A hybrid energy storage frequency modulation method and system based on dynamic power distribution

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of hybrid energy storage frequency modulation, and particularly relates to a hybrid energy storage frequency modulation method and system based on dynamic power distribution; the initial state of charge, rated capacity, real-time output power, discharge capacity and charging capacity of any energy storage unit are acquired, the state of charge and capacity utilization of the energy storage unit are calculated; the first average capacity utilization estimation value of the neighbor node in communication connection with the energy storage unit is acquired; the second average capacity utilization estimation value of the energy storage unit is calculated; the consistency control signal is generated based on the second average capacity utilization estimation value and the capacity utilization, and the dynamic droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system is dynamically generated; the power reference signal is generated based on the consistency control signal, the dynamic droop gain and the frequency deviation. The present application realizes the accurate distribution of the power of the power-type energy storage system and the energy-type energy storage system, significantly improves the frequency recovery speed and effectively suppresses the frequency secondary drop problem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hybrid energy storage frequency regulation, and specifically to a hybrid energy storage frequency regulation method and system based on dynamic power allocation. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, hybrid energy storage systems generally employ droop control to achieve power distribution between power-type and energy-type energy storage. Dynamic droop control, in particular, initially allows power-type energy storage to output high power before gradually withdrawing, while simultaneously increasing the output of energy-type energy storage, thus addressing the secondary frequency drop problem caused by static droop control.

[0003] However, existing dynamic droop control strategies have the following shortcomings: Firstly, their control parameters are usually preset and fixed before operation, making it impossible to adaptively adjust according to the amplitude and rate of change of real-time grid disturbances, resulting in insufficient flexibility and accuracy of power allocation under complex operating conditions. Secondly, existing control strategies only focus on power allocation between different types of energy storage systems, neglecting the coordinated control between multiple energy storage units within the same energy storage system. Although there are state-of-charge balancing methods based on consensus algorithms, they usually require all energy storage units (regardless of type) in a hybrid energy storage system to participate in consensus coordination, forcing power-type energy storage units to adhere to the same energy balance target as energy-type energy storage units, thus limiting the ability of power-type energy storage systems to rapidly support grid frequencies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems mentioned in the prior art, this invention proposes a hybrid energy storage frequency regulation method and system based on dynamic power allocation. This method overcomes the problems of poor adaptability of existing dynamic droop control to real-time disturbances and lack of hierarchical collaborative control of energy storage units. While ensuring that different types of energy storage systems can give full play to their frequency support advantages, it also realizes independent collaboration among energy storage units of the same type, thereby effectively improving the frequency stability of the power grid and realizing the efficient utilization of hybrid energy storage systems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention proposes a hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation, applicable to hybrid energy storage systems, comprising the following steps: S1. Obtain the initial state of charge, rated capacity, real-time output power, discharge capacity, and charging capacity of any energy storage unit; calculate the state of charge of the energy storage unit based on the initial state of charge, rated capacity, and real-time output power. S2. Calculate the capacity utilization rate of the energy storage unit based on the initial state of charge, state of charge, discharge capacity, and charging capacity. S3. Obtain the first average capacity utilization estimate of the neighboring nodes that are communicatively connected to the energy storage unit; calculate and generate the second average capacity utilization estimate of the energy storage unit based on the capacity utilization and the first average capacity utilization estimate. S4. Generate a consistency control signal based on the second average capacity utilization estimate and the capacity utilization. S5. Based on the obtained frequency deviation and the static droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system, dynamically generate the dynamic droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system. S6. Based on the consistency control signal, dynamic droop gain, and frequency deviation, generate the power reference signal for the energy storage unit.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the formula for calculating the state of charge in S1 is as follows:

[0007] In the formula: The type is The The state of charge of each energy storage unit; The type is The The initial state of charge of each energy storage unit; The type is The The rated capacity of each energy storage unit; The type is The Real-time output power of each energy storage unit.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the capacity utilization rate in S2 includes the discharge capacity utilization rate and the charging capacity utilization rate; Furthermore, the sum of the discharge capacity utilization rate and the charging capacity utilization rate is 1; When the discharge capacity utilization rate is 1, the energy storage unit is prohibited from continuing to discharge; when the charging capacity utilization rate is 1, the energy storage unit is prohibited from continuing to charge.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the formula for calculating the discharge capacity utilization rate is as follows:

[0010] In the formula: The type is The Discharge capacity utilization rate of each energy storage unit; and They represent types respectively The The discharge capacity and charging capacity of each energy storage unit; The formula for calculating the charging capacity utilization rate is as follows:

[0011] In the formula: The type is The The utilization rate of the charging capacity of each energy storage unit.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second average capacity utilization rate estimate of the energy storage unit in S3 includes the second average discharge capacity utilization rate estimate and the second average charging capacity utilization rate estimate. The second average capacity utilization estimate of the energy storage unit is calculated using the following distributed consensus iterative algorithm:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula: The type is The The internal variables of each energy storage unit are used to calculate the second average discharge capacity utilization estimate; The type is The estimator gain of the energy storage unit; The type is The The energy storage unit and the first Communication weights between energy storage units; The type is The The estimated second average discharge capacity utilization of each energy storage unit; The type is The Neighbor nodes of each energy storage unit The first average discharge capacity utilization estimate; The type is The estimator parameters of the energy storage unit, and satisfying ; The type is The The internal variables of each energy storage unit are used to calculate the second average charging capacity utilization estimate; The type is The The second average charging capacity utilization rate estimate for each energy storage unit; The type is The Neighboring nodes of each energy storage unit The first average charging capacity utilization estimate.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the calculation formula for the consistency control signal in S4 under the discharge state is as follows:

[0016] In the formula: The type is The Consistency control ratio parameters for each energy storage unit; The consistency control signal is calculated in the charging state as follows:

[0017] In the formula: The type is The Consistency control signals for each energy storage unit.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the formula for calculating the consistency control ratio parameter is as follows:

[0019] In the formula: The type is The The rated capacity of each energy storage unit; The type is The number of energy storage units.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the hybrid energy storage system in S5 includes a battery energy storage system and a supercapacitor energy storage system; The dynamic droop gain in S5 includes the dynamic droop gain of the battery energy storage system and the dynamic droop gain of the supercapacitor energy storage system, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula: This represents the dynamic droop gain of the battery energy storage system; and These represent the static droop gain of the battery energy storage system and the static droop gain of the supercapacitor energy storage system, respectively. For power system frequency deviation; This represents the droop gain rate of change parameter; This represents the dynamic droop gain of a supercapacitor energy storage system.

[0023] As a further improvement to the present invention, the power reference signal calculation formula in S6 is as follows:

[0024] In the formula: The type is The Power reference signal for each energy storage unit; The type is The Consistency control signals for each energy storage unit; The type is The dynamic droop gain of the energy storage system; This refers to the frequency deviation of the power system.

[0025] This invention proposes a hybrid energy storage frequency regulation system based on dynamic power allocation, comprising: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the initial state of charge, rated capacity, real-time output power, discharge capacity and charging capacity of any energy storage unit; and to calculate the state of charge of the energy storage unit based on the initial state of charge, rated capacity and real-time output power. The capacity utilization calculation module is used to calculate the capacity utilization of the energy storage unit based on the initial state of charge, state of charge, discharge capacity, and charging capacity. The second average capacity utilization rate estimation module is used to obtain the first average capacity utilization rate estimation value of neighboring nodes that are communicatively connected to the energy storage unit; and to calculate and generate the second average capacity utilization rate estimation value of the energy storage unit based on the capacity utilization rate and the first average capacity utilization rate estimation value. The consistency control signal generation module is used to generate a consistency control signal based on the second average capacity utilization estimate and the capacity utilization. The dynamic droop gain generation module is used to dynamically generate the dynamic droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system based on the obtained frequency deviation and the static droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system. The power reference signal generation module is used to generate a power reference signal for the energy storage unit based on the consistency control signal, dynamic droop gain, and frequency deviation.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention achieves the following technical effects: This invention, by adjusting the dynamic droop gain, enables the power-type energy storage system to bear the main power output in the early stage of disturbances for rapid response, while the energy-type energy storage system gradually increases its output to provide continuous support. This fully leverages the complementary advantages of different types of energy storage, fundamentally eliminating the risk of secondary frequency drops caused by the depletion or sudden withdrawal of the power-type energy storage system. It significantly improves the frequency stability of the power system and solves the problem that existing single-type energy storage systems cannot simultaneously achieve rapid instantaneous power response and long-term continuous support. The capacity utilization rate, the estimated second average capacity utilization rate, and the consistency control signal calculated by this invention enable proportional output coordination among units within the same type of energy storage system based on real-time available capacity. This ensures that the frequency regulation task burden of each energy storage unit matches its remaining available capacity, avoiding the imbalance problem of some units being overloaded or over-discharged while other units have insufficient output. This overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies that only focus on power distribution between energy storage systems while neglecting the coordination among units within the system. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a power system with a hybrid energy storage system; Figure 2 This invention is of type [missing information]. The Flowchart of frequency regulation control method for an energy storage unit; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the dynamic droop gain calculation proposed in this invention; Figure 4 A graph showing the discharge capacity utilization and output power of the battery energy storage unit; Figure 5 The diagram shows the discharge capacity utilization and output power of the supercapacitor energy storage unit. Figure 6 This is a comparison diagram of the dynamic power allocation method for hybrid energy storage systems proposed in this invention and existing methods. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment proposes a hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation, applied to a hybrid energy storage system, including the following steps: S1. Obtain the initial state of charge, rated capacity, real-time output power, discharge capacity, and charging capacity of any energy storage unit; calculate the state of charge of the energy storage unit based on the initial state of charge, rated capacity, and real-time output power. S2. Calculate the capacity utilization rate of the energy storage unit based on the initial state of charge, state of charge, discharge capacity, and charging capacity. S3. Obtain the first average capacity utilization estimate of the neighboring nodes that are communicatively connected to the energy storage unit; calculate and generate the second average capacity utilization estimate of the energy storage unit based on the capacity utilization and the first average capacity utilization estimate. S4. Generate a consistency control signal based on the second average capacity utilization estimate and the capacity utilization. S5. Based on the obtained frequency deviation and the static droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system, dynamically generate the dynamic droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system. S6. Based on the consistency control signal, dynamic droop gain, and frequency deviation, generate the power reference signal for the energy storage unit.

[0030] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: See Figure 1 The diagram below illustrates the control of the hybrid energy storage system in this embodiment. It comprises a battery energy storage system and a supercapacitor energy storage system, connected to an external power system. Each system consists of multiple battery energy storage units and multiple supercapacitor energy storage units. The controller adjusts the real-time output power of each energy storage unit to regulate the power system frequency. Preferably, the hybrid energy storage system in this embodiment consists of four battery energy storage units and six supercapacitor energy storage units, but this configuration is not limited to these numbers; the number of battery and supercapacitor energy storage units can be adjusted according to the application scenario.

[0031] Additionally, it should be noted that in this embodiment, battery energy storage system represents energy-type energy storage system, and supercapacitor energy storage system represents power-type energy storage system. Therefore, the method of this embodiment is not limited to hybrid energy storage systems composed solely of battery energy storage system and supercapacitor energy storage system, but is also applicable to hybrid energy storage systems composed of other energy-type energy storage systems and power-type energy storage systems.

[0032] Synchronous generator: Represents synchronous generating equipment in a traditional power system. Its output power is adjusted by droop control and automatic generation control to provide frequency support for the power system. Power system: Represents the physical transmission and distribution networks of the power system.

[0033] For hybrid energy storage systems, the energy storage type is first defined. , Represents battery energy storage systems. Representing supercapacitor energy storage systems, for types of The energy storage system is configured by numbering the energy storage units as follows: ,like Figure 2 As shown, the method process in this embodiment is as follows: Step 1: Obtain the basic parameters of the energy storage unit. This is used to obtain parameters of type [missing information]. energy storage system and the first The basic parameters of an energy storage unit, including the initial state of charge. ,in The type is The Initial state of charge of each energy storage unit; rated capacity , ,in The type is The Rated capacity of each energy storage unit; discharge capacity and charging capacity and , ,in and They represent types respectively The The discharge capacity and charging capacity of each energy storage unit.

[0034] Calculate the state of charge based on the basic parameters:

[0035] In the formula: The type is The The state of charge of each energy storage unit; The type is The The initial state of charge of each energy storage unit; The type is The The rated capacity of each energy storage unit; The type is The The real-time output power of each energy storage unit, wherein in discharge mode, the real-time output power of the energy storage unit satisfies In charging mode, the real-time output power of the energy storage unit meets the requirements. .

[0036] Step 2: Calculate the capacity utilization rate of the energy storage unit. In this embodiment, the capacity utilization rate includes the discharge capacity utilization rate and the charging capacity utilization rate. The formula for calculating the discharge capacity utilization rate is as follows:

[0037] In the formula: The type is The Discharge capacity utilization rate of each energy storage unit; and They represent types respectively The The discharge capacity and charging capacity of each energy storage unit; The formula for calculating charging capacity utilization is as follows:

[0038] In the formula: The type is The The utilization rate of the charging capacity of each energy storage unit.

[0039] This embodiment calculates the capacity utilization rate of the energy storage unit, taking into account the actual operating condition where only a portion of the energy storage unit's capacity is available for frequency regulation. When the energy storage unit participates in frequency regulation, for types... The For each energy storage unit, the sum of its discharge capacity utilization rate and charging capacity utilization rate is always 1. When the discharge or charging capacity utilization rate of an energy storage unit is equal to 1, the corresponding capacity has been completely used up, and the energy storage unit can no longer continue to discharge or charge.

[0040] When the discharge capacity utilization rate of any two energy storage units is equal, or the charging capacity utilization rate of any two energy storage units is equal, it can be considered that the energy storage units have achieved capacity consistency and coordination.

[0041] Step 3: In this embodiment, the first average capacity utilization rate estimate of the energy storage unit's neighboring nodes is obtained, wherein the first average capacity utilization rate estimate includes the first average discharge capacity utilization rate estimate. Compared with the first average charging capacity utilization estimate And it is sent to the local energy storage unit via the communication network to calculate the second average capacity utilization estimate of the energy storage unit, wherein This represents the number of all neighboring nodes of the energy storage unit.

[0042] The second average capacity utilization estimate in this embodiment includes a second average discharge capacity utilization estimate and a second average charge capacity utilization estimate, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula: The type is The The internal variables of each energy storage unit are used to calculate the second average discharge capacity utilization estimate; The type is The estimator gain of the energy storage unit; The type is The The energy storage unit and the first Communication weights between energy storage units; The type is The The estimated second average discharge capacity utilization of each energy storage unit; The type is The Neighbor nodes of each energy storage unit The first average discharge capacity utilization estimate; The type is The estimator parameters of the energy storage unit, and satisfying ; The type is The The internal variables of each energy storage unit are used to calculate the second average charging capacity utilization estimate; The type is The The second average charging capacity utilization rate estimate for each energy storage unit; The type is The Neighboring nodes of each energy storage unit The first average charging capacity utilization estimate.

[0045] Step 4: Based on the second average capacity utilization estimate and the capacity utilization, generate a consistency control signal. When the energy storage unit is in a discharge state, the specific calculation is as follows:

[0046] In the formula: The type is The Consistency control ratio parameters for each energy storage unit.

[0047] Among them, the consistency control ratio parameter The specific calculations are as follows:

[0048] In the formula: The type is The The rated capacity of each energy storage unit; The type is The number of energy storage units.

[0049] When the energy storage unit is in the charging state, the specific calculation of the consistency control signal is as follows:

[0050] In the formula: The type is The Consistency control signals for each energy storage unit.

[0051] Step 5, as follows Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment first obtains the droop parameters of the battery energy storage unit. , The droop parameter of the supercapacitor energy storage unit , The static droop gain of the battery energy storage system and the supercapacitor energy storage system are calculated separately, using the following formulas:

[0052]

[0053] In the formula: and These represent the static droop gain of the battery energy storage system and the static droop gain of the supercapacitor energy storage system, respectively. and They represent the first The battery energy storage unit and the first The droop parameter of a supercapacitor energy storage unit; and These represent the number of battery energy storage units and supercapacitor energy storage units, respectively.

[0054] Obtaining the frequency deviation of the power system .

[0055] Calculate the dynamic droop gain of a hybrid energy storage system, specifically for a battery energy storage system. The specific calculation is as follows:

[0056] In the formula: This represents the dynamic droop gain of the battery energy storage system; and These represent the static droop gain of the battery energy storage system and the static droop gain of the supercapacitor energy storage system, respectively. For power system frequency deviation; This represents the droop gain rate of change parameter.

[0057] For supercapacitor energy storage systems, i.e. The specific calculation is as follows:

[0058] In the formula: This represents the dynamic droop gain of a supercapacitor energy storage system.

[0059] In this embodiment, dynamic droop gain enables a more reasonable power distribution between the battery energy storage system and the supercapacitor energy storage system, thereby avoiding the secondary frequency drop problem caused by a sudden decrease in the real-time output power of the supercapacitor energy storage system. Since the static droop gain of the supercapacitor energy storage system is typically greater than that of the battery storage system, the dynamic droop gain of the supercapacitor energy storage system changes rapidly with frequency (i.e.,...). The dynamic droop gain is greater than that of the battery energy storage system, thus ensuring that the real-time output power of the supercapacitor energy storage system is greater than that of the battery energy storage system.

[0060] Subsequently, during frequency recovery (i.e.) The dynamic droop gain of the supercapacitor energy storage system gradually decreases, while the dynamic droop gain of the battery energy storage system gradually increases. This ensures that the real-time output power of the supercapacitor energy storage system gradually decreases, while the real-time output power of the battery energy storage system gradually increases to maintain frequency recovery.

[0061] Step Six: Based on the consistency control signal, dynamic droop gain, and frequency deviation, generate the power reference signal for the energy storage unit. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0062] In the formula: The type is The Power reference signal for each energy storage unit; The type is The Consistency control signals for each energy storage unit; The type is The dynamic droop gain of the energy storage system; This refers to the frequency deviation of the power system.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, when the power system experiences a load increase of 0.06 per unit at the 10th second, the discharge capacity utilization rates of all battery energy storage units gradually converge and become consistent. Subsequently, when the power system reduces the load by 0.12 per unit at the 100th second, the discharge capacity utilization rate trajectories of all battery energy storage units remain the same, indicating that the battery energy storage system achieves consistency in capacity utilization. Furthermore, from... Figure 4It can be seen that the battery energy storage unit continuously participates in power regulation throughout the entire disturbance process, and its real-time output power changes relatively smoothly and for a long period of time, indicating that battery energy storage is more inclined to undertake the role of long-term energy support.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, when the power system experiences a load increase of 0.06 per unit at the 10th second, the discharge capacity utilization rates of all supercapacitor energy storage units quickly converge and become consistent. Subsequently, when the power system reduces the load by 0.12 per unit at the 100th second, the discharge capacity utilization rate trajectories of all supercapacitor energy storage units remain the same, indicating that the supercapacitor energy storage system achieves consistency in capacity utilization. Furthermore, from... Figure 5 It can be seen that the supercapacitor energy storage unit did not exhaust its discharge or charge capacity under both sudden load increases and decreases. Moreover, it quickly outputs power to support the system frequency after the disturbance occurs. Subsequently, the real-time output power gradually decreases and eventually exits frequency regulation, indicating that it is more suitable for supporting rapid frequency while effectively avoiding the problem of secondary frequency drops.

[0065] like Figure 6 As shown, existing method 1 uses uniform capacity utilization control for all energy storage units without distinguishing between energy storage types. Existing method 2 uses static droop gain to achieve power distribution between the battery energy storage system and the supercapacitor energy storage system, while using uniform capacity utilization control within the energy storage system. From Figure 6 It can be seen that the minimum and peak frequencies of existing method 1 are -0.15Hz and 0.3Hz, respectively, while existing method 2 and the method proposed in this invention raise the minimum frequency to -0.12Hz and reduce the peak frequency to 0.25Hz. This result shows that this invention can effectively reduce the maximum frequency deviation by fully utilizing the different characteristics of battery energy storage systems and supercapacitor energy storage systems. Furthermore, compared to existing method 2, the method proposed in this invention uses dynamic droop gain to dynamically adjust the power distribution between the battery energy storage system and the supercapacitor energy storage system, avoiding the problem of secondary frequency drops in the grid caused by the continuous output of the supercapacitor energy storage system due to static droop gain.

[0066] Based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment of the invention also provides a hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control system based on dynamic power allocation. Since the principle of solving the problem by this hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control system based on dynamic power allocation is similar to that of the aforementioned hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation, the implementation of this hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control system based on dynamic power allocation can refer to the implementation of the hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation, and the repeated parts will not be described again.

[0067] In specific implementation, the hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control system based on dynamic power allocation provided in this embodiment of the invention specifically includes: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the initial state of charge, rated capacity, real-time output power, discharge capacity and charging capacity of any energy storage unit; and to calculate the state of charge of the energy storage unit based on the initial state of charge, rated capacity and real-time output power. The capacity utilization calculation module is used to calculate the capacity utilization of the energy storage unit based on the initial state of charge, state of charge, discharge capacity, and charging capacity. The second average capacity utilization rate estimation module is used to obtain the first average capacity utilization rate estimation value of neighboring nodes that are communicatively connected to the energy storage unit; and to calculate and generate the second average capacity utilization rate estimation value of the energy storage unit based on the capacity utilization rate and the first average capacity utilization rate estimation value. The consistency control signal generation module is used to generate a consistency control signal based on the second average capacity utilization estimate and the capacity utilization. The dynamic droop gain generation module is used to dynamically generate the dynamic droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system based on the obtained frequency deviation and the static droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system. The power reference signal generation module is used to generate a power reference signal for the energy storage unit based on the consistency control signal, dynamic droop gain, and frequency deviation.

[0068] Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a hybrid energy storage frequency regulation device based on dynamic power allocation, including a processor and a memory, wherein the processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to implement the hybrid energy storage frequency regulation method based on dynamic power allocation as provided in embodiments of the present invention.

[0069] For more detailed information on the above methods, please refer to the relevant content disclosed in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0070] Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the hybrid energy storage frequency regulation method based on dynamic power allocation as described above in embodiments of the present invention.

[0071] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems, devices, and storage media disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0072] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0073] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented directly by hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software module can be located in random access memory (RAM), main memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0075] The above provides a detailed description of the hybrid energy storage frequency regulation method, system, device, and storage medium based on dynamic power allocation provided by the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation, applied to a hybrid energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Obtain the initial state of charge, rated capacity, real-time output power, discharge capacity, and charging capacity of any energy storage unit; calculate the state of charge of the energy storage unit based on the initial state of charge, rated capacity, and real-time output power. S2. Based on the initial state of charge, state of charge, discharge capacity, and charging capacity, calculate the capacity utilization rate of the energy storage unit. S3. Obtain the first average capacity utilization estimate of the neighboring nodes that are communicatively connected to the energy storage unit; calculate and generate the second average capacity utilization estimate of the energy storage unit based on the capacity utilization and the first average capacity utilization estimate. S4. Generate a consistency control signal based on the second average capacity utilization estimate and the capacity utilization. S5. Based on the obtained frequency deviation and the static droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system, dynamically generate the dynamic droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system. S6. Based on the consistency control signal, dynamic droop gain, and frequency deviation, generate the power reference signal for the energy storage unit.

2. The hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the state of charge in S1 is as follows: In the formula: The type is The The state of charge of each energy storage unit; The type is The The initial state of charge of each energy storage unit; The type is The The rated capacity of each energy storage unit; The type is The Real-time output power of each energy storage unit.

3. The hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The capacity utilization rate in S2 includes the discharge capacity utilization rate and the charging capacity utilization rate; Furthermore, the sum of the discharge capacity utilization rate and the charging capacity utilization rate is 1; When the discharge capacity utilization rate is 1, the energy storage unit is prohibited from continuing to discharge; when the charging capacity utilization rate is 1, the energy storage unit is prohibited from continuing to charge.

4. The hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the discharge capacity utilization rate is as follows: In the formula: The type is The Discharge capacity utilization rate of each energy storage unit; and They represent types respectively The The discharge capacity and charging capacity of each energy storage unit; The formula for calculating the charging capacity utilization rate is as follows: In the formula: The type is The The utilization rate of the charging capacity of each energy storage unit.

5. The hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second average capacity utilization rate estimate of the energy storage unit in S3 includes the second average discharge capacity utilization rate estimate and the second average charging capacity utilization rate estimate. The second average capacity utilization estimate of the energy storage unit is calculated using the following distributed consensus iterative algorithm: In the formula: The type is The The internal variables of each energy storage unit are used to calculate the second average discharge capacity utilization estimate; The type is The estimator gain of the energy storage unit; The type is The The energy storage unit and the first Communication weights between energy storage units; The type is The The estimated second average discharge capacity utilization of each energy storage unit; The type is The Neighbor nodes of each energy storage unit The first average discharge capacity utilization estimate; The type is The estimator parameters of the energy storage unit, and satisfying ; The type is The The internal variables of each energy storage unit are used to calculate the second average charging capacity utilization estimate; The type is The The second average charging capacity utilization rate estimate for each energy storage unit; The type is The Neighboring nodes of each energy storage unit The first average charging capacity utilization estimate.

6. The hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the consistency control signal in S4 under the discharge state is as follows: In the formula: The type is The Consistency control ratio parameters for each energy storage unit; The consistency control signal is calculated in the charging state as follows: In the formula: The type is The Consistency control signals for each energy storage unit.

7. The hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the consistency control ratio parameter is as follows: In the formula: The type is The The rated capacity of each energy storage unit; The type is The number of energy storage units.

8. The hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hybrid energy storage system in S5 includes a battery energy storage system and a supercapacitor energy storage system. The dynamic droop gain in S5 includes the dynamic droop gain of the battery energy storage system and the dynamic droop gain of the supercapacitor energy storage system, and its calculation formula is as follows: In the formula: This represents the dynamic droop gain of the battery energy storage system; and These represent the static droop gain of the battery energy storage system and the static droop gain of the supercapacitor energy storage system, respectively. For power system frequency deviation; This represents the droop gain rate of change parameter; This represents the dynamic droop gain of a supercapacitor energy storage system.

9. The hybrid energy storage frequency regulation control method based on dynamic power allocation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power reference signal calculation formula in S6 is as follows: In the formula: The type is The Power reference signal for each energy storage unit; The type is The Consistency control signals for each energy storage unit; The type is The dynamic droop gain of the energy storage system; This refers to the frequency deviation of the power system.

10. A hybrid energy storage frequency regulation system based on dynamic power allocation, characterized in that, include: The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the initial state of charge, rated capacity, real-time output power, discharge capacity and charging capacity of any energy storage unit. The state of charge of the energy storage unit is calculated based on the initial state of charge, rated capacity, and real-time output power. The capacity utilization calculation module is used to calculate the capacity utilization of the energy storage unit based on the initial state of charge, state of charge, discharge capacity, and charging capacity. The second average capacity utilization rate estimation module is used to obtain the first average capacity utilization rate estimation value of neighboring nodes that are communicatively connected to the energy storage unit; and to calculate and generate the second average capacity utilization rate estimation value of the energy storage unit based on the capacity utilization rate and the first average capacity utilization rate estimation value. The consistency control signal generation module is used to generate a consistency control signal based on the second average capacity utilization estimate and the capacity utilization. The dynamic droop gain generation module is used to dynamically generate the dynamic droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system based on the obtained frequency deviation and the static droop gain of the hybrid energy storage system. The power reference signal generation module is used to generate a power reference signal for the energy storage unit based on the consistency control signal, dynamic droop gain, and frequency deviation.

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