Intelligent middle switch cabinet and control system based on multi-source holographic perception
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WANMA TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-07
AI Technical Summary
[0003]鉴于中置开关柜内部各腔室通过金属隔板隔离、热－电－绝缘耦合关系复杂，运维管控要求具备温升基线自适应校准、多类隐患关联耦合的能力，现有方案多采用单测点阈值告警、温升与局放缺陷独别的模式，无法适配上述要求
1.本申请通过局放净差序列追踪脉冲相位丛集模式研判绝缘缺陷演变状态，将绝缘状态与载流隐患层级做多维矩阵耦合生成覆盖全隔室的综合健康图谱，打破了不同故障类型独立研判的壁垒，可输出精准匹配当前设备状态的控制指令，提升开关柜状态感知的准确性与运维处置的预见性，降低非计划停运与误动拒动风险；
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Figure CN122533243A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of switchgear control technology, specifically to an intelligent mid-voltage switchgear and control system based on multi-source holographic perception. Background Technology
[0002] In the operation and maintenance of medium-voltage metal-enclosed switchgear at the core nodes of the power distribution network, it is necessary to detect various potential hazards such as overheating of internal current-carrying components and deterioration of insulation media in real time, and to predict faults such as abnormal temperature rise and partial discharge in advance to ensure power supply reliability.
[0003] Given that the internal chambers of the medium-voltage switchgear are isolated by metal partitions and the thermal-electrical-insulation coupling relationship is complex, the operation and maintenance management requires the ability to adaptively calibrate the temperature rise baseline and correlate multiple types of hidden dangers. Existing solutions mostly adopt the mode of single measurement point threshold alarm and separate temperature rise and partial discharge defects, which cannot meet the above requirements.
[0004] Based on this requirement, this invention proposes an intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception. Through edge computing layer sequence preprocessing, multi-physical domain comprehensive correlation mapping analysis, and multi-dimensional state coupling to generate a comprehensive health map, the system can accurately issue control commands. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent central switch cabinet and control system based on multi-source holographic perception to solve the problems in the background technology.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception, comprising: Edge computing unit: Extracts source data from the holographic sensing array and performs sequence reprocessing to obtain the temperature rise fluctuation zero-fundamental wave sequence and partial discharge net difference sequence; Comprehensive Analysis Unit: Extracts the skewness and kurtosis distribution characteristics of the zero-fundamental wave sequence of temperature rise fluctuations, collects load data of the current transformer in the cable room, constructs a comprehensive correlation mapping surface based on the heat transfer properties of the metal partitions in each chamber, performs adaptive baseline drift compensation on the extracted distribution characteristics based on the nonlinear analysis mechanism of the comprehensive correlation mapping surface, extracts the generalization standard deviation of the compensated feature set, and superimposes the trend decay factor of the comprehensive correlation mapping surface to classify the current hidden danger evolution level of the current-carrying components in each chamber; Command issuing unit: Based on the reconstructed partial discharge clearance sequence, it tracks the phase clustering pattern of the pulse, analyzes the evolution state of discharge defects inside the insulation medium, couples the evolution state of insulation defects with the hidden danger evolution level of current-carrying components in each compartment in a multi-dimensional matrix, generates a comprehensive health map of the switchgear, and issues control commands based on the comprehensive health map.
[0007] Furthermore, the holographic sensing array source data includes dynamic temperature rise time series from the busbar compartment, cable compartment, and vacuum circuit breaker trolley contacts; partial discharge frequency-varying signals running through the compartments separated by metal partitions; and the cabinet's climate parameter sequence, which are then reprocessed as follows: Background noise stripping and smoothing detrending operations are performed on the dynamic temperature rise time series to obtain the temperature rise fluctuation zero fundamental wave sequence. Frequency domain nonlinear spectral subtraction is introduced to purify the original partial discharge frequency-varying signal to obtain the partial discharge net difference sequence.
[0008] Furthermore, when acquiring the zero-fundamental sequence of temperature rise fluctuations, a smoothing detrending algorithm combining adaptive sliding window and climate thermodynamic baseline compensation is adopted. Based on the original dynamic temperature rise time series sampled values, the sliding bandwidth radius of the smoothing detrending operation, the environmental interference heat offset function constructed based on the heat transfer law, and the synchronously sampled in-cabinet climate parameter sequence vector, the algorithm dynamically removes the low-frequency slowly drifting baseline and the additional coupled heat introduced by external climate parameters from the temperature rise data.
[0009] Furthermore, the comprehensive analysis unit constructs a comprehensive correlation mapping surface, including the following steps: Combining the heat transfer properties of the metal partitions in each chamber, and based on the equivalent thermal impedance coefficient determined by the material and surface emissivity of the metal partitions in each chamber, the real-time load current and reference current of the current transformer, the climate environment dissipation rate integrating real-time temperature and humidity, and the thermal conductivity and spatial Laplace thermal gradient of adjacent metal partitions, the dynamic nonlinear balance between the Joule heat generation of the electrical load and the conduction, convection and radiation network of the multi-chamber system is quantified, and the topological manifold of climate temperature and humidity - real-time load - multi-chamber spatial heat dissipation is constructed.
[0010] Furthermore, adaptive baseline drift compensation is performed on the extracted distribution morphology features. This is based on an initial high-frequency distribution morphology feature set containing skewed and kurtotic elements, a nonlinear adjustment weight determined by the curvature of the mapping surface, and a dimensionless comprehensive correlation mapping surface partial derivative drift term on the time scale. The real-time derivative change rate of the heat dissipation manifold is used as a dynamic calibration anchor point for processing. The current hidden danger evolution level of each compartment current-carrying component is divided based on a piecewise mapping function from continuous probability to discrete threshold domain. The multidimensional generalization standard deviation of the feature set after fusion compensation and the material thermal fatigue trend decay factor resolved by the mapping surface are exponentially weighted and judged.
[0011] Furthermore, when obtaining the partial discharge net difference sequence, the frequency domain nonlinear spectral subtraction method is based on the time-spectrum amplitude mapping of the original partial discharge frequency-varying signal, the average power spectral density distribution of the background noise extracted within the time window without partial discharge activity, and the adaptive over-subtraction coefficient controlled by the intensity of environmental electromagnetic interference. It uses the spectral energy difference mapping mechanism to remove the steady-state environmental interference component and retain the transient waveform characteristics.
[0012] Furthermore, the instruction issuing unit tracks the phase clustering pattern of the pulses, including the following steps: In addition to the time and frequency domains, a phase analysis dimension is introduced, and a statistical phase angle distribution algorithm is used to reconstruct the time-varying signal. Based on the total number of partial discharge pulses captured within a unit power frequency cycle, the effective amplitude of the pulses in the partial discharge net error sequence and their corresponding instantaneous power frequency phase angles, as well as the width of the discrete Gaussian kernel distribution that characterizes the physical morphology of the defect, the degree of concentration of partial discharge pulses in the power frequency phase and the concentration of energy release are quantified.
[0013] Furthermore, the instruction issuing unit performs multidimensional matrix coupling between the insulation defect evolution state and the hidden danger evolution level of each compartment's current-carrying component. Based on the intrinsic weight diagonal matrix determined by the insulation tolerance limit and thermodynamic margin of the equipment material, the extracted feature vector of the insulation defect evolution state, the hidden danger evolution level vector of each compartment's current-carrying component, and the synergistic acceleration coefficient characterizing the thermal-electric cross-coupling promotion effect, it performs multidimensional matrix tensor operations to quantify the nonlinear cross-influence between high-frequency partial discharge accumulation and heat dissipation decay.
[0014] Furthermore, the instruction issuing unit issues control instructions based on the comprehensive health map, including the following control logic: A transient energy release assessment function is introduced to calculate the cumulative index of transient energy release risk within the current time window of the system; When the criterion is in the low-level security range, a routine warning is issued through the status display unit and the communication unit. When the degradation is determined to be close to the critical threshold, a derating operation or trip command is triggered, driving the circuit breaker trolley to perform mechanical isolation and disconnection, and locking the operation circuit in conjunction with the mechanical interlocking mechanism. When it is determined that there is a risk of release of internal arc short circuit precursor, the output timing control signal triggers the opening timing of the pressure relief channel at the top of the cabinet.
[0015] This application also provides an intelligent central switch cabinet based on multi-source holographic perception, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it runs the control system.
[0016] The technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention in the above technical solution are as follows: 1. This application uses the partial discharge clearance sequence to track the pulse phase cluster pattern to judge the evolution state of insulation defects. It couples the insulation state with the current-carrying hazard level in a multi-dimensional matrix to generate a comprehensive health map covering the entire compartment. This breaks the barrier of independent judgment of different fault types and can output control commands that accurately match the current equipment status, improve the accuracy of switchgear status perception and the predictability of operation and maintenance, and reduce the risk of unplanned shutdowns and malfunctions. 2. This application uses an edge computing layer to reprocess the source data of the holographic sensing array to obtain the temperature rise fluctuation zero-fundamental sequence and partial discharge net error sequence after removing environmental interference, thereby reducing the interference of noise on subsequent analysis from the source. Based on the thermal properties of the metal partitions of each chamber and combined with the load data of the current transformer, a comprehensive correlation mapping surface across the physical domain is constructed to adaptively compensate for the skewness and kurtosis distribution of the temperature rise characteristics. The trend attenuation factor is superimposed to divide the evolution level of hidden dangers in the current-carrying components, which solves the problems of baseline shift, misjudgment and missed judgment caused by traditional temperature rise monitoring that does not consider the thermal coupling of the chamber and the influence of load fluctuation. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the control system of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the generation process of the health map in this invention.
[0020] Figure 3 This is one of the structural diagrams of the switchgear of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 4 This is the second structural diagram of the switchgear of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] Example 1: This example provides an intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic sensing. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: Edge computing unit: Extracts source data from the holographic sensing array. The source data specifically includes: dynamic temperature rise time series from the busbar compartment (three-phase main busbar and branch busbar), cable compartment (cable terminal), and vacuum circuit breaker trolley contacts; partial discharge frequency variation signals throughout the above-mentioned metal partition chambers; and the cabinet climate parameter sequence. The sequence is reprocessed, specifically by: removing background noise and smoothing and detrending the real-time captured dynamic temperature rise time series and partial discharge frequency variation signals to obtain the temperature rise fluctuation zero-fundamental wave sequence and partial discharge net error sequence after filtering out power frequency and environmental interference. The temperature rise fluctuation zero-fundamental wave sequence is sent to the comprehensive analysis unit, and the partial discharge net error sequence is sent to the command issuing unit.
[0024] For the source data extracted by the multi-source holographic sensing array, the edge computing unit performs synchronous sampling and spatial mapping of multi-dimensional heterogeneous signals, and captures in real time the high-frequency dynamic temperature rise time sequence of multiple spatial nodes such as the three-phase main bus and branch bus in the bus room, the cable terminal in the cable room, and the vacuum circuit breaker handcart contact, and obtains the partial discharge frequency-varying signal and multi-dimensional cabinet climate parameter sequence that runs through the above-mentioned metal partition-separated chambers.
[0025] The multidimensional climate parameter sequence within the cabinet consists of a multidimensional time-series feature vector composed of ambient temperature, relative humidity, local air pressure, and particulate dust concentration. Ambient temperature and relative humidity are used to correct the nonlinear convective heat transfer coefficient of the metal partition surfaces in each independent compartment; local air pressure is used to correct the air dielectric constant and the discharge abrupt change threshold of the insulating medium surface; and particulate dust concentration serves as a correction gain for the creepage heating effect and dielectric loss factor on the dielectric surface. These multidimensional climate parameters are synchronously and parallelly acquired at power frequency using multi-sensor climate sensors distributed throughout the busbar compartment, circuit breaker compartment, and cable compartment. After analog-to-digital conversion and clock alignment, the data are fed into the edge computing unit.
[0026] After acquiring the multi-source dynamic time series, a sequence reprocessing mechanism is initiated on the real-time captured dynamic temperature rise time series to eliminate power frequency load fluctuations and external environmental thermodynamic interference. Specifically: A smoothing and detrending algorithm combining adaptive sliding window and climate thermodynamic baseline compensation is used to remove background noise. The calculation formula is as follows: ,in Let T(i) be the i-th sampled value in the extracted temperature rise fluctuation zero-fundamental sequence, T(i) be the original dynamic temperature rise time series sampled value, and k be the sliding bandwidth radius of the smoothing and detrending operation. This is an environmental disturbance thermal offset function constructed based on the laws of heat transfer. The synchronously sampled cabinet climate parameter sequence vector is used to dynamically remove the low-frequency slowly drifting baseline and the additional coupled heat introduced by external climate parameters from the temperature rise data. The zero-fundamental sequence of temperature rise fluctuations, after filtering out power frequency and environmental interference, is extracted. After this dimension is reprocessed, the zero-fundamental sequence of temperature rise fluctuations will be sent to the integrated analysis unit as a pure thermodynamic characteristic source for classifying the fatigue and aging status of the main circuit current-carrying components.
[0027] The sliding bandwidth radius k is dynamically determined based on the Nyquist sampling theorem and the periodic characteristics of the actual power frequency load in the distribution network. Its value should typically cover at least one to two complete load fluctuation cycles (e.g., the number of sampling points over several hours) to smooth out the thermal offset function caused by random and sudden environmental disturbances. Based on Newton's law of cooling, the results were obtained by performing multiple linear regression calculations on temperature-ambient temperature and humidity datasets under historical no-load or constant-load conditions.
[0028] To address the partial discharge frequency-varying signal accompanying the microscopic degradation of equipment insulation, the edge computing unit simultaneously performs high-frequency domain background noise stripping and noise reduction extraction. Given the complex electromagnetic resonance and multipath effects within the switchgear's internal metal cavity, a frequency-domain nonlinear spectral subtraction method is introduced to purify the original partial discharge frequency-varying signal, which includes broadband background white noise and narrowband periodic interference. The mathematical expression of its stripping logic is as follows: ,in The effective amplitude of the final output partial discharge net error sequence at frequency f and time t. The time-spectral amplitude mapping of the original partial discharge frequency-varying signal is given, and N(f) is the average power spectral density distribution of the background noise extracted within the time window without partial discharge activity. It is an adaptive over-attenuation coefficient controlled by the intensity of environmental electromagnetic interference.
[0029] Over-reduction coefficient The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is determined based on the signal processing field's rules, and the acquisition logic is as follows: Real-time calculation of the posterior signal-to-noise ratio of the current frame frequency-varying signal, and establishment The inverse proportional function relationship with SNR (e.g.) When the signal-to-noise ratio is extremely low, The maximum value is set to 3. 5. To strongly suppress ambient white noise, when the signal-to-noise ratio is high, Approaching the lower limit of 1 prevents distortion of weak partial discharge characteristic waveforms.
[0030] By utilizing the spectral energy difference mapping mechanism, while strictly preserving the transient waveform characteristics of weak high-frequency partial discharge pulses, the interference components of the steady-state environment are stripped away to the greatest extent, thereby obtaining a high-fidelity partial discharge net difference sequence. After obtaining this feature sequence, the edge computing unit sends it to the command issuing unit in real time, directly serving the transient response and protection action triggering criteria of the underlying control mechanism.
[0031] Comprehensive Analysis Unit: By integrating the reconstructed temperature rise fluctuation zero-fundamental sequence and climate parameter sequence, the fatigue and aging status of the main circuit current-carrying components (busbars, circuit breaker trolley contacts, cable terminals) distributed in each independent compartment are dynamically classified spatially. The deductive logic is as follows: High-frequency distribution characteristics such as skewness and kurtosis of the zero-fundamental sequence of temperature rise fluctuations are extracted. Load data of the current transformers in the cable room are collected simultaneously. Based on the heat transfer properties of the metal partitions in each chamber, a dimensionless comprehensive correlation mapping surface of climate temperature and humidity, real-time load, and multi-chamber space heat dissipation is constructed. Relying on the nonlinear analysis mechanism of the comprehensive correlation mapping surface, adaptive baseline drift compensation is performed on the extracted distribution characteristics. The generalization standard deviation of the compensated feature set is extracted, and the trend decay factor of the comprehensive correlation mapping surface is superimposed. The current hidden danger evolution level of the current-carrying components in each compartment is divided and sent to the command issuing unit. The reconstructed temperature rise fluctuation zero-fundamental sequence was spatiotemporally aligned with the climate parameter sequence inside the cabinet. For the main circuit current-carrying components distributed in each independent compartment (including busbars, circuit breaker trolley contacts, and cable terminals), the high-frequency distribution morphology features such as skewness and kurtosis in their temperature rise fluctuation zero-fundamental sequence were extracted to characterize the asymmetric and extreme local heating mutations caused by microscopic degradation of contact resistance.
[0032] Based on this, broadband load data of the current transformers in the cable room are collected synchronously, and a dimensionless comprehensive correlation mapping surface is constructed by combining the heat transfer properties of the metal partitions in each chamber. Its spatial thermodynamic equation is expressed as: , To reflect the dimensionless comprehensive correlation mapping surface parameters of heat dissipation in multi-chamber spaces, The equivalent thermal resistance coefficient is determined by the material and surface emissivity of the metal partitions in each chamber. and These are the real-time load current and the reference current of the instrument transformer, respectively. To integrate the climatic environmental dissipation rate with real-time temperature and humidity, and The thermal conductivity and spatial Laplace thermal gradient of adjacent metal compartments are respectively used. By quantifying the dynamic nonlinear balance between the Joule heat generation of electrical load and the conduction, convection and radiation network of complex multi-chamber system, a topological manifold of climate temperature and humidity-real-time load-multi-chamber spatial heat dissipation stripped of absolute physical units is constructed.
[0033] Based on the nonlinear analysis mechanism of the comprehensive correlation mapping surface constructed above, an adaptive baseline drift compensation operation is performed on the initially extracted high-frequency distribution morphological features. To eliminate the pseudo-state feature distortion caused by material thermal inertia and gradual load changes over long time, the compensation calculation formula is set as follows: ,in, This is the high-frequency eigenvector matrix after adaptive baseline drift compensation. It is the initial high-frequency distribution morphological feature set containing skewed and kurtotic elements. The nonlinear adjustment weights are adaptively determined by the curvature of the mapped surface. The partial derivative drift term of the dimensionless synthetic correlation mapping surface on the time scale is used as the real-time derivative change rate of the heat dissipation manifold as the dynamic calibration anchor point to filter and compensate for the low-frequency free components introduced by the coupling of slowly changing operating conditions in the morphological feature set.
[0034] The nonlinear adjustment weight G should be derived from the dimensionless comprehensive correlation mapping surface. The spatial second-order partial derivative (i.e., the trace of the Hertz matrix, characterizing the curvature) is calculated. The larger the curvature, the more nonlinear the abrupt change in local heat dissipation. G should be adaptively reduced to prevent overcompensation. The time parameter t is the historical sliding time window for baseline tracking. Its value should be equal to the equivalent physical thermal time constant of the specific material of the switch cabinet (such as copper busbar and epoxy resin insulation) (usually in the range of 3 to 6 hours).
[0035] After feature compensation is completed, the generalized standard deviation of the compensated feature set is calculated to measure the discrete deterioration trend of the heating state, and the trend decay factor of the superimposed comprehensive correlation mapping surface is extracted simultaneously through the hierarchical evolution function: Determine the physical state of the current-carrying components. This outputs the current hazard evolution level of each compartment's current-carrying component. It is a piecewise mapping function from continuous probability to the discrete threshold domain. To compensate for the multidimensional generalization standard deviation of the feature set, To calibrate the decay penalty gain for the aging rate, The material thermal fatigue trend decay factor is analyzed from the mapping surface. It integrates the nonlinear dispersion of the current transient heating mutation and the long-period physical thermodynamic decay inertia. Through exponential weight superposition, it completes the dynamic classification calculation of the fatigue and aging state of the main circuit current-carrying components in the spatial dimension. The calculated evolution level sequence is then fully encapsulated and sent to the command issuing unit as the hard decision input for the action intervention of the underlying control mechanism.
[0036] As a threshold discriminator, its discrete output domain is typically mapped to a standard four-level health state (normal, attention, abnormal, severe), with a decay penalty gain. The calculations are based on the activation energy parameters and absolute operating temperature provided by the factory test of the insulating material, following the empirical formula of Arrhenius.
[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the instruction issuing unit: Based on the reconstructed partial discharge clearance sequence, it tracks the phase clustering pattern of pulses, analyzes the evolution state of discharge defects inside the insulating medium (such as busbar insulating bushings or surge arrester ends), and couples the evolution state of insulation defects with the hidden danger evolution level of current-carrying components in each compartment in a multi-dimensional matrix to generate a comprehensive health map of the entire cabinet. Based on the comprehensive health map, it issues control instructions: Regular early warnings are released externally through the status display unit and communication unit in the relay instrument room. When the degradation is determined to be close to the critical threshold, it automatically triggers the derating operation or tripping instruction led by the protection device, drives the removable vacuum circuit breaker trolley in the circuit breaker trolley room to perform isolation and disconnection, and combines the mechanical interlocking mechanism to ensure the operation of the grounding switch in the cable room is not misoperated. If it is determined that there is a risk of energy release (such as the precursor of internal arc short circuit), it coordinates the evaluation of the opening sequence of the pressure relief channel at the top of the cabinet. The instruction issuing unit introduces a phase analysis dimension beyond the time and frequency domains to track the phase clustering patterns of high-frequency pulses. It then uses a statistical phase distribution algorithm to reconstruct the time-varying signal, and the formula for calculating its density distribution is as follows: , Let be the pulse cluster density function within the power frequency phase interval. This represents the total number of partial discharge pulses captured within a unit power frequency cycle. Let be the effective amplitude of the i-th pulse in the partial discharge error sequence. This is the instantaneous power frequency phase angle corresponding to the pulse triggering. To characterize the phase discrete Gaussian kernel distribution width of the defect physical morphology, the evolution state of insulation defects caused by microscopic air gap distortion or dendritic discharge is analyzed inside the insulating medium such as busbar bushings or arrester ends by quantifying the degree of concentration of partial discharge pulses in the power frequency phase.
[0038] After obtaining the insulation defect status, the command issuing unit executes the thermal-electric multi-physics field intervention and judgment mechanism, and performs multi-dimensional matrix coupling between the analyzed insulation defect evolution status and the hidden danger evolution level of each compartment's current-carrying component output by the previous comprehensive analysis unit to generate a comprehensive health map of the entire cabinet. Its state coupling equation is expressed as: ,in A multidimensional feature coupling map matrix characterizing the overall health status of the entire cabinet. and These are the intrinsic weight diagonal matrices determined by the insulation withstand limit and thermodynamic margin of the equipment material. This is the extracted feature vector of the evolution state of insulation defects. This represents the hierarchical vector of the potential hazards in each compartment's current-carrying components. To characterize the synergistic acceleration coefficient of the thermal-electric cross-coupling promotion effect, a comprehensive health map of the global physical degradation distribution of the switchgear is constructed by quantifying the nonlinear cross-influence between high-frequency partial discharge accumulation and heat dissipation decay through multidimensional matrix tensor operations.
[0039] The weighted diagonal matrix is calculated using either the entropy weight method or principal component analysis (PCA) based on a massive database of historical switchgear fault samples to obtain the intrinsic variance contribution rate of each feature as the diagonal element, and the synergistic acceleration coefficient. The coupling coefficient, used to characterize the cross-effect of insulation degradation and temperature rise accumulation, is typically in the range of 0.1 to 0.3, based on statistical common sense regarding the aging mechanism of high-voltage electrical equipment.
[0040] Based on the constructed comprehensive health map, progressive hard-core control and physical isolation actions are implemented, and a transient energy release assessment function is introduced. The risk discrimination formula is as follows: ,in This represents the cumulative risk index of transient energy release within the current time window of the system. To integrate the health map matrix in The Frobenius norm at time t represents the global degradation magnitude of the entire cabinet. This is the time constant for the accumulation of short-circuit discharge energy. The time sliding window length for transient assessment is used to calculate the evolution rate of global degradation and the scale of transient thermoelectric energy accumulation, providing a hysteresis-free mathematical triggering criterion for the underlying actuators.
[0041] The instruction issuing unit drives the removable vacuum circuit breaker trolley to perform isolation and disconnection based on the comprehensive health map, and combines it with the mechanical interlocking mechanism to ensure the operation of the indoor grounding switch of the cable is prevented from being misoperated. Its specific electrical execution circuit and physical interference prevention physical topology are as follows: The hard-contact control output of the instruction issuing unit is electrically connected to the electrical interlocking control circuit installed in the circuit breaker truck compartment and cable compartment. When the system determines that the degradation is approaching the critical threshold or presents a risk of transient high-energy release and outputs the circuit breaker isolation and grounding anti-misoperation interlocking instruction, the control output instantly releases a high-level drive signal to excite the interlocking electromagnet coil deployed on the secondary circuit of the vacuum circuit breaker truck propulsion mechanism and the axis of the grounding switch operating mechanism. The electromagnet coil is energized (or de-energized and tripped) to drive its built-in locking pin to undergo physical displacement, generating mechanical interference limit on the operating hole baffle of the circuit breaker truck crank handle, and simultaneously changing the interference state of the five-proof mechanical slider rail of the grounding switch operating mechanism.
[0042] Through the aforementioned electromagnetic-mechanical hard physical conversion interface, the digital control spectrum criteria are rigidly converted into rigid physical limits on the electrical interlocking of the secondary auxiliary contacts of the operating circuit and the mechanical rotation stroke of the grounding switch linkage. This cuts off the unauthorized closing path of the grounding switch caused by manual misoperation or electronic malfunction, and completes the strong and weak current isolation and electromechanical dual anti-misoperation interlocking control.
[0043] When the criterion is in the low-level safety range, a routine early warning is issued, and status parameters are released externally through the status display unit and communication unit in the relay instrument room. When the calculated deterioration approaches the critical threshold, a derating operation or trip command led by the hardware protection device is automatically triggered, instantly driving the removable vacuum circuit breaker truck in the circuit breaker truck compartment to perform mechanical isolation and disconnection. The operation circuit is strictly locked in conjunction with the five-proof mechanical interlocking mechanism to ensure the operation of the grounding switch in the cable compartment is prevented from being erroneously performed. If the transient energy release risk accumulation index... If a high-order extreme value is observed to rise sharply, indicating a high-energy release risk such as an internal arc short circuit precursor, the command issuing unit will conduct an advanced collaborative assessment and output a timing control signal to precisely trigger the opening sequence of the pressure relief channel at the top of the cabinet, so as to achieve efficient energy release and explosion-proof isolation before explosive damage occurs.
[0044] In one embodiment of this application, during the summer peak load operation scenario of a 10kV intelligent medium-voltage switchgear at a core node of the distribution network, the edge computing unit performs synchronous sampling and spatial mapping of multi-dimensional heterogeneous signals, and captures in real time the original dynamic temperature rise time sequence sampling value T(i) of the three-phase main bus contacts in the bus compartment as 85℃, and synchronously collects the cabinet's internal climate parameter sequence vector including an ambient temperature of 35℃. The system uses an adaptive sliding window algorithm to calculate the average value of the sliding window for the smoothing and detrending operation. The temperature was set at 75℃, and the environmental disturbance thermal offset function was calculated based on the laws of heat transfer and ambient temperature and humidity data. Given a temperature of 5℃, substitute the above values into the smoothing and detrending algorithm formula. Background noise stripping is performed to obtain the extracted temperature rise fluctuation zero-fundamental wave sequence sample values. The value is 85-75-5=5℃.
[0045] For partial discharge feature extraction, let the square of the time-frequency amplitude of the acquired original partial discharge frequency-varying signal be... for The square of the average power spectral density distribution of background noise for An adaptive over-reduction coefficient controlled by the current environmental electromagnetic interference intensity. Set it to 3, and substitute it into the frequency domain nonlinear spectrum subtraction formula. In the calculation, the square of the effective amplitude of the partial discharge net difference sequence is obtained. for This allows for the acquisition of clean data sequences that have been filtered out of power frequency and environmental interference, which are then sent to downstream processes.
[0046] After receiving the above sequence, the comprehensive analysis unit initiates multi-physics domain comprehensive correlation mapping analysis, extracts distribution morphology features, and constructs a dimensionless comprehensive correlation mapping surface, assuming that the equivalent thermal impedance coefficient is determined by the material and surface emissivity of the metal partitions in each chamber. The real-time load current of the current transformer is 1.2. Compared with reference current The ratio is 1.25, which represents the combined climate and environmental dissipation rate. The product term of the sum of the thermal conductivity gradient terms of the adjacent compartments is 1.5 after quantization.
[0047] Substituting into the space thermodynamic equation The parameters of the dimensionless synthetic correlation mapping surface were calculated. for Adaptive baseline drift compensation is achieved using the nonlinear analysis mechanism of the mapping surface, assuming an initial high-frequency distribution feature set containing skewed and kurtotic elements. The extraction value is 10, the nonlinear adjustment weight G is 0.5, and the integral value of the partial derivative drift term of the mapping surface within the historical time window is... The value is 2, so we substitute it into the formula. Calculate the basis values of the compensated high-frequency eigenvector matrix. for .
[0048] Extract the multidimensional generalization standard deviation of the compensated feature set. Set the decay penalty gain to 9 for the calibrated aging rate. The material's thermal fatigue trend decay factor is 0.1. The value is 1.05, which is then substituted into the hierarchical evolution function. In the calculation, the feature fusion result of the exponential term is approximately 9.99, which is obtained through a piecewise mapping function from continuous probability to the discrete threshold domain. If the level of the component is determined to be close to the third-level warning threshold, the current potential hazard evolution level of each compartment's current-carrying component will be output. The quantization value is 3 when rounded up.
[0049] The instruction issuing unit synchronously tracks the phase clustering pattern of the pulses based on the reconstructed partial discharge error sequence, and uses a statistical phase angle distribution algorithm to reconstruct the aforementioned partial discharge data to obtain the pulse clustering density function value of the corresponding frequency band. The value is 15, and the feature vector of the evolution state of insulation defects is extracted from it. The value is 5.
[0050] To generate a comprehensive health profile of the entire cabinet, intrinsic weights determined by the insulation tolerance limit of the equipment materials are set. The intrinsic weight is 0.8, determined by the thermodynamic margin. The synergistic acceleration coefficient, which is 0.6, characterizes the thermoelectric cross-coupling promoting effect. The value is 0.2, which, together with the hazard evolution level obtained in the previous step, represents... Let's substitute 3 into the state coupling equation: In the process, multidimensional matrix tensor operations are used to obtain the reference value of the multidimensional feature coupling map matrix norm, which represents the overall health status of the entire cabinet. for Substitute the magnitude of this characterization of global degradation into the transient energy release evaluation function: We perform sliding window integration within a time window, and calculate the cumulative risk index of transient energy release within the current time window. The exact value reached 30. Based on the threshold comparison with the built-in expert database, it was determined that the indicator had exceeded the safety critical threshold and showed a high energy release risk of internal arc short circuit precursor. Subsequently, a trip command led by the hardware protection device was automatically triggered, instantly driving the removable vacuum circuit breaker truck in the circuit breaker truck compartment to perform mechanical isolation and disconnection. The mechanical interlocking mechanism was strictly combined to ensure that the grounding switch in the cable compartment was locked to prevent misoperation. At the same time, the advanced coordinated output timing control signal accurately triggered the pressure relief channel on the top of the cabinet to open in advance to achieve efficient explosion protection and physical isolation before the occurrence of explosive damage.
[0051] Example 2: As Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides an intelligent central switch cabinet based on multi-source holographic perception, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it runs the control system. The switchgear also includes the cabinet, busbar compartment, circuit breaker truck compartment, cable compartment, relay and instrument compartment, circuit breaker truck, grounding switch, cabinet door, pressure relief passage and mechanical interlocking mechanism.
[0052] The cabinet is divided into a busbar compartment, a circuit breaker trolley compartment, a cable compartment, and a relay instrument compartment by metal partitions. The busbar compartment houses the three-phase main busbar and branch busbars. The circuit breaker trolley compartment houses a removable vacuum circuit breaker trolley. The cable compartment houses cable terminals, grounding switches, current transformers, and surge arresters. The relay instrument compartment houses protection devices, status display units, communication units, and edge computing units. A pressure relief channel is located at the top of the cabinet for directional pressure relief in case of abnormal pressure inside the cabinet.
[0053] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0054] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to any specific implementation. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims
1. An intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception, characterized in that: include: Edge computing unit: Extracts source data from the holographic sensing array and performs sequence reprocessing to obtain the temperature rise fluctuation zero-fundamental wave sequence and partial discharge net difference sequence; Comprehensive Analysis Unit: Extracts the skewness and kurtosis distribution characteristics of the zero-fundamental wave sequence of temperature rise fluctuations, collects load data of the current transformer in the cable room, constructs a comprehensive correlation mapping surface based on the heat transfer properties of the metal partitions in each chamber, performs adaptive baseline drift compensation on the extracted distribution characteristics based on the nonlinear analysis mechanism of the comprehensive correlation mapping surface, extracts the generalization standard deviation of the compensated feature set, and superimposes the trend decay factor of the comprehensive correlation mapping surface to classify the current hidden danger evolution level of the current-carrying components in each chamber; Command issuing unit: Based on the reconstructed partial discharge clearance sequence, it tracks the phase clustering pattern of the pulse, analyzes the evolution state of discharge defects inside the insulation medium, couples the evolution state of insulation defects with the hidden danger evolution level of current-carrying components in each compartment in a multi-dimensional matrix, generates a comprehensive health map of the switchgear, and issues control commands based on the comprehensive health map.
2. The intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The holographic sensing array source data includes dynamic temperature rise time sequences from the busbar compartment, cable compartment, and vacuum circuit breaker trolley contacts; partial discharge frequency-varying signals running through the compartments separated by metal partitions; and the cabinet's climate parameter sequence. These sequences are then reprocessed as follows: Background noise stripping and smoothing detrending operations are performed on the dynamic temperature rise time series to obtain the temperature rise fluctuation zero fundamental wave sequence. Frequency domain nonlinear spectral subtraction is introduced to purify the original partial discharge frequency-varying signal to obtain the partial discharge net difference sequence.
3. The intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception according to claim 2, characterized in that: When acquiring the zero-fundamental sequence of temperature rise fluctuations, a smoothing detrending algorithm combining adaptive sliding window and climate thermodynamic baseline compensation is adopted. Based on the original dynamic temperature rise time series sampled values, the sliding bandwidth radius of the smoothing detrending operation, the environmental interference heat offset function constructed based on the heat transfer law, and the synchronously sampled in-cabinet climate parameter sequence vector, the algorithm dynamically removes the low-frequency slowly drifting baseline and the additional coupled heat introduced by external climate parameters from the temperature rise data.
4. The intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comprehensive analysis unit constructs a comprehensive correlation mapping surface, including the following steps: Combining the heat transfer properties of the metal partitions in each chamber, and based on the equivalent thermal impedance coefficient determined by the material and surface emissivity of the metal partitions in each chamber, the real-time load current and reference current of the current transformer, the climate environment dissipation rate integrating real-time temperature and humidity, and the thermal conductivity and spatial Laplace thermal gradient of adjacent metal partitions, the dynamic nonlinear balance between the Joule heat generation of the electrical load and the conduction, convection and radiation network of the multi-chamber system is quantified, and the topological manifold of climate temperature and humidity - real-time load - multi-chamber spatial heat dissipation is constructed.
5. The intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception according to claim 3, characterized in that: Adaptive baseline drift compensation for the extracted distribution morphology features is based on an initial high-frequency distribution morphology feature set containing skewed and kurtosis elements, a nonlinear adjustment weight determined by the curvature of the mapping surface, and a dimensionless comprehensive correlation mapping surface partial derivative drift term on the time scale. The real-time derivative change rate of the heat dissipation manifold is used as a dynamic calibration anchor point for processing. The current hidden danger evolution level of each compartment current-carrying component is divided based on a piecewise mapping function from continuous probability to discrete threshold domain. The multidimensional generalization standard deviation of the compensated feature set and the material thermal fatigue trend decay factor resolved by the mapping surface are used for exponential weight superposition judgment.
6. The intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception according to claim 2, characterized in that: When obtaining the partial discharge net difference sequence, the frequency domain nonlinear spectral subtraction method is based on the time-spectrum amplitude mapping of the original partial discharge frequency-varying signal, the average power spectral density distribution of the background noise extracted within the no-partial discharge activity time window, and the adaptive over-subtraction coefficient controlled by the intensity of environmental electromagnetic interference. It uses the spectral energy difference mapping mechanism to remove the steady-state environmental interference component and retain the transient waveform characteristics.
7. The intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The instruction issuing unit tracks the phase clustering pattern of the pulse, including the following steps: In addition to the time and frequency domains, a phase analysis dimension is introduced, and a statistical phase angle distribution algorithm is used to reconstruct the time-varying signal. Based on the total number of partial discharge pulses captured within a unit power frequency cycle, the effective amplitude of the pulses in the partial discharge net error sequence and their corresponding instantaneous power frequency phase angles, as well as the width of the discrete Gaussian kernel distribution that characterizes the physical morphology of the defect, the degree of concentration of partial discharge pulses in the power frequency phase and the concentration of energy release are quantified.
8. The intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception according to claim 7, characterized in that: The instruction issuing unit performs multidimensional matrix coupling between the insulation defect evolution state and the hidden danger evolution level of each compartment's current-carrying component. Based on the intrinsic weight diagonal matrix determined by the insulation tolerance limit and thermodynamic margin of the equipment material, the extracted feature vector of the insulation defect evolution state, the hidden danger evolution level vector of each compartment's current-carrying component, and the synergistic acceleration coefficient characterizing the thermal-electric cross-coupling promotion effect, it performs multidimensional matrix tensor operations to quantify the nonlinear cross-influence between high-frequency partial discharge accumulation and heat dissipation decay.
9. The intelligent mid-range switchgear control system based on multi-source holographic perception according to claim 8, characterized in that: The instruction issuing unit issues control instructions based on the comprehensive health map, including the following control logic: A transient energy release assessment function is introduced to calculate the cumulative index of transient energy release risk within the current time window of the system; When the criterion is in the low-level security range, a routine warning is issued through the status display unit and the communication unit. When the degradation is determined to be close to the critical threshold, a derating operation or trip command is triggered, driving the circuit breaker trolley to perform mechanical isolation and disconnection, and locking the operation circuit in conjunction with the mechanical interlocking mechanism. When it is determined that there is a risk of release of internal arc short circuit precursor, the output timing control signal triggers the opening timing of the pressure relief channel at the top of the cabinet.
10. An intelligent mid-voltage switchgear based on multi-source holographic perception, characterized in that: It includes a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it runs the control system as described in any one of claims 1-9.