Battery management system and battery management method

Abstract

A battery management system and a battery management method are provided. The battery management system according to the present disclosure includes a sensing unit configured to sense a state of a battery pack, and a control unit. When charging completion of the battery pack is identified in an electric vehicle that remains connected to a charger, the control unit is configured to set an initial wake-up time and switch from a wake-up mode to a sleep mode. In response to arrival of the wake-up time while in the sleep mode, the control unit is configured to switch from the sleep mode to the wake-up mode and generate first monitoring information associated with the state of the battery pack. The control unit is configured to set a next wake-up time based on the first monitoring information and switch from the wake-up mode to the sleep mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to monitoring the state of the battery of a fully charged electric vehicle connected to a charging station.

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0179826, filed on December 5, 2024, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0146076, filed on October 10, 2025, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Background Technology

[0003] Recently, demand for portable electronic products such as laptops, cameras, or mobile phones has grown rapidly, and with the widespread development of electric vehicles, batteries for energy storage, robots, or satellites, there is a great deal of research being conducted on high-performance batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged.

[0004] Currently, batteries on the market include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and lithium batteries. Among them, lithium batteries have little or no memory effect. Therefore, lithium batteries are gaining more attention than nickel-based batteries due to their advantages of being rechargeable at any time, having extremely low self-discharge rate, and high energy density.

[0005] Recent analysis indicates that overcharging is one of the leading causes of fires in electric vehicles. It is well-known that fully charged vehicle batteries pose a higher fire risk because they are more unstable when fully charged than before. A fully charged vehicle battery can be defined as having reached the user's preset state of charge (SOC) (e.g., 95% SOC or 100% SOC). Furthermore, as the time a fully charged vehicle battery remains connected to the charger increases, overcharging becomes more severe due to the small charging current flowing from the charger to the vehicle battery.

[0006] Meanwhile, the battery management system (BMS) is used in electric vehicles to monitor the state of the vehicle's battery and perform appropriate functions.

[0007] Typically, when an electric vehicle is parked after it has been fully charged, the BMS monitors the vehicle's battery status at longer intervals than when the electric vehicle is in motion. For example, while driving, the BMS remains in wake-up mode and monitors the battery status every 0.1 seconds, while when parked, the BMS typically remains in sleep mode and wakes up every 5 minutes to monitor the battery status. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Technical issues

[0009] The battery monitoring methods described above are insufficient to accurately monitor the state of a fully charged vehicle battery while the electric vehicle is parked and connected to a charger. Ultimately, they may miss or fail to detect abnormalities (such as signs of failure) in the vehicle battery at the appropriate time and execute appropriate safety functions.

[0010] This disclosure aims to provide a battery management system and a battery management method that repeatedly updates the wake-up time for monitoring the state of the vehicle battery, starting from the time when an electric vehicle connected to a charger reaches a fully charged state.

[0011] These and other objects and advantages of this disclosure will be understood from the following description and will become apparent from the embodiments of this disclosure. Furthermore, it will be readily understood that the objects and advantages of this disclosure can be achieved by the devices and combinations thereof set forth in the appended claims.

[0012] Technical solution

[0013] A battery management system according to one aspect of this disclosure includes: a sensing unit configured to sense the state of a battery pack of an electric vehicle; and a control unit. When charging of the battery pack is detected to be complete in the electric vehicle while it remains connected to a charger, the control unit is configured to set an initial wake-up time and switch from a wake-up mode to a sleep mode. While in sleep mode, in response to the arrival of the wake-up time, the control unit is configured to switch from sleep mode to wake-up mode. The control unit is configured to generate first monitoring information associated with the state of the battery pack in wake-up mode. The control unit is configured to set a next wake-up time based on the first monitoring information and switch from wake-up mode to sleep mode.

[0014] The control unit can also be configured to set the initial wake-up time to be equal to the time point at which a predetermined reference sleep time has elapsed since the battery pack was identified as fully charged.

[0015] The control unit can also be configured to update the battery pack's state history information during the duration of charging completion based on the first monitoring information. The control unit can also be configured to set the next wake-up time by analyzing the state history information.

[0016] The control unit can also be configured to determine the abnormal level of the battery pack based on state history information and set the next wake-up time based on the target sleep time corresponding to the abnormal level.

[0017] The control unit can also be configured to count the duration of charging completion and further set the next wake-up time based on that duration.

[0018] The control unit can also be configured to set the next wake-up time based on second monitoring information associated with the state of the charger.

[0019] The control unit can also be configured to determine the abnormality level of the battery pack based on a comparison between the first monitoring information and the second monitoring information. The control unit can also be configured to set the next wake-up time based on a target sleep time corresponding to the abnormality level.

[0020] According to another aspect of this disclosure, the battery pack includes the battery management system.

[0021] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an electric vehicle includes the battery pack.

[0022] A battery management method according to another aspect of this disclosure includes: when it is detected that the charging of the battery pack of an electric vehicle connected to a charger is complete, setting an initial wake-up time and switching from a wake-up mode to a sleep mode; switching from a sleep mode to a wake-up mode in response to the arrival of the wake-up time while in a sleep mode; generating first monitoring information associated with the state of the battery pack in the wake-up mode; setting a next wake-up time based on the first monitoring information in the wake-up mode; and switching from the wake-up mode to a sleep mode after setting the next wake-up time.

[0023] Setting the next wake-up time may include: updating the battery pack's state history information during the duration of charging completion based on the first monitoring information; and setting the next wake-up time by analyzing the state history information.

[0024] Setting the next wake-up time can include: determining the abnormality level of the battery pack based on state history information; and setting the next wake-up time based on the target sleep time corresponding to the abnormality level.

[0025] Setting the next wake-up time may include: counting the duration of charging completion; and further setting the next wake-up time based on that duration.

[0026] Setting the next wake-up time may include: further setting the next wake-up time based on second monitoring information associated with the state of the charger.

[0027] Setting the next wake-up time may include: determining the abnormality level of the battery pack based on a comparison between the first monitoring information and the second monitoring information; and setting the next wake-up time based on the target sleep time corresponding to the abnormality level.

[0028] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable medium has thereon recorded a program for causing a computer to perform the battery management method.

[0029] Beneficial effects

[0030] According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure can repeatedly update the wake-up time for monitoring the state of the vehicle battery, starting from the time when the electric vehicle connected to the charger reaches a fully charged state.

[0031] Therefore, compared with existing methods that rely on wake-up intervals with a fixed duration (e.g., 5 minutes), this disclosure can detect anomalies in the vehicle battery in a timely manner by adjusting the wake-up cycle (sleep time) based on the state of the vehicle battery.

[0032] The effects of this disclosure are not limited to those described above, and those skilled in the art will clearly understand these and other effects from the appended claims. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and are used, together with the following detailed description, to provide a better understanding of the technical aspects of the present disclosure; therefore, the present disclosure should not be construed as being limited to any of the drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 The figure is a reference in describing an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 2 In describing Figure 1 The diagram shown is a reference to an example of the connection relationship between the battery pack and the sensing unit.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery management method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 4 It shows that it can be included Figure 3 A flowchart of an example of a subroutine in step S340.

[0038] Figure 5 In describing Figure 4 The method references the diagram.

[0039] Figure 6 It shows that it can be included Figure 3 The flowchart shows another example of a subroutine in step S340.

[0040] Figure 7 In describing Figure 6 The method references the diagram.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery management method according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 9 It shows that it can be included Figure 8A flowchart of an example of a subroutine in step S840. Detailed Implementation

[0043] In the following description, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Before the description, it should be understood that the terms or words used in the specification and appended claims should not be construed as limited to their common and dictionary meanings, but rather should be interpreted based on their meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical aspects of the present disclosure, on the basis of allowing the inventors to appropriately define the terms for the best illustration.

[0044] Therefore, the embodiments described herein and the illustrations shown in the figures are embodiments of the present disclosure used to describe the technical aspects of the present disclosure, but are not intended to be limiting, and it should be understood that various other equivalents and modifications may be made thereto at the time of filing of this application.

[0045] Ordinal terms such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish one element from another among various elements, but are not intended to limit elements by the terms.

[0046] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the terms "comprising" and "including" as used in this specification indicate the presence of the said element, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements. Furthermore, the term "unit" as used herein refers to a processing unit that performs at least one function or operation and can be implemented individually or in combination by means of hardware and software.

[0047] Furthermore, throughout this specification, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it can be directly connected to that other element, or there may be an intermediary element.

[0048] Figure 1 The figure is a reference in describing an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] refer to Figure 1 Electric vehicles (EVs) can be charged by connecting to a charging station (CS).

[0050] The charging station CS can be installed at the entry and exit points of electric vehicles EVs. The charging station CS may include a charging port CP, a charger 210, and a controller 230.

[0051] The charging port CP is configured to be attached to or detached from the charging port EP of the electric vehicle EV. For example, the charging port CP can be provided in the form of a charging gun.

[0052] The charging port CP can be coupled to one end of the station power lines CL1 and CL2, and one end of the station communication cable CC. The other end of the station communication cable CC can be coupled to the controller 230.

[0053] When the charging port CP is connected to the vehicle port CC, the controller 230 can send commands related to charging and discharging operations to the electric vehicle EV via the station communication cable CC, or receive requests related to charging and discharging operations from the electric vehicle EV.

[0054] The charger 210 is configured to charge the battery pack 10 of the electric vehicle EV in response to a charging command from the controller 230 during charging operation.

[0055] The charger 210 can be electrically connected between a pair of station power lines CL1 and CL2 via its pair of charging terminals.

[0056] Charger 210 may include sensing circuit 211. Sensing circuit 211 may measure at least one type of charging parameter (e.g., charger temperature) related to the state of charger 210.

[0057] The controller 230 may be implemented in hardware using at least one of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a microprocessor, or an electrical unit for performing other functions.

[0058] The controller 230 can control the charging operation of the charger 210. The charging operation of the charger 210 can be performed according to a constant current (CC)-constant voltage (CV) charging protocol. The constant current (CC)-constant voltage (CV) charging protocol is well known in the art, and its detailed description is omitted. The controller 230 can monitor whether the battery pack 10 has completed charging, and send a charging completion message to the electric vehicle EV when charging completion is detected. As an example, when the charging current in the constant current charging phase decreases to a predetermined cutoff current, the controller 230 can determine that the charging of the battery pack 10 has been completed. The completion of charging of the battery pack 10 can indicate that the battery pack 10 is fully charged.

[0059] The controller 230 may have a memory device. This memory device may include at least one type of storage medium selected from flash memory, hard disk drive, solid-state drive (SSD), silicon disk drive (SDD), micro multimedia card, random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or programmable read-only memory (PROM). The memory device may store data and programs required for the operation of the controller 230. The memory device may also store data indicating the results of the controller 230's operations.

[0060] An electric vehicle (EV) may include a charging port EP, a battery pack 10 (referred to as a "vehicle battery"), a relay 20, a vehicle controller 2, a power converter 30, an electrical load 40, and a battery management system 100. An electric vehicle (EV) may also include peripheral devices 50.

[0061] The charging port EP can be coupled to one end of the vehicle power lines EL1 and EL2, and one end of the vehicle communication cable EC. The other end of the vehicle communication cable EC can be coupled to the vehicle controller 2.

[0062] When the charging port EP is connected to the charging port CP, the battery management system 100 can send a request related to charging operation to the charging station CS via the vehicle controller 2 through the vehicle communication cable EC, or receive a command related to charging operation from the charging station CS.

[0063] The battery pack 10 includes at least one battery block, a first battery pack terminal PT1, and a second battery pack terminal PT2. Figure 1 The battery pack 10 includes multiple battery blocks BB1~BB1. N (N is a natural number of 2 or greater).

[0064] In this manual, multiple battery blocks BB1~BB N In the shared descriptions, the symbol "BB" or "BB" will be used. k "Attached to the battery pack. k is a natural number equal to or less than N."

[0065] Multiple battery blocks BB1~BB N Each battery cell in the battery pack 10 can be connected individually or in series with at least one other battery cell between the first battery pack terminal PT1 and the second battery pack terminal PT2.

[0066] A battery block BB may include at least one battery module BM. When a battery block BB includes multiple battery modules BM, the multiple battery modules BM may be connected in series, in parallel, or both.

[0067] A battery module (BM) may include two or more individual battery cells. Figure 2 The term "BC" refers to a component of a battery module (BB) and can be used interchangeably with the terms "cell unit," "cell group," "cell array," or "cell assembly." When a battery module BB comprises multiple battery cells BC, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or both.

[0068] In one embodiment, the battery module BM may include a module housing that accommodates a single battery cell BC. In this case, the battery module BM can be physically separated from another battery module BM through the module housing, and can be individually housed or separated within the housing of the battery pack 10.

[0069] In another embodiment, the battery module BM can be directly housed within the housing of the battery pack 10 without a module housing. That is, considering the layout of the battery pack 10 or the circuitry with the battery management system 100, the battery module BM can include each individual battery cell BC directly housed within the battery pack 10, or a group of two or more battery cells BC formed by randomly or according to specific criteria grouping the battery cells BC. In this case, since the battery cells BC are directly housed within the housing without a module housing, the battery pack can have a cell-to-pack (CTP) structure.

[0070] In this specification, a battery cell BC refers to a single basic unit of an electrical storage device capable of being charged and discharged, and is not limited to a specific type, and may include, for example, any rechargeable battery or cell, such as a lithium-ion cell.

[0071] Relay 20 is installed on power lines EL1 and EL2 that connect the battery pack terminals PT1 and PT2 of battery pack 10 to the vehicle charging / discharging terminals ET1 and ET2 of electric vehicle EV. Figure 1 The diagram shows a relay 20 connected between the positive terminal of the battery pack 10 and battery pack terminal PT1, but the electric vehicle EV may also include an additional relay 20 connected between the negative terminal of the battery pack 10 and battery pack terminal PT2. The relay 20 is controlled to turn on / off in response to a switching signal from the battery management system 100 or the vehicle controller 2. According to embodiments of this disclosure, the relay 20 may include a mechanical contactor that is turned on / off by the magnetic force of a coil, or a semiconductor switch such as a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET).

[0072] During the charging of battery pack 10, relay 20 can be controlled to be in the ON state by battery management system 100 or vehicle controller 2.

[0073] The battery management system 100 includes a sensing unit 110 and a control unit 120. The battery management system 100 may also include a communication unit 130.

[0074] The sensing unit 110 generates multiple battery blocks BB1~BB1 that indicate the battery pack 10. N The state data for each state in the table.

[0075] The sensing unit 110 can periodically or non-periodically measure multiple battery blocks BB1~BB2. N Each of the measured battery parameters is measured and at least one battery parameter is measured, and state data indicating the state of each of the measured battery parameters is provided to the control unit 120.

[0076] Battery Block BB k The battery parameters can indicate the battery pack BB k The temperature (referred to as "block temperature"), the cell voltage of each battery cell BC included in the battery block BB, or at least one secondary parameter (e.g., amount of change, rate of change) that can be obtained by applying mathematical functions. In addition, state parameters are not limited to a specific type and may include direct or indirect indicators of the battery block BB. k Any type of battery parameter at abnormal levels.

[0077] Current sensor A is mounted on at least one of a pair of vehicle power lines EL1, EL2, and measures the current flowing through battery pack 10. Current sensor A may be included in sensing unit 110.

[0078] The control unit 120 may be implemented in hardware using at least one of the following: application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), digital signal processing device (DSPD), programmable logic device (PLD), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), microprocessor, or electrical unit for performing other functions.

[0079] The control unit 120 is operatively coupled to the sensing unit 110 and the communication unit 130. In this document, "operatively coupled" means being connected to allow unidirectional or bidirectional signal transmission and reception.

[0080] The control unit 120 may have a memory device. This memory device may include at least one type of storage medium selected from flash memory, hard disk, solid-state drive (SSD), silicon disk drive (SDD), micro multimedia card, random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or programmable read-only memory (PROM). The memory device may store instructions, data, and / or programs required for the operation of the control unit 120. The memory device may also store instructions for the operation of the control unit 120 (e.g., according to…). Figure 3 and Figure 8 The data represents the result of at least one step of a battery management method (at least one of the methods in the battery management system 100). The control unit 120 may be a separate device that can be manufactured, used, and / or sold independently of other components of the battery management system 100, and may be referred to as a "battery controller".

[0081] The control unit 120 can collect multiple battery blocks BB1~BB1 received from the sensing unit 110. N The status data of each of the battery cells is used to generate first monitoring information associated with the status of the battery pack 10. The first monitoring information can be multiple battery cells BB1~BB2. N The collection of state data for each of the multiple battery blocks BB1~BB2. N The information is obtained by processing the state data of each element.

[0082] The control unit 120 can detect abnormalities in the battery pack 10 based on the first monitoring information. Detecting abnormalities in the battery pack 10 can mean detecting multiple battery cells BB1~BB2. N An anomaly occurs in at least one of the battery blocks BB1~BB2. N When at least one of the components is diagnosed as abnormal, the control unit is configured to perform at least one safety operation on the battery pack 10. This safety operation may include shutting off the relay 20, downscaling the charging current, or reducing the charging voltage.

[0083] The power converter 30 may include at least one of a direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC) inverter or a DC-DC converter. The power converter 30 can convert DC power (discharge power) from the battery pack 10 into AC power and supply it to the electrical load 40. The electrical load 40 may include a three-phase AC motor that generates kinetic energy for the driving of an electric vehicle (EV).

[0084] The control unit 120 can determine the multiple battery blocks BB1~BB based on the first monitoring information. N Each of them is determined to have a State of Charge (SOC) and then further determined to have a State of Health (SOH).

[0085] The State of Charge (SOC) of a battery block (BB) is the ratio of its remaining capacity to its maximum capacity (Full Charge Capacity (FCC)), and is typically expressed in a range of 0 to 100% or 0 to 1. Remaining capacity indicates the amount of charge currently stored in the battery block (BB).

[0086] The State of Charge (SOH) of a battery block (BB) is the ratio of its maximum capacity to its design capacity, and is typically expressed as a range of 0 to 100% or 0 to 1. The design capacity represents the maximum amount of charge a battery block can store when it is new. As the battery block degrades, the maximum capacity gradually decreases from the design capacity. Each of SOC and SOH can be estimated based on one or a combination of two or more known techniques, and their detailed descriptions are omitted.

[0087] The control unit 120 can be based on multiple battery blocks BB1~BB1. N The SOC of battery pack 10 is determined by the SOC of at least one of the battery cells BB1~BB2. As an example, the SOC of battery pack 10 can be determined to be equal to the SOC of the plurality of battery cells BB1~BB2. N The maximum or minimum SOC. As another example, the SOC of battery pack 10 can be determined to be equal to the SOC of multiple battery blocks BB1~BB2. N The average SOC of two or more battery blocks in the battery pack.

[0088] The control unit 120 can be based on multiple battery blocks BB1~BB1. N The SOH of battery pack 10 is determined by the SOH of at least one of the battery cells BB1~BB2. As an example, the SOH of battery pack 10 can be determined to be equal to the SOH of multiple battery cells BB1~BB2. N The maximum or minimum SOH. As another example, the SOH of battery pack 10 can be determined to be equal to the maximum or minimum SOH of multiple battery blocks BB1~BB2. N The average SOH of two or more battery blocks in the cell.

[0089] The communication unit 130 includes at least one communication circuit to support wired or wireless communication between the control unit 120 and the vehicle controller 2 and / or peripheral devices 50. Wired communication may include, for example, Controller Area Network (CAN) communication, and wireless communication may include, for example, ZigBee or Bluetooth communication. The communication protocol is not limited to the examples listed above and may include any type of communication protocol that supports wired or wireless communication.

[0090] The control unit 120 can identify that the battery pack 10 is fully charged in response to the communication unit 130 receiving a charging completion message from the charging station CS. Alternatively, the control unit 120 can determine that the battery pack 10 is fully charged when the charging current measured by the current sensor A decreases to a predetermined cutoff current.

[0091] Peripheral device 50 may include vehicle sensors to measure at least one parameter (e.g., vehicle speed) related to the state of the electric vehicle EV. Peripheral device 50 may include output devices (e.g., displays, speakers) to provide information received from control unit 120 and / or vehicle controller 2 in a recognizable format. Peripheral device 50 may operate using DC or AC power supplied from power converter 30.

[0092] although Figure 1 The battery pack 10 and the battery management system 100 are shown to be physically independent of each other, but the battery management system 100 can be connected to multiple battery blocks BB1~BB2. N The same method is used to include components in battery pack 10.

[0093] Figure 2 In describing Figure 1 The diagram shown is an example of the connection relationship between the battery pack and the sensing unit. For ease of description, the following... Figure 2 The battery block BB shown k The description can be applied to multiple battery blocks BB1~BB N .

[0094] refer to Figure 2 The sensing unit 110 includes components supplied to the battery block BB. k SB sensing circuit k Therefore, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the sensing unit 110 may include multiple sensing circuits SB1~SB1. N .

[0095] Sensing circuit SB k It includes a temperature sensor TS, and may also include a voltage detection circuit VS.

[0096] Temperature sensor TS is attached to battery block BB k The outer surface or mounted on the battery block BB k At the designated location, to measure the battery block BB k The temperature of the battery block (i.e., the block temperature). The temperature sensor TS can generate an indicator value for the battery block BB. k The temperature signal of the temperature sensor TS is collected by the control unit 120.

[0097] The voltage detection circuit VS includes at least one voltage sensor. The voltage detection circuit VS can measure voltages across the battery pack BB. k The module voltage at both ends. The voltage detection circuit VS can measure the voltage across the battery cell BB. k The voltage across each individual battery cell (BC) is measured. The voltage detection circuit VS generates an indicator value for the battery block BB. k The control unit 120 can collect the voltage signals of the module voltage and / or the individual cell voltage of each battery cell BC, and the control unit 120 can collect the voltage signal of the voltage detection circuit VS.

[0098] Sensing circuit SB k It can be referred to as the "kth slave unit", and the control unit 120 can be referred to as the "master unit".

[0099] The energy consumed by the battery management system 100 can be generated from multiple battery cells BB1~BB1 in the battery pack 10. N At least one of the supplies in the battery pack 10. When the electric vehicle EV is connected to the charger 210 of the charging station CS, the energy supply to the battery pack 10 can be made through the charger 210, and the amount is the same as the energy consumption of the battery management system 100. Therefore, as described below, even if the control unit 120 is frequently woken up, excessive SOC reduction of the battery pack 10 can be prevented.

[0100] While the fully charged battery pack 10 of the electric vehicle EV remains connected to the charging station (CS) (while the vehicle is parked), the control unit 120 can operate alternately in sleep mode (power saving mode) and wake-up mode (non-power saving mode).

[0101] While in sleep mode, the control unit 120 can disable the battery parameter collection function using the sensing unit 110 and wait for a previously set wake-up time. As an example, the latest wake-up time can be recorded in the built-in electronic timer of the control unit 120, and when the wake-up time arrives, the electronic timer can generate a trigger signal to force the control unit 120 to wake up.

[0102] While in wake-up mode, the control unit 120 uses multiple sensing circuits SB1~SB1. N At least one of the collected battery parameters is used to generate first monitoring information associated with the state of battery pack 10, and the wake-up time is reset based on the first monitoring information. Resetting the wake-up time may mean setting the next wake-up time. When the wake-up time is reset, the control unit 120 can switch from wake-up mode to sleep mode.

[0103] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery management method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3The method can be performed under the condition that the charging of the battery pack 10 is completed in an electric vehicle EV that is connected to the charger 210 of the charging station CS.

[0104] refer to Figures 1 to 3 In step S310, the control unit 120 sets the initial wake-up time and switches from wake-up mode to sleep mode. The initial wake-up time can be a predetermined reference sleep time (e.g., 5 minutes) elapsed since the completion of charging of the battery pack 10 is detected. The setting of the initial wake-up time is performed once for each charging event of the electric vehicle EV.

[0105] In step S320, the control unit 120 switches from sleep mode to wake-up mode in response to the arrival of a previously set wake-up time while in sleep mode. The control unit 120 can switch from sleep mode to wake-up mode by a trigger signal generated by its built-in electronic timer.

[0106] The first execution is performed after the charging of battery pack 10 is detected as complete. Figure 3 In this method, the "previously set wake-up time" in step S320 indicates the "initial wake-up time" in step S310. In contrast, this is performed after the battery pack 10 has been identified as having completed charging. Figure 3 When the method is used once or multiple times, the "previously set wake-up time" in step S320 indicates the execution in the previous loop. Figure 3 The "next wake-up time" in step S340 of the method.

[0107] In step S330, the control unit 120 generates first monitoring information associated with the state of the battery pack 10 in wake-up mode. The first monitoring information may be based on one battery parameter or a subset of two or more battery parameters, indicating the status of multiple battery blocks BB1~BB2. N At least one of the states.

[0108] In step S340, the control unit 120 sets the next wake-up time based on the first monitoring information. (Refer to the following...) Figures 4 to 7 Step S340 is described in more detail.

[0109] In step S350, the control unit 120 switches from wake-up mode to sleep mode. After step S350 is completed, Figure 3 The method can return to step S320.

[0110] When preset termination conditions such as disconnection (separation) of the charging connection between the electric vehicle (EV) and the charging station (CS) are met, Figure 3 The method can be completed.

[0111] Figure 4It shows that it can be included Figure 3 The flowchart shows an example of the subroutine in step S340, and Figure 5 In describing Figure 4 The method references the diagram.

[0112] refer to Figure 4 In step S410, the control unit 120 updates the status history information of the battery pack 10 during the duration of charging completion based on the first monitoring information.

[0113] The state history information of battery pack 10 indicates the pattern of change of at least one type of battery parameter (e.g., pack temperature, pack voltage). The pack temperature can be multiple battery cells BB1~BB2. N The temperature of any one of the cell blocks (e.g., the lowest cell temperature, the highest cell temperature) or multiple cell blocks BB1~BB N The average block temperature of two or more cells. The group voltage can be multiple cell blocks BB1~BB2. N The block voltage of any one of them (e.g., lowest block voltage, highest block voltage), and multiple battery blocks BB1~BB N The average block voltage of two or more of the cells, or multiple battery cells BB1~BB N The total voltage of two or more of them. For reference, due to Figure 3 The method involves the case where charging is complete, and each of the block voltage and group voltage depends on the open-circuit voltage (OCV) of the individual cells included in the block or group.

[0114] In step S420, the control unit 120 sets the next wake-up time by analyzing the status history information updated in step S410. Step S420 may include steps S422, S424, S426, and S428.

[0115] In step S422, the control unit 120 determines whether the status history information updated in step S410 indicates an abnormal pattern. If the value of step S422 is "yes," step S424 can be executed. If the value of step S422 is "no," step S428 can be executed. As an example, when a rate of change (e.g., derivative) outside a predetermined range is detected in a change pattern of a specific battery parameter in the status history information, the output value of step S422 can be "yes."

[0116] In step S424, the control unit 120 determines the target sleep time corresponding to the abnormality level of the abnormality pattern. For example, when the rate of change in a specific battery parameter variation pattern is greater than the upper limit of a predetermined range, it can be determined that the abnormality level has a predetermined positive correlation with the difference between the rate of change and the upper limit. As another example, when the rate of change in a specific battery parameter variation pattern is less than the lower limit of a predetermined range, it can be determined that the abnormality level has a predetermined positive correlation with the difference between the rate of change and the lower limit. The abnormality level and its corresponding target sleep time can have a predetermined negative correlation. That is, the higher the abnormality level, the earlier the next wake-up time. For example, as the abnormality level increases, the target sleep time can decrease linearly or gradually.

[0117] Figure 5 This is a two-dimensional graphical representation of the sleep time graph 500, which serves as an example of the negative correlation used in step S424. The sleep time graph 500 can be pre-stored in the memory device of the control unit 120.

[0118] According to sleep time graph 500, as the abnormality level gets closer to the predetermined threshold level F, the target sleep time decreases from the reference sleep time t. SR Reduce. When the abnormality level is equal to or greater than the threshold level F, the target sleep time can be maintained at the predetermined minimum sleep time t. L When the abnormality level is equal to or greater than the threshold level F, the control unit 120 can use the communication unit 130 to send a message to the peripheral device 50 and / or the charging station CS notifying the battery pack 10 that it is at risk.

[0119] In step S426, the control unit 120 sets the next wake-up time based on the target sleep time determined in step S424. As an example, the next wake-up time can be set to be equal to the time later than the previously set wake-up time than the target sleep time.

[0120] In step S428, the control unit 120 sets the next wake-up time to be equal to a predetermined reference sleep time t that is later than the previously set wake-up time. SR The target sleep time can be limited to a threshold time, which is preset to be equal to or less than the reference sleep time t. SR .

[0121] Figure 6 It shows that it can be included Figure 3 The flowchart shows another example of the subroutine in step S340, and Figure 7 In describing Figure 6 The method references the diagram.

[0122] refer to Figure 6In step S610, the control unit 120 updates the status history information of the battery pack 10 during the duration of charging completion based on the first monitoring information. Step S610 can be basically the same as step S410.

[0123] In step S620, the control unit 120 sets the next wake-up time by analyzing the updated state history information in step S620. Step S620 may include steps S621 to S626.

[0124] In step S621, the control unit 120 determines whether the status history information updated in step S620 shows an abnormal pattern. Step S621 can be substantially the same as step S422. When the value of step S621 is "yes", step S623 can be executed. When the value of step S621 is "no", step S622 can be executed.

[0125] In step S623, the control unit 120 determines a first target sleep time corresponding to the anomaly level of the anomaly pattern. The anomaly level and its corresponding first target sleep time may have a predetermined negative correlation. Step S623 may be substantially the same as step S424.

[0126] In step S625, the control unit 120 sets the next wake-up time based on the first target sleep time determined in step S623. As an example, the next wake-up time is set to be equal to the time later than the previously set wake-up time than the first target sleep time. Step S625 can be substantially the same as step S426.

[0127] In step S622, the control unit 120 counts the duration of charging completion. The duration of charging completion can be the time interval between the time when charging completion is first detected (identified) in a specific charging event and the time when step S622 is executed.

[0128] In step S624, the control unit 120 determines a second target sleep time corresponding to the duration counted in step S622. The duration of charging completion and its corresponding second target sleep time may have a predetermined negative correlation.

[0129] Figure 7 This is a two-dimensional graphical representation of the sleep time graph 700, which serves as an example of the negative correlation used in step S624. The sleep time graph 700 can be pre-stored in the memory device of the control unit 120.

[0130] According to sleep time chart 700, the second target sleep time can be maintained at the reference sleep time t. SR Until the charging time reaches the predetermined first time t. C1Subsequently, when the duration of charging completion exceeds the predetermined first time t C1 At that time, the second target sleep time is from the reference sleep time t SR The time decreases. Subsequently, the time until the charging is complete reaches the predetermined second time t. C2 Afterwards, the second target sleep time can be maintained at the predetermined minimum sleep time t. L .

[0131] In step S626, the control unit 120 sets the next wake-up time to be equal to the time that is later than the previously set wake-up time than the second target sleep time determined in step S620.

[0132] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a battery management method according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 The method is Figure 3 A variation of the method, and in accordance with Figure 3 The same method can be used in an electric vehicle (EV) where the charger 210 connected to the charging station CS is identified as having completed charging of the battery pack 10.

[0133] refer to Figure 8 In step S810, the control unit 120 sets the initial wake-up time and switches from wake-up mode to sleep mode. Step S810 is basically the same as step S310.

[0134] In step S820, the control unit 120 switches from sleep mode to wake-up mode in response to the arrival of a previously set wake-up time while in sleep mode. Step S820 is essentially the same as step S320.

[0135] In step S830, the control unit 120 generates first monitoring information associated with the state of the battery pack 10 in wake-up mode. Step S830 is essentially the same as step S330.

[0136] In step S832, the control unit 120 uses the communication unit 130 in wake-up mode to receive second monitoring information associated with the state of the charging station CS.

[0137] In step S840, the control unit 120 sets the next wake-up time based on the first monitoring information and the second monitoring information.

[0138] In step S850, the control unit 120 switches from wake-up mode to sleep mode. After step S850 is completed, Figure 8 The method can return to step S820. Step S850 is basically the same as step S350.

[0139] Figure 9It shows that it can be included Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating an example of a subroutine in step S840.

[0140] refer to Figure 9 In step S910, the control unit 120 determines the abnormal level of the battery pack 10 based on a comparison between the first monitoring information and the second monitoring information.

[0141] As an example, the control unit 120 can calculate the temperature difference between the group temperature in the first monitoring information and the charger temperature in the second monitoring information, and determine the abnormal level of the battery pack 10 by applying a predetermined positive correlation to the temperature difference.

[0142] Since no charging current flows or only a very small amount flows when charging is complete, it is expected that the group temperature and charger temperature will approach ambient temperature as the charging complete state is maintained for a longer period of time.

[0143] However, even though charging is complete, a pack temperature significantly higher than the charger temperature could be a strong indication of an anomaly in battery pack 10. When the anomaly level determined in step S910 is equal to or greater than a threshold level F, control unit 120 may execute at least one safety function. As an example, control unit 120 may use communication unit 130 to send a message to peripheral device 50 and / or charging station CS notifying that battery pack 10 is at risk.

[0144] In step S920, the control unit 120 determines a target sleep time corresponding to the anomaly level determined in step S910. The negative correlation between the anomaly level of the battery pack 10 and the target sleep time can be pre-stored in the memory device of the control unit 120. As an example, it can be used... Figure 5 The sleep time diagram 500 shown is used to determine the target sleep time in step S920.

[0145] In step S930, the control unit 120 sets the next wake-up time to be equal to the time that is later than the previously set wake-up time than the target sleep time determined in step S920.

[0146] Another embodiment of this disclosure may provide a computer-readable medium having a program recorded thereon for causing a computer to execute the embodiments described above.

[0147] The program can be implemented by hardware components, software components, and / or a combination thereof. The program can be executed by any system capable of executing computer-readable instructions.

[0148] Software may include computer programs, code, instructions, or combinations thereof, and may configure a processing device to operate in a desired manner or to instruct the processing device independently or jointly.

[0149] Software can be a computer program comprising instructions stored on a computer-readable storage medium. Computer-readable storage media include, for example, magnetic recording media (e.g., read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), floppy disk, hard disk) and optical reading media (e.g., CD-ROM, Digital Universal Optical Disc (DVD)). Computer-readable storage media can be distributed across computer systems connected via a network, storing and executing computer-readable code in a distributed manner. The recording medium can be read by a computer, stored in memory, and executed by a processor.

[0150] Computer-readable media may be provided in the form of non-transitory storage media. Here, "non-transitory storage media" refers to a tangible device and excludes signals (e.g., electromagnetic waves), and the term encompasses both semi-permanent and temporary data storage on recording media. For example, "non-transitory storage media" may include buffers for temporarily storing data.

[0151] Furthermore, the program can be provided in a manner that includes it within a computer program product. The computer program product can be a product traded between a seller and a buyer.

[0152] Computer program products may include software programs and computer-readable recording media on which the software programs are stored. For example, computer program products may include products in the form of software programs (e.g., downloadable applications) distributed electronically by an electronics manufacturer or electronic marketplace. For electronic distribution, at least a portion of the software program may be stored on a recording medium or temporarily created. In this case, the recording medium may be a server of an electronics manufacturer, a server of an electronic marketplace, or a recording medium of an intermediate server temporarily storing the software program.

[0153] The embodiments of this disclosure described above can be implemented not only by devices and methods, but also by a program that performs functions corresponding to the exemplary configuration of this disclosure or a recording medium on which the program is recorded, and such implementation can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the previously described embodiments.

[0154] Although this disclosure has been described above with reference to specific embodiments and drawings, it is not limited thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various variations and modifications can be made within the scope of the technical aspects of this disclosure and the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0155] Furthermore, since those skilled in the art can make many substitutions, variations and modifications to this disclosure without departing from the technical aspects of this disclosure, this disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and drawings, and some or all of the embodiments can be selectively combined to allow various variations.

Claims

1. A battery management system, comprising: A sensing unit configured to sense the state of the battery pack of an electric vehicle; as well as Control unit The control unit is configured as follows: When the charging of the battery pack is detected as complete in the electric vehicle that remains connected to the charger, an initial wake-up time is set and the system switches from wake-up mode to sleep mode. While in the sleep mode, the system switches from the sleep mode to the wake-up mode in response to the arrival of the wake-up time. In the wake-up mode, first monitoring information associated with the state of the battery pack is generated, and Based on the first monitoring information, the next wake-up time is set and the system switches from the wake-up mode to the sleep mode.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, in, The control unit is also configured to: The initial wake-up time is set to be equal to the time point at which a predetermined reference sleep time has elapsed since the battery pack was identified as having completed charging.

3. The battery management system according to claim 1, in, The control unit is also configured to: Based on the first monitoring information, the status history information of the battery pack during the duration of the charging completion is updated, and The next wake-up time is set by analyzing the state history information.

4. The battery management system according to claim 3, in, The control unit is also configured to: The abnormality level of the battery pack is determined based on the aforementioned historical status information, and The next wake-up time is set based on the target sleep time corresponding to the abnormality level.

5. The battery management system according to claim 1, in, The control unit is also configured to: The duration of the charging completion is counted, and The next wake-up time is further set based on the duration.

6. The battery management system according to claim 1, in, The control unit is also configured to: The next wake-up time is further set based on second monitoring information associated with the state of the charger.

7. The battery management system according to claim 6, in, The control unit is also configured to: The abnormality level of the battery pack is determined based on a comparison between the first monitoring information and the second monitoring information, and The next wake-up time is set based on the target sleep time corresponding to the abnormality level.

8. A battery pack comprising a battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An electric vehicle comprising the battery pack according to claim 8.

10. A battery management method, comprising: When the charging of the battery pack of an electric vehicle that remains connected to the charger is detected as complete, an initial wake-up time is set and the system switches from wake-up mode to sleep mode. While in the sleep mode, the system switches from the sleep mode to the wake-up mode in response to the arrival of the wake-up time; In the wake-up mode, first monitoring information associated with the state of the battery pack is generated; The next wake-up time is set based on the first monitoring information; and After setting the next wake-up time, switch from the wake-up mode to the sleep mode.

11. The battery management method according to claim 10, in, Setting the next wake-up time includes: The battery pack's state history information during the duration of the completed charging period is updated based on the first monitoring information; and The next wake-up time is set by analyzing the state history information.

12. The battery management method according to claim 11, in, Setting the next wake-up time includes: The abnormality level of the battery pack is determined based on the aforementioned historical status information; and The next wake-up time is set based on the target sleep time corresponding to the abnormality level.

13. The battery management method according to claim 10, in, Setting the next wake-up time includes: The duration of the charging completion is counted; and The next wake-up time is further set based on the duration.

14. The battery management method according to claim 10, in, Setting the next wake-up time includes: The next wake-up time is further set based on second monitoring information associated with the state of the charger.

15. The battery management method according to claim 14, in, Setting the next wake-up time includes: The abnormality level of the battery pack is determined based on a comparison between the first monitoring information and the second monitoring information; and The next wake-up time is set based on the target sleep time corresponding to the abnormality level.

16. A computer-readable medium having a program recorded thereon for causing a computer to perform the battery management method according to any one of claims 10 to 15.

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