A strong and weak current control circuit and method

Abstract

The application discloses a strong and weak electric control circuit and method, and belongs to the technical field of power management of mobile robots. The circuit comprises a direct current power supply, an anti-reverse connection diode, a self-locking switch, a main control module, a relay, a voltage division feedback circuit and a load. The direct current power supply supplies power for the DCDC conversion module through the anti-reverse connection diode and the self-locking switch, and the DCDC conversion module supplies power for the main control module. The output end of the main control module controls the conduction and cut-off of the P_MOS tube through the NPN triode, and then controls the power-on or power-off of the relay coil, so that the common end of the relay is switched between the normally closed end and the normally open end, and the driving control of the strong electric load by the weak electric is realized. Meanwhile, the voltage division feedback circuit collects the positive electrode voltage of the load and feeds back to the main control module, and the main control module judges the working state of the load according to the input end level of the detection signal, and forms a closed loop detection. The application has a relatively simple structure, is favorable for reducing standby power consumption, and improves the reliability of load state detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power management technology for mobile robots, specifically to a power control circuit and method for both strong and weak currents. Background Technology

[0002] In mobile robot power management systems, there is often a need for separate control of high-voltage and low-voltage circuits. For power supply control of high-current loads, traditional methods often use DC-DC modules for direct voltage conversion and driving. However, in standby or idle states where the load is not in operation, the DC-DC module itself still generates some power consumption, making it difficult to achieve extremely low-power standby management. Meanwhile, some solutions use sensors to detect the load's operating status. Under complex operating conditions, these sensors may be affected by environmental interference, leading to false triggering or decreased detection accuracy, impacting the overall reliability of the system. Therefore, how to achieve low-power control of high-voltage circuits from low-voltage circuits in a structurally simple way, while improving the reliability of load status detection, is a direction that needs further improvement in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a strong and weak current control circuit and method, which has a relatively simple structure, helps to reduce standby power consumption, and improves the reliability of load status detection.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A high-voltage and low-voltage control circuit includes: a DC power supply, a reverse polarity protection diode, a self-locking switch, a DC-DC converter module, a main control module, an NPN transistor, a P-MOS transistor, a relay, a voltage divider feedback circuit, and a load. The positive terminal of the DC power supply is connected to the anode of the reverse polarity protection diode, and the negative terminal of the DC power supply is grounded. The cathode of the reverse polarity protection diode is connected to the input terminal of the self-locking switch and the common terminal of the relay, respectively. The output terminal of the self-locking switch is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC converter module and the source terminal of the P-MOS transistor. The output terminal of the DC-DC converter module is connected to the main control module. The output terminal of the main control module is connected to the NPN transistor. The receiving terminal of the main control module is connected to the load through the voltage divider feedback circuit. The gate of the P-MOS transistor is connected to the NPN transistor. The gate and drain of the P-MOS transistor are connected to the positive terminal of the relay coil, and the negative terminal of the relay coil is grounded.

[0005] Furthermore, two sets of reverse polarity protection diodes are provided, both of which are MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diodes. The output terminal of the DC power supply is connected to pins 1 and 3 of the two sets of MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diodes, and pin 2 of the two sets of MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diodes is connected to the input terminal of the self-locking switch.

[0006] Furthermore, a third resistor is connected between the source and gate of the P_MOS transistor, and a fourth resistor is connected to the gate of the P_MOS transistor. The fourth resistor is connected to the first capacitor, the second capacitor, and the collector of the NPN transistor. The second capacitor and the third capacitor are grounded.

[0007] Furthermore, the main control module is an STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller. Pin 2 of the STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller is connected to the output terminal of the DC-DC conversion module. Pin 4 of the STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller is grounded. Pin 6 of the STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller is connected to the load through the voltage divider feedback circuit. Pin 5 of the STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller is connected to a fifth resistor. The fifth resistor is connected to the third capacitor, the sixth resistor, and the base of the NPN transistor. The third capacitor, the sixth resistor, and the emitter of the NPN transistor are grounded.

[0008] Furthermore, the relay is an HFKP24VDC relay, pin 4 of the HFKP24VDC relay is connected to the drain of the P_MOS transistor, pin 3 of the HFKP24VDC relay is grounded, pin 2 of the HFKP24VDC relay is connected to pin 2 of the MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diode, pin 2 of the HFKP24VDC relay is connected to the positive terminal of the load, and the negative terminal of the load is grounded.

[0009] Furthermore, the voltage divider feedback circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor. Pin 6 of the STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller is connected to the first resistor and the second resistor. The first resistor is grounded, and the second resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the load.

[0010] The present invention also provides a strong and weak current control method, applied to the above-mentioned strong and weak current control circuit, comprising: Startup steps: The main control module outputs a high-level signal to drive the NPN transistor to conduct, pulling the gate of the P_MOS transistor low. With the P_MOS transistor conducting, the relay coil is energized, closing the common terminal and normally open terminal of the relay. DC power is then supplied to the load through the relay. Simultaneously, the voltage divider feedback circuit divides the voltage at the positive terminal of the load and outputs a high-level signal to the detection signal input of the main control module. The main control module determines that the load is in operation based on this high-level signal. Shutdown procedure: The main control module outputs a low-level signal, the NPN transistor is cut off, the gate of the P_MOS transistor is pulled up to a high level, the P_MOS transistor is cut off, the relay coil is de-energized, the common terminal of the relay is disconnected from the normally open terminal, and the load is de-energized and stops working; at the same time, the voltage divider feedback circuit outputs a low-level signal to the detection signal input terminal of the main control module, and the main control module determines that the load has stopped working based on the low-level signal.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a status feedback step: the host computer reads the load operating status information determined by the main control module based on the level of the detection signal input terminal, and displays the load operating status in real time.

[0012] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: Firstly, in terms of power management, a small-scale control approach is adopted. By using the main control module in conjunction with NPN transistors and P_MOS transistors to drive the relay coil, the standby power consumption when the high-current load is not in operation can be reduced, which is beneficial to extending the working time of the battery output.

[0013] Secondly, in detecting the load's operating status, unlike the traditional method of using sensors, a voltage divider feedback circuit is used to divide and collect the output voltage of the normally open terminal of the relay. The main control module captures the GPIO level signal to form a closed-loop detection, which helps to reduce the risk of misoperation caused by environmental interference and improve the reliability of detection.

[0014] Thirdly, the overall circuit structure is relatively simple. The weak current control side is formed by a self-locking switch, a DC-DC conversion module and a main control module, while the strong current execution side is formed by relays and P_MOS transistors, which realizes the separation control of strong and weak currents and improves the stability and safety of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the strong and weak current control circuit of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the strong and weak current control circuit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0017] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a strong and weak current control circuit, including: a DC power supply (24V battery), a reverse connection protection diode, a self-locking switch P1, a DC-DC conversion module, a main control module U1, an NPN transistor VT1 (MMBT5551), a P-MOS transistor N1 (IRF5210), a relay K1 (HFKP24VDC), a voltage divider feedback circuit, and a load P2.

[0018] The specific connection relationships are as follows: The positive terminal of the DC power supply is connected to the anode of the reverse polarity protection diode, and the negative terminal of the DC power supply is grounded. The cathode of the reverse polarity protection diode is connected to the input terminal of the self-locking switch P1 and the common terminal of the relay K1, respectively. The output terminal of the self-locking switch P1 is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC converter module and the source terminal of the P_MOS transistor N1. The output terminal of the DC-DC converter module is connected to the power supply terminal of the main control module U1, used to convert the DC power supply voltage into the operating voltage required by the main control module U1, and to power the main control module U1. The output terminal of the main control module U1 is connected to the NPN transistor VT1, and the receiving terminal of the main control module U1 is connected to the load P2 through a voltage divider feedback circuit to receive feedback signals. The gate of the P_MOS transistor N1 is connected to the NPN transistor VT1, the drain of the P_MOS transistor N1 is connected to the positive terminal of the coil of the relay K1, and the negative terminal of the coil of the relay K1 is grounded.

[0019] In one specific implementation, two sets of reverse polarity protection diodes are provided, both of which are MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diodes. The output terminal of the DC power supply is connected to pins 1 and 3 of the two sets of MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diodes as anodes, and pin 2 of the two sets of MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diodes as cathodes, which are connected to the input terminal of the self-locking switch P1 and the common terminal of the relay K1.

[0020] A third resistor R3 is connected between the source and gate of P_MOS transistor N1 as a pull-up resistor. A fourth resistor R4 is also connected to the gate of P_MOS transistor N1 as a current-limiting resistor. The other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the collector of NPN transistor VT1. The other ends of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are grounded for filtering.

[0021] In one specific implementation, the main control module U1 uses an STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller. Pin 2 of this controller serves as the power supply terminal, connected to the output of the DC-DC converter module. After power-on, the DC-DC converter module outputs 3.3V to power the controller. Pin 4 of the controller is grounded. Pin 6 of the controller serves as the detection signal input terminal, connected to the load P2 via a voltage divider feedback circuit. Pin 5 of the controller serves as the control signal output terminal, connected to a fifth resistor R5 as a current-limiting resistor. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the third capacitor C3, the sixth resistor R6, and the base of the NPN transistor VT1. The third capacitor C3, the sixth resistor R6, and the emitter of the NPN transistor VT1 are all grounded. The sixth resistor R6 is a pull-down resistor, and the third capacitor C3 is a filter capacitor.

[0022] Relay K1 is an HFKP24VDC relay. Pin 4 of this relay is the positive terminal of the coil, connected to the drain of the P-MOSFET N1. Pin 3 of the relay is the negative terminal of the coil and is grounded. Pin 1 of the relay is the common terminal and is connected to the cathode of the reverse polarity protection diode (i.e., pin 2 of the MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diode). Pin 2 of the relay is a normally open terminal and is connected to the positive terminal of the load P2, while the negative terminal of load P2 is grounded.

[0023] The voltage divider feedback circuit includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. Pin 6 of the main control module U1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the second resistor R2. The other end of the first resistor R1 is grounded, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the positive terminal of the load P2, thereby dividing the voltage at the positive terminal of the load P2 and feeding it back to the main control module U1 for detection.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for controlling strong and weak current, which is based on the above-mentioned strong and weak current control circuit and includes an on step and an off step.

[0025] The specific steps for starting the process are as follows: First, press the self-locking switch P1. The voltage of the DC power supply (such as a 24V battery) is input to the DC-DC conversion module after passing through the reverse connection protection diode and the self-locking switch P1. The DC-DC conversion module works and outputs 3.3V voltage to power the main control module U1. The main control module U1 is then powered on and starts up.

[0026] The main control module U1 outputs a high-level signal from the control signal output terminal (pin 5), which pulls SIGNAL CTR1 high. This high-level signal, after being current-limited by the fifth resistor R5, drives the base of the NPN transistor VT1, turning on VT1. After VT1 turns on, its collector is pulled low, which in turn pulls the gate of the P_MOS transistor N1 low through the fourth resistor R4. At this time, P_MOS transistor N1 is turned on, and the source and drain are in a conducting state.

[0027] After P_MOS transistor N1 is turned on, the DC power supply voltage is applied to the positive terminal (pin 4) of the relay K1 coil through the self-locking switch P1 and the turned-on P_MOS transistor N1. The relay K1 coil is energized, the internal contacts are activated, and the common terminal (pin 1) switches from the normally closed terminal to the normally open terminal (pin 2), so that the normally open terminal is closed. The DC power supply supplies power to the load P2 through the relay K1, and the load P2 is energized and works.

[0028] Meanwhile, the voltage at the positive terminal of load P2 is fed to the voltage divider feedback circuit. After being divided by the second resistor R2 and the first resistor R1, a high-level signal is output to the detection signal input terminal (pin 6) of the main control module U1. The main control module U1 captures and reads this high-level signal from the GPIO port to determine that the high voltage has been turned on, and that load P2 is in working condition. The host computer can read this status information and display that load P2 is working.

[0029] The specific steps for closing the process are as follows: The main control module U1 outputs a low-level signal from the control signal output terminal (pin 5), which pulls SIGNAL CTR1 low. At this time, the base of the NPN transistor VT1 has no driving voltage, and the NPN transistor VT1 is cut off. After the NPN transistor VT1 is cut off, the gate of the P_MOS transistor N1 is pulled high through the third resistor R3 (pull-up resistor), and the P_MOS transistor N1 is cut off, with the source and drain in a cut-off state.

[0030] After P_MOS transistor N1 is turned off, the positive terminal (pin 4) of relay K1's coil is de-energized, the coil is not energized, the common terminal (pin 1) remains normally closed, and the normally open terminal (pin 2) is open, so it cannot supply power to the load P2, and the load P2 is de-energized and stops working.

[0031] At this time, there is no voltage at the positive terminal of load P2, and no voltage input to the input terminal of the voltage divider feedback circuit, resulting in a low-level signal being output to the detection signal input terminal (pin 6) of the main control module U1. The main control module U1 captures and reads this low-level signal from the GPIO port, thus determining that the high-voltage power is not on and that load P2 is in a stopped state. The host computer can read this status information and display that load P2 is not working.

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0033] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0034] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0035] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0036] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. It is hereby indicated that the above description is intended to help those skilled in the art understand this invention, but does not limit the scope of protection of this invention. Any equivalent substitutions, modifications, improvements, or simplifications of the above descriptions that do not depart from the essential content of this invention fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A strong and weak current control circuit, characterized in that, include: The system includes a DC power supply, a reverse polarity protection diode, a self-locking switch, a DC-DC converter module, a main control module, an NPN transistor, a P-MOS transistor, a relay, a voltage divider feedback circuit, and a load. The positive terminal of the DC power supply is connected to the anode of the reverse polarity protection diode, and the negative terminal of the DC power supply is grounded. The cathode of the reverse polarity protection diode is connected to the input terminal of the self-locking switch and the common terminal of the relay. The output terminal of the self-locking switch is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC converter module and the source terminal of the P-MOS transistor. The output terminal of the DC-DC converter module is connected to the main control module. The output terminal of the main control module is connected to the NPN transistor. The receiving terminal of the main control module is connected to the load through the voltage divider feedback circuit. The gate of the P-MOS transistor is connected to the NPN transistor. The gate and drain of the P-MOS transistor are connected to the positive terminal of the relay coil, and the negative terminal of the relay coil is grounded.

2. The strong and weak current control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse polarity protection diodes are provided in two sets, both of which are MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diodes. The output terminal of the DC power supply is connected to pins 1 and 3 of the two sets of MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diodes, and pin 2 of the two sets of MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diodes is connected to the input terminal of the self-locking switch.

3. The strong and weak current control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, A third resistor is connected between the source and gate of the P_MOS transistor, and a fourth resistor is connected to the gate of the P_MOS transistor. The fourth resistor is connected to the first capacitor, the second capacitor, and the collector of the NPN transistor. The second capacitor and the third capacitor are grounded.

4. The strong and weak current control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main control module is an STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller. Pin 2 of the STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller is connected to the output terminal of the DC-DC conversion module. Pin 4 of the STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller is grounded. Pin 6 of the STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller is connected to the load through the voltage divider feedback circuit. Pin 5 of the STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller is connected to a fifth resistor. The fifth resistor is connected to the third capacitor, the sixth resistor, and the base of the NPN transistor. The third capacitor, the sixth resistor, and the emitter of the NPN transistor are grounded.

5. A strong and weak current control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The relay is an HFKP24VDC relay. Pin 4 of the HFKP24VDC relay is connected to the drain of the P_MOS transistor. Pin 3 of the HFKP24VDC relay is grounded. Pin 2 of the HFKP24VDC relay is connected to pin 2 of the MBR20100 reverse polarity protection diode. Pin 2 of the HFKP24VDC relay is connected to the positive terminal of the load, and the negative terminal of the load is grounded.

6. The strong and weak current control circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The voltage divider feedback circuit includes a first resistor and a second resistor. Pin 6 of the STC8G1K08 / DFN8 controller is connected to the first resistor and the second resistor. The first resistor is grounded, and the second resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the load.

7. A method for controlling strong and weak currents, applied to a strong and weak current control circuit as described in claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: Startup steps: The main control module outputs a high-level signal to drive the NPN transistor to conduct, pulling the gate of the P_MOS transistor low. With the P_MOS transistor conducting, the relay coil is energized, closing the common terminal and normally open terminal of the relay. DC power is then supplied to the load through the relay. Simultaneously, the voltage divider feedback circuit divides the voltage at the positive terminal of the load and outputs a high-level signal to the detection signal input of the main control module. The main control module determines that the load is in operation based on this high-level signal. Shutdown procedure: The main control module outputs a low-level signal, the NPN transistor is cut off, the gate of the P_MOS transistor is pulled up to a high level, the P_MOS transistor is cut off, the relay coil is de-energized, the common terminal of the relay is disconnected from the normally open terminal, and the load is de-energized and stops working; at the same time, the voltage divider feedback circuit outputs a low-level signal to the detection signal input terminal of the main control module, and the main control module determines that the load has stopped working based on the low-level signal.

8. The strong and weak current control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a status feedback step: the host computer reads the load working status information determined by the main control module based on the level of the detection signal input terminal, and displays the working status of the load in real time.

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