Liquid cooling system with temperature compensation and control method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of refrigeration systems, in particular to a liquid cooling system with temperature compensation and a control method thereof, which comprises a heat exchanger, a primary side pipeline, a liquid return pipe, a liquid outlet pipe and a cold storage tank; the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel; the primary side pipeline is provided with a primary side control valve; the second heat exchange channel is in communication with the liquid return pipe and the liquid outlet pipe respectively; the liquid outlet pipe is provided with a second cold storage control valve; the two ends of the cold storage tank are in communication with the second cold storage control valve respectively; a first cold storage control valve and a cold storage control element are arranged between the cold storage tank and the second cold storage control valve. According to the application, the cold storage tank is connected in parallel with the liquid outlet pipe on the secondary side, and the first cold storage control valve and the cold storage control element are matched, so that when the primary side cold source fails or the load on the secondary side suddenly increases, the pre-stored cold quantity in the cold storage tank can be quickly released to quickly fill the cold quantity gap of the liquid outlet pipe on the secondary side, the temperature of the liquid supplied to the secondary side is prevented from rapidly rising, and the operation safety of the cooled equipment is effectively ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of refrigeration system technology, and specifically to a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid technological development in fields such as data centers, energy storage power stations, high-power power electronic equipment, and new energy battery swapping equipment, the power density of core equipment continues to increase, and the demand for high heat flux density heat dissipation is becoming increasingly urgent. Traditional air-cooling solutions can no longer meet the high-density, high-precision heat dissipation requirements. Liquid cooling technology, with its core advantages such as high heat exchange efficiency, excellent temperature control accuracy, low operating noise, and significant energy-saving effect, has become the mainstream heat dissipation solution for high-power, high-heat flux density equipment.

[0003] As the core equipment of the liquid cooling heat dissipation system, the coolant distribution unit (CDU) is responsible for the functions of cooling distribution, supply temperature control, and system pressure and flow regulation. Currently, the conventional liquid cooling CDU temperature control scheme in the industry mainly involves setting up a regulating valve on the primary side pipeline of the heat exchanger. By adjusting the flow rate of the primary side cold source medium, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is changed, thereby achieving closed-loop control of the secondary side supply temperature.

[0004] However, when the primary cooling source equipment fails or the primary pipeline is interrupted, the primary control valve completely loses its temperature control and regulation capabilities and cannot continuously transfer cooling capacity to the secondary side. The secondary liquid supply temperature will rise rapidly in a short period of time, directly causing the high-power equipment being cooled to overheat and shut down.

[0005] In addition, when the load on the secondary side experiences sudden increases or decreases, the return liquid temperature on the secondary side will fluctuate dramatically in an instant. The primary side cooling capacity is transferred to the secondary side through the heat exchanger, which has a delayed characteristic and cannot suppress the instantaneous temperature fluctuations in time.

[0006] Furthermore, under extreme conditions of low ambient temperature and low load, even if the primary control valve is closed to its minimum opening, excessive cooling capacity will still be continuously input to the secondary side, causing the secondary side liquid supply temperature to drop continuously. Under extreme conditions of high ambient temperature and high load, even if the primary control valve is opened to its maximum opening, it cannot provide sufficient cooling capacity input and cannot prevent the secondary side liquid supply temperature from rising continuously. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings in the prior art by providing a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system and its control method.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system, comprising a heat exchanger, a primary side pipeline, a return pipe, an outlet pipe, and a cold storage tank; the heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel; the primary side pipeline is connected to the first heat exchange channel; the primary side pipeline is equipped with a primary side control valve; One end of the return pipe is connected to one end of the second heat exchange channel; the other end of the second heat exchange channel is connected to one end of the outlet pipe; the outlet pipe is equipped with a second cold storage control valve; both ends of the cold storage box are respectively connected to the second cold storage control valve; a first cold storage control valve is provided between one end of the cold storage box and one end of the second cold storage control valve; a cold storage control component is provided between the other end of the cold storage box and the other end of the second cold storage control valve.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the temperature-compensated liquid cooling system further includes a circulation pump located in the return pipe; one end of the circulation pump is connected to one end of the second heat exchange channel.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the temperature-compensated liquid cooling system further includes a pressure regulating bypass pipe disposed between the return pipe and the outlet pipe; the pressure regulating bypass pipe is provided with a pressure regulating control valve; one end of the pressure regulating bypass pipe is connected to the other end of the circulating pump; the other end of the pressure regulating bypass pipe is connected to the end of the cold storage control component away from the cold storage tank.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the temperature-compensated liquid cooling system further includes a temperature-regulating bypass pipe disposed between the return pipe and the outlet pipe; the temperature-regulating bypass pipe is provided with a temperature-regulating control valve; one end of the temperature-regulating bypass pipe is disposed between one end of the circulating pump and one end of the second heat exchange channel; the other end of the temperature-regulating bypass pipe is disposed between the end of the cold storage control component away from the cold storage tank and the other end of the pressure-regulating bypass pipe.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that: the other end of the return pipe is provided with a return liquid temperature sensor for detecting the return liquid temperature; the other end of the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet liquid temperature sensor for detecting the outlet liquid temperature; the other end of the second heat exchange channel is provided with a heat exchange temperature sensor for detecting the heat exchange temperature; the cold storage box is provided with a cold storage temperature sensor for detecting the water tank temperature; and the cold storage box is provided with a liquid level sensor for detecting the liquid level.

[0013] A control method for a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system includes the following steps: S1. Detect the outlet liquid temperature, water tank temperature, return liquid temperature, and heat exchange temperature; calculate the real-time value of heat exchange using the outlet liquid temperature and return liquid temperature; S2. If the outlet temperature is detected to be higher than the preset value of the replenishment cooling start temperature for the first consecutive time period, the high-temperature replenishment cooling mode will be entered; if the water tank temperature is detected to be higher than the preset value of the storage cooling temperature and the real-time value of the heat exchange is lower than the preset value of the heat exchange, the low-temperature storage cooling mode will be entered; if the outlet temperature is detected to be lower than the preset value of the mixing temperature for the third consecutive time period, the low-temperature mixing mode will be entered; otherwise, the steady-state temperature control mode will be entered. The preset value for the supplemental cooling start-up temperature is greater than the preset value for the mixing temperature; the preset value for the mixing temperature is greater than the preset value for the cold storage temperature.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the steady-state temperature control mode includes the following steps: A1. The first cold storage control valve, the cold storage control component, and the temperature control valve are closed; the pressure control valve is adjusted according to the preset pressure or flow rate at the other end of the liquid outlet pipe. A2. If the outlet temperature is less than the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone, the primary side control valve is closed slightly; if the outlet temperature is greater than the sum of the target temperature preset value and the second dead zone, the primary side control valve is opened wider; if the outlet temperature is between the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone and the sum of the target temperature preset value and the second dead zone, the opening of the primary side control valve remains unchanged; the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone is greater than the mixed temperature preset value; the sum of the target temperature preset value and the second dead zone is less than the supplementary cooling start temperature preset value.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the low-temperature cold storage mode includes the following steps: B1. The primary-side control valve is adjusted according to a preset heat exchange value; the preset heat exchange value is less than the difference between the preset target temperature and the first dead zone. B2. If the temperature difference between the heat exchange temperature and the preset heat exchange value is less than the third dead zone, the opening of the primary side control valve remains unchanged. After a fourth period of time, the first cold storage control valve and the cold storage control component are opened, and the second cold storage control valve is closed. Adjust the temperature control valve so that the absolute value of the difference between the outlet temperature and the target temperature preset value is not greater than the fourth dead zone. B3. If the real-time heat exchange value is detected to be greater than the preset heat exchange value for the fifth consecutive time period, or if the liquid level in the cold storage tank is greater than the upper limit preset value and the detected temperature in the cold storage tank is less than the preset cold storage temperature value, then close the first cold storage control valve and the cold storage control component, and close the temperature control valve according to the first step.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that the high-temperature cooling mode includes the following steps: C1. The first cold storage control valve and the cold storage control component are opened, and then the second cold storage control valve is closed; C2. If the absolute value of the difference between the outlet temperature and the target temperature preset value is not greater than the fifth dead zone, the opening degree of the cold storage control component remains unchanged. C3. If the outlet temperature is detected to be less than the difference between the target temperature preset value and the fifth dead zone for six consecutive hours, the cold storage control component is adjusted to the minimum opening degree, and after seven hours, the second cold storage control valve is opened, and then the first cold storage control valve and the cold storage control component are closed. C4. If the liquid level in the cold storage tank is detected to be lower than the preset lower limit value for the eighth consecutive time, the cold storage control component and the first cold storage control valve shall be closed.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that the low-temperature mixing mode includes the following steps: D1. After the primary control valve has been at its minimum opening for nine hours, the temperature control valve opens. D2. If the absolute value of the difference between the outlet temperature and the preset target temperature is not greater than the sixth dead zone, the opening of the temperature control valve remains unchanged. D3. If the outlet temperature is detected to be greater than the sum of the target temperature preset value and the sixth dead zone for ten consecutive hours, the temperature control valve is adjusted to the minimum opening, and after eleven hours, the temperature control valve is closed.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By connecting a cold storage tank in parallel with the liquid outlet pipe on the secondary side, and cooperating with the first cold storage control valve and cold storage control components, when the cold source on the primary side fails or the load on the secondary side suddenly increases, the cold energy stored in the cold storage tank can be quickly released to fill the cold energy gap in the liquid outlet pipe on the secondary side, thereby avoiding a surge in the liquid supply temperature on the secondary side and effectively ensuring the safe operation of the cooled equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without any creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram of the temperature-compensated liquid cooling system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the control method for the temperature-compensated liquid cooling system of the present invention; The components include: 1. Heat exchanger; 11. First heat exchange channel; 12. Second heat exchange channel; 13. Heat exchange temperature sensor; 2. Primary side pipeline; 21. Primary side control valve; 3. Return liquid pipe; 31. Return liquid temperature sensor; 4. Outlet liquid pipe; 41. Outlet liquid temperature sensor; 5. Cold storage tank; 51. First cold storage control valve; 52. Cold storage control component; 53. Cold storage temperature sensor; 54. Second cold storage control valve; 6. Circulation pump; 71. Pressure regulating bypass pipe; 72. Pressure regulating control valve; 81. Temperature regulating bypass pipe; 82. Temperature regulating control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the following embodiments.

[0022] Depend on Figure 1 As can be seen, the temperature-compensated liquid cooling system described in this embodiment includes a heat exchanger 1, a primary side pipeline 2, a return pipeline 3, an outlet pipeline 4, and a cold storage tank 5; the heat exchanger 1 includes a first heat exchange channel 11 and a second heat exchange channel 12; the primary side pipeline 2 is connected to the first heat exchange channel 11; the primary side pipeline 2 is provided with a primary side control valve 21; wherein the heat exchanger 1 can be a plate heat exchanger; One end of the return pipe 3 is connected to one end of the second heat exchange channel 12; the other end of the second heat exchange channel 12 is connected to one end of the outlet pipe 4; the outlet pipe 4 is provided with a second cold storage control valve 54; both ends of the cold storage box 5 are respectively connected to the second cold storage control valve 54; a first cold storage control valve 51 is provided between one end of the cold storage box 5 and one end of the second cold storage control valve 54; a cold storage control component 52 is provided between the other end of the cold storage box 5 and the other end of the second cold storage control valve 54; wherein the cold storage control component 52 is an electric valve or a liquid pump.

[0023] Specifically, in this embodiment, heat exchange between the primary side cold source and the secondary side cooling medium is achieved through heat exchanger 1. The primary side control valve 21 can adjust the flow rate of the primary side cold source medium to achieve basic heat exchange regulation. In addition, by connecting the two ends of the cold storage tank 5 in parallel to the second cold storage control valve 54 on the secondary side liquid outlet pipe 4, the storage and release of cold energy can be achieved. The first cold storage control valve 51 and the cold storage control component 52 can control the on / off state and flow rate of the cold storage tank 5. When the primary side cold source fails or the secondary side experiences a sudden increase in load, the cold energy pre-stored in the cold storage tank 5 can be quickly released to quickly fill the cold energy gap in the secondary side liquid outlet pipe 4, avoiding a surge in the secondary side liquid supply temperature and effectively ensuring the operational safety of the cooled equipment.

[0024] The liquid cooling system with temperature compensation described in this embodiment further includes a circulation pump 6 located in the return pipe 3; one end of the circulation pump 6 is connected to one end of the second heat exchange channel 12.

[0025] In this embodiment, the circulating pump 6 is installed between the return pipe 3 and the second heat exchange channel 12 of the heat exchanger 1 to provide power for the circulation of the coolant on the secondary side. The high-temperature coolant returning from the secondary side enters the circulating pump 6 through the return pipe 3, and after being pressurized, it is stably sent into the second heat exchange channel 12 of the heat exchanger 1. After completing the heat exchange with the primary side cold source, it is sent into the outlet pipe 4. This installation method can ensure that the second heat exchange channel 12 of the heat exchanger 1 is always kept in a positive pressure state, effectively avoiding the problem of negative pressure cavitation in the heat exchanger 1 and ensuring stable heat exchange efficiency.

[0026] The temperature-compensated liquid cooling system described in this embodiment further includes a pressure-regulating bypass pipe 71 located between the return pipe 3 and the outlet pipe 4; the pressure-regulating bypass pipe 71 is equipped with a pressure-regulating control valve 72; one end of the pressure-regulating bypass pipe 71 is connected to the other end of the circulating pump 6; the other end of the pressure-regulating bypass pipe 71 is connected to the end of the cold storage control component 52 away from the cold storage tank 5.

[0027] Specifically, this embodiment establishes a pressure differential regulation loop between the outlet of the circulating pump 6 and the secondary side outlet pipe 4 by setting a pressure regulating bypass pipe 71. The pressure regulating control valve 72 can adjust its opening through a PI closed loop according to the real-time pressure or flow rate of the outlet pipe 4, directly bypassing a portion of the high-pressure coolant after passing through the second heat exchange channel 12 back to the inlet of the circulating pump 6, thereby achieving real-time dynamic adjustment of the secondary side system pressure and flow rate. This embodiment can effectively solve the problems of sudden changes in the secondary side end load flow rate and system pressure fluctuations caused by valve opening and closing, ensuring that the pressure and flow rate of the outlet pipe 4 remain stable within a preset range without frequent adjustment of the operating frequency of the circulating pump 6.

[0028] The temperature-compensated liquid cooling system described in this embodiment further includes a temperature-adjusting bypass pipe 81 located between the return pipe 3 and the outlet pipe 4; the temperature-adjusting bypass pipe 81 is equipped with a temperature-adjusting control valve 82; one end of the temperature-adjusting bypass pipe 81 is located between one end of the circulating pump 6 and one end of the second heat exchange channel 12; the other end of the temperature-adjusting bypass pipe 81 is located between the end of the cold storage control component 52 away from the cold storage tank 5 and the other end of the pressure regulating bypass pipe 71.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment, a temperature regulation loop is established between the high-temperature return liquid before the second heat exchange channel 12 of the heat exchanger 1 and the outlet pipe 4 on the secondary side by setting a temperature-regulating bypass pipe 81. The inlet of the temperature-regulating bypass pipe 81 is taken from the outlet of the circulating pump 6, and the outlet of the temperature-regulating bypass pipe 81 is connected to the outlet pipe 4 on the secondary side. By adjusting the opening of the temperature-regulating control valve 82, the high-temperature return liquid that has not been cooled by the heat exchanger 1 can be directly bypassed to the outlet pipe 4 and mixed evenly with the low-temperature coolant cooled by the heat exchanger 1, thereby achieving a rapid increase in the outlet temperature on the secondary side. In this embodiment, the temperature control response speed is faster than the heat exchange regulation of the primary side control valve 21. This solves the problem that even when the primary side control valve 21 is closed to its minimum opening, it cannot prevent the outlet temperature from continuously decreasing under low ambient temperature and low load conditions. At the same time, the outlet temperature can be adjusted synchronously during the cold storage process to achieve anti-interference cold storage, effectively improving the temperature control response speed and adaptability to extreme conditions of the system.

[0030] In this embodiment, a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system is provided. The other end of the return pipe 3 is equipped with a return liquid temperature sensor 31 for detecting the return liquid temperature; the other end of the outlet pipe 4 is equipped with an outlet liquid temperature sensor 41 for detecting the outlet liquid temperature; the other end of the second heat exchange channel 12 is equipped with a heat exchange temperature sensor 13 for detecting the heat exchange temperature; the cold storage tank 5 is equipped with a cold storage temperature sensor 53 for detecting the water tank temperature; and the cold storage tank 5 is equipped with a liquid level sensor for detecting the liquid level. This configuration facilitates the detection of the return liquid temperature, outlet liquid temperature, heat exchange temperature, water tank temperature, and liquid level in the cold storage tank 5.

[0031] Depend on Figure 2 As can be seen, the control method for a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system described in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1. Detect the outlet temperature, water tank temperature, return temperature, and heat exchange temperature; calculate the real-time value of heat exchange using the outlet temperature and return temperature; the real-time value of heat exchange is calculated using the formula: Q=cmΔT, where c is the specific heat capacity of the secondary coolant, m is the real-time flow rate of the secondary coolant, and ΔT is the difference between the return temperature and the outlet temperature. S2. If the outlet liquid temperature is detected to be higher than the preset value of the replenishment cooling start temperature for the first consecutive duration, the system enters the high-temperature replenishment cooling mode; if the water tank temperature is detected to be higher than the preset value of the storage cooling temperature and the real-time heat exchange value is lower than the preset value of the heat exchange value for the second consecutive duration, the system enters the low-temperature storage cooling mode; if the outlet liquid temperature is detected to be lower than the preset value of the mixing temperature for the third consecutive duration, the system enters the low-temperature mixing mode; otherwise, the system enters the steady-state temperature control mode; the first, second, and third durations are all set to 30 seconds for example, which can effectively avoid false triggering of modes caused by instantaneous fluctuations in operating conditions; the preset value of the heat exchange value is set to 50% of the rated heat exchange capacity of the system for example. The preset value for the supplemental cooling start-up temperature is greater than the preset value for the mixing temperature; the preset value for the mixing temperature is greater than the preset value for the cold storage temperature; the preset value for the supplemental cooling start-up temperature is exemplarily set to 43℃, the preset value for the mixing temperature is exemplarily set to 38℃, and the preset value for the cold storage temperature is exemplarily set to 35℃, satisfying the numerical relationship that the preset value for the supplemental cooling start-up temperature is greater than the preset value for the mixing temperature, and the preset value for the mixing temperature is greater than the preset value for the cold storage temperature.

[0032] Specifically, this embodiment is based on three judgment indicators: liquid outlet temperature, cold storage box 5 temperature, and real-time heat exchange. It can realize automatic switching of four modes: steady-state temperature control, high-temperature cooling supplementation, low-temperature cold storage, and low-temperature mixed temperature, without manual intervention. It covers all scenarios such as normal system operation, sudden load changes, extreme high and low temperatures, and cold source failure, ensuring stable and reliable operation of the system at all times and under all operating conditions.

[0033] The control method for a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system described in this embodiment includes the following steps in the steady-state temperature control mode: A1. The first cold storage control valve 51, the cold storage control component 52, and the temperature control valve 82 are closed; when the circulating pump 6 is at its minimum frequency, the pressure regulating control valve 72 adjusts according to the preset pressure or flow rate value at the other end of the outlet pipe 4; the preset pressure value is exemplarily set to 1 bar, and the preset flow rate value is exemplarily set to 50 m³ / s. 3 / h, the pressure regulating control valve 72 adopts PI closed-loop regulation to ensure stable pressure and flow in the secondary system without fluctuations; A2. If the outlet temperature is less than the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone, the primary side control valve 21 is partially closed; if the outlet temperature is greater than the sum of the target temperature preset value and the second dead zone, the primary side control valve 21 is fully opened; if the outlet temperature is between the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone and the sum of the target temperature preset value and the second dead zone, the opening of the primary side control valve 21 remains unchanged; the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone is greater than the mixed temperature preset value; the sum of the target temperature preset value and the second dead zone is less than the supplementary cooling start temperature preset value; the target temperature preset value is exemplarily set to 40℃, and both the first dead zone and the second dead zone are exemplarily set to 0.5℃, then the lower limit of the target temperature is 39.5℃, and the upper limit of the target temperature is 40.5℃, satisfying the numerical relationship that 39.5℃ is greater than 38℃ and 40.5℃ is less than 43℃.

[0034] Specifically, this embodiment represents the basic mode for normal system operation. When the outlet liquid temperature on the secondary side is within the normal range, the first cold storage control valve 51, the cold storage control component 52, and the temperature control valve 82 are closed to avoid additional pipeline resistance and energy consumption. Only the PI closed-loop regulation of the pressure regulating control valve 72 ensures that the pressure and flow rate of the secondary side outlet pipe 4 remain stable at preset values, providing stable liquid supply conditions for the terminal load. Simultaneously, the dead-zone PI regulation of the primary side control valve 21 achieves precise closed-loop control of the secondary side outlet liquid temperature. In this mode, the system operates with the lowest energy consumption and the simplest control logic, ensuring stable and efficient operation under normal conditions. Furthermore, the set temperature boundaries do not overlap with other modes, enabling smooth mode switching.

[0035] The control method for a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system described in this embodiment includes the following steps in the low-temperature cold storage mode: B1. The primary side control valve 21 is adjusted according to the heat exchange preset value; the heat exchange preset value is less than the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone; the heat exchange preset value is exemplarily set to 34℃, which is lower than the target temperature lower limit of 39.5℃, thus meeting the deep cold storage requirements; the adjustment target lower limit of the primary side control valve 21 is set to the anti-condensation protection temperature (dew point temperature + 3℃) to avoid condensation in the pipeline.

[0036] B2. If the temperature difference between the heat exchange temperature and the preset heat exchange value is less than the third dead zone, the opening of the primary side control valve 21 remains unchanged. After a fourth period of time, the first cold storage control valve 51 and the cold storage control component 52 are opened, and the second cold storage control valve 54 is closed. Adjust the temperature control valve 82 so that the absolute value of the difference between the outlet temperature and the target temperature preset value is not greater than the fourth dead zone; the third dead zone is exemplarily set to 0.5℃ to determine that the heat exchange temperature has stabilized and reached the target; the fourth duration is exemplarily set to 10S to avoid malfunctions caused by instantaneous stabilization; the fourth dead zone is exemplarily set to 0.5℃ to ensure that the outlet temperature is undisturbed and stable during the cold storage process.

[0037] B3. If the real-time heat exchange value is detected to be greater than the preset heat exchange value for the fifth consecutive time period, or if the liquid level in the cold storage tank 5 is greater than the preset upper limit liquid level value and the temperature of the cold storage tank 5 detected by the cold storage temperature sensor 53 is less than the preset cold storage temperature value, then the first cold storage control valve 51 and the cold storage control component 52 are closed, and the temperature control valve 82 is closed according to the first step duration; the fifth time period is exemplarily set to 30 seconds; the preset upper limit liquid level value is exemplarily set to 80% of the highest liquid level in the cold storage tank 5 to prevent overflow; the first step duration is exemplarily set to 1% / s; if any condition is met, the cold storage is terminated to ensure the safety and stability of the system.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the secondary system is under low load, the heat exchange temperature at the outlet of the second heat exchange channel 12 of the heat exchanger 1 is reduced to a lower preset value through the primary side control valve 21 to achieve deep cooling of the coolant. At the same time, the anti-condensation protection temperature is set as the lower limit of the adjustment target to avoid condensation and corrosion on the pipe and equipment surface due to excessively low heat exchange temperature. After the heat exchange temperature stabilizes and reaches the target, the first cold storage control valve 51 and the cold storage control component 52 are opened after a delay, and the second cold storage control valve 54 is closed to fill the cold storage tank 5 with low-temperature coolant to complete the cold storage. At the same time, the opening of the temperature control valve 82 is adjusted synchronously to bypass the high-temperature return liquid to the outlet pipe 4, ensuring that the secondary side outlet liquid temperature remains stable within the target temperature preset value ±0.5℃ throughout the cold storage process, achieving completely undisturbed cold storage and preventing temperature shocks to the normal operation of the terminal load. When the system load increases, or the liquid level in the cold storage tank 5 reaches the upper limit and the liquid temperature is lower than the cold storage temperature preset value, the cold storage mode is automatically exited to prevent the cold storage tank 5 from overflowing. This mode can utilize the off-peak hours of the power grid at night and the low load and low energy consumption period to complete the storage of cooling capacity, and release the cooling capacity during the peak electricity consumption and high load period to achieve peak shaving and valley filling of electricity consumption, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of system operation. At the same time, it reserves redundant cooling capacity for primary side cold source failure and load surge scenarios, which greatly improves the cooling reliability of the system.

[0039] The control method for a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system described in this embodiment includes the following steps in the high-temperature cooling compensation mode: C1. The first cold storage control valve 51 and the cold storage control component 52 are opened, and then the second cold storage control valve 54 is closed. C2. If the absolute value of the difference between the outlet temperature and the target temperature preset value is not greater than the fifth dead zone, the opening degree of the cold storage control component 52 remains unchanged; the fifth dead zone is set to 0.5℃ for example to ensure that the outlet temperature is accurately and stably near the target value during the replenishment cooling process. C3. If the outlet temperature is detected to be less than the difference between the target temperature preset value and the fifth dead zone for a continuous sixth time period, the cold storage control component 52 is adjusted to the minimum opening degree, and after a seventh time period, the second cold storage control valve 54 is opened, and then the first cold storage control valve 51 and the cold storage control component 52 are closed; the sixth time period is exemplarily set to 30 seconds; the minimum opening degree of the cold storage control component 52 is exemplarily set to 15%, and the seventh time period is exemplarily set to 5 seconds, so as to achieve smooth shutdown and no temperature shock.

[0040] C4. If the liquid level of the cold storage tank 5 is detected to be lower than the preset lower limit value for the eighth consecutive time period, the cold storage control component 52 and the first cold storage control valve 51 are closed; the eighth time period is exemplarily set to 30 seconds; the preset lower limit value is exemplarily set to 10% of the highest liquid level of the cold storage tank 5, triggering low liquid level protection to prevent the cold storage control component 52 from being damaged by idling.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the secondary side outlet temperature continuously exceeds the cooling start threshold of 43°C, the first cold storage control valve 51 and the cold storage control component 52 are opened simultaneously. The pre-stored low-temperature coolant in the cold storage tank 5 is quickly transported to the secondary side outlet pipe 4, instantly filling the system's cooling capacity gap and rapidly suppressing the surge in outlet temperature. Its temperature control response speed is faster than the heat exchange regulation of the primary side heat exchanger 1, which can effectively solve the problem of insufficient cooling capacity caused by primary side cold source failure and sudden load increase. In addition, through the PI closed-loop regulation of the cold storage control component 52, the outlet temperature can be stably controlled within the target temperature preset value ±0.5°C, ensuring temperature control accuracy. When the outlet temperature drops back to a safe range, the cold storage control component 52 is first closed to the minimum opening, and then completely closed after a delay, achieving a smooth exit from the mode and avoiding temperature shock. When the cooling capacity in the cold storage tank 5 is exhausted, the low liquid level protection is triggered, and the relevant valves are automatically closed to prevent equipment damage caused by the idling of the cold storage control component 52. This mode solves the problem of continuous temperature surge in the liquid supply when the primary side is interrupted or the secondary side load suddenly increases in the existing technology. It can ensure that the core equipment at the secondary side terminal will not crash due to overheating, and achieves almost uninterrupted continuous cooling, which greatly improves the continuous operation reliability and business continuity of the liquid cooling system.

[0042] The control method for a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system described in this embodiment includes the following steps in the low-temperature mixing mode: D1. After the primary side control valve 21 is at its minimum opening for nine hours, the temperature control valve 82 opens; the ninth time is set to 15 seconds for example to ensure that the primary side cooling output is stable at the minimum value. D2. If the absolute value of the difference between the outlet temperature and the target temperature preset value is not greater than the sixth dead zone, the opening of the temperature control valve 82 remains unchanged; the sixth dead zone is set to 0.5℃ for example to ensure that the temperature control accuracy of the mixing process meets the heat dissipation requirements of the equipment. D3. If the outlet temperature is detected to be greater than the sum of the target temperature preset value and the sixth dead zone for ten consecutive hours, the temperature control valve 82 is adjusted to the minimum opening, and after an eleventh hour, the temperature control valve 82 is closed; the tenth hour is exemplarily set to 30 seconds; the minimum opening of the temperature control valve 82 is exemplarily set to 15%, and the eleventh hour is exemplarily set to 5 seconds, so as to smoothly exit the mixing mode without temperature fluctuation.

[0043] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the primary side cooling output is stable at its minimum value and the secondary side outlet liquid temperature remains below the mixing start threshold of 38°C, the temperature control valve 82 is opened to directly bypass the high-temperature return liquid that has not been cooled by the heat exchanger 1 to the secondary side outlet pipe 4, where it mixes with the low-temperature coolant and quickly raises the outlet liquid temperature. This solves the industry pain point that even when the primary side control valve 21 is closed to its minimum opening under low ambient temperature and low load conditions, it is still unable to prevent the outlet liquid temperature from continuously decreasing. Through the PI closed-loop regulation of the temperature control valve 82, the outlet liquid temperature can be stably controlled within the target temperature preset value ±0.5°C, ensuring that the temperature control accuracy meets the heat dissipation requirements of the terminal equipment. When the outlet liquid temperature rises back to a safe range, the temperature control valve 82 is first closed to its minimum opening, and then completely closed after a delay, achieving a smooth exit from the mode and avoiding the impact of temperature fluctuations on the terminal equipment. This mode has a fast temperature control response, which can effectively avoid abnormal operation of terminal equipment caused by excessively low liquid supply temperature. At the same time, it can prevent condensation and corrosion on the surface of pipelines and equipment, and greatly improve the adaptability and operational safety of the system under extreme low temperature conditions.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid cooling system with temperature compensation, characterized in that: It includes a heat exchanger (1), a primary side pipeline (2), a return pipe (3), an outlet pipe (4), and a cold storage tank (5); the heat exchanger (1) includes a first heat exchange channel (11) and a second heat exchange channel (12); the primary side pipeline (2) is connected to the first heat exchange channel (11); the primary side pipeline (2) is equipped with a primary side control valve (21); One end of the return pipe (3) is connected to one end of the second heat exchange channel (12); the other end of the second heat exchange channel (12) is connected to one end of the outlet pipe (4); the outlet pipe (4) is provided with a second cold storage control valve (54); both ends of the cold storage box (5) are respectively connected to the second cold storage control valve (54); a first cold storage control valve (51) is provided between one end of the cold storage box (5) and one end of the second cold storage control valve (54); a cold storage control component (52) is provided between the other end of the cold storage box (5) and the other end of the second cold storage control valve (54).

2. The liquid cooling system with temperature compensation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-compensated liquid cooling system also includes a circulation pump (6) located in the return pipe (3); one end of the circulation pump (6) is connected to one end of the second heat exchange channel (12).

3. The liquid cooling system with temperature compensation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature-compensated liquid cooling system also includes a pressure regulating bypass pipe (71) located between the return pipe (3) and the outlet pipe (4); the pressure regulating bypass pipe (71) is equipped with a pressure regulating control valve (72); one end of the pressure regulating bypass pipe (71) is connected to the other end of the circulating pump (6); the other end of the pressure regulating bypass pipe (71) is connected to the end of the cold storage control component (52) away from the cold storage box (5).

4. A temperature-compensated liquid cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature-compensated liquid cooling system also includes a temperature-adjusting bypass pipe (81) located between the return pipe (3) and the outlet pipe (4); the temperature-adjusting bypass pipe (81) is equipped with a temperature-adjusting control valve (82); one end of the temperature-adjusting bypass pipe (81) is located between one end of the circulating pump (6) and one end of the second heat exchange channel (12); the other end of the temperature-adjusting bypass pipe (81) is located between the end of the cold storage control component (52) away from the cold storage box (5) and the other end of the pressure regulating bypass pipe (71).

5. A temperature-compensated liquid cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the return pipe (3) is provided with a return liquid temperature sensor (31) for detecting the return liquid temperature; the other end of the outlet pipe (4) is provided with an outlet liquid temperature sensor (41) for detecting the outlet liquid temperature; the other end of the second heat exchange channel (12) is provided with a heat exchange temperature sensor (13) for detecting the heat exchange temperature; the cold storage box (5) is provided with a cold storage temperature sensor (53) for detecting the water tank temperature; the cold storage box (5) is provided with a liquid level sensor for detecting the liquid level.

6. A control method for a temperature-compensated liquid cooling system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Detect the outlet liquid temperature, water tank temperature, return liquid temperature, and heat exchange temperature; calculate the real-time value of heat exchange using the outlet liquid temperature and return liquid temperature; S2. If the outlet temperature is detected to be higher than the preset value of the replenishment cooling start temperature for the first consecutive time period, the high-temperature replenishment cooling mode will be entered; if the water tank temperature is detected to be higher than the preset value of the storage cooling temperature and the real-time value of the heat exchange is lower than the preset value of the heat exchange, the low-temperature storage cooling mode will be entered; if the outlet temperature is detected to be lower than the preset value of the mixing temperature for the third consecutive time period, the low-temperature mixing mode will be entered; otherwise, the steady-state temperature control mode will be entered. The preset value for the supplemental cooling start-up temperature is greater than the preset value for the mixing temperature; the preset value for the mixing temperature is greater than the preset value for the cold storage temperature.

7. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steady-state temperature control mode includes the following steps: A1. The first cold storage control valve (51), the cold storage control component (52), and the temperature control valve (82) are closed; the pressure control valve (72) is adjusted according to the preset pressure or flow rate at the other end of the liquid outlet pipe (4); A2. If the outlet temperature is less than the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone, the primary side control valve (21) is closed slightly; if the outlet temperature is greater than the sum of the target temperature preset value and the second dead zone, the primary side control valve (21) is opened wide; if the outlet temperature is between the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone and the sum of the target temperature preset value and the second dead zone, the opening degree of the primary side control valve (21) remains unchanged; the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone is greater than the mixed temperature preset value; the sum of the target temperature preset value and the second dead zone is less than the supplementary cooling start temperature preset value.

8. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The low-temperature cold storage mode includes the following steps: B1. The primary side control valve (21) is adjusted according to the heat exchange preset value; the heat exchange preset value is less than the difference between the target temperature preset value and the first dead zone; B2. If the temperature difference between the heat exchange temperature and the heat exchange preset value is less than the third dead zone, the opening of the primary side control valve (21) remains unchanged. After a fourth period of time, the first cold storage control valve (51) and the cold storage control component (52) are opened, and the second cold storage control valve (54) is closed. Adjust the temperature control valve (82) so that the absolute value of the difference between the outlet temperature and the target temperature preset value is not greater than the fourth dead zone; B3. If the real-time value of heat exchange is detected to be greater than the preset value of heat exchange for the fifth consecutive time, or the liquid level of the cold storage box (5) is greater than the upper limit preset value of the liquid level and the detected temperature of the cold storage box (5) is less than the preset value of the cold storage temperature, then the first cold storage control valve (51) and the cold storage control component (52) are closed, and the temperature control valve (82) is closed according to the first step.

9. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high-temperature cooling mode includes the following steps: C1. The first cold storage control valve (51) and the cold storage control component (52) are opened, and then the second cold storage control valve (54) is closed. C2. If the absolute value of the difference between the outlet temperature and the target temperature preset value is not greater than the fifth dead zone, the opening degree of the cold storage control component (52) remains unchanged. C3. If the liquid outlet temperature is detected to be less than the difference between the target temperature preset value and the fifth dead zone for the sixth consecutive time, the cold storage control component (52) is adjusted to the minimum opening degree, and after the seventh time, the second cold storage control valve (54) is opened, and then the first cold storage control valve (51) and the cold storage control component (52) are closed. C4. If the liquid level in the cold storage tank (5) is detected to be lower than the preset lower limit value for eight consecutive hours, the cold storage control component (52) and the first cold storage control valve (51) shall be closed.

10. The control method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The low-temperature mixing mode includes the following steps: D1. When the primary control valve (21) is at its minimum opening for nine hours, the temperature control valve (82) opens. D2. If the absolute value of the difference between the outlet temperature and the target temperature preset value is not greater than the sixth dead zone, the opening of the temperature control valve (82) remains unchanged. D3. If the outlet temperature is detected to be greater than the sum of the target temperature preset value and the sixth dead zone for ten consecutive hours, the temperature control valve (82) is adjusted to the minimum opening, and after eleven hours, the temperature control valve (82) is closed.

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