A control method of a multi-spectral multi-zoned ring light source

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multispectral multi-partition annular light source and control method, the annular light source includes annular lamp body, the annular lamp body is divided into multiple partitions along annular circumference uniformly;Multiple light source modules are correspondingly provided in the multiple partitions, and the light source module contains multiple spectral bands LED lamp beads;The light source module is electrically connected with driving module, detection module and power supply module respectively, and the driving module, detection module and power supply module are also electrically connected with control module, and the control module controls the operation of driving module, detection module and power supply module, and indirectly controls light source module to light LED lamp bead, emits multiple spectral bands light to outside, and the light is the single mode or mixed mode of visible light, ultraviolet light and infrared light;The application can realize multispectral, multi-partition independent control, while supporting the high stability of light source sustained light emission, improve the applicability and flexibility of light source, can satisfy the diversification use demand in machine vision field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of light source control technology, and in particular to a control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as machine vision inspection, medical surgical lighting, and precision device observation, ring-shaped shadowless light sources have become core lighting components due to their uniform illumination and absence of shadow interference. However, with the diversification of inspection objects and the increasing complexity of lighting scenarios, traditional single-spectrum, integrated ring light sources are gradually failing to meet the needs of use. Currently, most mainstream light sources have single brightness and single-band output, which makes it difficult to be compatible with multi-color product inspection, visible light and ultraviolet / infrared mixed lighting scenarios, thus limiting their applicability.

[0003] Existing ring light sources generally adopt overall drive control, which cannot achieve independent adjustment of zones. The illumination angle and brightness distribution are fixed, which is not flexible enough when facing local key observation needs. At the same time, traditional light sources lack real-time parameter detection and closed-loop control mechanisms. Long-term operation is prone to problems such as brightness decay, spectral drift, and excessive temperature. The stability and consistency are poor, which affects the detection accuracy and illumination effect.

[0004] In addition, conventional light source control methods are simple, but in long-term continuous lighting scenarios, issues such as driving current fluctuations and poor heat dissipation can easily damage LED beads and reduce the lifespan of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies that only support single-spectrum and single-zone output, and to provide a control method for a multi-spectrum and multi-zone ring light source. This solution can realize independent control of multiple spectra and multiple zones, while supporting high-stability continuous light output from the light source, thus improving the applicability and flexibility of the light source and meeting the diverse needs of the machine vision field.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source, comprising a ring-shaped lamp body, wherein the ring-shaped lamp body is uniformly divided into multiple zones along the circumference of the ring; each of the multiple zones is provided with a multiple light source module, the light source module comprising LED beads of multiple spectral bands; the light source module is electrically connected to a driving module, a detection module, and a power supply module respectively, and the driving module, the detection module, and the power supply module are also electrically connected to a control module, the control module controlling the operation of the driving module, the detection module, and the power supply module, and indirectly controlling the light source module to illuminate the LED beads, emitting light of multiple spectral bands to the outside, the light being a single mode or a mixed mode of visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared light.

[0007] The present invention also provides a control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source, including the multispectral, multi-zone ring light source described above; and further includes the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: System initialization. The control module starts up and performs self-tests on the drive module, detection module, and power supply module. After confirming that there are no faults, it presets the constant-on parameters of multiple light source modules. The control module controls the power supply module to supply power to each module, and the system enters standby mode.

[0009] Step S2: Constant light start control. After receiving the start command, the control module sends a drive command to the drive module according to the preset parameters. The drive module starts the corresponding light source module in a constant current drive mode, so that the light source module enters the constant light state.

[0010] Step S3: Real-time detection of operating parameters. The detection module continuously collects the operating parameters of the light source module in the corresponding partition and transmits the collected parameters to the control module in real time.

[0011] Step S4: Constant brightness stability control. The control module compares the real-time operating parameters with the preset parameters and protection thresholds, and sends control commands to the drive module and power supply module to achieve stability control of brightness, spectrum, temperature and power supply.

[0012] Step S5: Independent control and coordinated regulation of zones. The control module supports independent adjustment of the constant-on parameters of multiple zones, and can also set a coordinated regulation mode to make multiple zones run synchronously according to a preset ratio.

[0013] Step S6: Fault detection and protection. The control module monitors the operating status of each module in real time. When a fault is detected, it issues a prompt signal and takes protective measures such as cutting off the power supply to the faulty section and starting the backup unit.

[0014] Step S7: Maintaining and turning off the constant-on state. When the system is running normally, steps S3 to S6 are repeated continuously to maintain the constant-on state. After receiving the shutdown command, the control module controls each module to stop working and the system enters the shutdown state.

[0015] Preferably, the preset constant-on parameters in step S1 include target brightness value, target spectral parameters, constant current drive parameters, and protection thresholds; the protection thresholds include the LED lamp bead's extreme temperature threshold, drive current limit threshold, and power supply voltage limit threshold.

[0016] Preferably, the constant current driving method in step S2 adopts linear constant current driving. During the startup process, the driving current gradually increases from the initial value to the preset constant current value, and the increase rate is adjustable.

[0017] Preferably, the detection operating parameters of the detection module in step S3 include the actual brightness value, actual spectral parameters, LED bead temperature, driving current, driving voltage, and power supply voltage; the detection module uses a brightness sensor, a spectral sensor, and a temperature sensor, with each partition corresponding to an independent detection module.

[0018] Preferably, the brightness control in step S4 adopts a proportional closed-loop adjustment, with the following formula: The adjustment range is 1%–5% of the preset target brightness value, using a stepped adjustment; where: This is the amount of driving current adjustment; The proportionality coefficient is between 0.01 and 0.05; Target brightness; To detect brightness in real time.

[0019] Preferably, the spectral stabilization control in step S4 adopts a band power ratio constraint, as shown in the formula: By constraining the fixed ratio of single-band optical power to total optical power, a constant spectral output is ensured. This method is achieved solely through linear fine-tuning of the drive current, eliminating the need for complex spectral fitting algorithms. In the formula: The optical power in a certain wavelength band; Total optical power; This is the preset mixing ratio coefficient.

[0020] Preferably, the temperature protection in step S4 uses a dynamic current limiting formula as follows: The system dynamically adjusts the maximum allowable drive current based on the real-time temperature of the LED beads; when the LED bead temperature exceeds the protection threshold, the system automatically reduces the drive current and activates the heat dissipation device to cool it down; when the temperature exceeds the limit threshold, the power supply to the corresponding zone is immediately cut off to prevent the LED beads from overheating and burning out; where: This represents the maximum permissible drive current at the current temperature. This is the temperature decay coefficient; Real-time junction temperature of LEDs.

[0021] Preferably, in step S5, the control module independently controls the brightness and spectral parameter adjustment of each partition; the collaborative control mode includes uniform illumination mode and key illumination mode, the uniform mode is suitable for uniform detection across the entire area, and the key mode is suitable for observation of local details.

[0022] Preferably, the control module has a parameter memory function, which automatically restores the previous always-on configuration after a power outage and restart; it also supports serial communication, remote control, and data reading / writing / CSV import / export functions.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. This invention divides the ring-shaped lamp body into multiple zones evenly along the circumference, such as 4, 8, or 16 independent lighting zones. Each zone is equipped with an independent light source module. Each group of light source modules can cover the visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared light bands. With the help of an independent driving module, the brightness and spectrum of a single zone can be adjusted, solving the problems of interference and single spectrum in traditional ring light sources. Each zone can work independently or collaboratively. It can freely switch between uniform lighting and focused lighting, adapting to scenarios such as multi-color product inspection and multi-band mixed lighting, improving the applicability and flexibility of the light source, and meeting the diverse needs of machine vision and medical lighting.

[0025] 2. This invention employs a control module for centralized and collaborative management of light source modules in multiple zones. A detection module continuously collects the operating parameters of the corresponding zone's light source modules and feeds them back to the control module in real time. Combined with a preset algorithm, it achieves fully closed-loop stable control, realizing multi-dimensional stable control of brightness, spectrum, temperature, and power supply. Brightness is adjusted proportionally in a closed-loop manner, with small increments of 1%–5% to avoid brightness jumps. The spectrum maintains constant output through band power ratio constraints, eliminating the need for complex algorithms. Temperature is automatically adjusted by a dynamic current-limiting formula, initiating heat dissipation. The entire process requires no manual intervention to maintain stable, continuous illumination for extended periods. This solves the problems of brightness decay, spectral drift, and temperature runaway that occur with traditional light sources over long-term use, significantly improving lighting stability and consistency and extending the lifespan of LED chips. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the modules of the control method provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control mode provided by the present invention.

[0031] The diagram includes:

[0032] 1. Ring-shaped lamp body; 2. Multiple zones; 3. Light source module; 34. LED lamp beads; 31. Driver module; 32. Detection module; 33. Power supply module; 4. Control module. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are one embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Please refer to Figures 2 to 3 This invention provides a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source.

[0036] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the ring light source includes an outer housing, and a ring lamp body 1 is installed inside the outer housing. The ring lamp body 1 is evenly divided into multiple partitions 2 along the ring circumference. In this embodiment, the number of multiple partitions 2 is 4; in other embodiments, the number of multiple partitions 2 can also be 6, 8 or 12. The specific number can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual application scenario and the size of the ring lamp body 1 to achieve more precise spectral distribution control.

[0037] Each partition 2 is independently equipped with a light source module 3, which includes a driving module 31, a detection module 32, a power supply module 33, and a number of LED beads 34. The LED beads 34 are evenly arranged on the substrate, covering the visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared light bands to meet the needs of multispectral lighting.

[0038] The light source module 3 is electrically connected to the driving module 31, the detection module 32, the power supply module 33, and a number of LED beads 34. The driving module 31, the detection module 32, and the power supply module 33 are also electrically connected to the control module 4. The control module 4 controls the operation of the driving module 31, the detection module 32, and the power supply module 33, and indirectly controls the light source module 3 to light up the LED beads 34, emitting light of multiple spectral bands to the outside. The light is a single mode or a mixed mode of visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared light. The light can cover visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared light bands, and mixed light fields to meet the multispectral lighting needs of different scenarios.

[0039] The light source module 3, drive module 31, detection module 32, power supply module 33, and several LED beads 34 are separate small structures, one for each partition, which are independent of each other to avoid mutual interference between partitions. However, they are also indirectly connected to each other through the control module 4. The control module 4 is electrically connected to the drive module 31, detection module 32, and power supply module 33 respectively. As the core of the system, it completes parameter storage, parameter calculation, instruction issuance, and status monitoring. It is equivalent to a combination of a central processing unit and a memory.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a control method for a multispectral multi-zone ring light source; including the multispectral multi-zone ring light source described in Embodiment 1; and used in the multispectral multi-zone ring light source described in Embodiment 1.

[0042] It also includes the following steps:

[0043] Step S1: System initialization. The control module 4 starts up and performs self-tests on multiple sets of drive modules 31, detection modules 32 and power supply modules 33. After confirming that there are no faults, it presets the constant-on parameters of multiple light source modules 3. The control module 4 controls the power supply module 33 to prepare power to each module, and the system enters standby mode.

[0044] Specifically, after the control module 4 is powered on, it performs a comprehensive self-test on all functional modules in the system, including but not limited to the drive module 31, detection module 32, and power supply module 33. It sequentially tests the circuit continuity, output stability, and short-circuit protection function of the drive module 31; the accuracy calibration and signal transmission effectiveness of the brightness sensor, spectrum sensor, and temperature sensor of the detection module 32; and the output voltage, current stability, and overload protection capability of the power supply module 33. At the same time, it verifies whether the communication links between the modules are unobstructed. After all modules have completed their self-tests and confirmed that there are no hardware faults or abnormal parameters, the control module 4 automatically loads or manually presets the constant-on basic parameters of each zone light source module 3. After the parameter configuration is completed, it controls the power supply module 33 to stably supply power to the drive module 31, detection module 32, light source module 3, and other functional modules. The system automatically enters a low-power standby state, waiting for the start command to trigger, in preparation for subsequent constant-on operation.

[0045] Step S2: Constant light start control. After receiving the start command, the control module 4 sends a drive command to the drive module 31 according to the preset parameters. The drive module 31 starts the corresponding light source module 3 using a constant current drive method, so that the light source module 3 enters the constant light state.

[0046] Specifically, after receiving an externally triggered start command such as a button command, serial port command, or remote control command, the control module 4 immediately parses the command information and sends a precise drive command to the corresponding partition's drive module 31. After receiving the command, the drive module 31 starts the corresponding partition's light source module 3 using a constant current drive method. The current boost rate can be flexibly adjusted according to lighting requirements to avoid sudden current changes impacting the LED beads 34, extend the lifespan of the LED beads 34, and enable the light source module 3 to quickly and smoothly enter a stable, constant-on state without flickering or brightness jumps.

[0047] Step S3: Real-time detection of operating parameters. The detection module 32 continuously collects the operating parameters of the light source module 3 in the corresponding partition and transmits the collected parameters to the control module 4 in real time.

[0048] Specifically, after the system enters the constant-on state, the detection module 32 enters the continuous working mode. For multiple zones, the core operating parameters of the light source module 3 of each zone are collected in real time through the independent detection module 32. All collected parameters are transmitted to the control module 4 in real time and without delay through the communication link, providing data support for subsequent stability adjustment.

[0049] Step S4: Constant brightness stability control. The control module 4 compares the real-time operating parameters with the preset parameters and protection thresholds, and sends control commands to the drive module 31 and the power supply module 33 to achieve stability control of brightness, spectrum, temperature and power supply.

[0050] Specifically, after receiving the real-time operating parameters transmitted by the detection module 32, the control module 4 immediately compares and analyzes them with the preset target parameters and safety protection thresholds in step S1. Based on the parameter deviation value, it sends precise control commands to the drive module 31 and the power supply module 33 to achieve full closed-loop stability control from four dimensions: brightness, spectrum, temperature, and power supply. Brightness control adopts a proportional closed-loop adjustment algorithm to reduce the deviation between the target brightness and the actual brightness by fine-tuning the drive current. Spectrum stability control adopts band power ratio constraints to maintain a constant power ratio of each spectral band by linearly fine-tuning the drive current of single-band LED beads. Temperature control combines real-time temperature data to dynamically adjust the upper limit of the drive current and link it with the heat dissipation module. Power supply control calibrates the output voltage and current in real time to avoid power supply fluctuations affecting the lighting effect, ensuring the stability and consistency of the constant-on state in all aspects.

[0051] Step S5: Independent control and coordinated regulation of zones. The control module 4 supports independent adjustment of the constant-on parameters of multiple zones, and can also set a coordinated regulation mode to make multiple zones run synchronously according to a preset ratio.

[0052] Step S6: Fault detection and protection. The control module 4 monitors the operating status of each module in real time. When a fault is detected, it issues a prompt signal and takes protective measures such as cutting off the power supply to the faulty partition and starting the backup unit.

[0053] Specifically: The control module 4 monitors the operating status of each module in real time throughout the system operation, continuously identifying fault types such as open / short circuit of LED beads 34, overload of drive module 31, sensor failure, power supply abnormality, and overheating. Once a fault is detected in any module, the control module 4 immediately issues a fault warning signal through audible and visual signals, communication feedback, etc. At the same time, it implements graded protection measures according to the fault level: for minor faults, it limits the output power of the faulty partition and continuously monitors it; for serious faults, it immediately cuts off the power supply to the faulty partition to prevent the fault from escalating, and at the same time activates the backup functional unit to ensure the normal operation of the non-faulty partition, thereby improving the system's safety and reliability.

[0054] Step S7: Maintaining the constant-on state and turning it off. When the system is running normally, steps S3 to S6 are repeated continuously to maintain the constant-on state. After receiving the turn-off command, the control module 4 controls each module to stop working and the system enters the shutdown state.

[0055] Specifically, when the system is fault-free and there is no shutdown command, it will continuously repeat the operation logic of steps S3 to S6, performing real-time detection, real-time control, and real-time protection to maintain the stable and constant-on state of the light source module 3 for a long time, with no drift in brightness and spectrum and no abnormal increase in temperature. When the control module 4 receives a shutdown command such as manual shutdown, timed shutdown, or automatic shutdown due to fault, it immediately sends a stop working command to each module. The drive module 31 stops outputting current, the light source module 3 turns off, the detection module 32 stops collecting parameters, and the power supply module 33 gradually cuts off power. The system completes the shutdown process, returns to the initial power-off state, and completes a complete constant-on control cycle.

[0056] In this embodiment, the preset constant-on parameters in step S1 include target brightness value, target spectral parameters, constant current drive parameters, and protection thresholds. The parameters can be set manually or imported in batches through software to adapt to different scenario requirements. The protection thresholds specifically include the LED bead 34 extreme temperature threshold, drive current limit threshold, and power supply voltage limit threshold. If the threshold range is exceeded, the system will immediately activate protection to ensure hardware safety.

[0057] In this embodiment, the constant current driving method in step S2 adopts linear constant current driving. Compared with switching constant current driving, it has no electromagnetic interference and no current ripple, and the lighting is more stable. During the startup process, the driving current gradually and smoothly increases from the initial low current value to the preset constant current value. The current increase rate can be flexibly adjusted by the control module 4 to adapt to the startup characteristics of different types of LED beads 34 and avoid damage to the LED beads 34 due to current surge.

[0058] In this embodiment, the operating parameters of the detection module 32 in step S3 cover the three core dimensions of optical performance, electrical performance and thermal performance, comprehensively reflecting the operating status of the light source. The detection module 32 adopts a high-precision brightness sensor, spectral sensor and temperature sensor. Each partition corresponds to an independent detection module 32, realizing independent acquisition and transmission of partition parameters, avoiding mutual interference between parameters of different partitions and improving detection accuracy.

[0059] In this embodiment, in step S4

[0060] In step S4, brightness adjustment employs a proportional closed-loop control, as shown in the formula: The current adjustment is precisely calculated using a proportional coefficient. The adjustment range is 1%–5% of the preset target brightness value. A step-by-step, gradual adjustment is used to avoid abrupt brightness fluctuations affecting the lighting effect. This method is suitable for machine vision inspection scenarios where brightness stability is extremely important. Where: This is the amount of driving current adjustment; The proportionality coefficient is between 0.01 and 0.05; Target brightness; To detect brightness in real time.

[0061] In this embodiment, the spectral stabilization control in step S4 adopts a band power ratio constraint, and the formula is: By constraining the fixed ratio of single-band optical power to total optical power, a constant spectral output is ensured. This method achieves this solely through linear fine-tuning of the drive current, eliminating the need for complex spectral fitting algorithms. It features simple control logic, fast response speed, and low hardware cost. In the formula: The optical power in a certain wavelength band; Total optical power; This is the preset mixing ratio coefficient.

[0062] In this embodiment, the temperature protection in step S4 uses a dynamic current limiting formula as follows: The system dynamically adjusts the maximum allowable drive current based on the real-time temperature of the LED beads; when the LED bead temperature exceeds the protection threshold, the system automatically reduces the drive current and activates the heat dissipation device to cool it down; when the temperature exceeds the limit threshold, the power supply to the corresponding zone is immediately cut off to prevent the LED beads from overheating and burning out; where: This represents the maximum permissible drive current at the current temperature. This is the temperature decay coefficient; Real-time junction temperature of LEDs.

[0063] In this embodiment, in step S5, the control module 4 independently controls the brightness and spectral parameter adjustment of the four zones; the four zones are A, B, C, and D; wherein, the brightness and spectral parameters of the four zones are completely independently adjustable, which can realize combined lighting with different brightness and different spectra of the four zones. The collaborative control mode includes uniform lighting mode and key lighting mode. The uniform mode is suitable for uniform detection of the whole area, and the key mode is suitable for local detail observation, which can flexibly adapt to a variety of industrial and medical lighting scenarios.

[0064] In this embodiment, the control module 4 has a parameter memory function. After the system unexpectedly loses power or shuts down normally, it can automatically store the previous constant-on configuration parameters. After a power failure and restart, it does not need to be reset and automatically restores the original lighting state. It also supports serial communication, remote network control, real-time reading / writing of running data, and CSV import and export of configuration parameters, which facilitates industrial integration and remote management.

[0065] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, it is applicable to machine vision and medical lighting scenarios involving multi-band switching at the same workstation, multi-color product compatibility inspection, and the mixed use of visible light and ultraviolet / infrared light.

[0066] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multispectral, multi-zone ring light source, characterized in that: The device includes a ring-shaped lamp body (1), which is evenly divided into multiple partitions (2) along the circumference of the ring. Each partition (2) is provided with multiple light source modules (3), each light source module (3) containing LED beads (34) of multiple spectral bands. Each light source module (3) is electrically connected to a driving module (31), a detection module (32), and a power supply module (33), respectively. The driving module (31), the detection module (32), and the power supply module (33) are also electrically connected to a control module (4). The control module (4) controls the operation of the driving module (31), the detection module (32), and the power supply module (33), and indirectly controls the light source module (3) to light up the LED beads (34) and emit light of multiple spectral bands to the outside. The light is a single mode or a mixed mode of visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared light.

2. A control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source, characterized in that: Including the multispectral, multi-zone ring light source as described in claim 1; further comprising the following steps: Step S1: System initialization. The control module (4) starts and performs self-tests on the drive module (31), detection module (32) and power supply module (33). After confirming that there are no faults, it presets the constant lighting parameters of multiple light source modules (3). The control module (4) controls the power supply module (33) to supply power to each module, and the system enters standby mode. Step S2: Constant light start control. After receiving the start command, the control module (4) sends a drive command to the drive module (31) according to the preset parameters. The drive module (31) starts the corresponding light source module (3) using constant current drive mode, so that the light source module (3) enters the constant light state. Step S3: Real-time detection of operating parameters. The detection module (32) continuously collects the operating parameters of the light source module (3) of the corresponding partition and transmits the collected parameters to the control module (4) in real time. Step S4: Constant brightness stability control. The control module (4) compares the real-time operating parameters with the preset parameters and protection thresholds, and sends control commands to the drive module (31) and the power supply module (33) to realize the stability control of brightness, spectrum, temperature and power supply. Step S5: Independent control and coordinated regulation of partitions. The control module (4) supports independent adjustment of the constant-on parameters of multiple partitions, and can also set a coordinated regulation mode to make multiple partitions run synchronously according to a preset ratio. Step S6: Fault detection and protection. The control module (4) monitors the operating status of each module in real time. When a fault is detected, it issues a prompt signal and takes protective measures such as cutting off the power supply to the faulty partition and starting the backup unit. Step S7: Maintaining and turning off the constant-on state. When the system is running normally, steps S3 to S6 are repeated continuously to maintain the constant-on state. After receiving the shutdown command, the control module (4) controls each module to stop working and the system enters the shutdown state.

3. The control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preset constant-light parameters in step S1 include target brightness value, target spectral parameters, constant current drive parameters and protection thresholds; the protection thresholds include the limit temperature threshold, drive current limit threshold and power supply voltage limit threshold of the LED bead (34).

4. The control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the constant current driving method adopts linear constant current driving. During the startup process, the driving current gradually increases from the initial value to the preset constant current value, and the increase rate is adjustable.

5. The control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection operation parameters of the detection module (32) in step S3 include actual brightness value, actual spectral parameters, LED bead temperature, driving current, driving voltage and power supply voltage; the detection module (32) adopts a brightness sensor, a spectral sensor and a temperature sensor, and each partition corresponds to an independent detection module (32).

6. The control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, brightness adjustment employs a proportional closed-loop control, as shown in the formula: The adjustment range is 1%–5% of the preset target brightness value, using a stepped adjustment; where: This is the amount of drive current adjustment; The proportionality coefficient is between 0.01 and 0.05; Target brightness; To detect brightness in real time.

7. The control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the spectral stabilization control employs a band power ratio constraint, as shown in the formula: By constraining the fixed ratio of single-band optical power to total optical power, a constant spectral output is ensured. This method is achieved solely through linear fine-tuning of the drive current, eliminating the need for complex spectral fitting algorithms. In the formula: The optical power in a certain wavelength band; Total optical power; This is the preset mixing ratio coefficient.

8. The control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, the temperature protection uses a dynamic current limiting formula: The system dynamically adjusts the maximum allowable drive current based on the real-time temperature of the LED beads; when the LED bead temperature exceeds the protection threshold, the system automatically reduces the drive current and activates the heat dissipation device to cool it down; when the temperature exceeds the limit threshold, the power supply to the corresponding zone is immediately cut off to prevent the LED beads from overheating and burning out; where: This represents the maximum permissible drive current at the current temperature. This is the temperature decay coefficient; Real-time junction temperature of LEDs.

9. The control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S5, the control module (4) independently controls the brightness and spectral parameter adjustment of each partition; the collaborative control mode includes uniform illumination mode and key illumination mode. The uniform mode is suitable for uniform detection across the entire area, while the key mode is suitable for observation of local details.

10. The control method for a multispectral, multi-zone ring light source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control module (4) has a parameter memory function and automatically restores the previous always-on configuration after power failure and restart; it supports serial communication, remote control, data reading / writing / CSV import and export functions.

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