Tri-polarized antennas, arrays, control methods, and media

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of antennas and provides a tri-polarization antenna, an array, a control method and a medium, wherein the tri-polarization antenna comprises a substrate group comprising a first substrate, a second substrate and a third substrate; a circular polarization unit is arranged on the upper surface of the first substrate; a dual-linear polarization unit is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the vertical projection of the circular polarization unit at least partially overlaps with the dual-linear polarization unit; an antenna ground layer is arranged between the second substrate and the third substrate; a circular polarization feed unit is arranged on the lower surface of the third substrate, and the circular polarization feed unit is connected with the circular polarization unit through a penetrating connection structure; and a dual-linear polarization feed unit is arranged on the lower surface of the third substrate. Circular polarization and two-way orthogonal linear polarization can independently work, and the main radiation directions of the three-way polarization remain consistent in the normal direction of the substrate group in the mode of two-way orthogonal linear polarization combined with one-way circular polarization, so that directional radiation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to tripolar antennas, arrays, control methods and media. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of low-Earth orbit satellite internet and direct satellite connection technology for mobile phones, satellite-borne phased array antennas have become one of the core components of satellite communication payloads. In order to improve uplink gain and be compatible with the polarization characteristics of ground terminals, satellite antennas usually need to be able to support multiple polarizations. In the field of multi-polarization antenna technology, multi-layer radiator stacking structure is one of the mainstream technical routes, which achieves multi-band or multi-polarization coverage by stacking multiple radiating patches in the vertical direction.

[0003] However, in existing technologies, multi-polarization antenna solutions generally employ single-port feeding or switching-based feeding schemes. While these solutions cover multiple frequency bands in terms of impedance matching, they cannot support independent operation of multiple polarization modes, thus limiting the system's polarization multiplexing capability in complex communication scenarios. Furthermore, existing structures typically employing three orthogonal linear polarizations cannot ensure that the main radiation directions of each polarization remain consistent, failing to meet the requirements for directional radiation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a tripolar antenna, array, control method, and medium to address the shortcomings of existing technologies where multipolar antennas cannot operate independently and where the main radiation direction is inconsistent.

[0005] This application provides a tripolar antenna, including: The substrate assembly includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a third substrate stacked from top to bottom; A circular polarization unit is disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate; A dual-line polarization unit is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the vertical projection of the circular polarization unit at least partially overlaps with the dual-line polarization unit; An antenna ground layer is disposed between the second substrate and the third substrate; A circularly polarized power supply unit is disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate. The substrate assembly is provided with a through-connection structure, and the circularly polarized power supply unit is connected to the circularly polarized unit through the through-connection structure. A dual-line polarization feed unit is disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate. The dual-line polarization feed unit is used to excite the dual-line polarization unit to perform linear polarization in two orthogonal directions.

[0006] The tri-polarized antenna provided in this application further includes a feed shielding structure disposed on the substrate assembly, the feed shielding structure surrounding the through-connection structure, the feed shielding structure being connected to the antenna ground layer, and the feed shielding structure being used to isolate the through-connection structure from the dual-polarized unit.

[0007] According to the tri-polarized antenna provided in this application, the through-connection structure includes a feed probe that penetrates the substrate assembly, the dual-polarization unit is provided with a first isolation hole, the antenna ground layer is provided with a second isolation hole, the feed probe is located in the first isolation hole and the second isolation hole, one end of the feed probe is connected to the circularly polarized feed unit, and the other end of the feed probe is connected to the circularly polarized unit.

[0008] According to the tri-polarized antenna provided in this application, the feeding shielding structure includes at least four first metal vias disposed on the substrate group. The first metal vias are evenly arranged around the feeding probe. The circular polarization unit is provided with a third isolation hole corresponding to each of the first metal vias. The first metal vias are located in the third isolation holes. The first metal vias are connected to the dual-polarization unit and the antenna ground layer.

[0009] According to the tripolar antenna provided in this application, the feeding shielding structure includes eight first metal vias, and / or, the first metal vias penetrate the substrate assembly.

[0010] The tri-polarized antenna provided in this application further includes a symmetrical supplementary structure disposed on the substrate group, wherein the symmetrical supplementary structure and the feeding shielding structure are both connected to the dual-polarized unit and the antenna ground layer. With the center point of the dual-polarization unit as the center of symmetry, the positions of the symmetrical supplementary structure and the center point of the power supply shielding structure are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner.

[0011] According to the tri-polarized antenna provided in this application, the symmetrical supplementary structure includes three second metal vias disposed on the substrate group, the circular polarization unit is provided with a fourth isolation hole corresponding to each of the second metal vias, the second metal vias are located in the fourth isolation hole, and the second metal vias are respectively connected to the dual-line polarization unit and the antenna ground layer; With the center point of the dual-polarization unit as the center of symmetry, the positions of the three second metal vias are arranged in a cross shape with the center point of the power supply shielding structure.

[0012] According to the tripolar antenna provided in this application, the second metal via penetrates the substrate assembly.

[0013] According to the tri-polarized antenna provided in this application, the circularly polarized feed unit includes a circularly polarized feed line, a patch capacitor, and a circularly polarized feed pad disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate. The circularly polarized feed line is connected to the through-connection structure, and the circularly polarized feed line is connected to the circularly polarized feed pad through the patch capacitor.

[0014] According to the tri-polarized antenna provided in this application, the dual-polarized feed unit includes a first linearly polarized feed line and a second linearly polarized feed line. The straight line containing the first linearly polarized feed line is perpendicular to the straight line containing the second linearly polarized feed line. The antenna ground layer is provided with a first coupling slot and a second coupling slot. The first coupling slot is located between the dual-polarized unit and the first linearly polarized feed line, and the second coupling slot is located between the dual-polarized unit and the second linearly polarized feed line. The vertical projection of the first coupling slot is perpendicular to the first linearly polarized feed line, and the vertical projection of the second coupling slot is perpendicular to the second linearly polarized feed line.

[0015] According to the tri-polarized antenna provided in this application, the circular polarization unit includes a circular polarization chamfer patch, the circular polarization chamfer patch is disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate, and the circular polarization feeding unit is connected to the circular polarization chamfer patch through the through-connection structure; And / or, the dual-polarization unit includes a dual-polarization patch disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

[0016] This application also provides an antenna array, including a plurality of the above-described tripolar antennas, wherein the plurality of said substrate groups are arranged in an array.

[0017] The antenna array provided in this application includes sixteen of the aforementioned tri-polarized antennas, and the sixteen substrate groups are arranged in a 4 4. Array arrangement.

[0018] According to the antenna array provided in this application, the adjacent substrate groups are arranged at angles differing by 90°, in 2 The substrate groups in the two subarrays are set at angles of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively.

[0019] This application also provides an antenna array control method, applied to the aforementioned antenna array, including: Acquire amplitude and phase imbalance information, which characterizes the amplitude and phase imbalance degree between corresponding linear polarization ports of adjacent tri-polarized antennas; Based on the amplitude-phase imbalance information, determine the phase compensation value corresponding to each of the three-polarized antennas; Based on the setting angle of the tripolar antenna and the corresponding phase compensation value, the excitation signal corresponding to the tripolar antenna is determined; The excitation signal is used to counteract the polarization deflection caused by the internal asymmetry of the tripolar antenna.

[0020] This application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the antenna array control method described above.

[0021] The tri-polarized antenna, array, control method, and dielectric provided in this application have at least the following advantages: Based on a substrate assembly consisting of a first substrate, a second substrate, and a third substrate, a circularly polarized unit is disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate, and a dual-polarized unit is disposed between the first and second substrates. The vertical projection of the circularly polarized unit at least partially overlaps with the dual-polarized unit, thereby achieving vertical stacking of the circularly polarized unit and the dual-polarized unit with a common aperture, which helps reduce the occupied area. An antenna ground layer is disposed between the second and third substrates, serving as a common reference ground and providing electromagnetic isolation. A circularly polarized feed unit and a dual-polarized feed unit are disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate. The bottom circularly polarized feed unit is connected to the top circularly polarized unit through a through-connection structure that penetrates the substrate assembly, and the dual-polarized feed unit excites the dual-polarized unit. In this way, the circular polarization unit and the dual linear polarization unit are fed separately, so that the circular polarization and the two orthogonal linear polarizations can work independently. Furthermore, by combining the two orthogonal linear polarizations with the one circular polarization, the main radiation direction of the three polarizations remains consistent in the normal direction of the substrate group, which is beneficial for achieving directional radiation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tripolar antenna provided in this application.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the tripolar antenna provided in this application.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower surface layer of the third substrate in the tripolar antenna provided in this application.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the second substrate and the third substrate in the tripolar antenna provided in this application.

[0027] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the first substrate and the second substrate in the tripolar antenna provided in this application.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper surface layer of the first substrate in the tripolar antenna provided in this application.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the three-port reflection coefficient data of the tripolarized antenna provided in this application.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the three-port isolation of the tri-polarized antenna provided in this application.

[0031] Figure 9 This is the circular polarization radiation pattern of the tripolar antenna provided in this application.

[0032] Figure 10 This is the Y-polarized radiation pattern of the tri-polarized antenna provided in this application.

[0033] Figure 11 This is the X-ray polarization radiation pattern of the tripolar antenna provided in this application.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna array provided in this application.

[0035] Figure 13 The antenna array provided in this application consists of 2 The radiation pattern of the two subarrays at a frequency of 1705MHz with different compensated phases.

[0036] Figure 14 This is a graph showing the measured peak gain and efficiency data of the horizontally polarized 0deg beam and 30deg scan beam of the antenna array provided in this application.

[0037] Figure 15 This is a graph showing the measured peak gain and efficiency data of the vertically polarized 0deg beam and 30deg scan beam of the antenna array provided in this application.

[0038] Figure 16 This is a graph showing the measured peak gain and efficiency data of the circularly polarized 0deg beam and 30deg scan beam of the antenna array provided in this application.

[0039] Figure 17 This is a graph showing the measured axial ratio data of the 0deg and 30deg circularly polarized beams of the antenna array provided in this application.

[0040] Figure 18 This is a graph showing the measured port reflection coefficient data of the antenna array provided in this application.

[0041] Figure 19This is a graph showing the measured port isolation data of the antenna array provided in this application.

[0042] Figure 20 These are the measured radiation patterns of the antenna array provided in this application at different frequencies and with different polarizations of 0deg and 30deg beams.

[0043] Figure label: 100: Substrate assembly; 110: First substrate; 120: Second substrate; 130: Third substrate; 140: Adhesive layer; 200: Circular polarization unit; 210: Third isolation hole; 220: Fourth isolation hole; 300: Dual-line polarization unit; 310: First isolation hole; 400: Antenna ground layer; 410: Second isolation hole; 420: First coupling slot; 430: Second coupling slot; 500: Circular polarization feed unit; 510: Circular polarization feed line; 520: Patch capacitor; 530: Circular polarization feed pad; 531: First grounding via; 600: Through-connection structure; 700: Dual-line polarization feed unit; 710: First linear polarization feed line; 720: Second linear polarization feed line; 730: First linear polarization feed pad; 731: Second grounding via; 740: Second linear polarization feed pad; 741: Third grounding via; 800: Feed shielding structure; 810: First metal via; 900: Symmetrical supplementary structure; 910: Second metal via. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] In satellite communication scenarios, ground-based terminals such as mobile phones are constrained by size, power consumption, and cost, resulting in typically low uplink transmit power and antenna gain. This leads to a persistent shortage of uplink resources for direct connections between mobile phones and satellite systems, making the uplink a limiting factor for satellite system capacity and communication speed. To improve uplink reception capabilities, antenna array apertures are typically increased or the number of antenna elements is increased. However, large-aperture antenna arrays require folding and storage. Considering the limitations imposed on satellites by rocket size and the complexity of satellite deployment mechanisms, antennas must meet requirements such as low profile, high integration, and lightweight design.

[0046] Besides aperture factors, polarization mismatch is also an important factor affecting the uplink. The radiation polarization of ground terminals such as mobile phones is generally linear or quasi-linear polarization, while the satellite transceiver antenna usually adopts circular polarization. When the linear polarized signal of the ground terminal goes uplink to the circular polarized receiving link of the satellite transceiver antenna, theoretically about 3dB of polarization mismatch loss will be introduced, which will have a significant impact on the already limited uplink performance.

[0047] Based on the above, the following is combined with Figures 1 to 6 The tripolar antenna described in this application includes: The substrate assembly 100 includes a first substrate 110, a second substrate 120 and a third substrate 130 stacked from top to bottom; A circular polarization unit 200 is disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate 110; A dual-line polarization unit 300 is disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, and the vertical projection of the circular polarization unit 200 at least partially overlaps with the dual-line polarization unit 300. An antenna ground layer 400 is disposed between the second substrate 120 and the third substrate 130; A circularly polarized power supply unit 500 is disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate 130. The substrate group 100 is provided with a through-connection structure 600. The circularly polarized power supply unit 500 is connected to the circularly polarized unit 200 through the through-connection structure 600. A dual-line polarization feed unit 700 is disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate 130. The dual-line polarization feed unit 700 is used to excite the dual-line polarization unit 300 to perform linear polarization in two orthogonal directions.

[0048] Using a substrate assembly 100 consisting of a first substrate 110, a second substrate 120, and a third substrate 130 as a carrier, a circularly polarized unit 200 is disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate 110, and a dual-line polarized unit 300 is disposed between the first and second substrates 120. The vertical projection of the circularly polarized unit 200 at least partially overlaps with the dual-line polarized unit 300, thereby achieving a common aperture vertical stacking of the circularly polarized unit 200 and the dual-line polarized unit 300, which helps to reduce the occupied area. An antenna ground layer 400 is disposed between the second substrate 120 and the third substrate 130, serving as a common reference ground and providing electromagnetic isolation. A circularly polarized feed unit 500 and a dual-line polarized feed unit 700 are disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate 130. The bottom circularly polarized feed unit 500 is connected to the top circularly polarized unit 200 through a through-connection structure 600 that penetrates the substrate assembly 100. The dual-line polarized feed unit 700 excites the dual-line polarized unit 300.

[0049] In this way, the circular polarization unit 200 and the dual linear polarization unit 300 are fed separately, so that the circular polarization and the two orthogonal linear polarizations can work independently. Furthermore, by combining the two orthogonal linear polarizations with the one circular polarization, the main radiation direction of the three polarizations remains consistent with the normal direction of the substrate group 100, which is beneficial for achieving directional radiation.

[0050] It is understandable that the electrical performance of the antenna is mirror image during transmission and reception. The dual-polarization feed unit 700 can excite the dual-polarization unit 300 to radiate signals in two orthogonal directions, and can also receive linearly polarized signals through the dual-polarization unit 300, and realize the function of receiving signals through the dual-polarization feed unit 700.

[0051] It should be noted that in satellite communication scenarios, the dual-polarization unit 300 can receive linearly polarized signals transmitted by ground-based terminals such as mobile phones based on linear polarization, without introducing losses due to polarization adaptation. This helps reduce uplink polarization loss, improve effective received power, and increase uplink margin. Simultaneously, the circular polarization unit 200 can transmit circularly polarized signals to the ground based on circular polarization, ensuring wide-area coverage and compatibility with terminal reception. Therefore, based on the tri-polarized antenna provided in this application, a communication method of uplink dual-polarization reception and downlink circular polarization transmission can be achieved, reducing uplink polarization mismatch loss and ensuring downlink polarization performance. Furthermore, circular polarization and dual-polarization each correspond to independent feed units, allowing them to operate independently. In addition, in satellite communication scenarios, the effective radiation direction points towards the ground; the two orthogonal linear polarizations and one circular polarization ensure consistent radiation directions, which helps meet the directional radiation requirements of satellite communication scenarios.

[0052] It is understood that the tripolar antenna provided in this application can be used in satellite communication scenarios as a spaceborne antenna, but it is not limited to satellite communication scenarios and can be applied to other communication scenarios.

[0053] In some embodiments of this application, the first substrate 110, the second substrate 120, and the third substrate 130 may be high-frequency PCB dielectric boards, such as Rogers 4350 or WLC-350 materials. In some embodiments, the first substrate 110 and the third substrate 130 may be made of Rogers 4350 material, and the second substrate 120 may be made of WLC-350 material.

[0054] It is understandable that the connection between the first substrate 110 layer, the second substrate 120 layer, and the third substrate 130 layer can be achieved through structures such as the adhesive layer 140.

[0055] In some embodiments of this application, the circular polarization unit 200 may include a chamfered patch, a ring patch, or a cross-shaped dipole, or other structures capable of generating circularly polarized waves.

[0056] In some embodiments of this application, the dual-polarization unit 300 may include a square patch, a circular patch, an octagonal patch, or other structures capable of supporting two orthogonal polarization waves.

[0057] Because of the through-connection structure 600, when connecting the circularly polarized power supply unit 500 and the circularly polarized unit 200, parasitic inductance and radiation leakage problems are inevitably introduced. For example, the through-connection structure 600 includes a metal probe, the metal cylinder of the metal probe itself will introduce parasitic inductance, and the current on the metal probe will generate radiation leakage. In addition, the through-connection structure 600 needs to pass through the bipolarized unit 300, which can easily lead to crosstalk between it and the bipolarized unit 300.

[0058] For the above questions, please refer to Figures 3 to 6 In some embodiments of the tri-polarized antenna of this application, a feed shielding structure 800 disposed on the substrate group 100 is also included. The feed shielding structure 800 surrounds the through-connection structure 600 and is connected to the antenna ground layer 400. The feed shielding structure 800 is used to isolate the through-connection structure 600 from the dual-polarization unit 300.

[0059] By providing a feeding shield structure 800 within the substrate assembly 100, the feeding shield structure 800 surrounds the through-connection structure 600 and is electrically connected to the antenna ground layer 400. The feeding shield structure 800 forms an electromagnetic barrier around the through-connection structure 600, electromagnetically isolating the through-connection structure 600 transmitting circularly polarized signals from the dual-polarization unit 300, avoiding parasitic coupling between the through-connection structure 600 and the dual-polarization unit 300, ensuring the independence of the signal channels of circular polarization and dual-polarization, and thus improving the isolation between circular polarization and dual-polarization.

[0060] This structure enables separate feeding for circular polarization and bilinear polarization, while improving the isolation between the two and reducing crosstalk between them, which is beneficial to enhancing the overall performance of the antenna.

[0061] refer to Figure 1 , Figures 3 to 6In some embodiments of the tri-polarized antenna of this application, the through-connection structure 600 includes a feed probe that penetrates the substrate assembly 100, the dual-polarization unit 300 is provided with a first isolation hole 310, the antenna ground layer 400 is provided with a second isolation hole 410, the feed probe is located in the first isolation hole 310 and the second isolation hole 410, one end of the feed probe is connected to the circularly polarized feed unit 500, and the other end of the feed probe is connected to the circularly polarized unit 200.

[0062] The through-connection structure 600 includes a feed probe. A first isolation hole 310 is provided on the dual-polarization unit 300, and a second isolation hole 410 is provided on the antenna ground layer 400. The feed probe can pass through the first isolation hole 310 and the second isolation hole 410, so that the two ends of the feed probe can be connected to the bottom circularly polarized feed unit 500 and the top circularly polarized unit 200, respectively. In this way, by using a vertically through-connection feed probe, radio frequency energy can be transmitted from the bottom circularly polarized feed unit 500 to the top circularly polarized unit 200 with low loss.

[0063] It is understood that the arrangement of the first isolation hole 310 and the second isolation hole 410 enables the feed probe to maintain physical isolation when passing through the dual-polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400, that is, the feed probe is insulated from the dual-polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400. The first substrate 110, the second substrate 120 and the third substrate 130 are provided with through holes corresponding to the feed probe, so that the feed probe can pass through.

[0064] refer to Figures 3 to 6 In some embodiments of the tri-polarized antenna of this application, the feed shielding structure 800 includes at least four first metal vias 810 disposed on the substrate group 100. The first metal vias 810 are uniformly arranged around the feed probe. The circular polarization unit 200 is provided with third isolation holes 210 corresponding one-to-one with the first metal vias 810. The first metal vias 810 are located in the third isolation holes 210. The first metal vias 810 are connected to the dual-line polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400.

[0065] The feed shielding structure 800 includes at least four first metal vias 810. These first metal vias 810 are evenly arranged around the feed probe. The circular polarization unit 200 is provided with third isolation holes 210 corresponding to each of the first metal vias 810, ensuring insulation between the first metal vias 810 and the circular polarization unit 200. Specifically, the first metal vias 810 located within the third isolation holes 210 do not contact the circular polarization patch. The first metal vias 810 are electrically connected to the antenna ground layer 400, meaning they share a common ground. This allows the multiple first metal vias 810 to spatially form a coaxial cage-like electromagnetic shielding structure. Since the multiple first metal vias 810 are evenly arranged around the feed probe, it is equivalent to having multiple metal conductors surrounding the feed probe, which can confine the electromagnetic radiation generated by the feed probe within the area surrounded by the multiple first metal vias 810, thus preventing parasitic coupling between the feed probe and the dual-polarization unit 300.

[0066] It is understandable that the first metal via 810 can be formed by injecting metal into the through hole, and its actual structure is equivalent to a piece of metal conductor, rather than simply a hole. Similarly, the actual structure of the second metal via 910 mentioned later is also equivalent to a piece of metal conductor.

[0067] It should be noted that the first metal via 810 is connected to the dual-polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400 respectively. The portion of the first metal via 810 located between the dual-polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400 is equivalent to a grounding inductor, which can resonate with the equivalent capacitance of the dual-polarization unit 300, which helps to reduce the difficulty of linear polarization matching.

[0068] In some embodiments of this application, four or more first metal vias 810 may be arranged in a uniformly symmetrical structure such as a square, rectangle or circle.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, the power supply shielding structure 800 may also include a metal shielding ring disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120, a metal sleeve disposed within the substrate group 100, or an annular shielding metal groove disposed within the substrate group 100, etc.

[0070] refer to Figures 3 to 6 In some embodiments of the tripolarized antenna of this application, the feed shielding structure 800 includes eight first metal vias 810, and / or the first metal vias 810 penetrate the substrate assembly 100.

[0071] The power supply shielding structure 800 includes eight first metal vias 810, which can make the metal boundary of the equivalent coaxial cage more complete and form a centrally symmetrical structure, which is conducive to making the shielding more balanced and further improving the isolation between linear polarization and circular polarization. At the same time, the number of first metal vias 810 is not too large, balancing performance and structural complexity.

[0072] The first metal via 810 penetrates the substrate group 100 formed by the first substrate 110, the second substrate 120, and the third substrate 130. That is, the first metal via 810 is formed based on a through-hole, which avoids the processing of blind or buried vias, thus reducing processing difficulty and implementation costs. Furthermore, in satellite communication applications, using through-holes ensures processing consistency and improves long-term structural stability. Compared to buried or blind vias, through-holes avoid defects in the hole wall plating, preventing failures caused by thermal cycling fatigue, voids, cracks, etc., thereby improving reliability.

[0073] Since the through-connector structure 600 and the feed shield structure 800 need to pass through the dual-polarization unit 300, and in order to achieve circular polarization feeding, the through-connector structure 600 needs to be offset to meet the requirements of circular polarization feeding. For the dual-polarization unit 300, the through-connector structure 600 and the feed shield structure 800 are located on one side off the center point, which introduces an asymmetrical structure. This makes the polarization boundary conditions of the dual-polarization unit 300 asymmetrical, which can easily lead to problems such as main lobe broadening, gain reduction, and pattern deflection of the dual-polarization beam.

[0074] For the above situation, refer to Figures 3 to 6 In some embodiments of the tripolarized antenna in this application, a symmetrical supplementary structure 900 disposed on the substrate group 100 is also included. The symmetrical supplementary structure 900 and the feed shielding structure 800 are both connected to the dual-line polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400. With the center point of the dual-polarization unit 300 as the center of symmetry, the position of the symmetrical supplementary structure 900 is arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner with the center point of the power supply shielding structure 800.

[0075] Based on the through-connection structure 600 and the feed shield structure 800, a symmetrical supplementary structure 900 is further provided. The symmetrical supplementary structure 900 is connected to the dual-polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400. That is, the electrical connection relationship of the symmetrical supplementary structure 900 is the same as that of the feed shield structure 800. With the center point of the dual-polarization unit 300 as the center of symmetry, the position of the symmetrical supplementary structure 900 is centrally symmetrical with respect to the center point of the feed shield structure 800. This makes the feed shield structure 800 and the symmetrical supplementary structure 900 centrally symmetrical with respect to the dual-polarization unit 300, so that the linear polarization boundary conditions tend to be balanced. This avoids the deflection of the linear polarization pattern of the dual-polarization unit 300 due to the asymmetry of the physical structure, which helps to improve the stability of the linear polarization pattern and ensure the performance of dual-polarization.

[0076] refer to Figures 3 to 6 In some embodiments of the tri-polarized antenna in this application, the symmetrical supplementary structure 900 includes three second metal vias 910 disposed on the substrate group 100, and the circular polarization unit 200 is provided with a fourth isolation hole 220 corresponding to the second metal vias 910. The second metal vias 910 are located in the fourth isolation hole 220, and the second metal vias 910 are respectively connected to the dual-line polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400. With the center point of the dual-polarization unit 300 as the center of symmetry, the positions of the three second metal vias 910 and the center point of the power supply shielding structure 800 are arranged in a cross shape.

[0077] The symmetrical supplementary structure 900 includes three second metal vias 910, which, together with the center point of the feeding shield structure 800, form a cross-shaped arrangement with the center point of the dual-polarization unit 300 as the center of symmetry. The circular polarization unit 200 is provided with a fourth isolation hole 220 corresponding to the second metal vias 910, so that the second metal vias 910 and the circular polarization unit 200 are insulated from each other. In this way, the three second metal vias 910 and the multiple first metal vias 810 in the feeding shield structure 800 form a symmetrical structure with respect to the two orthogonal polarization directions for the dual-polarization unit 300. This provides four-way symmetrical boundary conditions for the two orthogonal linear polarization modes of the dual-polarization unit 300, thereby improving the stability of the linear polarization pattern and ensuring the performance of the dual-polarization. The structure is simple and easy to implement.

[0078] It should be noted that the center point of the connecting structure 600 and the power supply shielding structure 800 is selected and set along the path of the linear polarization direction from the center point of the dual-polarization unit 300, as shown in the reference. Figure 4In this embodiment, the dual-polarization unit 300 includes two line polarization directions in the X and Y directions. The center point of the connecting structure 600 and the feeding shielding structure 800 is located on the right-hand path of the center point of the dual-polarization unit 300 along the Y direction. Based on the distance and direction between their center points, the positions of the other three corresponding cross-shaped locations, i.e., the positions of the three second metal vias 910, can be determined. In the symmetrical structure with the cross-shaped arrangement, the two orthogonal linearly polarized beams of the dual-polarization unit 300 have excellent pattern symmetry, which is beneficial to improving the isolation of cross-polarization and reducing beam deflection effects.

[0079] It should be noted that, similar to the first metal via 810, the second metal via 910 is connected to the dual-polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400 respectively. The portion of the second metal via 910 located between the dual-polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400 is equivalent to a grounding inductance. The equivalent grounding inductance of the first via metal and the second via metal can resonate with the equivalent capacitance of the dual-polarization unit 300, which helps to reduce the difficulty of linear polarization matching.

[0080] In some embodiments of this application, the symmetrical supplementary structure 900 may include, in addition to the structure of three second metal vias 910, a through hole and a metal pillar provided on the dual-polarization unit 300, so as to achieve a symmetrical structure with respect to the dual-polarization unit 300 together with the through-connection structure 600 and the power supply shielding structure 800.

[0081] refer to Figures 3 to 6 In some embodiments of the tripolarized antenna of this application, the second metal via 910 penetrates the substrate assembly 100.

[0082] The second metal via 910 penetrates the substrate group 100 formed by the first substrate 110, the second substrate 120, and the third substrate 130. Since the second metal via 910 is formed based on a through-hole, it avoids the processing of blind or buried vias, thus reducing processing difficulty and implementation costs. Furthermore, in satellite communication applications, using through-holes ensures processing consistency and eliminates the internal misalignment issues associated with blind or buried vias, as well as the thermal stress fatigue of the via wall plating caused by temperature fluctuations, leading to defects such as cracks and voids. This contributes to improved long-term structural stability.

[0083] refer to Figure 3In some embodiments of the tri-polarized antenna of this application, the circularly polarized feed unit 500 includes a circularly polarized feed line 510, a patch capacitor 520, and a circularly polarized feed pad 530 disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate 130. The circularly polarized feed line 510 is connected to the through-connection structure 600, and the circularly polarized feed line 510 is connected to the circularly polarized feed pad 530 through the patch capacitor 520.

[0084] The circular polarization feed unit 500 employs a circular polarization feed line 510, a surface mount capacitor 520, and a circular polarization feed pad 530 disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate 130, with the circular polarization feed line 510 connected to the circular polarization feed pad 530 via the surface mount capacitor 520. Thus, by connecting the surface mount capacitor 520 in series in the circular polarization feed path, the surface mount capacitor 520 can achieve impedance matching while simultaneously forming a high-pass filter using its characteristics, thereby enhancing the frequency band isolation between high-frequency circular polarization signals and low-frequency linear polarization signals.

[0085] In some embodiments of this application, the circularly polarized feed pad 530 may include a first ground via 531 connected to the antenna ground layer 400, the first ground via 531 penetrating the substrate assembly 100.

[0086] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of the tri-polarized antenna of this application, the dual-polarized feed unit 700 includes a first linearly polarized feed line 710 and a second linearly polarized feed line 720. The straight line containing the first linearly polarized feed line 710 is perpendicular to the straight line containing the second linearly polarized feed line 720. The antenna ground layer 400 is provided with a first coupling slot 420 and a second coupling slot 430. The first coupling slot 420 is located between the dual-polarized unit 300 and the first linearly polarized feed line 710, and the second coupling slot 430 is located between the dual-polarized unit 300 and the second linearly polarized feed line 720. The vertical projection of the first coupling slot 420 is perpendicular to the first linearly polarized feed line 710, and the vertical projection of the second coupling slot 430 is perpendicular to the second linearly polarized feed line 720.

[0087] The dual-polarization feed unit 700 includes a first linearly polarized feed line 710 and a second linearly polarized feed line 720, which are perpendicular and orthogonal. A first coupling slot 420 corresponding to the first linearly polarized feed line 710 and a second coupling slot 430 corresponding to the second linearly polarized feed line 720 are provided on the antenna ground layer 400. The signal energy of the first linearly polarized feed line 710 can electromagnetically couple through the first coupling slot 420 to excite the dual-polarization unit 300. Similarly, the signal energy of the second linearly polarized feed line 720 can electromagnetically couple through the second coupling slot 430 to excite the dual-polarization unit 300. Therefore, the first linearly polarized feed line 710 and the second linearly polarized feed line 720 are not directly connected to the dual-polarization unit 300, avoiding the introduction of additional contact resistance and improving the polarization purity of the dual-polarization.

[0088] It should be noted that the dual-polarization feed unit 700 may also include a first polarization feed pad 730 and a second polarization feed pad 740. The first polarization feed pad 730 is connected to the first polarization feed line 710, and the second polarization feed pad 740 is connected to the second polarization feed line 720.

[0089] It should be noted that the vertical projection of the first coupling slot 420 is perpendicular to the first linearly polarized feed line 710, and the vertical projection of the second coupling slot 430 is perpendicular to the second linearly polarized feed line 720. Since the first linearly polarized feed line 710 and the second linearly polarized feed line 720 are perpendicular, the lines containing the first coupling slot 420 and the second coupling slot 430 are also perpendicular. By using mutually orthogonal coupling slots and linearly polarized feed lines, the electric fields between the two linearly polarized channels are ensured to be orthogonal and do not interfere with each other. This is beneficial for improving the isolation between orthogonal linear polarizations, thereby improving the isolation between the two linearly polarized ports, and achieving non-contact coupling feeding. While ensuring high isolation, this also helps to improve process tolerance.

[0090] In some embodiments of this application, the dual-polarized feeding unit 700 may include a dual-probe direct feeding structure in addition to the feeding method via slot coupling.

[0091] In some embodiments of this application, the first linearly polarized feed pad 730 may include a second grounding via 731 connected to the antenna ground layer 400, and the second linearly polarized feed pad 740 may include a third grounding via 741 connected to the antenna ground layer 400. The second grounding via 731 and the third grounding via 741 penetrate the substrate assembly 100.

[0092] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments of the tri-polarized antenna in this application, the circular polarization unit 200 includes a circular polarization chamfer patch, which is disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate 110, and the circular polarization feed unit 500 is connected to the circular polarization chamfer patch through the through-connection structure 600. And / or, the dual-polarization unit 300 includes a dual-polarization patch disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120.

[0093] The circular polarization unit 200 includes a circular polarization chamfer patch disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate 110. The circular polarization chamfer patch can be excited to generate two orthogonal modes with equal amplitude and 90° phase difference by a single probe feeding, thereby merging to generate a circular polarization wave.

[0094] The dual-polarization unit 300 includes a dual-polarization patch disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 120. Under the excitation of the dual-polarization feeding unit 700, it can radiate two orthogonal linearly polarized waves.

[0095] In some embodiments of this application, the circular polarization unit 200 may further include a circular patch with orthogonal diagonal slots formed on the patch, or the circular polarization unit 200 may employ an elliptical patch structure with perturbation elements to achieve circular polarization radiation through structural perturbation. The circular polarization unit 200 may also be other patch structures capable of achieving circular polarization. The bilinear polarization unit 300 may include embodiments with rectangular patches, cross-shaped patches, or fractal patches having grooved edges.

[0096] It should be further explained that the tri-polarized antenna of this application is based on a common-aperture vertical stacking architecture, integrating the circular polarization unit 200, the dual-polarization unit 300, the antenna ground layer 400, and the feeding unit within the space of the substrate assembly. This facilitates the overall achievement of a low profile, i.e., a small cross-sectional height. Simultaneously, the dual-polarization feeding unit 700 is fed through a non-contact coupling slot, avoiding the occupation of interlayer spacing by contact feeding structures, which also contributes to the low profile. Furthermore, the first metal via 810 and the second metal via 910 can serve as a grounding short-circuit structure, equivalent to a grounding inductor. This inductor can resonate with the equivalent capacitance between the dual-polarization unit 300 and the antenna ground layer 400, thereby compensating for the height mismatch caused by the low profile and enabling the antenna to achieve good impedance matching even with a low profile height.

[0097] This application achieves a low profile while integrating circular polarization and bilinear polarization channels within the same aperture. It also prevents leakage coupling of the feed probe of circular polarization and avoids uneven polarization boundary conditions of the bilinear polarization unit 300 caused by asymmetric structure, thus ensuring the isolation between circular polarization and bilinear polarization and the stability of the polarization pattern.

[0098] To more intuitively understand the performance of the tri-polarized antenna provided in this application, based on, as... Figures 1 to 6 Implementation structure, refer to Figures 7 to 11 : Figure 7 This is a graph showing the three-port reflection coefficient data. Figure 8 The three-port isolation data graph is shown below. Figure 7 In the diagram, the black line corresponds to the circular polarization port, the red line corresponds to the X-line polarization port, and the blue line corresponds to the Y-line polarization port. Figures 9 to 11 These are the circular polarization radiation pattern, the Y-polarization radiation pattern, and the X-polarization radiation pattern, respectively.

[0099] according to Figures 7 to 11 It is evident that the tri-polarized antenna of this application possesses excellent impedance matching, port decoupling, and radiation stability. Specifically: like Figure 7 As shown, the X-ray polarized port and the Y-ray polarized port, i.e., the dual-polarized port, have reflection coefficients below -12dB in the 1.705-1.730GHz frequency band. Furthermore, due to the presence of a symmetrical supplementary structure 900, a symmetrical structural layout is formed, and the matching curves of X-ray polarization and Y-ray polarization show a high degree of consistency. The circular polarized port has a reflection coefficient that is consistently below -12dB in the 1.805-1.830GHz frequency band.

[0100] like Figure 8 As shown, in terms of isolation performance, based on the synergistic effect of the feeding shield structure 800 and the symmetrical supplementary structure 900, the isolation S21 and S31 between circular polarization and bilinear polarization are below -17dB across the entire frequency band. The isolation S31 between Y polarization and circular polarization is even below -25dB, effectively suppressing the interference of transmitted energy on the receiving channel. The isolation S32 between bilinear polarization ports is also below -15dB.

[0101] In terms of radiation characteristics, such as Figure 9 As shown, the circular polarization pattern exhibits stable right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) purity and symmetry; as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the linear polarization pattern is based on the symmetrical supplementary structure 900 to form a cross-shaped symmetrical grounding structure, which eliminates the phase disturbance caused by the feed probe and ensures that the main lobe of the beam points to the 0° direction of the normal without deflection.

[0102] The antenna array and antenna array control method provided in this application are described below. The antenna array and antenna array control method described below can be referred to in correspondence with the tripolar antenna described above.

[0103] refer to Figure 12This application also provides an antenna array, including a plurality of the above-described tripolar antennas, wherein the plurality of said substrate groups 100 are arranged in an array.

[0104] Using tripolar antennas as array elements and arranging them in an array to form an antenna array enables spatial in-phase superposition of signals, thereby improving overall performance. In each tripolar antenna element, the circular polarization unit 200 and the dual-linear polarization unit 300 are fed separately, allowing the circular polarization and the two orthogonal linear polarizations to operate independently. Furthermore, by combining the two orthogonal linear polarizations with one circular polarization, the main radiation direction of the three polarizations remains consistent with the normal direction of the substrate group 100, which is beneficial for achieving directional radiation.

[0105] refer to Figure 12 In some embodiments of the antenna array of this application, sixteen of the above-described tri-polarized antennas are included, and the sixteen substrate groups 100 are arranged in a 4 4. Array arrangement.

[0106] In some embodiments of this application, it may also include different numbers of tripolar antennas to form 8 8, 16 16, 32 32 or larger array antennas.

[0107] refer to Figure 12 In some embodiments of the antenna array of this application, the arrangement angles of adjacent substrate groups 100 differ by 90°, in 2 The substrate group 100 in the two sub-arrays is set at angles of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively.

[0108] Adjacent substrate groups 100 are positioned at angles differing by 90°, meaning adjacent tripolar antennas rotate, and in each of the 2 In the two-subarray, the four substrate groups 100, i.e., the four tri-polarized antennas, are rotated by 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° respectively, i.e., arranged in a sequential rotation. In this way, in circular polarization transmission mode, the sequential rotation arrangement allows the cross-polarization components of the individual tri-polarized antennas, which are antenna elements, to cancel each other out due to manufacturing errors or structural asymmetry, thereby improving the circular polarization purity of the antenna array. Thus, without changing the hardware structure of the tri-polarized antennas, the axial ratio bandwidth and scanning performance of circular polarization can be improved.

[0109] In antenna arrays, tripolar antennas, which serve as array elements, adopt a sequentially rotating arrangement structure, which can improve circular polarization performance. However, since the inherent asymmetry of the hardware structure in tripolar antennas cannot be completely eliminated, and errors inevitably exist in the structure used in actual applications, in practical application scenarios, when the tripolar antenna, which serves as an array element, is rotated 180°, its phase center and excitation characteristics will still shift slightly, and the linear polarization pattern will be deflected to a certain extent, resulting in a decrease in linear polarization performance. This leads to the contradiction of "improved circular polarization performance but degraded linear polarization performance".

[0110] In view of the above situation, this application also provides an antenna array control method, applied to the above-mentioned antenna array, including: Acquire amplitude and phase imbalance information, which characterizes the amplitude and phase imbalance degree between corresponding linear polarization ports of adjacent tri-polarized antennas; Based on the amplitude-phase imbalance information, determine the phase compensation value corresponding to each of the three-polarized antennas; Based on the setting angle of the tripolar antenna and the corresponding phase compensation value, the excitation signal corresponding to the tripolar antenna is determined; The excitation signal is used to counteract the polarization deflection caused by the internal asymmetry of the tripolar antenna.

[0111] By acquiring the amplitude and phase imbalance information between the linear polarization ports of adjacent tri-polarized antennas, the phase compensation value of each tri-polarized antenna is determined. Finally, the excitation signal is determined based on the antenna's setting angle and the phase compensation value to counteract the polarization deflection caused by the internal asymmetry of the tri-polarized antenna. In this way, without changing the hardware structure of the tri-polarized antenna, phase compensation is applied at the control level to compensate for the polarization deflection caused by hardware asymmetry, thus improving both circular polarization and dual-linear polarization performance and ensuring the dual-linear polarization reception performance of the tri-polarized antenna in a common-aperture structure.

[0112] It should be noted that the amplitude and phase imbalance information can be obtained by performing full-wave electromagnetic simulation analysis on the tri-polarized antenna, calculating the amplitude and phase imbalance between the ports after rotation, and then assigning an initial phase offset, i.e., a phase compensation value, to each linearly polarized feed port of the tri-polarized antenna based on the amplitude and phase imbalance information.

[0113] In some embodiments of this application, the antenna array can be controlled by the back-end phased array T / R (transmit / receive) component. The phased array T / R component applies a phase compensation value at the software control level. For example, for a tri-polarized antenna rotated by 180°, the excitation phase is adjusted to 180° + Phase1 (phase compensation value) to ensure that the electromagnetic waves radiated by each tri-polarized antenna can be superimposed in phase in the far field.

[0114] To more intuitively understand the technical effects achievable by the antenna array control method of this application, refer to... Figures 13 to 20 : Figure 13 The radiation pattern at 1705MHz is shown under different compensated phase conditions. Compared with no compensated phase, i.e., Phase1=0deg, when Phase1=30deg, the main lobe gain of the antenna array is increased by about 1dBi and the sidelobe level is reduced by about 3dBi.

[0115] Figures 14 to 20 The table below shows the measured performance data of the antenna array based on the antenna array control method of this application. According to the test data, compared with the existing dual circular polarization satellite antenna array, the technical solution of this application improves the port isolation and further reduces the circular polarization axial ratio while maintaining a certain gain and radiation efficiency. The specific test results are summarized in Table 1 below.

[0116] Table 1. Summary of Test Results It should be noted that the above test data was verified in the 1705-1750MHz and 1805-1850MHz bands, but is not limited to these bands and can be flexibly adjusted according to the application scenario.

[0117] On the other hand, this application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the antenna array control method provided above.

[0118] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0119] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0120] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A tri-polarized antenna, characterized in that, include: The substrate assembly (100) includes a first substrate (110), a second substrate (120) and a third substrate (130) stacked from top to bottom. A circular polarization unit (200) is disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate (110); A dual-line polarization unit (300) is disposed between the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120), and the vertical projection of the circular polarization unit (200) at least partially overlaps with the dual-line polarization unit (300); An antenna ground layer (400) is disposed between the second substrate (120) and the third substrate (130); A circularly polarized power supply unit (500) is disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate (130). The substrate group (100) is provided with a through-connection structure (600). The circularly polarized power supply unit (500) is connected to the circularly polarized unit (200) through the through-connection structure (600). A dual-line polarization feed unit (700) is disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate (130). The dual-line polarization feed unit (700) is used to excite the dual-line polarization unit (300) to perform linear polarization in two orthogonal directions.

2. The tri-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a feed shielding structure (800) disposed on the substrate assembly (100), the feed shielding structure (800) surrounding the through-connection structure (600), the feed shielding structure (800) being connected to the antenna ground layer (400), and the feed shielding structure (800) being used to isolate the through-connection structure (600) from the dual-polarization unit (300).

3. The tri-polarized antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The through-connection structure (600) includes a feed probe that penetrates the substrate assembly (100). The dual-line polarization unit (300) is provided with a first isolation hole (310), and the antenna ground layer (400) is provided with a second isolation hole (410). The feed probe is located in the first isolation hole (310) and the second isolation hole (410). One end of the feed probe is connected to the circularly polarized feed unit (500), and the other end of the feed probe is connected to the circularly polarized unit (200).

4. The tri-polarized antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply shielding structure (800) includes at least four first metal vias (810) disposed on the substrate group (100). The first metal vias (810) are evenly arranged around the power supply probe. The circular polarization unit (200) is provided with a third isolation hole (210) corresponding to the first metal vias (810). The first metal vias (810) are located in the third isolation hole (210). The first metal vias (810) are connected to the dual-line polarization unit (300) and the antenna ground layer (400).

5. The tri-polarized antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power supply shielding structure (800) includes eight first metal vias (810), and / or the first metal vias (810) penetrate the substrate assembly (100).

6. The tri-polarized antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes a symmetrical supplementary structure (900) disposed on the substrate group (100), and the symmetrical supplementary structure (900) and the feeding shield structure (800) are both connected to the dual-polarization unit (300) and the antenna ground layer (400). With the center point of the dual-polarization unit (300) as the center of symmetry, the position of the symmetrical supplementary structure (900) is arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner with the center point of the power supply shielding structure (800).

7. The tri-polarized antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The symmetrical supplementary structure (900) includes three second metal vias (910) disposed on the substrate group (100). The circular polarization unit (200) is provided with a fourth isolation hole (220) corresponding to the second metal vias (910). The second metal vias (910) are located in the fourth isolation hole (220). The second metal vias (910) are connected to the dual-line polarization unit (300) and the antenna ground layer (400) respectively. With the center point of the dual-polarization unit (300) as the center of symmetry, the positions of the three second metal vias (910) are arranged in a cross shape with the center point of the power supply shielding structure (800).

8. The tri-polarized antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second metal via (910) penetrates the substrate assembly (100).

9. The tri-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circularly polarized power supply unit (500) includes a circularly polarized power supply line (510), a chip capacitor (520), and a circularly polarized power supply pad (530) disposed on the lower surface of the third substrate (130). The circularly polarized power supply line (510) is connected to the through-connection structure (600), and the circularly polarized power supply line (510) is connected to the circularly polarized power supply pad (530) through the chip capacitor (520).

10. The tri-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-polarized feed unit (700) includes a first linearly polarized feed line (710) and a second linearly polarized feed line (720). The straight line containing the first linearly polarized feed line (710) is perpendicular to the straight line containing the second linearly polarized feed line (720). The antenna ground layer (400) is provided with a first coupling slot (420) and a second coupling slot (430). The first coupling slot (420) is located between the dual-polarized unit (300) and the first linearly polarized feed line (710). The second coupling slot (430) is located between the dual-polarized unit (300) and the second linearly polarized feed line (720). The vertical projection of the first coupling slot (420) is perpendicular to the first linearly polarized feed line (710). The vertical projection of the second coupling slot (430) is perpendicular to the second linearly polarized feed line (720).

11. The tri-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circular polarization unit (200) includes a circular polarization chamfer patch, which is disposed on the upper surface of the first substrate (110). The circular polarization power supply unit (500) is connected to the circular polarization chamfer patch through the through-connection structure (600). And / or, the dual-polarization unit (300) includes a dual-polarization patch disposed between the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (120).

12. An antenna array, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of tripolarized antennas as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, and the plurality of substrate groups (100) are arranged in an array.

13. The antenna array according to claim 12, characterized in that, Including sixteen of the aforementioned tripolarized antennas, and sixteen of the aforementioned substrate groups (100) at 4 4. Array arrangement.

14. The antenna array according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The adjacent substrate groups (100) are positioned at angles differing by 90°, in 2 The substrate group (100) in the two sub-arrays is set at angles of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively.

15. An antenna array control method, characterized in that, Applied to the antenna array as described in any one of claims 12 to 14, comprising: Acquire amplitude and phase imbalance information, which characterizes the amplitude and phase imbalance degree between corresponding linear polarization ports of adjacent tri-polarized antennas; Based on the amplitude-phase imbalance information, determine the phase compensation value corresponding to each of the three-polarized antennas; Based on the setting angle of the tripolar antenna and the corresponding phase compensation value, the excitation signal corresponding to the tripolar antenna is determined; The excitation signal is used to counteract the polarization deflection caused by the internal asymmetry of the tripolar antenna.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the antenna array control method as described in claim 15.

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