Heat dissipation method, control device, energy storage system and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a heat dissipation method, a control device, an energy storage system and a storage medium. The heat dissipation method comprises the following steps: obtaining a target temperature and an initial control parameter, wherein the initial control parameter comprises one of an electrical parameter of the energy storage system and an operating parameter of a heat dissipation device; entering an adjustment period, and in each adjustment period, performing a first adjustment step, the first adjustment step comprising obtaining a current temperature, a current temperature change parameter and a current control parameter, wherein in the first adjustment period, the current control parameter is the initial control parameter; determining a comparison result of the current control parameter and a target control parameter based on the current temperature, the target temperature and the current temperature change parameter; and adjusting the current control parameter based on the comparison result and a current step size. The heat dissipation method searches the target control parameter through adaptive iteration, so that the system temperature tends to be stable near the target temperature, and the heat dissipation effect and the low-noise operation requirement are considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage system technology, and in particular to a heat dissipation method, control device, energy storage system and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] During operation, energy storage systems continuously generate heat from core electronic components such as power devices. Improper heat dissipation management can lead to overheating and damage to these components, affecting system reliability and lifespan. Therefore, effective thermal management of energy storage systems is a crucial aspect of ensuring their safe and stable operation.

[0003] In existing technologies, a preset temperature-to-fan speed mapping table is typically used to control heat dissipation devices (such as cooling fans). The current temperature gradient range is mapped to a corresponding preset fan speed. Higher temperatures correspond to higher fan speeds, thus preventing overheating. For example, the fan speed is set to 30% above 35°C, 60% above 60°C, and 100% above 70°C. However, this method inevitably employs high-speed cooling under high-temperature conditions and cannot proactively reduce fan speed while maintaining temperature protection, thus sacrificing the energy-saving and quiet operation required for high-temperature, low-noise operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a heat dissipation method, control device, energy storage system, and storage medium. It can stabilize the system temperature near the target temperature by adaptively iteratively searching for target control parameters without calibrating the correspondence table between temperature and control parameters for each model. This helps to reduce fan speed fluctuations and operating noise while meeting temperature protection requirements, thus balancing heat dissipation and low-noise operation.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a heat dissipation method applied to an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes a heat dissipation device. The heat dissipation method includes: acquiring a target temperature and initial control parameters, wherein the initial control parameters include one of the electrical parameters of the energy storage system and the operating parameters of the heat dissipation device; entering an adjustment cycle, and in each adjustment cycle, executing a first adjustment step, the first adjustment step including: acquiring a current temperature, a current temperature change parameter, and a current control parameter, wherein in the first adjustment cycle, the current control parameter is the initial control parameter; if the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy a first preset temperature convergence condition, then determining a comparison result between the current control parameter and the target control parameter based on a first comparison rule; if the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter do not satisfy the first preset temperature convergence condition, then re-acquiring the current temperature and the current temperature change parameter until the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy a second preset temperature convergence condition, and determining a comparison result between the current control parameter and the target control parameter based on a second comparison rule; and adjusting the current control parameter based on the comparison result and the current step size.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first preset temperature convergence condition includes any one of the following conditions: Condition a1: the current temperature is greater than or equal to the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is greater than a preset temperature change threshold; Condition a2: the current temperature is less than or equal to the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is less than the preset temperature change threshold; the first comparison rule includes: if the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition a1, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter; ... If the electrical parameters of the energy system are such that, when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition a2, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter; if the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition a1, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter; if the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition a2, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter.

[0007] In some embodiments, the second preset temperature convergence condition includes any one of the following conditions: Condition b1: the current temperature is less than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is less than a preset temperature change threshold; Condition b2: the current temperature is greater than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is equal to the preset temperature change threshold; Condition b3: the current temperature is greater than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is greater than the preset temperature change threshold; Condition b4: the current temperature is less than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is equal to the preset temperature change threshold; the second comparison rule includes: if the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b2, or when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b3, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter; if the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b2, or when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b3, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter; if the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b2, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter; if the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then ... the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter. Regarding the electrical parameters of the energy storage system, if the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b1, or if the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b4, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter; if the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, if the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b2, or if the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b3, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter; if the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, if the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b1, or if the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b4, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter.

[0008] In some embodiments, the method for determining the current step size includes: in the first adjustment period, using a first preset step size as the current step size in the first adjustment period; in the i-th adjustment period, obtaining the current step size of the (i-1)-th adjustment period, where i is an integer greater than 1; and determining the current step size of the i-th adjustment period based on the current step size of the (i-1)-th adjustment period and the preset step size adjustment rule.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the preset step size adjustment rule, the current step size in the current adjustment period is smaller than the current step size in the previous adjustment period.

[0010] In some embodiments, the method for determining the current step size further includes: in response to the absolute value of the difference between the current temperature and the target temperature being greater than a preset temperature difference threshold, determining the current step size of the current adjustment cycle as a second preset step size.

[0011] In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide a control device, which includes: a processor and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; the memory stores computer program instructions executable by the processor, which, when executed by the processor, cause the control device to perform the method described in any of the first aspects.

[0012] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage system, which includes an energy storage device, a heat dissipation device, and a control device as described in the second aspect; the control device is electrically connected to the heat dissipation device and the energy storage device.

[0013] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer storage medium storing instructions or programs that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0014] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, the computer program product including a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program including program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect above.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application provides a heat dissipation method, control device, energy storage system, and storage medium. The heat dissipation method includes: acquiring a target temperature and initial control parameters, wherein the initial control parameters include one of the electrical parameters of the energy storage system and the operating parameters of the heat dissipation device; entering an adjustment cycle, and within each adjustment cycle, executing a first adjustment step, the first adjustment step including: acquiring the current temperature, current temperature change parameters, and current control parameters, wherein within the first adjustment cycle, the current control parameters are the initial control parameters; determining a comparison result between the current control parameters and the target control parameters based on the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameters; and adjusting the current control parameters based on the comparison result and the current step size. This heat dissipation method can, without requiring calibration of the temperature-control parameter correspondence table for each model, adaptively iteratively search for the target control parameters to stabilize the system temperature near the target temperature. This satisfies temperature protection requirements while helping to reduce fan speed fluctuations and operating noise, balancing heat dissipation performance with low-noise operation requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments, and elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are designated as similar elements.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a control device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a heat dissipation method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0020] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0021] Energy storage products widely employ a temperature threshold-based tiered fan control method for system temperature control. This method maps the current temperature gradient range to a corresponding preset fan speed; the higher the temperature, the higher the speed. In high-temperature conditions, increasing the speed ensures heat dissipation and prevents the system temperature from exceeding the over-temperature protection threshold. In low-temperature conditions, the speed is reduced to decrease fan noise. However, this method can only passively increase the fan speed to a high level under high-temperature conditions, resulting in a significant increase in noise. It cannot actively reduce the fan speed while meeting temperature protection requirements. In fact, under certain operating conditions, moderately reducing the fan speed can still keep the system temperature below the over-temperature protection threshold while effectively suppressing noise, representing a better balance between heat dissipation and quiet operation. For example, assuming the over-temperature protection point is 100℃, in a certain environment, the system temperature is 71℃ when the fan speed is 100%, while the temperature is 90℃ when the fan speed is reduced to 75%. The latter has a lower speed, less noise, and the temperature is still below the over-temperature protection point, representing a better heat dissipation state within the design's allowable range. However, due to a lack of awareness of the actual thermal balance margin of the system, the relevant technologies miss out on the energy-saving and quiet operation of "high temperature and low noise". When the temperature fluctuates near the threshold, the fan speed will jump drastically with the slight change in temperature, resulting in fluctuating noise, poor control smoothness, and poor user experience. Moreover, the heat dissipation characteristics, heat dissipation structures, and temperature sensing locations of different energy storage products vary. Engineers need to spend a lot of time repeatedly measuring and calibrating the relationship between temperature threshold and speed for each model, which results in high development costs.

[0022] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, a cooling fan speed regulation scheme based on a temperature prediction model has been proposed in related technologies. This scheme dynamically adjusts the fan speed by predicting the slope of temperature change, thereby improving control flexibility to some extent. However, when the system approaches steady-state temperature, the slope of temperature change becomes extremely small, leading to a significant decrease in control accuracy and making it difficult to achieve precise steady-state regulation. Furthermore, the mathematical model used in these technologies assumes a single object under convective cooling conditions, while in actual systems, other components in contact with the controlled object have different thermal conductivity at different temperature ranges. This results in significant deviations in the prediction results within complex thermal systems, leading to weak system adaptability.

[0023] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a heat dissipation method, a control device, an energy storage system, and a storage medium. This method abandons the approach of using a preset table of correspondence between temperature and control parameters. Instead, it adaptively and iteratively searches for control parameters that stabilize the system temperature near a target value by sensing the system's current thermal balance state in real time. This achieves precise and smooth thermal balance management without requiring calibration for each specific model. The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] To facilitate understanding of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application, the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application will first be described in detail.

[0025] This application provides an energy storage system, see the following embodiments. Figure 1 The energy storage system 100 includes an energy storage device 20, a heat dissipation device 30, and a control device 10. The control device 10 is electrically connected to the heat dissipation device 30 and the energy storage device 20.

[0026] Energy storage device 20 refers to a functional unit used to store and release electrical energy. During charging and discharging, its internal core electronic components, such as power devices, continuously generate heat, causing the system temperature to rise. In some embodiments, energy storage device 20 may include a battery pack, a power conversion circuit, and related power electronic devices.

[0027] The heat dissipation device 30 refers to a functional unit used to dissipate heat and cool the energy storage device 20. It dissipates the heat generated by the energy storage device 20 to the external environment through convection cooling to maintain the system temperature within a safe range. In some embodiments, the heat dissipation device 30 may include a cooling fan. The control device 10 controls the convection cooling amount by adjusting the speed of the cooling fan (i.e., operating parameters), thereby achieving active management of the system temperature. In other embodiments, the heat dissipation device 30 may also employ a water-cooled radiator. In this case, the control device 10 controls the circulation rate of the coolant by adjusting the pump flow rate (i.e., operating parameters) of the water-cooled radiator, thereby adjusting the convective heat transfer between the system and the coolant, achieving active management of the system temperature. Water cooling and air cooling both fall under the category of convection cooling, and the heat dissipation method provided in this application embodiment is applicable to both types of heat dissipation devices 30. In the following description, a cooling fan is used as an example of the heat dissipation device 30.

[0028] The control device 10 refers to the processing unit that performs unified scheduling and control of the overall operating logic of the energy storage system 100. In this embodiment, the control device 10 acquires the current temperature and current temperature change parameters in each adjustment cycle, and based on the relationship between the two and the target temperature, senses the current thermal balance state of the energy storage system 100 in real time, adaptively determines the direction of deviation of the current control parameters from the target control parameters, and then iteratively searches for control parameters (including the operating parameters of the heat dissipation device 30, such as fan speed, or the electrical parameters of the energy storage system 100, such as operating power) that can stabilize the system temperature near the target temperature. This scheme helps to achieve relatively accurate and smooth thermal balance management without calibrating the correspondence table between temperature and control parameters for each model, and to a certain extent alleviates the technical problems of high noise, speed jumps and high calibration costs for each model in traditional temperature threshold control schemes, while taking into account both heat dissipation effect and low noise operation requirements.

[0029] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The schematic diagram illustrates the structure of a control device provided in some embodiments of this application. In this application, the control device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a memory 12 connected in communication. Figure 2 Taking a bus system connection and a processor 11 as an example. Understandably, the various components in the control device 10 are coupled together through a bus system, which is used to achieve communication between the components. It is easy to understand that the bus system, in addition to the data bus, can also include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus, etc. However, for clarity and brevity, in... Figure 2 The general refers to all buses as bus systems. This is understandable. Figure 2 The structures shown in the embodiments are merely illustrative and do not limit the structure of the mobile terminal described above. For example, the mobile terminal may also include components that are more... Figure 2 The structure shown has more or fewer components, or has the same as Figure 2 The diagram shows different configurations of the structure.

[0030] Specifically, the processor 11 provides computational and control capabilities to support the control device 10 in executing corresponding business logic. For example, it supports the control device 10 in executing the methods provided in the embodiments of this application, or in executing the steps in any possible implementation of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the processor 11 can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0031] The memory 12, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer-executable programs, instructions, and modules, such as the programs, instructions, and modules corresponding to the methods in the embodiments of this application. In some embodiments, the memory 12 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, applications required for at least one function, and the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the processor 11. The processor 11 executes various functional applications and data processing of the control device 10 by running the non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 12 to implement the methods provided in the embodiments of this application, or to perform the steps in any possible implementation of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application. In some embodiments of this application, the memory 12 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory. For example, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 12 may also include memory remotely located relative to the processor 11, which may be connected to the processor 11 via a communication network. It is understood that examples of the above-mentioned communication networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0032] As can be understood from the foregoing, the implementing entity of any method provided in the embodiments of this application can be any suitable type of control device 10 with certain computing and control capabilities, such as the aforementioned control device 10. In some feasible implementations, any method provided in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by a processor executing computer program instructions stored in memory.

[0033] The heat dissipation method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to exemplary applications and implementations of the control device provided in the embodiments of this application. This heat dissipation method is applied to the aforementioned control device. Specifically, the execution subject of this method is one or at least two processors of the control device. Please refer to... Figure 3 The heat dissipation method includes, but is not limited to, the following steps S100 to S200.

[0034] Step S100: Obtain the target temperature and initial control parameters, wherein the initial control parameters include one of the electrical parameters of the energy storage system and the operating parameters of the heat dissipation device.

[0035] The target temperature refers to the temperature value that the energy storage system is expected to converge to during stable operation. It is determined by the system designer based on the maximum temperature resistance specifications of the devices, the upper limit of actual heat dissipation capacity, and noise control requirements, and is written into the memory of the control device during the system initialization phase. The target temperature should be lower than the over-temperature protection threshold of the energy storage system to ensure that the system remains within a safe operating range during the iterative search process. For example, if the over-temperature protection threshold is 100℃, the target temperature can be set to 85℃, reserving a certain temperature safety margin for the system to prevent over-temperature protection from being triggered due to temperature fluctuations during the iteration process.

[0036] Initial control parameters refer to the control physical quantities and their initial set values ​​selected when the heat dissipation method is started. They are either electrical parameters of the energy storage system or operating parameters of the heat dissipation device, and are determined by the actual operating conditions and control requirements of the energy storage system.

[0037] The electrical parameters of an energy storage system refer to the adjustable electrical parameters that affect the system's heat generation, including but not limited to the system's operating power, charging and discharging current, and output voltage. Taking operating power as an example, it represents the system's output power. During operation, core electronic components such as power devices continuously generate heat due to current flow. The system's heat generation is positively correlated with its operating power; the higher the operating power, the more heat is generated per unit time, and the faster the system temperature rises. Therefore, with fixed heat dissipation device operating parameters, iteratively adjusting the operating power can change the system's heat generation, thereby affecting the system temperature and achieving thermal balance management. This application scenario is suitable for energy storage systems where the operating power can be flexibly adjusted within a certain range.

[0038] The operating parameters of a heat dissipation device refer to the adjustable parameters that control its heat dissipation capacity, including but not limited to the speed of the cooling fan and the flow rate of the water-cooled pump. Taking the cooling fan speed as an example, according to the principle of convection heat dissipation, the convection heat dissipation coefficient is positively correlated with the fan speed. The higher the speed, the more heat is removed from the system per unit time, and the lower the system temperature; conversely, the lower the speed, the less convection heat dissipation, and the higher the system temperature. Therefore, with a fixed operating power of the energy storage system, the heat dissipation capacity of the system can be changed by iteratively adjusting the fan speed, so that the system temperature converges to near the target temperature. This allows for minimizing the fan speed while meeting heat dissipation requirements, achieving the goal of ensuring system temperature safety while maintaining low-noise operation.

[0039] In practical applications, when the operating power of the energy storage system is fixed and only the heat dissipation effect needs to be adjusted, the initial control parameters are taken from the operating parameters of the heat dissipation device. When the operating parameters of the heat dissipation device are fixed and thermal balance needs to be achieved by adjusting the operating power, the initial control parameters are taken from the electrical parameters of the energy storage system. The specific values ​​of the initial control parameters can be preset based on engineering experience, serving as the starting point for the iterative search algorithm. For example, if the initial control parameter is the cooling fan speed, its initial value can be set to 50%, allowing the system to start from an intermediate state, taking into account the search efficiency in both upward and downward directions. If the initial control parameter is the operating power, its initial value can be set to a certain percentage of the rated power to ensure that the system is at a relatively safe heat load level in the initial stage of the search.

[0040] Step S200: Enter the adjustment cycle, and in each adjustment cycle, execute the first adjustment step, which includes the following steps S210 to S230.

[0041] After initialization, the control device enters a periodic adjustment cycle. By continuously iterating through the first adjustment step, the control parameters are gradually brought closer to the target control parameters, eventually stabilizing the system temperature near the target temperature.

[0042] The adjustment cycle refers to the time unit during which the control device periodically performs thermal balance state sensing and iterative adjustment of control parameters. In some embodiments, the adjustment cycle can be configured according to the actual operating conditions of the energy storage system to ensure that at the end of each adjustment cycle, the system temperature has fully reflected the thermal balance state under the current control parameters, thereby reducing errors in thermal balance state judgment.

[0043] Within each adjustment cycle, the control device sequentially executes the following steps S210 to S230 to complete one complete thermal balance state sensing and control parameter iteration.

[0044] Step S210: Obtain the current temperature, current temperature change parameters, and current control parameters. In the first adjustment cycle, the current control parameters are the initial control parameters.

[0045] The current temperature refers to the filtered system temperature value used by the control device when performing this thermal balance judgment.

[0046] The current temperature is obtained as follows: The control device samples the temperature of the energy storage system using a temperature sensor and filters the sampled values ​​to suppress the influence of sampling noise on the determination of the thermal equilibrium state, thus obtaining a smoothed current temperature value. The temperature of the energy storage system can be the temperature of the power devices in the energy storage system, such as the temperature of the power switching transistors. When there are multiple temperature sampling points, the control device takes the maximum temperature of each sampling point as the current temperature, using the sampling point with the highest temperature as the control reference. This helps to reduce the complexity of data processing while achieving a conservative estimate and global protection of the overall system temperature state.

[0047] In one specific implementation, the control device performs analog sampling of negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors arranged on the circuit board. An NTC is a thermistor whose resistance decreases with increasing temperature, widely used in temperature detection in electronic devices. The microcontroller performs analog-to-digital conversion on the voltage across the NTC to obtain the sampled NTC value. Then, it uses a binary search algorithm to look up the corresponding temperature value in a pre-stored lookup table of NTC sampled values ​​and actual temperatures in the control device's memory. This lookup table can be generated from parameter curves or experimental calibration data provided by the sensor manufacturer. To further suppress the influence of sampling noise on the determination of thermal equilibrium, the control device performs low-pass filtering on the sampled temperature values ​​to remove high-frequency interference components, obtaining a smoothed current temperature value. In the case of multiple NTC sampling points, the control device takes the maximum temperature of each sampling point as the current temperature, using the sampling point with the highest temperature as the control benchmark. This helps to reduce data processing complexity while achieving a conservative estimate and global protection of the overall system temperature state, thereby reducing hardware resource consumption. A standard microcontroller can meet the implementation requirements, which is beneficial for controlling hardware costs.

[0048] The current temperature change parameter reflects the trend of system temperature change over time. It describes whether the system temperature is rising, falling, or stable compared to the previous thermal balance judgment. Specifically, the control device compares the current temperature used in the current thermal balance judgment with the temperature value used in the previous thermal balance judgment to determine the current temperature change parameter: if the current temperature is greater than the previous temperature value, the current temperature change parameter indicates an upward temperature trend, i.e., dT / dt is greater than the preset temperature change threshold; if the current temperature is less than the previous temperature value, the current temperature change parameter indicates a downward temperature trend, i.e., dT / dt is less than the preset temperature change threshold; if the current temperature is equal to the previous temperature value, the current temperature change parameter indicates a stable temperature state, i.e., dT / dt is equal to the preset temperature change threshold. In practical implementation, the preset temperature change threshold can be set to 0, and the sign of the difference between the temperature values ​​used in two adjacent thermal balance judgments can be directly used as the basis for judging the temperature change trend. This is simple to implement and suitable for efficient execution on resource-constrained microcontroller platforms.

[0049] The current control parameter refers to the control quantity actually applied to the system within the current adjustment cycle. Its physical meaning depends on the type of the initial control parameter: if the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, then the current control parameter is the actual operating parameter value applied to the heat dissipation device at the current moment (such as the current fan speed percentage); if the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then the current control parameter is the actual electrical parameter value applied to the energy storage system at the current moment (such as determining the current operating power through the charging and discharging current and charging and discharging voltage of the energy storage system). In the first adjustment cycle, the current control parameter is the initial control parameter obtained in step S100, which is the starting control quantity of the search algorithm; in subsequent adjustment cycles, the current control parameter is the new control parameter value output after iterative adjustment in step S230 at the end of the previous adjustment cycle, thereby realizing the transfer of control state during each adjustment cycle and ensuring the continuity of the iterative search process.

[0050] Step S220: Based on the current temperature, target temperature, and current temperature change parameters, determine the comparison result between the current control parameters and the target control parameters.

[0051] The target control parameter refers to the ideal control parameter value that enables the system temperature to eventually stabilize near the target temperature. Since the thermal characteristics of energy storage systems vary depending on the model, environment, and operating conditions, the target control parameter cannot be precisely given in advance during the system design phase. It needs to be gradually approximated by the heat dissipation method provided in this application through periodic iterative search.

[0052] The comparison result refers to the judgment conclusion on the magnitude relationship between the current control parameter and the target control parameter, including one of two situations: the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter, or the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter. This comparison result is not obtained by directly reading the target control parameter value, but rather indirectly inferred by the control device after comprehensively judging the current thermal equilibrium state of the system. Specifically, the control device comprehensively judges the current thermal equilibrium state of the system by combining the magnitude relationship between the current temperature and the target temperature, as well as the temperature dynamic trend reflected by the current temperature change parameter, and then infers the direction of the deviation of the current control parameter relative to the target control parameter, forming a comparison conclusion. Based on this comparison conclusion, the control device then determines in step S230 whether the current control parameter should be adjusted in the direction of increase or decrease to drive the system temperature towards the target temperature. It is worth noting that the magnitude relationship between the current temperature and the target temperature alone cannot distinguish whether the system is in a dynamic adjustment process or has already reached stability; the introduction of the current temperature change parameter is precisely to compensate for this deficiency, making the judgment of the thermal equilibrium state more accurate, thereby ensuring the reliability of the comparison conclusion. Compared to the traditional static mapping method that uses a pre-set table of temperature and control parameters, step S220 does not require prior knowledge of the specific values ​​of the target control parameters, nor does it require pre-calibration of the temperature and control parameter correspondence for each model. The control direction can be dynamically determined solely by real-time observation of the system's thermal behavior, resulting in stronger adaptability and wider applicability to different models.

[0053] Step S230: Adjust the current control parameters based on the comparison results and the current step size.

[0054] The current step size refers to the increase or decrease in the current control parameter during each iteration. After obtaining the comparison result of step S220, the control device iteratively adjusts the current control parameter based on the deviation direction of the current control parameter relative to the target control parameter, combined with the current step size. Specifically, the current step size is positive. If the comparison result shows that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter, the current control parameter is decreased by one current step size to obtain the new control parameter value at the end of the current adjustment cycle. If the comparison result shows that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter, the current control parameter is increased by one current step size to obtain the new control parameter value at the end of the current adjustment cycle. The control device outputs the adjusted new control parameter value to the heat dissipation device or energy storage system as the current control parameter for the next adjustment cycle, and also as the starting value for the next iteration adjustment in step S230. After a sufficient number of adjustment cycle iterations, the current control parameter will gradually approach the target control parameter, and the system temperature will eventually converge and stabilize near the target temperature.

[0055] By periodically executing the first adjustment steps consisting of steps S210 to S230, the control device does not need to rely on a preset temperature-control parameter correspondence table. Instead, it adaptively iterates and gradually adjusts the control parameters by sensing the system's thermal balance state in real time, so that the system temperature automatically converges to near the target temperature.

[0056] In this embodiment, by comprehensively sensing the relationship between the current temperature, the rate of temperature change, and the target temperature, the control parameters are adjusted iteratively and gradually. Each adjustment is relatively gradual, which helps to reduce large jumps in the fan speed. Simultaneously, since the system aims to stabilize the temperature near the target temperature, rather than simply following a fixed mapping relationship where higher temperatures result in higher fan speeds, unnecessary high-speed operation is reduced when the temperature is already within a controllable range. This helps to reduce fan speed and operating noise while meeting heat dissipation requirements. Through continuous sensing and feedback adjustment of the system's thermal balance, the energy storage system can appropriately increase the operating temperature within the design limits to achieve a relatively low cooling device speed, thus approaching a high-temperature, low-noise operating state. This advantage may be particularly pronounced under low heat generation conditions. For example, under a typical operating condition with an ambient temperature of 30°C, the system temperature is approximately 36°C at 30% fan speed. According to the principle of convection cooling, when the fan speed is reduced to 15%, the system temperature may rise to approximately 42°C. While the latter state causes a slight increase in system temperature, it remains within a safe operating range. Simultaneously, the fan speed is reduced to some extent, improving noise levels. Furthermore, the gradual adjustment of control parameters helps ensure smooth changes in the cooling device's speed, mitigating the problem of fluctuating noise levels caused by speed jumps in traditional threshold control schemes and enhancing the user experience.

[0057] Moreover, under the conditions of fixed convective heat dissipation of the heat dissipation device and adjustable operating power, this method can automatically search for and lock the maximum operating power that stabilizes the system temperature near the target temperature, fully tapping the power potential of the system under thermal constraints. In addition, this method does not involve any assumptions or modeling specific to a particular system, and will not lead to a decrease in control accuracy due to the increased complexity of the system's thermal characteristics. It has good adaptability to different models and different environmental conditions. During development and deployment, only the target temperature needs to be set, without the need to calibrate the correspondence table between temperature and control parameters for each model, which significantly reduces development and maintenance costs.

[0058] In some embodiments, the comparison result between the current control parameter and the target control parameter is determined based on the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter, including but not limited to the following steps S221 to S222.

[0059] Step S221: If the current temperature, target temperature and current temperature change parameters meet the first preset temperature convergence condition, then based on the first comparison rule, determine the comparison result between the current control parameter and the target control parameter.

[0060] Step S222: If the current temperature, target temperature and current temperature change parameters do not meet the first preset temperature convergence condition, then reacquire the current temperature and current temperature change parameters until the current temperature, target temperature and current temperature change parameters meet the second preset temperature convergence condition, and determine the comparison result between the current control parameters and the target control parameters based on the second comparison rule.

[0061] To facilitate understanding of steps S221 and S222, the mathematical model of the thermal balance of the energy storage system will be briefly explained below. Taking a cooling fan as the heat dissipation device and the current control parameters including operating power or fan speed as an example, in the energy storage system, the thermal balance consists of three parts: heat generation from the circuit, conduction heat dissipation with the outside environment, and convection heat dissipation dominated by air cooling.

[0062] Suppose At what moment is the circuit power? The heat generated by the circuit for: Formula (1), in For duration, To operate at power Let be the heating power function of the independent variable. Assuming the system's heat output is positively correlated with its operating power, then... For about It is a monotonically increasing function. Within a single thermal equilibrium state analysis cycle, the operating power... This remains unchanged and is treated as a known constant. Based on the principle of heat transfer, let the amount of heat dissipated through conduction be... for: Formula (2), in, The thermal conductivity coefficient is related to the material's thermal conductivity, heat transfer thickness, and heat transfer area. Given a fixed system material property and structural dimensions, These are fixed parameters.

[0063] Based on the principle of convection heat dissipation, let the convection heat dissipation amount be... for: Formula (3), in, The convective heat dissipation coefficient, This refers to the fan speed; The convective heat dissipation characteristics of the system are described, under the condition that the system structural parameters and fluid medium properties are determined. These are known, fixed parameters.

[0064] The fan speed is controlled by the duty cycle of the drive circuit. With rotational speed The relationship is: Formula (4), For a regular fan, It is about The rotational speed is a monotonically increasing function, meaning the higher the duty cycle, the higher the rotational speed. The total heat change of the system. for: Formula (5), System temperature change for: Formula (6), in, Given the overall specific heat capacity of the system, and assuming the system's mass composition and material thermophysical properties are determined, These are known, fixed parameters.

[0065] Differentiating the temperature change formula yields: Formula (7), Equation (7) reveals the relationship between the system temperature change rate and the current temperature. Operating power Fan speed The ambient temperature of the energy storage system The quantitative relationship between them forms the mathematical basis for subsequent thermal equilibrium state identification and control parameter comparison rule derivation. In heat dissipation scenarios, it can be considered that... Therefore, if If it is a fixed value, then It is about The function is a monotonically increasing function, meaning that the higher the rotational speed, the lower the rate of temperature increase; if If it is a fixed value, then It is about It is a monotonically decreasing function, meaning that the higher the current power, the higher the rate of temperature increase.

[0066] Based on the above thermal balance mathematical model, combined with the current temperature change parameters ( The sign of the temperature (positive or negative) and the relationship between the current temperature and the target temperature can be used to classify and determine the current thermal equilibrium state of the system. Based on the above mathematical model, the following two control scenarios will be elaborated separately.

[0067] Operating parameters of the heat dissipation device (based on fan speed) In a scenario where the initial control parameters are (for example), for any target temperature... At operating power When fixed, there exists a unique target rotational speed. , so that: Formula (8), In heat dissipation scenarios, it can be considered that Therefore, if For fixed values, It is about A monotonically decreasing function; if For fixed values, It is about Given a monotonically decreasing function, we can deduce the following conclusions: when hour, Formula (9.1), when hour, Formula (9.2), when hour, Formula (9.3), when hour, Formula (9.4), when hour, Formula (9.5), when hour, Formula (9.6), in, The current temperature. Let be the target temperature (i.e., the ideal temperature at which the system is expected to eventually stabilize and converge). Formula (9.5) shows that if the actual system temperature (current temperature) is higher than the target temperature and the fan speed is exactly equal to the target speed, the system temperature will inevitably decrease. Formula (9.6) shows that if the actual system temperature is lower than the target temperature and the fan speed is exactly equal to the target speed, the system temperature will inevitably increase.

[0068] From formulas (9.5) and (9.6), it can be seen that, under the condition that other parameters are determined, if fixed The system temperature eventually converges to Therefore, to stabilize the system temperature at the target temperature... The corresponding target speed needs to be found. .

[0069] From formulas (9.2) and (9.3), we can see that: when hour, Formula (10.1), If the current temperature is greater than or equal to the target temperature and the temperature is still rising, it indicates that the current rotation speed is too low and the heat dissipation is insufficient.

[0070] From formulas (9.1) and (9.4), we can see that: when hour, Formula (10.2), If the current temperature is less than or equal to the target temperature and the temperature is still decreasing, it indicates that the current rotation speed is too high and there is room for noise reduction.

[0071] However, when and At that time, it is impossible to judge directly. and The relative magnitudes of the temperature need to be continuously monitored and monitored until the system temperature further converges. If the temperature further decreases to... Then it can be determined If the system reaches the target first If the steady state is reached, then it can be determined that... .

[0072] Similarly, when and At that time, it is also impossible to make a direct judgment; we need to wait for the temperature to converge. If the temperature rises further to... Then it can be determined If the system reaches the target first If the steady state is reached, then it can be determined that... .

[0073] Electrical parameters of the energy storage system (operating power) In scenarios where the initial control parameter is [parameter 1], for applications where the operating power is controllable (such as power input scenarios), thermal balance can be achieved by controlling the operating power. The monotonicity of the target temperature At fan speed When fixed, there exists a unique target power. Make In heat dissipation scenarios, if For fixed values, It is about A monotonically increasing function; if For fixed values, It is about Given a monotonically decreasing function, we can deduce the following conclusions: when hour, Formula (11.1), when hour, Formula (11.2), when hour, Formula (11.3), when hour, Formula (11.4), when hour, Formula (11.5), when hour, Formula (11.6), From formulas (11.5) and (11.6), it can be seen that when other parameters are determined, if fixed... The system temperature eventually converges to .

[0074] From formulas (11.1) and (11.3), we can see that: when hour, Formula (12.1), If the current temperature is not lower than the target temperature and the temperature is still rising, it indicates that the current power is too high and too much heat is generated.

[0075] From formulas (11.2) and (11.4), we can see that: when hour, Formula (12.2), If the current temperature is not higher than the target temperature and the temperature is still decreasing, it indicates that the current power is too low and there is still room for improvement.

[0076] Similarly, when and At that time, it is impossible to judge directly. and The magnitude relationship needs to be determined by temperature convergence: if the temperature drops to... Then it can be determined If the system reaches the target first If the steady state is reached, then it can be determined that... .when and Similarly, we need to wait for the temperature to converge: if the temperature rises to... Then it can be determined If the system reaches the target first If the steady state is reached, then it can be determined that... .

[0077] The analysis of the two scenarios above shows that the direction of temperature change ( The sign of the parameter (i.e., the relationship between the current temperature change parameter and the preset temperature change threshold, and the relationship between the current temperature and the target temperature) determines the current thermal equilibrium state of the system into two categories: directly identifiable (meets the first preset temperature convergence condition, allowing for immediate comparison conclusions) and requiring convergence (does not meet the first preset temperature convergence condition, requiring continuous monitoring and waiting until the second preset temperature convergence condition is met before a comparison conclusion can be determined). Steps S221 and S222 correspond to the processing logic for these two types of states, respectively.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first preset temperature convergence condition includes either condition a1 or condition a2, where condition a1 is that the current temperature is greater than or equal to the target temperature and the current temperature change parameter is greater than a preset temperature change threshold; and condition a2 is that the current temperature is less than or equal to the target temperature and the current temperature change parameter is less than a preset temperature change threshold.

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment of the application, the preset temperature change threshold is 0. Condition a1 represents the state in which the current temperature of the system has exceeded or just reached the upper limit of the target temperature and the temperature is still on the rise, that is, the system is in an emergency condition of "high temperature and still rising". Condition a2 represents the state in which the current temperature of the system has not yet reached the lower limit of the target temperature and the temperature is still on the fall, that is, the system is in an under-temperature condition of "low temperature and still falling". In both of the above scenarios, the deviation direction between the current temperature and the target temperature, as well as the temperature change trend, are highly consistent. The information carried by both points to the same control deviation direction, allowing for a reliable judgment. Therefore, this is classified as a "directly judgeable" state, which corresponds to the states in formulas (10.1), (10.2), (12.1), and (12.2). In this state, the relative relationship between the current temperature and the target temperature, as well as the direction of temperature change, has a unique and definite comparison conclusion. Based on the first comparison rule corresponding to formulas (10.1), (10.2), (12.1), and (12.2), the control device can output the comparison result.

[0080] Specifically, the first comparison rule includes: if the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, target temperature and current temperature change parameter meet condition a1, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter; when the current temperature, target temperature and current temperature change parameter meet condition a2, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter.

[0081] For example, if the initial control parameter is the operating power of the energy storage system, the higher the operating power, the higher the internal heat dissipation and the higher the system temperature. Under condition a1, the system temperature is too high and is still rising, indicating that the current operating power is too high and the heat generation exceeds the heat dissipation capacity, that is, the current operating power is greater than the target operating power. Under condition a2, the system temperature is too low and is still falling, indicating that the current operating power is too low and the heat generation is insufficient, that is, the current operating power is less than the target operating power.

[0082] The first comparison rule also includes: if the initial control parameter is the working parameter of the heat dissipation device, then when the current temperature, the target temperature and the current temperature change parameter meet condition a1, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter; when condition a2 is met, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter.

[0083] For example, if the initial control parameter is the fan speed of the cooling fan, the stronger the fan speed, the lower the system temperature. Under condition a1, the system temperature is too high and is still rising, indicating that the current cooling parameters are insufficient and the cooling capacity is inadequate, that is, the current fan speed is less than the target fan speed. Under condition a2, the system temperature is too low and is still falling, indicating that the current cooling parameters are too high and the cooling is excessive, that is, the current fan speed is greater than the target fan speed.

[0084] When the above conditions are not met, indicating that the current thermal equilibrium state of the system belongs to the "waiting for convergence" category (i.e., the first preset temperature convergence condition is not met), the comparison conclusion cannot be uniquely determined based solely on the current observations. The control device needs to continuously reacquire the current temperature and current temperature change parameters, continuously monitor the dynamic evolution of the system temperature, and wait for the system temperature to further converge and evolve until the second preset temperature convergence condition is met.

[0085] In some embodiments, the second preset temperature convergence condition includes any one of the following conditions: Condition b1: the current temperature is less than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is less than the preset temperature change threshold; Condition b2: the current temperature is greater than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is equal to the preset temperature change threshold; Condition b3: the current temperature is greater than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is greater than the preset temperature change threshold; Condition b4: the current temperature is less than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is equal to the preset temperature change threshold.

[0086] Specifically, the second comparison rule includes: if the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, target temperature, and current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b2, or when the current temperature, target temperature, and current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b3, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter; if the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, target temperature, and current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b1, or when the current temperature, target temperature, and current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b4, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter.

[0087] For example, if the initial control parameter is the operating power of the energy storage system, then step S222 is entered when the energy storage system is in the following two situations, wherein the first situation is: and And the second case: and In the first case, if the temperature further decreases to... ,and The comparison result is That is, if condition b1 is met, the comparison result is that the current operating power is less than the target operating power; if the system reaches the target operating power first... The steady state, and The comparison result is That is, condition b2 is met, and the comparison result is that the current operating power is greater than the target operating power. In the second case, if the temperature further increases to... ,and The comparison result is That is, if condition b3 is met, the comparison result is that the current operating power is greater than the target operating power; if the system reaches the target operating power first... The steady state, and The comparison result is That is, condition b4 is met, and the comparison result is that the current working power is less than the target working power.

[0088] The second comparison rule also includes: if the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, then when the current temperature, target temperature, and current temperature change parameter meet condition b2, or when the current temperature, target temperature, and current temperature change parameter meet condition b3, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter; if the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, then when the current temperature, target temperature, and current temperature change parameter meet condition b1, or when the current temperature, target temperature, and current temperature change parameter meet condition b4, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter.

[0089] For example, if the initial control parameter is the speed of the cooling fan, then step S222 is entered when the energy storage system is in the following two situations, wherein the first situation is: and And the second case: and In the first case, if the temperature further decreases to... ,and The comparison result is That is, if condition b1 is met, the comparison result is that the current fan speed is greater than the target fan speed; if the system reaches the target fan speed first... The steady state, and The comparison result is That is, condition b2 is met, and the comparison result is that the current fan speed is less than the target fan speed. In the second case, if the temperature further increases to... ,and The comparison result is That is, if condition b3 is met, the comparison result is that the current fan speed is less than the target fan speed; if the system reaches the target fan speed first... The steady state, and The comparison result is That is, condition b4 is met, and the comparison result is that the current fan speed is less than the target fan speed.

[0090] It is important to note that during the waiting process in step S222, the control device only performs temperature sampling and status monitoring operations, without adjusting the current control parameters. This is understandable because adjusting the control parameters before a comparison conclusion is reached could interfere with the natural convergence of the system's thermal equilibrium, introducing additional thermal disturbances and causing deviations in the temperature observations upon which subsequent judgments rely. By keeping the control parameters unchanged during the waiting phase, the system can be ensured to naturally evolve to a judgmentable state under the current control parameters, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of subsequent comparison conclusions and the direction of control parameter adjustments.

[0091] In this embodiment, by introducing a first preset temperature convergence condition and a second preset temperature convergence condition, the system thermal equilibrium state is subdivided into operating conditions that can be directly judged and operating conditions that need to wait for convergence. For different operating conditions, corresponding comparison rules are used to determine the comparison results, thereby improving the accuracy of judgment.

[0092] In some embodiments, the method for determining the current step size includes, but is not limited to, the following steps S310 to S330.

[0093] Step S310: In the first adjustment cycle, the first preset step size is used as the current step size in the first adjustment cycle.

[0094] The first preset step size is the starting step size of the iterative search. It is determined in advance by the system designer based on the adjustable range of the control parameters and the thermal response characteristics of the system, and is written into the memory of the control device during the system initialization phase.

[0095] Step S320: In the i-th adjustment period, obtain the current step size of the (i-1)-th adjustment period, where i is an integer greater than 1.

[0096] At the start of the i-th adjustment cycle, the control device first reads the current step size value recorded at the end of the previous adjustment cycle (i.e., the (i-1)-th adjustment cycle) as the input basis for the step size calculation in this cycle. The current step size of the previous adjustment cycle is written into the memory by the control device after completing step S330, so that it can be read and used in the next adjustment cycle, thereby realizing the continuous transmission of the step size status during each adjustment cycle and ensuring the orderly decrease of the step size sequence.

[0097] Step S330: Determine the current step size of the i-th adjustment period based on the current step size of the (i-1)th adjustment period and the preset step size adjustment rule.

[0098] The preset step size adjustment rule specifies the mapping relationship between the step sizes of two adjacent adjustment cycles. The specific mapping relationship is set according to actual needs. After completing step S330, the control device writes the current step size of the determined i-th adjustment cycle into the memory for use in step S320 of the (i+1)-th adjustment cycle.

[0099] Through the adaptive step size determination strategy constituted by steps S310 to S330 above, the control device can automatically complete the dynamic adjustment of the step size without manual intervention during the iterative search process. By setting preset step size adjustment rules, the search range of the target control parameter can be quickly compressed with a larger step size in the early stage of the search, and the control parameter can be finely adjusted with a smaller step size in the later stage of the search. Thus, the target control parameter can be accurately located in a smaller number of iterations, taking into account both convergence speed and control stability. This effectively solves the inherent defect of fixed step size schemes that cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of fast response and smooth control.

[0100] In some embodiments, in the preset step size adjustment rule, the current step size in the current adjustment period is smaller than the current step size in the previous adjustment period.

[0101] In this application, the current step size of the current adjustment period is smaller than the current step size of the previous adjustment period, meaning the step size sequence monotonically decreases as the iteration progresses. In some specific embodiments, the preset step size adjustment rule can adopt a halving decreasing strategy, that is, dividing the current step size of the previous adjustment period by 2 to obtain the current step size of the current adjustment period. This ensures that each adjustment effectively narrows the search range of the target control parameter while allowing the step size to shrink rapidly at an exponential rate, thus balancing the dual needs of rapid approximation in the early stages and fine-tuning in the later stages.

[0102] In this embodiment, by constraining the step size sequence to decrease monotonically, it helps to reduce the possibility of the step size rebounding or oscillating during the iteration process, which is conducive to the orderly convergence of the iterative search process and, to a certain extent, makes up for the shortcomings of the fixed step size scheme in meeting the requirements of fast response and smooth control at the same time.

[0103] In some embodiments, the method for determining the current step size further includes step S340: in response to the absolute value of the difference between the current temperature and the target temperature being greater than a preset temperature difference threshold, the current step size of the current adjustment cycle is determined to be a second preset step size.

[0104] The second preset step size can be the first preset step size or other preset fixed step size values. The preset temperature difference threshold refers to a pre-set temperature difference judgment boundary, used to distinguish the critical condition between the system temperature being within the normal adjustment range and being severely too high, such as 5℃. When the difference between the current temperature and the target temperature exceeds this threshold, it is determined that the system temperature has a large deviation, and the temperature control response speed needs to be prioritized. When the difference falls back to within this threshold, it is considered that the system temperature has entered the normal adjustment range, and the normal adjustment mode can be switched. The step size can be determined using steps S310 to S330. The preset temperature difference threshold can be flexibly configured according to the actual temperature control requirements and safety requirements of the equipment.

[0105] For example, when using a decreasing strategy to determine the step size, if the system temperature remains high and the difference between the current temperature and the target temperature exceeds a preset temperature difference threshold, continuing to use the decreasing strategy will cause the step size to shrink continuously with each iteration. This results in increasingly limited adjustments to the control parameters, a decrease in temperature control response speed, and the system temperature potentially remaining above the target temperature for an extended period, posing a potential risk to the safe and stable operation of the equipment. To address this scenario, this embodiment introduces a temperature difference judgment mechanism into the step size adjustment rule. When the difference between the current temperature and the target temperature is detected to be greater than the preset temperature difference threshold, the current step size of the current adjustment cycle is reset to a second preset step size. This larger fixed step size drives the control parameters to continuously and rapidly approach the target control parameters, prioritizing temperature control response speed. Once the temperature difference falls back to within the preset temperature difference threshold, the strategy is switched back to a halved decreasing strategy for fine-tuning the control parameters to achieve stable temperature control.

[0106] In this embodiment, by introducing a temperature difference judgment mechanism, the step size adjustment strategy can adaptively switch according to the real-time deviation of the system temperature. When the temperature is severely high, a larger step size is used to accelerate the adjustment process of the control parameters, which helps to shorten the time required for the system temperature to return to the target temperature and reduces the risk of slow temperature control response due to premature contraction of the step size. After the temperature difference returns to the normal range, the strategy is switched to a halving decreasing strategy, which is conducive to achieving stable and precise temperature control. Thus, to a certain extent, the dual requirements of temperature control response speed and adjustment stability are taken into account.

[0107] As another aspect of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing an electronic device to perform the methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0108] In some embodiments, the storage medium may be a memory such as FRAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, magnetic surface memory, optical disk, or CD-ROM; or it may be a variety of devices including one or any combination of the above-mentioned memories.

[0109] In some embodiments, executable instructions may take the form of a program, software, software module, script, or code, written in any form of programming language (including compiled or interpreted languages, or declarative or procedural languages), and may be deployed in any form, including as a standalone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment.

[0110] As an example, executable instructions may, but do not necessarily, correspond to files in the file system. They may be stored as part of a file that holds other programs or data, for example, in one or more scripts in a Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) document, in a single file dedicated to the program in question, or in multiple collaborative files (e.g., a file that stores one or more modules, subroutines, or code sections).

[0111] As an example, executable instructions can be deployed to execute on a single computing device (including devices such as smart terminals and servers), or on multiple computing devices located in one location, or on multiple computing devices distributed across multiple locations and interconnected via a communication network.

[0112] As another aspect of the embodiments of this application, the embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, the computer program product including a computer program stored on a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program including program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in the foregoing embodiments.

[0113] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0114] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a general-purpose hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the related technology, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions for at least one computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0115] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them; under the concept of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation method, characterized in that, Applied to an energy storage system, the energy storage system including a heat dissipation device, the heat dissipation method including: Obtain the target temperature and initial control parameters, wherein the initial control parameters include one of the electrical parameters of the energy storage system and the operating parameters of the heat dissipation device; Enter an adjustment cycle, and within each adjustment cycle, execute a first adjustment step, which includes: The current temperature, current temperature change parameters, and current control parameters are obtained, wherein, within the first adjustment cycle, the current control parameters are the initial control parameters; If the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy the first preset temperature convergence condition, then based on the first comparison rule, the comparison result between the current control parameter and the target control parameter is determined. If the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter do not satisfy the first preset temperature convergence condition, then the current temperature and the current temperature change parameter are reacquired until the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy the second preset temperature convergence condition, and based on the second comparison rule, the comparison result between the current control parameter and the target control parameter is determined. Based on the comparison results and the current step size, adjust the current control parameters.

2. The heat dissipation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first preset temperature convergence condition includes any one of the following conditions: Condition a1: The current temperature is greater than or equal to the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is greater than the preset temperature change threshold; Condition a2: The current temperature is less than or equal to the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is less than the preset temperature change threshold; The first comparison rule includes: If the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition a1, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter. If the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition a2, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter; If the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition a1, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter; If the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition a2, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter.

3. The heat dissipation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second preset temperature convergence condition includes any one of the following conditions: Condition b1: The current temperature is less than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is less than a preset temperature change threshold; Condition b2: The current temperature is greater than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is equal to the preset temperature change threshold; Condition b3: The current temperature is greater than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is greater than the preset temperature change threshold; Condition b4: The current temperature is less than the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter is equal to the preset temperature change threshold; The second comparison rule includes: If the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b2, or when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b3, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter. If the initial control parameter is the electrical parameter of the energy storage system, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b1, or when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b4, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter. If the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b2, or when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b3, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is less than the target control parameter. If the initial control parameter is the operating parameter of the heat dissipation device, then when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b1, or when the current temperature, the target temperature, and the current temperature change parameter satisfy condition b4, the comparison result is that the current control parameter is greater than the target control parameter.

4. The heat dissipation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for determining the current step size includes: Within the first adjustment period, the first preset step size is used as the current step size within the first adjustment period; Within the i-th adjustment period, obtain the current step size of the (i-1)-th adjustment period, where i is an integer greater than 1; Based on the current step size of the (i-1)th adjustment cycle and the preset step size adjustment rule, the current step size of the i-th adjustment cycle is determined.

5. The heat dissipation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the preset step size adjustment rule, the current step size in the current adjustment period is smaller than the current step size in the previous adjustment period.

6. The heat dissipation method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for determining the current step size also includes: In response to the absolute value of the difference between the current temperature and the target temperature being greater than a preset temperature difference threshold, the current step size of the current adjustment cycle is determined to be the second preset step size.

7. A control device, characterized in that, include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer program instructions executable by the processor, which, when executed by the processor, cause the control device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. An energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes an energy storage device, a heat dissipation device, and a control device as described in claim 7; The control device is electrically connected to the heat dissipation device and the energy storage device.

9. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores instructions or programs that, when executed by at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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