Transmission method, device, apparatus and reader

Abstract

The application discloses a transmission method, device, equipment and reader, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The transmission method of the application embodiment comprises the following steps: a device receives a first R2D transmission sent by a reader, the first R2D transmission is used for triggering X transmission resources, the transmission resources are used for transmitting a message 1 of random access, X is a positive integer; in the case that X is greater than 1, the device receives a second R2D transmission sent by the reader, the time domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one transmission resource in the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundary of a time domain resource; updating or indicating the number of first time domain resources; determining the starting time of message 1 transmission of random access; and the device performs at least one of the following based on the second R2D transmission: updating timing; updating the boundary of the first time domain resource; updating the number of the first time domain resource; and determining the starting time of message 1 transmission of random access.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a transmission method, apparatus, device, and reader / writer. Background Technology

[0002] Some related technologies support a reader-to-device transfer triggering one or more transfer resources, which are used to transmit randomly accessed message 1 (Msg1). However, when multiple transfer resources are triggered, in practical applications, due to sampling frequency offset (SFO) or other factors, the messages 1 corresponding to these multiple transfer resources may easily interfere with each other. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a transmission method, apparatus, device, and reader / writer that can solve the problem that messages corresponding to multiple transmission resources are prone to mutual interference.

[0004] Firstly, a transmission method is provided, including:

[0005] The device receives a first R2D transmission sent by the reader / writer. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources. The transmission resources are used to transmit message 1 of random access, where X is a positive integer.

[0006] When X is greater than 1, the device receives a second R2D transmission sent by the reader, wherein the time-domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundary of the time-domain resource; updating or indicating the number of the first time-domain resource; determining the start time of sending message 1 of random access.

[0007] The device performs at least one of the following based on the second R2D transmission:

[0008] Update on a scheduled basis;

[0009] Update the boundaries of the first time-domain resources;

[0010] Update the number of resources in the first time domain;

[0011] Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

[0012] Secondly, a transmission method is provided, including:

[0013] The reader sends a first R2D transmission to the device. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources. The transmission resources are used to transmit message 1 of random access, where X is a positive integer.

[0014] When X is greater than 1, the reader sends a second R2D transmission, the time-domain resource of the second R2D transmission being located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission being used for at least one of the following:

[0015] Update or indicate a timed interval;

[0016] Update or indicate the boundaries of time-domain resources;

[0017] Update or indicate the number of resources in the first time domain;

[0018] Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

[0019] Thirdly, a transmission device is provided, comprising:

[0020] The receiving module is used to receive the first R2D transmission sent by the reader / writer. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources, and the transmission resources are used to transmit message 1 of random access, where X is a positive integer.

[0021] The receiving module is further configured to receive a second R2D transmission sent by the reader when X is greater than 1, wherein the time domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundary of the time domain resource; updating or indicating the number of the first time domain resource; determining the start time of sending message 1 of random access.

[0022] The processing module is configured to perform at least one of the following based on the second R2D transfer:

[0023] Update on a scheduled basis;

[0024] Update the boundaries of the first time-domain resources;

[0025] Update the number of resources in the first time domain;

[0026] Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

[0027] Fourthly, a transmission device is provided, comprising:

[0028] The sending module is used to send a first R2D transmission to the device. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources. The transmission resources are used to transmit message 1 of random access, where X is a positive integer.

[0029] The sending module is further configured to send a second R2D transmission when X is greater than 1, wherein the time-domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following:

[0030] Update or indicate a timed interval;

[0031] Update or indicate the boundaries of time-domain resources;

[0032] Update or indicate the number of resources in the first time domain;

[0033] Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

[0034] Fifthly, a transmission device is provided, the device being configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0035] In a sixth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising a processor and a memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, performing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0036] In a seventh aspect, a device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is configured to receive a first R2D transmission sent by a reader / writer, the first R2D transmission being configured to trigger X transmission resources, the transmission resources being configured to transmit a random access message 1, where X is a positive integer; and, if X is greater than 1, to receive a second R2D transmission sent by the reader / writer, the time-domain resources of the second R2D transmission being located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission being configured to at least one of the following: update or indicate timing; update or indicate the boundaries of the time-domain resources; update or indicate the number of first time-domain resources; determine the start time for transmitting the random access message 1; the processor is configured to perform at least one of the following based on the second R2D transmission: update timing; update the boundaries of the first time-domain resources; update the number of first time-domain resources; determine the start time for transmitting the random access message 1.

[0037] In an eighth aspect, a reader / writer is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0038] A ninth aspect provides a reader / writer, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is configured to send a first R2D transmission to a device, the first R2D transmission being configured to trigger X transmission resources, the transmission resources being configured to transmit a random access message 1, where X is a positive integer; and, if X is greater than 1, to send a second R2D transmission, the time-domain resources of the second R2D transmission being located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission being configured to at least one of the following: update or indicate timing; update or indicate the boundaries of the time-domain resources; update or indicate the number of first time-domain resources; and determine the start time for transmitting the random access message 1.

[0039] In a tenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0040] Eleventhly, a wireless communication system is provided, comprising: a device and a reader / writer, wherein the device is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the first aspect, and the reader / writer is configured to perform the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0041] In a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run a program or instructions to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or to implement the steps of the method described in the second aspect.

[0042] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to perform the steps of the method as described in the first aspect, or the computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to perform the steps of the method as described in the second aspect.

[0043] In this embodiment, the device receives a first R2D transmission sent by a reader / writer. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources, which are used to transmit message 1 for random access, where X is a positive integer. If X is greater than 1, the device receives a second R2D transmission sent by the reader / writer. The time-domain resources of the second R2D transmission are located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundaries of time-domain resources; updating or indicating the number of first time-domain resources; determining the start time for transmitting message 1 for random access. Based on the second R2D transmission, the device performs at least one of the following: updating timing; updating the boundaries of first time-domain resources; updating the number of first time-domain resources; determining the start time for transmitting message 1 for random access. Among them, timing, the boundary of the first time domain resource, and the number of the first time domain resources are relevant parameters for sending message 1. By performing at least one of updating timing, updating the boundary of the first time domain resource, updating the number of the first time domain resources, and determining the start time of sending message 1 through random access based on the second R2D transmission, the resources for sending message 1 by the above-mentioned device are made more reliable, and the mutual interference of message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources can be reduced or eliminated, that is, the mutual interference between multiple message 1 is reduced or eliminated. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a scenario provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another scenario provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between a reader and a tag, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a transmission provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 7 This is another transmission diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a transmission location provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 9This is a flowchart of another transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 10 This is another transmission diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 11 This is another transmission diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another simulation effect provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a simulation effect provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of a transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 15 This is a structural diagram of another transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 18 This is a structural diagram of a network-side device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0063] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "or" in this application indicates at least one of the connected objects. For example, the scope of protection for "A or B" covers at least three scenarios: Scenario 1: including A but not B; Scenario 2: including B but not A; Scenario 3: including both A and B. In addition, the terms "A and / or B," "at least one of A and B," and "at least one of A or B" also cover at least the above three scenarios. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0064] The term "instruction" in this application can be either a direct instruction (or explicit instruction) or an indirect instruction (or implicit instruction). A direct instruction can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, the required operation, or the requested result in the instruction sent. An indirect instruction can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the required operation or requested result based on the judgment result.

[0065] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used with the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as with other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and the term NR is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) radio systems. th Generation 6G communication system.

[0066] Figure 1This diagram illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 can also be referred to as User Equipment (UE), and can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, flight vehicle, vehicle user equipment (VUE), shipboard equipment, pedestrian user equipment (PUE), smart home devices (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game consoles, personal computers (PCs), ATMs, or self-service machines, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart earphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among these, in-vehicle devices can also be referred to as in-vehicle terminals, in-vehicle controllers, in-vehicle modules, in-vehicle components, in-vehicle chips, or in-vehicle units, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this application embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment, wherein access network equipment may also be referred to as Radio Access Network (RAN) equipment, radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment may include base stations, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) access points (APs), or Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) nodes, etc.Among them, base stations can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), Next Generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), Access Point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Radio Base Station, Radio Transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) equipment (such as satellite or high altitude platform stations). The term "base station" can be any suitable term in the field, such as "station" or any other appropriate term in the relevant field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The term "base station" is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that the embodiments of this application only use the base station in the NR system as an example for introduction, and do not limit the specific type of base station.

[0067] Core network equipment, also known as core network nodes, core network functions, or core network elements, includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), User Plane Function (UPF), Policy Control Function (PCF), Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF), Edge Application Server Discovery Function (EASDF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Unified Data Repository (UDR), Home Subscriber Server (HSS), Centralized network configuration (CNC), Network Repository Function (NRF), Network Exposure Function (NEF), Local NEF (L-NEF), and Binding Support. Functions include BSF, Application Function (AF), Location Management Function (LMF), Gateway Mobile Location Centre (GMLC), Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF), and Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) equipment (such as satellite or high altitude platform station).It should be noted that the embodiments of this application only use the core network equipment in the NR system as an example for introduction, and do not limit the specific type of core network equipment. If the name of the core network equipment mentioned in the embodiments of this application changes in subsequent protocol versions (e.g., 6G), it is also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] Optionally, the core network equipment can be implemented by one or more functional modules in a single device, or by multiple devices working together; this application does not specifically limit this. It is understood that the aforementioned functional modules can be network elements in hardware devices, software functional modules running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functional modules instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

[0069] In this application embodiment, the device can be an Internet of Things (IoT) device, such as an Ambient IoT (A-IoT) device. The A-IoT device can be characterized based on its energy storage capacity and its ability to generate and transmit radio frequency signals. A-IoT devices include the following types:

[0070] Device 1: No energy storage, no independent signal generation / amplification, i.e., backscatter transmission.

[0071] Device 2a: It has energy storage but no independent signal generation, i.e., backscatter transmission. The use of the stored energy may include amplification of the reflected signal.

[0072] Device 2b: It has energy storage and independent signal generation, i.e., an active radio frequency component for transmission.

[0073] Devices with different energy storage capacities also affect their transmission quality. Generally, devices with higher energy storage capacity also mean higher receiving sensitivity or higher transmitting power, and the reliability of the receiving or transmitting link can be better guaranteed.

[0074] A-IoT can be deployed in various scenarios, and two of them are introduced below.

[0075] like Figure 2 In the topology shown, the A-IoT base station (BS) and A-IoT devices communicate directly to transmit A-IoT data and signaling. The base station sending A-IoT R2D transmissions (also called R2D signals) and the base station receiving A-IoT D2R transmission signals can be the same or different.

[0076] like Figure 3As shown in Topology 2, in this scenario, the AI ​​IoT BS communicates with A-IoT devices through intermediate nodes. These intermediate nodes can be terminals, repeaters, relays, or Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) nodes. The BS can control the intermediate nodes via air interface signaling or other interfaces; for example, the BS can control the terminals via the NR Uu air interface.

[0077] The main data / service types of A-IoT include:

[0078] Device-originated (DO);

[0079] Device-terminated (DT)

[0080] DO and DT data indicate that the data stream originates from or is transmitted to an A-IoT device (similar to a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag). For data streams originating from A-IoT devices, i.e., DO data, further classification is as follows:

[0081] Device-originated access (DOA) means that the device autonomously initiates data transmission. For example, it connects a large number of various sensors, which collect and proactively report information about the environment, the device, and the organism when necessary.

[0082] Device-originated–device-terminated triggered (DO-DTT) refers to a data transfer initiated by the device itself after data termination. Examples include asset identification, status reporting, and tracking, all of which involve downlink-triggered reporting. The reader collects data from the tag by triggering an inventory process. Since the data is generated / initiated within the A-IoT device, this service should be considered as a DO service initiated by the tag, triggered by a command sent by the reader.

[0083] In some embodiments, the general A-IoT process is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0084] Step A, A-IoT paging, is when the reader sends an A-IoT paging message to the device;

[0085] Step B, Device-to-Reader D2R data transmission, includes D2R data transmission and may also include A-IoT random access procedure;

[0086] Step C, data transmission, can include R2D data transmission and D2R data transmission.

[0087] The inventory-only process includes: Step A + Step B

[0088] The inventory and command process includes: Step A + Step B + Step C

[0089] The transmission method, apparatus, device, and reader provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0090] Please see Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0091] Step 501: The device receives the first R2D transmission sent by the reader / writer. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources, which are used to transmit random access message 1 (Msg1), where X is a positive integer.

[0092] The aforementioned devices can be Internet of Things (IoT) devices, such as A-IoT devices.

[0093] The aforementioned reader / writer can be a terminal or a network-side device.

[0094] The aforementioned X transmission resources can represent one or more transmission resources, and each transmission resource can correspond to an access occasion.

[0095] The aforementioned first R2D transmission can be an R2D transmission that triggers random access to the device, which can be referred to as paging (such as A-IoT paging), R2D triggering random access (R2D triggering RA), or simply the initial R2D transmission.

[0096] The aforementioned transmission resources may include at least one of the following: time-domain resources and frequency-domain resources.

[0097] X time-domain resources are Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) resources, and the aforementioned X frequency-domain resources are Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) resources.

[0098] For example: the first R2D transmission that triggers random access determines X time-domain resources for the D2R transmission of Msg1, wherein each D2R transmission occurs in one time-domain resource out of X frequency-domain resources.

[0099] The value of X can be determined by the reader, agreed upon by the protocol, or configured by the network-side device. In some implementations, the value of X or the maximum value of X can be set based on at least one of the following: implementation complexity, device power consumption, resource utilization efficiency affected by SFO, and inventory delay.

[0100] Step 502: When X is greater than 1, the device receives a second R2D transmission sent by the reader, wherein the time domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundary of the time domain resource; updating or indicating the number of the first time domain resource; determining the start time of sending message 1 of random access.

[0101] The aforementioned reception can also be referred to as monitoring, surveillance, or eavesdropping.

[0102] The fact that the time-domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources can be understood as the reader sending the second R2D transmission after at least one of the X transmission resources.

[0103] The timing mentioned above refers to the timing on the equipment side.

[0104] The timing, the boundary of the first time domain resource, and the number of the first time domain resources are relevant parameters for sending message 1. The start time of sending message 1 is also a relevant parameter for sending message 1. That is, the device sends message 1 based on at least one of the above-mentioned sending message 1. Therefore, the second R2D transmission used for at least one of the above-mentioned sending message 1 can also be understood as the second R2D transmission used to update or indicate the relevant parameters of sending message 1.

[0105] The boundary of the aforementioned updated or indicated time-domain resource can be the boundary of the first time-domain resource or the time-domain resource unit, such as the boundary of the updated or indicated slot, subslot, symbol, or next access occasion.

[0106] The boundaries of the aforementioned time-domain resources can be the start and / or end positions of the time-domain resources, such as time slots, sub-time slots, symbols, and the start and / or end positions of the next access opportunity.

[0107] In some implementations, the aforementioned first time-domain resource is a slot, a subslot, a symbol, or a next access occasion.

[0108] Wherein, the aforementioned symbol can be an OFDM symbol, and the aforementioned next access timing can refer to the next access timing of the time domain position of the aforementioned second R2D transmission, for example: Figure 6 For example, if the second R2D transmission mentioned above is the R2D transmission shown in 601, then the next access opportunity mentioned above is access opportunity #2.

[0109] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, when X equals 1, the reader may or may not send the second R2D transmission, and the device may or may not receive the second R2D transmission.

[0110] Step 503: The device performs at least one of the following based on the second R2D transmission:

[0111] Update on a scheduled basis;

[0112] Update the boundaries of the first time-domain resources;

[0113] Update the number of resources in the first time domain;

[0114] Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

[0115] Since the timing of the transmission update is based on the second R2D, the timing of the above devices can be made more reliable. For example, the timing synchronization of multiple devices corresponding to the above X transmission resources makes the time domain resources for sending message 1 determined by the timer more reliable, thereby reducing or eliminating interference of message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources.

[0116] Since the boundary of the first time domain resource is updated based on the second R2D transmission, the boundary of the first time domain resource can be made more reliable. For example, the boundaries of the first time domain resources of multiple devices corresponding to the X transmission resources are aligned, thereby making the time domain resource of message 1 determined based on the boundary of the first time domain resource more reliable, and thus reducing or eliminating interference of message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources.

[0117] Since the number of the first time domain resources is updated based on the second R2D transmission update, the number of the first time domain resources can be made more accurate, thereby making the time domain resources for sending message 1 determined based on the number of the first time domain resources more reliable, and thus reducing or eliminating interference between messages 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources.

[0118] Since the start time of message 1 transmission for random access is determined based on the second R2D transmission, the start time of message 1 transmission can be made more reliable, thereby reducing or eliminating interference between messages 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources.

[0119] It should be noted that in some implementations, only one of the above-mentioned items may be executed, such as updating the timing only based on the second R2D transmission, or updating the boundary of the first time domain resource only based on the second R2D transmission, or updating the number of the first time domain resources only based on the second R2D transmission, or determining the start time of sending message 1 for random access only based on the second R2D transmission, while other items may not be updated, or may be updated in other ways, or the start time of sending message 1 for random access may be determined based on a preset configuration or default method. In this way, executing only one of these items can reduce or eliminate interference from message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources.

[0120] In some implementations, multiple of the above-mentioned methods can be performed, such as updating the timing based on the second R2D transmission, updating the boundary of the first time domain resource based on the second R2D transmission, updating the number of the first time domain resources based on the second R2D transmission, and determining the start time of sending message 1 for random access based on the second R2D transmission. By performing multiple methods, the resource reliability of the device sending message 1 can be improved, and the interference of message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources can be reduced or eliminated more effectively.

[0121] In this embodiment of the application, since at least one of the following is performed based on the second R2D transmission: updating the timing of the update, updating the boundary of the first time domain resource, updating the number of the first time domain resources, and determining the start time of the random access message 1, the resources for sending message 1 by the above-mentioned device are made more reliable, and interference of message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources can be reduced or eliminated.

[0122] As an optional implementation, the above method further includes:

[0123] Message 1 is sent based on at least one of the following: the timing of the update, the boundary of the first time domain resource, the number of the first time domain resources, and the start time of the determined random access message 1.

[0124] The method of sending message 1 based on at least one of the following—updated timing, boundary of the first time domain resource, number of first time domain resources, and start time of message 1 sent by a determined random access—can be either a method already defined by the protocol or a method newly defined by the subsequent protocol, and there are no restrictions on this.

[0125] Sending message 1 based on at least one of the above can make the sent message 1 more reliable, thereby improving the access performance of the device.

[0126] As an optional implementation, the device receiving the second R2D transmission sent by the reader includes one of the following:

[0127] The device receives all second R2D transmissions sent by the reader before sending message 1;

[0128] The device receives N second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer, wherein the N second R2D transmissions are the N second R2D transmissions closest to the message 1 sent by the device, and N is a positive integer;

[0129] The device receives M second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer. The M second R2D transmissions are agreed upon by the protocol or determined by the device, and M is a positive integer.

[0130] The values ​​of N and M can be determined by the protocol, the network-side device configuration, or by the device itself.

[0131] The aforementioned N second R2D transmissions closest to the device sending message 1 refer to the first N second R2D transmissions among all second R2D transmissions sent by the reader that precede the device sending message 1 and are arranged in ascending order of their time from the device sending message 1. Alternatively, the aforementioned N second R2D transmissions closest to the device sending message 1 can be understood as N second R2D transmissions preceding the device sending message 1, where the time between these N second R2D transmissions and the device sending message 1 is less than the time between at least one second R2D transmission and the device sending message 1, and this at least one second R2D transmission precedes the device sending message 1. Figure 6 For example, if the above device sends message 1 at access time #4, then when N equals 1, the above N second R2D transmissions are the R2D transmissions shown in 602.

[0132] The aforementioned M second R2D transmissions can be continuous or discrete M second R2D transmissions, and the value of M can be different depending on the location of the time domain resource in which the device sends message 1.

[0133] The device receiving M second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer can mean that the device receives at least M second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer.

[0134] In the above embodiments, since the terminal receives N or M second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer, the power consumption of the terminal can be saved.

[0135] As an optional implementation, the second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0136] R2D preamble or R2D timing acquisition signal;

[0137] Physical Reader-to-Device Control Channel (PRDCH).

[0138] Wherein, the aforementioned PRDCH is a channel carrying R2D transmission. If the aforementioned PRDCH carries first information, the first information is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundary of time domain resources; updating or indicating the number of first time domain resources; determining the start time of sending message 1 of random access.

[0139] In this embodiment, multiple methods are supported to indicate updates or timing, update or indicate the boundaries of time domain resources, update or indicate the number of first time domain resources, and determine the start time of sending message 1 for random access.

[0140] As an optional implementation, the chip length used in the second R2D transmission is the same as the chip length used in the first R2D transmission, or the chip length used in the second R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the chip length used in the first R2D transmission, or the chip length used in the first R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the chip length used in the second R2D transmission.

[0141] The length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission can be referred to as the length of the R2D chip length used in the first R2D transmission, or simply Lchip1. The length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission can be referred to as the length of the R2D chip length used in the second R2D transmission, or simply Lchip0.

[0142] In this embodiment, since the lengths of the two R2D transmission chips are equal or integer multiples, the complexity of the reader sending R2D transmissions and the complexity of the device receiving R2D transmissions can be reduced.

[0143] As an optional implementation, the method further includes:

[0144] The device receives indication information sent by the reader / writer, the indication information being used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0145] The second R2D transmission is transmitted after the first transmission resource among the X transmission resources;

[0146] The value of X;

[0147] The second transmission resource among the X transmission resources.

[0148] In this embodiment, by indicating the first transmission resource, the device can receive the second R2D transmission only after the first transmission resource, thereby reducing the power consumption of the device.

[0149] By indicating the value of X above, the device can better select the resources to send message 1, thereby improving the performance of the device in sending message 1.

[0150] When the second transmission resource is specified, the device determines whether or not to use it, at its own discretion. When used, the transmission message for message 1 sent by each device can be indicated by the reader / writer, thereby better avoiding conflicts between messages sent by multiple devices.

[0151] In some implementations, the aforementioned indication information may also indicate whether the reader / writer sends the aforementioned R2D transmission.

[0152] As an optional implementation, when the X transmission resources include X1 time-domain resources, the first R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0153] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X1 time-domain resources;

[0154] Where X1 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0155] The aforementioned indication of the start time information or time offset of at least some of the X1 time-domain resources can be understood as indicating the start time information or time offset of some or all of the X1 time-domain resources.

[0156] The aforementioned start time information can be a relative or absolute start time, such as a start time relative to a reference time. The reference times for different time domain resources can be the same or different.

[0157] The aforementioned time offset can be a time offset relative to a reference time. However, when the reference time for different time-domain resources is the same, the time offsets for different time-domain resources will differ. For example... Figure 7 As shown, four time-domain resources (i.e. Figure 7 The time offsets of Msg1 in the time offsets are different, ranging from T_interval#0 to T_interval#3.

[0158] In the above embodiments, by indicating the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among the X1 time-domain resources, the device can better determine the time-domain resources for sending message 1, thereby making the transmission of message 1 more reliable.

[0159] In some implementations, the at least portion of the time-domain resources includes:

[0160] The X1 time-domain resources are time-domain resources located before the second R2D transmission; or...

[0161] All time-domain resources of the X1 time-domain resources; or...

[0162] At least some of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X1 time-domain resources.

[0163] The start time information or time offset of the unindicated time domain resource can be the start time information or time offset agreed upon by the protocol or pre-configured. For example, the start time information or time offset of the first time domain resource can be the start time information or time offset agreed upon by the protocol or pre-configured.

[0164] In this embodiment, by indicating the start time information or time offset of the X1 time-domain resources located before the second R2D transmission, the overhead of the first R2D transmission can be reduced. Indicating the start time information or time offset of at least some of the X1 time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource can also reduce the overhead of the first R2D transmission.

[0165] As an optional implementation, when the X transmission resources include X2 time-domain resources, the second R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0166] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X2 time-domain resources;

[0167] Where X2 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0168] Among them, at least some of the aforementioned time-domain resources include:

[0169] The X2 time-domain resources are time-domain resources located after the second R2D transmission; or,

[0170] All time-domain resources of the X2 time-domain resources; or...

[0171] At least some of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X2 time-domain resources.

[0172] In the above embodiments, by indicating the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time domain resources among the X2 time domain resources, the device can better determine the time domain resources for sending message 1, so that the transmission of message 1 is more reliable.

[0173] As an optional implementation, when the X transmission resources include X3 time-domain resources, the method further includes:

[0174] The device determines the start time of at least one of the X3 time-domain resources, wherein the start time of the at least one time-domain resource satisfies at least one of the following:

[0175] The reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission, or the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time resource in which the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission is located; or, the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission, or the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time resource in which the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission is located;

[0176] When the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of all time-domain resources of the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time corresponding to the start time information indicated by the first R2D transmission.

[0177] When the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission is the time corresponding to the start time information of the first R2D transmission.

[0178] If the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, and the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time information of another portion of the time-domain resources, then the start time of the other portion of the time-domain resources is determined based on the start time information of the portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission.

[0179] When the second R2D transmission indicates the start time information of at least a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the at least a portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the second R2D transmission is the time corresponding to the start time information of the second R2D transmission;

[0180] In the case where the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of at least a portion of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the first time-domain resource belongs to a first time interval; wherein, the minimum time of the first time interval represents the shortest time between the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, or, the minimum time of the first time interval represents the shortest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; the maximum time of the first time interval represents the longest time between the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, and the maximum time of the first time interval represents the longest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource.

[0181] In the case where the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time information of the first time-domain resource following the second R2D transmission among the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the first time-domain resource belongs to the second time interval; wherein, the minimum time of the second time interval represents the shortest time between the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, or, the minimum time of the second time interval represents the shortest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; the maximum time of the second time interval represents the longest time between the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, and the maximum time of the second time interval represents the longest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource;

[0182] Where X3 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0183] The aforementioned time resources can be symbols, such as OFDM symbols, or time-domain resource units such as sub-slots.

[0184] The start time of the other portion of time-domain resources mentioned above is determined based on the start time information of the portion of time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission. This can be either the start time information of the other portion of time-domain resources being the start time information of the portion of time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission, or the reference time or time offset corresponding to the start time of the other portion of time-domain resources being the reference time or time offset indicated by the start time information of the portion of time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission. This saves signaling overhead because it eliminates the need to indicate the start time information of the other portion of time-domain resources.

[0185] The start time of the first time domain resource mentioned above belongs to the first time interval, which can be understood as the start time of the first time domain resource being any time within the first time interval, specifically determined by the aforementioned device. This makes the start time of the first time domain resource more flexible.

[0186] The fact that the starting time of the first time-domain resource belongs to the second time interval can be understood as meaning that the starting time of the first time-domain resource can be any time in the second time interval, which can be determined by the device. This makes the starting time of the first time-domain resource more flexible.

[0187] In an optional implementation, when the X transmission resources include X4 time-domain resources, there is a guard interval between two adjacent time-domain resources among the X4 time-domain resources. The guard interval is used to ensure that the earliest start position of message 1 transmission in the latter time-domain resource is later than or equal to the latest end position of message 1 transmission in the former time-domain resource.

[0188] Where X4 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0189] The aforementioned protection interval may be associated with at least one of the following:

[0190] D2R data rate;

[0191] R2D data rate;

[0192] The data size of message 1 (Msg1 data size), or the backscatterlink frequency (BLF);

[0193] SFO;

[0194] The first time interval (T_D2R, where the first time interval is the interval between D2R transmission and R2D transmission, specifically the interval between D2R transmission and the subsequent corresponding R2D transmission);

[0195] The second time interval (T_R2D) is the interval between R2D transmission and D2R transmission, specifically the interval between R2D transmission and the subsequent corresponding D2R transmission.

[0196] R2D preamble or R2D timing acquisition signal.

[0197] The association of the above protection interval with the above at least one can be understood as the protection interval being determined based on the above at least one, for example: a specific mapping relationship between the above at least one and the above protection interval, and the protection interval being determined based on this mapping relationship.

[0198] Since the above-mentioned protection interval is associated with at least one of the above-mentioned features, this allows the protection interval to be more closely matched with the actual data transmission, thereby improving data transmission performance.

[0199] In addition, since the guard interval is used to ensure that the earliest start position of message 1 transmission in the latter time domain resource is later than or equal to the latest end position of message 1 transmission in the former time domain resource, the situation of partial overlap of message 1 or message 1 time domain resources can be avoided, thereby eliminating interference between messages 1.

[0200] For example: Figure 8 Ts is the time resource window, i.e., the time-domain resource mentioned above. In each random access process, the device selects one of the time resource windows to transmit Msg1, where Ts >= T_msg1, and T_msg1 represents the transmission time of msg1. In ideal timing, i.e., without SFO (Simultaneous Time-of-Flight), the time-domain position of Msg1 is fixed. In real-world scenarios, due to the influence of SFO, the device's clock may be too fast or too slow during counting. Specifically, when transmitting Msg1, the time-domain position relative to Msg1 without SFO may be earlier or later. This can cause partial overlap in the time domain between different Msg1s. For example, in... Figure 8 The first Msg1 moves backward and the second Msg2 moves forward, causing these two Msgs to partially overlap in the time domain. By setting the above-mentioned guard interval (the earliest start position of the next Msg1 is at least greater than or equal to the latest end position of the current Msg1), overlapping of Msg1s can be avoided.

[0201] In this embodiment, the device receives a first R2D transmission sent by a reader / writer. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources, which are used to transmit message 1 for random access, where X is a positive integer. If X is greater than 1, the device receives a second R2D transmission sent by the reader / writer. The time-domain resources of the second R2D transmission are located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundaries of time-domain resources; updating or indicating the number of first time-domain resources; determining the start time for transmitting message 1 for random access. Based on the second R2D transmission, the device performs at least one of the following: updating timing; updating the boundaries of first time-domain resources; updating the number of first time-domain resources; determining the start time for transmitting message 1 for random access. Among them, timing, the boundary of the first time domain resource, and the number of the first time domain resources are relevant parameters for sending message 1. By performing at least one of updating timing, updating the boundary of the first time domain resource, updating the number of the first time domain resources, and determining the start time of sending message 1 through random access based on the second R2D transmission, the resources for sending message 1 by the above-mentioned device are made more reliable, and interference of message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources can be reduced or eliminated.

[0202] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 9 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0203] Step 901: The reader sends a first reader-to-device R2D transmission to the device. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources, which are used to transmit message 1 of random access, where X is a positive integer.

[0204] Step 902: When X is greater than 1, the reader sends a second R2D transmission, wherein the time-domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following:

[0205] Update or indicate a timed interval;

[0206] Update or indicate the boundaries of time-domain resources;

[0207] Update or indicate the number of resources in the first time domain;

[0208] Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

[0209] Optionally, the reader sending the second R2D transmission includes:

[0210] The reader sends a second R2D transmission every X5 transmission resources out of the X transmission resources, where X5 is greater than or equal to 1.

[0211] Optionally, the second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0212] R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal;

[0213] Reader-to-device control channel (PRDCH).

[0214] Optionally, the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is the same as the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission.

[0215] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0216] The reader sends indication information to the device, the indication information being used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0217] The second R2D transmission is transmitted after the first transmission resource among the X transmission resources;

[0218] The value of X;

[0219] The second transmission resource among the X transmission resources.

[0220] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X1 time-domain resources, the first R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0221] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X1 time-domain resources;

[0222] Where X1 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0223] Optionally, the at least part of the time-domain resources include:

[0224] The X1 time-domain resources are time-domain resources located before the second R2D transmission; or...

[0225] All time-domain resources of the X1 time-domain resources; or...

[0226] At least some of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X1 time-domain resources.

[0227] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X2 time-domain resources, the second R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0228] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X2 time-domain resources;

[0229] Where X2 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0230] Optionally, when the X4 transmission resources include X4 time-domain resources, there is a guard interval between two adjacent time-domain resources. The guard interval is used to ensure that the earliest start position of message 1 transmission in the latter time-domain resource is later than or equal to the latest end position of message 1 transmission in the former time-domain resource.

[0231] Where X4 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0232] Optionally, the protection interval is associated with at least one of the following:

[0233] Device-to-reader (D2R) data rate;

[0234] R2D data rate;

[0235] The data size of message 1, or the backscatter link frequency (BLF);

[0236] Sampling frequency drift (SFO);

[0237] The first time interval is the interval between D2R transmission and R2D transmission;

[0238] The second time interval is the interval between R2D transmission and D2R transmission;

[0239] R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal.

[0240] Optionally, the first time-domain resource includes a time slot, a sub-time slot, a symbol, and the next access opportunity; and / or,

[0241] The transmission resources include at least one of the following: time-domain resources and frequency-domain resources.

[0242] It should be noted that this embodiment is used as a reference for... Figure 5 The implementation methods of the readers shown in the embodiments can be found in the following examples. Figure 5 To avoid repetition, the relevant descriptions of the embodiments shown will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0243] The following example illustrates the method provided in this application, using transmission resources as time-domain resources and the device as an A-IoT device:

[0244] Example 1:

[0245] In this embodiment, the first R2D transmission that triggers A-IoT random access is referred to as AIoT paging or R2D triggering RA (or initial R2D). The first R2D transmission can trigger X TDMA resources, which are used to transmit Msg1.

[0246] When X>1, after every X5 (1<=X5<=X) D2R access occasions (i.e., X time-domain resources) of the X TDMA D2R access occasions, a second R2D transmission is transmitted. The function of the second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0247] The device acquires timing, updates timing, and calibrates SFO.

[0248] Update or indicate the boundary of at least one of the slot, subslot, or symbol / next access occasion;

[0249] Update or indicate the number of at least one of the following: slot, subslot, symbol / next access occasion;

[0250] Determine the start time of Msg1 transmission or Msg1 time domain resource;

[0251] X5 can be determined by reader instructions or protocol agreements.

[0252] In some implementations, the transmission of the second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0253] R2D preamble, or R2D timing acquisition signal

[0254] PRDCH, and PRDCH carries first information indicating at least one of the above, such as:

[0255] Update or indicate the boundary of at least one of the slot, subslot, or symbol / next access occasion;

[0256] Update or indicate the number of slots, subslos, symbols, or next access occasions.

[0257] In some embodiments, the length (Lchip1) of the R2D chip length used for the above-mentioned second R2D transmission is the same as the length of the R2D chip length (Lchip0) used for the first R2D transmission indicating X time domain resources, or there is an integer multiple relationship between Lchip1 and Lchip0.

[0258] In some embodiments, when X5>1, X <= X5 or X < X5, after X D2R access occasions, it is not required that the Reader transmit a second R2D transmission between the X transmissions.

[0259] In some embodiments, the behavior of the Device includes at least one of the following

[0260] Do not monitor the second R2D transmission;

[0261] Monitor the second R2D transmission.

[0262] In some embodiments, when the Device monitors the second R2D transmission, it includes at least one of the following:

[0263] The Device monitors all second R2D transmissions before the device transmits Msg1. For example, if the access occasion selected by the device is the Xth, the device needs to detect K second R2D transmissions, and K is the ceiling or floor of (X / X5), that is, after every X5 D2Rs, the device needs to detect the second R2D transmission;

[0264] The Device only needs to monitor the N most recent second R2D transmissions before the device transmits Msg1, where N = 1 or N is specified by the protocol to be greater than 1, such as 2.

[0265] Where to monitor is determined by the Device, but it is required that the device listens at least M times, and M is specified by the protocol, M >= 1. For example, these M second R2D transmissions are continuous or discrete, and for example: the value of M can be different according to which of the X time resources the Msg1 time resource is located in.

[0266] In some embodiments, according to the detected second R2D transmission, the behavior of the device includes obtaining the timing of R2D, updating the timing, synchronizing with the reader, and updating the number of slots / subslots / symbols / access occasions and the boundaries of the next slot / subslot / symbol / access occasion.

[0267] In some implementations, when X>1, whether a second R2D transmission is transmitted after every X5 (1<=X5<=X) D2R access occasions in X TDMA D2R access occasions is indicated by the Reader or agreed upon by the protocol.

[0268] When X>1, the Reader indicates which D2R access occasions will trigger a second R2D transmission.

[0269] In some implementations, the Device determines whether to monitor and which / which second R2D transmissions to monitor based on at least one of the following:

[0270] The Reader indicates whether to send, or where to send, the second R2D transmission;

[0271] The size of X indicated by the Reader;

[0272] The device side determines which access occasion in X to use.

[0273] In some implementations, after receiving the second R2D transmission, the Device determines the start time of Msg1's transmission, including at least one of the following:

[0274] The reference time for determining the start time of Msg1 time-domain resources is the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission, or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission.

[0275] The reference time for determining the start time of Msg1 time domain resources is the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission; wherein, the above reference time is defined as (start time of Msg1 time domain resources - T-time interval), and the T-time interval is indicated by the reader or specified by the protocol.

[0276] When the first R2D transmission is a transmission indication / allocation of X time-domain resources for Msg1, the start time of the transmission of Msg1 is indicated for each time-domain resource, for a total of X, denoted as Ti (i = 0, 1, ..., (X-1)). After every X5 time-domain resources, the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time of the (subsequent) time-domain resources following the second R2D transmission, or indicates the start time of the subsequent time-domain resources. If the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time of the subsequent time-domain resources, the start time of the subsequent time-domain resources uses the start time indicated in the first R2D transmission, and the reference time for the start time of the subsequent time-domain resources is the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission. Otherwise, if the second R2D transmission indicates the start time of all or part of the subsequent time-domain resources, the start time of all or part of the subsequent time-domain resources uses the start time indicated in the second R2D transmission, and the reference time for the start time of the subsequent time-domain resources is updated to the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission.

[0277] When the first R2D transmission is a transmission indication / allocation of X time-domain resources for Msg1, only the start time of the transmission of Msg1 is indicated for the first X5 time-domain resources, for a total of X5, denoted as Ti (i = 0, 1, ..., (X5-1)). After every X5 time-domain resources, the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time of the (subsequent) time-domain resources following the second R2D transmission, or indicates the start time of the subsequent time-domain resources. Specifically, if the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time of the subsequent X5 time-domain resources, then the start time of each X5 time-domain resources in the subsequent transmission uses the start time indicated for the first X5 time-domain resources in the first R2D transmission, and the reference time for the start time of the subsequent time-domain resources is updated to the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission. Otherwise, if the second R2D transmission indicates the start time of all or part of the subsequent time-domain resources, then the start time of all or part of the subsequent time-domain resources uses the start time indicated in the second R2D transmission, and the reference time for the start time of the subsequent time-domain resources is updated to the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission.

[0278] When the first R2D transmission indicates / allocates X time-domain resources for Msg1, it does not indicate the start time of the first time-domain resource. For example, the start time of the first time-domain resource needs to be within [T]. R2D_min_0 T R2D_max_0 [In, T] R2D_min_0 It is the shortest time between the first or last chip / bit of the initial R2D transmission, or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission, and the corresponding first time-domain resource transmission thereafter; T R2D_max_0 It is the longest time interval between the first or last chip / bit of the initial R2D transmission, or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission, and the subsequent corresponding first time-domain resource transmission; wherein, if the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time of the subsequent first time-domain resource, the start time of the first time-domain resource after the second R2D transmission must be within [T R2D_min_X5, T R2D_max_X5 ], where T R2D_min_X5 It is the shortest time between the first or last chip / bit transmitted in the second R2D transmission, or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission, and the subsequent first time-domain resource transmission; T R2D_max_X5 It is the longest time between the first or last chip / bit transmitted in the second R2D transmission, or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit transmitted in the second R2D transmission, and the subsequent corresponding first time-domain resource transmission; otherwise, if the second R2D transmission indicates the start time of the subsequent first time-domain resource, the start time of the subsequent first time-domain resource uses the start time indicated in the second R2D transmission, and the reference time of the start time of the subsequent time-domain resource is updated to the first or last chip / bit transmitted in the second R2D transmission, or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit transmitted in the second R2D transmission.

[0279] Example 2:

[0280] This embodiment mainly describes the process of A-IoT paging triggering X TDMA resources.

[0281] In one embodiment, the reader triggers the A-IoT random access procedure through paging, and the A-IoT paging triggers X TDMA resources (e.g., Figure 10 In the example, X = 6), the X TDMA resources are used to transmit msg1.

[0282] When X>1, in X TDMA D2R access occasions, every X5 (1<=X5<=X), (e.g.) Figure 10 In the process, after X5 = 2) D2R access occasions, there is a second R2D transmission, the function of which includes at least one of the following:

[0283] Update the device-side timer;

[0284] Update or indicate the boundaries of slot / subslot / symbol / next access occasion;

[0285] Update or indicate the number of slot / subslot / symbol / next access occasions;

[0286] Determine the start time of Msg1 transmission or Msg1 time domain resource.

[0287] The above X5 can be indicated by the reader or agreed upon by the protocol.

[0288] In another embodiment, X5 is variable. For example, the protocol does not limit the transmission time of the second R2D transmission. The Reader determines whether to send the second R2D transmission based on the offset of the received msg1. For instance, if the interval between two msg1s is too large, such as exceeding the first time threshold, it indicates that the protection interval is already too large, and a second R2D transmission needs to be sent to correct the SFO and reduce the protection interval. This scheme requires blind detection for the Device because it doesn't know when the Reader will send R2D, which consumes more power. The advantage is lower network load, meaning fewer second R2D transmissions are sent.

[0289] The second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0290] R2D preamble, also known as timing acquisition signal;

[0291] The PRDCH carries first information, which indicates at least one of updating or indicating the slot / subslot symbol / next access occasion boundary and updating or indicating the number of slot / subslot / symbol / next access occasions.

[0292] like Figure 10 As shown, the reader sends a paging message to trigger a random access procedure, indicating X = 6 TDMA resources.

[0293] In one approach, a second R2D transmission follows each D2R access occasion, meaning five second R2D transmissions are required, x5 = 1.

[0294] In some implementations, a second R2D transmission occurs after every 6 D2R access occasions, i.e., X5 = 6.

[0295] In some implementations, each X5(1 <X5<6, Figure 10 As shown, after X5 = 2) D2R access occasions, there is a second R2D transmission, that is, 2 second R2D transmissions are required.

[0296] Example 3:

[0297] This embodiment mainly describes the device's monitoring of the second R2D transmission behavior.

[0298] The device's monitoring of the second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0299] Do not listen to the second R2D transmission;

[0300] Monitor the second R2D transmission.

[0301] The behavior of the device listening to the second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0302] The device monitors all second R2D transmissions prior to msg1 transmitted by the device. For example, if the access occasion selected by the device is the Xth, then the device needs to detect K second R2D transmissions, where K is the rounding up or down of (X / X5). That is, after every X5 D2Rs, the device needs to detect a second R2D transmission. Specifically, as shown... Figure 6 As shown, assuming the device selects access occasion #6 or access occasion #7 after time t4 to transmit msg1, then the device needs to detect three second R2D transmissions before times t2 / t3 / t4. Alternatively, if the device selects access occasion #4 or access occasion #5 after time t3 to transmit msg1, then the device needs to detect two second R2D transmissions before times t2 / t3.

[0303] The device only needs to monitor the most recent N second R2D transmissions before the device transmits Msg1. N = 1, or N is greater than 1 as specified by the protocol, such as 2. Specifically, as follows... Figure 6As shown, assuming the device selects accessoccasion#6 or access occasion#7 after time t4 to transmit msg1, then the device needs to detect the N=1 second R2D transmissions closest to the current time. Therefore, it needs to detect the two second R2D transmissions before time t3 / t4 but does not need to / is required to detect the R2D transmissions before time t2. Alternatively, if N=2, then the device needs to detect the three second R2D transmissions before time t2 / t3 / t4.

[0304] Where to monitor is determined by the device, but the device is required to listen at least M times, where M is specified by the protocol and is greater than or equal to 1. For example, the device can decide to listen continuously for M times or discretely for M times. Specifically, assuming that the device selects access occasion #6 or access occasion #7 after time t4 to transmit msg1, and the protocol specifies M = 2, then the device can detect the second R2D transmission before time t2 / t4 (discrete) or time t3 / t4 (continuous).

[0305] After the device detects the second R2D transmission, the device's behavior includes at least one of the following:

[0306] Updates are scheduled and synchronized with the reader;

[0307] Update the number of slot / subslot / symbol / access occasions and the boundary of the next slot / subslot / symbol / access occasion.

[0308] For updating slot / subslot / symbol / access occasion, the device may randomly generate a slot / subslot / symbol / access occasion number at the start of random access. The slot is a value randomly selected from 0 to 2^Q-1 based on the Q value. Alternatively, the subslot / access occasion is a value randomly selected from 0 to (X-1) based on the X value. Only devices that have selected a specific slot / subslot / symbol / access occasion value, such as slot / subslot / symbol / access occasion = 0, can further receive the next command. Each time the slot / subslot / symbol / access occasion changes based on the received R2D, it is decremented by 1. For example, only when a specific slot / subslot / symbol / accsess occasion value is selected, such as when the slot / subslot / symbol / accsess occasion value is the same as the value randomly selected by the device, can the next command be received. Each time the slot / subslot / symbol / accsess occasion is received again, it is incremented by 1 based on the R2D change.

[0309] by Figure 6 For example, each second R2D transmission indicates two slots / subslots / symbols / accsess occasions. Therefore, the value of the slot / subslot / symbol / accsess occasion of the device at position t3 needs to be reduced by 2 after each second R2D transmission. The value of the slot / subslot / symbol / accsess occasion of the device at position t4 needs to be reduced by 2 or 4, depending on whether the device detected the R2D before time t3. If it detected it, it is reduced by 2; if it did not detect it, it is reduced by 4. Alternatively, the value reduced by the device from the current value is indicated by the second R2D transmission.

[0310] The device above determines whether to detect and which / which second R2D transmissions to detect based on at least one of the following:

[0311] The instructions for X and the device side determine which access occasion in X to use;

[0312] The Reader provides explicit instructions on which D2Rs will be followed by a second R2D transmission.

[0313] Example 4:

[0314] This embodiment mainly describes the msg1 start time indicator.

[0315] The first R2D transmission can be A-IoT paging or a second R2D transmission. Functionally, it is defined as an R2D transmission indicating X TDMA resources. The first R2D transmission indicates the starting position of X or X5 access occasions.

[0316] Method 1: Indicate the starting position of X access occasions (e.g., Figure 7 (As shown)

[0317] Using the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission, or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission, as the reference time, and with the reference time as the starting point, the T_interval#0 interval is the start time of the first access occasion, at which the device transmits msg1. The T_interval#1 interval is the start time of the second access occasion, at which the device transmits msg1. The T_interval#2 interval is the start time of the third access occasion, at which the device transmits msg1. The T_interval#3 interval is the start time of the fourth access occasion, at which the device transmits msg1.

[0318] At this point, the second R2D transmission has no payload and does not contain any T_interval related indications. The signal might be an R2D preamble or an R2D timing acquisition signal, serving a timing synchronization function.

[0319] The second R2D transmission contains a payload that includes T_interval-related indicators. In addition to timed synchronization, it can also be used to update T_interval#2 and T_interval#3. At this time, the Device discards T_interval#2 and T_interval#3 obtained from the first R2D transmission and uses the updated T_interval#2 and T_interval#3 as the start time of the access occasion.

[0320] It should be noted that in Method 1, the reference time is always the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission, or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission.

[0321] Method 2: Indicate the starting position of X5 access occasions (e.g., Figure 11 (As shown)

[0322] The first R2D transmission indicates the start position of X5 = 2 access occasions. Using the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission, or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission, as the reference time, and with the reference time as the starting point, the T_interval#0 interval is the start time of the first access occasion, at which the device transmits msg1. The T_interval#1 interval is the start time of the second access occasion, at which the device transmits msg1.

[0323] The second R2D transmission indicates the start position of two access occasions. Using the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission, or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the first R2D transmission, as the reference time, and starting from this reference time, the T_interval#2 interval marks the start time of the third access occasion, at which the device transmits msg1. The T_interval#3 interval marks the start time of the fourth access occasion, at which the device transmits msg1.

[0324] Example 5:

[0325] This embodiment explains the effects of the previous embodiments based on simulation results.

[0326] The device's clock error accumulates over time due to SFO, resulting in increasingly larger intervals between different msg1 values, leading to a rapid decrease in time domain resource utilization.

[0327] Simulations verified the total protection time of various methods provided in the embodiments of this application (e.g., Figure 12 (as shown) / Time-domain resource efficiency (e.g.) Figure 13 The relationship between the values ​​of resource X over time (as shown) includes:

[0328] 1) Equal duration, the effect is as follows: Figure 12 1201 or Figure 13 1301: This scheme uses the largest guard time among X TDMA resources as the protection interval between each D2R transmission. For example, if A-IoT paging triggers X = 9 TDMA resources, then due to the cumulative effect of SFO, the protection interval between the 8th D2R transmission / msg1 and the 9th D2R transmission / msg1 is the largest. Using this interval as the protection interval for each D2R transmission / msg1, this scheme is simple to implement.

[0329] 2) Different durations result in different effects. Figure 12 1202 or Figure 13 1302 in the scheme: The minimum protection interval actually required between each D2R transmission / msg1 in X TDMA resources is used as the protection interval for each resource.

[0330] 3) Baseline solution x 5 = 1, the effect is as follows: Figure 12 1203 or Figure 13 1303: After each D2Raccess occasion, there is a second R2D transmission. After receiving the R2D, the device will perform synchronization calibration, at which time the SFO will start accumulating again from 0.

[0331] The difference between this scheme and RFID is (taking X=4 as an example):

[0332] In the RFID protocol, the transmission follows a sequence of paging, msg1, msg2, i.e., RFID: Paging,Msg1,Msg2,paging,Msg1,Msg2,paging,Msg1,Msg2,paging,Msg1,Msg2.

[0333] The enhancement scheme transmits msg2 after X msg1 transmissions, i.e., Enhancement A-IoT: Paging, Msg1, Msg1, Msg1, second R2D transmission, Msg1, Msg2 with or without subsequent Msg2.

[0334] 4) x 5 = 3, the effect is as follows Figure 12 1204 or Figure 13In section 1304: After every 3 D2R access occasions, there is a second R2D transmission. After receiving the R2D, the device will perform a synchronization calibration. At this time, the SFO will start accumulating again from 0. The actual impact is that the guard interval will increase again from the minimum.

[0335] It should be noted that X5 can also take other values; here, X5 = 3 was used in the simulation.

[0336] It should be noted that Figure 12 / Figure 13 This refers to a set of simulation results under a set of parameter configurations. Different parameters may yield different simulation results. The set of parameters mentioned is the parameter mentioned in Example 1 (the protection interval length is related to at least one of the following parameters).

[0337] Combination Figure 12 / Figure 13 Different schemes can be determined based on the value of X. For example, when X <= 5, the unequal duration scheme has the shortest total protection time and the highest time efficiency. When X > 5, the X5 = 3 scheme (i.e., there is a second R2D transmission after every 3 D2R access occasions) has the shortest total protection time and the highest time efficiency.

[0338] For example: if the reader indicates X <= 5 in Paging, then if X = 4, then...

[0339] Reader side: Instructs T_interval#0 / T_interval#1 / T_interval#2 / T_interval#3 to inform the Device of the intervals for different access occasions.

[0340] On the device side: The device uses the first or last chip / bit of paging (at this time, paging is the first R2D transmission) or the OFDM symbol where the first or last chip / bit of paging (the first R2D transmission) is located as the reference time, and randomly selects the access occasion corresponding to T_interval#0 / T_interval#1 / T_interval#2 / T_interval#3 to transmit msg1.

[0341] For example, if the reader indicates X > 5 in Paging, such as X = 6, then...

[0342] Reader side:

[0343] The paging instruction specifies the first three T_intervals, and the second R2D transmission is sent after the third T_interval. The second R2D transmission specifies the last three T_intervals, or...

[0344] The paging instruction specifies 6 T_intervals. A second R2D transmission is sent after the third T_interval. The second R2D transmission may or may not update the last three T_intervals.

[0345] Device side:

[0346] Using the first or last chip / bit of paging (where paging is the first R2D transmission) or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of paging (the first R2D transmission) as the reference time, randomly select the access occasion corresponding to T_interval#0 / T_interval#1 / T_interval#2 / T_interval#3 / T_interval#4 / T_interval#5 to transmit msg1;

[0347] Alternatively, using the first or last chip / bit of paging or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of paging transmission as the reference time, only select the first three access occasions corresponding to T_interval#0 / T_interval#1 / T_interval#2 to transmit msg1. Then, using the first or last chip / bit of paging or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of paging transmission as the reference time, transmit msg1 according to the access occasions corresponding to T_interval#3 / T_interval#4 / T_interval#5 updated by the second R2D transmission.

[0348] Alternatively, using the first or last chip / bit of paging or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of paging transmission as the reference time, only select the first three access occasions corresponding to T_interval#0 / T_interval#1 / T_interval#2 to transmit msg1. Then, using the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission or the OFDM symbol containing the first or last chip / bit of the second R2D transmission as the reference time, transmit msg1 according to the access occasions corresponding to T_interval#3 / T_interval#4 / T_interval#5 updated by the second R2D transmission.

[0349] For example, the agreement stipulates that X is always no greater than 5.

[0350] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrated using time-domain resources as transmission resources. In the case of frequency-domain resources in this application embodiment, the above TDMA can replace FDMA, such as FDMA with X D2R frequency-domain resources, or a combination of X time-domain resources and X frequency-domain resources.

[0351] This application provides a method for a device to select an appropriate time resource to transmit Msg1, thereby avoiding interference between different devices and improving resource utilization.

[0352] The transmission method provided in this application can be executed by a transmission device. This application uses an example of a transmission device executing the transmission method to illustrate the transmission device provided in this application.

[0353] This application provides a transmission device. As an example, the transmission device may be a communication device or a component within a communication device, such as a chip. The communication device may be a terminal, a network-side device, or a server, etc. Exemplarily, the terminal may include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above, and the network-side device may include, but is not limited to, the type of network-side device 12 listed above. This application does not impose specific limitations.

[0354] The transmission device includes a receiving module, a transmitting module, and a processing module. These modules can be implemented in software or hardware. When implemented in hardware, the processing module can be implemented by a processor. For example, the processor can include general-purpose processors, special-purpose processors, etc., such as central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), artificial intelligence (AI) processors, graphics processing units (GPUs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), network processors (NPs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, gate circuits, transistors, discrete hardware components, etc. The receiving and transmitting modules can be implemented by a communication interface, which can include one or more of the following: transceivers, pins, circuits, buses, radio frequency units, etc.

[0355] For details, see Figure 14 When the transmission device is a device or a component of a device, the transmission device 1400 includes:

[0356] The receiving module 1401 is used to receive a first reader-to-device R2D transmission sent by the reader, the first R2D transmission being used to trigger X transmission resources, the transmission resources being used to transmit a randomly accessed message 1, where X is a positive integer;

[0357] The receiving module 1401 is further configured to receive a second R2D transmission sent by the reader when X is greater than 1, wherein the time domain resources of the second R2D transmission are located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundary of the time domain resources; updating or indicating the number of the first time domain resources; determining the start time of sending message 1 of random access.

[0358] Processing module 1402 is configured to perform at least one of the following based on the second R2D transmission:

[0359] Update on a scheduled basis;

[0360] Update the boundaries of the first time-domain resources;

[0361] Update the number of resources in the first time domain;

[0362] Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

[0363] Optionally, the receiving module 1401 is used for one of the following:

[0364] Receive all second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer before sending message 1;

[0365] Receive N second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer, wherein the N second R2D transmissions are the N second R2D transmissions closest to the device sending message 1, and N is a positive integer;

[0366] The device receives M second R2D transmissions sent by the reader, wherein the M second R2D transmissions are agreed upon by the protocol or determined by the device, and M is a positive integer.

[0367] Optionally, the second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0368] R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal;

[0369] Reader-to-device control channel (PRDCH).

[0370] Optionally, the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is the same as the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission.

[0371] Optionally, the receiving module 1401 is further configured to receive indication information sent by the reader / writer, the indication information being used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0372] The second R2D transmission is transmitted after the first transmission resource among the X transmission resources;

[0373] The value of X;

[0374] The second transmission resource among the X transmission resources.

[0375] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X1 time-domain resources, the first R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0376] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X1 time-domain resources;

[0377] Where X1 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0378] Optionally, the at least part of the time-domain resources include:

[0379] The X1 time-domain resources are time-domain resources located before the second R2D transmission; or...

[0380] All time-domain resources of the X1 time-domain resources; or...

[0381] At least some of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X1 time-domain resources.

[0382] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X2 time-domain resources, the second R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0383] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X2 time-domain resources;

[0384] Where X2 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0385] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X3 time-domain resources, the processing module 1402 is further configured to:

[0386] Determine the start time of at least one of the X3 time-domain resources, wherein the start time of the at least one time-domain resource satisfies at least one of the following:

[0387] The reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission, or the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time resource in which the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission is located; or, the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission, or the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time resource in which the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission is located;

[0388] When the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of all time-domain resources of the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time corresponding to the start time information indicated by the first R2D transmission.

[0389] When the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission is the time corresponding to the start time information of the first R2D transmission.

[0390] If the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, and the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time information of another portion of the time-domain resources, then the start time of the other portion of the time-domain resources is determined based on the start time information of the portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission.

[0391] When the second R2D transmission indicates the start time information of at least a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the at least a portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the second R2D transmission is the time corresponding to the start time information of the second R2D transmission;

[0392] In the case where the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of at least a portion of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the first time-domain resource belongs to a first time interval; wherein, the minimum time of the first time interval represents the shortest time between the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, or, the minimum time of the first time interval represents the shortest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; the maximum time of the first time interval represents the longest time between the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, and the maximum time of the first time interval represents the longest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource.

[0393] In the case where the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time information of the first time-domain resource following the second R2D transmission among the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the first time-domain resource belongs to the second time interval; wherein, the minimum time of the second time interval represents the shortest time between the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, or, the minimum time of the second time interval represents the shortest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; the maximum time of the second time interval represents the longest time between the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, and the maximum time of the second time interval represents the longest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource;

[0394] Where X3 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0395] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X4 time-domain resources, there is a guard interval between two adjacent time-domain resources among the X4 time-domain resources. The guard interval is used to ensure that the earliest start position of message 1 transmission in the latter time-domain resource is later than or equal to the latest end position of message 1 transmission in the former time-domain resource.

[0396] Where X4 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0397] Optionally, the protection interval is associated with at least one of the following:

[0398] Device-to-reader (D2R) data rate;

[0399] R2D data rate;

[0400] The data size of message 1, or the backscatter link frequency (BLF);

[0401] Sampling frequency drift (SFO);

[0402] The first time interval is the interval between D2R transmission and R2D transmission;

[0403] The second time interval is the interval between R2D transmission and D2R transmission;

[0404] R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal.

[0405] Optionally, the first time-domain resource includes a time slot, a sub-time slot, a symbol, and the next access opportunity; and / or,

[0406] The transmission resources include at least one of the following: time-domain resources and frequency-domain resources.

[0407] The aforementioned transmission device can reduce or eliminate interference from message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources.

[0408] The transmission device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 5 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments shown achieve the same technical effects, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0409] For details, see Figure 15 When the transmission device is a reader or a component of a reader, the transmission device 1500 includes:

[0410] Sending module 1501 is used to send a first reader-to-device R2D transmission to the device. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources. The transmission resources are used to transmit a randomly accessed message 1, where X is a positive integer.

[0411] The transmitting module 1501 is further configured to transmit a second R2D transmission when X is greater than 1, wherein the time-domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following:

[0412] Update or indicate a timed interval;

[0413] Update or indicate the boundaries of time-domain resources;

[0414] Update or indicate the number of resources in the first time domain;

[0415] Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

[0416] Optionally, the sending module 1501 is used to send one second R2D transmission every X5 transmission resources in the X transmission resources, where X5 is greater than or equal to 1.

[0417] Optionally, the second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0418] R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal;

[0419] Reader-to-device control channel (PRDCH).

[0420] Optionally, the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is the same as the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission.

[0421] Optionally, the sending module 1501 is further configured to send indication information to the device, the indication information indicating at least one of the following:

[0422] The second R2D transmission is transmitted after the first transmission resource among the X transmission resources;

[0423] The value of X;

[0424] The second transmission resource among the X transmission resources.

[0425] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X1 time-domain resources, the first R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0426] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X1 time-domain resources;

[0427] Where X1 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0428] Optionally, the at least part of the time-domain resources include:

[0429] The X1 time-domain resources are time-domain resources located before the second R2D transmission; or...

[0430] All time-domain resources of the X1 time-domain resources; or...

[0431] At least some of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X1 time-domain resources.

[0432] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X2 time-domain resources, the second R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0433] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X2 time-domain resources;

[0434] Where X2 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0435] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X4 time-domain resources, there is a guard interval between two adjacent time-domain resources among the X4 time-domain resources. The guard interval is used to ensure that the earliest start position of message 1 transmission in the latter time-domain resource is later than or equal to the latest end position of message 1 transmission in the former time-domain resource.

[0436] Where X4 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0437] Optionally, the protection interval is associated with at least one of the following:

[0438] Device-to-reader (D2R) data rate;

[0439] R2D data rate;

[0440] The data size of message 1, or the backscatter link frequency (BLF);

[0441] Sampling frequency drift (SFO);

[0442] The first time interval is the interval between D2R transmission and R2D transmission;

[0443] The second time interval is the interval between R2D transmission and D2R transmission;

[0444] R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal.

[0445] Optionally, the first time-domain resource includes a time slot, a sub-time slot, a symbol, and the next access opportunity; and / or,

[0446] The transmission resources include at least one of the following: time-domain resources and frequency-domain resources.

[0447] The aforementioned transmission device can reduce or eliminate interference from message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources.

[0448] The transmission device provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 9 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments shown achieve the same technical effects, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0449] like Figure 16 As shown in the illustration, this application also provides a communication device 1600, including a processor 1601 and a memory 1602. The memory 1602 stores a program or instructions that can run on the processor 1601. For example, when the communication device 1600 is a terminal, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1601 implement the various steps of the above-described transmission method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 1600 is a network-side device, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1601 implement the various steps of the above-described transmission method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

[0450] This application embodiment also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement, for example... Figure 5 The steps in the method embodiment shown are illustrated. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the above-described terminal-side method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this terminal embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. The terminal can be... Figure 14 The transmission device shown. Specifically, Figure 17 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal to implement an embodiment of this application.

[0451] The terminal 1700 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: radio frequency unit 1701, network module 1702, audio output unit 1703, input unit 1704, sensor 1705, display unit 1706, user input unit 1707, interface unit 1708, memory 1709, and processor 1710.

[0452] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terminal 1700 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 1710 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system. Figure 17The terminal structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0453] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 1704 may include a graphics processor 17041 and a microphone 17042. The graphics processor 17041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 1706 may include a display panel 17061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 1707 includes at least one of a touch panel 17071 and other input devices 17072. The touch panel 17071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 17071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 17072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described in detail here.

[0454] In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from the network-side device, the radio frequency unit 1701 can transmit it to the processor 1710 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 1701 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 1701 includes, but is not limited to, antennas, amplifiers, transceivers, couplers, low-noise amplifiers, duplexers, etc.

[0455] The memory 1709 can be used to store software programs or instructions, as well as various data. The memory 1709 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback, image playback, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 1709 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1709 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0456] Processor 1710 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 1710 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 1710.

[0457] The radio frequency unit 1701 is configured to receive a first reader-to-device R2D transmission sent by the reader, wherein the first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources, the transmission resources being used to transmit message 1 for random access, where X is a positive integer; and, if X is greater than 1, to receive a second R2D transmission sent by the reader, wherein the time-domain resources of the second R2D transmission are located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundaries of the time-domain resources; updating or indicating the number of the first time-domain resources; and determining the start time for transmitting message 1 for random access.

[0458] Processor 1710 is configured to perform at least one of the following based on the second R2D transfer:

[0459] Update on a scheduled basis;

[0460] Update the boundaries of the first time-domain resources;

[0461] Update the number of resources in the first time domain;

[0462] Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

[0463] Optionally, receiving the second R2D transmission sent by the reader / writer includes one of the following:

[0464] Receive all second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer before sending message 1;

[0465] Receive N second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer, wherein the N second R2D transmissions are the N second R2D transmissions closest to the device sending message 1, and N is a positive integer;

[0466] The device receives M second R2D transmissions sent by the reader, wherein the M second R2D transmissions are agreed upon by the protocol or determined by the device, and M is a positive integer.

[0467] Optionally, the second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0468] R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal;

[0469] Reader-to-device control channel (PRDCH).

[0470] Optionally, the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is the same as the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission.

[0471] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 1701 is also used for:

[0472] Receive indication information sent by the reader / writer, the indication information being used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0473] The second R2D transmission is transmitted after the first transmission resource among the X transmission resources;

[0474] The value of X;

[0475] The second transmission resource among the X transmission resources.

[0476] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X1 time-domain resources, the first R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0477] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X1 time-domain resources;

[0478] Where X1 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0479] Optionally, the at least part of the time-domain resources include:

[0480] The X1 time-domain resources are time-domain resources located before the second R2D transmission; or...

[0481] All time-domain resources of the X1 time-domain resources; or...

[0482] At least some of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X1 time-domain resources.

[0483] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X2 time-domain resources, the second R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0484] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X2 time-domain resources;

[0485] Where X2 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0486] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X3 time-domain resources, the processor 1710 is further configured to:

[0487] Determine the start time of at least one of the X3 time-domain resources, wherein the start time of the at least one time-domain resource satisfies at least one of the following:

[0488] The reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission, or the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time resource in which the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission is located; or, the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission, or the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time resource in which the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission is located;

[0489] When the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of all time-domain resources of the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time corresponding to the start time information indicated by the first R2D transmission.

[0490] When the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission is the time corresponding to the start time information of the first R2D transmission.

[0491] If the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, and the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time information of another portion of the time-domain resources, then the start time of the other portion of the time-domain resources is determined based on the start time information of the portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission.

[0492] When the second R2D transmission indicates the start time information of at least a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the at least a portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the second R2D transmission is the time corresponding to the start time information of the second R2D transmission;

[0493] In the case where the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of at least a portion of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the first time-domain resource belongs to a first time interval; wherein, the minimum time of the first time interval represents the shortest time between the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, or, the minimum time of the first time interval represents the shortest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; the maximum time of the first time interval represents the longest time between the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, and the maximum time of the first time interval represents the longest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource.

[0494] In the case where the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time information of the first time-domain resource following the second R2D transmission among the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the first time-domain resource belongs to the second time interval; wherein, the minimum time of the second time interval represents the shortest time between the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, or, the minimum time of the second time interval represents the shortest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; the maximum time of the second time interval represents the longest time between the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, and the maximum time of the second time interval represents the longest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource;

[0495] Where X3 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0496] Optionally, when the X4 transmission resources include X4 time-domain resources, there is a guard interval between two adjacent time-domain resources. The guard interval is used to ensure that the earliest start position of message 1 transmission in the latter time-domain resource is later than or equal to the latest end position of message 1 transmission in the former time-domain resource.

[0497] Optionally, the protection interval is associated with at least one of the following:

[0498] Device-to-reader (D2R) data rate;

[0499] R2D data rate;

[0500] The data size of message 1, or the backscatter link frequency (BLF);

[0501] Sampling frequency drift (SFO);

[0502] The first time interval is the interval between D2R transmission and R2D transmission;

[0503] The second time interval is the interval between R2D transmission and D2R transmission;

[0504] R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal.

[0505] Optionally, the first time-domain resource includes a time slot, a sub-time slot, a symbol, and the next access opportunity; and / or,

[0506] The transmission resources include at least one of the following: time-domain resources and frequency-domain resources.

[0507] The aforementioned terminal can reduce or eliminate interference from message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources.

[0508] It is understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the method embodiment and achieve the same or corresponding technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0509] This application embodiment also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement, for example... Figure 9 The steps of the method embodiment shown are illustrated. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the above-described network-side device method embodiment. All implementation processes and methods of the above-described method embodiments can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect.

[0510] Specifically, embodiments of this application also provide a network-side device, which can be... Figure 15 The transmission device shown. (e.g.) Figure 18 As shown, the network-side device 1800 includes: an antenna 1801, a radio frequency (RF) device 1802, a baseband device 1803, a processor 1804, and a memory 1805. The antenna 1801 is connected to the RF device 1802. In the uplink direction, the RF device 1802 receives information through the antenna 1801 and transmits the received information to the baseband device 1803 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 1803 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the RF device 1802. The RF device 1802 processes the received information and transmits it through the antenna 1801.

[0511] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 1803, which includes a baseband processor.

[0512] The baseband device 1803 may, for example, include at least one baseband board on which multiple chips are disposed, such as... Figure 18 As shown, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 1805 via a bus interface to call the program or instructions in the memory 1805 to execute the network-side device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0513] The network-side device may also include a network interface 1806, such as a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0514] The radio frequency device 1802 is used to send a first reader-to-device R2D transmission to the device. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources, which are used to transmit message 1 of random access, where X is a positive integer. If X is greater than 1, a second R2D transmission is sent. The time-domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following:

[0515] Update or indicate a timed interval;

[0516] Update or indicate the boundaries of time-domain resources;

[0517] Update or indicate the number of resources in the first time domain;

[0518] Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

[0519] Optionally, sending the second R2D transmission includes:

[0520] One second R2D transmission is sent every X5 transmission resources out of the X transmission resources, where X5 is greater than or equal to 1.

[0521] Optionally, the second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following:

[0522] R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal;

[0523] Reader-to-device control channel (PRDCH).

[0524] Optionally, the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is the same as the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission.

[0525] Optionally, the radio frequency device 1802 is further configured to send indication information to the device, the indication information being used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0526] The second R2D transmission is transmitted after the first transmission resource among the X transmission resources;

[0527] The value of X;

[0528] The second transmission resource among the X transmission resources.

[0529] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X1 time-domain resources, the first R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0530] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X1 time-domain resources;

[0531] Where X1 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0532] Optionally, the at least part of the time-domain resources include:

[0533] The X1 time-domain resources are time-domain resources located before the second R2D transmission; or...

[0534] All time-domain resources of the X1 time-domain resources; or...

[0535] At least some of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X1 time-domain resources.

[0536] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X2 time-domain resources, the second R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0537] Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X2 time-domain resources;

[0538] Where X2 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0539] Optionally, when the X transmission resources include X4 time-domain resources, there is a guard interval between two adjacent time-domain resources among the X4 time-domain resources. The guard interval is used to ensure that the earliest start position of message 1 transmission in the latter time-domain resource is later than or equal to the latest end position of message 1 transmission in the former time-domain resource.

[0540] Where X4 is an integer less than or equal to X.

[0541] Optionally, the protection interval is associated with at least one of the following:

[0542] Device-to-reader (D2R) data rate;

[0543] R2D data rate;

[0544] The data size of message 1, or the backscatter link frequency (BLF);

[0545] Sampling frequency drift (SFO);

[0546] The first time interval is the interval between D2R transmission and R2D transmission;

[0547] The second time interval is the interval between R2D transmission and D2R transmission;

[0548] R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal.

[0549] Optionally, the first time-domain resource includes a time slot, a sub-time slot, a symbol, and the next access opportunity; and / or,

[0550] The transmission resources include at least one of the following: time-domain resources and frequency-domain resources.

[0551] The aforementioned network-side equipment can reduce or eliminate interference from message 1 corresponding to multiple transmission resources.

[0552] Furthermore, the network-side device 1800 in this embodiment of the application also includes: a program or instructions stored in a memory 1805 and executable on a processor 1804, wherein the processor 1804 calls the program or instructions in the memory 1805 to execute. Figure 9 The methods executed by each module shown achieve the same technical effect, and to avoid repetition, they will not be described in detail here.

[0553] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described transmission method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0554] The processor mentioned above is either the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments or the processor in the network-side device. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.

[0555] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described transmission method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0556] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0557] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described transmission method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0558] This application embodiment also provides a wireless communication system, including: a device and a reader / writer, wherein the device can be used to perform the steps of the transmission method on the device side as described above, and the reader / writer can be used to perform the steps of the transmission method on the reader / writer side as described above.

[0559] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0560] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of computer software products plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, they can also be implemented by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.), and the computer software product includes several instructions to cause the terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0561] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other implementations under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these implementations are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A transmission method, characterized in that, include: The device receives a first reader-to-device R2D transmission sent by the reader, the first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources, the transmission resources are used to transmit message 1 of random access, where X is a positive integer; When X is greater than 1, the device receives a second R2D transmission sent by the reader, wherein the time-domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundary of the time-domain resource; updating or indicating the number of the first time-domain resource; determining the start time of sending message 1 of random access. The device performs at least one of the following based on the second R2D transmission: Update on a scheduled basis; Update the boundaries of the first time-domain resources; Update the number of resources in the first time domain; Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device receiving the second R2D transmission sent by the reader includes the following: The device receives all second R2D transmissions sent by the reader before sending message 1; The device receives N second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer, wherein the N second R2D transmissions are the N second R2D transmissions closest to the message 1 sent by the device, and N is a positive integer; The device receives M second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer. The M second R2D transmissions are agreed upon by the protocol or determined by the device, and M is a positive integer.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following: R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal; Reader-to-device control channel (PRDCH).

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is the same as the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The device receives indication information sent by the reader / writer, the indication information being used to indicate at least one of the following: The second R2D transmission is transmitted after the first transmission resource among the X transmission resources; The value of X; The second transmission resource among the X transmission resources.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, When the X transmission resources include X1 time-domain resources, the first R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following: Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X1 time-domain resources; Where X1 is an integer less than or equal to X.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The at least part of the time-domain resources include: The X1 time-domain resources are time-domain resources located before the second R2D transmission; or... All time-domain resources of the X1 time-domain resources; or... At least some of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X1 time-domain resources.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, When the X transmission resources include X2 time-domain resources, the second R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following: Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X2 time-domain resources; Where X2 is an integer less than or equal to X.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, When the X transmission resources include X3 time-domain resources, the method further includes: The device determines the start time of at least one of the X3 time-domain resources, wherein the start time of the at least one time-domain resource satisfies at least one of the following: The reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission, or the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time resource in which the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission is located; or, the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission, or the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time resource in which the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission is located; When the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of all time-domain resources of the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time corresponding to the start time information indicated by the first R2D transmission. When the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission is the time corresponding to the start time information of the first R2D transmission. If the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, and the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time information of another portion of the time-domain resources, then the start time of the other portion of the time-domain resources is determined based on the start time information of the portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission. When the second R2D transmission indicates the start time information of at least a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the at least a portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the second R2D transmission is the time corresponding to the start time information of the second R2D transmission; In the case where the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of at least a portion of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the first time-domain resource belongs to a first time interval; wherein, the minimum time of the first time interval represents the shortest time between the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, or, the minimum time of the first time interval represents the shortest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; the maximum time of the first time interval represents the longest time between the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, and the maximum time of the first time interval represents the longest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource. In the case where the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time information of the first time-domain resource following the second R2D transmission among the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the first time-domain resource belongs to the second time interval; wherein, the minimum time of the second time interval represents the shortest time between the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, or, the minimum time of the second time interval represents the shortest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; the maximum time of the second time interval represents the longest time between the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, and the maximum time of the second time interval represents the longest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; Where X3 is an integer less than or equal to X.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, When the X transmission resources include X4 time-domain resources, there is a guard interval between two adjacent time-domain resources among the X4 time-domain resources. The guard interval is used to ensure that the earliest start position of message 1 transmission in the latter time-domain resource is later than or equal to the latest end position of message 1 transmission in the former time-domain resource. Where X4 is an integer less than or equal to X.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The protection interval is associated with at least one of the following: Device-to-reader (D2R) data rate; R2D data rate; The data size of message 1, or the backscatter link frequency (BLF); Sampling frequency drift (SFO); The first time interval is the interval between D2R transmission and R2D transmission; The second time interval is the interval between R2D transmission and D2R transmission; R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The first time-domain resource is a time slot, a sub-time slot, a symbol, and the next access opportunity; and / or, The transmission resources include at least one of the following: time-domain resources and frequency-domain resources.

13. A transmission method, characterized in that, include: The reader sends a first reader-to-device R2D transmission to the device. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources. The transmission resources are used to transmit message 1 of random access, where X is a positive integer. When X is greater than 1, the reader sends a second R2D transmission, the time-domain resource of the second R2D transmission being located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission being used for at least one of the following: Update or indicate a timed interval; Update or indicate the boundaries of time-domain resources; Update or indicate the number of resources in the first time domain; Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The reader sending the second R2D transmission includes: The reader sends a second R2D transmission every X5 transmission resources out of the X transmission resources, where X5 is greater than or equal to 1.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The second R2D transmission includes at least one of the following: R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal; Reader-to-device control channel (PRDCH).

16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that, The length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is the same as the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission, or the length of the chip used in the first R2D transmission is an integer multiple of the length of the chip used in the second R2D transmission.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, The method further includes: The reader sends indication information to the device, the indication information being used to indicate at least one of the following: The second R2D transmission is transmitted after the first transmission resource among the X transmission resources; The value of X; The second transmission resource among the X transmission resources.

18. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that, When the X transmission resources include X1 time-domain resources, the first R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following: Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X1 time-domain resources; Where X1 is an integer less than or equal to X.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The at least part of the time-domain resources include: The X1 time-domain resources are time-domain resources located before the second R2D transmission; or... All time-domain resources of the X1 time-domain resources; or... At least some of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X1 time-domain resources.

20. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that, When the X transmission resources include X2 time-domain resources, the second R2D transmission is further used to indicate at least one of the following: Indicates the start time information or time offset of at least some of the time-domain resources among X2 time-domain resources; Where X2 is an integer less than or equal to X.

21. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that, When the X transmission resources include X4 time-domain resources, there is a guard interval between two adjacent time-domain resources among the X4 time-domain resources. The guard interval is used to ensure that the earliest start position of message 1 transmission in the latter time-domain resource is later than or equal to the latest end position of message 1 transmission in the former time-domain resource.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The protection interval is associated with at least one of the following: Device-to-reader (D2R) data rate; R2D data rate; The data size of message 1, or the backscatter link frequency (BLF); Sampling frequency drift (SFO); The first time interval is the interval between D2R transmission and R2D transmission; The second time interval is the interval between R2D transmission and D2R transmission; R2D preamble or R2D timed acquisition signal.

23. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 22, characterized in that, The first time-domain resource is a time slot, a sub-time slot, a symbol, and the next access opportunity; and / or, The transmission resources include at least one of the following: time-domain resources and frequency-domain resources.

24. A transmission device, characterized in that, include: The receiving module is used to receive the first reader-to-device R2D transmission sent by the reader, the first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources, the transmission resources are used to transmit the randomly accessed message 1, where X is a positive integer; The receiving module is further configured to receive a second R2D transmission sent by the reader when X is greater than 1, wherein the time domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: updating or indicating timing; updating or indicating the boundary of the time domain resource; updating or indicating the number of the first time domain resource; determining the start time of sending message 1 of random access. The processing module is configured to perform at least one of the following based on the second R2D transfer: Update on a scheduled basis; Update the boundaries of the first time-domain resources; Update the number of resources in the first time domain; Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, characterized in that, The receiving module is used for one of the following: Receive all second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer before sending message 1; Receive N second R2D transmissions sent by the reader / writer, wherein the N second R2D transmissions are the N second R2D transmissions closest to the device sending message 1, and N is a positive integer; The device receives M second R2D transmissions sent by the reader, wherein the M second R2D transmissions are agreed upon by the protocol or determined by the device, and M is a positive integer.

26. The apparatus according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that, The receiving module is further configured to receive indication information sent by the reader / writer, the indication information being used to indicate at least one of the following: The second R2D transmission is transmitted after the first transmission resource among the X transmission resources; The value of X; The device uses the second transmission resource among the X transmission resources to send a D2R transmission from the device to the reader / writer.

27. The apparatus according to any one of claims 24 to 26, characterized in that, When the X transmission resources include X3 time-domain resources, the processing module is further configured to determine the start time of at least one of the X3 time-domain resources, wherein the start time of the at least one time-domain resource satisfies at least one of the following: The reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission, or the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time resource in which the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission is located; or, the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission, or the reference time for the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time resource in which the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission is located; When the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of all time-domain resources of the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the at least one time-domain resource is the time corresponding to the start time information indicated by the first R2D transmission. When the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission is the time corresponding to the start time information of the first R2D transmission. If the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, and the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time information of another portion of the time-domain resources, then the start time of the other portion of the time-domain resources is determined based on the start time information of the portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the first R2D transmission. When the second R2D transmission indicates the start time information of at least a portion of the time-domain resources among the indicated X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the at least a portion of the time-domain resources indicated by the second R2D transmission is the time corresponding to the start time information of the second R2D transmission; In the case where the first R2D transmission indicates the start time information of at least a portion of the time-domain resources other than the first time-domain resource among the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the first time-domain resource belongs to a first time interval; wherein, the minimum time of the first time interval represents the shortest time between the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, or, the minimum time of the first time interval represents the shortest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; the maximum time of the first time interval represents the longest time between the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, and the maximum time of the first time interval represents the longest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the first R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource. In the case where the second R2D transmission does not indicate the start time information of the first time-domain resource following the second R2D transmission among the X3 time-domain resources, the start time of the first time-domain resource belongs to the second time interval; wherein, the minimum time of the second time interval represents the shortest time between the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, or, the minimum time of the second time interval represents the shortest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; the maximum time of the second time interval represents the longest time between the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource, and the maximum time of the second time interval represents the longest time between the time resource of the first or last chip or bit of the second R2D transmission and the first time-domain resource; Where X3 is an integer less than or equal to X.

28. A transmission device, characterized in that, include: The sending module is used to send the first reader-to-device R2D transmission to the device. The first R2D transmission is used to trigger X transmission resources. The transmission resources are used to transmit message 1 of random access, where X is a positive integer. The sending module is further configured to send a second R2D transmission when X is greater than 1, wherein the time-domain resource of the second R2D transmission is located after at least one of the X transmission resources, and the second R2D transmission is used for at least one of the following: Update or indicate a timed interval; Update or indicate the boundaries of time-domain resources; Update or indicate the number of resources in the first time domain; Determine the start time for sending message 1 of the random access.

29. The apparatus according to claim 28, characterized in that, The sending module is used to send one second R2D transmission every X5 transmission resources out of the X transmission resources, where X5 is greater than or equal to 1.

30. The apparatus according to claim 28 or 29, characterized in that, The sending module is further configured to send indication information to the device, the indication information indicating at least one of the following: The second R2D transmission is transmitted after the first transmission resource among the X transmission resources; The value of X; The device uses the second transmission resource among the X transmission resources to send a D2R transmission from the device to the reader / writer.

31. A device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the transmission method as described in any one of claims 13 to 23.

32. A reader / writer, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the transmission method as described in any one of claims 13 to 23.

33. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or implement the steps of the transmission method as described in any one of claims 13 to 23.

34. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or to implement the steps of the transmission method as described in any one of claims 13 to 23.

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