melamine-phenol-formaldehyde copolymer resin, which has high structural strength, water resistance, heat resistance and flame retardancy, and can be used to form the upper closed structure of the immersion battery pack assembly.

[0039] A sealing ring is provided between the top cover and the circumferential connecting edge of the housing 100. The sealing ring extends continuously along the circumference of the upper opening of the housing 100 and surrounds the immersion cavity 102. The sealing ring can be an annular sealing ring made of silicone material that has been verified by fluorinated liquid compatibility testing.

[0040] The top cover is fixedly connected to the housing 100 by fasteners spaced along its periphery. When the fasteners are tightened, the top cover presses against the circumferential connecting edge of the housing 100, causing the top cover sealing ring to compress and deform, and sealing the joint gap between the top cover and the housing 100, thereby reducing the leakage of the immersion medium from the upper opening of the housing 100.

[0041] In some embodiments, the circumferential connecting edge of the housing 100 or the side of the top cover facing the housing 100 is provided with an annular sealing groove for receiving a top cover sealing ring. The top cover sealing ring is at least partially received within the annular sealing groove to limit lateral displacement of the top cover sealing ring during assembly and tightening.

[0042] Multiple battery cells 101 are disposed within the immersion chamber 102. The multiple battery cells 101 can be arranged in a row along the length and / or width direction of the housing 100, with pre-installed assembly gaps between adjacent cells 101. The battery cells 101 can be prismatic cells, with their terminals or electrical connection points facing upwards from the housing 100. Adjacent cells 101 can be connected via aluminum busbars or other electrical connectors 1011 to form an internal electrical connection structure within the battery pack assembly.

[0043] A sealing adapter 200 is disposed on the wall of the housing 100, and is positioned between the immersion chamber 102 and the outside of the housing 100. Specifically, the sealing adapter 200 can pass through the side wall or end plate of the housing 100, with one side of the sealing adapter 200 located inside the immersion chamber 102 and the other side located outside the housing 100. A sealing fit is formed between the sealing adapter 200 and the wall of the housing 100, making it difficult for the immersion medium in the immersion chamber 102 to leak outward along the assembly position between the sealing adapter 200 and the housing 100.

[0044] The battery cell 101 is connected to the sealed adapter 200 via an internal wiring harness. Specifically, the internal wiring harness can be a sampling line, temperature detection line, communication line, or other low-voltage signal line corresponding to the battery cell 101. One end of the internal wiring harness is connected to the sampling connection point, temperature detection point, or communication connection point of the battery cell 101, and the other end is connected to the side of the sealed adapter 200 located inside the immersion chamber 102. Thus, the signals related to the battery cell 101 in the immersion chamber 102 can be first collected at the sealed adapter 200, instead of being directly exited from the housing 100 by the various internal wiring harnesses.

[0045] The battery management unit 300 is mounted on the outside of the housing 100. Specifically, the battery management unit 300 can be disposed on the outer side wall of the housing 100, the outer side of the end plate, or in the mounting area outside the housing 100. The battery management unit 300 can be fixed to the outer wall of the housing 100 by fasteners 301, mounting brackets, or mounting plates. The battery management unit 300 is isolated from the immersion chamber 102, so that the battery management unit 300 does not need to be directly placed in the immersion medium.

[0046] The battery management unit 300 is connected to the sealed adapter 200 via an external wiring harness. Specifically, one end of the external wiring harness is connected to the side of the sealed adapter 200 located outside the housing 100, and the other end is connected to the battery management unit 300. Thus, the battery cell 101 within the immersion chamber 102 can form a signal connection with the battery management unit 300 via the internal wiring harness, the sealed adapter 200, and the external wiring harness. The sealed adapter 200 serves both as a transfer point for internal and external electrical connections and as a sealing and isolation point for the housing 100 in this connection path.

[0047] With the battery management unit 300 located outside the housing 100, maintenance, replacement, or testing of the battery management unit 300 can be performed without opening the top cover of the housing 100, and the battery management unit 300 does not need to be permanently placed inside the immersion chamber 102. A sealing adapter 200 is located on the wall of the housing 100, allowing the internal wiring harness within the immersion chamber 102 to be centrally led out through the sealing adapter 200 and connected to the battery management unit 300 via an external wiring harness. This achieves external placement of the battery management unit 300 while maintaining the airtightness of the immersion chamber 102.

[0048] During use, multiple battery cells 101 are housed within the immersion chamber 102 of the housing 100 and submerged in an immersion medium such as fluorinated liquid. Sampling, temperature detection, or communication signals from the battery cells 101 are transmitted via internal wiring harnesses to a sealed adapter 200 located within the immersion chamber 102, then transferred to the outside of the housing 100 via the sealed adapter 200, and subsequently transmitted to the battery management unit 300 via external wiring harnesses. The battery management unit 300 monitors and manages the battery pack assembly based on the received signals from the battery cells 101. Because the sealed adapter 200 is positioned between the immersion chamber 102 and the outside of the housing 100, the internal wiring harnesses do not need to directly penetrate the housing 100 for exit, which helps reduce the risk of leakage at the wiring harness exit point and isolates the battery management unit 300 from the immersion medium environment.

[0049] It should be noted that the main purpose of adopting the immersion structure in this embodiment is to improve the insulation protection capability of the battery cell 101 and its electrical connection area, and to isolate the external air using the immersion medium. Compared with non-immersion battery packs where the battery cell 101 and its electrical connection parts are directly exposed to the air environment, the fluorinated liquid in this embodiment can fill the space around the battery cell 101 and near the electrical connection parts, thus isolating the battery cell 101, electrical connectors 1011 and other charged parts from the air in the immersion chamber 102.

[0050] The fluorinated liquid used in this embodiment is an insulating and non-flammable immersion medium. In the event of localized abnormal heating, arcing, or other faults, the fluorinated liquid itself does not participate in combustion as a combustible material. At the same time, it can reduce the direct contact between oxygen in the air and the battery cell 101 and its electrical connection areas, thereby helping to reduce the conditions for open flame generation and continuous flame propagation, and improving the electrical and fire safety of the submerged battery pack assembly.

[0051] Compared to non-immersion battery packs that primarily rely on air cooling or bottom liquid cooling plates for thermal management, the immersion medium in this embodiment mainly serves as insulation and air isolation, while the liquid cooling plate 400 is used as an auxiliary heat exchange structure. Therefore, this embodiment does not achieve safety protection solely by increasing cooling capacity, but rather by using the immersion medium to continuously encapsulate the cell 101 and electrical connection areas, thereby reducing the impact of the air environment on the safety of charged areas.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Reference Figure 2This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that: the sealing adapter 200 includes an adapter 201, a sealing element 202, an inner end 203, and an outer end 204; the adapter 201 passes through the wall of the housing 100, and the sealing element 202 is disposed between the adapter 201 and the wall of the housing 100; the inner end 203 is located in the immersion chamber 102 and is connected to the battery cell 101 through an internal wiring harness, and the outer end 204 is located outside the housing 100 and is connected to the battery management unit 300 through an external wiring harness.

[0054] Specifically, the adapter 201 serves as the main load-bearing structure of the sealing adapter 200. The adapter 201 can be a columnar, cylindrical, block-shaped, or flange-shaped structure. It passes through the side wall or end plate of the housing 100, with one part extending into the immersion chamber 102 and the other part located outside the housing 100. The housing wall of the housing 100 may have mounting holes corresponding to the adapter 201, which are inserted into these holes and fixedly connected to the housing wall of the housing 100.

[0055] A seal 202 is disposed between the adapter 201 and the wall surface of the housing 100 to seal the assembly gap between the adapter 201 and the mounting hole. The seal 202 can be an O-ring, annular gasket, flat gasket, or potted seal. In one specific embodiment, the outer periphery of the adapter 201 may have an annular sealing groove, into which the seal 202 is embedded, and pressed between the adapter 201 and the wall surface of the housing 100 after the adapter 201 is inserted into the mounting hole of the housing 100. In another specific embodiment, the adapter 201 may have a flange, with the seal 202 sandwiched between the flange and the outer or inner wall surface of the housing 100. Fasteners 301 press the flange against the wall surface of the housing 100, causing the seal 202 to compress and deform, thus forming a sealing fit.

[0056] A first sealing position is formed between the adapter 201 and the housing 100. The seal 202 can be an annular sealing ring or a flat sealing gasket, and is disposed around the position where the adapter 201 passes through the housing 100. After the adapter 201 is installed in the housing 100, the seal 202 is pressed between the adapter 201 and the wall of the housing 100 to close the assembly gap between them.

[0057] The seal 202 can be made of fluororubber, ACM rubber, or other elastic sealing materials that have been verified by fluorinated liquid compatibility testing. By selecting the material of the seal 202 based on the changes in mass, size, strength, and elasticity after immersion in fluorinated liquid, the possibility of the seal 202 swelling, softening, or deterioration in sealing performance after long-term contact with the immersion medium can be reduced.

[0058] The adapter 201 has an internal passage area for conductive terminals or internal wiring harnesses to pass through, and the passage area is filled with a sealing filler. The sealing filler is formed by polyurethane sealant injection, which fills the gap between the conductive terminals, internal wiring harnesses and adapter 201, and fixes the conductive terminals or internal wiring harnesses to the adapter 201 after curing.

[0059] The sealing filler is used to form a second sealing position to prevent the immersion medium from leaking to the outside of the housing 100 through the gap between the conductive terminal or internal wiring harness and the adapter 201. The polyurethane sealant is made of a material that has been verified by fluorinated liquid compatibility testing and will not corrode the corresponding wiring harness, terminal, and adapter 201.

[0060] Thus, the sealing adapter 200 forms an outer circumferential seal between the adapter 201 and the housing 100 through the sealing element 202, and forms a potting seal inside the adapter 201 through the sealing filling part, thereby forming a multi-stage sealing structure that cooperates with each other.

[0061] An internal terminal 203 is located on the side of the adapter 201 facing the immersion chamber 102. The internal terminal 203 can be an internal plug-in terminal, an internal wiring terminal, or an internal connector, used to connect to the internal wiring harness within the immersion chamber 102. The internal wiring harness may include sampling lines, temperature detection lines, communication lines, or other low-voltage signal lines of the battery cell 101. One end of the internal wiring harness is connected to the sampling connection point, temperature detection point, or communication connection point of the battery cell 101, and the other end is plugged into, crimped, soldered, or terminal-connected to the internal terminal 203. Thus, signals related to the battery cell 101 within the immersion chamber 102 can be collected at the internal terminal 203 of the sealed adapter 200.

[0062] An external connector 204 is located on the side of the adapter 201 facing the outside of the housing 100. The external connector 204 can be an external plug-in terminal, an external wiring terminal, or an external connector for connecting to an external wiring harness. One end of the external wiring harness connects to the external connector 204, and the other end connects to the battery management unit 300 outside the housing 100. The external connector 204 can be configured as a detachable plug-in structure, allowing the external wiring harness to be attached and detached relative to the sealed adapter 200, facilitating the inspection, replacement, or maintenance of the battery management unit 300.

[0063] The adapter 201, inner terminal 203, and outer terminal 204 constitute an electrical connection transfer structure that runs through the inside and outside of the housing 100. The inner terminal 203 is located inside the immersion chamber 102 and is used to receive the internal wiring harness from the battery cell 101; the outer terminal 204 is located outside the housing 100 and is used to connect to the external wiring harness leading to the battery management unit 300; a seal 202 is disposed between the adapter 201 and the housing 100 to prevent the immersion medium in the immersion chamber 102 from leaking outwards along the assembly gap between the adapter 201 and the housing 100. Thus, the sealed adapter 200 can simultaneously achieve electrical connection transfer between the internal and external wiring harnesses, as well as sealed isolation between the immersion chamber 102 and the outside of the housing 100.

[0064] During use, the sampling, temperature detection, or communication signals of the battery cell 101 are first transmitted to the inner terminal 203 through the internal wiring harness within the immersion chamber 102, then to the outer terminal 204 via the conductive connection structure within the adapter 201, and subsequently to the battery management unit 300 through the external wiring harness. Since the adapter 201 passes through the wall of the housing 100, and the seal 202 is located between the adapter 201 and the wall of the housing 100, the internal wiring harness does not need to be directly led out through the housing 100, and the immersion medium within the immersion chamber 102 is less likely to leak along the installation position of the sealed adapter 200. Through this structure, a reliable connection between the battery cell 101 inside the housing 100 and the battery management unit 300 outside the housing 100 can be achieved while maintaining the airtightness of the immersion chamber 102.

[0065] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the battery management unit 300 is fixed to the outer wall of the housing 100 by fasteners 301, one end of the external wiring harness is detachably connected to the outside of the sealing adapter 200, and the other end is detachably connected to the battery management unit 300.

[0068] Specifically, the battery management unit 300 is located on the outside of the housing 100 near the sealing interface 200 to shorten the length of the external wiring harness outside the housing 100. The battery management unit 300 can be a box-shaped or block-shaped control module, with mounting ears, mounting holes, or mounting plates on the side facing the housing 100. Corresponding fixing holes or threaded connections are provided on the outer wall of the housing 100. Fasteners 301 pass through the mounting ears, mounting holes, or mounting plates of the battery management unit 300 and connect to the housing 100, thereby fixing the battery management unit 300 to the outer wall of the housing 100.

[0069] Furthermore, the fastener 301 can be a bolt, screw, or stud connector. A mounting support surface can be provided between the battery management unit 300 and the outer wall of the housing 100, ensuring a stable fit between the battery management unit 300 and the housing 100 after fixing. When improved cushioning or insulation performance is required, gaskets, insulating pads, or vibration-damping pads can also be provided between the battery management unit 300 and the outer wall of the housing 100. Thus, the battery management unit 300 can form a stable external mounting structure relative to the housing 100.

[0070] An external wiring harness is located outside the housing 100 and connects between the sealed adapter 200 and the battery management unit 300. One end of the external wiring harness is detachably connected to the outside of the sealed adapter 200, specifically by plugging, snapping, threading, or connecting to the external terminal 204 of the sealed adapter 200; the other end of the external wiring harness is detachably connected to the connection port of the battery management unit 300, specifically by using a plug-in terminal, quick-connect connector, snap-fit ​​connector, or threaded connector. Through this detachable connection method, the external wiring harness can be removed from the sealed adapter 200 or the battery management unit 300 without disassembling the housing 100.

[0071] Furthermore, the external wiring harness can be arranged along the outer wall of the enclosure 100 and secured to the outside of the enclosure 100 by wiring harness clips, wire clamps, or fixing seats to limit the external wiring harness from shaking or pulling on the sealing adapter 200 relative to the enclosure 100. The end of the external wiring harness connected to the sealing adapter 200 can be equipped with an anti-loosening structure, such as a clip, locking nut, or plug-in locking structure, to reduce the risk of the external wiring harness becoming loose due to vehicle vibration or transportation vibration.

[0072] During use, the battery management unit 300 is fixed to the outer wall of the housing 100. The external wiring harness is connected between the external terminal 204 of the sealing adapter 200 and the battery management unit 300, allowing the cell signals inside the housing 100 to be transmitted to the battery management unit 300 via the sealing adapter 200. When it is necessary to test, replace, or maintain the battery management unit 300, the detachable connection between the external wiring harness and the battery management unit 300 can be disconnected first, and then the fastener 301 can be removed to remove the battery management unit 300 from the outer wall of the housing 100. In this process, it is not necessary to open the housing 100 or damage the sealing fit between the sealing adapter 200 and the housing 100.

[0073] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 2.

[0074] Example 4

[0075] Reference Figure 3This is the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that: the battery cell 101 is provided with an electrical connector 1011; the housing 100 is also provided with a wire frame 103, which is arranged between adjacent battery cells 101 and staggered with the electrical connector 1011. The internal wires that need to be led out of the immersion cavity 102 to the outside of the housing 100 are gathered along the wire frame 103, and the wire frame 103 restricts the internal wires from shifting to the area where the electrical connector 1011 is located.

[0076] Specifically, the electrical connector 1011 can be an aluminum busbar, busbar, connecting piece, or terminal connector that connects adjacent battery cells 101. The electrical connector 1011 is disposed on the upper part or end of the battery cell 101 and is used to form an electrical connection between adjacent battery cells 101. Since the electrical connector 1011 is located in the electrical connection area of ​​the battery cell 101, if the internal wiring harness is arranged directly across or close to the electrical connector 1011, it is easy to shift towards the area where the electrical connector 1011 is located under the influence of assembly, vibration, or immersion medium disturbance. Therefore, in this embodiment, the wire frame 103 guides and limits the internal wiring harness.

[0077] The wire frame 103 is disposed within the gap between adjacent battery cells 101. The wire frame 103 can extend along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 101, or it can extend along the direction in which the internal wire harness converges towards the sealing interface 200. The wire frame 103 and the electrical connector 1011 are spatially staggered, meaning that the wire frame 103 and the electrical connector 1011 avoid each other in the height, width, or horizontal direction, so that when the internal wire harness is arranged along the wire frame 103, it does not enter the main connection area where the electrical connector 1011 is located.

[0078] The wire frame 103 can be a strip-shaped support, a channel-shaped support, a plate-shaped support, or an insulating support with a limiting structure. The wire frame 103 can be fixed to the bottom plate of the housing 100, the inner side wall of the housing 100, the support structure between the battery cells 101, or the fixing structure of the battery cells 101. The wire frame 103 is preferably made of insulating material, or an insulating contact surface is provided at the position where the wire frame 103 contacts the internal wiring harness to reduce the risk of unintended contact between the internal wiring harness and the electrical connector 1011.

[0079] The internal wiring harness may include sampling harnesses, temperature detection harnesses, communication harnesses, or other low-voltage signal harnesses that need to be led out to the outside of the enclosure 100. After being led out from the sampling point, temperature detection point, or communication connection point corresponding to each cell 101, the internal wiring harness gradually converges along the wire frame 103 and extends towards the sealing adapter 200. The wire frame 103 is used to provide a preset routing path for the internal wiring harness, so that the internal wiring harnesses at different locations can be orderly converged to the sealing adapter 200 within the immersion chamber 102.

[0080] Furthermore, the wire frame 103 may be provided with guards, clips, wire clamps, cable tie fixing holes, limiting ribs, or other wire harness limiting structures. After the internal wire harness is arranged along the wire frame 103, it can be fixed to the wire frame 103 by the guards, clips, wire clamps, or cable ties, thereby limiting the internal wire harness from shifting towards the area where the electrical connector 1011 is located. Thus, even under vehicle vibration, housing 100 movement, or immersion medium flow, the internal wire harness can remain within the preset routing path.

[0081] During use, the sampling, temperature detection, or communication signals from the battery cell 101 are led out through the internal wiring harness. The internal wiring harness first converges along the wire frame 103 and then extends towards the sealed adapter 200. Since the wire frame 103 is located between adjacent battery cells 101 and is staggered from the electrical connector 1011, the internal wiring harness can avoid the area where the electrical connector 1011 is located during the convergence process. At the same time, the wire frame 103 limits the internal wiring harness, which can reduce the possibility of the internal wiring harness shifting towards or contacting the electrical connector 1011, thereby improving the orderliness and safety of the wiring harness arrangement in the immersion chamber 102.

[0082] Example 5

[0083] Reference Figures 1-3 This is the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiments is that the internal wiring harness includes at least one of a sampling wiring harness, a temperature detection wiring harness and a communication wiring harness. All internal wiring harnesses that need to be led out to the outside of the housing 100 are led out through the sealed adapter 200.

[0084] Specifically, the sampling harness is used to connect to the voltage sampling point of the battery cell 101 to acquire the voltage signal of the corresponding battery cell 101 or battery cell group. The temperature detection harness is used to connect to temperature detection devices disposed on the surface of the battery cell 101, between the battery cells 101, or near the battery cells 101 to obtain the temperature signal of the corresponding area of ​​the battery cell 101 within the immersion chamber 102. The communication harness is used to realize the communication connection between the detection unit, sampling unit, or other signal components inside the housing 100 and the battery management unit 300 outside the housing 100.

[0085] The internal wiring harness is located within the immersion chamber 102 and is distributed to various sampling points, temperature detection points, or communication connection points according to the corresponding positions of the battery cells 101. The end of the internal wiring harness furthest from the battery cells 101 converges towards the sealing adapter 200 and connects to the side of the sealing adapter 200 located within the immersion chamber 102. Thus, all electrical or detection signals that need to be transmitted from within the immersion chamber 102 to the outside of the enclosure 100 are centrally transferred through the sealing adapter 200.

[0086] Furthermore, when the internal wiring harness includes sampling wiring harness, temperature detection wiring harness, and communication wiring harness, each type of wiring harness can be converged to the sealing adapter 200 along a preset wiring path, or the wiring harness can be bundled together near the sealing adapter 200 before being connected to the sealing adapter 200. The sealing adapter 200 can be provided with multiple connection positions, multiple terminal positions, or multi-core connection structures to connect different types of internal wiring harnesses respectively.

[0087] It should be noted that in this embodiment, all internal wiring harnesses that need to be led out to the outside of the enclosure 100 are led out through the sealed adapter 200. This means that the internal wiring harnesses do not directly pass through the enclosure wall of the enclosure 100 to lead outwards, but are first connected to the sealed adapter 200, and then connected to the external wiring harnesses outside the enclosure 100 through the sealed adapter 200. This reduces the need to open multiple wiring harness exit points on the enclosure 100, and concentrates the external lead-out paths of the signal wiring harnesses inside the enclosure 100 at the sealed adapter 200.

[0088] During use, at least one of the sampling harness, temperature detection harness, and communication harness acquires signals from the corresponding battery cell 101 or detection component, and then converges as internal harnesses to the sealing adapter 200. The sealing adapter 200 transfers the signals from the internal harnesses to the outside of the housing 100, and then the external harnesses transmit them to the battery management unit 300. Since all internal harnesses that need to be led out of the housing 100 are led out through the same sealing adapter 200 or a similar sealing adapter 200, the weak sealing points caused by the harnesses directly passing through the housing 100 can be reduced, and the centralized arrangement of the internal harnesses and external maintenance connections of the housing 100 can be facilitated.

[0089] Example 6

[0090] Reference Figure 4 This is the sixth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that: an insulating filler 104 is provided in the immersion cavity 102. The insulating filler 104 fills the gaps between adjacent cells 101 and / or the remaining dead corner gaps in the housing 100, so as to reduce the amount of immersion medium in the immersion cavity 102.

[0091] Specifically, multiple battery cells 101 are arranged in rows within the immersion chamber 102, with longitudinal gaps extending along the arrangement direction of adjacent battery cell rows between them. A transverse gap, not occupied by the battery cells 101, internal wiring harnesses, or other functional components, is also formed between the end of each battery cell 101 and the inner wall of the housing 100. Insulating fillers 104 are provided according to the shape and size of the corresponding gaps, and at least partially occupy the aforementioned longitudinal and transverse gaps.

[0092] The insulating filler 104 may include longitudinal fillers and transverse fillers. The longitudinal filler is a long strip-shaped or long block-shaped structure arranged along the extension direction of the cell array and disposed between adjacent cell arrays; the transverse filler is a plate-shaped or block-shaped structure arranged along the width direction of the housing 100 and disposed between the end of the cell array and the inner wall of the housing 100. One or more longitudinal and transverse fillers may be provided, and their specific quantity and size can be determined according to the arrangement of the cells 101 and the shape of the remaining space within the immersion chamber 102.

[0093] In this embodiment, the insulating filler 104 is made of polypropylene. Polypropylene is insulating and suitable for immersion in fluorinated liquid environments. The outer surface of the insulating filler 104 can be adapted to the contour of the corresponding gap to occupy part of the space in the immersion cavity 102 that does not need to be filled by the immersion medium, while avoiding the battery cell 101, internal wiring harness, electrical connector 1011 and other internal components.

[0094] It should be noted that the insulating filler 104 is not used to replace all the immersion medium around the battery cell 101, but rather to reduce the volume of immersion medium required to fill the immersion cavity 102 when it reaches the predetermined liquid level by occupying part of the non-functional empty volume within the immersion cavity 102. An appropriate gap can be maintained between the insulating filler 104 and the battery cell 101 and the housing 100 as needed for assembly, to facilitate assembly and allow the immersion medium to reach the areas requiring immersion and insulation protection.

[0095] In one specific structure of this embodiment, the vacant volume occupied by the insulating filler 104 is approximately 11L. When the immersion medium is a fluorinated liquid with a density of approximately 1.83 kg / L, the amount of fluorinated liquid reduced by the insulating filler 104 is approximately: 11L × 1.83kg / L = 20.13kg.

[0096] Therefore, in this specific structure, the insulating filler 104 can reduce the fluoride filling volume by approximately 11L, which translates to a reduction of approximately 20kg of fluoride usage. Since this data does not deduct the mass of the insulating filler 104 itself, it represents the mass of fluoride saved, not the overall weight reduction of the submerged battery pack assembly.

[0097] During use, before or during the filling of the fluorinated liquid into the immersion chamber 102, insulating fillers 104 are respectively placed in the gaps between adjacent battery cells 101 and in the remaining dead space gaps within the housing 100. The insulating fillers 104 occupy part of the empty space using their own volume, thus reducing the volume of fluorinated liquid required to reach the same predetermined liquid level in the immersion chamber 102. This reduces the amount of fluorinated liquid used and material costs while maintaining the immersion of the battery cells 101 and their electrical connection areas.

[0098] Example 7

[0099] Reference Figures 5-7 This is the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Unlike the previous embodiments, this embodiment also includes a liquid cooling plate 400, which forms at least a part of the bottom plate of the housing 100. The liquid cooling plate 400 is provided with a plurality of flow channel groups 401, and a partition 402 is provided between adjacent flow channel groups 401 to guide the cooling medium to change its flow direction. The liquid cooling plate 400 is provided with a medium inlet 403 and a medium outlet 404. A liquid outlet manifold 405 is provided at the medium outlet 404. The liquid outlet manifold 405 is connected to the flow channels in the flow channel group 401 to collect and discharge the cooling medium in the flow channels.

[0100] Specifically, the liquid cooling plate 400 can be a plate-like structure and is located in the bottom region of the housing 100. The liquid cooling plate 400 is not a separate liquid cooling component placed independently within the immersion chamber 102, but rather participates in forming the bottom bearing surface of the housing 100 as part of the bottom plate structure. That is, the upper side of the liquid cooling plate 400 can face the immersion chamber 102, and the lower side of the liquid cooling plate 400 can face the outside of the housing 100 or the bottom mounting space. With this arrangement, the liquid cooling plate 400 provides bottom support while its internal flow channels allow for the flow of cooling medium, thus forming an auxiliary heat exchange structure integrated into the bottom plate of the housing 100.

[0101] Sub-plate 406 is formed by extrusion of aluminum profile, and each sub-plate 406 has a flow channel assembly 401 inside. The adjacent edges of two adjacent sub-plates 406 are butted together and connected by welding to form a connection part 4061.

[0102] The connecting portion 4061 includes a weld that extends continuously along the adjacent edges of two adjacent sub-plates 406. The weld seals the splicing gap between the two adjacent sub-plates 406, connecting the two sub-plates 406 to form an integral liquid cooling plate 400. The continuous weld not only achieves the structural connection of the sub-plates 406, but also seals the connection position between the sub-plates 406 to reduce the leakage of cooling medium from the connecting portion 4061 to the outside of the liquid cooling plate 400.

[0103] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 400 is a component in the battery pack assembly that is welded to form a sealed connection. The housing 100 and the top cover, the sealing adapter 200 and the housing 100, and the wiring harness connection positions are sealed by sealing rings, sealing elements, or sealant, respectively, instead of being connected by welding.

[0104] Multiple flow channel groups 401 disposed within the liquid cooling plate 400 can be arranged at intervals along the length or width direction of the liquid cooling plate 400. Each flow channel group 401 includes at least one flow channel for the flow of cooling medium, and multiple flow channel groups 401 together cover the main bottom plate area of ​​the liquid cooling plate 400. Since the liquid cooling plate 400 is part of the bottom plate of the housing 100, the flow channel groups 401 can be arranged below multiple battery cells 101, so that when the cooling medium flows within the liquid cooling plate 400, it can provide auxiliary heat exchange to the area where the battery cells 101 are located.

[0105] A baffle 402 is disposed inside the liquid cooling plate 400. The baffle 402 can be plate-shaped, rib-shaped, or baffle-like, and is connected to the inner wall of the liquid cooling plate 400. The baffle 402 is disposed between adjacent flow channel groups 401 to separate adjacent flow channel groups 401 and define the communication position between adjacent flow channel groups 401. This causes the cooling medium to change direction when flowing from one flow channel group 401 to an adjacent flow channel group 401, so that the cooling medium does not flow directly through the liquid cooling plate 400 in a single straight line, but forms a zigzag flow path between adjacent flow channel groups 401. By setting the baffle 402, the flow coverage of the cooling medium within the liquid cooling plate 400 can be increased, allowing the cooling medium to pass through different areas of the bottom of the corresponding cell 101, which helps to reduce the situation of insufficient heat exchange in local areas.

[0106] A medium inlet 403 is located on one side of the liquid cooling plate 400, allowing the cooling medium to enter the flow channel assembly 401 inside the liquid cooling plate 400. A medium outlet 404 is located on the other side of the liquid cooling plate 400, allowing the cooling medium that has flowed through the flow channel assembly 401 to exit the liquid cooling plate 400. The medium inlet 403 and the medium outlet 404 can be connected to external cooling pipes, allowing the cooling medium to circulate between the liquid cooling plate 400 and the external cooling system.

[0107] The liquid outlet manifold 405 is located at the medium outlet 404 and on one side of the liquid outlet end of the flow channel assembly 401. The liquid outlet manifold 405 can be a cavity structure extending along the arrangement direction of the liquid outlet ends of multiple flow channels. One side of it communicates with the flow channels within the flow channel assembly 401, and the other side communicates with the medium outlet 404. After the cooling medium in the flow channel assembly 401 flows to the liquid outlet end, it first enters the liquid outlet manifold 405 for collection, and then is discharged from the medium outlet 404. Therefore, the liquid outlet manifold 405 can centrally collect the liquid from multiple flow channels, reducing the problem of dispersed drainage paths caused by separate liquid outlets from multiple flow channels.

[0108] The liquid-cooled plate 400, as part of the bottom plate of the enclosure 100, integrates the liquid-cooling structure with the bottom load-bearing structure of the enclosure 100, reducing the space occupied by additional liquid-cooling components within the immersion chamber 102. Multiple flow channel groups 401 form zoned flow paths within the liquid-cooled plate 400, causing the cooling medium to change direction as it flows from one flow channel group 401 to an adjacent flow channel group 401. The liquid outlet manifold 405 collects and discharges the cooling medium at the medium outlet 404. With the above structures in place, the liquid-cooled plate 400 can achieve auxiliary heat exchange and centralized discharge of the cooling medium in the bottom region of the enclosure 100 without altering the main layout space of the immersion chamber 102.

[0109] During operation, the cooling medium enters the liquid-cooled plate 400 through the medium inlet 403 and is distributed to the flow channel groups 401 within the liquid-cooled plate 400. As the cooling medium flows from one flow channel group 401 to an adjacent flow channel group 401, it is guided by the partition 402 to change its flow direction and flows along the area covered by the flow channel group 401 through the bottom of the housing 100. The cooling medium flowing to the outlet end enters the outlet manifold 405 and is collected, then discharged from the liquid-cooled plate 400 through the medium outlet 404. Since the liquid-cooled plate 400 constitutes at least part of the bottom plate of the housing 100, the cooling medium can form an auxiliary heat exchange path at the bottom of the housing 100. Simultaneously, the outlet manifold 405 can centrally discharge the cooling medium from each flow channel, reducing the retention of the cooling medium at the end of the flow channels.

[0110] Example 8

[0111] Reference Figure 8 This is the eighth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that the liquid cooling plate 400 is formed by connecting at least two sub-plates 406. A thickened connecting portion 4061 is formed at the connection between two adjacent sub-plates 406. The connecting portion 4061 is located below between two adjacent rows of battery cells 101 and extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 101.

[0112] Specifically, the sub-plate 406 can be an aluminum profile extrusion, and each sub-plate 406 has a flow channel assembly 401 for the flow of cooling medium. At least two sub-plates 406 are arranged side by side along the width or length direction of the housing 100, and form an integral base plate structure of the liquid cooling plate 400 by splicing, welding or other fixed connection methods. Compared with extruding the liquid cooling plate 400 as a whole in one piece, the method of connecting multiple sub-plates 406 can reduce the width of a single profile and the forming difficulty, and facilitate the processing of sub-plates 406 using lower tonnage extrusion equipment.

[0113] A connecting portion 4061 is formed at the junction of two adjacent sub-plates 406. The connecting portion 4061 can be a welded connection, a spliced ​​pressing part, or a weld reinforcement part. As a specific embodiment, the adjacent edges of the two sub-plates 406 are butted together, and a welded connection is formed along the butt joint edges. The welded connection area constitutes a thickened connecting portion 4061. The thickness of the connecting portion 4061 can be greater than the main body thickness of the sub-plate 406 located at the flow channel assembly 401, so that the connecting portion 4061 strengthens the central region of the liquid cooling plate 400 while connecting adjacent sub-plates 406.

[0114] The connecting portion 4061 is located below the space between two adjacent rows of battery cells 101. That is, when multiple battery cells 101 are arranged in rows within the housing 100, the connecting portion 4061 does not directly correspond to the center below a single battery cell 101, but rather corresponds to the space between two adjacent rows of battery cells 101. Through this positional relationship, the connecting portion 4061 can avoid the main pressure-bearing area of ​​the battery cell 101, while simultaneously forming a bottom reinforcement structure extending along the arrangement direction between two adjacent rows of battery cells 101.

[0115] Furthermore, the connecting portion 4061 extends along the arrangement direction of the battery cells 101, which can be understood as the extension direction of the connecting portion 4061 being consistent with the arrangement direction of two adjacent rows of battery cells 101. The connecting portion 4061 can extend from one end of the liquid cooling plate 400 to the other end, or it can extend in segments along the area between two adjacent rows of battery cells 101. Through this extension method, the connecting portion 4061 can form a continuous or nearly continuous reinforcing band in the middle of the liquid cooling plate 400, improving the overall support capacity of the liquid cooling plate 400 when it serves as the bottom plate of the housing 100.

[0116] The connecting portion 4061 serves two purposes: firstly, it connects two adjacent sub-plates 406, allowing multiple sub-plates 406 to form an integral liquid cooling plate 400; secondly, because the connecting portion 4061 is a thickened structure and located below between two adjacent rows of battery cells 101, it can improve the structural strength of the area corresponding to the battery cell 101 arrangement on the bottom plate of the housing 100 without significantly occupying the internal space of the immersion cavity 102. This structure also helps the liquid cooling plate 400 to meet the flow channel arrangement requirements while taking into account the load-bearing capacity and processing feasibility of the bottom plate.

[0117] During use, the battery cell 101 is installed inside the housing 100 and located above the liquid cooling plate 400. The liquid cooling plate 400, as part of the bottom plate of the housing 100, supports the battery cell 101. Two adjacent sub-plates 406 are connected as a whole by a connecting part 4061. The connecting part 4061 extends below between the two adjacent rows of battery cells 101, so that the liquid cooling plate 400 forms a reinforced support in the area where the battery cells 101 are arranged. When the cooling medium flows in the flow channel group 401 of each sub-plate 406, the connecting part 4061 does not affect the basic flow path of the flow channel group 401 in each sub-plate 406, and at the same time can improve the overall structural strength and assembly stability of the liquid cooling plate 400.

[0118] Example 9

[0119] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 This is the ninth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that: the partition 402 is disposed between adjacent flow channel groups 401, one end of the partition 402 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid cooling plate 400, and the other end of the partition 402 is provided with a flow gap 4021 between it and the opposite inner wall of the liquid cooling plate 400. The cooling medium flows back and forth between adjacent flow channel groups 401 through the flow gap 4021.

[0120] Specifically, multiple flow channel groups 401 are arranged side by side within the liquid cooling plate 400, and adjacent flow channel groups 401 are separated by a partition 402. The partition 402 can be a plate-shaped partition structure arranged along the extension direction of the flow channel group 401. The partition 402 is used to block part of the connecting area between adjacent flow channel groups 401, so that the cooling medium cannot flow arbitrarily laterally between adjacent flow channel groups 401, but flows in the direction defined by the partition 402.

[0121] One end of the baffle 402 is connected to the inner wall of one side of the liquid cooling plate 400, forming a sealing end; the other end of the baffle 402 forms a flow gap 4021 between itself and the opposite inner wall of the liquid cooling plate 400, forming a flow end. After the cooling medium flows to the end of the flow gap 4021 in a flow channel group 401, it can enter the adjacent flow channel group 401 through the flow gap 4021 and continue to flow in the opposite direction or in a reversible direction in the adjacent flow channel group 401.

[0122] Furthermore, when the liquid cooling plate 400 is provided with multiple flow channel groups 401, the flow gaps 4021 of adjacent baffles 402 can be alternately arranged on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 400. That is, for one baffle 402, one end is connected to one inner wall of the liquid cooling plate 400, and the other end forms a flow gap 4021 between it and the other inner wall of the liquid cooling plate 400; for another adjacent baffle 402, one end is connected to the other inner wall of the liquid cooling plate 400, and the other end forms a flow gap 4021 between it and one inner wall of the liquid cooling plate 400. By alternately arranging the sealing end and the flow end of adjacent baffles 402, the cooling medium can flow back and forth sequentially among the multiple flow channel groups 401.

[0123] The baffle 402 is mainly used to separate adjacent flow channel groups 401 and to control the connection position between adjacent flow channel groups 401 through the flow gap 4021. With this structure, when the cooling medium enters an adjacent flow channel group 401 from one flow channel group 401, it needs to change direction at the flow gap 4021, thus forming a serpentine or reciprocating flow path within the liquid cooling plate 400. This flow path increases the flow path of the cooling medium within the liquid cooling plate 400, allowing the cooling medium to cover more of the bottom area of ​​the housing 100.

[0124] During operation, after the cooling medium enters the liquid cooling plate 400, it first flows along a flow channel group 401. When the cooling medium reaches the flow gap 4021 at the end of the flow channel group 401, it passes through the flow gap 4021, bypasses the baffle 402, and enters the adjacent flow channel group 401. Subsequently, the cooling medium flows in the opposite direction or backflow within the adjacent flow channel group 401. After passing through multiple flow channel groups 401 and multiple alternately arranged flow gaps 4021 in sequence, the cooling medium flows to the liquid outlet manifold 405 and is discharged from the medium outlet 404.

[0125] Example 10

[0126] Reference Figure 8 This is the tenth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that: each flow channel group 401 includes a plurality of parallel fine flow channels 4011, the liquid outlet manifold 405 extends along the arrangement direction of the plurality of fine flow channels 4011 and is simultaneously connected to the liquid outlet end of each fine flow channel 4011; flow channel ribs 4012 are provided between adjacent fine flow channels 4011, and the flow channel ribs 4012 are integrally formed with the sub-plate 406.

[0127] Specifically, the flow channel group 401 can be a flow channel region disposed within the sub-plate 406, wherein a plurality of fine flow channels 4011 are arranged side by side along the width direction of the sub-plate 406 within the flow channel region. The plurality of fine flow channels 4011 can extend in the same direction and together form a flow distribution heat exchange channel within a flow channel group 401. As a specific embodiment, each flow channel group 401 includes four parallel fine flow channels 4011 to achieve a balance between heat exchange area, flow resistance, profile extrusion molding difficulty, and overall strength of the sub-plate 406.

[0128] A flow channel rib 4012 is provided between two adjacent fine flow channels 4011. The flow channel rib 4012 can be a strip-shaped rib structure extending along the extension direction of the fine flow channel 4011, and the two sides of the flow channel rib 4012 respectively define the sidewalls of the two adjacent fine flow channels 4011. The flow channel rib 4012 is integrally formed with the sub-plate 406, specifically, it can be formed simultaneously when the sub-plate 406 is extruded from aluminum profile, so that the fine flow channel 4011 and the flow channel rib 4012 become an integral flow channel structure inside the sub-plate 406.

[0129] It should be noted that the flow channel ribs 4012 and the baffles 402 serve different functions. The baffles 402 are placed between adjacent flow channel groups 401, guiding the cooling medium to flow back and forth between them by sealing one end and forming a flow gap 4021 at the other. The flow channel ribs 4012, on the other hand, are placed within the same flow channel group 401 to divide it into several parallel narrow channels 4011. Neither end of the flow channel rib 4012 is completely sealed to the corresponding end of the liquid cooling plate 400; both ends of the flow channel rib 4012 form a connecting space for the distribution or collection of the cooling medium, allowing several narrow channels 4011 within the same flow channel group 401 to split at the inlet side and converge at the outlet side.

[0130] The liquid outlet manifold 405 is located on the liquid outlet side of the flow channel group 401 and extends along the arrangement direction of several narrow flow channels 4011. The liquid outlet end of each narrow flow channel 4011 is connected to the liquid outlet manifold 405, so that the cooling medium in the same flow channel group 401 can simultaneously enter the liquid outlet manifold 405 and collect after flowing through several narrow flow channels 4011, and then be discharged from the medium outlet 404. This avoids the structural complexity caused by setting independent liquid outlet paths for each narrow flow channel 4011, and also facilitates the rapid and concentrated discharge of the cooling medium on the liquid outlet side.

[0131] Each flow channel group 401 is divided into several narrow flow channels 4011, which increases the contact area between the cooling medium and the inner wall of the sub-plate 406 under the same flow rate conditions, thereby improving the heat exchange coverage of the liquid cooling plate 400. The flow channel ribs 4012 formed between adjacent narrow flow channels 4011 not only separate the flow channels but also serve as reinforcing ribs inside the sub-plate 406, improving the structural strength of the sub-plate 406 as a component of the bottom plate of the housing 100. Taking a flow channel group 401 including four narrow flow channels 4011 as an example, it can provide a larger contact area compared to a smaller number of narrow flow channels 4011; compared to a larger number of narrow flow channels 4011, it can reduce the difficulty of aluminum profile extrusion molding.

[0132] During operation, after the cooling medium enters the flow channel assembly 401, it is distributed at the inlet side of the flow channel assembly 401 into several parallel narrow channels 4011, and flows along each narrow channel 4011. As the cooling medium flows within the narrow channels 4011, it exchanges heat with the inner wall of the narrow channels 4011. The flow channel ribs 4012 between adjacent narrow channels 4011 separate and guide the cooling medium, and also provide internal reinforcement to the sub-plate 406. After flowing to the outlet end of each narrow channel 4011, the cooling medium simultaneously enters the outlet manifold 405 and collects, then exits through the medium outlet 404 from the liquid cooling plate 400.

[0133] Example 11

[0134] Reference Figures 5-8 This is the eleventh embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that the medium inlet 403 and the medium outlet 404 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 400, so that the cooling medium enters from one side of the liquid cooling plate 400 and exits from the other side.

[0135] Specifically, the liquid cooling plate 400 may have a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other along a first direction. The medium inlet 403 is disposed on the first side, and the medium outlet 404 is disposed on the second side. The first side and the second side may correspond to the left and right sides of the liquid cooling plate 400, respectively, or they may correspond to the two ends of the liquid cooling plate 400 along the length of the housing 100, respectively. Thus, the cooling medium can enter the interior of the liquid cooling plate 400 from one side, and after flowing through the flow channel inside the liquid cooling plate 400, it can be discharged from the opposite side of the liquid cooling plate 400.

[0136] The medium inlet 403 can be a liquid inlet port located on the side of the liquid cooling plate 400, and the medium outlet 404 can be a liquid outlet port located on the other side of the liquid cooling plate 400. Both the medium inlet 403 and the medium outlet 404 can be connected to external cooling pipelines. The medium inlet 403 is used to receive the cooling medium delivered by the external cooling pipelines, and the medium outlet 404 is used to discharge the cooling medium that has flowed through the liquid cooling plate 400 back to the external cooling pipelines.

[0137] Furthermore, the medium inlet 403 and the medium outlet 404 are located on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 400, allowing the cooling medium to have a flow path across the main body area of ​​the liquid cooling plate 400. Compared to a structure where the inlet and outlet are located on the same side, this arrangement allows the cooling medium to enter from one side, pass through a larger coverage area inside the liquid cooling plate 400, and then exit from the other side, which is beneficial for the cooling medium to pass through multiple areas at the bottom of the corresponding battery cell 101.

[0138] In one specific configuration, the medium inlet 403 can be located on the right side of the liquid cooling plate 400, and the medium outlet 404 can be located on the left side of the liquid cooling plate 400, creating a right-in, left-out flow pattern for the cooling medium. After entering through the medium inlet 403, the cooling medium passes through the flow channel structure within the liquid cooling plate 400 and finally converges at the side where the medium outlet 404 is located. This configuration allows for easy connection of the inlet and outlet pipes to opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 400, based on the available space for external piping within the housing 100.

[0139] With the medium inlet 403 and the medium outlet 404 positioned opposite each other, the cooling medium flow path within the liquid cooling plate 400 can extend from one side of the liquid cooling plate 400 to the other side, reducing the possibility of short-circuit flow of the cooling medium in a local area of ​​the liquid cooling plate 400, and ensuring that the bottom area of ​​the liquid cooling plate 400 receives a more uniform cooling medium flow coverage.

[0140] During operation, the external cooling medium enters the liquid cooling plate 400 through the medium inlet 403 and flows along the internal flow channels of the liquid cooling plate 400 from the side where the medium inlet 403 is located to the side where the medium outlet 404 is located. During its flow, the cooling medium passes through multiple areas of the liquid cooling plate 400 corresponding to the bottom of the housing 100, and then exits the liquid cooling plate 400 at the side where the medium outlet 404 is located. By setting the medium inlet 403 and the medium outlet 404 on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate 400, the cooling medium can form an overall flow path with liquid entering on one side and exiting on the opposite side.

[0141] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be altered or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments but extends to a variety of modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0142] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the currently considered best mode for carrying out the invention, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0143] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A submersible battery pack assembly, comprising a housing (100) and a plurality of battery cells (101) disposed within the housing (100), characterized in that, It also includes a sealed adapter (200) and a battery management unit (300); An immersion chamber (102) for containing an immersion medium is formed inside the housing (100), and a plurality of the battery cells (101) are disposed inside the immersion chamber (102); The sealing adapter (200) is disposed on the wall of the housing (100) and is separated between the immersion chamber (102) and the outside of the housing (100). The battery cell (101) is connected to the sealing adapter (200) through an internal wiring harness. The battery management unit (300) is installed outside the housing (100) and connected to the sealed adapter (200) via an external wiring harness. The sealing adapter (200) includes an adapter (201), a seal (202), an inner end (203), and an outer end (204). The adapter (201) passes through the wall of the housing (100), and the sealing element (202) is disposed between the adapter (201) and the wall of the housing (100); The inner terminal (203) is located inside the immersion chamber (102) and connected to the battery cell (101) via an internal wiring harness. The outer terminal (204) is located outside the housing (100) and connected to the battery management unit (300) via an external wiring harness.

2. The submersible battery pack assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery management unit (300) is fixed to the outer wall of the housing (100) by fasteners (301). One end of the external wiring harness is detachably connected to the outside of the sealing adapter (200), and the other end is detachably connected to the battery management unit (300).

3. The submersible battery pack assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The battery cell (101) is provided with an electrical connector (1011); the housing (100) is also provided with a wire frame (103), which is located between adjacent battery cells (101) and is staggered from the electrical connector (1011). The internal wires that need to be led out of the immersion cavity (102) to the outside of the housing (100) are gathered along the wire frame (103), and the wire frame (103) restricts the internal wires from shifting to the area where the electrical connector (1011) is located.

4. The submersible battery pack assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wire frame (103) is disposed in the gap between two adjacent battery cells (101). The wire frame (103) is provided with a wiring groove (1031) for the internal wire harness to pass through. The internal wire harness converges towards the sealing adapter (200) through the wiring groove (1031).

5. The submersible battery pack assembly according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4, characterized in that: The immersion chamber (102) is provided with an insulating filler (104), which fills the gaps between adjacent cells (101) and / or the remaining dead corner gaps in the housing (100) to reduce the amount of immersion medium in the immersion chamber (102).

6. The submersible battery pack assembly according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 4, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid cooling plate (400) for forming at least a portion of the base plate of the housing (100); The liquid cooling plate (400) is provided with multiple flow channel groups (401), and a baffle (402) is provided between adjacent flow channel groups (401) to guide the cooling medium to change its flow direction. The liquid cooling plate (400) is provided with a medium inlet (403) and a medium outlet (404). The medium outlet (404) is provided with a liquid outlet manifold (405). The liquid outlet manifold (405) is connected to the flow channel in the flow channel group (401) to collect and discharge the cooling medium in the flow channel.

7. The submersible battery pack assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate (400) is formed by connecting at least two sub-plates (406). A thickened connecting part (4061) is formed at the connection between two adjacent sub-plates (406). The connecting part (4061) is located below the adjacent rows of cells (101) and extends along the arrangement direction of the cells (101).

8. The submersible battery pack assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the partition (402) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the liquid cooling plate (400), and the other end of the partition (402) is left with a flow gap (4021) between the opposite inner wall of the liquid cooling plate (400). The cooling medium flows back and forth between adjacent flow channel groups (401) through the flow gap (4021).

9. The submersible battery pack assembly according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: Each of the flow channel groups (401) includes a plurality of parallel fine flow channels (4011), and the liquid outlet manifold (405) extends along the arrangement direction of the plurality of fine flow channels (4011) and is simultaneously connected to the liquid outlet end of each fine flow channel (4011). A flow channel rib (4012) is provided between adjacent flow channels (4011), and the flow channel rib (4012) is integrally formed with the sub-plate (406).

10. The submersible battery pack assembly according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The medium inlet (403) and the medium outlet (404) are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the liquid cooling plate (400) so that the cooling medium enters from one side of the liquid cooling plate (400) and exits from the other side.

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