A modular battery power supply system for an ultra-low-field magnetic resonance imaging device and a battery hot plug and fast charging coordination control method

Abstract

The application provides a modular battery power supply system for an ultra-low-field magnetic resonance imaging device and a battery hot plug and fast charging coordination control method. The modular battery power supply system comprises at least two standardized battery modules, an intelligent power supply backboard, a double-redundancy communication bus, and an adaptive charging management module; the standardized battery module is used for providing direct current power supply for the ultra-low-field magnetic resonance imaging device, each standardized battery module is integrated with an energy storage cell, a single battery management unit, a bidirectional isolation DC / DC conversion unit, a hot plug control unit, and a communication interface unit; the intelligent power supply backboard is provided with a plurality of battery module slots, a main controller, a power supply bus, a fast charging input interface, and a magnetic resonance device power supply interface, the main controller is connected with the communication interface unit of each standardized battery module through the double-redundancy communication bus, and the plurality of battery module slots are connected in parallel through the power supply bus to form an N+1 redundancy power supply topology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to ultra-low-field magnetic resonance imaging (ULF-MRI) equipment, specifically a modular battery-powered system suitable for ultra-low-field magnetic resonance imaging equipment. Background Technology

[0002] As ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging (ULF-MRI) technology advances towards portability and real-time intraoperative imaging, higher demands are placed on the mobility and continuous power supply capabilities of the equipment. Existing ULF-MRI devices mostly employ fixed or single-battery-pack power supply solutions, which present the following problems: First, limited battery life, with a single battery capacity insufficient to support long surgeries or multiple consecutive examinations; second, long charging times, with traditional lithium battery management systems (BMS) employing conservative charging strategies that cannot meet the needs of emergency or high-intensity usage scenarios; third, maintenance interruptions, such as requiring power off the device to replace the battery, leading to imaging interruptions and affecting surgical continuity; and fourth, poor scalability, as battery capacity cannot be flexibly configured according to task requirements.

[0003] Although some industrial equipment has adopted hot-swappable battery designs, ultra-low field magnetic resonance systems have extremely high requirements for power supply stability, electromagnetic compatibility, and transient power response. The battery power supply process generates electromagnetic fields that affect magnetic resonance imaging. Directly applying general solutions can easily lead to system restarts, magnetic resonance image artifacts, or even equipment damage.

[0004] Existing ultra-low field MRI (ULF-MRI) devices typically use a single-cell integrated battery system, lacking hot-swappable capabilities, and the charging interface is tightly coupled to the main control unit. When the battery is depleted, the device must be shut down for replacement or wait for several hours to recharge, severely impacting clinical efficiency. Furthermore, the application of fast charging technology in high-power medical devices is limited, primarily due to: the electromagnetic field generated during fast charging potentially interfering with the RF receiving link; the potential for circulating current, overcharging, or false protection triggering when multiple batteries are connected in parallel without proper electrical isolation and state synchronization; and the lack of dynamic charging scheduling strategies tailored to the characteristics of ULF-MRI loads. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a modular battery power supply system for ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment, comprising at least two standardized battery modules, an intelligent power backplane, a dual-redundant communication bus, and an adaptive charging management module. The standardized battery modules provide DC power to the ultra-low field MRI equipment. Each standardized battery module integrates an energy storage cell, a single-cell battery management unit, a bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter unit, a hot-swappable control unit, and a communication interface unit. The intelligent power backplane is equipped with multiple battery module slots, a main controller, a power supply bus, a fast-charging input interface, and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device interface. The main controller is connected to the communication interface unit of each standardized battery module via a dual-redundant communication bus. Multiple battery module slots are connected in parallel through a power supply bus to form an N+1 redundant power supply topology. The hot-swap control unit is used to perform pre-charging, soft-start grid connection, and power-off control of the battery modules, enabling the battery modules to be hot-swapped while the ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging equipment is running. The adaptive charging management module is integrated into the intelligent power backplane and is configured to electromagnetically isolate the fast charging power supply path from the imaging equipment power supply path, and dynamically adjust the fast charging current according to the magnetic resonance imaging timing to avoid fast charging interference affecting the imaging signal.

[0006] In one embodiment, the energy storage cell is a lithium iron phosphate energy storage cell, and the single-cell battery management unit integrates a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, an insulation monitoring circuit, and overcharge, over-discharge, overcurrent, and short-circuit protection circuits.

[0007] In one embodiment, the bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter unit is a bidirectional full-bridge isolated DC / DC converter with a stable output voltage of 200V±5% and electrical isolation characteristics between the input and output terminals.

[0008] In one embodiment, the hot-swap control unit includes a precharge relay, a main power MOSFET switch, and a fault fuse.

[0009] In one embodiment, the communication interface unit is a dual communication interface consisting of a CAN bus interface and an SMBus interface, and the dual redundant communication bus is a CAN redundant bus and an SMBus redundant bus, realizing dual-channel transmission of battery module status information.

[0010] In one embodiment, the main controller of the intelligent power backplane is a backplane-level battery management master controller. This master controller is configured to collect the state of charge (SOC), power state, temperature, and fault status of each standardized battery module, and to perform multi-module SOC balancing control. The dynamic power allocation logic of the backplane-level battery management master controller is as follows: it prioritizes the discharge of battery modules with lower SOCs, delays the discharge of battery modules with higher SOCs, and maintains the SOC difference among the battery modules within a preset balancing threshold.

[0011] In one embodiment, the fast charging input interface supports access to a 400V vehicle-mounted high-voltage power supply platform or is compatible with DC fast charging pile access; an interleaved parallel power factor correction circuit and an LLC resonant converter circuit are provided between the fast charging input path and the power supply bus.

[0012] In one embodiment, the adaptive charging management module has a built-in timing synchronization unit, which is used to acquire the radio frequency transmission timing and gradient switching timing of the magnetic resonance device, and reduce or suspend the fast charging current during the imaging-sensitive period.

[0013] In one embodiment, an LC filter circuit and a metal shielding layer are provided between the fast charging power supply path and the imaging device power supply path to achieve physical electromagnetic separation.

[0014] In one embodiment, the entire process of hot-plugging the battery module takes less than 500 milliseconds, and the voltage fluctuation of the power supply bus during the plugging and unplugging process is less than ±3%.

[0015] In one embodiment, the standardized battery module is packaged in a standard size, and multiple standardized battery modules can be freely combined to flexibly expand the total power supply capacity of the system within the range of 2kWh to 8kWh.

[0016] In one implementation, in the N+1 redundant power supply topology, when any one battery module fails or is removed, the remaining battery modules automatically supplement the power supply to maintain uninterrupted power supply to the system.

[0017] In one embodiment, the bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter unit has the ability to convert between low voltage and high voltage, supporting both battery module discharge and fast charging power supply to charge the battery module.

[0018] The present invention also provides an ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging system, including an ultra-low field magnetic resonance magnet, a radio frequency transceiver unit, a gradient system, and a pulse sequence controller, and also includes the aforementioned modular battery power supply system. The power supply bus of the modular battery power supply system provides DC power to the ultra-low field magnetic resonance magnet, the radio frequency transceiver unit, and the gradient system. The timing synchronization unit of the modular battery power supply system is electrically connected to the pulse sequence controller to enable fast charging scheduling and imaging sequence timing to operate in tandem.

[0019] This invention also provides a battery hot-plugging and fast-charging coordinated control method for ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging equipment, applied to the aforementioned modular battery power supply system, including: battery module access process: after detecting a battery module insertion signal, the battery module health status is verified through a dual-redundant communication bus. After the verification is passed, the pre-charging circuit is started to perform soft pre-charging on the power supply bus. After the pre-charging is completed, the bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter unit is soft-started to connect the battery module to the power supply bus; battery module removal process: after receiving the removal command, the main controller controls the target battery module to exit the power supply state, cuts off the power supply output and releases the mechanical latch, allowing the battery module to be removed; fast-charging coordinated control process: when the fast-charging power supply is connected, the fast-charging path and the imaging power supply path are electromagnetically isolated, the magnetic resonance imaging timing is acquired synchronously, and the fast-charging current amplitude is dynamically adjusted during the imaging sensitive period to maintain the stability of the power supply bus.

[0020] In one embodiment, the battery module health status verification includes cell voltage verification and insulation status verification. Only after the verification is passed can grid connection be permitted.

[0021] In one implementation, during the multi-module discharge scheduling process, the state of charge (SOC) value of each battery module is calculated in real time. When the SOC difference between any two battery modules exceeds a preset equalization threshold, SOC equalization control is initiated.

[0022] In one implementation, during the insertion and removal of the battery module, the voltage, current and ripple index of the power supply bus are monitored in real time. When any parameter exceeds the preset safety range, the protection mechanism is activated to disconnect the corresponding battery module.

[0023] In one implementation, the fast charging process employs an interleaved parallel power factor correction and LLC resonant transformation topology to reduce total harmonic distortion of the input current.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: Uninterrupted operation: Due to the adoption of N+1 redundant power supply topology and hot-swap control mechanism, the entire process of inserting and removing the battery module takes less than 500 milliseconds, and the bus voltage fluctuation is less than ±3%. The system can complete battery replacement while the equipment is running, achieving true uninterrupted power supply, significantly improving clinical availability, and is suitable for scenarios with stringent requirements for continuous operation, such as mobile stroke units, field hospitals, and ICU bedsides.

[0025] Improved fast charging efficiency: Through the coordinated control of the adaptive charging management module and imaging timing, the fast charging process avoids sensitive periods such as radio frequency transmission, gradient switching and signal acquisition. Fast charging is resumed during the time intervals, which not only ensures imaging quality, but also achieves fast charging performance of restoring more than 80% of the battery in 30 minutes, greatly shortening the equipment turnaround time.

[0026] Electromagnetic compatibility assurance: The fast charging path and the imaging power supply path are physically electromagnetically separated by LC filter circuits and metal shielding layers. The fast charging converter adopts an interleaved parallel PFC and LLC resonant topology to reduce the total harmonic distortion rate of the input current, meeting the requirements of the medical electromagnetic compatibility standard IEC 60601-1-2, and ensuring that the fast charging ripple will not interfere with the signal-to-noise ratio of the RF receiving link.

[0027] High reliability and maintainability: Standardized module design facilitates batch maintenance, upgrades, or lease replacement; bidirectional isolated DC / DC converters prevent inter-module circulating currents; dual redundant communication buses (CAN+SMBus) ensure that the system can still operate normally when any one communication link fails; N+1 redundancy configuration ensures that the failure of any single module will not cause the entire machine to crash.

[0028] Flexible expansion: The total power supply capacity of the system can be flexibly configured from 2kWh to 8kWh by increasing or decreasing the number of battery modules, which is suitable for clinical scenarios with different power requirements and battery life, and can be adapted to multi-scenario deployment. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Other features, objects, and advantages of this disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the overall architecture of the modular battery power supply system of the present invention. Figure 2 A block diagram of the internal structure of a standardized battery module; Figure 3 This is a timing diagram for hot-plug control; Figure 4 Diagram of the electromagnetic compatibility collaborative architecture for fast charging and imaging; Figure 5 The results are for voltage fluctuation tests during the hot-plugging process. Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the timing coordination control waveform between the charging module and MRI imaging. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present disclosure, but do not limit the present disclosure in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present disclosure. These all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0031] Example 1: Overall Structure of a Modular Battery Power Supply System Reference Figure 1 The overall architecture of the modular battery power supply system in this embodiment is as follows: The system includes at least two standardized battery modules (1 to N), an intelligent power backplane, a dual-redundant communication bus, and an adaptive charging management module. Each standardized battery module establishes a dual-path communication connection with the backplane-level main control battery management unit of the intelligent power backplane through its own communication interface unit (a dual-redundant interface consisting of a CAN bus interface and an SMBus interface).

[0032] The intelligent power supply backplane is located within the ultra-low field magnetic resonance equipment cabinet, providing multiple battery module slots. Each slot is connected in parallel via a DC power supply bus (rated voltage 200V, stability range ±5%) to form an N+1 redundant power supply topology. The backplane-level main control battery management unit collects real-time data on the state of charge (SOC), state of power (SOP), temperature, and fault status of each module, and performs multi-module SOC balancing control and dynamic power distribution.

[0033] The fast charging input interface is located on the back panel of the intelligent power supply, supporting access to a 400V vehicle-mounted high-voltage power platform or compatible with DC fast charging pile access. An interleaved parallel power factor correction (PFC) circuit and an LLC resonant converter circuit are sequentially arranged between the fast charging input path and the power supply bus to convert the input power into a stable 200V DC bus voltage.

[0034] The system is also equipped with an imaging equipment power supply interface, which supplies power to loads such as the ultra-low field magnetic resonance magnet, radio frequency transceiver unit, and gradient system through the power supply bus.

[0035] The system also includes a timing synchronization unit, which is electrically connected to the pulse sequence controller of the ultra-low field magnetic resonance device. This unit receives the radio frequency transmission timing and gradient switching timing signals in real time and sends these signals to the charging scheduling controller.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The internal structure of each standardized battery module in the left-hand area is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, each module uses a standard-size package and includes the following five functional units: ① Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) energy storage cells: Multiple cells are connected in series to form an energy storage module. The LFP chemical system has the characteristics of high safety and long cycle life. ② Single cell management unit: integrates voltage acquisition circuit, current acquisition circuit, temperature acquisition circuit, insulation monitoring circuit, as well as overcharge, over-discharge, overcurrent and short circuit protection circuits, to monitor the cell status in real time and execute protection actions; ③ Bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter unit: It adopts a bidirectional full-bridge isolation topology, and the output voltage is stable at 200V±5%. The built-in isolation transformer realizes electrical isolation between the input and output terminals, prevents circulating current between modules, and supports bidirectional energy conversion of discharge (cell → bus) and charging (bus → cell); ④ Hot-swap control unit: including pre-charge relay, main power MOSFET switch and fault fuse, which performs module insertion pre-charge, soft start grid connection and disconnection power-off control under the scheduling of timing control circuit; ⑤ Dual communication interface unit: including CAN bus interface and SMBus interface, the two interfaces operate in parallel to achieve dual redundant communication, and the other interface automatically takes over when one interface fails.

[0037] Example 2: Hot-swap control of battery modules Reference Figure 3 The following details the control process for inserting and removing the battery module.

[0038] Hot-plug-in timing (e.g.) Figure 3 (As shown on the left) With the equipment running, the operator aligns the battery module to be inserted with an empty slot on the smart power supply backplane and pushes it in. Step 1 (t0): The module's communication interface pins first electrically connect to the slot, establishing a connection via the dual-redundant communication bus (CAN+SMBus). The module's individual battery management unit automatically powers on and begins self-testing, simultaneously sending module identification information to the backplane-level main control battery management unit. Step 2 (t0~t1): The backplane-level main control battery management unit receives the module's identification information via the dual-redundant communication bus and issues a health status query command to the module. The module's individual battery management unit performs cell voltage verification and insulation status verification, and reports the verification results via the communication bus. If the verification passes, the backplane main control allows the module to enter the insertion process; if the verification fails, grid connection is prohibited and a fault is reported. The third step (t1~t2 stage): The timing control circuit sends a closing command to the pre-charge relay, which closes. The module forms a pre-charge loop with the bus through the current-limiting element. Under the limitation of the current-limiting element, the module's output voltage slowly rises to match the DC bus voltage. This process effectively limits the inrush current and prevents sudden changes in the bus voltage. The fourth step (t2~t3 stage): After pre-charging is complete, the timing control circuit controls the main power MOSFET switch to perform a soft start, gradually transitioning from high impedance to low impedance conduction state, smoothly connecting the battery module to the DC bus. After successful grid connection, the backplane-level main control battery management unit incorporates it into power distribution scheduling and charging scheduling management. The entire process takes no more than 500 milliseconds, and the bus voltage fluctuation does not exceed ±3%, without interfering with the operation of the imaging system's RF power amplifier and gradient power amplifier.

[0039] Hot-Plug-Out timing (e.g.) Figure 3 (As shown on the right) When a battery module needs to be removed, the operator initiates a removal request through the equipment control terminal. Step 1 (t0): The backplane-level main control battery management unit sends a "to be separated" command to the target battery module. Upon receiving the command, the module's timing control circuit begins the removal process. Step 2 (t1~t2): The module's timing control circuit controls the main power MOSFET switch to perform a soft shutdown, gradually reducing the module's power output to zero to avoid bus voltage disturbances caused by sudden load changes. Step 3 (t2~t3): The main power MOSFET is completely turned off, and the module is electrically isolated from the DC bus. After confirming isolation, the timing control circuit sends a "removable" status signal, the mechanical latch unlocks, and the operator can safely remove the battery module. During the removal process, the power supply bus voltage fluctuation is consistently controlled within ±3%, and the N+1 redundancy configuration ensures that other modules automatically supplement power, ensuring uninterrupted system operation.

[0040] like Figure 5As shown, with an N+1 redundant power supply topology and hot-swap control mechanism, the rated bus voltage is configured to 48V. The voltage fluctuation during the hot-swap process is tested. According to the bus voltage fluctuation displayed on the oscilloscope, the total hot-swap time is 173.379ms (<500ms); the bus voltage fluctuation is 1.078V, and the fluctuation range is approximately 2.25% (<3%).

[0041] Example 3: Coordinated Control of Fast Charging and Imaging Electromagnetic Compatibility Reference Figure 4 The following details the collaborative control mechanism for fast charging and imaging electromagnetic compatibility.

[0042] Electromagnetic isolation architecture: The fast charging power supply path and the imaging equipment power supply path are physically isolated on the intelligent power backplane. Although both paths are connected to the 200V DC power supply bus, electromagnetic isolation is achieved electrically through the following measures: First layer of isolation: The fast charging input path is equipped with an interleaved parallel PFC circuit to correct the power factor of the input current and control the total harmonic distortion (THD) within the range that meets the IEC 60601-1-2 standard; Second layer of isolation: The fast charging path then undergoes high-frequency isolation conversion via an LLC resonant converter. The switching frequency of the LLC resonant converter is selected to maintain a sufficient distance from the RF operating frequency (usually in the MHz range) of the ultra-low field magnetic resonance equipment to avoid frequency overlap and intermodulation interference; Third layer of isolation: An LC filter circuit is set between the output of the fast charging converter and the power supply bus to suppress the high-frequency ripple generated by fast charging; At the same time, a metal shielding layer (aluminum or copper) is set between the fast charging path and the imaging power supply path to further block the conduction and radiation coupling of high-frequency noise.

[0043] Timing Coordination Control: The timing synchronization unit obtains the timing information of the imaging sequence in real time through electrical connection with the pulse sequence controller and identifies the following three sensitive periods: (1) Radio frequency transmission stage: At this time, the radio frequency power amplifier is in a high-power transmission state and is extremely sensitive to power supply ripple. The ripple may be coupled into the receiving link through the power supply port of the radio frequency power amplifier, affecting the signal-to-noise ratio; (2) Gradient switching stage: The gradient power amplifier has a large current step change in this stage, which requires high bus voltage stability; (3) ADC signal acquisition stage: The magnetic resonance signal is being acquired in this stage, and any power supply disturbance may be directly reflected in the image data. After the timing synchronization unit detects the above sensitive periods, it sends the instruction to the charging scheduling controller to "reduce charging current" or "pause charging". The charging scheduling controller dynamically adjusts the fast charging current amplitude or current slope according to the instruction, reducing the charging current to below the preset sensitive period current threshold, or pausing it completely. After the sensitive period ends, the timing synchronization unit sends the instruction to the charging scheduling controller to "restore charging", and the fast charging resumes normal power. During the intervals between sensitive periods, fast charging charges at or near the rated power, achieving a balance between charging efficiency and image quality.

[0044] The temporal coordinated control achieved in this invention is based on the precise state marking of the MRI equipment and the physical characteristics of electromagnetic interference, achieving strict temporal isolation to avoid electromagnetic interference generated during charging affecting imaging quality. For example... Figure 6As shown, the specific technical implementation is as follows: First, based on the precise coordination of clearly defined system state flags, the MRI equipment's operating sequence (such as radio frequency transmission, gradient field switching, and signal acquisition) has strict timing specifications, and clear state flags (State Flags / Triggers) are set at the system's bottom layer. The adaptive charging management module of this invention accurately identifies the current working stage of the MRI system by monitoring these clear state flags in real time. When the state flag indicates that the system is in a sensitive period such as signal acquisition, the charging management module immediately cuts off or pauses charging and remains silent; fast charging is only allowed to resume when the state flag indicates that the system has entered a non-sensitive safety window. This coordination based on clear hardware / software flags ensures absolute precision in control. Second, the transient characteristics and lack of trailing phenomenon of the interference source mean that the current surge at the moment of charging circuit startup does not generate continuous electromagnetic radiation interference, because the electromagnetic interference of the fast charging device used in this invention mainly comes from the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) high-frequency switching action of the internal switching devices of the charging power supply. This interference has extremely strong transient and accompanying characteristics; current surges and high-frequency electromagnetic radiation are only generated when the PWM switching devices are actually turned on and off. Once the PWM stops working, the interference source disappears immediately, eliminating the noticeable trailing phenomenon caused by capacitor discharge or inductor energy release in traditional analog circuits. In other words, the electromagnetic environment instantly returns to cleanliness as soon as the PWM stops. Furthermore, in coordinated control, appropriate buffer time (Guard Time) can be reserved before and after the timing sequence. Before the MRI equipment status indicator indicates the approach of a sensitive period, the charging management module prematurely shuts off the PWM switch; after the sensitive period ends, the buffer time is waited for the system to stabilize completely before restarting the PWM for charging. This double-protection mechanism further avoids any possibility of overlap between interference signals and imaging signals on the time axis.

[0045] Example 4: State of Charge Equalization and Dynamic Power Allocation The backplane-level main control battery management unit is responsible for managing the state of charge (SOC) balancing and dynamic power allocation of multiple battery modules. Dynamic power allocation logic: The backplane-level main control battery management unit monitors the SOC and state of power (SOP) of each module in real time. During discharge, it prioritizes the discharge of battery modules with lower SOCs, delaying the discharge of battery modules with higher SOCs. This maintains the SOC difference between battery modules within a preset balancing threshold, achieving SOC balancing across multiple modules and preventing over-discharge of some modules. This is suitable for clinical scenarios involving multiple consecutive examinations and battery rotation in ULF-MRI equipment. Simultaneously, it limits the output power of modules whose SOC is close to the discharge cutoff threshold to prevent over-discharge. During charging, it prioritizes charging modules with lower SOCs with higher currents, causing the SOC difference between modules to converge to within a preset balancing threshold (typically 5%~10%). Fault isolation mechanism: When a single-cell battery management unit detects that any parameter of the cell voltage, temperature, insulation resistance, or current exceeds the safety threshold, it immediately triggers the fault fuse to isolate the faulty module from the DC bus. After receiving the fault report, the backplane-level main control battery management unit automatically recalculates the power distribution scheme. The N+1 redundancy configuration ensures that the remaining modules can automatically supplement the power supply, and the system continues to operate.

[0046] Example 5: System Expansion and Configuration The modular battery power supply system of this invention supports flexible capacity expansion. Regarding energy storage capacity configuration, operators can adjust the total system capacity by increasing or decreasing the number of standardized battery modules according to the needs of actual clinical scenarios, with a typical configuration range of 2kWh to 8kWh. For example, a short-duration bedside rapid scanning scenario can be configured with 2-3 modules (approximately 2-4kWh); a mobile stroke unit or intraoperative real-time imaging scenario can be configured with 4-6 modules (approximately 5-8kWh); and a scenario involving multiple consecutive examinations can be configured with more than 6 modules, used in conjunction with fast charging for rotation. In terms of redundancy configuration, the number of slots on the intelligent power supply backplane is designed according to the N+1 principle, meaning that the actual number of modules used is N, with one redundant slot reserved. When any module fails or is removed for replacement, the redundant module automatically takes over operation without interrupting equipment operation.

[0047] The specific embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this disclosure. The above-described preferred features can be used in any combination without conflict.

Claims

1. A modular battery power supply system for ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging equipment, characterized in that, include: It includes at least two standardized battery modules, an intelligent power backplane, dual redundant communication buses, and an adaptive charging management module. The standardized battery module is used to provide DC power to the ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging equipment. Each standardized battery module integrates an energy storage cell, a single cell management unit, a bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter unit, a hot-swappable control unit, and a communication interface unit. The intelligent power supply backplane is equipped with multiple battery module slots, a main controller, a power supply bus, a fast charging input interface, and a magnetic resonance equipment power supply interface. The main controller is connected to the communication interface unit of each standardized battery module through a dual redundant communication bus. Multiple battery module slots are connected in parallel through the power supply bus to form an N+1 redundant power supply topology. The hot-swap control unit is used to perform the pre-charging, soft-start grid connection and disconnection control of the battery module, so that the battery module can be hot-swapped while the ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging equipment is in operation. The adaptive charging management module is integrated into the intelligent power backplane and is configured to electromagnetically isolate the fast charging power supply path from the imaging device power supply path, and dynamically adjust the fast charging current according to the magnetic resonance imaging timing to avoid fast charging interference affecting the imaging signal.

2. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage cell is a lithium iron phosphate energy storage cell. The single-cell battery management unit integrates a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, an insulation monitoring circuit, as well as overcharge, over-discharge, overcurrent, and short-circuit protection circuits.

3. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter unit is a bidirectional full-bridge isolated DC / DC converter with a stable output voltage of 200V±5% and electrical isolation characteristics between the input and output terminals.

4. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot-swap control unit includes a pre-charge relay, a main power MOSFET switch, and a fault fuse.

5. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication interface unit is a dual communication interface consisting of a CAN bus interface and an SMBus interface. The dual redundant communication bus consists of a CAN redundant bus and an SMBus redundant bus, enabling dual-channel transmission of battery module status information.

6. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller of the intelligent power backplane is a backplane-level battery management master controller. The backplane-level battery management master controller is configured to collect the state of charge, power status, temperature and fault status of each standardized battery module, and perform multi-module state of charge balancing control.

7. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dynamic power allocation logic of the backplane-level battery management master controller is as follows: prioritize the discharge of battery modules with lower state of charge, delay the discharge of battery modules with higher state of charge, so that the difference in state of charge of each battery module is maintained within the preset equalization threshold.

8. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fast charging input interface supports access to a 400V vehicle-mounted high-voltage power supply platform or is compatible with DC fast charging pile access; an interleaved parallel power factor correction circuit and an LLC resonant converter circuit are set between the fast charging input path and the power supply bus.

9. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive charging management module has a built-in timing synchronization unit, which is used to acquire the radio frequency transmission timing and gradient switching timing of the magnetic resonance device, and reduce or suspend the fast charging current during the imaging-sensitive period.

10. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, An LC filter circuit and a metal shielding layer are provided between the fast charging power supply path and the imaging device power supply path to achieve physical electromagnetic separation.

11. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The entire process of hot-plugging the battery module takes less than 500 milliseconds, and the voltage fluctuation of the power supply bus during the plugging and unplugging process is less than ±3%.

12. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standardized battery modules are packaged in standard sizes, and multiple standardized battery modules can be freely combined, allowing the total power supply capacity of the system to be flexibly expanded in the range of 2kWh to 8kWh.

13. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the N+1 redundant power supply topology, if any battery module fails or is removed, the remaining battery modules automatically supplement the power supply to maintain uninterrupted power supply to the system.

14. The modular battery power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter unit has the ability to convert low voltage to high voltage and high voltage to low voltage in both directions, supporting both battery module discharge power supply and fast charging power supply to charge the battery module.

15. An ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging device, comprising an ultra-low field magnetic resonance magnet, a radio frequency transceiver unit, a gradient system, and a pulse sequence controller, characterized in that, It also includes a modular battery power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the power supply bus of the modular battery power supply system provides DC power to the ultra-low field magnetic resonance magnet, the radio frequency transceiver unit and the gradient system, and the timing synchronization unit of the modular battery power supply system is electrically connected to the pulse sequence controller so that fast charging scheduling and imaging sequence timing operate in coordination.

16. A method for coordinated control of battery hot-swapping and fast charging in ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging equipment, applied to the modular battery power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, include: Battery module access process: After detecting the battery module insertion signal, the battery module health status is verified through the dual redundant communication bus. After the verification is passed, the pre-charging circuit is started to perform soft pre-charging on the power supply bus. After the pre-charging is completed, the bidirectional isolated DC / DC converter unit is soft-started to connect the battery module to the power supply bus. Battery module removal process: After receiving the removal command, the main controller controls the target battery module to exit the power supply state, cuts off the power supply output and releases the mechanical latch, allowing the battery module to be removed; Fast charging collaborative control process: When the fast charging power supply is connected, the fast charging path and the imaging power supply path are electromagnetically isolated. The magnetic resonance imaging time sequence is collected synchronously, and the fast charging current amplitude is dynamically adjusted during the imaging sensitive period to maintain the stability of the power supply bus.

17. The control method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The battery module health status verification includes cell voltage verification and insulation status verification. Only after the verification is passed can grid connection be allowed.

18. The control method according to claim 16, characterized in that, During the multi-module discharge scheduling process, the state of charge (SOC) value of each battery module is calculated in real time. When the SOC difference between any two battery modules exceeds the preset equalization threshold, SOC equalization control is initiated.

19. The control method according to claim 16, characterized in that, During the insertion and removal of battery modules, the voltage, current and ripple of the power supply bus are monitored in real time. When any parameter exceeds the preset safety range, the protection mechanism is activated to disconnect the corresponding battery module.

20. The control method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The fast charging process employs interleaved parallel power factor correction and LLC resonant transformation topology to reduce total harmonic distortion of the input current.

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