A light-pursuing integrated photovoltaic device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, especially to a light-pursuing integrated photovoltaic device, comprising a supporting column and a connecting base arranged at the top end of the supporting column, a bottom plate is rotatably arranged at the top end of the connecting base, and a photovoltaic panel is arranged on the upper end surface of the bottom plate. The present application integrates the protection and cleaning assembly and the light-pursuing assembly on the same supporting structure, triggers the light-pursuing action and the protection plate state switching through the light detection sensor, so that the device automatically completes the cooperative operation of the protection and cleaning functions while accurately pursuing light; the dislocation movement of the protection plate itself is used as a cleaning power source, the cleaning is completed through the cooperation of the cleaning scraping strip and the water outlet hole in a step-by-step automatic cleaning mode, the cleaning process does not need manual intervention and additional energy consumption, and the operation and maintenance cost and labor intensity are reduced; through the gear synchronous transmission mechanism of the auxiliary cleaning part, the movement of the protection plate is synchronously converted into the rotary cleaning action of the cleaning brush, and the cleaning maintenance of the cleaning scraping strip is automatically completed at each protection state switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular relates to an integrated photovoltaic device for tracking light. Background Technology

[0002] Integrated solar tracking photovoltaic (PV) devices are integrated PV power generation equipment that combines an automatic solar tracking system, PV power generation units, support structures, and intelligent control modules. The core of the system is to adjust the orientation of the PV modules in real time so that they are always aligned with the sunlight as vertically as possible, which greatly improves the efficiency of sunlight utilization. Compared with traditional fixed PV systems, the power generation gain is significant. Compared with ordinary systems that consist of "PV modules + on-site assembled tracking brackets", the core difference is that the entire system is pre-integrated, factory-commissioned, and ready to use on-site.

[0003] Existing integrated photovoltaic tracking systems have the following problems in practical use: 1. Dust and ash easily accumulate on the surface of photovoltaic panels: Photovoltaic panels are exposed to the outdoor environment for a long time. Impurities such as wind and sand and dust will adhere to the surface of the photovoltaic panels, forming a shading layer, reducing the transmittance of sunlight, and thus affecting the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. Existing devices lack effective automatic cleaning methods and often require manual cleaning at regular intervals, which increases the operation and maintenance costs and labor intensity.

[0004] 2. Photovoltaic panels lack effective protective structures: At night or in severe weather conditions, the surface of photovoltaic panels is directly exposed to the outside world and is easily damaged by external factors such as hail and sandstorms. In addition, dew or frost easily condenses on the surface of photovoltaic panels during the night when there is no sunlight. When the sun shines the next day, these deposits will further attract dust and form stubborn stains.

[0005] 3. Difficulty in cleaning the cleaning components themselves: Although some existing technologies are equipped with cleaning components such as cleaning squeegees, the cleaning squeegees themselves will accumulate a lot of dust and impurities after repeated use. If they are not cleaned in time, they will cause secondary pollution to the photovoltaic panels during subsequent cleaning processes. Cleaning the cleaning squeegees usually requires manual disassembly and maintenance, which is cumbersome.

[0006] Therefore, we propose a photovoltaic device that integrates light tracking. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide an integrated photovoltaic device for tracking light.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes an integrated photovoltaic tracking device, comprising a support column and a connecting base disposed at its top. A base plate is rotatably disposed at the top of the connecting base, and a photovoltaic panel is disposed on the upper surface of the base plate. A protective cleaning component is disposed on one side of the photovoltaic panel. The protective cleaning component includes a protective drive misalignment component, a cleaning assembly, and auxiliary cleaning components. The protective drive misalignment component is located on one side of the photovoltaic panel and connected to the base plate. The cleaning assembly and auxiliary cleaning components are disposed on the protective drive misalignment component. The protective drive misalignment component is used to protect the photovoltaic panel and is movable, misaligning with the photovoltaic panel; the cleaning assembly is used to clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel; the auxiliary cleaning component is used to clean the cleaning assembly; and a light-tracking component is provided on the support column.

[0009] Preferably, the protective drive misalignment component includes a guide plate connected to both sides of the base plate and a protective plate disposed on one side of the photovoltaic panel. One end of the guide plate extends to one side of the base plate. The guide plate is a hollow plate. Two first synchronous wheels are rotatably disposed on the inner side of the guide plate. A first synchronous belt is connected between the two first synchronous wheels. A protrusion is disposed on the first synchronous belt. A trapezoidal groove is opened at the top of the inner side of the guide plate. A trapezoidal block is slidably disposed on the inner side of the trapezoidal groove. A rod is disposed on the lower end face of the trapezoidal block. A moving block is disposed below the trapezoidal block. One end of the rod is inserted into the top of the moving block, and the top of the moving block has an insertion hole that matches the size of the rod.

[0010] Preferably, a vertical groove is formed on the side wall of the movable block opposite to the first synchronous wheel, and one end of the protrusion is inserted into the inner side of the vertical groove. A synchronous motor is provided on the side wall of the two guide plates opposite to each other. The output end of the synchronous motor is connected to a first synchronous wheel on the inner side of one of the guide plates. A through opening is formed on one side wall of the guide plate. A first connecting block is provided on one side wall of the movable block. The first connecting block slides in the through opening. A first connecting plate is fixedly provided on one end of the first connecting block. One end of the first connecting plate is connected to the protective plate. Second connecting plates are provided on both sides of the first connecting plate connected to the protective plate. The second connecting plates are connected to the protective plate.

[0011] Preferably, two guide grooves are formed on one side wall of the guide plate. The guide groove has a three-segment cross-section, with the first segment parallel to the protective plate, the second end inclined downward, and the third segment parallel to the protective plate. The three segments of the guide groove are connected in sequence. One end of each of the two second connecting plates on one side wall of the protective plate slides on the two guide grooves on one side wall of the guide plate via a round rod. The two guide grooves are located on both sides of the opening and are staggered. Three cleaning scrapers are provided on one side of the lower end face of the protective plate, with a gap maintained between the three cleaning scrapers.

[0012] Preferably, the cleaning assembly includes two water tanks disposed on one side of the upper surface of the protective plate and two sets of water outlets opened on the upper surface of the protective plate. Each set of water outlets is provided with multiple outlets. The two sets of water outlets correspond to the positions of the two water tanks, and the two sets of water outlets are located between two adjacent cleaning scrapers. Inside the water tanks, fixed horizontal plates are fixedly disposed on both sides of the inner side of the water tanks. A top rod is inserted into the fixed horizontal plate. One end of the top rod passes through the protective plate and extends to the bottom of the protective plate, and the other end of the top rod passes through the fixed horizontal plate.

[0013] Preferably, a second connecting block is fixedly installed on the top rod, the second connecting block abuts against the bottom of the inner side of the water storage tank, and a return spring is sleeved on the top rod, the two ends of the return spring abutting against the second connecting block and the fixed horizontal plate respectively.

[0014] Preferably, a connecting horizontal plate is provided between the two second connecting blocks, and multiple sealing blocks are fixedly provided on the lower end face of the connecting horizontal plate. Multiple through holes are opened at the bottom inner side of the water storage tank, and multiple sealing blocks are inserted into the multiple through holes. The through holes on the two water storage tanks correspond to the positions of the two sets of water outlet holes respectively. A top plate is provided on the upper end face of the guide plate, and the two top plates are located on both sides of the photovoltaic panel. The cross-section of the top plate is an isosceles trapezoid.

[0015] Preferably, the auxiliary cleaning component includes a roller shaft located between two guide plates, with first gears fixedly disposed at both ends of the roller shaft. The two first gears are rotatably connected to the two guide plates respectively, and a second gear is rotatably disposed on one side of the first gear, the second gear meshing with the first gear on one side of the first gear.

[0016] Preferably, a driven rod is provided on one side of the roller shaft, a cleaning brush is fixedly provided on the driven rod, and second synchronous pulleys are provided at both ends of the driven rod. A third synchronous pulley is fixedly provided on the side wall opposite to the guide plate of the second gear. The positions of the two second synchronous pulleys and the two third synchronous pulleys correspond to each other, and the two synchronous pulleys that correspond to each other are connected by a second synchronous belt.

[0017] Preferably, the light-tracking component includes a drive motor disposed at the top of the support column and multiple light detection sensors disposed on one side of the support column. The output end of the drive motor is connected to the connecting base. The multiple light detection sensors are disposed on the upper surface of the protective plate. Two limiting rings are fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the support column. A collar is sleeved on the outer wall of the support column, and the collar is located between the two limiting rings. A telescopic device is rotatably connected between the connecting base and the base plate. The light detection sensors are connected to the drive motor and the telescopic device via electrical signals.

[0018] The integrated photovoltaic tracking device proposed in this invention can bring the following beneficial effects: Through the three-section structure design of the guide groove in the protective drive misalignment component, combined with the transmission of the synchronous motor, the first synchronous pulley, the first synchronous belt and the moving block, the protective plate can smoothly switch between the protective state covering the photovoltaic panel and the light-receiving state moved to one side. In the protective state, the protective plate covers the photovoltaic panel, effectively blocking external impacts such as hail and sandstorms, while preventing dew and frost from directly contacting the surface of the photovoltaic panel at night. In the light-receiving state, the upper surface of the protective plate is at the same level as the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel, avoiding shading of the photovoltaic panel and ensuring that the light-receiving area is not affected. The inclined transition section design of the guide groove allows the protective plate to rise and fall smoothly during the switching process, avoiding rigid collisions with the photovoltaic panel. Through the coordination of three cleaning blades in the cleaning unit with the water tank and water outlet, three processes—dry pre-cleaning, wet main cleaning, and secondary fine cleaning—are completed sequentially during a single movement of the protective plate, forming a graded and progressive cleaning process. The valve control mechanism, consisting of the top rod, top plate, return spring, sealing block, and connecting cross plate, triggers water discharge only when the protective plate passes the top plate, achieving precise and quantitative release of cleaning water and avoiding water waste. The cleaning process is synchronized with the staggered movement of the protective plate, requiring no additional power source or independent control program; its structure is simple and its operation is highly efficient. By employing a coordinated design involving the rollers, first gear, second gear, third synchronous wheel, second synchronous wheel, and cleaning brush in the auxiliary cleaning component, the linear movement of the protective plate is converted into the rotational motion of the cleaning brush. This allows for automatic brushing and cleaning of the cleaning squeegee each time the protective plate switches states. This design effectively solves the problem of secondary contamination caused by dust accumulation on the cleaning squeegee after multiple uses, extends its effective lifespan, and reduces the frequency of manual maintenance and operating costs. Through the coordinated operation of the light detection sensor, drive motor and telescopic device, the photovoltaic panel achieves dual-axis tracking in the horizontal and vertical directions, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel always faces the sun and effectively improving the light reception efficiency; the limiting ring and collar structure on the support column limits and guides the rotating parts, ensuring a smooth and reliable light tracking process and reducing mechanical vibration and wear. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0020] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial sectional view of the support column of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the connection between the support column and the photovoltaic panel of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the protective cleaning component of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view at point D; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the guide plate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the guide plate and an exploded view of the moving block and the first synchronous belt of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the movable block of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 11 This is a first-view cross-sectional view of the protective plate and water storage tank of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 13 This is a second perspective view of the cross-sectional view of the protective plate and water storage tank of the present invention; Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 13 Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0021] In the picture: 1. Support column; 2. Connecting base; 3. Base plate; 4. Photovoltaic panel; 5. Protective cleaning component; 51. Protective drive misalignment component; 511. Guide plate; 512. Protective plate; 513. First synchronous pulley; 514. First synchronous belt; 515. Protrusion; 516. Trapezoidal groove; 517. Trapezoidal block; 518. Moving block; 519. Insert rod; 5110. Vertical groove; 5111. Through port; 5112. Second connecting plate; 5113. First connecting block; 5114. First connecting plate; 5115. Cleaning scraper; 5116. Synchronous motor; 5117. Guide groove; 52. Cleaning assembly; 521. Water tank; 522. Fixed horizontal plate; 523. Top rod; 524. Second connecting block; 525. Return spring; 526. Connecting horizontal plate; 527. Sealing block; 528. Water outlet; 529. Top plate; 53. Auxiliary cleaning components; 531. Roller shaft; 532. First gear; 533. Second gear; 534. Third synchronous pulley; 535. Cleaning brush; 536. Second synchronous pulley; 6. Light detection sensor; 7. Drive motor; 8. Limit ring; 9. Collar; 10. Telescopic device. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, a detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0023] like Figures 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes an integrated photovoltaic device for tracking light, including a support column 1 and a connecting base 2 disposed at its top. A base plate 3 is rotatably disposed at the top of the connecting base 2. A photovoltaic panel 4 is disposed on the upper surface of the base plate 3. A protective cleaning component 5 is disposed on one side of the photovoltaic panel 4. The protective cleaning component 5 includes a protective drive misalignment component 51, a cleaning group 52, and an auxiliary cleaning component 53. The protective drive misalignment component 51 is located on one side of the photovoltaic panel 4 and is connected to the base plate 3. The cleaning group 52 and the auxiliary cleaning component 53 are disposed on the protective drive misalignment component 51. The protective drive misalignment component 51 is used to protect the photovoltaic panel 4 and is movable, misaligned with the photovoltaic panel 4; the cleaning assembly 52 is used to clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4; the auxiliary cleaning component 53 is used to clean the cleaning assembly 52; a light tracking component is installed on the support column 1.

[0024] like Figures 4-9 As shown, the protective drive misalignment component 51 includes a guide plate 511 connected to the two side walls of the base plate 3 and a protective plate 512 disposed on one side of the photovoltaic panel 4. One end of the guide plate 511 extends to one side of the base plate 3. The guide plate 511 is a hollow plate. Two first synchronous wheels 513 are rotatably disposed inside the guide plate 511. A first synchronous belt 514 is connected between the two first synchronous wheels 513. A protrusion 515 is disposed on the first synchronous belt 514. A trapezoidal groove 516 is opened at the top of the inner side of the guide plate 511. A trapezoidal block 517 is slidably disposed inside the trapezoidal groove 516. A rod 519 is disposed on the lower end face of the trapezoidal block 517. A moving block 518 is disposed below the trapezoidal block 517. One end of the rod 519 is inserted into the top of the moving block 518, and the top of the moving block 518 is provided with a hole that matches the size of the rod 519.

[0025] A vertical groove 5110 is provided on the side wall of the movable block 518 opposite to the first synchronous wheel 513. One end of the protrusion 515 is inserted into the inner side of the vertical groove 5110. A synchronous motor 5116 is provided on the side wall of the two guide plates 511 opposite to each other. The output end of the synchronous motor 5116 is connected to a first synchronous wheel 513 on the inner side of one of the guide plates 511. A through-hole 5111 is provided on one side wall of the guide plate 511. A first connecting block 5113 is provided on one side wall of the movable block 518. The first connecting block 5113 slides in the through-hole 5111. A first connecting plate 5114 is fixedly provided on one end of the first connecting block 5113. One end of the first connecting plate 5114 is connected to the protective plate 512. Second connecting plates 5112 are provided on both sides of the first connecting plate 5114 connected to the protective plate 512. The second connecting plates 5112 are connected to the protective plate 512.

[0026] Two guide grooves 5117 are provided on one side wall of the guide plate 511. The cross-section of the guide groove 5117 is three-segmented. The first segment is parallel to the protective plate 512, the second end is inclined downward, and the third segment is parallel to the protective plate 512. The three segments of the guide groove 5117 are connected in sequence. One end of the two second connecting plates 5112 on one side wall of the protective plate 512 slides on the two guide grooves 5117 on one side wall of the guide plate 511 via round rods. The two guide grooves 5117 are located on both sides of the opening 5111 and are staggered. Three cleaning scrapers 5115 are provided on one side of the lower end face of the protective plate 512, and a gap is maintained between the three cleaning scrapers 5115.

[0027] In use, the protective plate 512 has two working positions: covering the photovoltaic panel 4 to form protection, or moving to one side of the photovoltaic panel 4 to provide light-receiving space; the state switching is driven by the synchronous motor 5116, and the power is transmitted to the moving block 518 through the first synchronous pulley 513 and the first synchronous belt 514. The moving block 518 pulls the protective plate 512 to move through the first connecting block 5113 and the first connecting plate 5114; the round rods on both sides of the protective plate 512 slide in the guide groove 5117, and the three-section structure of the guide groove 5117 makes the protective plate The movement trajectory of 512 is in the form of "translation-sinking-translation again"; when the protective plate 512 moves from above the photovoltaic panel 4 to one side, it first moves horizontally outward, then sinks through the inclined section, and finally stops horizontally next to the photovoltaic panel 4, with its upper end face flush with the upper end face of the photovoltaic panel 4; when moving in the opposite direction, the protective plate 512 first rises, and then moves back to above the photovoltaic panel 4 to complete the coverage; the cooperation between the trapezoidal block 517 and the trapezoidal groove 516, and the insertion of the rod 519 and the moving block 518, together constrain the movement posture of the moving block 518 to prevent deviation and jamming.

[0028] Through the three-section structure design of the guide groove 5117 in the protective drive misalignment component 51, and in conjunction with the transmission of the synchronous motor 5116, the first synchronous pulley 513, the first synchronous belt 514, and the moving block 518, the protective plate 512 can smoothly switch between the protective state covering the photovoltaic panel 4 and the light-receiving state moved to one side. In the protective state, the protective plate 512 covers the photovoltaic panel 4, effectively blocking external impacts such as hail and sandstorms, while preventing dew and frost from directly contacting the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 at night. In the light-receiving state, the upper surface of the protective plate 512 is at the same level as the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel 4, avoiding shading of the photovoltaic panel 4 and ensuring that the light-receiving area is not affected. The inclined transition section design of the guide groove 5117 allows the protective plate 512 to rise and fall smoothly during the switching process, avoiding rigid collisions with the photovoltaic panel 4.

[0029] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13and Figure 14 As shown, the cleaning unit 52 includes two water tanks 521 disposed on one side of the upper end face of the protective plate 512 and two sets of water outlets 528 opened on the upper end face of the protective plate 512. Each set of water outlets 528 is provided with multiple outlets. The two sets of water outlets 528 correspond to the positions of the two water tanks 521, and the two sets of water outlets 528 are located between two adjacent cleaning scrapers 5115. Inside the water tanks 521, fixed horizontal plates 522 are fixedly disposed on both sides of the inner side of the water tanks 521. A top rod 523 is inserted into the fixed horizontal plate 522. One end of the top rod 523 passes through the protective plate 512 and extends to the bottom of the protective plate 512, and the other end of the top rod 523 passes through the fixed horizontal plate 522.

[0030] A second connecting block 524 is fixedly installed on the top rod 523. The second connecting block 524 presses against the bottom of the inner side of the water storage tank 521. A return spring 525 is sleeved on the top rod 523. The two ends of the return spring 525 press against the second connecting block 524 and the fixed cross plate 522 respectively.

[0031] A connecting horizontal plate 526 is provided between the two second connecting blocks 524. Multiple sealing blocks 527 are fixedly provided on the lower end face of the connecting horizontal plate 526. Multiple through holes are opened on the bottom inner side of the water storage tank 521. Multiple sealing blocks 527 are inserted into the multiple through holes on the inner side of the water storage tank 521. The through holes on the two water storage tanks 521 correspond to the positions of the two sets of water outlet holes 528 respectively. A top plate 529 is provided on the upper end face of the guide plate 511. The two top plates 529 are located on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 4. The cross-section of the top plate 529 is an isosceles trapezoid.

[0032] During use, as the protective plate 512 moves, the cleaning scraper 5115 on its lower end face sweeps across the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4, completing physical cleaning. Simultaneously, the opening and closing of the water storage tank 521 is controlled by the mechanical contact between the top rod 523 and the top plate 529: the top plate 529 is fixed to the upper end face of the guide plate 511 and located on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 4; when the top rod 523 moves with the protective plate 512 above the top plate 529, the top plate 529 lifts the top rod 523, causing the second connecting block 524 and the connecting horizontal plate 526 to move upwards, the return spring 525 is compressed and stores energy, the sealing block 527 disengages from the through hole, and the water storage tank... Water in 521 flows to the surface of photovoltaic panel 4 through through hole and water outlet 528; after the top rod 523 leaves the top plate 529, the return spring 525 releases energy, the sealing block 527 resets and seals the through hole, and the water flow is cut off; three cleaning scrapers 5115 are arranged in sequence according to the direction of movement, and the water outlet 528 is located between adjacent cleaning scrapers 5115; the first cleaning scraper 5115 performs dry scraping to remove floating dust; then the water outlet 528 wets the surface, and the second cleaning scraper 5115 performs wet cleaning; the last cleaning scraper 5115 performs secondary scraping to remove residual water stains, forming a progressive cleaning effect.

[0033] Through the cooperation of the three cleaning scrapers 5115 in the cleaning unit 52 with the water storage tank 521 and the water outlet 528, three processes—dry pre-cleaning, wet main cleaning, and secondary fine cleaning—are completed sequentially during a single movement of the protective plate 512, forming a graded and progressive cleaning process. The valve control mechanism, consisting of the top rod 523, top plate 529, return spring 525, sealing block 527, and connecting cross plate 526, triggers water discharge only when the protective plate 512 passes the top plate 529, achieving precise and quantitative release of cleaning water and avoiding water waste. The cleaning process is synchronized with the staggered movement of the protective plate 512, requiring no additional power source or independent control program, resulting in a simple structure and efficient operation.

[0034] like Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, the auxiliary cleaning component 53 includes a roller 531 located between two guide plates 511. Two first gears 532 are fixedly provided at both ends of the roller 531. The two first gears 532 are rotatably connected to the two guide plates 511 respectively. A second gear 533 is rotatably provided on one side of the first gear 532, and the second gear 533 meshes with the first gear 532 on one side of it.

[0035] A driven rod is provided on one side of the roller 531, and a cleaning brush 535 is fixedly provided on the driven rod. Second synchronous pulleys 536 are provided at both ends of the driven rod. A third synchronous pulley 534 is fixedly provided on the side wall opposite to the guide plate 511 of the second gear 533. The positions of the two second synchronous pulleys 536 and the two third synchronous pulleys 534 correspond to each other, and the two synchronous pulleys that correspond to each other are connected by a second synchronous belt.

[0036] When in use, as the protective plate 512 is removed from above the photovoltaic panel 4, its movement is converted into the rotational motion of the cleaning brush 535 through the roller shaft 531. Specifically, the protective plate 512 drives the roller shaft 531 and the first gear 532 at both ends to rotate. The first gear 532 meshes with the second gear 533, and the second gear 533 drives the second synchronous wheel 536 and the driven rod to rotate via the third synchronous wheel 534 and the second synchronous belt. The cleaning brush 535 rotates accordingly, brushing the cleaning scraper 5115 that has left above the photovoltaic panel 4 to remove the dirt adhering to its surface, thus realizing the self-maintenance of the cleaning scraper 5115.

[0037] Through the coordinated design of the roller shaft 531, first gear 532, second gear 533, third synchronous wheel 534, second synchronous wheel 536, and cleaning brush 535 in the auxiliary cleaning component 53, the linear movement of the protective plate 512 is converted into the rotational motion of the cleaning brush 535, automatically cleaning the cleaning scraper 5115 each time the protective plate 512 switches states. This design effectively solves the problem of secondary pollution caused by dust accumulation on the cleaning scraper 5115 after multiple uses, extends the effective service life of the cleaning scraper 5115, and reduces the frequency of manual maintenance and operating costs.

[0038] The light tracking component includes a drive motor 7 installed at the top of the support column 1 and multiple light detection sensors 6 installed on one side of the support column 1. The output end of the drive motor 7 is connected to the connecting base 2. The multiple light detection sensors 6 are installed on the upper surface of the protective plate 512. Two limiting rings 8 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support column 1. A collar 9 is sleeved on the outer wall of the support column 1, and the collar 9 is located between the two limiting rings 8. A telescopic device 10 is rotatably connected between the connecting base 2 and the base plate 3. The light detection sensors 6 are connected to the drive motor 7 and the telescopic device 10 via electrical signals.

[0039] Multiple light detection sensors 6 are installed on the upper surface of the protective plate 512 to detect the direction and intensity of sunlight in real time. When the light detection sensors 6 detect a change in the sun's position, they control the drive motor 7 and the telescopic device 10 to work together via an electrical signal. The drive motor 7 is located inside the top of the support column 1, and its output end is connected to the connecting base 2, driving the connecting base 2 and the base plate 3 to rotate horizontally. The telescopic device 10 is rotatably connected between the connecting base 2 and the base plate 3, adjusting the pitch angle of the base plate 3 by telescoping. Through the combined drive of the drive motor 7 and the telescopic device 10, the photovoltaic panel 4 can be adjusted in the left-right and up-down directions to ensure that the photovoltaic panel 4 always faces the sun, achieving precise light tracking. Two limiting rings 8 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support column 1, and a collar 9 is fitted on the outer wall of the support column 1 and located between the two limiting rings 8, which limit and stabilize the rotation of the connecting base 2.

[0040] Through the coordinated operation of the light detection sensor 6, the drive motor 7, and the telescopic device 10, the photovoltaic panel 4 achieves dual-axis tracking in both the horizontal and vertical directions, ensuring that the photovoltaic panel 4 always faces the sun and effectively improving the light reception efficiency. The limiting ring 8 and collar 9 structure on the support column 1 limit and guide the rotating parts, ensuring a smooth and reliable light-tracking process and reducing mechanical vibration and wear.

[0041] Working principle: Multiple light detection sensors 6 are installed on the upper surface of the protective plate 512 to detect the direction and intensity of sunlight in real time. When the light detection sensors 6 detect a change in the sun's position, they control the drive motor 7 and the telescopic device 10 to work together via electrical signals. The drive motor 7 is installed inside the top of the support column 1, and its output end is connected to the connecting base 2, driving the connecting base 2 and the base plate 3 to rotate horizontally as a whole. The telescopic device 10 is rotatably connected between the connecting base 2 and the base plate 3, adjusting the pitch angle of the base plate 3 by telescoping. Through the combined drive of the drive motor 7 and the telescopic device 10, the photovoltaic panel 4 can be adjusted in the left-right and up-down directions to ensure that the photovoltaic panel 4 always faces the sun, achieving precise light tracking. Two limiting rings 8 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support column 1, and a collar 9 is sleeved on the outer wall of the support column 1 and located between the two limiting rings 8, which limit and stabilize the rotation of the connecting base 2. The protective plate 512 has two working positions: covering the photovoltaic panel 4 to form protection, or moving to one side of the photovoltaic panel 4 to provide light-receiving space; the state switching is driven by the synchronous motor 5116, and the power is transmitted to the moving block 518 through the first synchronous pulley 513 and the first synchronous belt 514. The moving block 518 pulls the protective plate 512 to move through the first connecting block 5113 and the first connecting plate 5114; the round rods on both sides of the protective plate 512 slide in the guide groove 5117. The three-section structure of the guide groove 5117 makes the protective plate 512 slide in the guide groove 5117. The movement trajectory of 2 is in the form of "translation-sinking-translation again"; when the protective plate 512 moves from above the photovoltaic panel 4 to one side, it first moves horizontally outward, then sinks through the inclined section, and finally stops horizontally next to the photovoltaic panel 4, with its upper end face flush with the upper end face of the photovoltaic panel 4; when moving in the opposite direction, the protective plate 512 first rises, and then moves back to above the photovoltaic panel 4 to complete the coverage; the cooperation between the trapezoidal block 517 and the trapezoidal groove 516, and the insertion of the rod 519 and the moving block 518, together constrain the movement posture of the moving block 518 to prevent deviation and jamming; During the movement of the protective plate 512, the cleaning scraper 5115 on its lower end face sweeps across the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4, completing physical cleaning. At the same time, the opening and closing of the water storage tank 521 is controlled by the mechanical contact between the top rod 523 and the top plate 529: the top plate 529 is fixed to the upper end face of the guide plate 511 and is located on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 4; when the top rod 523 moves with the protective plate 512 to above the top plate 529, the top plate 529 lifts the top rod 523, and the top rod 523 drives the second connecting block 524 and the connecting horizontal plate 526 to move upward. The return spring 525 is compressed and stores energy, the sealing block 527 disengages from the through hole, and the water in the water storage tank 521 flows to the surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 through the through hole and the water outlet 528; after the top rod 523 leaves the top plate 529, the return spring 525 releases energy, the sealing block 527 resets and seals the through hole, and the water flow is cut off. Three cleaning squeegees 5115 are arranged sequentially in the direction of movement, with water outlets 528 located between adjacent cleaning squeegees 5115. The first cleaning squeegee 5115 performs dry squeegeeing to remove floating dust; then the water outlets 528 wet the surface, and the second cleaning squeegee 5115 performs wet cleaning; the last cleaning squeegee 5115 performs a second squeegeeing to remove residual water stains, forming a progressive cleaning effect. When the protective plate 512 is removed from above the photovoltaic panel 4, its movement is converted into the rotational motion of the cleaning brush 535 through the roller shaft 531. Specifically, the protective plate 512 drives the roller shaft 531 and the first gear 532 at both ends to rotate. The first gear 532 meshes with the second gear 533, and the second gear 533 drives the second synchronous wheel 536 and the driven rod to rotate through the third synchronous wheel 534 and the second synchronous belt. The cleaning brush 535 rotates accordingly and brushes the cleaning scraper 5115 that has left above the photovoltaic panel 4 to remove the dirt adhering to its surface, thereby realizing the self-maintenance of the cleaning scraper 5115.

[0042] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0043] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic device integrating light tracking, characterized in that, It includes a support column (1) and a connecting base (2) set at its top. A base plate (3) is rotatably set at the top of the connecting base (2). A photovoltaic panel (4) is set on the upper surface of the base plate (3). A protective cleaning component (5) is set on one side of the photovoltaic panel (4). The protective cleaning component (5) includes a protective drive misalignment component (51), a cleaning group (52) and an auxiliary cleaning component (53). The protective drive misalignment component (51) is located on one side of the photovoltaic panel (4) and is connected to the base plate (3). The cleaning group (52) and the auxiliary cleaning component (53) are set on the protective drive misalignment component (51). The protective drive misalignment component (51) is used to protect the photovoltaic panel (4) and is movable and misaligned with the photovoltaic panel (4); the cleaning group (52) is used to clean the surface of the photovoltaic panel (4); the auxiliary cleaning component (53) is used to clean the cleaning group (52); the support column (1) is provided with a light tracking component.

2. The integrated photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective drive misalignment component (51) includes a guide plate (511) connected to both sides of the base plate (3) and a protective plate (512) disposed on one side of the photovoltaic panel (4). One end of the guide plate (511) extends to one side of the base plate (3). The guide plate (511) is a hollow plate. Two first synchronous pulleys (513) are rotatably disposed on the inner side of the guide plate (511). A first synchronous belt (514) is connected between the two first synchronous pulleys (513). The first synchronous belt (514) is provided with... A protrusion (515) is provided. A trapezoidal groove (516) is provided at the top of the inner side of the guide plate (511). A trapezoidal block (517) is slidably provided inside the trapezoidal groove (516). A rod (519) is provided on the lower end face of the trapezoidal block (517). A moving block (518) is provided below the trapezoidal block (517). One end of the rod (519) is inserted into the top of the moving block (518), and the top of the moving block (518) has a hole that matches the size of the rod (519).

3. The integrated photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable block (518) has a vertical groove (5110) on the side wall opposite to the first synchronous wheel (513). One end of the protrusion (515) is inserted into the inside of the vertical groove (5110). A synchronous motor (5116) is provided on the side wall opposite to the two guide plates (511). The output end of the synchronous motor (5116) is connected to a first synchronous wheel (513) inside the guide plate (511) on one side. A through opening (5111) is provided on one side wall of the guide plate (511). The movable block (518) has a vertical groove (5110) on the side wall opposite to the first synchronous wheel (513). 18) is provided with a first connecting block (5113) on one side wall. The first connecting block (5113) slides in the opening (5111). A first connecting plate (5114) is fixedly provided at one end of the first connecting block (5113). One end of the first connecting plate (5114) is connected to the protective plate (512). A second connecting plate (5112) is provided on both sides of the first connecting plate (5114) connected to the protective plate (512). The second connecting plate (5112) is connected to the protective plate (512).

4. The integrated photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Two guide grooves (5117) are provided on one side wall of the guide plate (511). The guide groove (5117) has a three-segment cross-section. The first segment is parallel to the protective plate (512), the second end is inclined downward, and the third segment is parallel to the protective plate (512). The three segments of the guide groove (5117) are connected in sequence. One end of the two second connecting plates (5112) on one side wall of the protective plate (512) slides on the two guide grooves (5117) on one side wall of the guide plate (511) through round rods. The two guide grooves (5117) are located on both sides of the opening (5111) and are staggered. Three cleaning scrapers (5115) are provided on one side of the lower end face of the protective plate (512). A gap is maintained between the three cleaning scrapers (5115).

5. The integrated photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cleaning unit (52) includes two water tanks (521) set on one side of the upper end face of the protective plate (512) and two sets of water outlets (528) opened on the upper end face of the protective plate (512). Each set of water outlets (528) is provided with multiple outlets. The two sets of water outlets (528) correspond to the positions of the two water tanks (521) and the two sets of water outlets (528) are located between two adjacent cleaning scrapers (5115). Inside the water tank (521), fixed horizontal plates (522) are fixedly installed on both sides of the inside of the water tank (521). A top rod (523) is inserted on the fixed horizontal plate (522). One end of the top rod (523) passes through the protective plate (512) and extends to the bottom of the protective plate (512). The other end of the top rod (523) passes through the fixed horizontal plate (522).

6. The integrated photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A second connecting block (524) is fixedly installed on the top rod (523). The second connecting block (524) presses against the bottom of the inner side of the water storage tank (521). A return spring (525) is sleeved on the top rod (523). The two ends of the return spring (525) press against the second connecting block (524) and the fixed cross plate (522) respectively.

7. The integrated photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A connecting horizontal plate (526) is provided between the two second connecting blocks (524). Multiple sealing blocks (527) are fixedly provided on the lower end face of the connecting horizontal plate (526). Multiple through holes are opened on the bottom inner side of the water storage tank (521). Multiple sealing blocks (527) are inserted into the multiple through holes on the inner side of the water storage tank (521). The through holes on the two water storage tanks (521) correspond to the positions of the two sets of water outlet holes (528). A top plate (529) is provided on the upper end face of the guide plate (511). The two top plates (529) are located on both sides of the photovoltaic panel (4). The cross-section of the top plate (529) is an isosceles trapezoid.

8. The integrated photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The auxiliary cleaning component (53) includes a roller (531) located between two guide plates (511). The roller (531) has a first gear (532) fixedly installed at both ends. The two first gears (532) are rotatably connected to the two guide plates (511) respectively. A second gear (533) is rotatably installed on one side of the first gear (532), and the second gear (533) meshes with the first gear (532) on one side.

9. A photovoltaic device integrating light tracking according to claim 7, characterized in that, A driven rod is provided on one side of the roller shaft (531), and a cleaning brush (535) is fixedly provided on the driven rod. Second synchronous pulleys (536) are provided at both ends of the driven rod. A third synchronous pulley (534) is fixedly provided on the side wall opposite to the guide plate (511) of the second gear (533). The positions of the two second synchronous pulleys (536) and the two third synchronous pulleys (534) correspond to each other, and the two synchronous pulleys that correspond to each other are connected by a second synchronous belt.

10. A photovoltaic device integrating light tracking according to claim 2, characterized in that, The light tracking component includes a drive motor (7) installed at the top of the support column (1) and multiple light detection sensors (6) installed on one side of the support column (1). The output end of the drive motor (7) is connected to the connecting base (2). The multiple light detection sensors (6) are installed on the upper surface of the protective plate (512). Two limiting rings (8) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the support column (1). A collar (9) is sleeved on the outer wall of the support column (1). The collar (9) is located between the two limiting rings (8). A telescopic device (10) is rotatably connected between the connecting base (2) and the base plate (3). The light detection sensors (6) are connected to the drive motor (7) and the telescopic device (10) by electrical signals.

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