Communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a communication method and device, which can be applied to a device-to-reader (D2R) transmission scenario and can improve the decoding performance of a PDRCH. In the method, a device transmits a transport block and a sequence to a reader. The content of the sequence is associated with the size / length of the transport block and at least one threshold. For example, when the size / length of the transport block is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence can be a preamble; when the size / length of the transport block is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the sequence can be a preamble, at least one midamble and a postamble; and when the size / length of the transport block is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence can be a preamble and at least one midamble, or can be a preamble and a postamble. Based on the scheme, when the size / length of the transport block is large, the receiver can combine the preamble and at least one of the midamble and the postamble to realize fine estimation of SFO and joint estimation of a channel, thereby improving the decoding performance of the PDRCH.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510138463.2, filed on February 7, 2025, entitled "Communication Method and Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to communication methods and apparatus. Background Technology

[0003] Device-to-reader (D2R) transmission refers to the transmission from a device to a reader. The device can be located within the coverage area provided by the reader. For example, the device can be an electronic tag, a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag, or a terminal. The reader can read (and sometimes write) information from the device.

[0004] In D2R transmission, the device's transport block (TB) can be carried via the physical device-to-reader channel (PDRCH). Additionally, the device can send a preamble for sampling frequency offset (SFO) estimation and channel estimation.

[0005] However, when the transport block size (TBS) is large, the decoding performance of PDRCH is poor when using preambles for SFO and channel estimation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a communication method and apparatus that can improve the decoding performance of PDRCH in D2R transmission.

[0007] Firstly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a first communication device, or by a component of the first communication device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the first communication device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first communication device. For example, the first communication device can be a tag, such as an environmental IoT device. The method includes: determining a transmission block, and sending the transmission block and a sequence. Wherein, if a first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or, if the first value is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transmission block, or the transmission duration of the transmission block.

[0008] Based on this scheme, the first communication device can determine whether the transmitted sequence contains a preamble and a postamble based on the transmission block size / transmission duration, combined with at least one of a first threshold and a second threshold. For example, when the transmission block size / transmission duration is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence may include a preamble but not a preamble or a postamble, thereby avoiding the occupation of time and frequency resources by the preamble and postamble, which would result in a waste of time and frequency resources. In this case, the transmission block size / transmission duration is small, and channel estimation using the preamble can guarantee the decoding performance of PDRCH. When the length is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the sequence may include a preamble, at least one intermezzo, and a postamble, enabling the receiver to perform fine-grained SFO estimation and joint channel estimation based on the preamble, at least one intermezzo, and postamble, thereby improving the decoding performance of PDRCH. When the transport block size / transmission duration is in the middle range, the sequence may include a preamble and at least one intermezzo, or may include a preamble and a postamble, enabling the receiver to perform fine-grained SFO estimation and joint channel estimation, improving PDRCH decoding performance while minimizing the occupation of time and frequency resources. In other words, based on the scheme of this application, the preamble configuration can be flexibly implemented based on the transport block size / transmission duration, thereby improving the decoding performance of PDRCH under different transport block sizes / transmission durations.

[0009] As one possible design, the method further includes: receiving first information, the first information indicating at least one of a first threshold and a second threshold.

[0010] Based on this possible design, at least one of the first threshold and the second threshold can be indicated by the second communication device, so that the second communication device can flexibly configure at least one of the first threshold and the second threshold according to the actual situation or business needs, thereby realizing the flexible configuration of the guide code.

[0011] As one possible design, the method further includes: receiving second information. If the first value is greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, the second information indicates a preamble and at least one intermolecular code; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information indicates a preamble and a postamble.

[0012] Based on this possible design, the second communication device can configure the preamble included in the sequence when the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, thereby enabling the second communication device to flexibly configure the preamble in the sequence according to the actual situation or business requirements, and thus realize the flexible configuration of the preamble.

[0013] Secondly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a first communication device, or by a component of the first communication device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the first communication device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes: determining a transmission block, and sending the transmission block and a sequence. Wherein, if a first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermolecular preamble, and a postcode, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermolecular preamble, or the sequence is a preamble and a postcode. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transmission block, or the transmission duration of the transmission block.

[0014] Based on this scheme, the first communication device can determine whether the transmitted sequence contains a preamble and a postamble based on the size of the transmission block / transmission duration and a first threshold. For example, when the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence may include a preamble but not a preamble or a postamble, thereby avoiding the occupation of time and frequency resources by the preamble and postamble, which would result in a waste of time and frequency resources. In this case, the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is relatively small, and channel estimation using the preamble can guarantee the decoding performance of PDRCH. When the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is greater than the first threshold, the sequence may include a preamble, at least one preamble, and a postamble, or may include a preamble and at least one preamble, or may include a preamble and a postamble, enabling the receiver to achieve fine estimation of SFO and joint channel estimation, improving the decoding performance of PDRCH while minimizing the occupation of time and frequency resources.

[0015] Thirdly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a first communication device, or by a component of the first communication device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the first communication device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes: determining a transmission block, and transmitting the transmission block and a sequence. Wherein, if a first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one introductory code; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one introductory code, and a postcode, or the sequence is a preamble and a postcode. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transmission block, or the transmission duration of the transmission block.

[0016] Based on this scheme, the first communication device can determine whether the transmitted sequence contains a preamble and a postamble based on the size of the transmission block / transmission duration and a first threshold. For example, when the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence may include a preamble and at least one preamble, thereby avoiding the postamble from occupying time and frequency resources and wasting time and frequency resources. In this case, the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is small, and channel estimation using a preamble and at least one preamble can guarantee the decoding performance of PDRCH. When the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is greater than the first threshold, the sequence may include a preamble, at least one preamble, and a postamble, or may include a preamble and a postamble, enabling the receiver to achieve fine estimation of SFO and joint channel estimation, improving the decoding performance of PDRCH while minimizing the occupation of time and frequency resources.

[0017] Fourthly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a first communication device, or by a component of the first communication device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the first communication device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes: determining a transmission block; and transmitting the transmission block and a sequence. Wherein, if a first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and a postamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate preamble, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate preamble. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transmission block, or the transmission duration of the transmission block.

[0018] Based on this scheme, the first communication device can determine whether the transmitted sequence contains a preamble and a postamble based on the size of the transmission block / transmission duration and a first threshold. For example, when the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence may include a preamble and a postamble, thereby avoiding the occupation of time and frequency resources by the preamble and causing waste of time and frequency resources. In this case, the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is small, and channel estimation using the preamble and postamble can guarantee the decoding performance of PDRCH. When the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is greater than the first threshold, the sequence may include a preamble, at least one preamble, and a postamble, or may include a preamble and at least one preamble, enabling the receiver to achieve fine estimation of SFO and joint channel estimation, improving the decoding performance of PDRCH while minimizing the occupation of time and frequency resources.

[0019] Fifthly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a first communication device, or by a component of the first communication device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the first communication device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes: receiving first indication information, the first indication information indicating whether a sequence includes an introductory code; and transmitting a transport block and a sequence, wherein the sequence includes a preamble, and whether the sequence includes an introductory code is determined based on the first indication information.

[0020] In one possible design, combining any one of the first to fifth aspects, the preamble is located before the transport block, one of at least one intermediate preamble is located between the first and second part bits of the transport block, and the postamble is located after the transport block.

[0021] In combination with any one of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, the transmission duration of the transport block is related to at least one of the following: the size of the transport block, the bit rate, the number of encoding repetitions, or the chip length.

[0022] In one possible design, in conjunction with any one of the first to fifth aspects, the method further includes: receiving second indication information indicating whether a mid-prefix is ​​placed at the end of the transmission block.

[0023] In conjunction with any one of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, the method further includes: receiving fourth information indicating a first pattern, the first pattern indicating the position of at least one intermediate preamble in a transport block. The first pattern is one of the following: a first intermediate preamble and a preamble are spaced A bits apart, and any two adjacent intermediate preambles are spaced A bits apart; or, the first intermediate preamble and the preamble are spaced B time apart, and any two adjacent intermediate preambles are spaced B time apart. Alternatively, the first pattern is one of the following: the first intermediate preamble and the preamble are spaced A bits apart; or, the first intermediate preamble and the preamble are spaced B time apart.

[0024] Based on this possible design, the second communication device can indicate the position of the mid-prefix through the fourth information, thereby enabling the first communication device to correctly insert the mid-prefix into the transmission block according to the instructions of the second communication device, thus ensuring the decoding performance of the transmission block.

[0025] In conjunction with any one of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, the method further includes: receiving third information. This third information indicates either bit A or duration B, where bit A or duration B is a first insertion interval, which is the interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble in the sequence, and / or the interval between two adjacent intermediate codes in the sequence.

[0026] In one possible design, combining any one of the first to fifth aspects, A belongs to the first interval set and the third information includes the index of A in the first interval set; or, B belongs to the second interval set and the third information includes the index of B in the second interval set.

[0027] In conjunction with any of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, the method further includes: determining a first insertion interval, which is the interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble in the sequence, and / or the interval between two adjacent intermediate codes in the sequence. The first insertion interval is determined based on the number of intermediate codes, or the first insertion interval is determined based on a second insertion interval, which is predefined or indicated by the second communication device.

[0028] In one possible design, combining any one of the first through fifth aspects, or, Where L represents the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble, TBS represents the size of the transport block, and t TB Indicates the transmission duration of a transport block. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding x up.

[0029] In one possible design, combining any one of the first through fifth aspects, or, Where L represents the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble, TBS represents the size of the transport block, and t TB Indicates the transmission duration of a transport block. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding x up.

[0030] In conjunction with any one of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, the method further includes: receiving fifth information. The fifth information indicates that A is associated with the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code, or indicates that A is configured; or, the fifth information indicates that B is associated with the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code, or indicates that B is configured.

[0031] In conjunction with any of the first through fifth aspects, in one possible design, the method further includes: receiving sixth information. The sixth information includes the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble; or, the sixth information indicates a second value or a third value, the second value being the number of bits and the third value being the duration, the second and third values ​​being associated with the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble.

[0032] In combination with any one of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, the number of intermediate codes and the second value of at least one intermediate code satisfy one of the following relationships:

[0033]

[0034] Alternatively, the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code and the third value satisfy one of the following relationships:

[0035]

[0036] Where L represents the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble; TBS represents the size of the transport block; mid_inter1 represents the second value; t TB This indicates the transmission duration of the transport block, with mid_inter2 representing the third value. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding up x. The second or third value can be a predefined second insertion interval or an interval indicated by a second communication device.

[0037] In combination with any one of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, the number of intermediate codes and the second value of at least one intermediate code satisfy one of the following relationships:

[0038]

[0039] Alternatively, the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code and the third value satisfy one of the following relationships:

[0040]

[0041] Where L represents the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble; TBS represents the size of the transport block; mid_inter1 represents the second value; t TB This indicates the transmission duration of the transport block, with mid_inter2 representing the third value. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding up x. The second or third value can be a predefined second insertion interval or an interval indicated by a second communication device.

[0042] In conjunction with any of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, the method further includes: receiving fourth indication information, which indicates the insertion of a mid-prefix according to a first insertion interval, or indicates the insertion of a mid-prefix according to a second insertion interval. The second insertion interval is predefined or indicated by a second communication device, and the first insertion interval is determined based on the second insertion interval.

[0043] In combination with any of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, when the number of intermediate preambles in the sequence is 1, the intermediate preamble is located at the end of the transmission block.

[0044] In one possible design, in conjunction with any one of the first to fifth aspects, the method further includes: receiving third indication information, wherein if the number of intermediate preambles in the sequence is 1, the intermediate preamble is located at the end of the transmission block.

[0045] In combination with any one of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, when at least one intermediate code is multiple intermediate codes, the multiple intermediate codes have the same number of bits or the multiple intermediate codes have the same transmission duration.

[0046] In conjunction with any of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, the method further includes: receiving seventh information. The seventh information indicates that the number of bits in each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z1 times the number of bits in the preamble, where z1 is a positive number; or, the seventh information indicates that the transmission duration of each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z2 times the transmission duration of the preamble, where z2 is a positive number; or, the seventh information indicates that the number of bits in each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z3 times the number of bits in the first part of the preamble, the preamble comprising at least two parts, the first part being any one of the at least two parts of the preamble, where z3 is a positive number; or, the seventh information indicates that the transmission duration of each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z4 times the transmission duration of the first part of the preamble, the preamble comprising at least two parts, the first part being any one of the at least two parts of the preamble, where z4 is a positive number.

[0047] In combination with any one of the first to fifth aspects, in one possible design, when at least one intermediate cipher is multiple intermediate ciphers, there are at least two intermediate ciphers with different bit numbers among the multiple intermediate ciphers, or there are at least two intermediate ciphers with different transmission durations among the multiple intermediate ciphers.

[0048] Sixthly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a second communication device, or by a component of the second communication device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the second communication device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: receiving a transmission block and a sequence, and decoding the transmission block according to the sequence. Wherein, if a first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or, if the first value is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transmission block, or the transmission duration of the transmission block. The technical effects brought about by the fifth aspect are similar to those brought about by the first aspect described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0049] In one possible design, the method further includes: sending first information indicating at least one of a first threshold and a second threshold.

[0050] In one possible design, the method further includes: sending second information. If the first value is greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, the second information indicates a sequence of preamble and at least one intermolecular code; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information indicates a sequence of preamble and posttermole.

[0051] In a seventh aspect, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a second communication device, or by a component of the second communication device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the second communication device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: receiving a transmission block and a sequence, and decoding the transmission block according to the sequence. Wherein, if a first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transmission block, or the transmission duration of the transmission block. The technical effects brought about by the sixth aspect are similar to those brought about by the second aspect described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] Eighthly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a second communication device, or by a component of the second communication device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the second communication device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: receiving a transmission block and a sequence, and decoding the transmission block according to the sequence. Wherein, if a first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one introductory code; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one introductory code, and a postcode, or the sequence is a preamble and a postcode. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transmission block, or the transmission duration of the transmission block. The technical effects brought about by the seventh aspect are similar to those brought about by the third aspect described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0053] Ninthly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a second communication device, or by a component of the second communication device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the second communication device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: receiving a transmission block and a sequence, and decoding the transmission block according to the sequence. Wherein, if a first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and a postamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate preamble, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate preamble. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transmission block, or the transmission duration of the transmission block. The technical effects brought about by the eighth aspect are similar to those brought about by the fourth aspect described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0054] In a tenth aspect, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a second communication device, or by a component of the second communication device, such as a processor, chip, or chip system of the second communication device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: sending first indication information, the first indication information indicating whether a sequence includes an introductory code; receiving a transmission block and a sequence; and decoding the transmission block according to the sequence. The sequence includes a preamble, and whether the sequence includes an introductory code is determined based on the first indication information.

[0055] In one possible design, in conjunction with any of the sixth to tenth aspects, the method further includes: sending a second indication message indicating whether a mid-prefix is ​​placed at the end of the transport block.

[0056] In conjunction with any of aspects six through ten, in one possible design, the method further includes: sending a fourth indication message, which indicates the insertion of a mid-prefix according to a first insertion interval, or indicates the insertion of a mid-prefix according to a second insertion interval. The first insertion interval is predefined or indicated by a second communication device, and the second insertion interval is determined based on the first insertion interval.

[0057] In combination with any of the sixth to tenth aspects, in one possible design, when the number of intermediate preambles in the sequence is 1, the intermediate preamble is located at the end of the transmission block.

[0058] In one possible design, in conjunction with any of the sixth to tenth aspects, the method further includes: sending a third indication message, wherein the third indication message indicates that when the number of intermediate preambles in the sequence is 1, the intermediate preamble is located at the end of the transmission block.

[0059] In conjunction with any of aspects six through ten, in one possible design, the method further includes: transmitting fourth information indicating a first pattern, the first pattern indicating the position of at least one intermediate preamble in a transport block. The first pattern is one of the following: a first intermediate preamble and a preamble are spaced A bits apart, and any two adjacent intermediate preambles are spaced A bits apart; or, the first intermediate preamble and the preamble are spaced B time intervals apart, and any two adjacent intermediate preambles are spaced B time intervals apart. Alternatively, the first pattern is one of the following: the first intermediate preamble and the preamble are spaced A bits apart; or, the first intermediate preamble and the preamble are spaced B time intervals apart.

[0060] In conjunction with any one of aspects six through ten, in one possible design, the method further includes: sending a third message. This third message indicates either A or B as described above.

[0061] In conjunction with any one of aspects six through ten, in one possible design, the method further includes: sending a fifth message. The fifth message indicates that A is associated with the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code, or indicates that A is configured; or, the fifth message indicates that B is associated with the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code, or indicates that B is configured.

[0062] In conjunction with any one of aspects six through ten, in one possible design, the method further includes: transmitting a sixth message. The sixth message includes the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble; or, the sixth message indicates a second value or a third value, the second value being the number of bits and the third value being the duration, the second value and the third value being associated with the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble.

[0063] In conjunction with any one of aspects six through ten, in one possible design, the method further includes: transmitting a seventh message. The seventh message indicates that the number of bits in each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z1 times the number of bits in the preamble, where z1 is a positive number; or, the seventh message indicates that the transmission duration of each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z2 times the transmission duration of the preamble, where z2 is a positive number; or, the seventh message indicates that the number of bits in each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z3 times the number of bits in the first part of the preamble, the preamble comprising at least two parts, the first part being any one of the at least two parts of the preamble, where z3 is a positive number; or, the seventh message indicates that the transmission duration of each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z4 times the transmission duration of the first part of the preamble, the preamble comprising at least two parts, the first part being any one of the at least two parts of the preamble, where z4 is a positive number.

[0064] The technical effects of any possible design in aspects six through ten can be referenced to the technical effects of the corresponding designs in aspects one through four, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0065] Eleventhly, a communication device is provided for implementing various methods. The communication device includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the implementation of the methods, wherein the modules, units, or means can be implemented in hardware, software, or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the functions.

[0066] In some possible designs, the communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. The processing module can be used to implement the processing functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof. The transceiver module may include a receiving module and a transmitting module, respectively used to implement the receiving function and the transmitting function in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof.

[0067] In some possible designs, the transceiver module can consist of transceiver circuitry, a transceiver unit, a transceiver interface, or a communication interface.

[0068] In a twelfth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory being used to store computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the communication device to perform the method described in any of the above aspects and any possible design thereof.

[0069] In a thirteenth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface being used to communicate with a module outside the communication device; the processor being used to execute computer programs or instructions to cause the communication device to perform the methods described in any of the foregoing aspects and any possible designs thereof.

[0070] In a fourteenth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: at least one processor; said processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions stored in a memory to cause the communication device to perform the methods described in any of the foregoing aspects and any possible designs thereof. The memory may be coupled to the processor, or may be independent of the processor.

[0071] In a fifteenth aspect, a communication device (e.g., a chip or chip system) is provided, the communication device including a processor for implementing the functions involved in any of the above aspects and any possible designs thereof.

[0072] In some possible designs, the communication device includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data.

[0073] In some possible designs, when the device is a chip system, it can be composed of chips or contain chips and other discrete components.

[0074] The communication device described in aspects eleven to fifteen may be a first communication device in aspects one to five, or a device included in the first communication device, such as a chip or chip system; or the communication device may be a second communication device in aspects six to ten, or a device included in the second communication device, such as a chip or chip system.

[0075] In a sixteenth aspect, a communication device is provided, which may be a first communication device, or a module or unit (e.g., a chip, a chip system, or a circuit) in the first communication device that performs the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the first to fifth aspects, or a module or unit that can be used in conjunction with the first communication device; or, the communication device may be a second communication device, or a module or unit (e.g., a chip, a chip system, or a circuit) in the second communication device that performs the methods / operations / steps / actions described in the sixth to tenth aspects, or a module or unit that can be used in conjunction with the second communication device.

[0076] It is understandable that when the communication device provided by any one of aspects eleven to sixteen is a chip, the sending action / function of the communication device can be understood as outputting information, and the receiving action / function of the communication device can be understood as inputting information.

[0077] In a seventeenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a communication device, enable the communication device to perform the methods described in any of the preceding aspects and any possible designs thereof.

[0078] In an eighteenth aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided that, when run on a communication device, enables the communication device to perform the methods described in any of the foregoing aspects and any possible design thereof.

[0079] In a nineteenth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising a first communication device and a second communication device. The first communication device is used to implement the method described in any one of the first to fifth aspects and any possible design thereof, and the second communication device is used to implement the method described in any one of the sixth to tenth aspects and any possible design thereof.

[0080] The technical effects of any of the design methods in aspects eleven to nineteen can be found in the technical effects of different design methods in aspects one to ten, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0081] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an RFID system provided in this application;

[0082] Figure 2 This application provides a channel diagram for a communication scenario between a device and a reader / writer.

[0083] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system provided in this application;

[0084] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another communication system provided in this application;

[0085] Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an O-RAN system;

[0086] Figure 6 This application provides a schematic diagram of the protocol layer architecture of an access network device in an O-RAN system.

[0087] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of each node in an O-RAN system provided in this application;

[0088] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in this application;

[0089] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the positional relationship of the preamble, intermembrane, and posttermembrane provided for this application;

[0090] Figure 10 This application provides a schematic diagram illustrating the range of transport block sizes.

[0091] Figure 11 A schematic diagram illustrating the range of transmission duration for a transmission block provided in this application;

[0092] Figure 12 A schematic diagram illustrating the insertion position of a middle preamble provided in this application;

[0093] Figure 13 A schematic diagram illustrating another insertion position of the intermediate preamble provided in this application;

[0094] Figures 14-16 A schematic diagram of the communication device provided in this application;

[0095] Figures 17-18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the insertion position of a mid-prefix provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0096] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this application is merely a description of the relationship between the related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0097] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0098] Furthermore, to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used in the embodiments of this application to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0099] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0100] It is understood that the term "embodiment" used throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, various embodiments throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It is understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0101] It is understood that in this application, "...when" and "if" both refer to the corresponding processing that will be carried out under certain objective circumstances, and are not limited to a specific time, nor do they require a judgment action to be performed during implementation, nor do they imply any other limitations.

[0102] It is understood that some optional features in the embodiments of this application can be implemented independently in certain scenarios without relying on other features, such as the current solution on which they are based, to solve the corresponding technical problems and achieve the corresponding effects. Alternatively, they can be combined with other features as needed in certain scenarios. Correspondingly, the apparatus given in the embodiments of this application can also implement these features or functions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0103] In this application, unless otherwise specified, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. In the various embodiments and their implementations in this application, unless otherwise specified or logically conflicting, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments and their implementations are consistent and can be mutually referenced. The technical features of different embodiments and their implementations can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships. The embodiments described below do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application.

[0104] With the widespread application of 5G, machine-type communication (MTC), and Internet of Things (IoT) communication, the number of IoT device connections is increasing daily, leading to a stronger demand from the outside world for reduced cost and power consumption of IoT devices.

[0105] In fourth-generation (4G) mobile communication systems, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) introduced narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) systems. However, NB-IoT terminals require external power (batteries) and have the ability to generate local high-frequency local oscillator carriers, thus limiting their power consumption to milliwatt-level. But with the evolution and development of 5G IoT, the demand for supporting even lower-power terminals in 5G networks is increasing. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has provided technical parameters for low power consumption, enabling support for microwatt-level power consumption.

[0106] RFID technology is a non-contact automatic identification technology. RFID system communication includes a reader and a tag. The tag can also be called an RFID tag or an RFID terminal.

[0107] Tags can be categorized into passive tags, semi-passive tags, and active tags. For passive tags, the power for operation is provided by the reader. For example, a portion of the energy from the continuous wave (CW) transmitted by the reader is used for internal processing such as encoding / decoding and modulation / demodulation. Furthermore, this CW also serves as a carrier wave to carry the tag's uplink information. In other words, the tag's operational power and carrier wave are provided by the reader. For semi-passive tags, an internal battery may be included, and internal processing such as encoding / decoding and modulation / demodulation can be powered by the battery, but the reader's CW is still required as a carrier wave. That is, passive and semi-passive tags communicate based on a backscattered carrier wave. For example, ... Figure 1 As shown, after the reader sends a carrier wave, the tag modulates and reflects the carrier wave sent by the reader for transmission. Active tags have the ability to actively generate carrier waves.

[0108] The above classification of tags can be considered as a classification based on whether the tags are based on reflection-based communication. Alternatively, tags can be classified based on whether they have the ability to store energy, or a combination of communication methods and energy storage capabilities.

[0109] For example, tags can also be divided into microwatt-level power consumption tags and hundred-microwatt-level power consumption tags. Among them, microwatt-level power consumption tags have energy storage capabilities and an initial sampling frequency deviation of 10. X ppm, typically X=4 or 5, without amplifier, uplink transmission is based on reflection transmission using an externally provided carrier. Tag power consumption in the hundreds of microwatts range has energy storage capability, with an initial sampling frequency deviation of 10. X ppm, typically X=4 or 5, has an uplink amplifier or a downlink amplifier, or both. Uplink transmission can be initiated by the tag actively generating a carrier, or it can be based on reflection transmission using an external carrier. For example, downlink can refer to the transmission direction from the reader to the tag, and uplink can refer to the transmission direction from the tag to the reader.

[0110] Given the low power consumption advantage of RFID technology, 5G ambient IoT (AIoT) has emerged. To meet the ultra-low power consumption requirements, devices in ambient IoT also use low-precision, low-power mid-to-low frequency ring oscillators or completely oscillator-less receiving signals. This receiving method can further reduce the power consumption of downlink reception.

[0111] Currently, such as Figure 2As shown, the physical device-to-reader (D2R) channel (PDRCH) is the physical channel used for D2R transmission. The physical reader-to-device (R2D) channel (PRDCH) is the physical channel used for R2D transmission. For example, the PDRCH, or the information it carries, is obtained by adding, encoding, and modulating D2R information bits using cyclic redundancy check (CRC). Furthermore, a preamble can be sent with the PDRCH for sampling frequency offset (SFO) estimation and channel estimation.

[0112] Typically, a rough estimate of the SFO based on the preamble can reduce the SFO to 7%. However, a residual SFO still exists. When the data packets carried by the PDRCH, or transport blocks (TBs), are large (i.e., when the transport block size (TBS) is large), this residual SFO will accumulate time offset, which will severely impact the decoding performance of the PDRCH. In other words, when the TBS is large, relying solely on the preamble for SFO and channel estimation cannot guarantee the decoding performance of the PDRCH.

[0113] Based on this, this application provides a communication method in which the device can determine whether the transmitted sequence contains a preamble and a postamble based on the size of the transmission block / transmission duration and at least one threshold. For example, when the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is small, the sequence may include a preamble but not a preamble or postamble, thereby avoiding the occupation of time and frequency resources by the preamble and postamble and causing waste of time and frequency resources. When the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is large, the sequence may include a preamble, at least one preamble, and a postamble, enabling the receiver to achieve fine estimation of SFO and joint channel estimation based on the preamble, at least one preamble, and postamble, thereby improving the decoding performance of the receiver. When the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is in the middle range, the sequence may include a preamble and at least one preamble, or may include a preamble and a postamble, enabling the receiver to achieve fine estimation of SFO and joint channel estimation while minimizing the occupation of time and frequency resources. In other words, based on the solution of this application, the configuration of the preamble can be flexibly implemented based on the size of the transmission block / transmission duration.

[0114] The technical solution provided in this application can be used in various communication systems, including 3GPP communication systems such as 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, 5G NR systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) systems, LTE and NR hybrid networking systems, device-to-device (D2D) systems, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication systems, IoT, passive IoT (PIoT), and other future communication systems. Alternatively, the communication system can also be a non-3GPP communication system, such as a wireless local area network (WLAN), without limitation.

[0115] The communication systems described above that are applicable to this application are merely illustrative examples, and the application is not limited to these systems. This will be explained in detail here and will not be repeated below.

[0116] See Figure 3 This application provides an exemplary communication system. The communication system includes at least one first communication device and a second communication device.

[0117] As one possible implementation, the first communication device can serve as a tag, or it can be a device including a tag, or it can perform the functions of a tag. The implementation of the tag can be referred to the above description of tags in RFID technology, and will not be repeated here. For example, the first communication device can be in the form of a terminal or other forms, without limitation. The first communication device can also be called a terminal, IoT terminal, AIoT terminal, device, AIoT device, etc., and of course, the first communication device can have other names; this application does not specifically limit this.

[0118] As one possible implementation, the second communication device can be a reader / writer, or it can be a device that includes a reader / writer, or it can implement some or all of the functions of a reader / writer. The reader / writer can be a handheld or fixed device that reads (and sometimes writes) tag information, or it can be understood as a device that communicates with the tag or a device with read / write capabilities. For example, the second communication device can be in the form of an access network device (such as a base station), a terminal, a relay node, an intermediate node, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, an amplifier, etc., without limitation.

[0119] Optionally, the first communication device can be located within the coverage area provided by the second communication device. For example, when the second communication device is a base station and the first communication device is a terminal, the first and second communication devices can communicate via a Uu interface (also known as an air interface). When both the second and first communication devices are terminals, communication between the first and second communication devices can also utilize the Uu interface communication mechanism.

[0120] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown in (a), the second communication device can be a base station, the first communication device can be an AIoT device, and the first and second communication devices are connected via a Uu interface. Alternatively, as... Figure 4 As shown in (b), the second communication device can be an intermediate node, and the first communication device can be an AIoT device. The first and second communication devices are connected via a Uu interface, and the second communication device is then connected to the base station via a backhaul interface. The intermediate node can be an access network device or a terminal, without restriction.

[0121] As one possible implementation, the aforementioned terminal is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, also known as user equipment (UE), terminal equipment, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station (MS), remote station, remote terminal, mobile terminal (MT), user terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device, etc. The terminal can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as on ships); and it can also be deployed in the air (e.g., on airplanes, balloons, and satellites).

[0122] For example, the terminal may be a wireless terminal in an IoT, V2X, D2D, M2M, 5G network, or a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN). For example, a terminal can be a drone, an IoT device (e.g., a sensor, an electricity meter, a water meter, etc.), a V2X device, a station (STA) in a WLAN, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, a wearable device (also known as a wearable smart device), a tablet or a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical care, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, or a wireless terminal in a smart home. The terminal can be a wireless terminal in the home, an in-vehicle terminal, a vehicle with vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication capability, an intelligent connected vehicle, or a drone with drone-to-UAV (U2U) communication capability, etc. The terminal can be mobile or fixed; this application does not specifically limit its location.

[0123] In this embodiment, the device for implementing the terminal's functions can be a terminal itself; or it can be a device capable of supporting the terminal in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the terminal. The chip system can consist of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete components.

[0124] As one possible implementation, the access network device is a device that connects a terminal to a wireless network. It can be an evolved Node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE or evolved LTE system (LTE-Advanced, LTE-A), such as a traditional macro base station (eNB) or a micro base station (eNB) in a heterogeneous network scenario; or it can be a next-generation node B (gNodeB or gNB) in a 5G system; or it can be a transmission reception point (TRP); or it can be a base station in a future evolved PLMN; or it can be a broadband network gateway (BNG), aggregation switch, or non-3GPP access device; or it can be a radio controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN); or it can be an access point (AP) in a WiFi system; or it can be a wireless relay node or wireless backhaul node; or it can be a device that implements base station functions in IoT, V2X, D2D, or M2M. This application does not specifically limit this type of device. For example, the base station in the embodiments of this application may include various forms of base stations, such as macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small stations), relay stations, access points, etc., and the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit them.

[0125] As another possible implementation, multiple radio access network (RAN) nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes implementing certain functions of the access network equipment. For example, RAN nodes can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CU-control plane (CPs), CU-user plane (UPs), or radio units (RUs), etc. CUs and DUs can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio equipment or radio units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radioheads (RRHs).

[0126] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an open access network (open RAN, O-RAN, or ORAN) system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules.

[0127] For example, such as Figure 5 The diagram shown illustrates a possible, non-limiting O-RAN system. In this system, the CU, DU, and RU cooperate to assist the terminal in achieving radio access. The CU, DU, and RU can be included in the access network equipment, and the CU and DU can be included in the BBU of the access network equipment.

[0128] See Figure 5 Access network devices communicate with core network devices via backhaul links and with terminals via air interfaces. For example, core network devices may include core network elements for serving the first communication device, such as ambient IoT management function (AIOTMF) elements, access and mobility management function (AMF) elements, session management function (SMF) elements, user plane function (UPF) elements, etc.

[0129] Specifically, the CU communicates with core network equipment via the backhaul link, and the RU communicates with at least one terminal via the air interface. The DU communicates with at least one RU via the fronthaul link, and the CU communicates with at least one DU via the midhaul link. The BBU and RU can be co-located or not.

[0130] As one possible implementation, the CU and DU respectively implement some of the protocol layer functions of the access network device. For example, some protocol layer functions are implemented in the CU, and the remaining or all protocol layer functions are implemented in the DU. The CU can control one or more DUs.

[0131] For example, a CU can deploy the radio resource control (RRC) layer, the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, and the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer. In other words, the CU can be understood as a logical node carrying the RRC, SDAP, and PDCP layers of the access network equipment. Therefore, the CU has the processing capabilities of the RRC, PDCP, and SDAP layers. Of course, the CU can also implement or carry other control functions. Similarly, a DU can deploy the radio link control (RLC) layer, the media access control (MAC) layer, and the physical (PHY) layer. In other words, the DU can be understood as a logical node carrying the RLC, MAC, and PHY layers. Therefore, the DU has the processing capabilities of the RLC, MAC, and PHY layers. Of course, the DU can also implement or carry other functions.

[0132] Optionally, the CU connects to network nodes such as the core network through interfaces, which may be interfaces such as the N2 interface. Furthermore, the CU can also implement some core network functions. The CU (e.g., the PDCP layer and higher layers) connects to the DU (e.g., the RLC layer and lower layers) through interfaces, which may be interfaces such as the F1 interface. In some examples, these interfaces (e.g., the F1 interface) can provide control plane (C-Plane) and user plane (U-Plane) functions (e.g., interface management, system information management, UE context management, RRC message transmission, etc.). For example, F1 supports control plane functions through F1-C and user plane functions through F1-U.

[0133] In one example, the CU may include CU-CP and CU-UP. CU-CP can be understood as a logical node carrying the RRC layer and the PDCP control plane (PDCP control plane part of PDCP, PDCP-C), used to implement the CU's control plane functions. CU-CP can communicate with the DU via F1-C. CU-UP can be understood as a logical node carrying the SDAP layer and the PDCP user plane (PDCP user plane part of PDCP, PDCP-U), used to implement the CU's user plane functions. CU-UP can communicate with the DU via F1-U.

[0134] CU-CP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement control plane functions. These network elements can be access and mobility function network elements, such as the AMF network element in a 5G system. CU-UP can interact with network elements in the core network used to implement user plane functions. These network elements can be, for example, UPF network elements.

[0135] The functional division of CU and DU described above is merely an example and does not constitute a limitation on CU and DU. Furthermore, the functions of CU and DU can be configured as needed. For example, CU or DU can be configured as a node with more protocol layer functions, or as a node with partial protocol layer processing functions. For instance, some functions of the RLC layer and the protocol layer functions above the RLC layer can be placed in the CU, while the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the protocol layer functions below the RLC layer can be placed in the DU. As another example, the functions of CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements, such as by latency, placing functions that need to meet low latency requirements in the DU and functions that do not need to meet such latency requirements in the CU.

[0136] For example, in some examples, the CU may not carry the PDCP layer, i.e., it may only carry the RRC layer. CU-CP may not carry PDCP-C, CU-UP may not carry PDCP-U, or CU-UP may not exist at all. In other examples, the DU may not carry the RLC layer. Furthermore, there may be no CU and only the DU. Alternatively, in some examples, both the PDCP layer and the RLC layer may be carried in the CU, or both may be carried in the DU.

[0137] As one possible implementation, DU and RU can collaborate to implement the functionality of the PHY layer. For example, ... Figure 6 As shown, a DU can deploy the RLC layer, MAC layer, and higher physical layer (Higher PHY). An RU can deploy the lower physical layer (Lower PHY) and radio frequency (RF) processing functions. A DU can control at least one RU, and the DU and RU can communicate via a fronthaul interface. The DU and RU can be co-located or separate.

[0138] The higher physical layer is closer to the MAC layer, and its functions may include at least one of the following: forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding, scrambling / descrambling, modulation / demodulation, etc. The lower physical layer is closer to the mid-RF side, and its functions may include at least one of the following: fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), digital beamforming, and filtering, etc.

[0139] See Figure 6 The DU and RU exchange control plane and user plane information via a fronthaul link through a lower-layer split control user synchronization (LLS-CUS) interface. The LLS-CUS interface may include an LLS-C interface (providing the control plane C-Plane) and an LLS-U interface (providing the user plane U-Plane). Furthermore, the DU and RU exchange management information via a fronthaul link through an LLS-M interface, which provides the management plane (M-Plane). For example, the control plane C-Plane refers to real-time control between the DU and RU; the management plane M-Plane refers to non-real-time management operations between the DU and RU. The DU and RU communicate via the LLC-CUS interface in the O-RAN CUS plane and via the LLS-M interface in the O-RAN M plane.

[0140] The functional division of DU and RU described above is merely an example and does not constitute a limitation on DU and RU. The functions of DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, DU can be configured to implement baseband functions, and RU can be configured to implement radio frequency functions, etc.

[0141] As one possible implementation, the CU is a platform that performs upper-layer L2 and L3 functions. The midhaul and backhaul interfaces carry traffic between the CU and DU, as well as between the CU and the core network. The DU performs L1 and some L2 functions, while the RU performs L1 computation and RF digital functions; the fronthaul and midhaul interfaces carry traffic between the RU and DU, as well as between the CU and DU. An integrated DU includes the aforementioned DU and RU functions.

[0142] In terms of hardware, CU and DU can include a chassis platform, motherboard, peripherals, and cooling system. The motherboard contains processing units, memory, internal input / output (I / O) interfaces, and external connection ports. Its hardware accelerator design includes interfaces, and hardware functional components include: storage for software, hardware, and system debugging interfaces, and a single-board management controller. For example, the processing unit can include a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU).

[0143] like Figure 7 As shown, DU is typically implemented using a multi-core processor and one or more hardware accelerators. Parts of the DU protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the multi-core processor, while computationally intensive L1 and L2 functions can be offloaded to a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) / graphics processing unit (GPU)-based hardware accelerator; or all L1 functions can be offloaded to an FPGA / GPU-based hardware accelerator, while other protocol stack components are implemented in software running on the processor; or the entire protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the processor. The hardware accelerator supports interconnection with x86 or non-x86 processors. Similarly, the accelerator has a multi-channel peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) interface pointing to the CPU and external connections via gigabit Ethernet (GE) connectivity.

[0144] An RU may include an O-RAN processing unit (OPU), a digital processing unit (DPU), and an RF processing unit.

[0145] The OPU is used to receive Enhanced Common Public Radio Interface (eCPRI) frames from the O-RAN fronthaul and perform fronthaul interface, L1 layer (coding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, precoding), synchronization, beamforming, and resource unit mapping. The OPU can be implemented as a CPU, FPGA, or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0146] The DPU is used to perform synchronization, uplink (UL) digital downconversion (DDC), downlink (DL) digital upconversion (DUC), channel failure ratio (CFR), and digital pre-distortion (DPD) processing. It improves power amplifier efficiency by reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) / adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of the RF front-end. The DPU can be implemented as an FPGA or ASIC.

[0147] The RF processing unit includes a transceiver module, up / down converters, power amplifiers (PA), low-noise amplifiers (LNA), and Tx / Rx filters. Conversion between the analog and digital domains can be performed within the transceiver module. This conversion includes, but is not limited to: digital-to-analog converter (DAC), analog-to-digital converter (ADC), RF sampling, and frequency conversion using a mixture of RF, intermediate frequency (IF), and local oscillator (LO) during up-conversion and down-conversion. Optionally, the physical and logical partitions within the RF processing unit do not require specific boundaries; that is, it is not necessary to distinguish between physical and logical partitions.

[0148] As one possible implementation, the O-RAN system may also include a non-realtime ran intelligent controller (Non-RT RIC or NRT RIC) and / or a near-real time ran intelligent controller (Near-RT RIC or nRT RIC).

[0149] Non-RT RIC is used to implement non-real-time intelligent management of the RAN, enabling artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) operations including model training and updates, and guiding applications / functions within the Near-RT RIC based on policies. Near-RT RIC is used to implement near real-time intelligent management of the RAN, achieving near real-time control and optimization of O-RAN modules and resources through data collection and related operations on the E2 interface. The E2 interface can be understood as an open interface between two nodes (or endpoints).

[0150] All or part of the functions of the RAN node in this application can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). The RAN node in this application can also be a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the access network equipment.

[0151] It should be noted that the communication system described in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0152] The following is combined with Figure 3 The system shown describes the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application. It should be noted that the names of each message, each parameter, or each piece of information in the following embodiments of this application are merely examples, and may be other names in other embodiments. The method provided in this application is not specifically limited in this regard.

[0153] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, each device may perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of this application. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of this application may also perform other operations or variations thereof. Furthermore, the steps may be performed in different orders as presented in the embodiments of this application, and it is not necessary to perform all the operations in the embodiments of this application.

[0154] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the communication method may include the following steps:

[0155] S801, The first communication device determines the transmission block.

[0156] For example, the transmission block may be a transmission block that the first communication device intends to send to the second communication device. The first communication device may determine the corresponding transmission block based on the size of the transmission block. The size of the transmission block may be indicated by the second communication device to the first communication device, or it may be determined by the first communication device based on relevant parameters, and is not limited thereto.

[0157] S802, the first communication device sends the transmission block and sequence to the second communication device. Correspondingly, the second communication device receives the transmission block and sequence from the first communication device.

[0158] The sequence includes a preamble. Whether the sequence includes a midamble and a postamble is related to a first value and at least one threshold; in other words, whether the sequence includes a midamble and a postamble is determined based on the first value and at least one threshold.

[0159] The first value is either the size of the transport block or the transmission duration of the transport block. This at least one threshold may be defined by the protocol or indicated or configured by the second communication device, and is not limited thereto.

[0160] It should be noted that the transmission duration in the embodiments of this application can also be referred to as transmission time, and the two can be used interchangeably.

[0161] As one possible implementation, the transmission duration of a transport block is related to at least one of the following: the transport block size, code rate, code repetition count (R), or chip length. Alternatively, the transmission duration of a transport block is related to the number of chips and the chip length in the transport block. For example, the transmission duration of a transport block can satisfy the following relationship:

[0162] t TB =(TBS×R / coderate)×chip_length

[0163] Among them, t TB The transport block duration is represented by TBS, the transport block size by R, the code repetition count by coderate, and the chip length by chip_length. (TBS × R / coderate) represents the number of chips.

[0164] For example, with TBS=100, coderate=1 / 3, repetition count R=4, and chip length=13.3μs, the number of chips is TBS×R / coderate=1200, that is, there are 1200 chips in total. Each chip is 13.3μs long, so the transmission time of the transport block is 1200×13.3μs=15.96ms.

[0165] As one possible implementation, if the sequence includes a preamble, the preamble is placed before the transport block. If the sequence includes a postamble, the postamble is placed after the transport block.

[0166] When the sequence includes at least one intermediate cipher, any one of the intermediate ciphers is located between two portions of bits in the transmission block, and the two portions of bits before and after different intermediate ciphers are different; or, in other words, any two adjacent intermediate ciphers in the at least one intermediate cipher include portions of bits in the transmission block. For one of the intermediate ciphers in the at least one intermediate cipher, the intermediate cipher is located between the first portion of bits and the second portion of bits in the transmission block.

[0167] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the preamble is located before the transport block, and the postamble is located after the transport block. Taking a sequence containing three intermediate preambles as an example, the first intermediate preamble is located between the first and second part bits of the transport block, the second intermediate preamble is located between the second and third part bits of the transport block, and the third intermediate preamble is located between the third and fourth part bits of the transport block.

[0168] As one possible implementation, the first communication device can transmit the transport block via a first channel, or in other words, the transport block can be carried on the first channel. The first channel is the transmission channel from the first communication device to the second communication device; for example, the first channel is PDRCH. Of course, the first channel can also have other names, without limitation. Furthermore, in this scenario, the transmission duration of the transport block can also be understood as the transmission duration of the first channel.

[0169] S803, the second communication device transmits the sequence-decoded block.

[0170] For example, the second communication device can perform SFO estimation and channel estimation based on the sequence, and then decode the transport block based on the SFO and channel estimation results.

[0171] For example, when a transport block is carried on a first channel, decoding the transport block according to the sequence can also be understood as decoding the first channel according to the sequence.

[0172] The overall flow of the communication method provided in this application has been described above. The following section introduces the various types of precodes specifically included in the sequence. For example, the sequence may have the following four implementation methods:

[0173] Method 1: Whether the sequence includes a middle preamble and a post-preamble associated with a first value and at least one threshold, wherein the at least one threshold is at least one of a first threshold and a second threshold.

[0174] In one possible implementation, the first threshold and the second threshold can exist alone or be used alone, or they can be used in combination. For example, when the first threshold exists alone or is used alone, if the first value is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble.

[0175] When the second threshold exists alone or is used, if the first value is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble; if the first value is less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble.

[0176] When the first threshold and the second threshold are used together, if the first value is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or if the first value is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble; or if the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble.

[0177] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, the number of preambles is assumed to be 1. For example, if the sequence is a preamble, it means that the sequence has 1 preamble.

[0178] In this embodiment, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermezcode, and a postcode, which can be understood as: the sequence consists of a preamble, at least one intermezcode, and a postcode. A sequence consisting of a preamble and at least one intermezcode can be understood as: the sequence includes a preamble and at least one intermezcode, but does not include a postcode, or the sequence consists of a preamble and at least one intermezcode. A sequence consisting of a preamble and a postcode can be understood as: the sequence includes a preamble and a postcode, but does not include an intermezcode, or the sequence consists of a preamble and a postcode.

[0179] As one possible implementation, at least one of the first threshold and the second threshold may be predefined by the protocol or may be indicated by the second communication device. For example, the second communication device may send first information to the first communication device, which indicates at least one of the first threshold and the second threshold. Accordingly, the first communication device receives the first information from the second communication device and learns at least one of the first threshold and the second threshold.

[0180] In one possible implementation, the second threshold is greater than the first threshold. Furthermore, the first threshold corresponding to the first value being the size of the transport block is different from the first threshold corresponding to the first value being the transmission duration of the transport block; the second threshold corresponding to the first value being the size of the transport block is different from the second threshold corresponding to the first value being the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0181] In one possible implementation, when the first value is the size of the transport block, the first threshold can be denoted as Z1, and the second threshold can be denoted as Z2. The first threshold Z1 can be understood as the maximum transport block size in D2R transmission where no intro and posttromote need to be sent, and the second threshold Z2 can be understood as the minimum transport block size in D2R transmission where both intro and posttromote need to be sent.

[0182] For example, if the first value is the size of the transport block, such as Figure 10 As shown, the transport block size can be divided into three ranges by the first threshold Z1 and the second threshold Z2. In the range [0, Z1], the sequence is a preamble. In the range (Z1, Z2), the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. In the range [Z2, ∞), the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble.

[0183] As one possible implementation, when the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, whether the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code or a preamble and a postamble can be predefined or preconfigured by the protocol to a default sequence form. For example, the default sequence in this case is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the default sequence in this case is a preamble and a postamble.

[0184] For example, with Z1 = 50 bits and Z2 = 100 bits, and the predefined / default sequence within the range (Z1, Z2) is a preamble and at least one intermembrane, then when the size of the transport block is 96 bits, 50 < the size of the transport block < 100, and the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermembrane.

[0185] As another possible implementation, when the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, whether the sequence is specifically a preamble and at least one midamble, or a preamble and a postamble, can be indicated by the second communication device. For example, the second communication device can send second information to the first communication device. When the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information indicates that the sequence is a preamble and at least one midamble; or, when the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information indicates that the sequence includes a preamble and a postamble.

[0186] Exemplarily, the second information can be carried in a flag field. For example, when the flag field is set to 1 (or 0), it indicates that when the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one midamble; or, when the flag field is set to 0 (or 1), it indicates that when the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble and a postamble.

[0187] For example, taking Z1 = 50bit and Z2 = 100bit as an example, when the size of the transport block is 96bit and flag = 1, the sequence is a preamble and at least one midamble; when the size of the transport block is 96bit and flag = 0, the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. In addition, for the case where the size of the transport block is 400bit, the size of the transport block > Z2 = 100, then the sequence is a preamble, at least one midamble and a postamble; for the case where the size of the transport block is 20bit, the size of the transport block < Z1 = 50, then the sequence is a preamble.

[0188] In another possible implementation manner, when the first value is the transmission duration of the transport block, the first threshold can be denoted as W1, and the second threshold can be denoted as W2. The first threshold W1 can be understood as the maximum transmission duration in D2R transmission without sending midambles and postambles, and the second threshold W2 can be understood as the minimum transmission duration in D2R transmission that requires sending midambles and postambles.

[0189] Exemplarily, when the first value is the transmission duration of the transport block, as Figure 11 shown, the transmission duration can be divided into three ranges by the first threshold W1 and the second threshold W2. Within the range [0, W1], the sequence is a preamble. Within the range (W1, W2), the sequence is a preamble and at least one midamble, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Within the range [W2, ∞), the sequence is a preamble, at least one midamble and a postamble.

[0190] As one possible implementation, when the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, whether the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code or a preamble and a postamble can be predefined or preconfigured by the protocol to a default sequence form. For example, the default sequence in this case is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the default sequence in this case is a preamble and a postamble.

[0191] For example, with W1 = 10ms, Z2 = 50ms, and the predefined / default sequence within the range (W1, W2) being a preamble and at least one intermezzo, then with TBS = 100, coderate = 1 / 3, repetition count R = 4, and chip length = 13.3μs, the number of chips is TBS × R / coderate = 1200, the length of each chip is 13.3μs, and the transmission duration of the transport block is 1200 × 13.3μs = 15.96ms. That is, 10 < transmission duration of the transport block < 50, so the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermezzo.

[0192] As another possible implementation, the second communication device can send second information to the first communication device. If the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information can indicate that the sequence is a preamble and at least one introductory code, or it can indicate that the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Please refer to the above description of the second information, which will not be repeated here.

[0193] For example, with W1 = 10ms, Z2 = 50ms, and flag = 1 indicating that the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermolecular code, and flag = 0 indicating that the sequence is a preamble and a postamble, for the case of TBS = 100, coderate = 1 / 3, repetition count R = 4, and chip length = 13.3μs, the transmission duration of the transport block is 15.96ms. If flag = 1, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermolecular code; if flag = 0, the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Furthermore, for the case of TBS = 400, coderate = 1 / 3, repetition count R = 4, and chip length = 13.3μs, the transmission duration of the transport block is 400 × 4 / (1 / 3) × 13.3μs = 63.84ms. This transmission duration is greater than W2, so the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermolecular code, and a postamble.

[0194] In the first method described above, when the first value is the size of the transport block, the range of transport block sizes divided by the first threshold Z1 and the second threshold Z2 is [0,Z1], (Z1,Z2), and [Z2,∞) as an example. Furthermore, the endpoints of this range can also be in other ways. For example, the range of transport block sizes divided by Z1 and Z2 can be [0,Z1), [Z1,Z2), and [Z2,∞), or [0,Z1), [Z1,Z2], and (Z2,∞), or [0,Z1], (Z1,Z2], and (Z2,∞), etc.

[0195] At this time, the form of the sequence also changes accordingly. For example, if the range of the transport block size is [0, Z1), [Z1, Z2), [Z2, ∞), if the first value is less than the first threshold Z1, the sequence is a preamble; if the first value is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble; if the first value is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble.

[0196] Furthermore, when the first value is the transmission duration of the transmission block, the range of transmission duration divided by the first threshold W1 and the second threshold W2 can also be in other ways. Accordingly, the form of the sequence changes. Please refer to the relevant explanation when the first value is the size of the transmission block, which will not be repeated here.

[0197] Method 2: Whether the sequence includes a middle preamble and a post-preamble is related to the first value and the first threshold.

[0198] Wherein, if the first value is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble.

[0199] In other words, the transport block size or transport duration can be divided into two ranges by using a first threshold. Within the range greater than the first threshold, the sequence may have three implementations.

[0200] As one possible implementation, when the first value is greater than the first threshold, the specific form of the sequence can be predefined by the protocol or indicated by the second communication device, as can be found in the relevant description in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0201] As one possible implementation, the first threshold corresponding to the first value being the size of the transport block is different from the first threshold corresponding to the first value being the transmission duration of the transport block. Furthermore, the value of the first threshold in Method 2 can be different from or the same as the value of the first threshold in Method 1, without restriction.

[0202] Method 3: Whether the sequence includes a middle preamble and a post-preamble is related to the first value and the first threshold.

[0203] Wherein, if the first value is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble.

[0204] In other words, the transport block size or transport duration can be divided into two ranges by using a first threshold. Within the range that is greater than the first threshold, the sequence may have two implementations.

[0205] As one possible implementation, when the first value is greater than the first threshold, the specific form of the sequence can be predefined by the protocol or indicated by the second communication device, as can be found in the relevant description in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0206] As one possible implementation, the first threshold corresponding to the first value being the size of the transport block is different from the first threshold corresponding to the first value being the transmission duration of the transport block. Furthermore, the value of the first threshold in Method 3 can be different from or the same as the value of the first threshold in Method 1 / Method 2, without restriction.

[0207] Method 4: Whether the sequence includes a middle preamble and a post-preamble is related to the first value and the first threshold.

[0208] Wherein, if the first value is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and a postamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code.

[0209] In other words, the transport block size or transport duration can be divided into two ranges by using a first threshold. Within the range that is greater than the first threshold, the sequence may have two implementations.

[0210] As one possible implementation, when the first value is greater than the first threshold, the specific form of the sequence can be predefined by the protocol or indicated by the second communication device, as can be found in the relevant description in Method 1 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0211] As one possible implementation, the first threshold corresponding to the first value being the size of the transport block is different from the first threshold corresponding to the first value being the transmission duration of the transport block. Furthermore, the value of the first threshold in Method 4 can be different from or the same as the value of the first threshold in Method 1 / Method 2 / Method 3, and there are no restrictions.

[0212] In methods two through four above, when the first value is the size of the transport block, the range of transport block sizes divided by the first threshold Z1 is [0, Z1] or (Z1, ∞) as examples. Furthermore, the endpoints of this range can also be in other ways; for example, the range of transport block sizes divided by Z1 can be [0, Z1) or [Z1, ∞). In this case, the form of the sequence also changes accordingly; please refer to the relevant explanation in method one above, which will not be repeated here.

[0213] Based on the above scheme, the first communication device can determine whether the transmitted sequence contains a preamble and a postamble based on the size of the transmission block / transmission duration and at least one threshold. For example, when the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is small, the sequence may include a preamble but not a preamble or postamble. This can ensure decoding accuracy while avoiding the occupation of time and frequency resources by the preamble and postamble, thus preventing waste of time and frequency resources. When the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is large, the sequence may include a preamble, at least one preamble, and a postamble, enabling the receiver to perform fine estimation of SFO and joint channel estimation based on the preamble, at least one preamble, and postamble, thereby improving the decoding performance of the receiver. When the size of the transmission block / transmission duration is in the middle range, the sequence may include a preamble and at least one preamble, or may include a preamble and a postamble, enabling the receiver to perform fine estimation of SFO and joint channel estimation while minimizing the occupation of time and frequency resources. In other words, based on the scheme of this application, the configuration of the preamble can be flexibly implemented based on the size of the transmission block / transmission duration.

[0214] The following describes the implementation or configuration of at least one intermediate code when the sequence transmitted by the first communication device includes at least one intermediate code.

[0215] In one possible implementation, the intermediate preamble can be inserted into the transport block according to the number of bits. For example, an intermediate preamble can be inserted every A bits in the transport block. Then, the first intermediate preamble is separated from the preamble by A bits, and any two adjacent intermediate preambles are separated by A bits.

[0216] For example, taking A=50 and the transport block size as 200 bits, such as Figure 12 As shown, the preamble is located before the transport block. The first intermediate preamble is separated from the preamble by the first 50 bits of the transport block, the second intermediate preamble is separated from the first intermediate preamble by bits 51-100 of the transport block, and the third intermediate preamble is separated from the second intermediate preamble by bits 101-150 of the transport block. Optionally, a postamble is also included after the transport block.

[0217] As one possible implementation, A can be predefined in the protocol, or it can be configured or indicated by the second communication device. For example, the second communication device can send third information to the first communication device, and correspondingly, the first communication device receives the third information from the second communication device. This third information can indicate the aforementioned A. Exemplarily, the third information can include the value of A. By indicating the aforementioned A, the second communication device can also implicitly indicate at least one of the following: an A-bit interval between the first introductory code and the preamble, or an A-bit interval between any two adjacent introductory codes.

[0218] For example, when the sequence includes a single intermediate code, the second communication device may indicate an interval of A bits between the first intermediate code (i.e., the single intermediate code) and the preamble. When the sequence includes multiple intermediate codes, the second communication device may indicate an interval of A bits between the first intermediate code and the preamble, and an interval of A bits between any two adjacent intermediate codes.

[0219] In another possible implementation, the intermediate preamble can be inserted into the transport block according to the transmission duration. For example, an intermediate preamble can be inserted every B duration in the transport block. Then, the interval between the first intermediate preamble and the preamble is B duration, and the interval between any two adjacent intermediate preambles is B duration. The unit of B duration can be ms, μs, or other values, and is not limited.

[0220] As one possible implementation, the duration B can be predefined by the protocol, or it can be indicated or configured by the second communication device. For example, the second communication device can send third information to the first communication device, and correspondingly, the first communication device receives the third information from the second communication device. This third information can indicate the aforementioned B. For example, the third information can include the value of B. By indicating the aforementioned B, the second communication device can also implicitly indicate at least one of the following: the interval B between the first intermediate code and the preamble, or the interval B between any two adjacent intermediate codes. Refer to the relevant description when intermediate codes are inserted into the transport block according to the number of bits, which will not be repeated here.

[0221] For example, the A bit or B duration indicated by the third information above can be understood as the first insertion interval. This first insertion interval can be the interval between the preamble and the first intermembrane, and / or, it can be the interval between any two intermembrane.

[0222] In one possible implementation, the second communication device may indicate the insertion pattern of the intermediate preamble to the first communication device. For example, the second communication device may send a fourth message to the first communication device, and correspondingly, the first communication device receives the fourth message from the second communication device. The fourth message indicates a first pattern used to indicate or determine the position of at least one intermediate preamble in the transport block, which, for example, can be understood as the insertion position of the intermediate preamble in the transport block.

[0223] As one possible implementation, in the case of multiple intermediate preambles, the first pattern is one of the following: the first intermediate preamble is spaced A bits apart from the preamble, and any two adjacent intermediate preambles are spaced A bits apart (which can be understood as insertion according to the number of bits); or, the first intermediate preamble is spaced B time apart from the preamble, and any two adjacent intermediate preambles are spaced B time apart (which can be understood as insertion according to the transmission duration).

[0224] As another possible implementation, in the case of an intermediate code, the first pattern is one of the following: the first intermediate code is spaced A bits apart from the preamble (which can be understood as being inserted according to the number of bits); or, the first intermediate code is spaced B times apart from the preamble (which can be understood as being inserted according to the transmission duration).

[0225] In other words, the fourth information can be considered as indicating whether the mid-prefix is ​​inserted according to bits or according to transmission duration. For example, the fourth information can be carried in the mid-pattern field. When the mid-pattern field is 0, it indicates that the mid-prefix is ​​inserted according to bits; or, when the mid-pattern field is 1, it indicates that the mid-prefix is ​​inserted according to transmission duration.

[0226] As one possible implementation, A can be predefined or indicated by a second communication device, such as the second communication device indicating A via the third information; or, A can be associated with the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble, for example, Where TBS represents the size of the transport block, and L represents the number of intermezzos included in at least one intermezzo. This means rounding x down. This means rounding x up, for example The implementation of the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code will be described in subsequent embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0227] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the "size of the transport block" may include the size of the CRC code (i.e., the number of bits), or it may not include the size of the CRC code. When the size of the transport block does not include the size of the CRC code, the "size of the transport block" in the embodiments of this application can be replaced with "size of the transport block + size of the CRC code". Here, the CRC code can refer to the CRC code added to the transport block.

[0228] If "transport block size" can be replaced with "transport block size + CRC code size", for example, the above for A can satisfy... Where Sc represents the size of the CRC code. Other descriptions involving "transport block size" in this application can be similarly replaced with "transport block size + CRC code size", which will not be elaborated further hereafter.

[0229] For example, given the various implementations of the value of A, the specific implementation used can be indicated by the second communication device. For instance, the second communication device can send fifth information to the first communication device. Correspondingly, the first communication device receives the fifth information from the second communication device. The fifth information indicates the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble associated with A, or indicates that A is configured. "A is configured" can be understood as A being predefined or A being indicated by the second communication device.

[0230] For example, the fifth information can be implemented with 1 bit. For instance, when the bit is set to 1, it indicates the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code, so the first communication device can determine A based on the number of intermediate codes; or, when the bit is set to 0, it indicates that A is configured, so the first communication device can use a predefined A or use the A indicated by the third information by the second communication device.

[0231] For example, the fourth and fifth information can be carried in the same field (denoted as the first field). For instance, the first field includes two bits, with the first bit carrying the fourth information and the second bit carrying the fifth information. For example, when the value of the first field is 01, it indicates that the first pattern inserts an intermediate lead every A bits, and A is associated with the number of intermediate leads included in at least one intermediate lead; or, when the value of the first field is 00, it indicates that the first pattern inserts an intermediate lead every A bits, and A is configured.

[0232] As another possible implementation, B can be predefined or indicated by a second communication device, such as the second communication device indicating B via the aforementioned third information; or, B can be associated with the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble, for example... Among them, t TBThe transmission duration of the transport block is indicated, and L represents the number of intermezzos included in at least one intermezzo. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding x up.

[0233] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, "transmission duration of the transport block" may include the transmission duration of the CRC code, or it may not include the transmission duration of the CRC code. If the transmission duration of the transport block does not include the transmission duration of the CRC code, then "transmission duration of the transport block" in the embodiments of this application can be replaced with "transmission duration of the transport block + transmission duration of the CRC code". Here, the CRC code can refer to the CRC code added to the transport block.

[0234] If "transmission duration of the transport block" can be replaced with "transmission duration of the transport block + transmission duration of the CRC code", then, for example, the above for B can satisfy... Among them, t CRC This indicates the transmission duration of the CRC code. Other descriptions in this application involving "transmission duration of the transport block" can be similarly replaced with "transmission duration of the transport block + transmission duration of the CRC code," and will not be elaborated further below.

[0235] For example, given the aforementioned implementations of the value of B, the specific implementation used can be indicated by the second communication device. For instance, the second communication device can send fifth information to the first communication device. Correspondingly, the first communication device receives the fifth information from the second communication device. The fifth information indicates the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble associated with B, or indicates that B is configured. "B is configured" can be understood as B being predefined or B being indicated by the second communication device. Refer to the relevant explanations regarding the value of A above; they will not be repeated here.

[0236] For example, when the fourth and fifth information are carried in a first field, which includes two bits, with the first bit carrying the fourth information and the second bit carrying the fifth information, a value of 10 for the first field can indicate that the first pattern inserts an intermediate code every interval B, and B is configured; or, a value of 11 for the first field can indicate that the first pattern inserts an intermediate code every interval B, and B is associated with the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code.

[0237] Understandably, when the fourth information indicates the first pattern is inserted according to bit insertion, the corresponding implementation of the fifth information indicates A; when the fourth information indicates the first pattern is inserted according to transmission duration, the corresponding implementation of the fifth information indicates B.

[0238] As one possible implementation, the first pattern described above can also be predefined by the protocol. In this case, the second communication device may indicate the first pattern to the first communication device, or it may not indicate the first pattern.

[0239] In one possible implementation, the second communication device may indicate the number of preambles to the first communication device. For example, the second communication device may send a sixth message to the first communication device, and correspondingly, the first communication device receives the sixth message from the second communication device.

[0240] As one possible implementation, the sixth information may explicitly indicate the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code, such as the sixth information including the number L of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code.

[0241] As another possible implementation, the sixth information can implicitly indicate the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble. For example, the sixth information can indicate / configure a second value or a third value. Here, the second value is the number of bits, and the third value is the duration. The second and third values ​​are associated with the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble; in other words, the second and third values ​​are used to determine the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble.

[0242] For example, the number of intermediate codes and the second value of at least one intermediate code satisfy one of the following relationships:

[0243]

[0244] Where L represents the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble. TBS represents the transport block size, and mid_inter1 represents the second value. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding x up.

[0245] For example, the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code and the third value satisfy one of the following relationships:

[0246]

[0247] Where L represents the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble. t TB This indicates the transmission duration of the transport block, and mid_inter2 represents the third value. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding x up.

[0248] For example, if the sixth information indicates a second or third value, the second communication device may also send additional indication information indicating whether the sixth information indicates a second or third value, or whether L is determined based on the size of the transport block or the transmission duration of the transport block. If L is determined based on the size of the transport block, the sixth information indicates a second value; if L is determined based on the transmission duration of the transport block, the sixth information indicates a third value.

[0249] For example, the second value can be determined based on the maximum number of bits with a block error rate (BLER) less than 1%. Since the number L of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble can be determined based on the second value, and L intermediate preambles can divide the transport block into L+1 segments, the (l+1)th segment of the transport block can be decoded based on the l-th intermediate preamble, where l = 1, 2, ..., L. When the second value is determined based on the maximum number of bits with a BLER less than 1%, it can be guaranteed that each segment of the transport block has a certain bit error rate performance, thereby ensuring the overall bit error rate performance of the transport block.

[0250] In the above description, the first pattern is characterized by an A-bit interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble, and an A-bit interval between any two adjacent intermediate codes. A may have one of the following two cases: Case 1: A is predefined or directly indicated by the second communication device (e.g., the value of A is carried by third information). Case 2: A is associated with at least one intermediate code containing a number L of intermediate codes, and the number L of intermediate codes in at least one intermediate code is associated with a second numerical value.

[0251] As one possible implementation, even if the second value is equal to A in case 2 above, the position of at least one intermediate code inserted in cases 1 and 2 may be different.

[0252] For example, such as Figure 13 As shown, in case 1 above, it is guaranteed that there is an A-bit interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble, and an A-bit interval between any two adjacent intermediate codes. In case 2 above, the second value is only used to determine the number L of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code. For example, if the second value is equal to A, After determining the number L of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble, it is also necessary to determine the interval between the intermediate preambles based on L, such as the interval being... Or for After this calculation process, the interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble, as well as between any two adjacent intermediate codes, is not necessarily the value A in case 1.

[0253] Similarly, if B is predefined or directly indicated by the second communication device (such as the value of B being carried by the third information), and if B is associated with at least one intermediate code including the number L of intermediate codes, and L is associated with a third value, the position of at least one intermediate code inserted in the transmission block may also be different, as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0254] In one possible implementation, when there are multiple intermediate ciphers, or when the number L of intermediate ciphers included in at least one intermediate cipher is greater than 1, the number of bits of the multiple intermediate ciphers may be the same or different, such as at least two intermediate ciphers with different number of bits among the multiple intermediate ciphers; or, the transmission duration of the multiple intermediate ciphers may be the same or different, such as at least two intermediate ciphers with different transmission durations among the multiple intermediate ciphers.

[0255] Based on this implementation, when there are at least two intermediate preambles with different bit counts / transmission durations among multiple intermediate preambles, the bit count / transmission duration of each intermediate preamble can be flexibly configured. For example, in the absence of a post-preamble, the bit count / transmission duration of the last intermediate preamble can be configured to be greater than that of the other intermediate preambles. This allows for accurate decoding of the last segment of the transmission block based on the longer last intermediate preamble, aligning the decoding performance of each segment of the transmission block and thus ensuring overall decoding performance.

[0256] As one possible implementation, the second communication device can send indication information to the first communication device, which can indicate whether the lengths of multiple intermediate codes are the same. For example, this indication information can be implemented with 1 bit, where setting the bit to 0 indicates that the lengths of the multiple intermediate codes are the same, and setting the bit to 1 indicates that the lengths of the multiple intermediate codes are different.

[0257] As one possible implementation, when multiple intermediate preambles have the same length, the second communication device can also send a seventh message to the first communication device. This seventh message indicates the number of bits or transmission duration of the multiple intermediate preambles. Correspondingly, the first communication device receives the seventh message from the second communication device and obtains the number of bits or transmission duration of the multiple intermediate preambles.

[0258] As an example, the seventh information can indicate the number of bits in the intermediate code. For instance, if the seventh information indicates 12 bits, it means that each of the multiple intermediate codes has 12 bits.

[0259] As another example, the seventh information can indicate the transmission duration of the intermediate cipher. For instance, if the seventh information indicates 8ms, it means that the transmission duration of each intermediate cipher in multiple intermediate ciphers is 8ms. Furthermore, the number of bits in the intermediate cipher can be determined based on transmission duration, code rate, number of encoding repetitions, chip length, etc.

[0260] As another example, the seventh information could indicate that the number of bits in each of the multiple intermediate codes is z1 times the number of bits in the preamble, where z1 is a positive number. For example, z1 = 1 indicates that the number of bits in the intermediate code is the same as the number of bits in the preamble, and z1 = 1 / 3 indicates that the number of bits in the intermediate code is 1 / 3 of the number of bits in the preamble.

[0261] As another example, the seventh information could indicate that the transmission duration of each of the multiple intermediate codes is z2 times the transmission duration of the preamble, where z2 is a positive number. For example, z2 = 1 indicates that the transmission duration of the intermediate code is the same as that of the preamble, and z1 = 1 / 3 indicates that the transmission duration of the intermediate code is 1 / 3 of the transmission duration of the preamble.

[0262] As another example, the preamble may include at least two parts; for example, the preamble may consist of part 1 and part 2. In this scenario, the seventh information may indicate that the number of bits in each of the multiple intermediate preambles is z3 times the number of bits in the first part of the preamble, where the first part is any one of the at least two parts of the preamble (e.g., the first part can be part 1 or part 2 as described above), and z3 is a positive number. For example, the seventh information may include the index of the first part and the value of z3.

[0263] As another example, the seventh information could indicate that the transmission duration of each of the multiple intermediate codes is z4 times the transmission duration of the first part of the preamble, where z4 is a positive number. For example, the seventh information could include the index of the first part and the value of z4. The implementation of the preamble and its first part can be found in the previous example and will not be repeated here.

[0264] As another possible implementation, when the lengths of the multiple intermediate codes are different, the second communication device can also send an eighth message to the first communication device, which is used to indicate the number of bits or the transmission duration of each intermediate code among the multiple intermediate codes.

[0265] As an example, taking the eighth information indicating the number of bits in the intermediate code as an example, assuming that the number of intermediate codes is at most N, and the number of bits in the intermediate code has M possible values, then the eighth information can be carried by N×log2M bits. Specifically, the first log2M bits of these N×M bits can be used to indicate the number of bits in the first intermediate code, the log2M+1 to the 2log2M bits can be used to indicate the number of bits in the second intermediate code, and so on, with the last log2M bits used to indicate the number of bits in the final intermediate code.

[0266] For example, with N=3 and M=4, the number of bits for each intermediate cipher can be indicated using 3×log24=6 bits. The first two bits indicate the number of bits for the first intermediate cipher, the middle two bits indicate the number of bits for the second intermediate cipher, and the last two bits indicate the number of bits for the third intermediate cipher. Taking four configurable intermediate cipher bit counts of 8 bits, 12 bits, 16 bits, and 18 bits, indicated by 00, 01, 10, and 11 respectively, if this field is set to 001110, then the first two bits are 00, indicating the first length (8 bits), the middle two bits are 11, indicating the fourth length (18 bits), and the last two bits are 10, indicating the third length (16 bits). Therefore, the lengths of the three intermediate ciphers are 8 bits, 18 bits, and 16 bits respectively.

[0267] Optionally, in this example, if the actual number of intermediate preambles carried in the sequence is less than N, some bits in the N×log2M bits can be predefined, preconfigured, or defaulted to not carry information. For example, if N=3 and the actual number of intermediate preambles L=2, the first two bits can be predefined, preconfigured, or defaulted to not carry information. For example, if the field is 001110, and the first two bits are predefined, preconfigured, or defaulted to not carry information, then the middle two bits can indicate that the first intermediate preamble has 18 bits, and the last two bits can indicate that the second intermediate preamble has 16 bits.

[0268] Alternatively, if both the first and second communication devices know the number L (L≤N) of intermediate preambles, the eighth information can be carried in L×log2M bits. For example, with N=3, the actual number of intermediate preambles L=2, and the number of bits in the intermediate preamble having 4 possible values, the eighth information can be carried in 2×log24=4 bits, where the first two bits indicate the number of bits in the first intermediate preamble, and the last two bits indicate the number of bits in the second intermediate preamble.

[0269] The implementation of the transmission duration of the preamble in the eighth information indication can be found in the relevant description of the implementation of the number of bits of the preamble in the eighth information indication, and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, the above explanation only uses the maximum number of preambles as 3 and the number of bits of the preamble as an example with 4 possible values. The maximum number of preambles and the possible values ​​of the number of bits of the preamble can also be implemented in other ways, and this application does not impose specific limitations on them.

[0270] In the above scheme, whether the sequence includes a preamble and a postamble is determined based on a first numerical value and at least one threshold. Furthermore, this application also provides a method in which a first communication device sends a transport block and a sequence, the sequence including a preamble, to a second communication device, and whether the sequence includes a preamble can be indicated by the second communication device.

[0271] In one possible implementation, the second communication device can send first indication information to the first communication device, and correspondingly, the first communication device receives the first indication information from the second communication device. The first indication information indicates whether the indication sequence includes an intermediate preamble, or in other words, whether an intermediate preamble exists in the indication sequence, or whether an intermediate preamble needs to be inserted into the indication sequence.

[0272] For example, the second communication device may send first indication information to the first communication device before step S802. If the first indication information indicates that the sequence includes an intermediate code, then in step S802, the sequence sent by the first communication device includes an intermediate code; if the first indication information indicates that the sequence does not include an intermediate code, then in step S802, the sequence sent by the first communication device does not include an intermediate code.

[0273] As one possible implementation, if a mid-lead code is present in the sequence indicated by the first indication information, the number of mid-lead codes included in the sequence can be indicated by the second communication device. For example, the second communication device may indicate the number of mid-lead codes to the first communication device through the sixth information. Please refer to the above description of the sixth information, which will not be repeated here.

[0274] In one possible implementation, the second communication device can send a second indication message to the first communication device, indicating whether to place or insert an intermediate preamble at the end of the transmission block, or in other words, whether to place or insert an intermediate preamble at the end of the transmission block. Correspondingly, after receiving the second indication message, the first communication device can determine the position of the intermediate preamble in the sequence based on the second indication message. This will be explained below using cases one and two.

[0275] Case 1: The second indication information indicates that a middle preamble should be placed or inserted at the end of the transport block.

[0276] As one possible implementation, in this case, the number of intermediate preambles in the sequence can be indicated by the second communication device, such as by the second communication device explicitly or implicitly indicating the number of intermediate preambles to the first communication device via a sixth message.

[0277] In cases where the second communication device implicitly indicates the number of intermediate codes in the sequence, i.e., the sixth information can indicate / configure a second or third value, for example, the number of intermediate codes and the second value in the sequence satisfy one of the following relationships:

[0278]

[0279] Where L represents the number of intermoleculars in the sequence. TBS represents the size of the transport block, and mid_inter1 represents the second value. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding x up.

[0280] For example, the number of intermediate precodes and the third value in the sequence satisfy one of the following relationships:

[0281]

[0282]

[0283] Where L represents the number of intermediate predicates included in the sequence. t TB This indicates the transmission duration of the transport block, and mid_inter2 represents the third value. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding x up.

[0284] As one possible implementation, in this case, the insertion interval can be predefined (e.g., protocol predefined) or indicated by the second communication device. For example, the second communication device indicates A via the aforementioned third information; or, A can be associated with the number of middle preambles in the sequence, for example, For example, the second communication device indicates B through the aforementioned third information; or, B can be associated with the number of intermediate preambles in the sequence, for example, Where TBS represents the size of the transport block, L represents the number of intermolecular preambles in the sequence, and t TB Indicates the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0285] For example, the insertion interval in the embodiments of this application can be understood as the interval between the preamble and the first intermembrane, and / or the interval between the two intermembrane.

[0286] As one possible implementation, if the second communication device indicates the duration of bit A or duration B through third information, the third information may include the value of A or B; or, a first interval set or a second interval set may be predefined, the first interval set including one or more values ​​of A, and the second interval set including one or more values ​​of B. In this case, the third information may include the index of the value of A in the first interval set, or include the index of the value of B in the second interval set.

[0287] For example, the first interval set and the second interval set can be two different interval sets, or they can be the same interval set, without restriction.

[0288] Case 2: The second indication information indicates that no intro code is placed or inserted at the end of the transport block.

[0289] As one possible implementation, in this second case, the number of intermediate preambles in the sequence can be indicated by the second communication device, such as by the second communication device explicitly or implicitly indicating the number of intermediate preambles to the first communication device through the sixth information.

[0290] In cases where the second communication device implicitly indicates the number of intermediate codes in the sequence, i.e., the sixth information can indicate / configure a second or third value, for example, the number of intermediate codes and the second value in the sequence satisfy one of the following relationships:

[0291]

[0292] Where L represents the number of intermoleculars in the sequence. TBS represents the size of the transport block, and mid_inter1 represents the second value. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding x up.

[0293] For example, the number of intermediate precodes and the third value in the sequence satisfy one of the following relationships:

[0294]

[0295] Where L represents the number of intermediate predicates included in the sequence. t TB This indicates the transmission duration of the transport block, and mid_inter2 represents the third value. This means rounding x down. This indicates rounding x up.

[0296] As one possible implementation, in this second scenario, the insertion interval can be predefined (e.g., protocol predefined) or indicated by the second communication device. For example, the second communication device indicates A via the aforementioned third information; or, A can be associated with the number of middle preambles in the sequence, for example, For example, the second communication device indicates B through the aforementioned third information; or, B can be associated with the number of intermediate preambles in the sequence, for example, Where TBS represents the size of the transport block, L represents the number of intermolecular preambles in the sequence, and t TB Indicates the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0297] As one possible implementation, if the second communication device indicates the duration of bit A or duration B through third information, the third information may include the value of A or B; or, a third interval set or a fourth interval set may be predefined, the third interval set including one or more values ​​of A, and the fourth interval set including one or more values ​​of B. In this case, the third information may include the index of the value of A in the first interval set, or include the index of the value of B in the second interval set.

[0298] For example, the third interval set and the fourth interval set can be two different interval sets, or they can be the same interval set, without limitation. In addition, the third interval set and the first interval set can be the same or different, the fourth interval set and the second interval can be the same or different, or the first interval set, the second interval set, the third interval set and the fourth interval can be the same interval set, without limitation.

[0299] As one possible implementation, the value of A when an introductory is placed or inserted at the end of the transport block (denoted as the first value of A) is greater than the value of A when an introductory is not placed or inserted after the transport block (denoted as the second value of A), that is, the first value of A is greater than the second value of A. Similarly, the value of B when an introductory is placed or inserted at the end of the transport block (denoted as the first value of A) is greater than the value of B when an introductory is not placed or inserted after the transport block (denoted as the second value of A), that is, the first value of B is greater than the second value of B.

[0300] In one possible implementation, if the number of indices in the sequence is 1, the indices are located at the end of the transport block. For example, the protocol may predefine this rule, or the second communication device may send a third indication to the first communication device, indicating that if the number of indices is 1, the indices are located at the end of the transport block.

[0301] For example, in this scenario, if the second communication device also sends a second instruction message, and the second instruction message indicates that no intro code should be placed or inserted at the end of the transmission block, the second instruction message can be ignored, and the intro code can still be placed or inserted after the transmission block.

[0302] In one possible implementation, the second communication device may send a fourth indication message to the first communication device. This fourth indication message indicates whether an intermediate lead (IN) should be inserted according to a first insertion interval or a second insertion interval. The second insertion interval is predefined or indicated by the second communication device. The first insertion interval is determined based on the second insertion interval, or it is determined based on the number of INs in the sequence. The first insertion interval is the interval between the first IN and the preamble in the sequence, and / or the interval between two adjacent INs in the sequence.

[0303] As one possible implementation, when the fourth indication information is used to indicate the insertion of an intermediate preamble according to the first insertion interval, the first communication device may first calculate the number of intermediate preambles according to the second insertion interval, then determine the first insertion interval according to the number of intermediate preambles, and finally insert the intermediate preamble according to the first insertion interval.

[0304] As another possible implementation, when the fourth indication information is used to indicate the insertion of an intermediate preamble according to the second insertion interval, the first communication device does not need to perform calculations such as the number of intermediate preambles, but directly inserts the intermediate preamble according to the second insertion interval, for example, inserting one intermediate preamble at each specific bit or duration interval (which is the predefined or indicated second insertion interval). In this case, if an intermediate preamble needs to be placed at the end of the transmission block, there may be a situation where the last insertion interval of the intermediate preamble is different from the previous insertion intervals. If an intermediate preamble does not need to be placed at the end of the transmission block, at least one intermediate preamble divides the transmission block into at least two parts, and there may be a situation where the number of bits / transmission duration of the transmission block after the last intermediate preamble is different from the number of bits / transmission duration of the transmission block in other parts.

[0305] For example, whether the intermediate preamble is inserted according to the first interval or the second interval can be defaulted or predefined by the protocol. For instance, the intermediate preamble can be inserted according to the first interval by default or predefined by the protocol, or the intermediate preamble can be inserted according to the second interval by default or predefined by the protocol. Alternatively, whether the intermediate preamble is inserted according to the first interval or the second interval can be indicated by the second communication device through the aforementioned fourth indication information, and there is no limitation.

[0306] Understandably, when inserting an intermediate lead according to the first insertion interval, the first communication device also needs to determine the first insertion interval, such as determining the first insertion interval according to the second insertion interval, or determining the first insertion interval according to the number of intermediate leads in the sequence. The number of intermediate leads in the sequence can be predefined or indicated by the second communication device, or it can be determined according to the second insertion interval.

[0307] As a first example, if an intermezzo needs to be placed or inserted at the end of the transport block, and the intermezzo is inserted according to the first insertion interval, the predefined or indicated second insertion interval and the number of intermezzos can satisfy the following relationship:

[0308]

[0309] In other words, the number of intermediate preambles inserted in the middle of a transport block satisfies the following relationship:

[0310]

[0311] Wherein, mid_inter1 represents a predefined or indicated second insertion interval, in bits; mid_inter2 represents a predefined or indicated second insertion interval, in duration. For example, mid_inter1 can also be called the second value, and mid_inter2 can also be called the third value.

[0312] Correspondingly, the number of intermediate codes and the first insertion interval satisfy the following relationship:

[0313]

[0314] In other words, the number of intermediate preambles inserted in the middle of the transport block and the first insertion interval satisfy the following relationship:

[0315]

[0316] For example, taking a transport block transmission duration of 120ms and a predefined or indicated second insertion interval of 50ms, the number of intermoleculars is:

[0317]

[0318] The first insertion interval is:

[0319]

[0320] In this example, the insertion position of the middle preamble can be as follows: Figure 17 As shown in (a) in the figure.

[0321] As a second example, where an intermezzo needs to be placed or inserted at the end of the transport block, and the intermezzo is inserted according to the second insertion interval, taking a transport block duration of 120ms and a predefined or indicated second insertion interval of 50ms as an example, the schematic diagram of directly inserting the intermezzo according to the 50ms interval can be shown as follows. Figure 17 As shown in (b) above. See also Figure 17 In (b), the first communication device inserts an intermediate preamble (IF) every 50ms. After inserting the first and second IFs, only 20ms remain for the transmission block. Although the remaining transmission time is less than 50ms, the first communication device inserts a third IF at the end of the transmission block because an IF needs to be inserted at the end position. The interval between the third and second IFs is 20ms, which differs from the interval between the first and second IFs (50ms).

[0322] As a third example, where it is not necessary to place or insert an intermezzo at the end of the transport block, and the intermezzo is inserted according to the first insertion interval, the predefined or indicated second insertion interval and the number of intermezzos can satisfy the following relationship:

[0323]

[0324] Wherein, mid_inter1 represents a predefined or indicated second insertion interval, in bits; mid_inter2 represents a predefined or indicated second insertion interval, in duration. For example, mid_inter1 can also be called the second value, and mid_inter2 can also be called the third value.

[0325] Correspondingly, the number of intermediate codes and the first insertion interval satisfy the following relationship:

[0326]

[0327] For example, taking a transport block transmission duration of 120ms and a predefined or indicated second insertion interval of 50ms, the number of intermoleculars is:

[0328]

[0329] The first insertion interval is:

[0330]

[0331] In this example, the insertion position of the middle preamble can be as follows: Figure 18 As shown in (a) in the figure.

[0332] As a fourth example, where it is not necessary to place or insert an introductory at the end of the transport block, and the introductory is inserted according to the second insertion interval, taking a transport block duration of 120ms and a predefined or indicated second insertion interval of 50ms as an example, the schematic diagram of directly inserting the introductory according to the 50ms interval can be shown as follows. Figure 18 As shown in (b) above. See also Figure 18 In (b), the first communication device inserts an intermediate cipher every 50ms. After inserting the first and second intermediate ciphers, the transmission time of the transmission block is 20ms remaining. Since an intermediate cipher is not required at the end of the transmission block, it is not necessary to insert an intermediate cipher at the end of the transmission block.

[0333] In one possible implementation, the insertion interval (such as the A-bit or B-duration mentioned above) can be associated with the length of the intermolecular code. For example, if the length of the intermolecular code is less than or equal to a threshold a, the insertion interval can be an interval from a fifth interval set, or the insertion interval can be a first interval; if the length of the intermolecular code is greater than or equal to b, the insertion interval can be an interval from a sixth interval set, or the insertion interval can be a second interval. For example, threshold b is greater than or equal to threshold a, and the first interval is less than the second interval.

[0334] The fifth interval set includes one or more intervals, and the sixth interval set includes one or more intervals. For example, the fifth interval set and the sixth interval set can be the same interval set; or, the fifth interval set and the sixth interval set can be two different interval sets. For instance, when inserting preambles according to the transport block size, the fifth interval set can be {30 bits, 60 bits, ...}, and the sixth interval set can be {50 bits, 100 bits, ...}; or, when inserting preambles according to the transport block duration, the fifth interval set can be {30 ms, 60 ms, ...}, and the sixth interval set can be {50 ms, 100 ms, ...}.

[0335] For example, if at least one inductor in the sequence has the same length and the inductor length is 32 bits, the fifth interval set can be {40ms, 80ms, ...}. If the inductor length is 8 bits, the sixth interval set can be {20ms, 30ms, ...}.

[0336] As one possible implementation, the length of the intermediate code and the insertion interval can be indicated by the second communication device. For example, the second communication device indicates the length of the intermediate code through the seventh or eighth information and indicates the insertion interval through the third information. Refer to the relevant descriptions of the seventh, eighth, or third information above, which will not be repeated here.

[0337] As one possible implementation, for intermolecular codes of the same length, the insertion interval in case one above and the insertion interval in case two above may be different. For the specific determination of the insertion interval, please refer to the relevant explanations in case one and case two above, which will not be repeated here.

[0338] It is understood that the above embodiments in this application use the first communication device and the second communication device as examples of the execution subjects in the interactive illustration, but this application does not limit the execution subjects in the interactive illustration. For example, the method executed by the first communication device in this application can also be executed by a module (e.g., a chip, chip system, or processor) applied to the first communication device, or by a logic node, logic module, or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device; similarly, the method executed by the second communication device can also be executed by a module (e.g., a chip, chip system, or processor) applied to the second communication device, or by a logic node, logic module, or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the second communication device.

[0339] In one possible implementation, for the above method embodiments, in a CU-DU architecture or O-RAN system, when the second communication device is an access network device, the information sent by the second communication device to the first communication device can be generated by the DU or O-DU, or it can be generated by the CU or O-CU and sent to the DU or O-DU. The function of interaction between the second communication device and the core network can be implemented by the CU or O-CU. The processing function of the second communication device can be implemented by the CU or O-CU, or by the DU or O-DU, or by a combination of the CU and DU (or O-CU and O-DU), without limitation.

[0340] As one possible implementation, the RU can receive transport blocks and sequences sent by the first communication device, down-convert the received information, and return the resulting baseband signal to the DU for further processing. The DU, upon receiving the baseband signal from the RU, can perform further processing and send the processed information to the CU via the mid-haul link. Optionally, the CU can return information from the DU to the core network equipment.

[0341] Optionally, the core network equipment can send the relevant configuration of the intermediate cipher to the CU via the backhaul link, such as the pattern, number, and length. The CU can send the relevant configuration of the intermediate cipher to the DU. The relevant configuration of the intermediate cipher obtained by the CU can be from the core network equipment or determined by the CU, without restriction. After receiving the relevant configuration of the intermediate cipher from the CU, the DU can send the relevant configuration to the RU via the fronthaul link. The RU sends the relevant configuration of the intermediate cipher to the first communication device via the air interface. If the sequence includes an intermediate cipher, the first communication device can generate the corresponding intermediate cipher and transport block according to the received relevant configuration.

[0342] In one possible implementation, in an O-RAN system, the core network can send instructions to the CU via a backhaul link to indicate the relevant configuration of the intermediate preamble. The CU includes a CPU based on an x86 architecture or an evolved reduced instruction set computer (RISC) machine (ARM) architecture, as well as chips of the FPGA / GPU / other accelerator types. The x86 type chip or the ARM-based chip processes the instructions from the core network. Some of the underlying logical operations, such as simple summation, are handled by the FPGA / GPU / other accelerators. After processing, the results are fed back to the CPU, which performs further control operations, such as determining whether to send control instructions to the DU. The interface between the CPU and the FPGA / GPU / other accelerators can be PCIe.

[0343] The CU can send instructions to the DU to specify the relevant configuration of the intermediate preamble. The DU also includes CPUs based on x86 or ARM architectures, as well as chips such as FPGAs / GPUs / other accelerators. The x86 or ARM-based chips process the instructions from the CU, while some underlying logical operations, such as simple summation, are handled by the FPGA / GPU / other accelerators. After processing, the results are fed back to the CPU, which then performs further control operations, such as determining whether to send control instructions to the RU. The interface between the CPU and the FPGA / GPU / other accelerators can be PCIe.

[0344] The DU sends the relevant configuration of the intermediate preamble to the RU via the fronthaul link. The RU includes a fronthaul processing unit for processing instructions from the DU. The fronthaul processing unit can be a CPU or a dedicated chip, such as an FPGA / ASIC chip. Based on the instructions from the DU, the fronthaul processing chip schedules the digital signal processing module to process the signals from the RF processing module. The digital signal processing module performs operations including FFT, modulation and demodulation, etc. The RF processing chip mainly handles downconversion, spectrum splicing / shifting operations, and sends the processing results to the digital processing chip.

[0345] The radio frequency unit (RF unit) sends the relevant configuration of the intermediate frequency (IF) code to the first communication device. The first communication device generates the corresponding IF code based on this configuration and sends a transport block and sequence (the sequence may include the aforementioned generated IF code). The RU can receive the transport block and sequence sent by the first communication device, perform down-conversion processing on the received information, and return the resulting baseband signal to the DU for further processing. The DU, upon receiving the baseband signal from the RU, can perform further processing and send the processed information to the CU via the mid-band link. Optionally, the CU can return the information from the DU to the core network equipment.

[0346] The method provided in this application has been described above. In addition, this application also provides a communication device for implementing the functions described in the above method embodiments.

[0347] It is understood that, in order to achieve the aforementioned functions, the communication device includes hardware structures and / or software modules corresponding to the execution of each function. Those skilled in the art should readily recognize that, based on the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein, this application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or by computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0348] This application embodiment can divide the communication device into functional modules according to the above method embodiment. For example, each function can be divided into a separate functional module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. It should be noted that the module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0349] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of a communication device 140 is shown. The communication device 140 includes a processing module 1401 and a transceiver module 1402. The communication device 140 can be used to implement the functions of a first communication device or a second communication device.

[0350] In some embodiments, the communication device 140 may further include a storage module. Figure 14 (Not shown in the image) is used to store program instructions and data.

[0351] In some embodiments, the transceiver module 1402, also referred to as a transceiver unit, is used to implement sending and / or receiving functions. The transceiver module 1402 may consist of a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver unit, or a communication interface.

[0352] In some embodiments, the transceiver module 1402 may include a receiving module and a sending module, respectively configured to perform receiving and sending steps performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the above method embodiments, and / or other processes to support the technology described herein; the processing module 1401 may be configured to perform processing steps performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the above method embodiments, and / or other processes to support the technology described herein.

[0353] When the communication device 140 is used to perform the functions of the first communication device:

[0354] Processing module 1401 is used to determine a transport block; transceiver module 1402 is used to send the transport block and a sequence. Wherein, if the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or, if the first value is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermolecular preamble, and a postamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermolecular preamble, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transport block, or the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0355] Alternatively, processing module 1401 is used to determine the transport block; transceiver module 1402 is used to send the transport block and the sequence. Wherein, if the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermolecular preamble, and a postcode, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermolecular preamble, or the sequence is a preamble and a postcode. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transport block, or the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0356] Alternatively, processing module 1401 is used to determine the transport block; transceiver module 1402 is used to send the transport block and the sequence. Wherein, if the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermolecular code; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermolecular code, and a postcode, or the sequence is a preamble and a postcode. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transport block, or the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0357] Alternatively, processing module 1401 is used to determine the transport block; transceiver module 1402 is used to send the transport block and the sequence. Wherein, if the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and a postamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermolecular preamble, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermolecular preamble. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transport block, or the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0358] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is also configured to receive first information, the first information indicating at least one of a first threshold and a second threshold.

[0359] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is further configured to receive second information. If the first value is greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, the second information indication sequence is a preamble and at least one intermolecular code; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information indication sequence includes a preamble and a postamble.

[0360] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is further configured to receive fourth information, the fourth information indicating a first pattern, the first pattern indicating the position of at least one intermediate preamble in the transmission block. The first pattern is one of the following: a gap of A bits between the first intermediate preamble and the preamble, and a gap of A bits between any two adjacent intermediate preambles; or, a gap of B time between the first intermediate preamble and the preamble, and a gap of B time between any two adjacent intermediate preambles. Alternatively, the first pattern is one of the following: a gap of A bits between the first intermediate preamble and the preamble; or, a gap of B time between the first intermediate preamble and the preamble.

[0361] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is also configured to receive third information. The third information indicates either the aforementioned A or the aforementioned B.

[0362] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is also configured to receive fifth information. The fifth information indicates that A is associated with the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code, or indicates that A is configured; or, the fifth information indicates that B is associated with the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code, or indicates that B is configured.

[0363] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is also configured to receive sixth information. The sixth information includes the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble; or, the sixth information indicates a second value or a third value, the second value being the number of bits and the third value being the duration, the second value and the third value being used to determine the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble.

[0364] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is further configured to receive a seventh message. The seventh message indicates that the number of bits in each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z1 times the number of bits in the preamble, where z1 is a positive number; or, the seventh message indicates that the transmission duration of each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z2 times the transmission duration of the preamble, where z2 is a positive number; or, the seventh message indicates that the number of bits in each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z3 times the number of bits in the first part of the preamble, where the preamble comprises at least two parts, and the first part is any one of the at least two parts of the preamble, where z3 is a positive number; or, the seventh message indicates that the transmission duration of each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z4 times the transmission duration of the first part of the preamble, where the preamble comprises at least two parts, and the first part is any one of the at least two parts of the preamble, where z4 is a positive number.

[0365] When the communication device 140 is used to implement the function of the second communication device:

[0366] A transceiver module 1402 is used to receive a transport block and a sequence; a processing module 1401 is used to decode the transport block according to the sequence. Wherein, if a first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or, if the first value is greater than or equal to a second threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate preamble, and a postamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate preamble, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transport block, or the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0367] Alternatively, transceiver module 1402 is used to receive a transport block and a sequence; processing module 1401 is used to decode the transport block according to the sequence. Wherein, if the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate preamble, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate preamble, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transport block, or the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0368] Alternatively, transceiver module 1402 is used to receive a transport block and a sequence; processing module 1401 is used to decode the transport block according to the sequence. Wherein, if the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one introductory code; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one introductory code, and a postcode, or the sequence is a preamble and a postcode. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transport block, or the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0369] Alternatively, transceiver module 1402 is used to receive a transport block and a sequence; processing module 1401 is used to decode the transport block according to the sequence. Wherein, if the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and a postamble; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate preamble, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate preamble. Wherein, the first value is the size of the transport block, or the transmission duration of the transport block.

[0370] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is also configured to send first information, the first information indicating at least one of a first threshold and a second threshold.

[0371] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is further configured to transmit second information. If the first value is greater than a first threshold and less than a second threshold, the second information indication sequence is a preamble and at least one intermolecular code; or, if the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information indication sequence includes a preamble and a postamble.

[0372] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is further configured to transmit fourth information, the fourth information indicating a first pattern, the first pattern indicating the position of at least one intermediate preamble in the transport block. The first pattern is one of the following: a gap of A bits between the first intermediate preamble and the preamble, and a gap of A bits between any two adjacent intermediate preambles; or, a gap of B time between the first intermediate preamble and the preamble, and a gap of B time between any two adjacent intermediate preambles. Alternatively, the first pattern is one of the following: a gap of A bits between the first intermediate preamble and the preamble; or, a gap of B time between the first intermediate preamble and the preamble.

[0373] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is also used to send third information. The third information indicates the aforementioned A, or the third information indicates the aforementioned B.

[0374] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is also configured to transmit a fifth message. The fifth message indicates that A is associated with the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code, or indicates that A is configured; or, the fifth message indicates that B is associated with the number of intermediate codes included in at least one intermediate code, or indicates that B is configured.

[0375] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is also configured to transmit a sixth message. The sixth message includes the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble; or, the sixth message indicates a second value or a third value, the second value being the number of bits and the third value being the duration, the second value and the third value being used to determine the number of intermediate preambles included in at least one intermediate preamble.

[0376] Optionally, the transceiver module 1402 is further configured to transmit a seventh message. The seventh message indicates that the number of bits in each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z1 times the number of bits in the preamble, where z1 is a positive number; or, the seventh message indicates that the transmission duration of each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z2 times the transmission duration of the preamble, where z2 is a positive number; or, the seventh message indicates that the number of bits in each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z3 times the number of bits in the first part of the preamble, where the preamble comprises at least two parts, and the first part is any one of the at least two parts of the preamble, where z3 is a positive number; or, the seventh message indicates that the transmission duration of each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z4 times the transmission duration of the first part of the preamble, where the preamble comprises at least two parts, and the first part is any one of the at least two parts of the preamble, where z4 is a positive number.

[0377] All relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiments can be referenced from the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and will not be repeated here.

[0378] In this application, the communication device 140 can be presented in an integrated manner, divided into various functional modules. Here, "module" can refer to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a circuit, a processor and memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuits, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0379] In some embodiments, when Figure 14 When the communication device 140 is a chip or chip system, the function / implementation process of the transceiver module 1402 can be implemented through the input / output interface (or communication interface) of the chip or chip system, and the function / implementation process of the processing module 1401 can be implemented through the processor (or processing circuit) of the chip or chip system.

[0380] Since the communication device 140 provided in this embodiment can execute the above method, the technical effects it can achieve can be referred to the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0381] As a possible product form, the first or second communication device described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented using one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), controllers, state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware components, any other suitable circuits, or any combination of circuits capable of performing the various functions described throughout this application.

[0382] As another possible product form, the first or second communication device described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented using a general bus architecture. For ease of explanation, see [link to documentation]. Figure 15 , Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 1500 provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 1500 includes a processor 1501 and a transceiver 1502. The communication device 1500 can be a first communication device, or a chip or chip system therein; or, the communication device 1500 can be a second communication device, or a chip or module therein. Figure 15 Only the main components of the communication device 1500 are shown. In addition to the processor 1501 and transceiver 1502, the communication device may further include a memory 1503 and input / output devices. Figure 15 (Not indicated).

[0383] Optionally, the processor 1501 is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire communication device, execute software programs, and process the data of the software programs, thereby implementing the methods provided in the above-described method embodiments. The memory 1503 is mainly used to store software programs and data. The transceiver 1502 may include radio frequency (RF) circuitry and an antenna. The RF circuitry is mainly used for converting baseband signals to RF signals and processing RF signals. The antenna is mainly used for transmitting and receiving RF signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input / output devices, such as touchscreens, displays, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive user input data and output data to the user.

[0384] Optionally, the processor 1501, transceiver 1502, and memory 1503 can be connected via a communication bus.

[0385] When the communication device is powered on, the processor 1501 can read the software program in the memory 1503, execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be transmitted wirelessly, the processor 1501 performs baseband processing on the data to be transmitted and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency (RF) circuit. The RF circuit processes the baseband signal and transmits the RF signal outward in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the communication device, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor 1501. The processor 1501 converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.

[0386] In another implementation, the radio frequency circuitry and antenna can be set up independently of the processor performing baseband processing. For example, in a distributed scenario, the radio frequency circuitry and antenna can be arranged remotely, independent of the communication device.

[0387] In some embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the above-described communication device 140 can be implemented in hardware using... Figure 15 The communication device shown is in the form of 1500.

[0388] As an example, Figure 14 The function / implementation process of the processing module 1401 can be achieved through... Figure 15 The processor 1501 in the communication device 1500 shown calls computer execution instructions stored in memory 1503 to implement the function. Figure 14 The function / implementation process of the transceiver module 1402 can be obtained through Figure 15 This is achieved through the transceiver 1502 in the communication device 1500 shown.

[0389] As another possible product form, the first or second communication device in this application can be adopted. Figure 16The shown composition structure, or including Figure 16 The components shown. Figure 16 This application provides a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device 1600, which may be a first communication device or a chip or system-on-a-chip in the first communication device; or, it may be a second communication device or a chip or system-on-a-chip in the second communication device.

[0390] like Figure 16 As shown, the communication device 1600 includes at least one processor 1601 and at least one communication interface. Figure 16 (This is merely an example illustration, using a communication interface 1604 and a processor 1601 as examples. Optionally, the communication device 1600 may also include a communication bus 1602 and a memory 1603.)

[0391] Processor 1601 can be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a PLD, or any combination thereof. Processor 1601 can also be other devices with processing functions, such as circuits, devices, or software modules, without limitation.

[0392] The communication bus 1602 is used to connect different components in the communication device 1600, enabling communication between them. The communication bus 1602 can be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 16 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0393] Communication interface 1604 is used for communicating with other devices or communication networks. For example, communication interface 1604 can be a module, circuit, transceiver, or any device capable of communication. Optionally, communication interface 1604 can also be an input / output interface located within processor 1601, used to implement signal input and signal output for the processor.

[0394] The memory 1603 may be a device with storage function, used to store instructions and / or data. The instructions may be computer programs.

[0395] For example, the memory 1603 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and / or instructions; it may also be a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and / or instructions; it may also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, etc., without limitation.

[0396] It should be noted that the memory 1603 can exist independently of the processor 1601, or it can be integrated with the processor 1601. The memory 1603 can be located inside or outside the communication device 1600, without limitation. The processor 1601 can be used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 1603 to implement the methods provided in the following embodiments of this application.

[0397] Optionally, the processor 1601 and / or memory 1603 may include an artificial intelligence (AI) module, which is used to implement AI-related functions. The AI ​​module can be implemented through software, hardware, or a combination of both. For example, the AI ​​module may include a radio network intelligent controller (RIC) module. For example, the AI ​​module can be a near real-time RIC or a non-real-time RIC.

[0398] As an optional implementation, the communication device 1600 may also include an output device 1605 and an input device 1606. The output device 1605 communicates with the processor 1601 and can display information in various ways. For example, the output device 1605 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light-emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector, etc. The input device 1606 communicates with the processor 1601 and can receive user input in various ways. For example, the input device 1606 may be a mouse, keyboard, touchscreen device, or sensing device, etc.

[0399] In some embodiments, the hardware implementation will be apparent to those skilled in the art as described above. Figure 14 The communication device 140 shown can be adopted Figure 16 The communication device shown is in the form of 1600.

[0400] As an example, Figure 14 The function / implementation process of the processing module 1401 can be achieved through... Figure 16 The processor 1601 in the communication device 1600 shown calls computer execution instructions stored in memory 1603 to achieve this. Figure 14 The function / implementation process of the transceiver module 1402 can be obtained through Figure 16 This is achieved through the communication interface 1604 in the communication device 1600 shown.

[0401] It should be noted that, Figure 16 The structures shown do not constitute a specific limitation on the first or second communication device. For example, in other embodiments of this application, the first or second communication device may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine some components, or split some components, or have different component arrangements. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0402] In some embodiments, this application also provides a communication device, which includes a processor for implementing the methods in any of the above method embodiments.

[0403] As one possible implementation, the communication device also includes a memory. This memory stores necessary computer programs and data. The computer program may include instructions, which a processor can invoke to instruct the communication device to execute the methods described in any of the above method embodiments. Alternatively, the memory may not be present in the communication device.

[0404] As another possible implementation, the communication device also includes an interface circuit, which is a code / data read / write interface circuit, used to receive computer execution instructions (which are stored in memory and may be read directly from memory or may be transmitted through other devices) and transmit them to the processor.

[0405] As another possible implementation, the communication device also includes a communication interface for communicating with modules outside the communication device.

[0406] It is understood that the communication device can be a chip or a chip system. When the communication device is a chip system, it can be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices. This application does not specifically limit this.

[0407] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a computer, implements the functions of any of the above-described method embodiments.

[0408] This application also provides a computer program product that, when executed by a computer, implements the functions of any of the above method embodiments.

[0409] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0410] It is understood that the systems, apparatuses, and methods described in this application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0411] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0412] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0413] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software programs, implementation can be, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device containing one or more servers, data centers, etc., that can be integrated with the medium. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state drive (SSD)). In this embodiment, the computer may include the aforementioned apparatus.

[0414] Although this application has been described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, those skilled in the art, by reviewing the accompanying drawings, disclosure, and appended claims, will understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments in carrying out the claimed application. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit can implement several functions listed in the claims. While different dependent claims may recite certain measures, this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0415] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the scope of this application. Accordingly, this specification and drawings are merely illustrative descriptions of the application as defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to this application without departing from its scope. Thus, if such modifications and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, this application is also intended to include such modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the transport block; Send the transport block and sequence; wherein, If the first value is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or... If the first value is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate preamble, and a postamble; or, If the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is either the size of the transport block or the transmission duration of the transport block.

2. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the transport block; Send the transport block and sequence; wherein, If the first value is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or... When the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is either the size of the transport block or the transmission duration of the transport block.

3. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the transport block; Send the transport block and sequence; wherein, If the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate preamble; or... When the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is either the size of the transport block or the transmission duration of the transport block.

4. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the transport block; Send the transport block and sequence; wherein, If the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence consists of a preamble and a postamble; or... If the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code. Wherein, the first value is either the size of the transport block or the transmission duration of the transport block.

5. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive first indication information, the first indication information indicating whether the sequence includes a mid-prefix; Transmit a transport block and a sequence, wherein the sequence includes a preamble, and whether the sequence includes an intermembrane is determined based on the first indication information.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving first information, the first information indicating at least one of the first threshold and the second threshold.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving second information; If the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information indicates that the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate preamble; or... If the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information indicates that the sequence includes a preamble and a postamble.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-4 or 6-7, characterized in that, The preamble is located before the transport block, one of the at least one intermediate preamble is located between the first and second part bits of the transport block, and the postamble is located after the transport block.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The transmission duration of the transport block is related to at least one of the following: the size of the transport block, the bit rate, the number of encoding repetitions, or the chip length.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving second indication information, the second indication information indicating whether a mid-prefix is ​​placed at the end position of the transmission block.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving fourth information, the fourth information indicating a first pattern, the first pattern being used to indicate the position of the at least one middle preamble in the transport block; The first pattern is one of the following: The first intermediate code is separated from the preamble by A bits, and any two adjacent intermediate codes are separated by A bits; or, The interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble is B time, and the interval between any two adjacent intermediate codes is B time. Alternatively, the first pattern may be one of the following: The first intermediate code and the preamble are separated by A bits; or, The interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble is B.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving third information; the third information indicating bit A, or the third information indicating duration B, wherein bit A or duration B is a first insertion interval, the first insertion interval being the interval between the first inode and the preamble in the sequence, and / or the interval between two adjacent inodes in the sequence.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, A belongs to the first interval set, and the third information includes the index of A in the first interval set; or, B belongs to the second interval set, and the third information includes the index of B in the second interval set.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The method further includes: determining a first insertion interval, wherein the first insertion interval is the interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble in the sequence, and / or the interval between two adjacent intermediate codes in the sequence; The first insertion interval is determined based on the number of intermediate preambles, or the first insertion interval is determined based on a second insertion interval, which is predefined or indicated by a second communication device.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, or or, or Where L represents the number of intermediate preambles, TBS represents the size of the transport block, and t TB This indicates the transmission duration of the transmission block. This means rounding x down. This indicates that x is rounded up, and A or B is the first insertion interval.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, or or, or Where L represents the number of intermediate preambles, TBS represents the size of the transport block, and t TB This indicates the transmission duration of the transmission block. This means rounding x down. This indicates that x is rounded up, and A or B is the first insertion interval.

17. The method according to any one of claims 11-16, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving fifth information; The fifth piece of information indicates the number of intermediate preambles included in the at least one intermediate preamble associated with A, or indicates that A is configured; or, The fifth piece of information indicates the number of intermediate codes included in the at least one intermediate code associated with the B, or indicates that the B is configured.

18. The method according to any one of claims 1-17, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving sixth information; The sixth information includes the number of intermediate codes included in the at least one intermediate code; or, The sixth information indicates a second value or a third value, the second value being the number of bits and the third value being the duration, the second value and the third value being associated with the number of intermediate codes included in the at least one intermediate code.

19. The method according to any one of claims 1-18, characterized in that, The number of intermediate codes and the second value satisfy one of the following relationships: or, Alternatively, the number of intermediate codes and the third value satisfy one of the following relationships: or, Where L represents the number of intermediate preambles; TBS represents the size of the transport block; mid_inter1 represents the second value; t TB This indicates the transmission duration of the transport block, and mid_inter2 represents the third value. This means rounding x down. This indicates that x is rounded up, and the second or third value is a predefined or second insertion interval indicated by the second communication device.

20. The method according to any one of claims 1-18, characterized in that, The number of intermediate codes and the second value satisfy one of the following relationships: or, Alternatively, the number of intermediate codes and the third value satisfy one of the following relationships: or, Where L represents the number of intermediate preambles; TBS represents the size of the transport block; mid_inter1 represents the second value; t TB This indicates the transmission duration of the transport block, and mid_inter2 represents the third value. This means rounding x down. This indicates that x is rounded up, and the second or third value is a predefined or second insertion interval indicated by the second communication device.

21. The method according to any one of claims 1-20, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive a fourth indication message, which indicates that an intermediate preamble is inserted according to a first insertion interval, or indicates that an intermediate preamble is inserted according to a second insertion interval, wherein the second insertion interval is predefined or indicated by a second communication device, and the first insertion interval is determined according to the second insertion interval.

22. The method according to any one of claims 1-21, characterized in that, When the number of intermediate preambles in the sequence is 1, the intermediate preamble is located at the end of the transmission block.

23. The method according to any one of claims 1-22, characterized in that, When the at least one intermediate code is multiple intermediate codes, the multiple intermediate codes have the same number of bits or the multiple intermediate codes have the same transmission duration.

24. The method according to claim 23, characterized in that, The method further includes: receiving seventh information; The seventh information indicates that the number of bits in each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z1 times the number of bits in the preamble, where z1 is a positive number; or, The seventh information indicates that the transmission duration of each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z² times the transmission duration of the preamble, where z² is a positive number; or, The seventh information indicates that the number of bits in each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z3 times the number of bits in the first part of the preamble, wherein the preamble comprises at least two parts, and the first part is any one of the at least two parts of the preamble, where z3 is a positive number; or, The seventh information indicates that the transmission duration of each of the plurality of intermediate codes is z4 times the transmission duration of the first part of the preamble, wherein the preamble comprises at least two parts, the first part being any one of the at least two parts of the preamble, and z4 being a positive number.

25. The method according to any one of claims 1-24, characterized in that, When the at least one intermediate code is multiple intermediate codes, at least two of the multiple intermediate codes have different bit numbers, or at least two of the multiple intermediate codes have different transmission durations.

26. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive transport blocks and sequences; The transport block is decoded according to the sequence; wherein... If the first value is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or... If the first value is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate preamble, and a postamble; or, If the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is either the size of the transport block or the transmission duration of the transport block.

27. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive transport blocks and sequences; The transport block is decoded according to the sequence; wherein... If the first value is less than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble; or... When the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is either the size of the transport block or the transmission duration of the transport block.

28. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive transport blocks and sequences; The transport block is decoded according to the sequence; wherein... If the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate preamble; or... When the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and a postamble. Wherein, the first value is either the size of the transport block or the transmission duration of the transport block.

29. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive transport blocks and sequences; The transport block is decoded according to the sequence; wherein... If the first value is less than or equal to a first threshold, the sequence consists of a preamble and a postamble; or... If the first value is greater than the first threshold, the sequence is a preamble, at least one intermediate code, and a postamble, or the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate code. Wherein, the first value is either the size of the transport block or the transmission duration of the transport block.

30. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that, The method further includes sending first information, the first information indicating at least one of the first threshold and the second threshold.

31. The method according to claim 26 or 30, characterized in that, The method further includes: sending a second message; If the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information indicates that the sequence is a preamble and at least one intermediate preamble; or... If the first value is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the second information indicates that the sequence includes a preamble and a postamble.

32. The method according to any one of claims 26-31, characterized in that, The method further includes: sending fourth information, the fourth information indicating a first pattern, the first pattern being used to indicate the position of the at least one middle preamble in the transport block; The first pattern is one of the following: The first intermediate code is separated from the preamble by A bits, and any two adjacent intermediate codes are separated by A bits; or, The interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble is B time, and the interval between any two adjacent intermediate codes is B time. Alternatively, the first pattern may be one of the following: The first intermediate code and the preamble are separated by A bits; or, The interval between the first intermediate code and the preamble is B.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that, The method further includes: sending third information; the third information instructing A, or the third information instructing B.

34. The method according to any one of claims 26-33, characterized in that, The method further includes: sending a sixth message; The sixth information includes the number of intermediate codes included in the at least one intermediate code; or, The sixth information indicates a second value or a third value, the second value being the number of bits and the third value being the duration, the second value and the third value being associated with the number of intermediate codes included in the at least one intermediate code.

35. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor; the processor is configured to run a computer program or instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-25.

36. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor; the processor is configured to run a computer program or instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 26-34.

37. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs that, when executed on a computer, cause the method described in any one of claims 1-25 to be performed.

38. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions or programs that, when executed on a computer, cause the method described in any one of claims 26-34 to be performed.

39. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions; when some or all of the computer instructions are run on a computer, the method described in any one of claims 1-25 is performed.

40. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer instructions; when some or all of the computer instructions are run on a computer, the method described in any one of claims 26-34 is performed.

41. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-25, and the second communication device is used to perform the method as described in any one of claims 26-34.

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