A method and device for evaluating the transmit-receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna

Abstract

The application provides a multi-beam phased array antenna transmitting-receiving isolation evaluation method and device, the method comprising: analyzing the interference of a transmitting array surface to a receiving array surface in a multi-beam phased array antenna, and calculating the corresponding interference quantization result; calculating the minimum transmitting-receiving isolation required between the transmitting array surface and the receiving array surface based on the performance index requirement of the receiving array surface and the interference quantization result; performing targeted design on the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the minimum transmitting-receiving isolation, obtaining the multi-beam phased array antenna after targeted design; testing the multi-beam phased array antenna after targeted design, and evaluating the transmitting-receiving isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the test result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of phased array antenna technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus for evaluating the transmit-receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In the application of phased array antennas in the field of spaceborne low-Earth orbit communication satellites, it is often necessary to achieve multi-beam operation mode of Ku-band transmission and Ka-band reception simultaneously. The transmitting and receiving arrays need to operate independently and simultaneously, and the beamwidth, position and number must be consistent, which places extremely high demands on the isolation between transmission and reception.

[0003] Currently, when designing and evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of Ku / Ka band multi-beam phased array antennas for spaceborne low-Earth orbit communication satellites, interference suppression is often performed in one dimension.

[0004] However, existing methods for evaluating the transmit-receive isolation of multi-beam phased array antennas are limited by a single dimension, resulting in limited comprehensiveness and reduced accuracy of the evaluation results, thus hindering the improvement of the overall antenna performance. Furthermore, their adaptability to the complex operating environment and high-performance requirements of spaceborne multi-beam phased array antennas is generally limited, as is the signal independence and stability when the transmit and receive arrays operate simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a method and apparatus for evaluating the transmit-receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna. By performing a comprehensive quantitative analysis and calculation of out-of-band and in-band interference between the transmitting and receiving arrays of the multi-beam phased array antenna, a precise transmit-receive isolation of the multi-beam phased array antenna is obtained. Based on this transmit-receive isolation, targeted design and subsequent evaluation of the multi-beam phased array antenna's transmit-receive isolation are carried out, thereby ensuring no mutual interference when the transmitting and receiving arrays operate independently and simultaneously, and improving the overall performance of the antenna. At the same time, it achieves good adaptation to the complex operating environment and high-performance requirements of spaceborne multi-beam phased array antennas, ensuring signal independence and stability when the transmitting and receiving arrays operate simultaneously.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna, the method comprising: The interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in a multi-beam phased array antenna is analyzed, and the corresponding interference quantization results are calculated. The interference is divided into out-of-band interference and in-band interference. The interference quantization results are divided into out-of-band interference quantization results and in-band interference quantization results. The minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays is calculated based on the performance requirements of the receiving array and the interference quantization results. Based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation, the multi-beam phased array antenna is designed accordingly to obtain the designed multi-beam phased array antenna. The targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna was tested, and the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna was evaluated based on the test results.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the calculation of the corresponding interference quantization result includes: An antenna array model is established using electromagnetic simulation. Based on the antenna array model, the field strength of the first frequency band radiated by the transmitting antenna at the receiving antenna is obtained. Based on the first frequency band field strength, the leakage power of the transmitted signal leaking to the receiving antenna is calculated. The receiving antenna is a narrowband antenna, which has an inherent mismatch in the transmitting frequency band. The scattering parameters of the receiving antenna in the first frequency band are obtained by testing, and the mismatch loss of the receiving antenna in the second transmission frequency band is calculated based on the scattering parameters. The power of the out-of-band interference signal entering the receiving low-noise amplifier is calculated, and combined with the third-order output cutoff point of the receiving low-noise amplifier in the second frequency band, the change in the low-noise amplifier intermodulation level caused by the out-of-band interference is calculated using a preset intermodulation calculation formula; wherein, the change in the low-noise amplifier intermodulation level characterizes the degree of influence of out-of-band interference on the receiving performance.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the calculation of the corresponding interference quantization result includes: The radiated noise power spectral density and total channel power of the transmitting channel in the receiving second frequency band are tested using a spectrum analyzer, and the radiated noise power of the transmitting array in the receiving second frequency band is obtained based on the radiated noise power spectral density and the total channel power. The test obtained the third-order output cutoff point and gain of the low-noise amplifier in the first transmission band, and combined with the predetermined transmission signal power, the amplitude of the multi-order intermodulation components generated by the transmitted signal in the second reception band was calculated based on the preset multi-order intermodulation formula. The total in-band interference power received by the receiving array is obtained by superimposing and calculating the radiated noise power and the multi-order intermodulation components.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna includes: The receiving antenna element of the multi-beam phased array antenna is contracted to expose random gaps between the transmitting and receiving antennas. Copper foil is used to fill these random gaps. A dipole-type antenna element is then rotated and canceled out. All antenna elements employ a narrowband design, and the standing wave ratio (SWR) of the receiving antenna element in the first frequency band is within a preset SWR range. The contraction distance of the receiving antenna element, the random gaps, the copper foil thickness, the rotation cancellation angle, and the preset SWR range are all determined by the minimum transmit / receive isolation. A high-frequency filtering structure is added to the receiving radio frequency link of the receiving antenna unit, and a linearization circuit is added to the transmitting power amplification link of the transmitting antenna unit; wherein, the out-of-band suppression of the high-frequency filtering structure conforms to the preset out-of-band suppression range.

[0010] In one possible implementation, testing the specifically designed multi-beam phased array antenna and evaluating the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the test results includes: The targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna was simulated and tested, and its performance was verified. Based on the results of simulation verification, physical testing, and performance verification, the transmit-receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is evaluated.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the simulation verification and physical testing of the specifically designed multi-beam phased array antenna, and the performance verification of the multi-beam phased array antenna, include: An electromagnetic simulation model of the entire antenna is established, and the simulated transmit / receive isolation between the transmitting and receiving arrays is calculated based on the electromagnetic simulation model of the entire antenna. An antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform is built. Based on the antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform, a test signal of the first frequency band is input to the transmitting array. The interference signal power is obtained by testing the second frequency band through the receiving array. The corresponding actual transmit / receive isolation is calculated based on the interference signal power. The specially designed multi-beam phased array antenna was placed in a preset actual working environment for multi-beam simultaneous transmission and reception testing, and the performance indicators of the receiving array were detected.

[0012] In one possible implementation, evaluating the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the results of simulation verification, physical testing, and performance verification includes: Based on the aforementioned performance indicators, verify whether the receiving performance of the targeted multi-beam phased array antenna meets the performance indicator requirements. If both the simulated transmit / receive isolation and the actual transmit / receive isolation are greater than the minimum transmit / receive isolation, and the receiving performance meets the performance index requirements, then the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is deemed qualified.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a device for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna, the device comprising: The first calculation module is used to analyze the interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in a multi-beam phased array antenna, and to calculate the corresponding interference quantization results; wherein the interference is divided into out-of-band interference and in-band interference; and the interference quantization results are divided into out-of-band interference quantization results and in-band interference quantization results. The second calculation module is used to calculate the minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays based on the performance requirements of the receiving array and the interference quantization results. The acquisition module is used to perform targeted design on the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation, and obtain the targeted designed multi-beam phased array antenna. The evaluation module is used to test the targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna and evaluate the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the test results.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first computing module is specifically used for: An antenna array model is established using electromagnetic simulation. Based on the antenna array model, the field strength of the first frequency band radiated by the transmitting antenna at the receiving antenna is obtained. Based on the first frequency band field strength, the leakage power of the transmitted signal leaking to the receiving antenna is calculated. The receiving antenna is a narrowband antenna, which has an inherent mismatch in the transmitting frequency band. The scattering parameters of the receiving antenna in the first frequency band are obtained by testing, and the mismatch loss of the receiving antenna in the second transmission frequency band is calculated based on the scattering parameters. The power of the out-of-band interference signal entering the receiving low-noise amplifier is calculated, and combined with the third-order output cutoff point of the receiving low-noise amplifier in the second frequency band, the change in the low-noise amplifier intermodulation level caused by the out-of-band interference is calculated using a preset intermodulation calculation formula; wherein, the change in the low-noise amplifier intermodulation level characterizes the degree of influence of out-of-band interference on the receiving performance.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the first computing module is specifically used for: The radiated noise power spectral density and total channel power of the transmitting channel in the receiving second frequency band are tested using a spectrum analyzer, and the radiated noise power of the transmitting array in the receiving second frequency band is obtained based on the radiated noise power spectral density and the total channel power. The test obtained the third-order output cutoff point and gain of the low-noise amplifier in the first transmission band, and combined with the predetermined transmission signal power, the amplitude of the multi-order intermodulation components generated by the transmitted signal in the second reception band was calculated based on the preset multi-order intermodulation formula. The total in-band interference power received by the receiving array is obtained by superimposing and calculating the radiated noise power and the multi-order intermodulation components.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the acquisition module is specifically used for: The receiving antenna element of the multi-beam phased array antenna is contracted to expose random gaps between the transmitting and receiving antennas. Copper foil is used to fill these random gaps. A dipole-type antenna element is then rotated and canceled out. All antenna elements employ a narrowband design, and the standing wave ratio (SWR) of the receiving antenna element in the first frequency band is within a preset SWR range. The contraction distance of the receiving antenna element, the random gaps, the copper foil thickness, the rotation cancellation angle, and the preset SWR range are all determined by the minimum transmit / receive isolation. A high-frequency filtering structure is added to the receiving radio frequency link of the receiving antenna unit, and a linearization circuit is added to the transmitting power amplification link of the transmitting antenna unit; wherein, the out-of-band suppression of the high-frequency filtering structure conforms to the preset out-of-band suppression range.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the evaluation module is specifically used for: The targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna was simulated and tested, and its performance was verified. Based on the results of simulation verification, physical testing, and performance verification, the transmit-receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is evaluated.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the evaluation module is specifically used for: An electromagnetic simulation model of the entire antenna is established, and the simulated transmit / receive isolation between the transmitting and receiving arrays is calculated based on the electromagnetic simulation model of the entire antenna. An antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform is built. Based on the antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform, a test signal of the first frequency band is input to the transmitting array. The interference signal power is obtained by testing the second frequency band through the receiving array. The corresponding actual transmit / receive isolation is calculated based on the interference signal power. The specially designed multi-beam phased array antenna was placed in a preset actual working environment for multi-beam simultaneous transmission and reception testing, and the performance indicators of the receiving array were detected.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the evaluation module is specifically used for: Based on the aforementioned performance indicators, verify whether the receiving performance of the targeted multi-beam phased array antenna meets the performance indicator requirements. If both the simulated transmit / receive isolation and the actual transmit / receive isolation are greater than the minimum transmit / receive isolation, and the receiving performance meets the performance index requirements, then the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is deemed qualified.

[0020] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a processor, a storage medium, and a bus. The storage medium stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor. When the electronic device is running, the processor communicates with the storage medium via the bus, and the processor executes the machine-readable instructions to perform the steps of the multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0021] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0022] This application provides a method and apparatus for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna. It analyzes the interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in a multi-beam phased array antenna, calculates the corresponding interference quantization results, calculates the minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays based on the performance requirements of the receiving array and the interference quantization results, performs targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation, obtains the targeted-designed multi-beam phased array antenna, tests the targeted-designed multi-beam phased array antenna, and evaluates the transmit / receive isolation design based on the test results. This application, by performing a full-dimensional quantitative analysis and calculation of out-of-band and in-band interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array of a multi-beam phased array antenna, obtains a precise transmit / receive isolation of the multi-beam phased array antenna. Based on this transmit / receive isolation, targeted design and subsequent evaluation of the transmit / receive isolation of the multi-beam phased array antenna are performed, thereby ensuring that the transmitting and receiving arrays operate independently without mutual interference, and improving the overall performance of the antenna. At the same time, it achieves good adaptation to the complex working environment and high performance requirements of spaceborne multi-beam phased array antennas, ensuring signal independence and stability when the transceiver arrays are working simultaneously.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process for evaluating the transmit and receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the types of interference between the transmitter and receiver; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a structure with randomly filled gaps in the copper foil. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform setup; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations in the flowcharts may not be implemented in sequence, and steps without logical contextual relationships may be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of this application, may add one or more other operations to the flowcharts, or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts.

[0027] Furthermore, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0028] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of this application to indicate the presence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0029] Considering that phased array antennas are often used in the field of spaceborne low-Earth orbit communication satellites, it is often necessary to achieve multi-beam operation mode of Ku-band transmission and Ka-band reception at the same time. The transmitting and receiving arrays need to work independently and simultaneously, and the beamwidth, position and number must be kept consistent, which puts extremely high requirements on the isolation between transmission and reception.

[0030] Currently, when designing and evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of Ku / Ka band multi-beam phased array antennas for spaceborne low-Earth orbit communication satellites, interference suppression is often performed in one dimension.

[0031] However, existing methods for evaluating the transmit-receive isolation of multi-beam phased array antennas are limited by a single dimension, resulting in limited comprehensiveness and reduced accuracy of the evaluation results, thus hindering the improvement of the overall antenna performance. Furthermore, their adaptability to the complex operating environment and high-performance requirements of spaceborne multi-beam phased array antennas is generally limited, as is the signal independence and stability when the transmit and receive arrays operate simultaneously.

[0032] To address this issue, this application provides a method and apparatus for evaluating the transmit-receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna. By performing a comprehensive quantitative analysis and calculation of out-of-band and in-band interference between the transmitting and receiving arrays of the multi-beam phased array antenna, a precise transmit-receive isolation of the antenna is obtained. This isolation is then used for targeted design and subsequent evaluation, ensuring no mutual interference when the transmitting and receiving arrays operate independently, thus improving the overall antenna performance. Simultaneously, it achieves good adaptation to the complex operating environment and high-performance requirements of spaceborne multi-beam phased array antennas, guaranteeing signal independence and stability when the transmitting and receiving arrays operate simultaneously.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1As shown, the method for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna in this application embodiment may specifically include: S101. Analyze the interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in a multi-beam phased array antenna, and calculate the corresponding interference quantization results.

[0034] S102. Calculate the minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays based on the performance requirements of the receiving array and the interference quantization results.

[0035] S103. Based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation, a targeted design is carried out for the multi-beam phased array antenna to obtain the targeted design multi-beam phased array antenna.

[0036] S104. Test the targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna and evaluate the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the test results.

[0037] The aforementioned method for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna involves a comprehensive quantitative analysis and calculation of out-of-band and in-band interference between the transmitting and receiving arrays. This yields a precise evaluation of the transmit / receive isolation, which is then used for targeted design and subsequent evaluation. This ensures that the transmitting and receiving arrays operate independently without mutual interference, improving the overall antenna performance. Furthermore, it achieves excellent adaptation to the complex operating environment and high-performance requirements of spaceborne multi-beam phased array antennas, guaranteeing signal independence and stability when the transmitting and receiving arrays operate simultaneously.

[0038] The exemplary steps described above in the embodiments of this application are illustrated below with specific examples: S101 analyzes the interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in a multi-beam phased array antenna and calculates the corresponding interference quantization results.

[0039] It should be noted that the multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation method of this application can be applied to Ku / Ka band multi-beam phased array antennas of spaceborne low-Earth orbit communication satellites, i.e., first band (Ku band) transmission and second band (Ka band) reception. The first band can be 17.7~21.2GHz, and the second band can be 27.5~31GHz, i.e., 17.7~21.2GHz transmission and 27.5~31GHz reception. The multi-beam phased array antenna includes a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, corresponding to the transmitting array and the receiving array, respectively. The transmitting array realizes the transmission of the first band, and the receiving array realizes the reception of the second band, and supports simultaneous independent scanning of multiple beams.

[0040] In this embodiment, interference refers to the interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array. Interference is divided into out-of-band interference and in-band interference. The interference quantization results are also divided into out-of-band interference quantization results and in-band interference quantization results. By analyzing the transmission and reception interference mechanism, the interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in the multi-beam phased array antenna is decomposed into two categories: out-of-band interference and in-band interference. The corresponding interference quantization results are identified and calculated for subsequent processing. For example, as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 3 In this context, Tx represents the transmitter, Rx represents the receiver, TxSignal represents the transmitted signal, TxSignal intermodulation represents the transmit intermodulation distortion, Txnoise represents the transmitter noise, and Frequency represents the frequency.

[0041] To add, when analyzing interference, for out-of-band interference: the Ku-band signal from the transmitting array directly leaks into the Ka-band receiving component of the receiving array. Since there is no filter before the first-stage low-noise amplifier, the leaked signal directly changes the operating point of the low-noise amplifier and raises the intermodulation level of the low-noise amplifier. For in-band interference: it is divided into two parts: the radiated noise of the transmitting array itself in the receiving Ka-band, and the high-order intermodulation components generated by the multi-beam signal of the transmitting Ku-band falling into the receiving Ka-band.

[0042] Optionally, when calculating the corresponding out-of-band interference quantization results, an antenna array model is established using an electromagnetic simulation method. Based on the antenna array model, the field strength of the first frequency band radiated by the transmitting antenna at the receiving antenna is obtained, and the leakage power of the transmitted signal leaking to the receiving antenna is calculated based on the field strength of the first frequency band. The scattering parameters of the receiving antenna in the first frequency band are obtained by testing, and the mismatch loss of the receiving antenna in the second transmitting frequency band is calculated based on the scattering parameters. The out-of-band interference signal power entering the receiving low-noise amplifier is calculated, and combined with the third-order output cutoff point of the receiving low-noise amplifier in the second receiving frequency band, the change in the intermodulation level of the low-noise amplifier caused by out-of-band interference is calculated using a preset intermodulation calculation formula. The receiving antenna is a narrowband antenna, which has an inherent mismatch in the transmitting frequency band; the change in the low-noise amplifier intermodulation level characterizes the degree of impact of out-of-band interference on the receiving performance. Specifically, electromagnetic simulation is used to obtain the Ku-band field strength radiated by the transmitting antenna at the receiving antenna, and the power value P1 of the transmitted signal leaking to the receiving antenna is calculated; the mismatch loss L of the receiving antenna in the transmitting Ku-band is tested and calculated. s The receiving antenna is a narrowband antenna, which has an inherent mismatch in the transmitting frequency band. The S-parameters (scattering parameters) of the receiving antenna in the 17.7~21.2GHz range were tested, and the formula L was used to determine the appropriate parameters. s =10×log 10(1-|S(1,1)|²) Calculate the mismatch loss; calculate the out-of-band interference signal power P_in = P1-L entering the first stage low-noise amplifier of the receiver. s By combining the third-order output cutoff point OIP3 of the receiving low-noise amplifier in the Ka receiving band, the change in the intermodulation level of the low-noise amplifier caused by out-of-band interference signals is calculated using the intermodulation calculation formula, thus clarifying the degree of impact of out-of-band interference on the receiving performance.

[0043] Optionally, when calculating the corresponding in-band interference quantization results, the radiated noise power spectral density and total channel power of the transmitting channel in the receiving second frequency band are tested using a spectrum analyzer. Based on the radiated noise power spectral density and total channel power, the radiated noise power of the transmitting array in the receiving second frequency band is obtained. The third-order output cutoff point and gain of the low-noise amplifier in the transmitting first frequency band are tested and obtained. Combined with the predetermined transmitted signal power, the amplitude of the multi-order intermodulation components generated by the transmitted signal in the receiving second frequency band is calculated based on a preset multi-order intermodulation formula. The radiated noise power and multi-order intermodulation components are superimposed and calculated to obtain the total in-band interference power received by the receiving array.

[0044] Specifically, the first step is to quantify the radiated noise of the transmit channel: using a spectrum analyzer, the radiated noise power spectral density and total channel power of the transmit channel in the Ka band (27.5~31GHz) are measured to obtain the radiated noise power P of the transmit array in the receive band. n Next, quantization of the higher-order intermodulation components of the transmitted signal is performed: the frequency spacing of the transmitted Ku-band 4-beam signal can reach up to 3 GHz, and the fourth-order and higher-order intermodulation components are prone to fall into the received Ka-band. The receiver low-noise level is tested at the third-order output cutoff point OIP3 and gain G of the transmitted Ku-band. Combined with the transmitted signal power, the amplitude P_inter of the higher-order intermodulation components generated by the transmitted signal in the received band is calculated using the higher-order intermodulation calculation formula. Finally, the transmitted radiated noise and the higher-order intermodulation components are superimposed to obtain the total in-band interference power P_total_in = P_inter. n + P_inter.

[0045] S102 calculates the minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays based on the performance requirements of the receiving array and the interference quantization results.

[0046] In this embodiment, the minimum transmit / receive isolation is used to ensure that the power of the isolated interference signal is lower than the interference tolerance of the receiving array. Based on the performance requirements of the receiving array (i.e., the receiving performance requirements) and the interference quantization result obtained in step S101, the minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays (collectively referred to as the transmit / receive arrays) is calculated for subsequent processing. For example, as... Figure 2 As shown, calculate the minimum transmit / receive isolation degree I_min.

[0047] Optionally, the minimum isolation value between the transmitting and receiving arrays can be derived by inverse derivation based on the performance requirements of the receiving array, the change in the intermodulation level of the low-noise amplifier, and the total in-band interference power.

[0048] S103, based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation, a targeted design is carried out for the multi-beam phased array antenna, resulting in a targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna.

[0049] In this embodiment of the application, the multi-beam phased array antenna is designed specifically based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation calculated in step S102, resulting in a specially designed multi-beam phased array antenna. For example, such as Figure 2 As shown.

[0050] Optionally, when designing a multi-beam phased array antenna, the receiving antenna element of the multi-beam phased array antenna is contracted, exposing random gaps between the transmitting and receiving antennas. Copper foil is used to fill these random gaps, and dipole-type antenna elements are used with rotational cancellation. A high-frequency filtering structure is added to the receiving RF link of the receiving antenna element, and a linearization circuit is added to the transmitting power amplification link of the transmitting antenna element. The antenna element includes both transmitting and receiving antenna elements, both employing a narrowband design (e.g., a narrowband cross-shaped dipole with parasitic strips and circular polarization). The standing wave ratio (SWR) of the receiving antenna element in the first frequency band is within a preset SWR range. The contraction distance, random gaps, copper foil thickness, rotational cancellation angle, and preset SWR range of the receiving antenna element are all determined by the minimum transmit / receive isolation. The out-of-band suppression of the high-frequency filtering structure meets the preset out-of-band suppression range.

[0051] Specifically, for example, based on the derived minimum transmit / receive isolation value I_min, targeted design can be carried out from two aspects: antenna hardware structure and electrical performance. 1. Array structure optimization: shrink the receiving antenna element, expose random gaps between the transmitting / receiving antennas, fill the gaps with copper foil to reduce signal leakage paths; use dipole antenna elements and perform rotational cancellation to reduce axial ratio and spatial leakage of the transmitted signal; 2. Antenna element design: both transmitting and receiving antenna elements adopt narrowband design to improve the mismatch loss of the receiving antenna in the transmitting frequency band and suppress out-of-band signal leakage from the source; 3. RF link optimization: add a high-frequency filtering structure in the receiving RF link (if it does not affect the receiving performance) to further suppress out-of-band interference; optimize the linearity of the transmitting power amplification link to reduce the generation of high-order intermodulation components of the transmitted signal. For example, Figure 4 The diagram shows a structure in which copper foil is filled into random gaps in the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0052] S104 tests the targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna and evaluates the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the test results.

[0053] In this embodiment of the application, the multi-beam phased array antenna designed specifically in step S103 is tested, and the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is evaluated based on the test results. For example, such as Figure 2 As shown.

[0054] In some implementations, the targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is simulated and tested, and its performance is verified. Based on the results of the simulation, testing and performance verification, the transmit and receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is evaluated.

[0055] Optionally, an electromagnetic simulation model of the entire antenna is established, and the simulated transmit / receive isolation between the transmitting and receiving arrays is calculated based on this model. An antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform is built, and based on this platform, a test signal in the first frequency band is input to the transmitting array. The interference signal power is obtained through testing in the second frequency band via the receiving array, and the corresponding actual transmit / receive isolation is calculated based on the interference signal power. The specially designed multi-beam phased array antenna is then placed in a preset actual working environment for simultaneous multi-beam transmit / receive testing, and the performance indicators of the receiving array are detected. These performance indicators include at least the low-noise amplifier operating point, intermodulation level, gain-to-noise ratio (quality factor), and signal flatness.

[0056] Specifically, the simulation verification involves: establishing an electromagnetic simulation model of the entire antenna system, calculating the isolation value I_simu between the transmit and receive arrays, and comparing I_simu with I_min to verify whether the isolation at the simulation level meets the requirements; physical testing involves building an antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform, inputting a standard Ku-band test signal to the transmit array, and testing the interference signal power at the Ka-band receiver of the receive array to calculate the actual transmit / receive isolation value I_test; and performance verification involves placing the antenna in an actual working environment and conducting simultaneous 4-beam transmit / receive tests to check the low-noise amplifier operating point, intermodulation level, G / T value (gain-to-noise ratio), signal flatness, and other performance indicators of the receive array to verify whether the receiving performance meets the requirements after the isolation design. The process of building the antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0057] Optionally, when evaluating the transmit / receive isolation design of a multi-beam phased array antenna based on the results of simulation verification, physical testing, and performance verification, the receiving performance of the targeted multi-beam phased array antenna after performance index verification is used to determine whether the receiving performance meets the performance index requirements. If both the simulated transmit / receive isolation and the actual transmit / receive isolation are greater than the minimum transmit / receive isolation, and the receiving performance meets the performance index requirements, then the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is deemed qualified.

[0058] For example, if both I_simu and I_test are greater than I_min, and the receiving performance indicators meet the requirements, then the isolation design is qualified; if it does not meet the requirements, the design should be re-optimized until the requirements are met.

[0059] The multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation method provided in this application analyzes the interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in a multi-beam phased array antenna, calculates the corresponding interference quantization results, calculates the minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays based on the performance requirements of the receiving array and the interference quantization results, performs targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation, obtains the targeted-designed multi-beam phased array antenna, tests the targeted-designed multi-beam phased array antenna, and evaluates the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the test results. This multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation method of this application, through full-dimensional quantitative analysis and calculation of out-of-band and in-band interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array of the multi-beam phased array antenna, evaluates and obtains accurate transmit / receive isolation of the multi-beam phased array antenna, and uses this transmit / receive isolation for targeted design and subsequent evaluation of the multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation, thereby ensuring that there is no mutual interference when the transmitting and receiving arrays work independently and simultaneously, improving the overall performance of the antenna. At the same time, it achieves good adaptation to the complex working environment and high performance requirements of spaceborne multi-beam phased array antennas, ensuring signal independence and stability when the transceiver arrays are working simultaneously.

[0060] To better describe the method for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of the multi-beam phased array antenna in this application, the following is illustrated with specific examples: Taking a 4-beam phased array antenna used in spaceborne low-Earth orbit communication satellites for Ku (17.7~21.2GHz) transmission and Ka (27.5~31GHz) reception as an example, the antenna's transmit / receive arrays each contain 512 antenna elements, supporting two-dimensional scanning with an off-axis angle of 53° and an azimuth angle of 0°~360°, with a beam switching time ≤1μs. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Analysis of the transmission and reception interference mechanism The interference of the 17.7~21.2GHz signal from the transmitting array to the 27.5~31GHz signal from the receiving array is clearly divided into out-of-band interference and in-band interference: out-of-band interference is the direct leakage of the transmitted Ku-band signal into the receiving component, affecting the operating point of the first-stage low-noise amplifier; in-band interference is the radiated noise of the transmitting array in the Ka band, as well as the fourth-order and higher intermodulation components generated by the transmitted 4-beam Ku signal falling into the Ka receiving band.

[0061] 2. Quantization calculation of out-of-band interference 2.1 An antenna array model was established using ANSYS electromagnetic simulation software. The field strength of the transmitted Ku-band signal at the receiving antenna was simulated, and the leakage power P1 = -25dBm was calculated. 2.2 The S(1,1) parameters of the receiving antenna were tested in the range of 17.7~21.2GHz, with an average value of 0.8, obtained through formula L. s =10×log 10 (1-|S(1,1)|²) Calculate the mismatch loss L s =10×log 10 (1-0.64)=4.44dB; 2.3 Calculate the out-of-band interference power entering the low-noise amplifier: P_in = -25 - 4.44 = -29.44 dBm; 2.4 The test showed that the OIP3 of the low-noise amplifier in the Ka band was 30dBm. The intermodulation formula showed that out-of-band interference caused the intermodulation level of the low-noise amplifier to rise by 5dB, which exceeded the 2dB rise limit allowed by the receiver performance. Therefore, out-of-band interference needs to be suppressed by isolation design.

[0062] 3. In-band interference quantization calculation 3.1 Using a Keysight N9041B spectrum analyzer, the total channel power of the transmit channel in the 27.5~31GHz range was measured to be -42.08dBm / 3.4GHz, i.e., the transmit radiated noise power P. n =-42.08dBm; 3.2 Transmit 4-beam Ku signal with a frequency spacing of 3GHz. Test the OIP3 of the receiver in the Ku band to be 28dBm and the gain G=20dB. Transmit single beam input power is 0dBm. The amplitude of the intermodulation component falling into the Ka band is calculated to be P_inter=-50dBm using the fourth-order intermodulation formula. 3.3 The total in-band interference power P_total_in = -42.08 + (-50) (calculated by superposition) = -41.8dBm, which is close to the minimum detectable signal power of the receiving array -40dBm, and needs to be suppressed.

[0063] 4. Derivation of Isolation Requirements for Sending and Receiving Based on the receiving performance requirements, i.e. the performance index requirements, the low noise amplifier intermodulation level rise needs to be ≤2dB, and the interference signal power at the receiving end needs to be ≤-60dBm. Combining the existing interference power, the minimum isolation value between the transmitting and receiving arrays is derived in reverse as I_min=30dB.

[0064] Interference signal power represents the actual interference power reaching the receiver input and being received by the antenna. Interference signal power = Interference incident power density × Antenna gain in the interference direction × Bandwidth. Total in-band interference power considers only the frequency band, not the direction; it is the sum of all interference within the band. Receiver interference power represents the interference actually received by the antenna, considering the frequency band, direction, and antenna gain.

[0065] The two are only approximately equal when the interference is omnidirectional and the antenna is non-directional; otherwise, they are definitely not equal.

[0066] 5. Targeted isolation design for sending and receiving data. 5.1 Array structure optimization: The receiving dipole antenna element is reduced by 2mm, exposing random gaps of 0.5~1mm between components. Copper foil with a thickness of 0.1mm is used to fill the gaps to reduce signal space leakage. The antenna element is rotated by 45° to cancel each other out, ensuring that the glass bead probe is in the center of the element, reducing the axial ratio and improving spatial isolation. 5.2 Antenna Element Design: Both the transmitting and receiving antenna elements adopt a narrowband cross-shaped dipole + parasitic strip circular polarization design. The receiving antenna element has a VSWR ≥3 in the Ku band, further improving the mismatch loss. 5.3 RF Link Optimization: Add a Ka-band bandpass filter before the receiving low-noise amplifier to suppress out-of-band interference of ≥25dB ​​in the Ku-band; optimize the transmitting power amplifier link by adding a linearization circuit to reduce the high-order intermodulation components of the transmitted signal, thereby reducing the 4th-order intermodulation component by 10dB.

[0067] 6. Evaluation of the effectiveness of send / receive isolation 6.1 Simulation Verification: The simulation model was re-established, and the simulation calculation showed that the transmit / receive isolation I_simu=35dB, which is greater than I_min=30dB, and the simulation met the standard. 6.2 Physical testing: A test platform was set up, and a 0dBm Ku band test signal was input to the transmitting array. The interference signal power was measured at the Ka band receiver of the receiving array to be -65dBm. The actual isolation I_test was calculated to be 35.56dB, which is greater than I_min. 6.3 Performance Verification: A 4-beam simultaneous transmit and receive test was conducted. The results showed that the low noise amplifier intermodulation level rise was 1dB≤2dB, the G / T value normal was ≥-0.5dB / K, the 53° beam center was ≥-4dB / K, and the signal flatness was ≤1dB@300MHz. All receiving performance indicators met the requirements. 6.4 Once the isolation design is deemed satisfactory, the antenna can be put into practical application.

[0068] It should be noted that the method for evaluating the transmit-receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna in this application is a design and evaluation method for the transmit-receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna.

[0069] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation device provided according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation device 600 of this application embodiment may specifically include: The first calculation module 601 is used to analyze the interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in a multi-beam phased array antenna and calculate the corresponding interference quantization results. The interference is divided into out-of-band interference and in-band interference. The interference quantization results are divided into out-of-band interference quantization results and in-band interference quantization results.

[0070] The second calculation module 602 is used to calculate the minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays based on the performance requirements of the receiving array and the interference quantization results.

[0071] The acquisition module 603 is used to perform targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation, and obtain the targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna. Evaluation module 604 is used to test the targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna and evaluate the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the test results.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the first computing module is specifically used for: An antenna array model is established using electromagnetic simulation. Based on the antenna array model, the field strength of the first frequency band radiated by the transmitting antenna at the receiving antenna is obtained, and the leakage power of the transmitted signal leaking to the receiving antenna is calculated based on the field strength of the first frequency band. The receiving antenna is a narrowband antenna, which has an inherent mismatch in the transmitting frequency band. The scattering parameters of the receiving antenna in the first frequency band were obtained by testing, and the mismatch loss of the receiving antenna in the second transmission frequency band was calculated based on the scattering parameters. The power of the out-of-band interference signal entering the receiving low-noise amplifier is calculated, and combined with the third-order output cutoff point of the receiving low-noise amplifier in the second frequency band, the change in the intermodulation level of the low-noise amplifier caused by the out-of-band interference is calculated using a preset intermodulation calculation formula; wherein, the change in the intermodulation level of the low-noise amplifier characterizes the degree of influence of out-of-band interference on the receiving performance.

[0073] In one possible implementation, the first computing module is specifically used for: The radiated noise power spectral density and total channel power of the transmitting channel in the second receiving band were tested using a spectrum analyzer. Based on the radiated noise power spectral density and total channel power, the radiated noise power of the transmitting array in the second receiving band was obtained. The test obtained the third-order output cutoff point and gain of the low-noise amplifier in the first transmission band, and combined with the predetermined transmission signal power, the amplitude of the multi-order intermodulation components generated by the transmitted signal in the second reception band was calculated based on the preset multi-order intermodulation formula. The total in-band interference power experienced by the receiving array is obtained by superimposing and calculating the radiated noise power and the multi-order intermodulation components.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the acquisition module is specifically used for: The receiving antenna element of the multi-beam phased array antenna is contracted to expose random gaps between the transmitting and receiving antennas. Copper foil is used to fill the random gaps, and dipole-type antenna elements are rotated and canceled. All antenna elements adopt a narrowband design, and the standing wave ratio (SWR) of the receiving antenna element in the first frequency band is within a preset SWR range. The contraction distance of the receiving antenna element, the random gaps, the copper foil thickness, the rotation cancellation angle, and the preset SWR range are all determined by the minimum transmit / receive isolation. A high-frequency filtering structure is added to the receiving RF link of the receiving antenna unit, and a linearization circuit is added to the transmitting power amplification link of the transmitting antenna unit; wherein, the out-of-band suppression of the high-frequency filtering structure conforms to the preset out-of-band suppression range.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the evaluation module is specifically used for: The multi-beam phased array antenna with targeted design was simulated and tested, and its performance was verified. Based on the results of simulation verification, physical testing, and performance verification, the transmit-receive isolation design of a multi-beam phased array antenna is evaluated.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the evaluation module is specifically used for: An electromagnetic simulation model of the entire antenna is established, and the simulated transmit / receive isolation between the transmitting and receiving arrays is calculated based on the electromagnetic simulation model of the entire antenna. An antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform was built. Based on the antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform, a test signal of the first frequency band was input into the transmitting array. The interference signal power was obtained by testing the second frequency band through the receiving array. The corresponding actual transmit / receive isolation was calculated based on the interference signal power. The specially designed multi-beam phased array antenna was placed in a preset actual working environment for multi-beam simultaneous transmission and reception testing, and the performance indicators of the receiving array were obtained.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the evaluation module is specifically used for: The performance indicators were used to verify whether the receiving performance of the targeted multi-beam phased array antenna met the performance requirements. If both the simulated and actual transmit / receive isolation are greater than the minimum transmit / receive isolation, and the receiving performance meets the performance requirements, then the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is deemed qualified.

[0078] The multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation device provided in this application analyzes the interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in a multi-beam phased array antenna, calculates the corresponding interference quantization results, calculates the minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays based on the performance requirements of the receiving array and the interference quantization results, performs targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation, obtains the targeted-designed multi-beam phased array antenna, tests the targeted-designed multi-beam phased array antenna, and evaluates the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the test results. This multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation device of this application, through full-dimensional quantitative analysis and calculation of out-of-band and in-band interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array of the multi-beam phased array antenna, evaluates and obtains accurate transmit / receive isolation of the multi-beam phased array antenna, and uses this transmit / receive isolation for targeted design and subsequent evaluation of the transmit / receive isolation of the multi-beam phased array antenna, thereby ensuring that there is no mutual interference when the transmitting and receiving arrays work independently and simultaneously, and improving the overall performance of the antenna. At the same time, it achieves good adaptation to the complex working environment and high performance requirements of spaceborne multi-beam phased array antennas, ensuring signal independence and stability when the transceiver arrays are working simultaneously.

[0079] like Figure 7 As shown in the embodiment of this application, an electronic device 700 includes a processor 701, a memory 702, and a bus. The memory 702 stores machine-readable instructions that can be executed by the processor 701. When the electronic device is running, the processor 701 communicates with the memory 702 via the bus. The processor 701 executes the machine-readable instructions to perform the steps of the multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation method described above.

[0080] Specifically, the memory 702 and processor 701 mentioned above can be general-purpose memory and processor, without any specific limitations. When the processor 701 runs the computer program stored in the memory 702, it can execute the above-mentioned multi-beam phased array antenna transmit-receive isolation evaluation method.

[0081] Corresponding to the above-described method for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When the computer program is run by a processor, it executes the steps of the above-described method for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems and devices described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection can be through some communication interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0083] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0084] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0085] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a processor-executable, non-volatile, computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the deployment methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, external hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0086] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna, characterized in that, The method includes: The interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in a multi-beam phased array antenna is analyzed, and the corresponding interference quantization results are calculated. The interference is divided into out-of-band interference and in-band interference. The interference quantization results are divided into out-of-band interference quantization results and in-band interference quantization results. The minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays is calculated based on the performance requirements of the receiving array and the interference quantization results. Based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation, the multi-beam phased array antenna is designed accordingly to obtain the designed multi-beam phased array antenna. The targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna was tested, and the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna was evaluated based on the test results.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interference quantization result corresponding to the calculation includes: An antenna array model is established using electromagnetic simulation. Based on the antenna array model, the field strength of the first frequency band radiated by the transmitting antenna at the receiving antenna is obtained. Based on the first frequency band field strength, the leakage power of the transmitted signal leaking to the receiving antenna is calculated. The receiving antenna is a narrowband antenna, which has an inherent mismatch in the transmitting frequency band. The scattering parameters of the receiving antenna in the first frequency band are obtained by testing, and the mismatch loss of the receiving antenna in the second transmission frequency band is calculated based on the scattering parameters. The power of the out-of-band interference signal entering the receiving low-noise amplifier is calculated, and combined with the third-order output cutoff point of the receiving low-noise amplifier in the second frequency band, the change in the low-noise amplifier intermodulation level caused by the out-of-band interference is calculated using a preset intermodulation calculation formula; wherein, the change in the low-noise amplifier intermodulation level characterizes the degree of influence of out-of-band interference on the receiving performance.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interference quantization result corresponding to the calculation includes: The radiated noise power spectral density and total channel power of the transmitting channel in the receiving second frequency band are tested using a spectrum analyzer, and the radiated noise power of the transmitting array in the receiving second frequency band is obtained based on the radiated noise power spectral density and the total channel power. The test obtained the third-order output cutoff point and gain of the low-noise amplifier in the first transmission band, and combined with the predetermined transmission signal power, the amplitude of the multi-order intermodulation components generated by the transmitted signal in the second reception band was calculated based on the preset multi-order intermodulation formula. The total in-band interference power received by the receiving array is obtained by superimposing and calculating the radiated noise power and the multi-order intermodulation components.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna includes: The receiving antenna element of the multi-beam phased array antenna is contracted to expose random gaps between the transmitting and receiving antennas. Copper foil is used to fill these random gaps. A dipole-type antenna element is then rotated and canceled out. All antenna elements employ a narrowband design, and the standing wave ratio (SWR) of the receiving antenna element in the first frequency band is within a preset SWR range. The contraction distance of the receiving antenna element, the random gaps, the copper foil thickness, the rotation cancellation angle, and the preset SWR range are all determined by the minimum transmit / receive isolation. A high-frequency filtering structure is added to the receiving radio frequency link of the receiving antenna unit, and a linearization circuit is added to the transmitting power amplification link of the transmitting antenna unit; wherein, the out-of-band suppression of the high-frequency filtering structure conforms to the preset out-of-band suppression range.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of testing the specifically designed multi-beam phased array antenna and evaluating its transmit / receive isolation design based on the test results includes: The targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna was simulated and tested, and its performance was verified. Based on the results of simulation verification, physical testing, and performance verification, the transmit-receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is evaluated.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation verification and physical testing of the specially designed multi-beam phased array antenna, and the performance verification of the multi-beam phased array antenna, include: An electromagnetic simulation model of the entire antenna is established, and the simulated transmit / receive isolation between the transmitting and receiving arrays is calculated based on the electromagnetic simulation model of the entire antenna. An antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform is built. Based on the antenna transmit / receive isolation test platform, a test signal of the first frequency band is input to the transmitting array. The interference signal power is obtained by testing the second frequency band through the receiving array. The corresponding actual transmit / receive isolation is calculated based on the interference signal power. The specially designed multi-beam phased array antenna was placed in a preset actual working environment for multi-beam simultaneous transmission and reception testing, and the performance indicators of the receiving array were detected.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The evaluation of the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the results of simulation verification, physical testing, and performance verification includes: Based on the aforementioned performance indicators, verify whether the receiving performance of the targeted multi-beam phased array antenna meets the performance indicator requirements. If both the simulated transmit / receive isolation and the actual transmit / receive isolation are greater than the minimum transmit / receive isolation, and the receiving performance meets the performance index requirements, then the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna is deemed qualified.

8. A device for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna, characterized in that, The device includes: The first calculation module is used to analyze the interference between the transmitting array and the receiving array in a multi-beam phased array antenna, and to calculate the corresponding interference quantization results; wherein the interference is divided into out-of-band interference and in-band interference; and the interference quantization results are divided into out-of-band interference quantization results and in-band interference quantization results. The second calculation module is used to calculate the minimum transmit / receive isolation required between the transmitting and receiving arrays based on the performance requirements of the receiving array and the interference quantization results. The acquisition module is used to perform targeted design on the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the minimum transmit / receive isolation, and obtain the targeted designed multi-beam phased array antenna. The evaluation module is used to test the targeted design of the multi-beam phased array antenna and evaluate the transmit / receive isolation design of the multi-beam phased array antenna based on the test results.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The device includes a processor, a memory, and a bus. The memory stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor. When the electronic device is running, the processor communicates with the memory via the bus. When the machine-readable instructions are executed by the processor, they perform the steps of the multi-beam phased array antenna transmit / receive isolation evaluation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method for evaluating the transmit / receive isolation of a multi-beam phased array antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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