Method and apparatus in a wireless communication system

Abstract

A method and apparatus in a wireless communication system are provided, the method including: generating a first signal, wherein the first signal includes at least one third signal corresponding to a first time length, and wherein each of the at least one third signal includes a fourth signal corresponding to a second time length, and the fourth signal is located at an end of the third signal including the fourth signal; generating a second signal based on a first condition, wherein the second signal includes the at least one third signal and at least one fifth signal, wherein each of the at least one fifth signal corresponds to one of the at least one third signal, and each of the at least one fifth signal is located before the one of the third signal corresponding to the fifth signal; and transmitting the second signal to a second UE, wherein the first condition is used to determine a method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and / or to determine whether to generate the at least one fifth signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and more specifically, to a method and apparatus in a wireless communication system. Background Technology

[0002] To meet the increased demand for wireless data communication services since the deployment of 4G communication systems, efforts have been made to develop improved 5G or near-5G communication systems. Therefore, 5G or near-5G communication systems are also referred to as "super 4G networks" or "post-LTE systems".

[0003] 5G communication systems are implemented in higher frequency (millimeter wave, mmWave) bands, such as the 60GHz band, to achieve higher data rates. To reduce radio wave propagation loss and increase transmission distance, beamforming, massive MIMO, full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antennas, analog beamforming, and massive MIMO technologies are discussed in 5G communication systems.

[0004] In addition, in 5G communication systems, development is underway to improve system networks based on advanced small cells, cloud radio access networks (RAN), ultra-dense networks, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul, mobile networks, cooperative communication, cooperative multipoint (CoMP), and receiver interference cancellation.

[0005] In 5G systems, hybrid FSK and QAM modulation (FQAM) and sliding window superposition coding (SWSC) have been developed as advanced coding and modulation (ACM), while filter bank multicarrier (FBMC), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and sparse code multiple access (SCMA) have been developed as advanced access technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a method performed by a first user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: generating a first signal, wherein the first signal includes at least one third signal corresponding to a first time length, and wherein each of the at least one third signal includes a fourth signal corresponding to a second time length, and the fourth signal is located at the end of the third signal including the fourth signal; generating a second signal based on a first condition, wherein the second signal includes the at least one third signal and at least one fifth signal, wherein each of the at least one fifth signal corresponds to one of the at least one third signal, and each of the at least one fifth signal is located before a third signal corresponding to the fifth signal; and transmitting the second signal to a second UE, wherein the first condition is used to determine a method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and / or to determine whether to generate the at least one fifth signal.

[0007] In some embodiments, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal includes at least one of the following: generating the at least one third signal based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, copying the fourth signal and adding it before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal, and using the copied fourth signal as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal; generating other signals besides the fourth signal among the at least one third signal based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, generating the fourth signal using other methods, copying the fourth signal and adding it before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal, and using the copied fourth signal as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal; The at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal. The copied fourth signal is used as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal, wherein the value of at least one chip in the fourth signal is changed when a third condition is met, and / or the value of at least one chip in the fifth signal is changed when the third condition is met; the at least one fifth signal is generated based on information bits; the at least one fifth signal is generated based on preset values ​​or sequences; the at least one fifth signal is generated based on the values ​​of signals before the start position of the fifth signal and / or based on the values ​​of signals after the end position of the fifth signal.

[0008] In some implementations, the first condition is related to at least one of the following: a configuration or predefined criterion related to the generation of the second signal; a configuration or predefined criterion related to the fifth signal; a configuration or predefined criterion related to the fourth signal; an indication related to the method of generating the second signal; an indication related to the method of generating the fifth signal; an indication related to the method of generating the fourth signal; parameters related to chip length and / or transmission rate; whether the number of information bits corresponding to the first signal and / or the second signal exceeds a first threshold; whether the transmission time length corresponding to the first signal and / or the second signal exceeds a second threshold; and whether the fifth signal, after being generated, leads to incorrect decoding.

[0009] In some implementations, if the first condition is related to parameters related to chip length and / or transmission rate, the first condition is also related to at least one of the following: whether the chip length is greater than the second time length; whether the difference and / or ratio between the chip length and the second time length is within a preset or configured threshold range; and whether the number of chips corresponding to the fourth signal and / or the fifth signal exceeds a preset or configured threshold range.

[0010] In some embodiments, the method further includes at least one of the following: determining multiple methods for generating the at least one fifth signal, and always using at least one first method of the multiple methods to generate the at least one fifth signal, and using at least one second method of the multiple methods to generate the at least one fifth signal when the first condition is met; determining multiple methods for generating the at least one fifth signal, and using at least one third method of the multiple methods to generate the at least one fifth signal when the first condition is met, and using at least one fourth method of the multiple methods to generate the at least one fifth signal when the first condition is not met.

[0011] In some embodiments, the at least one fourth signal is generated based on information bits or based on the information bits and linear coding, and / or generated by at least one of the following methods: the values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​corresponding to the first M1 chips or codewords in the fourth signal and / or the values ​​corresponding to the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on preset values; the values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​corresponding to the first M1 chips or codewords in the fourth signal and / or the values ​​corresponding to the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are preset values, wherein the preset values ​​include a sequence composed of a plurality of preset values; the values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​corresponding to the first M1 chips or codewords in the fourth signal and / or the values ​​corresponding to the fourth signal are preset values. The values ​​of the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal are determined based on the state of the last M3 chips before the starting position of the fourth signal; the values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​of the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on the state of the first M3 chips in the third signal in which the fourth signal is located; the values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​of the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the values ​​of the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on the state of the last M3 chips in the last third signal before which the fourth signal is located, wherein at least one of M1, M2, and M3 is determined based on the first condition.

[0012] In some implementations, when the number of chips corresponding to the fourth signal is not an integer, the values ​​of the first chip and / or the last chip and / or at least one chip that partially corresponds to the fourth signal and partially does not correspond to the fourth signal are determined based on the at least one method.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method for generating the at least one fourth signal is based on a second condition, wherein the second condition includes at least one of the following: a first condition; a fourth signal corresponding to Nn out of N third signals is generated by a fifth method for generating the at least one fourth signal, and a fourth signal corresponding to n out of N third signals is generated by a sixth method for generating the at least one fourth signal; after generating the at least one fifth signal, there is an erroneous rising edge and / or falling edge; after generating the at least one fifth signal, there is an erroneous rising edge and / or falling edge, and the signal length between at least two erroneous rising edges and / or falling edges satisfies a third condition, and / or the signal length between at least one erroneous rising edge and / or falling edge and at least one rising edge and / or falling edge of the first signal satisfies the third condition.

[0014] In some implementations, the third condition includes at least one of the following: whether the signal length between the rising and / or falling edges of the at least two erroneous signals, and / or the signal length between the rising and / or falling edge of the at least one erroneous signal and at least one rising and / or falling edge of the first signal, is greater than a second time length; whether the difference and / or ratio of the signal length between the rising and / or falling edges of the at least two erroneous signals and the second time length meets a preset or configured threshold range, and / or the difference and / or ratio of the signal length between the rising and / or falling edge of the at least one erroneous signal and at least one rising and / or falling edge of the first signal and the second time length meets a preset or configured threshold range; whether the number of erroneous rising and / or falling edges, and / or the number of chips corresponding to the erroneous rising and / or falling edges, exceeds a preset or configured threshold range.

[0015] In some embodiments, the method further includes: determining whether the number of chips included in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol is based on the number of chips included in the fifth signal and / or whether it is based on the number of chips included in the fourth signal, based on at least one of whether the at least one fifth signal is generated, a method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and a method for generating the at least one fourth signal.

[0016] In some implementations, at least one of the following is determined based on at least one of generating the at least one fifth signal, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and the method for generating the at least one fourth signal: whether the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to at least one of a prefix, infix, or suffix; whether the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to data or physical layer control information or PRDCH; and whether the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to at least one of a start indication portion (SIP), an end indication portion (EIP), or a clock acquisition portion (CAP).

[0017] In some implementations, at least one of the following is indicated based on at least one of generating the at least one fifth signal, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and the method for generating the at least one fourth signal: an implicit indication for generating the at least one fifth signal based on at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal; a sequence implicit indication based on at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal; or an explicit indication by a field in at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal.

[0018] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a method performed by a second user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: receiving a second signal from a first UE, wherein the second signal includes at least one third signal corresponding to a first time length; determining, based on a first condition, whether the second signal includes at least one fifth signal, and / or determining a method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and / or determining whether to remove the at least one fifth signal from the second signal, wherein each of the at least one fifth signal corresponds to one of the at least one third signal, and each of the at least one fifth signal is located before a third signal corresponding to the fifth signal; determining, based on a second condition, a method for generating at least one fourth signal corresponding to the second time length, and / or determining whether to remove the at least one fourth signal from the second signal, wherein the at least one fourth signal is included in the at least one third signal and is located at the end of the at least one third signal; and decoding a first signal, wherein the first signal is a signal after removing the at least one fifth signal from the second signal, and / or after removing the at least one fourth signal from the second signal, or without removing the at least one fifth signal and the at least one fourth signal from the second signal.

[0019] In some embodiments, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal includes at least one of the following: generating the at least one third signal based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, copying the fourth signal and adding it before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal, and using the copied fourth signal as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal; generating other signals besides the fourth signal among the at least one third signal based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, generating the fourth signal using other methods, copying the fourth signal and adding it before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal, and using the copied fourth signal as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal; The at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal. The copied fourth signal is used as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal, wherein the value of at least one chip in the fourth signal is changed when a third condition is met, and / or the value of at least one chip in the fifth signal is changed when the third condition is met; the at least one fifth signal is generated based on information bits; the at least one fifth signal is generated based on preset values ​​or sequences; the at least one fifth signal is generated based on the values ​​of signals before the start position of the fifth signal and / or based on the values ​​of signals after the end position of the fifth signal.

[0020] In some implementations, the first condition is related to at least one of the following: a configuration or predefined criterion related to the generation of the second signal; a configuration or predefined criterion related to the fifth signal; a configuration or predefined criterion related to the fourth signal; an indication related to the method of generating the second signal; an indication related to the method of generating the fifth signal; an indication related to the method of generating the fourth signal; parameters related to chip length and / or transmission rate; whether the number of information bits corresponding to the first signal and / or the second signal exceeds a first threshold; whether the transmission time length corresponding to the first signal and / or the second signal exceeds a second threshold; and whether the fifth signal, after being generated, leads to incorrect decoding.

[0021] In some implementations, if the first condition is related to parameters related to chip length and / or transmission rate, the first condition is also related to at least one of the following: whether the chip length is greater than the second time length; whether the difference and / or ratio between the chip length and the second time length is within a preset or configured threshold range; and whether the number of chips corresponding to the fourth signal and / or the fifth signal exceeds a preset or configured threshold range.

[0022] In some embodiments, multiple methods for generating the at least one fifth signal are determined, and at least one first method of the multiple methods is always used to generate the at least one fifth signal, and when the first condition is met, the at least one fifth signal is generated using at least one second method of the multiple methods; and / or multiple methods for generating the at least one fifth signal are determined, and when the first condition is met, at least one third method of the multiple methods is used to generate the at least one fifth signal, and when the first condition is not met, the at least one fifth signal is generated using at least one fourth method of the multiple methods.

[0023] In some embodiments, the at least one fourth signal is generated based on information bits or based on the information bits and linear coding, and / or generated by at least one of the following methods: the values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​corresponding to the first M1 chips or codewords in the fourth signal and / or the values ​​corresponding to the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on preset values; the values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​corresponding to the first M1 chips or codewords in the fourth signal and / or the values ​​corresponding to the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are preset values, wherein the preset values ​​include a sequence composed of a plurality of preset values; the values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​corresponding to the first M1 chips or codewords in the fourth signal and / or the values ​​corresponding to the fourth signal are preset values. The values ​​of the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal are determined based on the state of the last M3 chips before the starting position of the fourth signal; the values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​of the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on the state of the first M3 chips in the third signal in which the fourth signal is located; the values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​of the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the values ​​of the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on the state of the last M3 chips in the last third signal before which the fourth signal is located, wherein at least one of M1, M2, and M3 is determined based on the first condition.

[0024] In some implementations, when the number of chips corresponding to the fourth signal is not an integer, the values ​​of the first chip and / or the last chip and / or at least one chip that partially corresponds to the fourth signal and partially does not correspond to the fourth signal are determined based on the at least one method.

[0025] In some embodiments, the method for generating the at least one fourth signal is based on a second condition, wherein the second condition includes at least one of the following: a first condition; a fourth signal corresponding to Nn out of N third signals is generated by a fifth method for generating the at least one fourth signal, and a fourth signal corresponding to n out of N third signals is generated by a sixth method for generating the at least one fourth signal; after generating the at least one fifth signal, there is an erroneous rising edge and / or falling edge; after generating the at least one fifth signal, there is an erroneous rising edge and / or falling edge, and the signal length between at least two erroneous rising edges and / or falling edges satisfies a third condition, and / or the signal length between at least one erroneous rising edge and / or falling edge and at least one rising edge and / or falling edge of the first signal satisfies the third condition.

[0026] In some implementations, the third condition includes at least one of the following: whether the signal length between the rising and / or falling edges of the at least two erroneous signals, and / or the signal length between the rising and / or falling edge of the at least one erroneous signal and at least one rising and / or falling edge of the first signal, is greater than a second time length; whether the difference and / or ratio of the signal length between the rising and / or falling edges of the at least two erroneous signals and the second time length meets a preset or configured threshold range, and / or the difference and / or ratio of the signal length between the rising and / or falling edge of the at least one erroneous signal and at least one rising and / or falling edge of the first signal and the second time length meets a preset or configured threshold range; whether the number of erroneous rising and / or falling edges, and / or the number of chips corresponding to the erroneous rising and / or falling edges, exceeds a preset or configured threshold range.

[0027] In some implementations, the number of chips included in an OFDM symbol is determined based on at least one of whether the at least one fifth signal is generated, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and the method for generating the at least one fourth signal.

[0028] In some implementations, at least one of the following is determined based on at least one of generating the at least one fifth signal, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and the method for generating the at least one fourth signal: whether the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to at least one of a prefix, infix, or suffix; whether the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to data or physical layer control information or PRDCH; and whether the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to at least one of a start indication portion (SIP), an end indication portion (EIP), or a clock acquisition portion (CAP).

[0029] In some implementations, at least one of the following is indicated based on at least one of generating the at least one fifth signal, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and the method for generating the at least one fourth signal: an implicit indication for generating the at least one fifth signal based on at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal; a sequence implicit indication based on at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal; or an explicit indication by a field in at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal.

[0030] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is provided, including: a transceiver; and a controller coupled to the transceiver and configured to perform the aforementioned method. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of this disclosure and are not intended to limit this disclosure. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an example wireless network according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0033] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Example wireless transmission and reception paths according to various embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0034] Figure 3a Example user equipment (UE) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0035] Figure 3b Example gNBs according to various embodiments of this disclosure are shown;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the addition of a CP according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the decoding errors introduced by the CP according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0038] Figure 6 Flowcharts of methods performed by a first UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown;

[0039] Figure 7 Flowcharts of methods performed by a second UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown;

[0040] Figure 8 Schematic diagrams of CP processing according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown;

[0041] Figures 9-11 Schematic diagrams illustrating signal generation according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown;

[0042] Figure 12 Block diagrams of a UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, is provided to aid in a thorough understanding of the various embodiments of this disclosure as defined by the claims and their equivalents. This description includes various specific details to aid understanding but should be considered exemplary only. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the various embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures may be omitted.

[0044] The terms and wording used in the following description and claims are not limited to their dictionary meanings, but are merely used by the inventors to enable a clear and consistent understanding of this disclosure. Therefore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of various embodiments of this disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting the purpose of this disclosure as defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0045] It should be understood that the singular forms of “one,” “an,” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Thus, for example, the reference to “component surface” includes one or more such surfaces.

[0046] The terms “comprising” or “may include” refer to the presence of a corresponding disclosed function, operation, or component that may be used in the various embodiments of this disclosure, rather than limiting the presence of one or more additional functions, operations, or features. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” or “having” may be interpreted as indicating certain characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof, but should not be construed as excluding the possibility of the presence of one or more other characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0047] The term "or" as used in the various embodiments of this disclosure includes any of the listed terms and all combinations thereof. For example, "A or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in this disclosure (including technical or scientific terms) have the same meaning as understood by one of those skilled in the art as described herein. Common terms as defined in dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context in the relevant technical field and should not be interpreted ideally or overly formally unless expressly defined in this disclosure.

[0049] The various embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) systems, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) systems, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication systems, 5th Generation (5G) systems, or New Radio (NR), etc. Furthermore, the various embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to future-oriented communication technologies.

[0050] Figure 1An example wireless network 100 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 The embodiment of the wireless network 100 shown is for illustrative purposes only. Other embodiments of the wireless network 100 can be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0051] Wireless network 100 includes gNodeB (gNB) 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103. gNB 101 communicates with gNB 102 and gNB 103. gNB 101 also communicates with at least one Internet Protocol (IP) network 130 (such as the Internet, a proprietary IP network, or other data network).

[0052] Depending on the network type, other well-known terms such as "base station" or "access point" can be used instead of "gNodeB" or "gNB". For convenience, the terms "gNodeB" and "gNB" are used in this patent document to refer to network infrastructure components that provide wireless access for remote terminals. Furthermore, depending on the network type, other well-known terms such as "mobile station", "user station", "remote terminal", "wireless terminal", or "user device" can be used instead of "user equipment" or "UE". For convenience, the terms "user equipment" and "UE" are used in this patent document to refer to remote wireless devices that wirelessly access the gNB, whether the UE is a mobile device (such as a mobile phone or smartphone) or a fixed device as commonly understood (such as a desktop computer or vending machine).

[0053] gNB 102 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to multiple first user equipments (UEs) within its coverage area 120. The multiple first UEs include: UE 111, which may be located in a small business (SB); UE 112, which may be located in an enterprise (E); UE 113, which may be located in a WiFi hotspot (HS); UE 114, which may be located in a first residence (R); UE 115, which may be located in a second residence (R); and UE 116, which may be a mobile device (M), such as a cellular phone, wireless laptop computer, wireless PDA, etc. gNB 103 provides wireless broadband access to network 130 to multiple second UEs within its coverage area 125. The multiple second UEs include UE 115 and UE 116. In some embodiments, one or more of gNBs 101-103 are capable of communicating with each other and with UEs 111-116 using 5G, LTE, LTE-A, WiMAX, or other advanced wireless communication technologies.

[0054] The dashed lines indicate the approximate extent of coverage areas 120 and 125, which are shown as approximately circular for illustrative and explanatory purposes only. It should be clearly understood that coverage areas associated with the gNB, such as coverage areas 120 and 125, can have other shapes, including irregular shapes, depending on the configuration of the gNB and variations in the radio environment associated with natural and man-made obstacles.

[0055] As described in more detail below, one or more of gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103 include a 2D antenna array as described in embodiments of this disclosure. In some embodiments, one or more of gNB 101, gNB 102, and gNB 103 support codebook design and architecture for systems having 2D antenna arrays.

[0056] although Figure 1 An example of a wireless network 100 is shown, but it is possible to... Figure 1 Various modifications can be made. For example, wireless network 100 can include any number of gNBs and any number of UEs in any suitable arrangement. Furthermore, gNB 101 can communicate directly with any number of UEs and provide those UEs with wireless broadband access to network 130. Similarly, each gNB 102-103 can communicate directly with network 130 and provide UEs with direct wireless broadband access to network 130. In addition, gNBs 101, 102, and / or 103 can provide access to other or additional external networks (such as external telephone networks or other types of data networks).

[0057] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Example wireless transmit and receive paths according to this disclosure are shown. In the following description, transmit path 200 can be described as being implemented in a gNB (such as gNB 102), while receive path 250 can be described as being implemented in a UE (such as UE 116). However, it should be understood that receive path 250 can be implemented in a gNB, and transmit path 200 can be implemented in a UE. In some embodiments, receive path 250 is configured to support codebook design and structure for a system having a 2D antenna array as described in embodiments of this disclosure.

[0058] The transmit path 200 includes a channel coding and modulation block 205, a serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 210, an N-point inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block 215, a parallel-to-serial (P-to-S) block 220, a cyclic prefix addition block 225, and an up-converter (UC) 230. The receive path 250 includes a down-converter (DC) 255, a cyclic prefix removal block 260, a serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 265, an N-point fast Fourier transform (FFT) block 270, a parallel-to-serial (P-to-S) block 275, and a channel decoding and demodulation block 280.

[0059] In transmit path 200, channel coding and modulation block 205 receives a set of information bits, applies coding (such as low-density parity-check (LDPC) coding), and modulates the input bits (such as using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)) to generate a sequence of frequency-domain modulated symbols. Serial-to-parallel (S-to-P) block 210 converts (e.g., demultiplexes) the serial modulated symbols into parallel data to generate N parallel symbol streams, where N is the number of IFFT / FFT points used in gNB 102 and UE 116. N-point IFFT block 215 performs IFFT operations on the N parallel symbol streams to generate a time-domain output signal. Parallel-to-serial block 220 converts (e.g., multiplexes) the parallel time-domain output symbols from N-point IFFT block 215 to generate a serial time-domain signal. Cyclic prefix addition block 225 inserts a cyclic prefix into the time-domain signal. Upconverter 230 modulates (e.g., upconverts) the output of the added cyclic prefix block 225 to an RF frequency for transmission via a wireless channel. The signal can also be filtered at the baseband before being converted to the RF frequency.

[0060] The RF signal transmitted from gNB 102 reaches UE 116 after passing through the wireless channel, and UE 116 performs the opposite operation to that at gNB 102. Downconverter 255 downconverts the received signal to the baseband frequency, and cyclic prefix removal block 260 removes the cyclic prefix to generate a serial time-domain baseband signal. Serial-to-parallel block 265 converts the time-domain baseband signal into a parallel time-domain signal. N-point FFT block 270 performs an FFT algorithm to generate N parallel frequency-domain signals. Parallel-to-serial block 275 converts the parallel frequency-domain signals into a sequence of modulated data symbols. Channel decoding and demodulation block 280 demodulates and decodes the modulated symbols to recover the original input data stream.

[0061] Each of gNBs 101-103 can implement a transmission path 200 similar to that used for transmission to UEs 111-116 in the downlink, and a reception path 250 similar to that used for reception from UEs 111-116 in the uplink. Similarly, each of UEs 111-116 can implement a transmission path 200 for transmission to gNBs 101-103 in the uplink, and a reception path 250 for reception from gNBs 101-103 in the downlink.

[0062] Figure 2a and Figure 2b Each of the components can be implemented using only hardware, or using a combination of hardware and software / firmware. As a specific example, Figure 2a and Figure 2b At least some of the components can be implemented in software, while others can be implemented in configurable hardware or a combination of software and configurable hardware. For example, FFT block 270 and IFFT block 215 can be implemented as configurable software algorithms, wherein the value of the number of points N can be modified according to the implementation method.

[0063] Furthermore, although the description uses FFT and IFFT, this is merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Other types of transforms, such as the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) functions, can be used. It should be understood that for DFT and IDFT functions, the value of variable N can be any integer (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.), while for FFT and IFFT functions, the value of variable N can be any integer that is a power of 2 (such as 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc.).

[0064] although Figure 2a and Figure 2b An example of a wireless transmit and receive path is shown, but it is possible to modify it further. Figure 2a and Figure 2b Make various changes. For example, Figure 2a and Figure 2b The various components can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed. Furthermore, Figure 2a and Figure 2b This is intended to illustrate examples of the types of send and receive paths that can be used in a wireless network. Any other suitable architecture can be used to support wireless communication in a wireless network.

[0065] Figure 3a Example UE 116 according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 3a The embodiment of UE 116 shown is for illustrative purposes only, and Figure 1UEs 111-115 can have the same or similar configurations. However, UEs have a wide variety of configurations, and Figure 3a This disclosure is not intended to limit the scope of any particular implementation of the UE.

[0066] UE 116 includes an antenna 301, a radio frequency (RF) transceiver 302, a transmit (TX) processing circuitry 303, a microphone 304, and a receive (RX) processing circuitry 305. UE 116 also includes a speaker 306, a controller / processor 307, an input / output (I / O) interface 308, multiple input devices 309, a display 310, and a memory 311. The memory 311 includes an operating system (OS) 312 and one or more applications 313.

[0067] RF transceiver 302 receives incoming RF signals transmitted by a gNB of wireless network 100 from antenna 301. RF transceiver 302 down-converts the incoming RF signals to generate an intermediate frequency (IF) or baseband signal. The IF or baseband signal is sent to RX processing circuitry 305, which generates a processed baseband signal by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signal. RX processing circuitry 305 sends the processed baseband signal to speaker 306 (e.g., for voice data) or to controller / processor 307 (e.g., for web browsing data) for further processing.

[0068] TX processing circuitry 303 receives analog or digital voice data from microphone 304, or other outgoing baseband data (such as network data, email, or interactive video game data) from controller / processor 307. TX processing circuitry 303 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate processed baseband or IF signals. RF transceiver 302 receives the processed baseband or IF signals from TX processing circuitry 303 and up-converts the baseband or IF signals into RF signals transmitted via antenna 301.

[0069] The controller / processor 307 may include one or more processors or other processing devices and execute an OS 312 stored in memory 311 to control the overall operation of the UE 116. For example, the controller / processor 307 may control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals through the RF transceiver 302, the RX processing circuit 305, and the TX processing circuit 303 according to known principles. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 307 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0070] The controller / processor 307 is also capable of executing other processes and programs residing in the memory 311, such as operations for channel quality measurement and reporting for a system having a 2D antenna array as described in the embodiments of this disclosure. The controller / processor 307 is capable of moving data into or out of the memory 311 as needed for the execution of the process. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 307 is configured to execute an application 313 based on the OS 312 or in response to signals received from a gNB or operator. The controller / processor 307 is also coupled to an I / O interface IF 308, which provides the UE 116 with the ability to connect to other devices such as laptop computers and handheld computers. The I / O interface 308 is the communication path between these accessories and the controller / processor 307.

[0071] The controller / processor 307 is also coupled to input devices(s) 309 and a display 310. An operator of the UE 116 can use the input devices(s) 309 to input data into the UE 116. The display 310 may be a liquid crystal display or another display capable of displaying text and / or at least limited graphics (such as from a website). Memory 311 is coupled to the controller / processor 307. A portion of memory 311 may include random access memory (RAM), while another portion of memory 311 may include flash memory or other read-only memory (ROM).

[0072] although Figure 3a An example of UE 116 is shown, but it is possible to... Figure 3a Make various changes. For example, Figure 3a The various components can be combined, further subdivided, or omitted, and additional components can be added as needed. As a specific example, the controller / processor 307 can be divided into multiple processors, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs) and one or more graphics processing units (GPUs). Furthermore, although... Figure 3a The UE116 is shown configured as a mobile phone or smartphone, but the UE can be configured to operate as other types of mobile or fixed devices.

[0073] Figure 3b An example gNB 102 according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 3b The embodiment of gNB 102 shown is for illustrative purposes only, and Figure 1 Other gNBs can have the same or similar configurations. However, gNBs have a wide variety of configurations, and Figure 3b The scope of this disclosure is not limited to any particular implementation of the gNB. It should be noted that gNB 101 and gNB 103 can include the same or similar structures as gNB 102.

[0074] like Figure 3b As shown, gNB 102 includes multiple antennas 370a-370n, multiple RF transceivers 372a-372n, transmit (TX) processing circuitry 374, and receive (RX) processing circuitry 376. In some embodiments, one or more of the multiple antennas 370a-370n include a 2D antenna array. gNB 102 also includes a controller / processor 378, a memory 380, and a backhaul or network interface 382.

[0075] RF transceivers 372a-372n receive incoming RF signals, such as signals transmitted by the UE or other gNBs, from antennas 370a-370n. RF transceivers 372a-372n down-convert the incoming RF signals to generate IF or baseband signals. The IF or baseband signals are sent to RX processing circuitry 376, which generates processed baseband signals by filtering, decoding, and / or digitizing the baseband or IF signals. RX processing circuitry 376 sends the processed baseband signals to controller / processor 378 for further processing.

[0076] The TX processing circuit 374 receives analog or digital data (such as voice data, network data, email, or interactive video game data) from the controller / processor 378. The TX processing circuit 374 encodes, multiplexes, and / or digitizes the outgoing baseband data to generate a processed baseband or IF signal. RF transceivers 372a-372n receive the outgoing processed baseband or IF signal from the TX processing circuit 374 and up-convert the baseband or IF signal into an RF signal transmitted via antennas 370a-370n.

[0077] The controller / processor 378 may include one or more processors or other processing devices that control the overall operation of the gNB 102. For example, the controller / processor 378 may control the reception of forward channel signals and the transmission of reverse channel signals via RF transceivers 372a-372n, RX processing circuitry 376, and TX processing circuitry 374, according to known principles. The controller / processor 378 may also support additional functions, such as more advanced wireless communication functions. For example, the controller / processor 378 may perform a BIS process, such as by a blind interference sensing (BIS) algorithm, and decode the received signal after subtracting interference. The controller / processor 378 may support any of a wide variety of other functions in the gNB 102. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 378 includes at least one microprocessor or microcontroller.

[0078] The controller / processor 378 is also capable of executing programs and other processes, such as a basic operating system, residing in the memory 380. The controller / processor 378 is also capable of supporting channel quality measurement and reporting for systems having 2D antenna arrays as described in embodiments of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the controller / processor 378 supports communication between entities such as web RTCs. The controller / processor 378 is capable of moving data into or out of the memory 380 as needed for the execution of processes.

[0079] The controller / processor 378 is also coupled to a backhaul or network interface 382. The backhaul or network interface 382 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other devices or systems via a backhaul connection or over a network. The backhaul or network interface 382 is capable of supporting communication via any suitable wired or wireless connection(s). For example, when the gNB 102 is implemented as part of a cellular communication system (such as a cellular communication system supporting 5G or new radio access technologies or NR, LTE, or LTE-A), the backhaul or network interface 382 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with other gNBs via a wired or wireless backhaul connection. When the gNB 102 is implemented as an access point, the backhaul or network interface 382 allows the gNB 102 to communicate with a larger network (such as the Internet) via a wired or wireless local area network or via a wired or wireless connection. The backhaul or network interface 382 includes any suitable architecture supporting communication via a wired or wireless connection, such as an Ethernet or RF transceiver.

[0080] Memory 380 is coupled to controller / processor 378. A portion of memory 380 may include RAM, while another portion may include flash memory or other ROM. In some embodiments, multiple instructions, such as a BIS algorithm, are stored in memory. The multiple instructions are configured to cause controller / processor 378 to perform the BIS process and decode the received signal after subtracting at least one interference signal determined by the BIS algorithm.

[0081] As described in more detail below, the transmit and receive paths of the gNB 102 (implemented using RF transceivers 372a-372n, TX processing circuitry 374, and / or RX processing circuitry 376) support aggregated communication with FDD and TDD cells.

[0082] although Figure 3b An example of gNB 102 is shown, but it is possible to compare it with other models. Figure 3b Various modifications can be made. For example, gNB102 can include any number of... Figure 3aEach component shown. As a specific example, an access point can include multiple backhaul or network interfaces 382, ​​and a controller / processor 378 can support routing functions to route data between different network addresses. As another specific example, although shown as a single instance including TX processing circuitry 374 and a single instance including RX processing circuitry 376, the gNB 102 can include multiple instances of each (such as one for each RF transceiver).

[0083] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0084] The text and accompanying drawings are provided by way of example only to aid the reader in understanding this disclosure. They are not intended and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure in any way. Although certain embodiments and examples have been provided, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art, based on the content disclosed herein, that changes may be made to the illustrated embodiments and examples without departing from the scope of this disclosure.

[0085] The Internet of Things (IoT) technology, characterized by low cost, low power consumption, and support for massive connectivity, is commonly used in smart factories, smart healthcare, and urban management—applications with numerous devices and where cost control is paramount—to achieve interconnected communication. Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) is a commercially deployed IoT technology. Compared to cell communication technologies, NB-IoT offers lower data rates, lower cost, wider coverage, and larger capacity, serving as an effective supplement to cell communication, which prioritizes medium to high speeds. However, NB-IoT's overall design remains within the cell communication framework, inheriting its basic design principles in device structure and signal design. Therefore, its cost cannot compete with simpler technologies like RFID; furthermore, its power consumption is typically supported by the device's built-in battery, resulting in a limited lifespan during extended communication. Therefore, a new IoT technology is needed that effectively reduces maintenance costs, offering lower cost, lower power consumption, and the ability to be charged by environmental signals, thereby addressing the shortcomings of NB-IoT.

[0086] This specification provides a technical design related to an IoT device that can be charged based on external signals. This type of IoT device can receive downlink signals and transmit uplink signals, powered by its own battery or by external signals. The methods for receiving downlink signals and transmitting uplink signals differ from traditional wireless communication methods. Downlink reception is primarily based on envelope detection, while uplink transmission can be based on uplink signals generated by the device itself or on backscattering. Backscattering refers to the device modulating its own information onto a carrier wave (CW) signal present in the environment or from other nodes, and then reflecting this modulated CW to complete the uplink signal transmission. Transmitting devices based on backscattering do not need to generate their own carrier signals, thus eliminating the need for amplifiers, mixers, and other RF circuits found in traditional communication equipment. This significantly reduces the cost of the device and the requirement for power supplies or batteries. In this application, since the transmission and charging of such IoT devices mainly rely on environmental signals, such IoT devices are referred to as Ambient IoT (AIoT) devices. This name is mainly for the sake of simplicity and is not intended to limit the scope of the devices (for example, AIoT devices may include devices that perform uplink transmission based on echo scattering, or devices that perform uplink transmission based on uplink signals generated by the device itself).

[0087] In an AIoT system, signals / channels such as data and services can be transmitted directly between the base station and AIoT nodes (e.g., tag devices); or they can be transmitted via intermediate nodes. For example, the base station sends information related to the AIoT system to the intermediate node, and the intermediate node sends data to the AIoT node; or the AIoT node sends data to the intermediate node, and the intermediate node then sends information related to the AIoT system to the base station.

[0088] In this specification, for services in an AIoT system, transmissions from a base station or intermediate node to an AIoT node are referred to as R2D (Reader to Device) transmissions, and transmissions from an AIoT node to a base station or intermediate node are referred to as D2R (Device to Reader) transmissions. Furthermore, transmissions related to the AIoT system from a base station to an intermediate node can be referred to as downlink transmissions or R2D transmissions, and transmissions related to the AIoT system from an intermediate node to a base station can be referred to as uplink transmissions or D2R transmissions. Unless otherwise specified in this specification, R2D / D2R transmissions correspond to the relationship between the transmitting and receiving nodes and are not used to limit the type of resources on which the transmission occurs (e.g., FDD uplink / downlink frequency bands or TDD uplink / downlink time slots in an NR system). For example, D2R transmissions in an AIoT system can also be transmitted and received on the downlink frequency band in an FDD system, and R2D transmissions in an AIoT system can also be transmitted and received on the uplink time slots in a TDD system.

[0089] The base station in this specification can also be replaced by other devices, such as communication devices attached to the base station, relay nodes, IAB nodes, repeater nodes, and bypass nodes. Any mechanism applicable to the base station in this specification can also be similarly used in scenarios where the base station is replaced by other nodes, and will not be repeated here. The difference between the communication device attached to the base station and the base station may include: the ability of this device to transmit DL signals / channels on the UL band in an FDD system and on the UL time unit in a TDD system, including transmitting DL signals / channels corresponding to communication between the base station and the UE, and DL signals / channels corresponding to communication between the base station and AIoT devices.

[0090] The intermediate node in this specification can be at least one of the following: relay node, IAB node, repeater node, and bypass node.

[0091] In the embodiments of this application, "below the threshold" can also be replaced with "below or equal to the threshold", "above (exceeding) the threshold" can also be replaced with "above or equal to the threshold", "less than or equal to" can also be replaced with "less than", and "greater than or equal to" can also be replaced with "greater than"; and vice versa.

[0092] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, the configuration information includes at least one of the following: information configured by the base station, information indicated in the received signaling, information configured by higher layers, and pre-configured information. Further, it can be a set of configuration information obtained through the above methods; it can also be multiple sets of configuration information obtained through the above methods, from which the UE or node can select a set of configuration information to use according to predefined conditions; or it can be a set of configuration information obtained through the above methods, and this set of configuration information contains multiple subsets, from which the UE or node can select a subset to use according to predefined conditions.

[0093] In the embodiments of this application, AIoT devices (such as tags) are simply referred to as devices, and base stations or intermediate nodes communicating with AIoT devices are collectively referred to as readers. In the embodiments of this application, UE, unless otherwise specified, includes device-type UEs and / or reader-type UEs.

[0094] In the embodiments of this application, AIoT device charging includes at least one of the following methods: RF energy harvesting, non-RF energy harvesting, and other charging methods (such as wired power).

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, UE capabilities, unless otherwise specified, include the UE capabilities of a device-type UE and / or the UE capabilities of a reader-type UE.

[0096] In the embodiments of this application, transmission, unless otherwise specified, includes sending and receiving, including device-to-reader (D2R) transmission and reader-to-device (R2D) transmission.

[0097] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, a time slot may be replaced with an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, a physical time length (e.g., ms), or other time units. For example, the number or index of time slots may also be replaced with the number or index of time units.

[0098] In the embodiments of this application, AIoT communication includes at least two types of communication processes: inventory and command.

[0099] In the embodiments of this application, for ease of description, the signaling during the inventory process is named in a simplified manner. However, the method in the embodiments of this application can still be applied even if the naming does not match the actual signaling naming, without affecting the scope of protection. During the inventory process, the reader can send a paging message and / or at least one triggering signaling to the device to trigger the inventory process; wherein, multiple triggering signaling to trigger the inventory process can be used to trigger multiple rounds of the inventory process (or a cycle or other description corresponding to multiple cycles); the paging message and / or triggering signaling is referred to as Msg0 in the embodiments of this application. After receiving Msg0, the device can send a signaling in response to Msg0, which can carry information related to the device's ID (e.g., an N-bit random ID) and / or information related to the device's capabilities or configuration (e.g., capabilities related to charging, information related to physical layer modulation methods / linear coding methods, etc.); the signaling in response to Msg0 is referred to as Msg1 in the embodiments of this application. After receiving Msg1, the reader may send a signaling response to Msg1 to the device. This signaling may carry information related to whether Msg1 was successfully received and / or whether the device sending Msg1 can access the system. In this embodiment, this signaling response to Msg1 is referred to as Msg2. After receiving Msg2, the device may send a signaling response to Msg2, which may carry information related to the device's ID (e.g., an EPC or other ID-related content), and / or data or other information that the device needs to report to the reader. In this embodiment, this signaling response to Msg2 is referred to as Msg3. After receiving Msg3, the reader may send a signaling response to Msg3 to the device. This signaling may carry information related to further configuration of the device and / or confirmation of receipt of Msg3 and / or further commands or data sent to the device. In this embodiment, this signaling response to Msg3 is referred to as Msg4.

[0100] For multiple rounds in the inventory process, each round corresponds to a trigger signaling message and at least one of Msg1, Msg2, Msg3, and Msg4 corresponding to that trigger signaling message; an inventory process may include multiple rounds, each round of which can be used by the device to perform inventory. In an exemplary embodiment, the inventory process sequentially includes:

[0101] The reader sends a paging message to the device, indicating relevant information about the devices that need to participate in the inventory process (e.g., device ID), and / or sends a trigger signal to the device to initiate the inventory process, indicating inventory-related information (e.g., indicating a Q value, where the number of rounds included in the inventory process is determined based on Q, e.g., 2). Q-1), the paging message and / or triggering signaling is called Msg0-A, corresponding to the first round of inventory;

[0102] The device determines its own inventory cycle based on Msg0-A (e.g., cycle 1 to 2). Q If a random number in the range of -1 is selected, and it is determined that inventory will be performed in the first round, Msg1-A is sent to the reader.

[0103] If the reader receives Msg1-A in the first round, it may continue to interact with the device through signaling messages such as Msg2-A, Msg3-A, and Msg4-A; after this interaction, the first round ends.

[0104] The reader sends a trigger signal to the device to trigger the inventory process, called Msg0-B, which corresponds to the second round of inventory.

[0105] If the device determines that it will perform inventory in the second round, it sends Msg1-B to the reader;

[0106] If the reader receives Msg1-B in the second round, it may continue to interact with the device through signaling such as Msg2-B, Msg3-B, and Msg4-B; after this interaction, the second round ends.

[0107] This process continues until all rounds of inventory counting have been completed. The inventory counting process is then finished.

[0108] This process is an exemplary embodiment of the inventory process and can be used to help illustrate the concept of rounds in inventory. Inventory processes in actual communication systems can be enhanced with other improvements based on this example, such as adjusting the number of inventory rounds based on the interaction status, adding instruction signaling interactions during the inventory process, and so on.

[0109] In the embodiments of this application, AIoT communication may include additional specific signals before, during, and after the transmission of AIoT signals / channels. These specific signals can be referred to as pre-amble, mid-amble, and post-amble based on their location and / or purpose. The pre-amble may include a Start Indication Part (SIP) indicating the start of the AIoT signal / channel and / or a Clock Acquire Part (CAP) indicating AIoT synchronization or timing-related information. The mid-amble may include a CAP indicating AIoT synchronization or timing-related information. The post-amble may include an End Indication Part (EIP) indicating the end of the AIoT signal / channel and / or a CAP indicating AIoT synchronization or timing-related information. The names SIP, CAP, and EIP are primarily used to simplify the subsequent description and are not intended to limit the scope of protection based on name similarity.

[0110] AIoT communication systems may be deployed on frequency bands adjacent to or close to 5G NR communication systems. When AIoT UEs and NR UEs are not physically isolated (e.g., without wall obstructions), the two types of communication systems can interfere with each other. One feasible approach is to introduce additional methods (e.g., OOK / BPSK modulation of OFDM-based signals, including linear coding-based modulation) to generate AIoT signals, building upon the OFDM signal generation method in the NR system. This allows the coexistence of AIoT and NR signals to benefit from the orthogonality of OFDM signals in the NR system, resulting in significantly lower interference compared to coexistence interference from other AIoT signal generation methods that do not rely on OFDM signals.

[0111] A common method for generating AIoT signals is to map information bits into codewords using linear encoding and then modulate them into wireless signals. A codeword can include multiple code chips, and each code chip corresponds to a different waveform or state of the wireless signal under different modulation methods. For example, when linearly encoded in Manchester code, the codeword corresponding to information bit '0' is [1 0], which includes two code chips; the codeword corresponding to information bit '1' is [0 1], which also includes two code chips. When the modulation method is OOK, codeword 0 corresponds to a low level, and codeword 1 corresponds to a high level; when the modulation method is BPSK, codeword 0 corresponds to a negative phase (so it can also be called '-1'), and codeword 1 corresponds to a positive phase. Alternatively, information bits can be directly mapped to codewords / chips without relying on linear coding. For example, information bit '0' corresponds to codeword [0], which is a chip. When the modulation scheme is OOK, this chip is at a low level. Similarly, information bit '1' corresponds to a chip at a high level (under OOK modulation). This information bit can be generated after being appended with FEC and / or CRC.

[0112] When AIoT signals are generated by linearly encoding information bits into codewords and modulating them into wireless signals based on the OFDM signal generation method in NR systems, a similar step needs to be included in AIoT signal generation, corresponding to the method of adding CP (Concurrent Probability) in the OFDM signal generation method in NR systems. This step is a necessary component for maintaining the orthogonality between OFDM-based signals. This step may include copying the signal waveform corresponding to a specific time length of an OFDM symbol and adding it before the start position of that OFDM symbol. Figure 4 This is an example of adding a CP.

[0113] After introducing the method of adding CP in AIoT signal generation, the waveform of the corresponding CP part may affect the correct decoding of AIoT signals. Figure 5 This is an example of how CP introduces incorrect decoding. The diagram uses Manchester code as the linear encoding, and the part copied as CP introduces erroneous rising / falling edges. Therefore, based on the Manchester code decoding mechanism, it is decoded as an incorrect bit that was not originally present. Thus, this problem needs to be corrected.

[0114] This disclosure provides a method for generating AIoT signals based on the CP processing method in OFDM signals when the device and / or reader (hereinafter collectively referred to as UE) generates AIoT signals (for simplicity, they are collectively referred to as AIoT signals, which may specifically include signals / channels and prefixes, infixes, suffixes, etc.) in a communication system based on low-cost and low-power IoT devices, and for using additional means to ensure that the CP processing method does not cause additional impact on the transmission and reception of AIoT signals.

[0115] In this disclosure, for ease of description, in some exemplary embodiments, the following method is referred to simply as CP processing: for at least one signal in an AIoT signal corresponding to a first time length, a signal of a second time length corresponding to the end of the signal of the first time length is copied and added before the start position of the signal corresponding to the first time length.

[0116] For ease of description, in some exemplary embodiments, the signal that is copied and added before the start position of the signal corresponding to the first time length is referred to as the CP portion in the AIoT signal (further, it may be the CP portion of the signal corresponding to the first time length).

[0117] Figure 6 A flowchart of a method performed by a first UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0118] refer to Figure 6 In step S601, the first UE generates a first signal, wherein the first signal includes at least one third signal corresponding to a first time length, and wherein each of the at least one third signal includes a fourth signal corresponding to a second time length, and the fourth signal is located at the end of the third signal including the fourth signal.

[0119] In step S602, the first UE generates a second signal based on a first condition, wherein the second signal includes at least one third signal and at least one fifth signal, wherein each of the at least one fifth signal corresponds to one of the at least one third signal, and each of the at least one fifth signal is located before the third signal corresponding to the fifth signal.

[0120] In step S603, the first UE sends a second signal to the second UE. The first condition is used to determine the method for generating at least one fifth signal, and / or to determine whether to generate at least one fifth signal.

[0121] Specifically, the first UE may generate a first signal by modulation based on information bits, or based on information bits and linear coding; wherein the first signal includes at least one third signal corresponding to a first time length; wherein, among the at least one third signal corresponding to the first time length, the signal at the end corresponding to a second time length is referred to as a fourth signal.

[0122] Furthermore, based on the first condition, for at least one third signal included in the first signal, the first UE can use at least one of the following methods to copy and add a fourth signal corresponding to a second time length at the end of the third signal before the start position of the third signal, thereby generating a second signal:

[0123] The at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal;

[0124] The at least one third signal other than the fourth signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is generated using other methods, and the fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal;

[0125] The at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal, wherein the value of at least one chip in the fourth signal is changed when a third condition is met, and / or the value of at least one chip in the fifth signal is changed when the third condition is met.

[0126] The at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, or other signals besides the fourth signal are generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding. The generated at least one third signal and / or other signals besides the fourth signal are adjusted, and the fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal. The adjustment includes at least one of the following: adjusting the start position of the third signal in each or the first or qualifying OFDM symbol (this can be achieved by adding padding chips before the start position of the third signal); adjusting the number of chips corresponding to the third signal and / or the fourth signal in each or the first or qualifying OFDM symbol; wherein the qualifying OFDM symbol includes: the first chip in the OFDM symbol corresponding to the first chip of the linearly encoded codeword.

[0127] Generate at least one fifth signal based on information bits;

[0128] Generate at least one fifth signal based on a preset value or sequence;

[0129] At least one fifth signal is generated based on the values ​​of signals before the start position of the fifth signal and / or based on the values ​​of signals after the end position of the fifth signal.

[0130] In addition, the first UE can send the second signal to the second UE.

[0131] In this process, the first UE copies and adds a fourth signal corresponding to the second time length at the end of the third signal before the start position of the third signal. For ease of description, the copied and added signal may be referred to as the fifth signal in this disclosure.

[0132] The first time length includes one OFDM symbol. Correspondingly, the third signal includes the signal in the first signal that corresponds to one OFDM symbol.

[0133] The second time length may correspond to the CP length in the NR system, and further includes one or more CP lengths supported by the NR system. Accordingly, the fourth signal, corresponding to the portion of the second time length at the end of the third signal, includes the signal in the first signal corresponding to an OFDM symbol that is copied as the CP portion. Accordingly, the fifth signal, copied by the fourth signal and added before the third signal, includes the CP portion of the signal corresponding to an OFDM symbol.

[0134] Figure 7 A flowchart of a method performed by a second UE according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0135] refer to Figure 7 In step S701, the second UE receives a second signal from the first UE, wherein the second signal includes at least one third signal corresponding to a first time length.

[0136] In step S702, the second UE determines, based on a first condition, whether the second signal includes at least one fifth signal, and / or determines a method for generating at least one fifth signal, and / or determines whether to remove at least one fifth signal from the second signal, wherein each of the at least one fifth signal corresponds to one of the at least one third signal, and each of the at least one fifth signal is located before a third signal corresponding to the fifth signal.

[0137] In step S703, the second UE determines, based on the second condition, a method for generating at least one fourth signal corresponding to the second time length, and / or determines whether to remove at least one fourth signal from the second signal, wherein the at least one fourth signal is included in at least one third signal and is at the end of at least one third signal.

[0138] In step S704, the second UE decodes the first signal, wherein the first signal is a signal after removing at least one fifth signal from the second signal, and / or after removing at least one fourth signal from the second signal, or without removing at least one fifth signal and at least one fourth signal from the second signal.

[0139] Specifically, the second UE can receive a second signal sent by the first UE, wherein the second signal includes at least one third signal corresponding to a first time length.

[0140] Furthermore, the second UE may, based on a first condition, determine whether the second signal includes at least one fifth signal, and / or determine the generation method of at least one fifth signal, and / or determine whether to remove at least one fifth signal from the second signal; wherein the fifth signal is a signal generated by copying a fourth signal corresponding to a second time length at the end of the third signal and adding it before the start position of the third signal.

[0141] Furthermore, the second UE may determine, based on the second condition, a method for generating at least one fourth signal, and / or determine whether to remove at least one fourth signal from the second signal; wherein the fourth signal is the portion of the at least one third signal corresponding to the first time length that corresponds to the second time length at its end.

[0142] Furthermore, the second UE can decode the first signal, including based on information bits, or based on information bits and linear coding, by demodulating and decoding the first signal. The first signal is a signal obtained by removing at least one fifth signal from the second signal, and / or removing at least one fourth signal from the second signal, or without performing the removal from the second signal.

[0143] Figure 8 This is an example diagram of the above method, providing an example of the relationship and positional relationship between the first signal, the second signal, the third signal, the fourth signal, and the fifth signal.

[0144] Optionally, the first UE is a reader in the AIoT system, and the second UE is a device in the AIoT system.

[0145] The first condition may be used to determine a method for copying and adding the fourth signal before the start position of the third signal, and / or to determine whether to copy and add the fourth signal before the start position of the third signal.

[0146] The first condition includes at least one of the following:

[0147] Configurations or predefined criteria related to CP processing, and / or related to the fifth signal, and / or related to the fourth signal;

[0148] Indications related to the method of CP processing and / or the method of generating the fifth signal and / or the method of generating the fourth signal; optionally, for the method of CP processing used in the R2D channel (e.g., PRDCH), the indication is included in the corresponding prefix (or infix and / or suffix) of the R2D channel.

[0149] Parameters related to chip length and / or transmission rate; wherein, the parameter includes the number of chips M included in each OFDM symbol, since the length of the OFDM symbol can be determined by wireless communication-related configurations such as subcarrier spacing SCS and slot length, M can be considered as a parameter related to chip length; wherein, the calculation of M may or may not include the CP part;

[0150] Whether the number of information bits corresponding to the AIoT signal exceeds the threshold, and / or whether the transmission time length corresponding to the AIoT signal exceeds the threshold;

[0151] Will the generation of the fifth signal introduce incorrect decoding results?

[0152] The method determines whether the generation of the fifth signal will introduce erroneous decoding results, including at least one of the following: the generated fifth signal contains rising and / or falling edges; the total number of rising and falling edges in the generated fifth signal exceeds a predetermined threshold (optionally, more than one); after the fifth signal is generated, the second signal including the fifth signal has additional rising and / or falling edges compared to the first signal. The advantage of this method is that if no erroneous decoding results are introduced after the fifth signal is generated, CP processing can be performed using more conventional methods; otherwise, if erroneous decoding results are introduced, the first UE can avoid the generation of erroneous decoding results through additional processing methods (e.g., other methods for generating the fourth signal), thereby enabling the second UE to correctly receive and decode the second signal.

[0153] Furthermore, since the erroneously decoded signal portion corresponding to the rising edge and / or falling edge introduced by the fifth signal may be removed by the second UE itself, and this removal may be performed based on the chip length corresponding to the rising edge and / or falling edge introduced by the fifth signal, it is also possible to determine whether the generation of the fifth signal will introduce erroneous decoding results based on the parameters related to chip length and / or transmission rate in the first condition. Therefore, whether the generation of the fifth signal will introduce erroneous decoding results may also include at least one of the following: whether the chip length in the generated fifth signal is greater than the second time length, and / or whether the chip length corresponding to the rising edge and / or falling edge introduced by the fifth signal is greater than the second time length; whether the degree of difference between the chip length in the generated fifth signal and the second time length (e.g., the difference and / or ratio between the chip length and the second time length) meets a preset / configured threshold range, and / or whether the degree of difference between the chip length corresponding to the rising edge and / or falling edge introduced by the fifth signal and the second time length (e.g., the difference and / or ratio between the chip length and the second time length) meets a preset / configured threshold range.

[0154] Optionally, the conditions in the first condition regarding whether the number of information bits corresponding to the AIoT signal exceeds the threshold, and / or whether the transmission time length corresponding to the AIoT signal exceeds the threshold, can also be replaced by or further include: whether the signaling type corresponding to the AIoT signal corresponds to one or more specific types; for example, whether it corresponds to paging signaling, or whether it corresponds to trigger signaling in an inventory cycle (or a round of inventory, which can be transmitted at the beginning of the inventory cycle), or whether it corresponds to Msg2 and / or Msg4, or whether it corresponds to signaling corresponding to AIoT command communication. The technical advantage of this method is that, since AIoT signals can correspond to several specific signaling types (such as paging signaling at higher layers, triggering signaling at the beginning of each inventory cycle, and specific signaling in the inventory cycle (such as Msg2, Msg4, etc.), and some specific signaling types can correspond to specific formats, the number of information bits or the range of information bits corresponding to them can be predicted (for example, paging signaling may correspond to 200 bits or more; for example, specific signaling such as Msg2, Msg4 may correspond to 96 bits), and the transmission time length corresponding to AIoT signals can be determined based on the number of information bits and the value of M, as well as other physical layer parameters such as linear coding, CRC, FEC, etc., whether the number of information bits corresponding to AIoT signals exceeds the threshold and / or whether the transmission time length corresponding to AIoT signals exceeds the threshold can also be determined based on the signaling type. Furthermore, since the UE's physical layer may not be able to determine the type of some signaling, for example, when the signaling corresponds to higher-layer signaling, its content is transparent to the UE; therefore, the UE can determine the type of signaling by combining the transmission process and other signaling sent / received. For example, after the UE starts a communication process corresponding to inventory, the first signaling expected to be received is paging signaling; after the UE sends Msg1 / Msg3, the next signaling expected to be received is Msg2 / Msg4; after starting a communication process corresponding to a command, the expected signaling to be received is the signaling corresponding to the command communication.

[0155] Optionally, based on the parameters related to chip length and / or transmission rate in the first condition, it further includes based on at least one of the following:

[0156] Is the chip length greater than the second time length?

[0157] The degree of difference between the chip length and the second time length, for example, whether the difference and / or ratio between the chip length and the second time length meets a preset / configured threshold range;

[0158] Whether the number of chips corresponding to the fourth and / or fifth signals exceeds the preset / configured threshold range.

[0159] Optionally, the first UE determines a plurality of methods for copying and adding a fourth signal before the start position of the third signal, and always uses at least one of the plurality of methods, and uses at least one other of the plurality of methods when one or more of the first conditions or at least one of the first conditions is met.

[0160] Optionally, the first UE determines a plurality of methods for copying and adding a fourth signal before the start position of the third signal, and uses at least one of the plurality of methods when one or more of the first conditions are met, and uses at least one other of the plurality of methods when one or more of the first conditions are not met.

[0161] Optionally, based on the first condition, the first UE may also determine not to perform the operation of copying a signal of a first time length corresponding to the end of a signal corresponding to a time unit (e.g., an OFDM symbol) and adding it before the start position of the signal corresponding to the time unit; that is, not to perform operations related to CP processing on the AIoT signal. The advantage of this method is its low complexity and reduced overhead corresponding to the CP part. The disadvantage is that it cannot utilize the orthogonality of OFDM signals to mitigate interference from coexistence with NR. Therefore, this method can be used in stand-alone deployment scenarios or in scenarios where the deployment frequency bands of AIoT and NR systems are significantly separated.

[0162] Wherein, at least one of the fourth signals is generated based on information bits, or based on information bits and linear encoding (i.e., the generation method is not changed due to CP processing), and / or generated by at least one of the following methods (i.e., a special generation method is adopted for the fourth signal corresponding to a specific time range due to CP processing):

[0163] The values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are based on preset values.

[0164] The values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are preset values, including a sequence of multiple preset values.

[0165] The values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on the state of the last M3 chips before the starting position of the fourth signal in the third signal corresponding to the fourth signal; for example, if M3 = 1, and the state of the last chip before the starting position of the fourth signal is 0 (e.g., a low level after OOK modulation), then the value of the first M1 chips or codewords in the fourth signal is 0; wherein the M1 chips or codewords can be a part of the fourth signal or the entire fourth signal depending on the different values ​​of M1;

[0166] The values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the initial M1 chips or codewords and / or the final M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on the state of the initial M3 chips in the third signal corresponding to the fourth signal; for example, if M3 = 1, and the state of the first chip at the starting position of the third signal is 0 (e.g., a low level after OOK modulation), then the value of the final M1 chips or codewords in the fourth signal is 0; wherein the M1 chips or codewords can be a part of the fourth signal or the entire fourth signal depending on the different values ​​of M1;

[0167] The values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the initial M1 chips or codewords and / or the final M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on the state of the last M3 chips in the last third signal preceding the third signal corresponding to the fourth signal; wherein, the last M3 chips may be included in the fourth signal that precedes the third signal corresponding to the fourth signal; for example, if M3 = 1, and the state of the last chip in the last third signal preceding the third signal corresponding to the fourth signal is 0 (e.g., a low level after OOK modulation), then the initial M1 chips or codewords in the fourth signal have a value of 0; wherein, the M1 chips or codewords may be a part of the fourth signal or the entire fourth signal depending on the different values ​​of M1.

[0168] Among them, at least one of the values ​​of M1, M2 and M3 can be a preset, configured, implementation-based value, or it can be determined based on a parameter related to chip length and / or transmission rate. The specific details of the parameter and the use of the parameter are similar to those in the first condition.

[0169] Optionally, when the number of chips corresponding to the fourth signal is not an integer, the value of the first chip corresponding to the fourth signal, and / or the last chip corresponding to the fourth signal, and / or at least one chip that partially corresponds to the fourth signal and partially does not, can also be determined using at least one of the above methods (i.e., based on a preset value, based on a specific M3 chips, etc.). Optionally, when at least one chip partially corresponds to the fourth signal and partially does not, the portion corresponding to the fourth signal is generated using at least one of the above methods, and the portion not corresponding to the fourth signal is generated based on information bits, or based on information bits and linear encoding (i.e., the generation method is not changed due to CP processing).

[0170] The method for generating at least one of the fourth signals (including the methods described above that do not change the generation method due to CP processing and the methods that adopt a special generation method for the fourth signal corresponding to a specific time range due to CP processing) is based on the second condition.

[0171] The second condition includes at least one of the following:

[0172] At least one first condition;

[0173] For every N third signals, the fourth signals corresponding to the Nn third signals are generated using one method (e.g., based on information bits, or based on information bits and linear encoding), while the fourth signals corresponding to the other n third signals are generated using another method; where N and n are non-negative integers. In an exemplary embodiment, N = 2, n = 1;

[0174] Does the CP processing introduce erroneous (i.e., missing corresponding information bits) rising and / or falling edges?

[0175] The CP processing introduces erroneous (i.e., no corresponding information bits) signal rising and / or falling edges, and the signal length between at least two of the erroneous signal rising and / or falling edges, and / or the signal length between at least one erroneous signal rising and / or falling edge and at least one signal rising and / or falling edge in the first signal, meets the third condition.

[0176] Whether the CP processing introduces erroneous (i.e., no corresponding information bits) rising and / or falling edges of the signal further includes at least one of the following:

[0177] After CP processing, compared with the original signal (i.e., compared with the first signal), there are additional signal rising edges and / or falling edges;

[0178] After CP processing, compared with the original signal (i.e., compared with the second signal and the first signal), the length of at least one chip corresponding to the rising edge and / or falling edge of the additional signal meets the third condition.

[0179] The technical principle and beneficial effects of this method are similar to those of determining whether the generation of the fifth signal will introduce erroneous decoding results.

[0180] Optionally, the third condition includes at least one of the following:

[0181] Whether the signal length between at least two of the erroneous signal rising and / or falling edges, and / or whether the signal length between at least one erroneous signal rising and / or falling edge and at least one of the first signals rising and / or falling edges is greater than the second time length;

[0182] Whether the difference and / or ratio of the signal length between at least two erroneous signal rising and / or falling edges to the second time length meets a preset / configured threshold range, and / or whether the difference and / or ratio of the signal length between at least one erroneous signal rising and / or falling edge and at least one signal rising and / or falling edge in the first signal to the second time length meets a preset / configured threshold range;

[0183] The number of erroneous signal rising edges and / or falling edges, and / or the number of chips corresponding to erroneous signal rising edges and / or falling edges, whether exceed a preset / configured threshold range. Optionally, the chips corresponding to erroneous signal rising edges and / or falling edges include: the start position and / or end position of the chip corresponding to the erroneous signal rising edge and / or falling edge.

[0184] Optionally, the first UE determines multiple methods for generating the at least one fourth signal, and always uses at least one of the multiple methods, and uses at least one other of the multiple methods when one or more or at least one of the second conditions is met.

[0185] Optionally, the first UE determines multiple methods for generating the at least one fourth signal, and uses at least one of the multiple methods when one or more of the second conditions are met, and uses at least one other of the multiple methods when one or more of the second conditions are not met.

[0186] Optionally, the calculation and usage of the number of chips M included in each OFDM symbol can be determined based on at least one of the following: whether a fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal, the method of copying and adding the fourth signal before the start position of the third signal, the method of generating the at least one fourth signal, and the method of generating the at least one fifth signal. This includes whether the number of chips included in the fifth signal is included in the value of M and whether the number of chips included in the fourth signal is included in the value of M.

[0187] In one exemplary embodiment, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal is to generate the fifth signal based on information bits, in which case the number of chips included in the fifth signal is included in the value of M. In another exemplary embodiment, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal is to generate the fifth signal by copying the fourth signal from the third signal following the fifth signal and adding the copied fourth signal to the front of the third signal, in which case the number of chips included in the fifth signal is not included in the value of M.

[0188] In another exemplary embodiment, if the method for generating the at least one fourth signal is based on information bits or on the information bits and linear encoding, then the number of chips included in the fourth signal is included in the value of M. In another exemplary embodiment, if the method for generating the at least one fourth signal is based on a preset value / sequence, and / or based on at least one of the states of chips before the start position of the fourth signal, the states of chips in the third signal containing the fourth signal, and the states of chips in the last third signal preceding the third signal containing the fourth signal, then the number of chips included in the fourth signal is not included in the value of M.

[0189] In another exemplary embodiment, the method for the first UE to generate the second signal includes: the third signal being a signal corresponding to the time length of the portion of an OFDM symbol that does not correspond to the CP, wherein the third signal in each OFDM symbol includes M chips. The first UE generates the first MK chips of the third signal in each OFDM symbol based on information bits or based on information bits and linear coding, and uses padding chips as the last K chips of the third signal in each OFDM symbol, such as... Figure 9 As shown. Here, the value of K is the smallest integer that ensures the length of the K chips is not less than the CP length. For example, when M = 24, the CP length is approximately 1.875 chips (long CP) or 1.688 chips (normal CP), then K = 2. The value of the padding chips is a preset value. Figure 9In the example, its value is set to 1, but in other examples it can also be set to 0. After the second UE receives the second signal, it can remove the padding chip and / or CP (it can only be removed if the generation of CP introduces an incorrect decoding result. Determining the incorrect decoding result includes determining it based on the position corresponding to CP and / or the length of the chip corresponding to CP. This has been explained in other embodiments regarding whether the generation of the fifth signal will introduce an incorrect decoding result), and decode the remaining signals.

[0190] In another exemplary embodiment, the method for the first UE to generate the second signal includes: the third signal being a signal corresponding to the time length of the portion of an OFDM symbol that does not correspond to the CP, wherein the third signal in each OFDM symbol includes M chips. The first UE generates the first MK chips of the third signal in each OFDM symbol based on information bits or based on information bits and linear coding, and uses padding chips as the last K chips of the third signal in each OFDM symbol, such as... Figure 10 As shown. Here, K is the smallest integer that ensures the length of the K chips is not less than the CP length. The value of the padding chip is the same as the value of the first chip in the OFDM symbol containing the padding chip. After receiving the second signal, the second UE can remove the padding chip and / or CP (this can be removed only if the CP generation introduces an incorrect decoding result; determining the incorrect decoding result includes based on the position corresponding to the CP and / or the length of the chip corresponding to the CP, as explained in other embodiments regarding whether the generation of the fifth signal will introduce an incorrect decoding result), and decode the remaining signals. In this method, since the value of CP is always the same as the first chip after the CP, there will be no transition edge at the end position of the CP; the possible occurrence of a transition edge at the start position of the CP can be understood as advancing the position of the transition edge generated based on modulation / modulation and linear coding from the start position of the first chip to the start position of the CP, which does not affect the normal detection of the receiver; therefore, in this method, only the padding chip needs to be removed.

[0191] In another exemplary embodiment, the method for the first UE to generate the second signal includes: the third signal being a signal corresponding to the time length of the portion of an OFDM symbol that does not correspond to the CP, wherein the third signal in each OFDM symbol includes M chips. The first UE uses the padding chips as the first K and last K chips in the third signal of each OFDM symbol, and generates the remaining M-2K chips in the third signal of each OFDM symbol based on information bits or based on information bits and linear coding, such as... Figure 11 As shown. Here, K is the smallest integer that ensures the length of the K chips is not less than the CP length. The value of the padding chip is a preset value. Figure 11In some examples, the value is set to 1, but in others it can be set to 0; or, the value of the padding chip is the same as the value of the first chip in the OFDM symbol in which the padding chip is located. After receiving the second signal, the second UE can remove the padding chip and / or the CP (which can be removed only if the generation of the CP introduces an incorrect decoding result; the determination of the incorrect decoding result includes determining it based on the position of the CP and / or the length of the chip corresponding to the CP, as explained in other embodiments regarding whether the generation of the fifth signal will introduce an incorrect decoding result), and decode the remaining signals.

[0192] In another exemplary embodiment, the method for the first UE to generate the second signal specifically includes that each OFDM symbol includes M chips (which may be the number of chips included in the part not corresponding to the CP), the first chip in the first OFDM symbol or the first chip in every odd number of OFDM symbols is a padding chip (e.g., a chip whose value is always 1, or a chip whose value is always the same as the second chip), and the remaining M-1 chips are generated after the information bits are modulated and linearly encoded. In this example, the linear encoding is Manchester code, the codeword corresponding to information bit 0 consists of two chips [1 0], and the codeword corresponding to information bit 1 consists of two chips [0 1]. In this example, M is always a multiple of 2. The technical effect of this method is that Manchester code determines information bits by transitions between high and low or low and high levels. These transitions occur between two chips in the codeword. Without padding chips, Manchester code transitions always occur within the OFDM symbol, not at its edge. Therefore, it's possible for a chip at the end of one OFDM symbol to be 1, and another chip at the end of the next OFDM symbol to be 1. Without a CP (phase shift), these transitions should not be detected, but the addition of a CP of 0 leads to the detection of an incorrect transition edge. The addition of a CP (Chip Pair) can cause decoding errors (or conversely, if the information bit is 0 and the CP is 1, the principle is similar). However, after adding padding chips, the boundary of the OFDM symbol (except for the starting edge of the first OFDM symbol) corresponds to the transition edge of the Manchester code. That is, the chips before and after the boundary of the OFDM symbol always include different values ​​of 0 and 1. Therefore, no matter whether the added CP is 0 or 1, its corresponding waveform will always have the same value as one of the chips before and after the boundary of the OFDM symbol. Therefore, adding CP can avoid causing additional transition edges and thus avoid introducing decoding errors.

[0193] In another exemplary embodiment, the method for the first UE to generate the second signal includes each OFDM symbol comprising M chips (which may be the number of chips included in the portion not corresponding to the CP), the M chips being generated after information bits are modulated and linearly encoded; wherein, in the first OFDM symbol used for the second signal, M = M1, in other OFDM symbols, M = M2, and in the last OFDM symbol, M = M3, M2 is always a multiple of 2, M1 = M2+1 or M1 = M2-1, M3 = M2 or M3 = M2+1 or M3 = M2-1 (which may be determined according to the end position of the second signal; for example, the number of chips obtained by mapping information bits corresponds to the end position of the second signal; if the position is not aligned with the end edge of the OFDM symbol, chips are continued to be filled until M3 = M2; otherwise, M3 may be M2+1 or M3 = M2-1). This method can be implemented by adjusting the length of the chips in the first and / or last OFDM symbol.

[0194] In another exemplary embodiment, the method for the first UE to generate the second signal includes: each OFDM symbol includes M chips (which may be the number of chips included in the part that does not correspond to the CP, or the total number of chips included in the parts that correspond to and do not correspond to the CP); when M is greater than a threshold, the first UE generates a third signal and / or a fourth signal by adding padding chips / padding bits as in other embodiments, and generates the second signal accordingly; when M is less than the threshold, the first UE generates a third signal and / or a fourth signal by adjusting the starting position of the third signal in the first OFDM symbol (e.g., adding a padding chip before the starting position of the third signal) or adjusting the number of chips in the first / qualified OFDM symbol as in other embodiments, and generates the second signal accordingly. The technical effect of this method is that when M is less than the threshold, the CP part corresponds to less than one chip, so there may be a transition edge at the edge of the CP, but there is no transition edge inside the CP. Therefore, the error decoding caused by the CP can be avoided by adjusting the position of the transition edge of the Manchester code. However, when M exceeds the threshold, the CP part corresponds to multiple chips, and there may still be a transition edge inside the CP. Therefore, even if the error decoding caused by the edge of the CP is avoided by adjusting the position of the transition edge of the Manchester code, the error decoding caused by the transition edge inside the CP still cannot be solved. It is also necessary to combine padding bits to ensure that the generated CP does not include transition edges.

[0195] In another exemplary embodiment, the method for the first UE to generate the second signal includes: each OFDM symbol includes M chips (which may be the number of chips included in the part that does not correspond to the CP, or the total number of chips included in the parts that correspond to and do not correspond to the CP); when M is greater than a threshold, the first UE generates a third signal and / or a fourth signal by increasing the number of padding chips / padding bits as in other embodiments, and / or by adjusting the starting position of the third signal, and / or by adjusting the number of chips in the first / qualified OFDM symbol, and generates the second signal accordingly; when M is less than the threshold, the first UE generates the second signal through the first signal, and does not use any special method to process the third and fourth signals, that is, the way the generated signal is changed due to CP processing. In this method, it is assumed that the receiver removes the signal of the CP part to handle the decoding error introduced by the CP. The technical advantage of this method is that when M is less than the threshold, the chip length is relatively large, and the CP part corresponds to less than one chip. Therefore, after the receiver removes the CP part, although there may be errors due to factors such as clock offset (e.g., the offset between the removed CP and the actual received CP position), resulting in the detection of erroneous transition edges, the distance between the detected transition edges (i.e., the chip length between two transition edges) is usually much smaller than the length of a conventional linearly encoded chip. Therefore, the method of the receiver removing the CP can have a relatively small impact on system performance. However, when M is greater than the threshold, the chip length is small, and the CP part corresponds to multiple chips, making removal more complex. Furthermore, the erroneous transition edges that may be detected after removing the CP are more difficult to distinguish from conventionally linearly encoded chips, resulting in a significant negative impact on system performance. Additional means are needed to handle the erroneous decoding introduced by the CP.

[0196] In another exemplary embodiment, the method for the first UE to generate the second signal includes that each OFDM symbol includes M chips (which may be the number of chips included in the part that does not correspond to the CP, or the total number of chips included in the parts that correspond to and do not correspond to the CP). When M is less than a threshold, the first UE generates the third signal and / or the fourth signal by adjusting the starting position of the third signal in other embodiments, and / or by adjusting the number of chips in the first / qualified OFDM symbol, and generates the second signal accordingly. When M is greater than the threshold, the first UE generates the second signal through the first signal, and does not use any special method to process the third signal and the fourth signal, that is, the way the signal is generated is not changed due to CP processing. In this method, it is assumed that the receiver removes the signal of the CP part to handle the decoding error introduced by the CP. The technical advantage of this method is that when M is less than the threshold, the error decoding caused by CP can be avoided by adjusting the position of the Manchester code transition edge (the specific principle has been explained in the previous embodiments); when M is greater than the threshold, since the CP part corresponds to multiple chips, the processing method is relatively complex. The receiver can remove it by itself, which can reduce the complexity of signal generation and avoid the signal overhead caused by adding padding bits / adjusting the number of chips, thereby improving the transmission efficiency.

[0197] In AIoT communication systems, the generation of at least one of the prefix, infix, and suffix can also be based on CP processing, thereby reducing inter-system coexistence interference. Since the prefix, infix, and suffix typically include one or more preset sequences, these sequences are known or relatively predictable to both the transmitting and receiving UEs. Therefore, their CP processing can use special methods. For example, a preset CP processing method can be used for a given prefix sequence, while other CP processing methods can be used for other signals / channels.

[0198] Optionally, at least one of the following methods—whether to copy and add the fourth signal before the start position of the third signal, and / or the method of generating the at least one fourth signal, and / or the method of generating the at least one fifth signal—can be determined based on at least one of the following:

[0199] Whether the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to at least one of the prefix, infix, and suffix;

[0200] Whether the first signal and / or the second signal correspond to data or physical layer control information or PRDCH;

[0201] Whether the first signal and / or the second signal correspond to at least one of SIP, EIP, and CAP.

[0202] Optionally, when the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to at least one of a prefix, infix, or suffix, and / or corresponds to a SIP and / or an EIP, and / or the corresponding sequence is a preset or configured first sequence, then at least one of the following methods is executed:

[0203] A fifth signal is generated based on a preset value or a first sequence; in a specific example, the first sequence is a sequence of continuous low level or a sequence of continuous high level, such as [00000000……] or [11111111……], where 1 can be a high level after OOK modulation and 0 can be a low level after OOK modulation;

[0204] The fifth signal is generated by copying the fourth signal from the third signal following the fifth signal and adding the copied fourth signal before the third signal;

[0205] Based on at least one of the states of the last M3 chips before the start position of the fourth signal, and / or the states of the first M3 chips in the third signal where the fourth signal is located, and / or the states of the last M3 chips in the last third signal before the third signal where the fourth signal is located, all chips or the first M1 chips / codewords or the last M1 chips / codewords in the fourth signal are generated; in a specific example, the values ​​of all chips or the first M1 chips / codewords or the last M1 chips / codewords in the fourth signal are the same as at least one of the states of the last M3 chips before the start position of the fourth signal, and / or the states of the first M3 chips in the third signal where the fourth signal is located, and / or the states of the last M3 chips in the last third signal before the third signal where the fourth signal is located; the technical effect of this method is to maintain the waveform of the prefix, infix, suffix or SIP / EIP, so that the UE can identify that the signal after CP processing corresponds to the prefix, infix, suffix or SIP / EIP.

[0206] Optionally, when the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to at least one of a prefix, infix, or suffix, and / or corresponds to CAP, and / or the corresponding sequence is a preset or configured second sequence, then at least one of the following methods is used:

[0207] The fifth signal is generated based on a preset value or a second sequence; in a specific example, the second sequence is a sequence of high and low level switching, such as [01010101……] or [10101010……], where 1 can be a high level after OOK modulation and 0 can be a low level after OOK modulation;

[0208] The fifth signal is generated by copying the fourth signal from the third signal following the fifth signal and adding the copied fourth signal before the third signal;

[0209] Based on at least one of the states of the last M3 chips before the start position of the fourth signal, and / or the states of the first M3 chips in the third signal where the fourth signal is located, and / or the states of the last M3 chips in the last third signal before the third signal where the fourth signal is located, all chips or the first M1 chips / codewords or the last M1 chips / codewords in the fourth signal are generated; in a specific example, the values ​​of all chips or the first M1 chips / codewords or the last M1 chips / codewords in the fourth signal are different from at least one of the states of the last M3 chips before the start position of the fourth signal, and / or the states of the first M3 chips in the third signal where the fourth signal is located, and / or the states of the last M3 chips in the last third signal before the third signal where the fourth signal is located; the technical effect of this method is that, since the prefix, infix, suffix or CAP signals do not carry information bits and can be used to enable the UE to perform measurement or clock acquisition, this processing method can ensure that the high and low levels of the signal in the second signal continue to switch, thereby helping to improve the accuracy of the UE's measurement or clock acquisition.

[0210] Optionally, at least one of the methods of copying and adding a fourth signal before the start position of the third signal, and / or copying and adding a fourth signal before the start position of the third signal, and / or generating the at least one fourth signal (for ease of reference in other paragraphs of this specification, the term "first information" may be used to refer to at least one of the methods of copying and adding a fourth signal before the start position of the third signal, and / or generating the at least one fourth signal), may be based on at least one of the following indications:

[0211] The CP processing method used based on at least one of the prefix, infix, and suffix associated with the first signal and / or the second signal is implicitly indicated. In one exemplary embodiment, the CP processing method used for at least one of the prefix, infix, and suffix is ​​the same as the CP processing method used for the first signal and / or the second signal. In another exemplary embodiment, the first CP processing method used for at least one of the prefix, infix, and suffix corresponds to the second CP processing method used for the first signal and / or the second signal, the third CP processing method used for at least one of the prefix, infix, and suffix corresponds to the fourth CP processing method used for the first signal and / or the second signal, and so on.

[0212] The sequence implicitly indicates the sequence used by at least one of the prefix, infix, and suffix associated with the first signal and / or the second signal. In an exemplary embodiment, the first sequence used by at least one of the prefix, infix, and suffix corresponds to the first CP processing method used by the first signal and / or the second signal, the second sequence used by at least one of the prefix, infix, and suffix corresponds to the second CP processing method used by the first signal and / or the second signal, and so on;

[0213] The CP processing method is explicitly indicated by a field in at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal. In one exemplary embodiment, the field includes multiple values, with different values ​​corresponding to different CP processing methods; in another exemplary embodiment, the field indicates the value of a parameter related to the first condition and / or the second condition, such as the value of the number of chips M contained in each OFDM symbol, which, when combined with the first condition and / or the second condition, can be used to determine the CP processing method.

[0214] Explicit indication in a field at a specific location in the first signal and / or the second signal (e.g., several bits at the beginning of the first signal and / or the second signal), in a manner similar to that of explicit indication by a field in at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal.

[0215] Wherein, the first signal and / or the second signal are included in the PRDCH or R2D signal transmission, and the prefix before the PRDCH or R2D signal, the infix added in the middle of the PRDCH or R2D signal, and the suffix after the PRDCH or R2D signal are the prefix, infix, and suffix associated with the first signal and / or the second signal.

[0216] The aforementioned indications include directly indicating the first information, as well as indicating the first condition and / or the second condition. Since this specification provides a technical solution for determining CP processing based on the first condition and / or the second condition (which includes the first information), indicating the first condition and / or the second condition can be understood as indirectly indicating the first information. For example, based on the aforementioned method, indicating the number M of chips included in each OFDM symbol (corresponding to the parameters related to chip length and / or transmission rate in the first condition) and / or the number of information bits corresponding to the AIoT signal (corresponding to whether the number of information bits corresponding to the AIoT signal in the first condition exceeds a threshold) can be used to determine the first information.

[0217] The technical effects of the above-described method include that, since the UE determines the CP processing method and decodes the received second signal accordingly, if the UE can determine the CP processing method or the first and / or second conditions before receiving the second signal, the UE can accordingly determine how to decode the received second signal, thereby reducing the overhead of blindly detecting the second signal using various methods supported in the system. Alternatively, if the UE can determine some of the first and / or second conditions before receiving the second signal and accordingly reduce the CP processing method from all methods supported in the system to a few methods, blind detection can be performed using only these few methods instead of all methods, thereby reducing the overhead of blind detection. In the above method, the first and / or second signals correspond to PRDCH or R2D signals, and the information related to the first and / or second conditions can be indicated in the prefix associated with the PRDCH or R2D signal. According to the signal structure in the system, the time resources used by this prefix precede the PRDCH or R2D signal, thereby enabling the UE to determine the first and / or second conditions and / or the CP processing method before receiving the PRDCH or R2D signal.

[0218] Figure 12 A block diagram of a user equipment (UE) 1200 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure is shown.

[0219] refer to Figure 12 The UE 1200 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may include a transceiver 1201 and a controller 1202. For example, the transceiver 1201 may be configured to transmit and receive signals. For example, the controller 1202 may be coupled to the transceiver 1201 and configured to perform the aforementioned methods.

[0220] Those skilled in the art will understand that the illustrative embodiments described above are not intended to be limiting. It should be understood that any two or more of the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in any combination. Furthermore, other embodiments may be utilized and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter presented herein. It will be readily understood that aspects of the invention disclosed herein, as generally described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, can be arranged, substituted, combined, separated, and designed in a variety of different configurations, all of which are contemplated herein.

[0221] Those skilled in the art will understand that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and steps described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described above in the form of sets of functions. Whether such sets of functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art may implement the described sets of functions in different ways for each specific application, but such design decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of this application.

[0222] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in this application may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternatives, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors cooperating with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0223] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in this application may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of both. The software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read and write information to / from the storage medium. In an alternative, the storage medium may be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. In an alternative, the processor and storage medium may reside as discrete components in the user terminal.

[0224] In one or more exemplary designs, the functionality may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media, the latter including any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Storage media may be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0225] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The scope of protection of this application is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method performed by a first user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising: A first signal is generated, wherein the first signal includes at least one third signal corresponding to a first time length, and wherein each of the at least one third signal includes a fourth signal corresponding to a second time length, and the fourth signal is located at the end of the third signal including the fourth signal; A second signal is generated based on a first condition, wherein the second signal includes at least one third signal and at least one fifth signal, wherein each of the at least one fifth signal corresponds to one of the at least one third signals, and each of the at least one fifth signal is located before a third signal corresponding to the fifth signal; Send the second signal to the second UE. The first condition is used to determine the method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and / or to determine whether the at least one fifth signal is generated.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The method for generating the at least one fifth signal includes at least one of the following: The at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal, and the copied fourth signal is used as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal. The signal other than the fourth signal in the at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is generated by other methods. The fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal, and the copied fourth signal is used as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal. The at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal. The copied fourth signal is used as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal, wherein the value of at least one chip in the fourth signal is changed when the third condition is met, and / or the value of at least one chip in the fifth signal is changed when the third condition is met. The at least one fifth signal is generated based on the information bits; The at least one fifth signal is generated based on a preset value or sequence; The at least one fifth signal is generated based on the values ​​of signals before the start position of the fifth signal and / or based on the values ​​of signals after the end position of the fifth signal.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first condition is related to at least one of the following: Configurations or predefined criteria associated with the generation of the second signal. Configuration or predefined criteria associated with the fifth signal, Configuration or predefined criteria associated with the fourth signal, Instructions related to the method of generating the second signal, Instructions related to the method of generating the fifth signal, Instructions related to the method of generating the fourth signal, Parameters related to chip length and / or transmission rate, Whether the number of information bits corresponding to the first signal and / or the second signal exceeds the first threshold. Whether the transmission time length corresponding to the first signal and / or the second signal exceeds the second threshold. After generating the at least one fifth signal, does the fifth signal lead to incorrect decoding? 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein, If the first condition is related to parameters related to chip length and / or transmission rate, then the first condition is also related to at least one of the following: Is the chip length greater than the second time length? Whether the difference and / or ratio between the chip length and the second time length is within a preset or configured threshold range. Whether the number of chips corresponding to the fourth and / or fifth signals exceeds a preset or configured threshold range.

5. The method of claim 2, further comprising at least one of the following: Multiple methods for generating the at least one fifth signal are determined, and at least one first method among the multiple methods is always used to generate the at least one fifth signal, and when the first condition is met, at least one second method among the multiple methods is used to generate the at least one fifth signal; Multiple methods for generating the at least one fifth signal are determined, and when the first condition is met, at least one third method among the multiple methods is used to generate the at least one fifth signal, and when the first condition is not met, at least one fourth method among the multiple methods is used to generate the at least one fifth signal.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The at least one fourth signal is generated based on information bits or based on the information bits and linear coding, and / or generated by at least one of the following methods: The values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​corresponding to the first M1 chips or codewords in the fourth signal and / or the values ​​corresponding to the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on preset values. The values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are preset values, wherein the preset values ​​include a sequence composed of multiple preset values. The values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​of the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on the state of the last M3 chips before the starting position of the fourth signal. The values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the values ​​of the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on the state of the first M3 chips in the third signal in which the fourth signal is located. The values ​​of all signals in the fourth signal, or the first M1 chips or codewords and / or the last M2 chips or codewords in the fourth signal, are determined based on the state of the last M3 chips in the last third signal preceding the third signal in which the fourth signal is located. Among them, at least one of M1, M2 and M3 is determined based on the first condition.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, When the number of chips corresponding to the fourth signal is not an integer, the values ​​of the first chip and / or the last chip and / or at least one chip that partially corresponds to the fourth signal and partially does not correspond to the fourth signal are determined based on the at least one method.

8. The method according to claim 2, wherein, The method for generating the at least one fourth signal is based on the second condition, and The second condition includes at least one of the following: The first condition; The fourth signal corresponding to Nn out of every N third signals is generated by a fifth method for generating the at least one fourth signal, and the fourth signal corresponding to n out of every N third signals is generated by a sixth method for generating the at least one fourth signal. After the generation of the at least one fifth signal, there is an erroneous rising edge and / or falling edge of the signal; After generating the at least one fifth signal, there is an erroneous rising edge and / or falling edge, and the signal length between at least two erroneous rising edges and / or falling edges satisfies the third condition, and / or the signal length between at least one erroneous rising edge and / or falling edge and at least one rising edge and / or falling edge of the first signal satisfies the third condition.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, The third condition includes at least one of the following: Whether the signal length between the rising and / or falling edges of the at least two erroneous signals, and / or whether the signal length between the rising and / or falling edge of the at least one erroneous signal and the rising and / or falling edge of at least one of the first signals is greater than the second time length. Whether the difference and / or ratio of the signal length between the rising and / or falling edges of the at least two erroneous signals to the second time length meets a preset or configured threshold range, and / or whether the difference and / or ratio of the signal length between the rising and / or falling edges of the at least one erroneous signal and the rising and / or falling edges of at least one signal in the first signal to the second time length meets a preset or configured threshold range. Whether the number of erroneous signal rising edges and / or falling edges, and / or the number of chips corresponding to erroneous signal rising edges and / or falling edges, exceeds a preset or configured threshold range.

10. The method of claim 6, further comprising: Based on at least one of whether the at least one fifth signal is generated, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and the method for generating the at least one fourth signal, it is determined whether the number of chips included in the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol is based on the number of chips included in the fifth signal and / or whether it is based on the number of chips included in the fourth signal.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Whether the at least one fifth signal is generated, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and the method for generating the at least one fourth signal are determined based on at least one of the following: Whether the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to at least one of the prefix, infix, and suffix; Whether the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to data or physical layer control information or PRDCH; Whether the first signal and / or the second signal corresponds to at least one of the start indication section SIP, end indication section EIP, and clock acquisition section CAP.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the following is indicated: whether the at least one fifth signal is generated, the method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and the method for generating the at least one fourth signal: The implicit indication used to generate the at least one fifth signal is based on at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal. The implicit sequence indication is based on at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal. The field explicitly indicates at least one of the prefixes, infixes, and suffixes associated with the first signal and / or the second signal.

13. A method performed by a second user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising: Receive a second signal from a first UE, wherein the second signal includes at least one third signal corresponding to a first time length; Based on the first condition, determine whether the second signal includes at least one fifth signal, and / or determine a method for generating the at least one fifth signal, and / or determine whether to remove the at least one fifth signal from the second signal, wherein each of the at least one fifth signal corresponds to one of the at least one third signal, and each of the at least one fifth signal is located before a third signal corresponding to the fifth signal; Based on the second condition, determine a method for generating at least one fourth signal corresponding to the second time length, and / or determine whether to remove the at least one fourth signal from the second signal, wherein the at least one fourth signal is included in the at least one third signal and at the end of the at least one third signal respectively; Decode a first signal, wherein the first signal is a signal after removing at least one fifth signal from the second signal, and / or after removing at least one fourth signal from the second signal, or without removing at least one fifth signal and at least one fourth signal from the second signal.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The method for generating the at least one fifth signal includes at least one of the following: The at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal, and the copied fourth signal is used as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal. The signal other than the fourth signal in the at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is generated by other methods. The fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal, and the copied fourth signal is used as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal. The at least one third signal is generated based on information bits or based on information bits and linear encoding, and the fourth signal is copied and added before the start position of the third signal including the fourth signal. The copied fourth signal is used as the fifth signal corresponding to the third signal, wherein the value of at least one chip in the fourth signal is changed when the third condition is met, and / or the value of at least one chip in the fifth signal is changed when the third condition is met. The at least one fifth signal is generated based on the information bits; The at least one fifth signal is generated based on a preset value or sequence; The at least one fifth signal is generated based on the values ​​of signals before the start position of the fifth signal and / or based on the values ​​of signals after the end position of the fifth signal.

15. A user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, comprising: transceiver; as well as A controller, coupled to the transceiver and configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-14.

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