An input signal processing system with high power start and low power hold

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high-power starting and low-power keeping switching's open signal processing system, it is related to signal processing technical field, its technical scheme main points include RC delay unit, starting control unit, controlled switch unit, power absorption unit, filter and threshold setting unit and signal isolation unit;Open inquiry voltage negative terminal DI respectively connect the output end of the RC delay unit, the emitter of controlled switch unit, the reference end of starting control unit, the reference end of filter and threshold setting unit and the reference end of signal isolation unit;The filter and threshold setting unit are used to filter and set the action threshold value for open inquiry voltage noise reduction;The signal isolation unit is used to realize the electrical isolation and signal transmission of high-voltage side and low-voltage side, improves the stability and accuracy of open signal acquisition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of signal processing technology, and more specifically, to an open-ended signal processing system that switches between high-power startup and low-power hold. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial control and power system secondary circuit switching signal acquisition scenarios, traditional input signal processing systems generally suffer from a contradiction between insufficient anti-interference capability and high long-term power consumption. Conventional input circuits typically operate using fixed resistor current limiting. To ensure the ability to identify weak valid signals, their action threshold is set low, making them susceptible to malfunctions triggered by electromagnetic interference, line coupling interference, and other noise signals in the field environment, affecting system stability. Increasing the current-limiting resistor value to raise the action threshold reduces the loop current, resulting in insufficient optocoupler driving capability and similarly causing signal recognition failure.

[0003] While some high-power input circuits enhance interference immunity by increasing loop current, sustained high power consumption leads to prolonged heat generation, increasing energy costs and potentially reducing device lifespan or even posing safety hazards. This makes it difficult to balance reliability and low power consumption requirements. Furthermore, traditional circuits often lack delay control and graded power switching mechanisms, failing to establish a high-power threshold to filter interference during initial signal input and unable to reduce power consumption after signal stabilization, making them unsuitable for complex industrial applications.

[0004] Conventional circuits suffer from inadequate isolation design between high-voltage and low-voltage sides, making them susceptible to interference from high-voltage circuits. Furthermore, they lack specific reverse voltage and overcurrent protection, making them prone to device damage from wiring errors or transient interference. Therefore, existing input signal processing technologies suffer from problems such as difficulty in balancing anti-interference capability and power consumption, inadequate protection mechanisms, and poor adaptability, failing to meet the high reliability, low power consumption, and high security requirements of power system secondary circuits and industrial control for switch signal acquisition. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an input signal processing system that switches between high-power startup and low-power hold.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An input signal processing system for switching between high-power startup and low-power hold includes an RC delay unit, a startup control unit, a controlled switch unit, a power absorption unit, a filtering and threshold setting unit, and a signal isolation unit. The positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage is connected to the input terminal of the RC delay unit, one end of the power absorption unit, and the input terminal of the filtering and threshold setting unit, respectively. The negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage is connected to the output terminal of the RC delay unit, the emitter of the controlled switch unit, the reference terminal of the start control unit, the reference terminal of the filtering and threshold setting unit, and the reference terminal of the signal isolation unit, respectively. The RC delay unit is used to set the conduction duration of the controlled switch unit; the start control unit is used to limit the base current of the controlled switch unit; when the controlled switch unit is turned on, the power absorption unit is connected to the circuit to achieve instantaneous high-power start-up, and when it is turned off, the power absorption unit is disconnected to achieve low-power maintenance; the filtering and threshold setting unit is used to filter and reduce noise and set the action threshold for the input query voltage; the signal isolation unit is used to achieve electrical isolation and signal transmission between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side.

[0007] Preferably, the RC delay unit includes a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1; One end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1 and the input terminal of the start control unit. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage.

[0008] Preferably, the start-up control unit includes a current-limiting resistor R2 and a reverse protection diode D1; One end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal of the RC delay unit, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the base b of the controlled switch unit Q1 and the anode of the diode D1. The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage.

[0009] Preferably, the controlled switch unit is an NPN transistor Q1, with its base b connected to the output terminal of the start control unit, its collector c connected to one end of the power absorption unit, and its emitter e connected to the negative terminal of the input query voltage DI-.

[0010] Preferably, the controlled switching unit is a PNP transistor, and the circuit topology of the RC delay unit is adjusted accordingly to match the conduction conditions of the PNP transistor.

[0011] Preferably, the power absorption unit is a power resistor R3, one end of which is connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage, and the other end of which is connected to the collector c of the controlled switch unit Q1.

[0012] Preferably, the filtering and threshold setting unit includes a resistor R4, a capacitor C2, and a Zener diode Z1; One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2 and the anode of the Zener diode Z1. The other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage, and the cathode of the Zener diode Z1 is connected to the input terminal of the signal isolation unit.

[0013] Preferably, the signal isolation unit is an optocoupler O1, the first pin of the optocoupler O1 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode Z1, the second pin of the optocoupler O1 is connected to DI-, the third pin of the optocoupler O1 is connected to the power supply VCC through the pull-up resistor R5, and the fourth pin of the optocoupler O1 is grounded to GND.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes a reverse protection diode D2, the anode of which is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode Z1, and the cathode of which is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage.

[0015] Preferably, the instantaneous start-up power adjustment range is 1W-10W; the power consumption in the low power hold state is less than 0.5W; and the conduction duration adjustment range of the controlled switch unit Q1 is 10ms-1000ms.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The parallel connection of multiple units at the positive and negative terminals of the input query voltage in this invention enables delay control, power switching, and signal processing. Each unit operates independently, ensuring the integrity and stability of the signal path. The RC delay unit controls the conduction duration of the controlled switch unit through the charging and discharging process of capacitors and resistors, achieving a smooth transition between high-power startup and low-power hold. This ensures high anti-interference capability during startup while avoiding heat generation and energy consumption issues caused by long-term high-power operation. The startup control unit provides stable base current and reverse voltage protection to the controlled switch unit through current-limiting resistors and reverse protection diodes, preventing transistor damage due to overcurrent or reverse breakdown and improving circuit reliability and lifespan. The controlled switch unit controls the connection and disconnection of the power absorption unit through on / off control, achieving instantaneous high-power startup and low-power hold. During startup, the power absorption unit consumes 1W to 10W of power, establishing a high action threshold, effectively filtering weak interference signals, and avoiding malfunctions; power consumption is controlled below 0.5W, significantly reducing long-term energy consumption and heat generation. The filtering and threshold setting unit uses an RC low-pass filter network and a Zener diode to filter and reduce noise and set the action threshold for the input query voltage, effectively suppressing high-frequency interference signals and ensuring the accuracy and stability of signal recognition. The signal isolation unit uses optocouplers to achieve electrical isolation between the high-voltage and low-voltage sides, preventing interference and overvoltage damage to the low-voltage circuit from the high-voltage circuit, while ensuring reliable signal transmission. A reverse protection diode enhances the circuit's resistance to reverse connection and overvoltage, enabling the system to operate safely and stably under abnormal conditions. Balancing high anti-interference, low power consumption, high reliability, and strong safety, it can adapt to complex industrial control and power system secondary circuit environments, effectively improving the stability and accuracy of input signal acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an input signal processing system for switching between high-power startup and low-power hold, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 As shown.

[0022] The embodiments further illustrate the input signal processing system for switching between high-power startup and low-power hold proposed in this invention.

[0023] An input signal processing system for switching between high-power startup and low-power hold includes an RC delay unit, a startup control unit, a controlled switch unit, a power absorption unit, a filtering and threshold setting unit, and a signal isolation unit. The positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage is connected to the input terminal of the RC delay unit, one end of the power absorption unit, and the input terminal of the filtering and threshold setting unit, respectively. The negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage is connected to the output terminal of the RC delay unit, the emitter of the controlled switch unit, the reference terminal of the start control unit, the reference terminal of the filtering and threshold setting unit, and the reference terminal of the signal isolation unit, respectively. The RC delay unit is used to set the conduction time of the controlled switch unit; the start control unit is used to limit the base current of the controlled switch unit; when the controlled switch unit is turned on, the power absorption unit is connected to the circuit to achieve instantaneous high-power start-up, and when it is turned off, the power absorption unit is disconnected to achieve low-power maintenance; the filtering and threshold setting unit is used to filter and reduce noise on the input query voltage and set the action threshold; the signal isolation unit is used to achieve electrical isolation and signal transmission between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side.

[0024] The RC delay unit includes a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1; One end of capacitor C1 is connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage, and the other end of capacitor C1 is connected to one end of resistor R1 and the input terminal of the start control unit. The other end of resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage.

[0025] When the positive terminal DI+ and the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage are connected to an effective voltage, capacitor C1 begins to charge. Initially, the voltage across capacitor C1 is zero. At this time, the potential of one end of capacitor C1 connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage is equal to the potential of the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage. The potential of the other end of capacitor C1 is also pulled up, and this high potential is sent to the input terminal of the start control unit.

[0026] Upon receiving a high potential, the start-up control unit provides the necessary current to the base of the controlled switch unit, enabling it to conduct. At this point, the controlled switch unit connects the power absorption unit to the input query voltage loop, and the circuit enters a high-power startup phase. This establishes reliable signal identification conditions with higher power, resisting the influence of external interference signals. Over time, capacitor C1 discharges through resistor R1 to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage, gradually decreasing the potential at the other end of capacitor C1. The delay duration of the RC delay unit is determined by the capacitance of capacitor C1 and the resistance of resistor R1. By adjusting these parameters, the delay duration can be set between 10 milliseconds and 1000 milliseconds. When capacitor C1 discharges until the potential at its other end is lower than the conduction threshold of the controlled switch unit, the base current provided by the start-up control unit is insufficient to maintain the conduction state of the controlled switch unit. The controlled switch unit turns off, disconnecting the power absorption unit from the input query voltage loop. The circuit switches to a low-power hold state, retaining only the low-power loop required for signal recognition. Overall power consumption is controlled below 0.5 watts, satisfying the requirement for long-term stable signal recognition while avoiding the energy consumption and heat generation issues caused by continuous high-power operation. The RC delay unit controls the conduction duration of the controlled switch unit through the charging and discharging process of capacitor C1, ensuring a smooth switch between the high-power start-up phase and the low-power hold phase. This provides the input signal processing system with a working mode that combines anti-interference capability and low power consumption.

[0027] The start-up control unit includes a current-limiting resistor R2 and a reverse protection diode D1; One end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal of the RC delay unit, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the base b of the controlled switch unit Q1 and the anode of the diode D1. The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage.

[0028] When the RC delay unit outputs a valid high potential, the potential signal is sent to the current-limiting resistor R2. The current-limiting resistor R2 limits the current flowing to the base b of the controlled switch unit Q1, preventing the base of the controlled switch unit Q1 from being damaged by excessive current. At the same time, it ensures that the base current of the controlled switch unit Q1 is stable within a safe and effective operating range, so that the controlled switch unit Q1 can reliably enter the conduction state.

[0029] The anode potential of the reverse protection diode D1 is consistent with the base potential of the controlled switching unit Q1, while the cathode potential of diode D1 is the same as the potential of the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage. At this time, diode D1 is in a reverse bias state and will not affect the normal base current path. When the output potential of the RC delay unit decreases, or when reverse voltage interference occurs in the input query voltage circuit, the base potential of the controlled switching unit Q1 decreases accordingly. When the base potential is lower than the potential of the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage, the reverse protection diode D1 changes from reverse bias to forward conduction. At this time, the negative voltage of the base of the controlled switching unit Q1 is discharged to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage through the conducting diode D1, avoiding reverse breakdown damage to the emitter junction of the controlled switching unit Q1 caused by the negative voltage. The current-limiting resistor R2 and the reverse protection diode D1 work together to provide a stable and controllable base current for the conduction of the controlled switching unit Q1, and to provide reverse voltage protection for the controlled switching unit Q1 under abnormal operating conditions. This ensures the working stability and safety of the controlled switching unit Q1 during the switching process between the high-power start-up stage and the low-power holding stage, and provides control and protection for the reliable operation of the entire input signal processing system.

[0030] The controlled switch unit is an NPN transistor Q1, whose base b is connected to the output terminal of the start control unit, its collector c is connected to one end of the power absorption unit, and its emitter e is connected to the negative terminal of the input query voltage DI-.

[0031] During the initial input query voltage connection, the start-up control unit outputs a positive drive current to the base (b) of transistor Q1, making the base potential of transistor Q1 higher than the emitter potential, thus forming a positive bias voltage. Transistor Q1 enters a saturated conduction state. At this time, a low-resistance conduction state exists between the collector (c) and emitter (e) of transistor Q1. The power absorption unit connected to the collector (c) forms a complete circuit through the conducting transistor Q1 and the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage. The voltage at the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage flows directly to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage through the power absorption unit and transistor Q1. The power absorption unit is connected to the circuit, enabling the system to enter a high-power startup phase, relying on a larger operating current to improve the anti-interference capability of signal recognition.

[0032] As the RC delay unit's delay process progresses, the base drive current output by the start-up control unit gradually decreases. When the base current of transistor Q1 is insufficient to maintain saturation conduction, the resistance between the collector (c) and emitter (e) of transistor Q1 rapidly increases, and transistor Q1 enters the cutoff state. At this time, the path between the power absorption unit and the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage is cut off, the power absorption unit is no longer connected to the circuit, and the input signal processing system switches to a low-power hold state. Only the filtering and threshold setting unit and the signal isolation unit maintain the low-power loop required for signal recognition, significantly reducing the long-term operating power consumption of the system. The conduction and cutoff process of transistor Q1 determines the connection and disconnection of the power absorption unit, achieving a smooth switch between high-power start-up and low-power hold. At the same time, the collector current of transistor Q1 is controlled by the base current, which can stably carry the operating current of the power absorption unit, ensuring reliable operation during the high-power start-up phase and avoiding the continuous high power consumption problem caused by the connection of the power absorption unit. This provides a key switching control function that balances anti-interference capability and low power consumption characteristics.

[0033] The controlled switching unit is a PNP transistor, and the circuit topology of the RC delay unit is adjusted accordingly to match the conduction conditions of the PNP transistor.

[0034] The conduction characteristics of a PNP transistor are opposite to those of an NPN transistor. Its emitter junction requires a reverse bias voltage; that is, the transistor enters the conduction state when the emitter potential is higher than the base potential. To meet this requirement, the circuit connection of the RC delay unit needs to be adapted. The original capacitor and resistor connections are reversed so that when the input query voltage is initially applied, the RC delay unit provides a low-potential signal to the base of the PNP transistor. At this time, the emitter potential is higher than the base potential, the emitter junction is forward biased, and the transistor enters the saturation conduction state. The power absorption unit is then connected to the circuit, and the system enters the high-power startup phase.

[0035] As the capacitor charges through the adjusted resistor, the base potential gradually rises. When the difference between the base and emitter potentials is insufficient to maintain the forward bias of the emitter junction, the transistor enters the cutoff state, the power absorption unit is disconnected, and the system switches to a low-power hold state. The adjusted RC delay unit can control the conduction time of the PNP transistor through the charging and discharging process of the capacitor, achieving the same high-power start-up and low-power hold switching function as the NPN solution, while maintaining the system's anti-interference capability and low power consumption characteristics, providing a flexible solution for input query voltage loops with different polarity requirements.

[0036] The power absorption unit is a power resistor R3. One end of the power resistor R3 is connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage, and the other end of the power resistor R3 is connected to the collector c of the controlled switch unit Q1.

[0037] When the input query voltage is initially applied, the controlled switch unit Q1 enters the saturated conduction state, and a low-resistance path is formed between its collector and emitter. At this time, one end of the power resistor R3 is connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage, and the other end is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage through the conducting controlled switch unit Q1, forming a complete current loop.

[0038] The current from the input query voltage flows through the power resistor R3 to the controlled switch unit Q1. As the main load in the circuit, the power resistor R3 will consume most of the electrical energy, causing the circuit to enter a high-power operating state at this stage. The power consumption is adjusted according to actual needs to establish a sufficiently high action threshold to resist the influence of external interference signals and avoid system malfunction.

[0039] As the delay process of the RC delay unit ends, the controlled switch unit Q1 enters the off state, the path between its collector and emitter is cut off, the loop of power resistor R3 cannot be formed, and it no longer consumes power. The system switches to a low-power hold-up state, where only the filtering and threshold setting unit and the signal isolation unit maintain the low-power loop required for signal recognition. The resistance value and power parameters of power resistor R3 are matched and designed according to the magnitude of the input query voltage and the required instantaneous start-up power. By adjusting its resistance value, the magnitude of the loop current can be changed, thereby adjusting the power consumption during the high-power start-up phase. This ensures that the input query loop at different voltage levels can provide sufficient anti-interference capability, and it automatically exits operation after the delay ends, avoiding the energy consumption and heat generation problems caused by long-term high-power operation. This provides a power load function that balances anti-interference capability and low-power characteristics.

[0040] The filtering and threshold setting unit includes a resistor R4, a capacitor C2, and a Zener diode Z1; One end of resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to one end of capacitor C2 and the anode of Zener diode Z1. The other end of capacitor C2 is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage, and the cathode of Zener diode Z1 is connected to the input terminal of the signal isolation unit.

[0041] The input query voltage signal is fed into resistor R4. Resistor R4 and capacitor C2 form an RC low-pass filter network to filter out high-frequency interference in the signal. When there is a momentary fluctuation or high-frequency noise in the voltage between the positive terminal DI+ and the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage, capacitor C2 will quickly absorb the voltage spike, making the voltage change at the other end of resistor R4 more gradual, preventing the noise from being directly transmitted to the subsequent circuit and causing signal misinterpretation.

[0042] Zener diode Z1 is connected in reverse parallel between the connection point of resistor R4 and capacitor C2 and the input terminal of the signal isolation unit. When the amplitude of the input query voltage is lower than the reverse breakdown voltage of Zener diode Z1, Zener diode Z1 is in the cutoff state, the input terminal of the signal isolation unit cannot obtain sufficient current, and the system judges it as an invalid signal.

[0043] When the amplitude of the input query voltage reaches or exceeds the reverse breakdown voltage of Zener diode Z1, Zener diode Z1 enters the reverse breakdown state. At this time, current can flow through Zener diode Z1 to the input terminal of the signal isolation unit, driving the signal isolation unit to operate, and the system determines it as a valid signal. The breakdown voltage value of Zener diode Z1 determines the operating threshold of the input signal. By selecting Zener diodes Z1 with different Zener voltage values, different operating voltages can be set to adapt to different levels of input query circuits. Throughout the entire operation, resistor R4 not only participates in filtering but also limits the current flowing into Zener diode Z1 and the signal isolation unit, preventing excessive current from damaging the devices. Simultaneously, it works with capacitor C2 to stabilize the signal voltage, ensuring that the signal isolation unit receives a stable and filtered valid signal. This provides reliable signal recognition conditions for the system, avoids malfunctions caused by interference signals, and ensures that valid signals can be accurately identified and transmitted to subsequent circuits.

[0044] The signal isolation unit is an optocoupler O1. The first pin of optocoupler O1 is connected to the cathode of Zener diode Z1, the second pin of optocoupler O1 is connected to DI-, the third pin of optocoupler O1 is connected to power supply VCC through pull-up resistor R5, and the fourth pin of optocoupler O1 is grounded to GND.

[0045] When the input query voltage does not reach the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode Z1, the Zener diode Z1 is in the cutoff state, no current flows between pin 1 and pin 2 of the optocoupler O1, the internal LED of the optocoupler O1 does not emit light, and the internal phototransistor is in the cutoff state.

[0046] At this time, pin 3 of optocoupler O1 is pulled up to the voltage value of power supply VCC under the action of pull-up resistor R5, thus outputting a high-level signal, indicating that the input signal is invalid. When the input query voltage reaches or exceeds the breakdown voltage of Zener diode Z1, Zener diode Z1 enters reverse breakdown state, and current flows out from the cathode of Zener diode Z1, into pin 1 of optocoupler O1, and then flows back to DI- from pin 2, illuminating the LED inside optocoupler O1. The light emitted by the LED illuminates the internal phototransistor, causing the phototransistor to enter the conducting state. At this time, pin 3 of optocoupler O1 is connected to ground GND of pin 4 through the conducting phototransistor, and the potential is pulled down to near ground level, outputting a low-level signal, indicating that the input signal is valid.

[0047] Optocoupler O1 achieves electrical isolation between the high-voltage side of the input query circuit and the low-voltage side of the subsequent circuit through optical signals, avoiding interference and overvoltage damage to the control circuit on the low-voltage side of the high-voltage circuit. At the same time, pull-up resistor R5 provides a stable high-level reference for the output terminal of optocoupler O1, ensuring that the output signal level is stable and reliable when the phototransistor is cut off, preventing signal erroneous flipping, and ensuring that the input signal can be safely and accurately transmitted to the subsequent control circuit.

[0048] It also includes a reverse protection diode D2, the anode of which is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode Z1, and the cathode of which is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage.

[0049] Under normal operating conditions, when the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage is higher than the negative terminal DI-, the Zener diode Z1 is in reverse bias or breakdown state. The cathode potential of the Zener diode Z1 is higher than the potential of the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage. At this time, the anode potential of the reverse protection diode D2 is higher than the cathode potential, and the reverse protection diode D2 is in reverse bias state and will not conduct. This has no impact on the normal signal path, and the Zener diode Z1 and optocoupler O1 can work normally to complete the identification and transmission of signals.

[0050] When a reverse voltage or momentary negative interference occurs in the input query voltage circuit, the potential of the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage is higher than the cathode potential of the Zener diode Z1. At this time, the cathode potential of the reverse protection diode D2 is higher than the anode potential, and the reverse protection diode D2 enters the forward conduction state. This clamps the potential of the cathode of the Zener diode Z1 to a potential close to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage, quickly dissipating the negative voltage and preventing the negative voltage from being directly applied to the input terminals of the Zener diode Z1 and the optocoupler O1, thus preventing damage to the Zener diode Z1 and the optocoupler O1 due to reverse overvoltage. Simultaneously, the reverse protection diode D2 can limit the magnitude of the reverse current when the polarity of the input query voltage is reversed due to circuit wiring errors, preventing downstream devices from breaking down due to reverse voltage. This provides reliable reverse voltage protection for the entire signal processing unit, ensuring the safety and stability of the system under abnormal operating conditions.

[0051] The instantaneous start-up power is adjustable from 1W to 10W; the power consumption in the low-power hold state is less than 0.5W; and the on-time of the controlled switch unit Q1 is adjustable from 10ms to 1000ms.

[0052] The adjustable range of instantaneous start-up power is 1W-10W. This parameter is mainly determined by the resistance value of the power absorption unit and the conduction state of the controlled switch unit. When the controlled switch unit is on, the power resistor is connected to the input query circuit. By adjusting the resistance value of the power resistor, the magnitude of the circuit current can be changed, thereby realizing continuous adjustment of the power during the start-up phase to adapt to application scenarios with different voltage levels and anti-interference requirements.

[0053] In low-power hold mode, the controlled switch unit is turned off, the power resistor is disconnected, and the system retains only the operating current of the filtering and threshold setting unit and the signal isolation unit. Overall power consumption is controlled to a minimum, effectively reducing energy consumption and heat generation during long-term operation. The adjustable conduction time of the controlled switch unit is 10ms-1000ms, determined by the capacitance and resistance parameters of the RC delay unit. By adjusting the capacitance and resistance values ​​of the RC delay unit, the charging and discharging time constant can be changed, thereby controlling the conduction time of the controlled switch unit. This ensures sufficient duration during the high-power startup phase to establish a stable operating threshold, while avoiding excessive power consumption and heat generation due to prolonged conduction time. This achieves a smooth switching between high-power startup and low-power hold, ensuring both the anti-interference capability and reliability of the input signal processing and meeting the requirements of low-power operation, satisfying the stringent requirements of industrial control and power system secondary circuits for switch quantity acquisition.

[0054] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0055] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An input signal processing system for switching between high-power startup and low-power hold, characterized in that, It includes an RC delay unit, a start control unit, a controlled switch unit, a power absorption unit, a filtering and threshold setting unit, and a signal isolation unit; The positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage is connected to the input terminal of the RC delay unit, one end of the power absorption unit, and the input terminal of the filtering and threshold setting unit, respectively. The negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage is connected to the output terminal of the RC delay unit, the emitter of the controlled switch unit, the reference terminal of the start control unit, the reference terminal of the filtering and threshold setting unit, and the reference terminal of the signal isolation unit, respectively. The RC delay unit is used to set the conduction duration of the controlled switch unit; the start control unit is used to limit the base current of the controlled switch unit; when the controlled switch unit is turned on, the power absorption unit is connected to the circuit to achieve instantaneous high-power start-up, and when it is turned off, the power absorption unit is disconnected to achieve low-power maintenance; the filtering and threshold setting unit is used to filter and reduce noise and set the action threshold for the input query voltage; the signal isolation unit is used to achieve electrical isolation and signal transmission between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side.

2. The input signal processing system for switching between high-power start-up and low-power hold-up according to claim 1, characterized in that, The RC delay unit includes a capacitor C1 and a resistor R1; One end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the resistor R1 and the input terminal of the start control unit. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage.

3. The input signal processing system for switching between high-power start-up and low-power hold-up according to claim 1, characterized in that, The start-up control unit includes a current-limiting resistor R2 and a reverse protection diode D1; One end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal of the RC delay unit, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the base b of the controlled switch unit Q1 and the anode of the diode D1. The cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage.

4. The input signal processing system for switching between high-power start-up and low-power hold-up according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controlled switch unit is an NPN transistor Q1, with its base b connected to the output terminal of the start control unit, its collector c connected to one end of the power absorption unit, and its emitter e connected to the negative terminal of the input query voltage DI-.

5. The input signal processing system for switching between high-power start-up and low-power hold-up according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controlled switching unit is a PNP transistor, and the circuit topology of the RC delay unit is adjusted accordingly to match the conduction conditions of the PNP transistor.

6. The input signal processing system for switching between high-power start-up and low-power hold-up according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power absorption unit is a power resistor R3. One end of the power resistor R3 is connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage, and the other end of the power resistor R3 is connected to the collector c of the controlled switch unit Q1.

7. The input signal processing system for switching between high-power start-up and low-power hold-up according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtering and threshold setting unit includes a resistor R4, a capacitor C2, and a Zener diode Z1. One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal DI+ of the input query voltage, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to one end of the capacitor C2 and the anode of the Zener diode Z1. The other end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage, and the cathode of the Zener diode Z1 is connected to the input terminal of the signal isolation unit.

8. The input signal processing system for switching between high-power start-up and low-power hold-up according to claim 7, characterized in that, The signal isolation unit is an optocoupler O1. The first pin of the optocoupler O1 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode Z1, the second pin of the optocoupler O1 is connected to DI-, the third pin of the optocoupler O1 is connected to the power supply VCC through the pull-up resistor R5, and the fourth pin of the optocoupler O1 is grounded to GND.

9. The input signal processing system for switching between high-power start-up and low-power hold-up according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a reverse protection diode D2, the anode of which is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode Z1, and the cathode of which is connected to the negative terminal DI- of the input query voltage.

10. The input signal processing system for switching between high-power start-up and low-power hold-up according to claim 1, characterized in that, The instantaneous start-up power adjustment range is 1W-10W; the power consumption in the low power hold state is less than 0.5W; the conduction duration adjustment range of the controlled switch unit Q1 is 10ms-1000ms.

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