A heat dissipation control method based on double heat dissipation media and a three-dimensional heat sink

Abstract

The application discloses a heat dissipation control method and a three-dimensional heat dissipator based on double heat dissipation media, and comprises the following steps: controlling the water flow of a water pump driving an outer pipe of the heat dissipator to run at a fixed flow rate; collecting internal pressure and base heat source temperature data of a sealed inner pipe in real time, combining the internal pressure with the base heat source temperature data to detect whether boiling and gasification of acetone in the inner pipe occurs; when it is determined that boiling and gasification of acetone occurs, the system is switched to a dynamic adjustment mode, internal pipe condensing end outer wall temperature data are collected in real time, the flow rate of the water pump is adjusted through a control algorithm, and the condensing end temperature is stabilized in a preset range; the internal pressure and the base heat source temperature data of the inner pipe are monitored in real time, and when a preset exit condition is met, the system is switched back to the pre-trigger heat dissipation mode. The double heat dissipation media work in cooperation, the boiling and gasification of acetone is triggered by a ladder work temperature, and the three-dimensional heat dissipator structure is matched, so that efficient heat dissipation is realized, and the working effect of the heat dissipator is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of radiator technology, specifically to a heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media and a three-dimensional radiator. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as electronic equipment and industrial heat exchange, as the power density of devices continues to increase, efficient heat dissipation technology has become crucial for ensuring stable equipment operation. Current three-dimensional heat sinks primarily employ a single heat dissipation medium circulating within the heat dissipation pipes. The circulation rate of this medium is adjusted to meet the heat dissipation requirements at different operating temperatures. However, increasing the circulation rate can easily reduce the heat exchange efficiency of the heat dissipation medium. Therefore, the heat dissipation performance of the heat sink needs improvement under prolonged operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. This invention provides a heat dissipation control method and a three-dimensional heat sink based on dual heat dissipation media. It adopts a dual heat dissipation media working in combination, triggers acetone to vaporize and absorb heat with a stepped working temperature, and combines it with a three-dimensional heat sink structure to achieve efficient heat dissipation and improve the working effect of the heat sink.

[0004] The present invention also provides a heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media, characterized in that the heat dissipation control method includes: Control the water pump to drive the water flow in the radiator's outer pipe at a fixed flow rate; Real-time acquisition of internal pressure and base heat source temperature data of the sealed inner tube, combined with the internal pressure and base heat source temperature data to detect whether the acetone in the inner tube has boiled and vaporized. Once it is determined that acetone has boiled and vaporized, the system switches to dynamic adjustment mode, collects the temperature data of the outer wall of the inner tube condenser end in real time, and adjusts the water pump flow rate through the control algorithm to stabilize the condenser end temperature within the preset range. The system monitors the internal pressure of the inner tube and the temperature of the base heat source in real time. When the preset exit conditions are met, the system switches back to the pre-triggered heat dissipation mode.

[0005] Furthermore, the real-time acquisition of internal pressure and base heat source temperature data of the sealed inner tube, and the detection of whether the acetone in the inner tube has boiled and vaporized by combining the internal pressure and base heat source temperature data, includes: The pressure sensor installed at the reserved process port in the sealed inner tube collects the internal pressure data of acetone in real time, and the sampling frequency is matched with the control cycle. The detection algorithm identifies the acetone in the inner tube by comparing real-time pressure data with a preset trigger pressure threshold and combining the duration of the real-time pressure data. If the real-time pressure data is greater than the preset trigger pressure threshold and the duration of the real-time pressure data is greater than the preset time threshold, it is determined that the acetone in the inner tube is in a boiling vaporization state. If the real-time pressure data is less than the preset trigger pressure threshold, it is determined that the acetone in the inner tube is in a normal liquid state.

[0006] Furthermore, the detection algorithm identifies the acetone in the inner tube by comparing real-time pressure data with a preset trigger pressure threshold and considering the duration of the real-time pressure data. If the real-time pressure data is greater than the preset trigger pressure threshold and the duration of the real-time pressure data is greater than a preset time threshold, then the algorithm determines that the acetone in the inner tube is in a boiling vaporization state. The real-time temperature value of the heat source is obtained based on the temperature sensor on the base, and the rate of temperature change of the heat source on the base is calculated. When the real-time pressure data exceeds the preset trigger pressure threshold for 2 consecutive seconds, the evaluation is performed in conjunction with the temperature change rate of the base heat source per unit time. When the rate of temperature change exceeds 3°C / s and then tends to stabilize, the acetone treatment in the inner tube is determined to be in a boiling vaporization state.

[0007] Furthermore, when it is determined that acetone has boiled and vaporized, the system switches to dynamic adjustment mode, collects real-time temperature data of the outer wall of the inner tube condenser end, and adjusts the water pump flow rate through a control algorithm to stabilize the condenser end temperature within a preset range, including: A temperature sensor attached to the outer wall of the condenser end of the inner tube is used to collect the temperature data of the outer wall of the condenser end in real time, which serves as a feedback quantity for dynamic adjustment. The system employs a PID control algorithm, using the preset target temperature at the condenser end as a reference, to perform deviation calculation, proportional regulation, integral regulation, and derivative regulation on the real-time collected temperature data, and outputs a water pump flow rate control signal.

[0008] Furthermore, the PID control algorithm, using a preset target condenser temperature as a reference, performs deviation calculation, proportional regulation, integral regulation, and derivative regulation on the real-time acquired temperature data, and outputs a water pump flow rate control signal including: The deviation value of the real-time temperature data is calculated based on the target temperature. The proportional term output, integral term cumulative output and differential term output are calculated respectively using preset proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and differential coefficient. The water pump flow rate adjustment is obtained by combining the proportional term output, integral term cumulative output and differential term output.

[0009] Furthermore, the step of switching the system to dynamic adjustment mode after determining that acetone has boiled and vaporized, collecting real-time temperature data of the outer wall of the inner tube condenser end, and adjusting the water pump flow rate through a control algorithm to stabilize the condenser end temperature within a preset range also includes: Real-time collection of water pump outlet flow data helps determine the water circulation status; The pump flow rate regulation output by the PID algorithm is limited to 40%~100% of the rated flow rate. Simultaneously, the pressure data of the inner tube is monitored in real time. When abnormal pressure fluctuations occur, the algorithm anti-shake processing is activated to maintain the stability of the regulation.

[0010] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional heat sink based on dual heat dissipation media. The three-dimensional heat sink is used to execute the heat dissipation control method. The three-dimensional heat sink includes a base and a double-layer heat dissipation pipe disposed on the base. The double-layer heat dissipation pipe is composed of an inner pipe and an outer pipe nested together. The double-layer heat dissipation pipe is based on a folding to form a three-dimensional heat dissipation structure. The inner tube is filled with acetone, the outer tube is filled with cooling water, and the base is in contact with the heat source of the equipment.

[0011] Furthermore, the sealed inner tube is provided with a reserved process port, which is located at the top condensation end or the bottom evaporation end of the inner tube, for installing a pressure sensor. The connection between the process port and the sensor adopts a welded sealing structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the base has a pre-embedded temperature sensor mounting slot, in which the temperature sensor is embedded and closely fitted to the base. The sensor's detection end is close to the heat source contact surface, used to accurately collect heat source temperature data and provide data support for the control algorithm. The outer wall of the inner tube's condensing end has a sensor mounting plane for fixing the condensing temperature sensor, ensuring the accuracy of temperature acquisition.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer tube is provided with cooling medium inlet and outlet at both ends, which are connected to water circulation pipeline and water pump. The inner wall of the outer tube is provided with a flow guiding structure, and the inner tube is made of high temperature resistant sealing material.

[0014] This invention provides a heat dissipation control method and a three-dimensional heat sink based on dual heat dissipation media. The method uses dual heat dissipation media working together, triggering acetone to vaporize and absorb heat at a stepped operating temperature. Combined with the three-dimensional heat sink structure, the heat exchange area of ​​the heat dissipation media is increased, achieving efficient heat dissipation and improving the working effect of the heat sink. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-dimensional heat sink based on dual heat dissipation media in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional heat sink based on dual heat dissipation media in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an appendix to the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 This invention provides a heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media, the heat dissipation control method comprising: S11: Control the water pump to drive the water flow in the radiator outer pipe 21 at a fixed flow rate, and enter the pre-triggered heat dissipation mode.

[0019] Specifically, the three-dimensional heat sink is installed on the load device, the three-dimensional heat sink is started, and the water pump is controlled to drive the water flow in the outer pipe 21 of the three-dimensional heat sink at a fixed flow rate, so that the three-dimensional heat sink can meet the heat dissipation requirements of the load device. The three-dimensional heat sink is in a pre-triggered heat dissipation mode, and the acetone heat dissipation medium 3 in the inner pipe 22 of the heat sink performs self-triggered vaporization auxiliary heat dissipation, which can effectively improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0020] S12: Real-time acquisition of internal pressure data of sealed inner tube 22 and heat source temperature data of base 1, and detection of whether acetone in inner tube 22 has boiled and vaporized by combining the internal pressure data and the heat source temperature data of base 1. Specifically, step S12 includes: The pressure sensor 4, installed at the reserved process port of the sealed inner tube 22, collects acetone internal pressure data in real time, with the sampling frequency matched to the control cycle. The pressure sensor 4 is a device that senses pressure and converts it into an electrical signal. Its function is to accurately measure the real-time pressure value of the acetone heat dissipation medium 3 inside the sealed inner tube 22. Common types of pressure sensors 4 include piezoresistive, capacitive, or piezoelectric sensors. They detect changes in pressure that cause deformation of the sensitive element, thereby outputting a corresponding electrical signal. The reserved process port of the sealed inner tube 22 is a specially designed interface for convenient sensor installation and maintenance. Real-time acquisition of acetone internal pressure data refers to obtaining pressure data continuously or at high frequency. This is typically achieved by converting the analog signal output by the pressure sensor 4 into a digital signal via an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and transmitting it to the control unit for processing via a data bus. The purpose is to promptly reflect the dynamic changes in the internal pressure of the inner tube 22, providing immediate basis for subsequent boiling and vaporization judgment.

[0021] Furthermore, the sampling frequency refers to the number of data points collected per unit time, and the control cycle refers to the time required for the control system to execute a complete control logic once. The purpose of matching the two is to ensure that sufficient new and representative pressure data can be obtained in each control cycle, avoiding data lag due to too low a sampling frequency, or waste of computing resources due to too high a sampling frequency, thereby ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of control decisions.

[0022] The detection algorithm identifies the real-time pressure data by comparing it with a preset trigger pressure threshold and combining the duration of the real-time pressure data. If the real-time pressure data is greater than the preset trigger pressure threshold and the duration of the real-time pressure data is greater than the preset time threshold, it is determined that the acetone in the inner tube 22 is in a boiling vaporization state. If the real-time pressure data is less than the preset trigger pressure threshold, it is determined that the acetone in the inner tube 22 is in a normal liquid state.

[0023] A threaded process port is reserved at the top condensation end of the sealed inner tube 22 for installing a MEMS piezoresistive pressure sensor 4 with a range of 0-0.5MPa. This pressure sensor 4 is connected to the main control unit (e.g., an STM32 series microcontroller) via an I2C bus, acquiring acetone internal pressure data in real time at a sampling frequency of 100Hz. The control cycle of the main control unit is set to 10ms to ensure that the latest pressure data is acquired in each control cycle. The detection algorithm runs in the main control unit, and the preset trigger pressure threshold can be set to 0.15MPa (absolute pressure), which is determined based on the saturated vapor pressure characteristics of acetone at a specific operating temperature. Simultaneously, the preset time threshold can be set to 0.5 seconds. When the real-time acquired pressure data is higher than 0.15MPa for 0.6 consecutive seconds, the detection algorithm determines that the acetone in the inner tube 22 is in a boiling vaporization state and sends a mode switching command to the system. If the pressure data remains above 0.15 MPa for only 0.2 seconds before dropping back down, the algorithm will treat it as an instantaneous fluctuation and will not trigger the boiling vaporization judgment, thus maintaining the system in the pre-trigger mode.

[0024] Specifically, the detection algorithm identifies the acetone in inner tube 22 as being in a boiling vaporization state by comparing real-time pressure data with a preset trigger pressure threshold and considering the duration of the real-time pressure data. If the real-time pressure data is greater than the preset trigger pressure threshold and the duration of the real-time pressure data is greater than a preset time threshold, the algorithm determines that the acetone in inner tube 22 is in a boiling vaporization state. The real-time temperature value of the heat source is obtained based on the temperature sensor on the base 1, and the rate of temperature change of the heat source on the base 1 is calculated. When the real-time pressure data exceeds the preset trigger pressure threshold for 2 consecutive seconds, the evaluation is performed in conjunction with the temperature change rate of the heat source of base 1 per unit time. When the rate of temperature change exceeds 3°C / s and then tends to stabilize, the boiling vaporization state of the acetone treatment in the inner tube 22 is determined.

[0025] The temperature sensor on base 1 can be a high-precision thermistor, which has a fast response speed and can capture the temperature changes of the heat source in real time. The control system continuously acquires the output signal of the thermistor with a sampling period of 100ms and converts it into a digital temperature value. The calculation of the temperature change rate of the heat source on base 1 can be performed using a simple differential method, that is, the difference between the current temperature value and the temperature value one second ago is calculated every second. For example, if the current temperature is T(t) and the temperature one second ago was T(t-1), then the temperature change rate is (T(t) - T(t-1)) / 1s. When the system detects that the real-time pressure data inside the inner tube 22 is higher than the preset trigger pressure threshold (e.g., 0.15MPa) for two consecutive seconds, the system will immediately check the calculated temperature change rate of the heat source on base 1 at this time. If the rate continues to exceed 3℃ / s, and the fluctuation range (e.g., standard deviation) of the rate is less than 0.5℃ / s in the next few seconds (e.g., three consecutive seconds), it can be determined that the temperature change rate tends to be stable. Once both conditions are met, the system can be certain that the acetone in the inner tube 22 has entered a stable boiling vaporization state.

[0026] The above technical solution, when determining whether acetone in the inner tube 22 has undergone boiling vaporization, not only considers internal pressure data but also introduces the temperature change rate of the heat source in base 1 as an auxiliary judgment criterion. This multi-parameter fusion judgment mechanism significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of boiling vaporization state detection. It effectively avoids misjudgments caused by instantaneous pressure fluctuations or unstable heating, ensuring that the system only switches modes when acetone has truly entered a stable boiling vaporization state. This allows the heat dissipation control system to respond more accurately to the actual heat dissipation needs of the heat source, avoiding the problems of increased energy consumption or reduced heat dissipation efficiency caused by switching control modes too early or too late, thereby improving the overall stability and efficiency of the heat dissipation system.

[0027] S13: When it is determined that acetone has boiled and vaporized, the system switches to dynamic adjustment mode, collects the temperature data of the outer wall of the condenser end of the inner tube 22 in real time, and adjusts the water pump flow rate through the control algorithm to stabilize the condenser end temperature within the preset range.

[0028] A temperature sensor is used to convert temperature changes into electrical signals. By attaching the temperature sensor to the outer wall of the condenser end of the inner tube 22, it can be ensured that it is in close contact with the surface being measured, thereby accurately and timely obtaining the actual temperature data of the condenser end.

[0029] Specifically, step S13 includes: A temperature sensor mounted on the outer wall of the condenser end of the inner pipe 22 is used to collect the temperature data of the outer wall of the condenser end in real time, which is used as the feedback quantity for dynamic adjustment. The PID control algorithm is adopted, and the real-time temperature data is processed by deviation calculation, proportional adjustment, integral adjustment and derivative adjustment based on the preset target temperature of the condenser end, and the water pump flow rate control signal is output.

[0030] Real-time temperature data is used as a key feedback variable in the dynamic adjustment process, providing the control system with accurate information about its current state for subsequent adjustment decisions. The preset target condenser temperature is the ideal temperature value the system hopes the condenser will reach in dynamic adjustment mode. This target temperature is determined comprehensively based on factors such as the design requirements of the heat dissipation system, the boiling characteristics of acetone, and overall heat dissipation efficiency. Deviation calculation involves comparing the real-time collected condenser outer wall temperature data with the preset target condenser temperature to determine the difference between the current temperature and the target temperature, i.e., the error. The proportional control term adjusts the output based on the magnitude of the current error; the larger the error, the larger the adjustment. The integral control term accumulates historical errors to eliminate steady-state errors, ensuring the final temperature accurately reaches the target value. The derivative control term adjusts the output based on the rate of change of the error, predicting the error trend and allowing for early intervention, improving system response speed and stability, and reducing overshoot. After deviation calculation, proportional control, integral control, and derivative control processing, the PID control algorithm generates a water pump flow rate control signal. This signal is used to drive the water pump, adjust its operating speed, and thus change the flow rate of cooling water in the outer tube 21 of the radiator. By precisely controlling the water pump flow rate, the efficiency of the cooling water in removing heat can be adjusted, thereby indirectly controlling the temperature of the condenser end of the inner tube 22 and stabilizing it within a preset target range.

[0031] Furthermore, the PID control algorithm is a feedback control algorithm widely used in industrial control. Its name comes from its three components: proportional, integral, and derivative. This algorithm calculates the error between the setpoint and the process variable, and adjusts the output by combining these three control terms to make the process variable as close as possible to the setpoint. The PID control algorithm has advantages such as simple structure, good stability, and strong robustness, and can effectively cope with disturbances and uncertainties in the system, achieving precise control of the controlled object.

[0032] Specifically, the PID control algorithm, based on a preset target condenser temperature, performs deviation calculations, proportional adjustments, integral adjustments, and derivative adjustments on the real-time collected temperature data, outputting a water pump flow rate control signal including: The deviation value is calculated based on the real-time temperature data according to the target temperature. Using preset proportional, integral, and derivative coefficients, the proportional term output, cumulative integral term output, and derivative term output are calculated respectively. The pump flow rate adjustment is obtained by combining these outputs. These preset proportional, integral, and derivative coefficients are key parameters for PID controller performance tuning, corresponding to the weights of the proportional, integral, and derivative terms, respectively. The proportional coefficient determines the controller's response strength to the current deviation; a larger value will result in a faster system response but may also lead to overshoot or oscillation. The integral coefficient is used to eliminate the system's steady-state error; it accumulates historical deviations to ensure the system eventually reaches the target value, but an excessively large value may lead to integral saturation. The derivative coefficient is used to predict the trend of deviation changes, suppressing overshoot and reducing oscillations by responding to the rate of change of deviation, thus improving system stability; however, an excessively large value may make the system sensitive to noise. These coefficients are typically set and optimized empirically, through trial and error, or using professional self-tuning algorithms to adapt to different system dynamic characteristics and control requirements.

[0033] In dynamic adjustment mode, the system can set the target temperature of the condenser end to 45℃. An NTC thermistor temperature sensor mounted on the outer wall of the condenser end of the inner tube 22 collects the temperature data of the condenser end in real time. This temperature sensor converts the temperature signal into an analog voltage signal, which is sampled and digitized by the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the microcontroller (e.g., an STM32 series microcontroller). The PID control algorithm running inside the microcontroller compares the real-time acquired digital temperature value with the setpoint of 45℃ to calculate the temperature deviation. For example, if the real-time temperature is 47℃, the deviation is +2℃; if the real-time temperature is 43℃, the deviation is -2℃. The PID algorithm calculates the proportional, integral, and derivative terms based on preset proportional coefficients Kp, integral coefficients Ki, and derivative coefficients Kd. These output terms are superimposed to form a total control quantity. This control quantity is then converted into a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal and sent to the water pump motor controller through the drive circuit. The water pump motor controller adjusts the pump speed based on the duty cycle of the PWM signal, thereby changing the cooling water flow rate. For example, when the condenser temperature is high, the PWM signal duty cycle increases, the pump speed increases, and the cooling water flow rate increases, thus removing more heat and lowering the condenser temperature. Conversely, when the condenser temperature is low, the PWM signal duty cycle decreases, the pump speed decreases, and the cooling water flow rate decreases, causing the condenser temperature to rise. In this way, the system can continuously maintain the condenser temperature near the target value of 45°C, and can quickly adjust even if the heat load fluctuates.

[0034] S14: Real-time monitoring of the internal pressure of the inner tube 22 and the heat source temperature of the base 1. When the preset exit conditions are met, the system switches back to the pre-triggered heat dissipation mode.

[0035] During the initial startup phase or under low load, the heat dissipation system operates in a pre-triggered cooling mode. At this time, a water pump controls the circulation of cooling water in the outer pipe 21 at a fixed flow rate. In this embodiment, the water pump can be set to operate at a flow rate of 5 liters per minute, providing basic cooling capacity for the entire heat dissipation system. During this stage, the acetone heat dissipation medium 3 in the sealed inner pipe 22 is primarily in a liquid state, absorbing heat transferred from the heat source of the base 1 through conduction and convection.

[0036] As the workload of electronic devices increases, the heat generated by the core processor continues to rise, causing the temperature of the heat sink base 1 to gradually increase. The system collects internal pressure data of the sealed inner tube 22 and heat source temperature data of the base 1 in real time. For example, pressure sensor 4 collects the pressure of the inner tube 22 once per second, and temperature sensor collects the temperature of the base 1 once per second. After receiving this data, the controller continuously monitors the system. When it detects that the internal pressure of the inner tube 22 continuously exceeds a preset pressure threshold (e.g., 0.2 MPa) and the heat source temperature of the base 1 continuously exceeds a preset temperature threshold (e.g., 80°C), the system determines that the acetone in the inner tube 22 has boiled and vaporized. This means that the acetone is efficiently absorbing heat and converting it into vapor, transferring heat from the evaporation end to the condensation end.

[0037] Once acetone boiling and vaporization is detected, the system immediately switches from pre-trigger mode to dynamic regulation mode. In dynamic regulation mode, the system collects real-time temperature data of the outer wall of the condenser end of the inner tube 22. For example, the temperature sensor on the outer wall of the condenser end collects temperature data at a higher frequency (e.g., once every 0.5 seconds). After receiving this condenser end temperature data, the controller compares it with a preset target condenser end temperature (e.g., 60°C). If the real-time condenser end temperature is higher than the target temperature, the control algorithm calculates an adjustment amount for the water pump flow rate and instructs the water pump to increase the flow rate, thereby increasing the cooling water's ability to remove heat and lowering the condenser end temperature. Conversely, if the real-time condenser end temperature is lower than the target temperature, the control algorithm instructs the water pump to reduce the flow rate to avoid overcooling. Through this dynamic regulation, the condenser end temperature is stably maintained within a preset range (e.g., 58°C to 62°C), ensuring efficient condensation of acetone vapor and maintaining the optimal operating state of the entire heat dissipation system.

[0038] During dynamic adjustment mode operation, the system continuously monitors the internal pressure of the inner pipe 22 and the temperature of the heat source in the base 1. When the workload of the electronic equipment decreases, the temperature of the heat source in the base 1 begins to drop, and the internal pressure of the inner pipe 22 also decreases accordingly. For example, when the internal pressure of the inner pipe 22 remains below 0.15 MPa for a continuous period and the temperature of the heat source in the base 1 remains below 70°C for a continuous period of time, the system determines that the preset exit conditions have been met. At this time, the system smoothly switches back to the pre-triggered mode, and the water pump resumes operation at a fixed initial flow rate, waiting for the next increase in heat load.

[0039] Based on the above examples, the heat dissipation control method of this embodiment demonstrates significant technical contributions. In the prior art, three-dimensional heat sinks mainly rely on adjusting the circulation velocity of a single heat dissipation medium to meet heat dissipation requirements. However, as pointed out in the background section above, simply increasing the circulation velocity often reduces the heat exchange effect of the heat dissipation medium, especially under long-term high-load conditions, making it difficult to continuously optimize the heat dissipation effect.

[0040] This embodiment effectively solves this problem by introducing dual heat dissipation media working in tandem and employing an intelligent, phased control strategy. In pre-trigger mode, the system provides basic heat dissipation through a fixed water pump flow rate and monitors key parameters in real time. Unlike existing technologies that may blindly increase the flow rate or passively wait for heat accumulation, this embodiment can actively and in real time detect whether the acetone in the inner tube 22 has boiled and vaporized. This precise judgment based on the phase change medium state enables the system to promptly identify the actual heat load demand, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and inefficient heat dissipation.

[0041] Specifically, when it is determined that acetone has boiled and vaporized, the system switches to dynamic adjustment mode, collects real-time temperature data of the outer wall of the condenser end of the inner tube 22, and adjusts the water pump flow rate through a control algorithm to stabilize the condenser end temperature within a preset range. This also includes: Real-time collection of water pump outlet flow data helps determine the water circulation status; The pump flow rate regulation output by the PID algorithm is limited to 40%~100% of the rated flow rate. Simultaneously, the pressure data of the inner tube 22 is monitored in real time. When abnormal pressure fluctuations occur, the algorithm anti-shake processing is activated to maintain the stability of the regulation.

[0042] In dynamic adjustment mode, the system collects temperature data in real time through a temperature sensor mounted on the outer wall of the condenser end of the inner pipe 22, and inputs it to a PID controller based on a microcontroller (e.g., using an ARM Cortex-M series processor). This PID controller calculates the pump flow rate adjustment based on the preset target condenser end temperature. To enhance system stability, a Hall effect flow sensor is installed on the pump outlet pipe to measure the cooling water flow rate in real time and feeds back the flow signal (e.g., pulse frequency) to the microcontroller. The microcontroller compares this flow data with the pump flow rate adjustment output by the PID controller. If there is a significant deviation between the actual flow rate and the commanded flow rate, the system issues a warning and adjusts the control strategy. Simultaneously, the pump PWM duty cycle (representing the flow rate adjustment) calculated by the PID algorithm passes through a software limiting module before being output to the pump drive circuit. This module limits the PWM duty cycle between 40% and 100%. For example, if the PID calculates a 20% duty cycle, the actual output is 40%; if it calculates a 120% duty cycle, the actual output is 100%. In addition, a pressure sensor 4 installed at the top condenser end of the inner tube 22 continuously monitors the internal pressure of the inner tube 22. The microcontroller analyzes the pressure data in real time. When it detects that the rate of pressure change continuously exceeds 5 kPa / s, or that the pressure value fluctuates by more than 10 kPa within a short period of time (e.g., within 0.5 seconds), the system will immediately activate the algorithm anti-jitter processing. During this anti-jitter processing, the integral term of the PID controller will be temporarily frozen, and the gain of the proportional term will be halved. At the same time, the water pump flow rate will be maintained at the current value or switched to a preset intermediate value (e.g., 70% of the rated flow rate) for 3 seconds. After the pressure fluctuation subsides, the system will resume normal PID parameters and control.

[0043] Through the above technical solutions, the system can more comprehensively perceive the operating status of the heat dissipation system, focusing not only on the condenser temperature but also on the actual flow rate of the water circulation and the pressure stability inside the inner pipe 22. Limiting the water pump flow rate effectively prevents the pump from operating under unreasonable conditions, protecting the equipment and ensuring effective cooling output. Simultaneously, the introduction of pressure monitoring and algorithmic anti-jitter processing enables the system to take timely measures when faced with abnormal fluctuations in the internal medium, preventing oscillations or instability in the control system. This significantly improves the robustness, reliability, and adjustment accuracy of the entire heat dissipation control method, ensuring that the radiator can operate stably and efficiently under various complex conditions, maintaining the condenser temperature within the ideal range.

[0044] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional heat sink based on dual heat dissipation media. The three-dimensional heat sink is used to execute the heat dissipation control method. The three-dimensional heat sink includes a base 1 and a double-layer heat dissipation pipe 2 disposed on the base 1. The double-layer heat dissipation pipe 2 is composed of an inner pipe 22 and an outer pipe 21 nested together. The double-layer heat dissipation pipe 2 forms a three-dimensional heat dissipation structure based on folding. The inner tube 22 is filled with acetone heat dissipation medium 3, the outer tube 21 is filled with cooling water, and the base 1 is in contact with the heat source of the equipment.

[0045] This radiator combines a double-layer heat dissipation pipe structure 2 with acetone heat dissipation medium 3 and cooling water flow in a nested manner, forming a three-dimensional heat dissipation architecture based on folding, achieving efficient heat transfer and stable heat dissipation from the heat source. Specifically, the base 1 directly contacts the heat source of the electronic device to conduct the heat generated by the heat source; the inner pipe 22, as a sealed structure, is filled with acetone heat dissipation medium 3. When heat from the heat source is transferred to the evaporation end at the bottom of the inner pipe 22, the acetone absorbs heat and boils and vaporizes, and the vapor rises to the condensation end to release latent heat; the outer pipe 21 surrounds the inner pipe 22 and is filled with cooling water flow, which continuously removes heat from the condensation end through circulation. Because acetone has a low boiling point and a high latent heat of vaporization, its phase change process can efficiently absorb a large amount of heat without relying on increasing the cooling water flow rate, thus avoiding the problem of reduced heat exchange effect when the circulation flow rate is increased for a single heat dissipation medium in the prior art. The three-dimensional heat dissipation architecture forms a three-dimensional structure through folding technology, significantly increasing the heat dissipation area and optimizing the heat transfer path.

[0046] Furthermore, in actual use, the three-dimensional heat sink and the cooling fan work together to form a highly efficient heat dissipation system. By setting the cooling fan outside the heat sink, the heat sink is placed in the air outlet area of ​​the cooling fan. The three-dimensional heat dissipation structure of the heat sink is in the air outlet area of ​​the cooling fan, which can improve the heat exchange between the cooling water flow of the outer tube 21 and the external environment. This allows the cooling water flow of the outer tube 21 to maintain a lower water temperature at the condensation end position corresponding to the inner tube 22, thereby meeting the heat exchange requirements of the acetone heat dissipation medium 3 and realizing the conversion of the acetone heat dissipation medium 3 from gaseous to liquid state.

[0047] Furthermore, by forming a three-dimensional heat dissipation structure and cooperating with the air-cooled auxiliary heat dissipation of the cooling fan, the acetone heat dissipation medium 3 in the inner tube 22 can dynamically switch between liquid and gaseous states between the evaporation end and the condensation end, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink on electronic devices and improving the air pressure stability inside the inner tube 22, ensuring the safety of the heat sink in use.

[0048] Under prolonged operating conditions, this structure ensures the continuous and stable operation of the heat dissipation system. For example, when the heat source temperature rises, acetone rapidly vaporizes in the inner tube 22 and transfers heat to the condenser end. The cooling water in the outer tube 21 circulates at a fixed flow rate, effectively dissipating heat without needing to blindly increase the flow rate, which would reduce heat exchange efficiency. Simultaneously, the three-dimensional structure enhances the overall rigidity and heat distribution uniformity of the radiator, making the acetone phase change process more stable. Through the synergistic effect of the two heat dissipation media, the acetone in the inner tube 22 is responsible for efficient heat absorption and phase change heat transfer, while the cooling water in the outer tube 21 is responsible for stable heat dissipation. This clear division of labor overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of poor heat dissipation under prolonged high-load conditions, significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency and system reliability.

[0049] Specifically, the sealed inner tube 22 is provided with a reserved process port, which is located at the top condensing end or the bottom evaporating end of the inner tube 22, for installing the pressure sensor 4. The connection between the process port and the sensor adopts a welded sealing structure.

[0050] A pre-designed process port refers to an opening pre-designed and fabricated on the wall of the sealed inner tube 22. This opening typically has standardized dimensions and shapes to facilitate the subsequent installation of other components or process operations. Its function is to provide a physical interface for the installation of the pressure sensor 4, allowing the sensor to directly or indirectly contact the acetone heat dissipation medium 3 inside the inner tube 22, thereby acquiring accurate internal pressure data. Besides pre-designed process ports, installation interfaces can also be formed by drilling and tapping directly into the wall of the inner tube 22, or by integrating the sensor mounting base during the manufacturing of the inner tube 22 using a one-piece molding method. The location of the process port is crucial for the accuracy of pressure measurement and the system response speed. The top condensation end of the inner tube 22 is the area where acetone vapor condenses, while the bottom evaporation end is the area where acetone liquid boils upon heating. Placing the process port at these locations allows for a more direct reflection of the pressure changes of acetone during boiling or condensation, thus enabling a more accurate determination of the phase transition state of acetone.

[0051] For example, at the evaporation end, the pressure rise caused by acetone boiling can be detected earlier; at the condensation end, the vapor pressure can be monitored. Pressure sensor 4 is a device that converts pressure signals into electrical signals. It is installed on the reserved process port to monitor the pressure changes of the acetone heat dissipation medium 3 inside the sealed inner tube 22 in real time. The collected pressure data can serve as a key basis for determining whether acetone has boiled and vaporized. Pressure sensor 4 can be of various types, such as piezoresistive, piezoelectric, or capacitive sensors, depending on the required accuracy, response speed, and operating environment. The welded sealing structure refers to the process port being firmly connected to pressure sensor 4 or its connectors through welding, forming a completely sealed unit. In a dual-heat dissipation medium radiator, the acetone inside the inner tube 22 experiences high temperature and high pressure during operation, thus requiring extremely high sealing performance. The welded seal provides extremely high sealing reliability and pressure resistance, effectively preventing leakage of the acetone heat dissipation medium 3 and ensuring long-term stable operation of the system. Besides welding seals, threaded connections with sealing gaskets or flange connections can also be used, but welding generally offers higher reliability under high temperature and pressure conditions. The sealed inner tube 22 can be made of pure copper or copper alloy, possessing excellent thermal conductivity to meet the heat exchange requirements between the acetone medium inside the inner tube 22 and the water flow in the outer tube. It also exhibits good corrosion resistance and high temperature and pressure resistance, meeting the pressure requirements generated when the acetone inside the inner tube 22 changes from a liquid to a gaseous state. The reserved process port can be formed during the manufacturing process of the inner tube 22 through stamping, drilling, or laser cutting, and undergoes precision machining to ensure dimensional accuracy and surface finish. For example, the process port can be an interface with standard threads or a flat flange face.

[0052] Furthermore, the content of acetone heat dissipation medium 3 inside the inner tube 22 accounts for 25% to 30% of the volume of the inner tube 22, so that the content of acetone heat dissipation medium 3 can meet the heat dissipation requirements of electronic devices. Moreover, when acetone heat dissipation medium 3 changes from liquid to gas, the pressure generated is within the pressure range that the inner tube 22 can withstand, avoiding the inner tube 22 from being deformed or broken under pressure, and ensuring the safety of the heat sink.

[0053] Specifically, the pressure sensor 4 can be a miniaturized MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) pressure sensor, which features small size, fast response, and high accuracy, and can be selected with an appropriate range according to the working pressure range of the inner tube 22. When the process port is located at the top condensing end of the inner tube 22, a T-connector can be used to install the pressure sensor 4 on the side wall or top of the condensing end. When the process port is located at the bottom evaporating end, the sensor can be installed at the bottom or side wall of the evaporating end. The welded sealing structure at the connection between the process port and the sensor can use precision welding techniques such as argon arc welding, laser welding, or resistance welding to ensure that the weld is dense and free of pores, and undergoes rigorous sealing tests, such as helium mass spectrometry leak detection, to verify its long-term reliability under high temperature and high pressure.

[0054] Specifically, the base 1 has a pre-embedded temperature sensor mounting slot inside, the temperature sensor is embedded in the slot and closely fits the base 1, and the sensor detection end is close to the heat source contact surface, which is used to accurately collect heat source temperature data and provide data support for the control algorithm; the outer wall of the condensing end of the inner tube 22 is provided with a sensor mounting plane, which is used to fix the condensing temperature sensor and ensure the accuracy of temperature acquisition.

[0055] Accurate temperature data acquisition is ensured. Specifically, a temperature sensor mounting slot is pre-embedded inside the base 1, and the temperature sensor is embedded in the slot and tightly fitted to the base 1, while the sensor's detection end is close to the heat source contact surface. This design allows the sensor to directly and efficiently sense temperature changes in the heat source, minimizing thermal resistance and time delay in the heat transfer path, thus providing the control algorithm with high-precision, high-real-time heat source temperature data. Furthermore, a sensor mounting plane is provided on the outer wall of the condenser end of the inner tube 22 for stable fixation of the condenser temperature sensor. This mounting plane ensures good thermal contact between the sensor and the outer wall of the condenser end, making the condenser end temperature data acquisition accurate and reliable. Through these structural optimizations, the entire heat dissipation control system can obtain more realistic and timely temperature feedback, enabling the system to determine whether acetone has boiled and vaporized based on more accurate heat source temperature data from the base 1 and internal pressure data from the inner tube 22, improving the accuracy of boiling and vaporization detection. Meanwhile, after the system switches to dynamic adjustment mode, the control algorithm can more accurately adjust the water pump flow rate by accurately collecting the temperature data of the outer wall of the condenser end, so that the temperature of the condenser end is stabilized within the preset range, thereby realizing refined and intelligent control of the heat dissipation process, significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency and system stability.

[0056] Specifically, the outer tube 21 has cooling medium inlet and outlet at both ends, which are connected to the water circulation pipeline and water pump. The inner wall of the outer tube 21 has a flow guiding structure, and the inner tube 22 is made of high temperature resistant sealing material.

[0057] Both ends of the outer tube 21 can be equipped with a G1 / 4 threaded interface as the inlet and outlet of the cooling medium. These interfaces are connected to an external water circulation pipeline via pressure-resistant hoses. A DC brushless water pump is connected in series in the water circulation pipeline, and the flow rate and head of the water pump can be selected according to the heat dissipation requirements. The flow guiding structure on the inner wall of the outer tube 21 can be a spiral fin formed by integral molding or welding. These fins extend along the axial direction of the outer tube 21 and spiral upward, so that the cooling water forms a vortex when flowing through the outer tube 21, enhancing the heat exchange effect. The end of the inner tube 22 is sealed using laser welding technology to ensure that the inner tube 22 can maintain good airtightness and prevent medium leakage when acetone boils and vaporizes to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam.

[0058] The double-layer heat dissipation pipe 2 is equipped with an inlet and an outlet. Cooling medium inlets and outlets are located at both ends of the outer pipe 21, connected to water circulation pipes and a water pump, ensuring a continuous supply and circulation of cooling water and providing stable cooling capacity for the heat dissipation system. The flow-guiding structure on the inner wall of the outer pipe 21 effectively optimizes the cooling water flow pattern, improving the heat exchange efficiency between the water flow and the inner pipe 22. This allows heat to be transferred more quickly and evenly from the inner pipe 22 to the cooling water, effectively controlling the temperature of the condenser end of the inner pipe 22. Simultaneously, the inner pipe 22 is made of high-temperature resistant sealing material, significantly enhancing its structural stability and sealing reliability under high-temperature and high-pressure operating environments, avoiding the risk of acetone heat dissipation medium 3 leakage, and ensuring the long-term safe operation of the heat dissipation system. These measures work together to enable the three-dimensional radiator to manage heat more efficiently and stably when implementing the heat dissipation control method, especially under the high heat flux density condition of acetone boiling and vaporization, effectively maintaining the stability of the condenser end temperature, thus ensuring the effective implementation of the entire heat dissipation control method and improving the overall performance and reliability of the radiator.

[0059] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which may include: read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk, etc.

[0060] Furthermore, the above description of the heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media and the three-dimensional heat sink provided in the embodiments of the present invention has been detailed. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media, characterized in that, The heat dissipation control method includes: Control the water pump to drive the water flow in the radiator's external pipe at a fixed flow rate, and start the pre-triggered cooling mode; Real-time acquisition of internal pressure and base heat source temperature data of the sealed inner tube, combined with the internal pressure and base heat source temperature data to detect whether the acetone in the inner tube has boiled and vaporized. Once it is determined that acetone has boiled and vaporized, the system switches to dynamic adjustment mode, collects the temperature data of the outer wall of the inner tube condenser end in real time, and adjusts the water pump flow rate through the control algorithm to stabilize the condenser end temperature within the preset range. The system monitors the internal pressure of the inner tube and the temperature of the base heat source in real time. When the preset exit conditions are met, the system switches back to the pre-triggered heat dissipation mode.

2. The heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time acquisition of internal pressure and base heat source temperature data of the sealed inner tube, and the detection of whether the acetone in the inner tube has boiled and vaporized by combining the internal pressure and base heat source temperature data, includes: The pressure sensor installed at the reserved process port in the sealed inner tube collects the internal pressure data of acetone in real time, and the sampling frequency is matched with the control cycle. The detection algorithm identifies the acetone in the inner tube by comparing real-time pressure data with a preset trigger pressure threshold and combining the duration of the real-time pressure data. If the real-time pressure data is greater than the preset trigger pressure threshold and the duration of the real-time pressure data is greater than the preset time threshold, it is determined that the acetone in the inner tube is in a boiling vaporization state. If the real-time pressure data is less than the preset trigger pressure threshold, it is determined that the acetone in the inner tube is in a normal liquid state.

3. The heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The detection algorithm identifies the acetone in the inner tube by comparing real-time pressure data with a preset trigger pressure threshold and considering the duration of the real-time pressure data. If the real-time pressure data is greater than the preset trigger pressure threshold and the duration of the real-time pressure data is greater than a preset time threshold, then the algorithm determines that the acetone in the inner tube is in a boiling vaporization state. The real-time temperature value of the heat source is obtained based on the temperature sensor on the base, and the rate of temperature change of the heat source on the base is calculated. When the real-time pressure data exceeds the preset trigger pressure threshold for 2 consecutive seconds, the evaluation is performed in conjunction with the temperature change rate of the base heat source per unit time. When the rate of temperature change exceeds 3°C / s and then tends to stabilize, the acetone treatment in the inner tube is determined to be in a boiling vaporization state.

4. The heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When it is determined that acetone has boiled and vaporized, the system switches to dynamic adjustment mode, collects the temperature data of the outer wall of the inner tube condenser end in real time, and adjusts the water pump flow rate through a control algorithm to stabilize the condenser end temperature within a preset range, including: A temperature sensor attached to the outer wall of the condenser end of the inner tube is used to collect the temperature data of the outer wall of the condenser end in real time, which serves as a feedback quantity for dynamic adjustment. The system employs a PID control algorithm, using the preset target temperature at the condenser end as a reference, to perform deviation calculation, proportional regulation, integral regulation, and derivative regulation on the real-time collected temperature data, and outputs a water pump flow rate control signal.

5. The heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The PID control algorithm, based on a preset target temperature at the condenser end, performs deviation calculations, proportional adjustments, integral adjustments, and derivative adjustments on the real-time collected temperature data, outputting a water pump flow rate control signal including: The deviation value of the real-time temperature data is calculated based on the target temperature. The proportional term output, integral term cumulative output and differential term output are calculated respectively using preset proportional coefficient, integral coefficient and differential coefficient. The water pump flow rate adjustment is obtained by combining the proportional term output, integral term cumulative output and differential term output.

6. The heat dissipation control method based on dual heat dissipation media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When it is determined that acetone has boiled and vaporized, the system switches to dynamic adjustment mode, collects the temperature data of the outer wall of the inner tube condenser end in real time, and adjusts the water pump flow rate through a control algorithm to stabilize the condenser end temperature within a preset range. This also includes: Real-time collection of water pump outlet flow data helps determine the water circulation status; The pump flow rate regulation output by the PID algorithm is limited to 40%~100% of the rated flow rate. Simultaneously, the pressure data of the inner tube is monitored in real time. When abnormal pressure fluctuations occur, the algorithm anti-shake processing is activated to maintain the stability of the regulation.

7. A three-dimensional heat sink based on dual heat dissipation media, characterized in that, The three-dimensional heat sink is used to perform the heat dissipation control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6. The three-dimensional heat sink includes a base and a double-layer heat dissipation pipe disposed on the base. The double-layer heat dissipation pipe is composed of an inner pipe and an outer pipe nested together. The double-layer heat dissipation pipe is based on a folding to form a three-dimensional heat dissipation structure. The inner tube is filled with acetone, the outer tube is filled with cooling water, and the base is in contact with the heat source of the equipment.

8. The three-dimensional heat sink as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The sealed inner tube is provided with a reserved process port, which is located at the top condensation end or the bottom evaporation end of the inner tube, for installing a pressure sensor. The connection between the process port and the sensor adopts a welded sealing structure.

9. The three-dimensional heat sink as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The base has a pre-embedded temperature sensor mounting slot. The temperature sensor is embedded in the slot and fits tightly against the base. The sensor's detection end is close to the heat source contact surface to accurately collect heat source temperature data and provide data support for the control algorithm. The outer wall of the inner tube's condensing end has a sensor mounting plane to fix the condensing temperature sensor and ensure the accuracy of temperature acquisition.

10. The radiator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer tube has cooling medium inlet and outlet at both ends, which are connected to water circulation pipeline and water pump. The inner wall of the outer tube has a flow guiding structure, and the inner tube is made of high temperature resistant sealing material.

Images