Ku / Ka dual-frequency transceiving common-aperture array antenna and antenna system

Abstract

The application discloses a Ku / Ka dual-frequency receiving and transmitting common-aperture array antenna and an antenna system, and relates to the technical field of phased array antennas.The antenna comprises four Ku / Ka transmitting sub-arrays and one Ku / Ka receiving sub-array, the four transmitting sub-arrays are uniformly arranged around the receiving sub-array, and an isolation enhancement device is arranged between adjacent sub-arrays.One receiving sub-array and four transmitting sub-arrays form an antenna combination, covering a quarter of a space, i.e.a continuous sector with an elevation of 0°~90° and an azimuth span of 90°.The receiving Ku / Ka dual-frequency sub-array and the transmitting Ku / Ka dual-frequency sub-array are located in different spatial planes and have different normal beam directions.The dual-frequency array shares wideband radiating elements, and filtering, amplification, polarization control and other functions are realized through integrated AIP radio frequency channels.Modular interfaces are designed to realize array scale expansion.The four antenna combinations are respectively arranged in four quadrants, the central normal line is rotated by 90° in sequence, and the combinations realize half-space coverage with an elevation of 0°~90° and an azimuth of 0°~360°.The application has the advantages of multi-frequency common-aperture, wide space, high isolation, polarization programmable, easy scale expansion, flexible deployment position and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of phased array antenna technology, and in particular to a Ku / Ka dual-band common aperture array antenna and antenna system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid deployment of low-Earth orbit (LEO) internet satellite constellations, the requirements for phased array antennas in satellite communication terminals are increasing. Satellite communication terminals used on land-based, sea-based, and air-based mobile platforms need to achieve multi-band, wide-spatial-domain, and highly dynamic beam tracking capabilities within a limited space. Ku and Ka bands are currently the mainstream frequency bands for satellite communication, with abundant resources and large bandwidth; therefore, Ku / Ka dual-band compatible phased array antennas have become a key focus of industry research and development.

[0003] In existing technologies, two common methods are used to achieve Ku / Ka dual-band co-aperture: one is to assemble radiating elements of different frequency bands into separate receiving and transmitting arrays for each band, arranging them flat within the same aperture; the other is to use a nested array method with high-frequency and low-frequency elements. However, since the frequency ratio between the low end of the Ku band and the high end of the Ka band is approximately three times, traditional co-aperture designs are prone to generating grating lobes, resulting in limited scanning range and low aperture utilization. Furthermore, satellite communication systems require simultaneous transmission and reception, necessitating high isolation between the transmit and receive ports to avoid self-interference and intermodulation problems. Additionally, satellite communication terminals for multi-frequency, multi-satellite applications have complex polarization methods (linear polarization, circular polarization, and different rotation directions), requiring antennas with programmable polarization capabilities.

[0004] Current Ku / Ka co-aperture antenna solutions generally suffer from the following shortcomings: Poor port isolation: Limited by the large scanning range design, the spacing between high-frequency array elements is small, making it difficult to deploy high-Q filters, resulting in weak filtering capability of the RF front-end and poor port isolation. Low aperture utilization: Ku-band and Ka-band array elements are designed independently. In addition, due to the lack of front-end filters, to avoid self-interference, Ku-band receivers and Ku-band transmitters are usually deployed in separate arrays, and Ka-band receivers and Ka-band transmitters are deployed in separate arrays, occupying a large area.

[0005] Limited airspace coverage: Most designs have a small scanning range and cannot meet the requirements for pitch 0°~90° and azimuth omnidirectional coverage.

[0006] High requirements for array location: Typically, satellite communication phased array antennas are large arrays with the array surface normal facing upwards, which imposes strict restrictions on the deployment of the working area. A large, unobstructed working area must be reserved above the antenna array surface, making it impossible to fully utilize the surface area of ​​the carrier.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a common-aperture phased array antenna solution that can simultaneously solve the problems of wide spatial coverage in the Ku / Ka band, high transmit / receive isolation, adjustable polarization, and flexible array placement. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a Ku / Ka dual-band common-aperture array antenna and antenna system. It features simultaneous dual-band transmission and reception, high port isolation, wide spatial coverage, programmable polarization, and flexible array placement.

[0009] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A Ku / Ka dual-band transmit / receive common-aperture array antenna includes four Ku / Ka transmit subarrays and one Ku / Ka receive subarray; the four Ku / Ka transmit subarrays are distributed around the Ku / Ka receive subarray and are evenly arranged; isolation enhancement devices are provided between adjacent subarrays; One Ku / Ka receiver subarray and four Ku / Ka transmitter subarrays together constitute an antenna array, which is used to cover a quarter and a half airspace, defined as a continuous sector with an elevation angle of 0° to 90° and an azimuth angle span of 90°; the Ku / Ka receiver subarray and each Ku / Ka transmitter subarray are located in different spatial planes and have different beam normal directions.

[0010] Furthermore, the Ku / Ka receiver subarray is composed of multiple Ku / Ka dual-frequency receiver AIP antenna elements expanded in a rectangular or triangular grid. The four Ku / Ka transmitter subarrays are each composed of multiple Ku / Ka dual-frequency transmit AIP antenna elements expanded in a rectangular or triangular grid.

[0011] Furthermore, the Ku / Ka dual-band receiving common-aperture AIP antenna unit includes: a 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband receiving array, a Ku / Ka dual-band receiving common-aperture AIP antenna RF channel, and a Ku / Ka dual-band receiving common-aperture AIP antenna interface; The Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common-aperture AIP antenna unit includes: a 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband transmit array, a Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common-aperture AIP antenna RF channel, and a Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common-aperture AIP antenna interface.

[0012] Furthermore, the 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband receiver array consists of four broadband receiver elements arranged in a rectangular grid, and the operating bandwidth of each broadband receiver element simultaneously covers the Ku receiving frequency band and the Ka receiving frequency band. The 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband transmit array consists of four transmit broadband elements arranged in a rectangular grid, and the working bandwidth of each transmit broadband element simultaneously covers the Ku transmit frequency band and the Ka transmit frequency band. Both the transmitting broadband array element and the receiving broadband array element have two orthogonal feed ports.

[0013] Furthermore, the Ku / Ka dual-band receiving common-aperture AIP antenna RF channel integrates duplex filtering, signal synthesis, signal amplification, polarization modulation and polarization selection functions; the Ku / Ka dual-band transmitting common-aperture AIP antenna RF channel integrates polarization modulation and polarization selection, power distribution, signal amplification and duplex filtering functions.

[0014] Furthermore, the Ku / Ka dual-band receiver common aperture AIP antenna interface includes a receiver radio frequency interface and a receiver power supply control interface. The receiver radio frequency interface includes four Ka-band receiver interfaces and one Ku-band receiver interface. The Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common-aperture AIP antenna interface includes a transmit RF interface and a transmit power supply control interface. The transmit RF interface includes four Ka-band transmit interfaces and one Ku-band transmit interface.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer contour side length of the Ku / Ka dual-band receiving common aperture AIP antenna element is equal to twice the element spacing inside the 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband receiving array, and this outer contour side length is selected according to the element spacing required when the scanning range is not less than ±45° when the highest frequency point of the Ku band is arrayed. The outer contour side length of the Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common aperture AIP antenna element is equal to twice the element spacing inside the 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband transmit array, and this outer contour side length is selected according to twice the element spacing required when the scanning range is not less than ±22.5° when the array is assembled at the highest transmit frequency point of the Ka band.

[0016] The isolation enhancement device is a subarray isolation strip, which is filled with one or more combinations of air, microwave absorbing material, and metamaterial.

[0017] A method for deploying a Ku / Ka dual-frequency transceiver array with half-spatial coverage includes four Ku / Ka dual-frequency transceiver array antennas as described above. Four Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver array antennas are deployed in the four quadrants of the XOY coordinate system, and the center normal direction of each Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver array antenna is rotated 90° in space. Four Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver array antennas cover sectors with azimuth angles of 0°~90°, 90°~180°, 180°~270°, and 270°~360° respectively (in a relative coordinate system). Each antenna has an elevation coverage range of 0°~90°, thus achieving full airspace coverage with an elevation angle of 0°~90° and an azimuth angle of 0°~360°.

[0018] Furthermore, the four Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver array antennas are located on four orbital circles S1, S2, S3, and S4, respectively, and the orbital circles S1, S2, S3, and S4 may be completely overlapping, partially overlapping, or separated from each other.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention centralizes the receiving task within an antenna array into a single wide-scan receiving subarray (scanning ±45° or more), while distributing the transmitting task among four narrow-scan transmitting subarrays (scanning ±22.5°). The receiving and transmitting subarrays are located in different spatial planes with different beam normals. Combined with isolation enhancement devices, this significantly reduces electromagnetic coupling between the receiver and transmitter, allowing simultaneous operation of both under the same common aperture without complex time-division or frequency-division isolation measures. Furthermore, since the transmitting frequency band is at the high end of the operating frequency band with a shorter operating wavelength, the invention's concept of refining the beam coverage area of ​​the transmitting subarray allows for a larger spacing between transmitting elements compared to traditional designs. This makes it possible to integrate a high-Q filter within the RF channel (1312) of the Ku / Ka dual-band common-aperture AIP antenna, which is beneficial for improving port isolation.

[0020] 2. The Ku / Ka dual-band receiver / transmitter common-aperture AIP antenna unit adopts a 2×2 broadband array element as the basic module. Each element integrates a broadband radiating array, RF channel, and interface. Each element can be arbitrarily expanded in a rectangular or triangular grid to form receiver subarrays and transmitter subarrays of different sizes, which can flexibly adapt to different gain requirements and carrier size constraints.

[0021] 3. The outer contour side length of the receiving AIP unit is designed based on a scanning condition of ±45° from the highest frequency point of the Ku receiving band, and the side length of the transmitting AIP unit is designed based on a scanning condition of ±22.5° from the highest frequency point of the Ka transmitting band, effectively avoiding the grating lobe problem caused by excessive frequency ratio. Actual measurements show that this invention can achieve grating lobe-free scanning across all Ku / Ka transmitting and receiving bands.

[0022] 4. Each AIP unit integrates polarization control and selection functions in its internal radio frequency channel. By controlling the amplitude and phase of the quadrature feed port, linear polarization, left-hand circular polarization, or right-hand circular polarization can be switched arbitrarily, perfectly adapting to the diverse polarization requirements of low-Earth orbit satellites.

[0023] 5. Four antenna arrays as described in this invention, each covering a 90° azimuth sector, are arranged by rotating 90° sequentially to achieve half-spatial coverage of 0°~90° elevation and 0°~360° azimuth. Compared to traditional schemes using a single large phased array to scan to large angles (where gain drops sharply), each antenna subarray of this invention only needs to scan within a range of ±45° (receive) or ±22.5° (transmit), resulting in high antenna element gain and efficiency. This topology is beneficial for heat dissipation design and electromagnetic compatibility improvement. Furthermore, multiple functional arrays can be used in conjunction or as mutual backups for emergency operation with reduced performance in extreme situations.

[0024] 6. The four antennas can be located on orbital circles of the same or different radii, adapting to the surface shape and installation space constraints of different carriers such as ships, vehicles, and aircraft, allowing for a high degree of freedom in engineering implementation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. The accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common aperture array antenna according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the Ku / Ka receiver subarray of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the Ku / Ka dual-frequency receiver common aperture AIP antenna unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the Ku / Ka dual-frequency transmit common-aperture AIP antenna unit of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a semi-spatial beam coverage structure based on the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1 is a Ku / Ka dual-band transmit / receive common-aperture array antenna, the specific structure of which is as follows:

[0029] See Figure 1This embodiment provides a Ku / Ka dual-band transmit / receive common-aperture array antenna. The antenna includes four Ku / Ka transmit subarrays and one Ku / Ka receive subarray 11. The four Ku / Ka transmit subarrays are designated as a first Ku / Ka transmit subarray 12, a second Ku / Ka transmit subarray 13, a third Ku / Ka transmit subarray 14, and a fourth Ku / Ka transmit subarray 15. The four Ku / Ka transmit subarrays are distributed evenly around the periphery of the Ku / Ka receive subarray 11; specifically, the four Ku / Ka transmit subarrays are respectively located at the four corners of the Ku / Ka receive subarray 11. Isolation enhancement devices 16 are provided between adjacent subarrays and between the Ku / Ka receive subarray 11 and each Ku / Ka transmit subarray.

[0030] A Ku / Ka receiver subarray 11 and four Ku / Ka transmitter subarrays (first Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 12, second Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 13, third Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 14, and fourth Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 15) together constitute an antenna array used to cover a quarter and a half of the airspace. The quarter and a half of the airspace is defined as a continuous sector with an elevation angle of 0° to 90° and an azimuth angle span of 90°. For example, when this antenna array is used to cover the first quadrant, its covered azimuth angle range is 0° to 90°, and its covered elevation angle range is 0° to 90°.

[0031] The Ku / Ka receiver subarray 11 and each Ku / Ka transmitter subarray are located in different spatial planes and have different beam normals. Specifically, the center normal of the Ku / Ka receiver subarray 11 has a pointing angle of (45°, 45°) and is used to cover the entire 90°×90° sector. The four Ku / Ka transmitter subarrays point to different sub-sectors, with their respective normal pointing angles of (22.5°, 22.5°), (22.5°, 67.5°), (67.5°, 22.5°), and (67.5°, 67.5°), respectively, and together they cover the same 90°×90° sector.

[0032] See Figure 2 The Ku / Ka receiver subarray 11 is composed of multiple Ku / Ka dual-band receiver AIP antenna elements 111 expanded in a rectangular grid. In other embodiments, it can also be expanded in a triangular grid. The four Ku / Ka transmitter subarrays (first Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 12, second Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 13, third Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 14, and fourth Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 15) are all composed of multiple Ku / Ka dual-band transmitter AIP antenna elements 131 expanded in a rectangular grid. In other embodiments, triangular grid expansion can also be used.

[0033] See Figure 3The Ku / Ka dual-band receiver common-aperture AIP antenna element 111 includes: a 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband receiver array 1111, a Ku / Ka dual-band receiver common-aperture AIP antenna RF channel 1112, and a Ku / Ka dual-band receiver common-aperture AIP antenna interface 1113. The 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband receiver array 1111 consists of four receiver broadband elements 11111 arranged in a rectangular grid. The operating bandwidth of each receiver broadband element 11111 simultaneously covers the Ku receiving band (e.g., 12.25~12.75GHz) and the Ka receiving band (e.g., 17.7~20.2GHz). Each receiver broadband element 11111 has two orthogonal feed ports (feed port 11112 and feed port 11113) for implementing dual-polarized feeding.

[0034] The Ku / Ka dual-band receiver common-aperture AIP antenna RF channel 1112 integrates duplex filtering, signal synthesis, signal amplification, polarization modulation, and polarization selection functions. Through this RF channel, the received Ku and Ka signals can be separated, amplified, and polarization matched.

[0035] The Ku / Ka dual-band receiver common-aperture AIP antenna interface 1113 includes a receiver RF interface 11131 and a receiver power supply control interface 11132. The receiver RF interface 11131 includes four Ka-band receiver interfaces and one Ku-band receiver interface, which are used to output four Ka-band signals and one synthesized Ku-band signal, respectively.

[0036] See Figure 4 The Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common-aperture AIP antenna element 131 includes: a 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband transmit array 1311, a Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common-aperture AIP antenna RF channel 1312, and a Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common-aperture AIP antenna interface 1313. The 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband transmit array 1311 consists of four transmit broadband elements 13111 arranged in a rectangular grid. The operating bandwidth of each transmit broadband element 13111 simultaneously covers the Ku transmit RF band (e.g., 13.75~14.5GHz) and the Ka transmit RF band (e.g., 27.5~31GHz). Each transmit broadband element 13111 has two orthogonal feed ports 13112 and 13113 for achieving dual-polarized radiation.

[0037] The Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common-aperture AIP antenna RF channel 1312 integrates polarization control and selection, power distribution, signal amplification, and full-duplex filtering. During transmission, the externally input Ku and Ka signals are amplified, power divided, and polarization controlled before being fed to the four transmit broadband array elements 13111.

[0038] The Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common-aperture AIP antenna interface 1313 includes a transmit RF interface 13131 and a transmit power supply control interface 13132. The transmit RF interface 13131 includes four Ka-band transmit interfaces and one Ku-band transmit interface, which are used to input four Ka-band signals and one Ku-band signal, respectively.

[0039] In this embodiment, the outer contour side length of the Ku / Ka dual-band receiving common-aperture AIP antenna element 111 is equal to twice the internal element spacing of the 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband receiving array 1111. This outer contour side length is selected based on the element spacing required for a scanning range of at least ±45° when assembling the array at the highest Ku-band receiving frequency (e.g., 12.75GHz). In actual design, the element spacing can be selected based on a ±50° scanning capability to ensure sufficient engineering margin.

[0040] The outer contour side length of the Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common-aperture AIP antenna element 131 is equal to twice the element spacing inside the 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband transmit array 1311. This outer contour side length is selected based on the element spacing required for a scanning range of at least ±22.5° when assembling the array at the highest Ka-band transmit frequency (e.g., 31 GHz). In practical designs, it can be selected based on a ±25° scanning capability.

[0041] The isolation enhancement device 16 is a subarray isolation strip. In this embodiment, it is filled with metamaterial and combined with air gaps to enhance the electromagnetic isolation between the transceiver subarrays. In other embodiments, it can be filled with air, absorbing material, metamaterial alone, or a combination of the aforementioned methods. A recessed cavity (wider at the top and narrower at the bottom) between the transceiver subarrays is used to house the metamaterial or absorbing material. The height of the recessed cavity is 1 / 4 of the length of the low-end wavelength of the Ku band. The metamaterial is a subwavelength periodically arranged array of mushroom-shaped grounding short-circuit posts, with a spacing of 2mm between the posts. The absorbing material is integrally foamed EPMI absorbing foam (high temperature resistant, fully closed-cell structure), which can be integrally foamed with the recessed cavity in the subarray isolation strip.

[0042] Example 2 is a half-spatial coverage Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver array antenna system, the specific structure of which is shown below:

[0043] See Figure 5 This embodiment provides an omnidirectional Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common aperture array antenna system, which includes four Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common aperture array antennas 1 as described in Embodiment 1. Figure 5 The angle between the Y-axis of the XOY coordinate system and the true north direction of the geodetic coordinate system is... θ 1The four antennas are deployed in the four quadrants of the XOY coordinate system, with the center normal direction of each antenna rotated 90° in space sequentially. Specifically: The first antenna is deployed in the first quadrant, covering an azimuth angle of 0° to 90° and an elevation angle of 0° to 90°. The second antenna is deployed in the second quadrant, covering an azimuth angle of 90° to 180° and an elevation angle of 0° to 90°. The third antenna is deployed in the third quadrant, covering an azimuth angle of 180°~270° and an elevation angle of 0°~90°. The fourth antenna is deployed in the fourth quadrant, covering an azimuth angle of 270°~360° and an elevation angle of 0°~90°.

[0044] The four antennas combined achieve full airspace coverage with an elevation angle of 0° to 90° and an azimuth angle of 0° to 360°.

[0045] In this embodiment, four Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver array antennas 1 are located on four orbital circles S1, S2, S3, and S4, respectively, and the orbital circles S1, S2, S3, and S4 completely overlap, meaning that the four antennas are installed on the same circumference. In other embodiments, depending on the installation space constraints of the carrier platform, the four orbital circles may partially overlap or be completely separated from each other. For example, when applied to a large ship platform, the four antennas can be installed at different radii on the bow, stern, port side, and starboard side of the ship.

[0046] Taking the Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver array antenna 1 in the first quadrant as an example, its beam coverage and subarray pointing are as follows: Ku / Ka receiver subarray 11: The airspace coverage ranges from 0° to 90° in azimuth and 0° to 90° in elevation, with a center normal pointing angle of (45°, 45°) and an azimuth and elevation scanning range of ±45° (actual design uses ±50°).

[0047] The first Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 12 has an airspace coverage of azimuth 0°~45° and elevation 0°~45°, with a center normal pointing angle of (22.5°, 22.5°) and a scanning range of ±22.5° (actual design uses ±25°).

[0048] The second Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 13 has an airspace coverage of azimuth 0°~45° and elevation 45°~90°, with a center normal pointing angle of (22.5°, 67.5°) and a scanning range of ±22.5° (actual design is ±25°).

[0049] The third Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 14: The airspace coverage ranges from 45° to 90° in azimuth and 0° to 45° in elevation, with a center normal pointing angle of (67.5°, 22.5°) and a scanning range of ±22.5° (actual design is ±25°).

[0050] The fourth Ku / Ka transmitter subarray 15: The airspace coverage is 45°~90° azimuth and 45°~90° elevation, with a center normal pointing angle of (67.5°, 67.5°) and a scanning range of ±22.5° (actual design is ±25°).

[0051] The antenna beam segmentation methods for the second, third, and fourth quadrants are exactly the same, with only the azimuth coverage range shifted by 90°, 180°, and 270° respectively. That is, for each Ku / Ka dual-frequency transceiver array antenna 1 in each azimuth omnidirectional coverage system, its Ku / Ka receiving subarray 11 covers the entire elevation 0° to 90° half-space within its 90° azimuth sector, and its four Ku / Ka transmitting subarrays collectively cover the full elevation range within the same 90° azimuth sector.

[0052] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of specific implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver array antenna, characterized in that, It includes four Ku / Ka transmitting subarrays and one Ku / Ka receiving subarray (11); the four Ku / Ka transmitting subarrays are distributed around the Ku / Ka receiving subarray (11) and are evenly arranged; isolation enhancement devices are provided between adjacent subarrays; A Ku / Ka receiver subarray (11) and four Ku / Ka transmitter subarrays together constitute an antenna array for covering a quarter and a half airspace, defined as a continuous sector with an elevation angle of 0° to 90° and an azimuth angle span of 90°; the Ku / Ka receiver subarray (11) and each Ku / Ka transmitter subarray are located in different spatial planes and have different beam normal directions; Four Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver array antennas (1) cover sectors with azimuth angles of 0°~90°, 90°~180°, 180°~270°, and 270°~360° respectively, and the elevation coverage range of each antenna is 0°~90°, thus achieving half-space coverage with elevation angles of 0°~90° and azimuth angles of 0°~360°. Four Ku / Ka dual-frequency transceiver array antennas (1) are deployed in the four quadrants of the XOY coordinate system, and the center normal direction of each Ku / Ka dual-frequency transceiver array antenna (1) is rotated 90° in space.

2. The Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common-aperture array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Ku / Ka receiver subarray (11) is composed of multiple Ku / Ka dual-frequency receiver common aperture AIP antenna elements (111) expanded in a rectangular or triangular grid; The four Ku / Ka transmitting subarrays are each composed of multiple Ku / Ka dual-frequency transmitting common-aperture AIP antenna elements (131) expanded in a rectangular or triangular grid.

3. The Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common-aperture array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The Ku / Ka dual-band receiver common aperture AIP antenna unit (111) includes: a 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband receiver array (1111), a Ku / Ka dual-band receiver common aperture AIP antenna RF channel (1112), and a Ku / Ka dual-band receiver common aperture AIP antenna interface (1113). The Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common aperture AIP antenna unit (131) includes: a 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband transmit array (1311), a Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common aperture AIP antenna RF channel (1312), and a Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common aperture AIP antenna interface (1313).

4. The Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common-aperture array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband receiver array (1111) consists of four broadband receiver elements (11111) arranged in a rectangular grid. The working bandwidth of each broadband receiver element (11111) simultaneously covers the Ku and Ka receiver bands. The 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband transmit array (1311) consists of four transmit broadband array elements (13111) arranged in a rectangular grid. The operating bandwidth of each transmit broadband array element (13111) simultaneously covers the Ku transmit radio frequency band and the Ka transmit radio frequency band. Both the transmitting broadband array element (13111) and the receiving broadband array element (11111) have two orthogonal feed ports.

5. A Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common-aperture array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The Ku / Ka dual-frequency receiving common-aperture AIP antenna RF channel (1112) integrates duplex filtering, signal synthesis, signal amplification, polarization modulation and polarization selection functions; the Ku / Ka dual-frequency transmitting common-aperture AIP antenna RF channel (1312) integrates polarization modulation and polarization selection, power distribution, signal amplification and multiplexing filtering functions.

6. A Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common-aperture array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The Ku / Ka dual-band receiver common aperture AIP antenna interface (1113) includes a receiver radio frequency interface (11131) and a receiver power supply control interface (11132). The receiver radio frequency interface (11131) includes four Ka band receiver interfaces and one Ku band receiver interface. The Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common aperture AIP antenna interface (1313) includes a transmit radio frequency interface (13131) and a transmit power supply control interface (13132). The transmit radio frequency interface (13131) includes four Ka-band transmit interfaces and one Ku-band transmit interface.

7. A Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common-aperture array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer contour side length of the Ku / Ka dual-band receiving common aperture AIP antenna unit (111) is equal to twice the internal element spacing of the 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband receiving array (1111), and the outer contour side length is selected according to the element spacing required when the scanning range is not less than ±45° when the highest frequency point of Ku band receiving is arrayed. The outer contour side length of the Ku / Ka dual-band transmit common aperture AIP antenna element (131) is equal to twice the internal element spacing of the 2×2 element Ku / Ka broadband transmit array (1311), and the outer contour side length is selected according to twice the element spacing required when the scanning range is not less than ±22.5° when the highest frequency point of Ka band is arrayed.

8. A Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common-aperture array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation enhancement device (16) is a subarray isolation strip, which is filled with one or more combinations of air, absorbing material, and metamaterial.

9. A Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver array antenna system with omnidirectional coverage, characterized in that, Includes four Ku / Ka dual-band transceiver common aperture array antennas as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 (1); Four Ku / Ka dual-frequency transceiver array antennas (1) are located on four track circles S1, S2, S3, and S4 respectively. The track circles S1, S2, S3, and S4 are completely overlapping, partially overlapping, or separated from each other.

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