Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a reception unit that receives a configuration of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for a physical downlink shared channel, and a control unit that determines a plurality of resources of a portion of a plurality of specific resources of an orthogonal cover code based on the configuration, and controls reception of the DMRS using the one or more time resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized with the aim of achieving higher data rates and lower latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was standardized with the aim of further increasing capacity and improving the height of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] The development of successor systems to LTE is also underway (e.g., also known as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), the 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel.15 and later, etc.).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., NR), the use of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) in transmission / reception by terminals (user terminals, user equipment (UE)) is being investigated. DMRS is used for channel estimation on the receiver side.

[0009] However, if DMRS resources increase, the resources available for data will decrease, raising concerns about reduced communication throughput.

[0010] Therefore, one of the purposes of this disclosure is to provide terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations that can reduce DMRS resources.

[0011] Methods for solving problems

[0012] One aspect of this disclosure relates to a terminal comprising: a receiving unit that receives a setting for a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for a physical downlink shared channel; and a control unit that, based on the setting, determines a plurality of resources of a plurality of specific resources of an orthogonal coverage code, and controls the reception of the DMRS using the one or more time resources.

[0013] Invention Effects

[0014] According to one method disclosed herein, DMRS resources can be reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an example of a framework for managing AI models.

[0016] Figure 2 This represents an example of a front-loaded DMRS and an additional DMRS.

[0017] Figure 3A as well as Figure 3B This represents an example of a DMRS for a DMRS mapping type.

[0018] Figure 4A as well as Figure 4B This represents an example of a single-symbol DMRS.

[0019] Figure 5A as well as Figure 5B This represents an example of a two-symbol DMRS.

[0020] Figure 6 This represents an example of a parameter used for PDSCH DMRS setting type 1.

[0021] Figure 7 This represents an example of a parameter used for PDSCH DMRS setting type 2.

[0022] Figure 8 This represents an example of a parameter used for setting type 1 of PUSCH DMRS.

[0023] Figure 9 This represents an example of a parameter used for PUSCH DMRS setting type 2.

[0024] Figure 10A as well as Figure 10B This represents an example of DMRS settings 1 and 2.

[0025] Figure 11A as well as Figure 11B This represents an example of DMRS settings 3 and 4.

[0026] Figure 12A as well as Figure 12B This represents an example of DMRS settings 5 ​​and 6.

[0027] Figure 13A as well as Figure 13B This represents an example of DMRS settings 6 and 7.

[0028] Figure 14A as well as Figure 14B This represents an example of k for the basic DMRS.

[0029] Figure 15 This represents an example of k for enhanced DMRS setting type 1.

[0030] Figure 16 This represents an example of k for enhanced DMRS setting type 2.

[0031] Figure 17 A table representing the PDSCH DMRS positions used in a single symbol DMRS.

[0032] Figure 18 A table representing the PUSCH DMRS position used in a single symbol DMRS.

[0033] Figure 19 A table representing the PDSCH DMRS positions used in dual-symbol DMRS.

[0034] Figure 20 A table representing the PUSCH DMRS position used in dual-symbol DMRS.

[0035] Figure 21A as well as Figure 21B This indicates the FD-OCC of CDM group 0 (ports #1000, #1001) for single-symbol DMRS of enhanced type 1 used for PDSCH DMRS.

[0036] Figure 22A as well as Figure 22B This indicates the FD-OCC of CDM group 0 (ports #1008, #1009) for single-symbol DMRS of enhanced type 1 used for PDSCH DMRS.

[0037] Figure 23A as well as Figure 23B This indicates the FD-OCC of CDM group 1 (ports #1002, #1003) for enhanced type 1 single-symbol DMRS used for PDSCH.

[0038] Figure 24A as well as Figure 24B This indicates the FD-OCC of CDM group 1 (ports #1010, #1011) for single-symbol DMRS of enhanced type 1 DMRS used for PDSCH.

[0039] Figure 25A as well as Figure 25B This refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 0 (ports #1000, #1001) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH.

[0040] Figure 26A as well as Figure 26B This refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 0 (ports #1006, #1007) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH.

[0041] Figure 27A as well as Figure 27B This refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 1 (ports #1002, #1003) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH.

[0042] Figure 28A as well as Figure 28B This refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 1 (ports #1008, #1009) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH.

[0043] Figure 29A as well as Figure 29B This refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 2 (ports #1004, #1005) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH.

[0044] Figure 30A as well as Figure 30BThis refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 2 (ports #1010, #1011) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH.

[0045] Figure 31 This indicates the ratio of PUSCH EPRE to DMRS EPRE.

[0046] Figure 32 This indicates the ratio of PDSCH EPRE to DMRS EPRE.

[0047] Figure 33 This table represents the table corresponding to UE processing capability 1.

[0048] Figure 34 This table represents the table corresponding to UE processing capability 2.

[0049] Figure 35A as well as Figure 35B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 1 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0050] Figure 36A as well as Figure 36B This is an example of a mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 1 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0051] Figure 37A as well as Figure 37B This is an example of the mapping of calculation formula 2 for case 1 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0052] Figure 38A as well as Figure 38B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 3 for case 1 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0053] Figure 39A as well as Figure 39B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 2 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0054] Figure 40A as well as Figure 40B This is an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 2 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0055] Figure 41A as well as Figure 41B This is an example of mapping the calculation formula 2 for case 2 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0056] Figure 42A as well as Figure 42B This is an example of the mapping of calculation formula 3 for case 2 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0057] Figure 43A as well as Figure 43B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 3 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0058] Figure 44A as well as Figure 44B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 3 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0059] Figure 45A as well as Figure 45B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 2 for case 3 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0060] Figure 46A as well as Figure 46B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 4 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0061] Figure 47A as well as Figure 47B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 4 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0062] Figure 48A as well as Figure 48B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 2 for case 4 based on option 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[0063] Figure 49A as well as Figure 49B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 1 based on option 2 of implementation method 1-1.

[0064] Figure 50A as well as Figure 50B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 1 based on option 2 of implementation method 1-1.

[0065] Figure 51A as well as Figure 51B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 2 based on option 2 of implementation method 1-1.

[0066] Figure 52A as well as Figure 52B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 2 based on option 2 of implementation method 1-1.

[0067] Figure 53A as well as Figure 53B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 3 based on option 2 of implementation method 1-1.

[0068] Figure 54A as well as Figure 54BThis represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 3 based on option 2 of implementation method 1-1.

[0069] Figure 55A as well as Figure 55B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 4 based on option 2 of implementation method 1-1.

[0070] Figure 56A as well as Figure 56B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 4 based on option 2 of implementation method 1-1.

[0071] Figure 57A as well as Figure 57B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 1 based on option 3 of implementation method 1-1.

[0072] Figure 58A as well as Figure 58B This is an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 1 based on option 3 of implementation method 1-1.

[0073] Figure 59A as well as Figure 59B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 2 based on option 3 of implementation method 1-1.

[0074] Figure 60A as well as Figure 60B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 2 based on option 3 of implementation method 1-1.

[0075] Figure 61A as well as Figure 61B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 1 based on option 4 of implementation method 1-1.

[0076] Figure 62A as well as Figure 62B This is an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 1 based on option 4 of implementation method 1-1.

[0077] Figure 63A as well as Figure 63B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 2 based on option 4 of implementation method 1-1.

[0078] Figure 64A as well as Figure 64B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 2 based on option 4 of implementation method 1-1.

[0079] Figure 65A as well as Figure 65B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 3 based on option 4 of implementation method 1-1.

[0080] Figure 66A as well as Figure 66B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 3 based on option 4 of implementation method 1-1.

[0081] Figure 67A as well as Figure 67B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 4 based on option 4 of implementation method 1-1.

[0082] Figure 68A as well as Figure 68B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 1 for case 4 based on option 4 of implementation method 1-1.

[0083] Figure 69A as well as Figure 69B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 1 based on option 1 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0084] Figure 70A as well as Figure 70B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 2 based on option 1 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0085] Figure 71A as well as Figure 71B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 3 based on option 1 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0086] Figure 72A as well as Figure 72B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 4 based on option 1 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0087] Figure 73A as well as Figure 73B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 1 based on option 2 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0088] Figure 74A as well as Figure 74B This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 2 based on option 2 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0089] Figure 75 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 3 based on option 2 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0090] Figure 76 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 4 based on option 2 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0091] Figure 77 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 1 based on option 3 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0092] Figure 78This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 2 based on option 3 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0093] Figure 79 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 3 based on option 3 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0094] Figure 80 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 4 based on option 3 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0095] Figure 81 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 1 based on option 4 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0096] Figure 82 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 2 based on option 4 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0097] Figure 83 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 1 based on option 5 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0098] Figure 84 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 2 based on option 5 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0099] Figure 85 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 3 based on option 5 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0100] Figure 86 This represents an example of the mapping of calculation formula 0 for case 4 based on option 5 of implementation methods 1-2.

[0101] Figure 87 This represents an example of case 1 / 2 of option 1 in implementation methods 1-3.

[0102] Figure 88 This represents an example of case 3 / 4 of option 1 in implementation methods 1-3.

[0103] Figure 89 This is an example of DMRS setting type 1 for option 2 in implementation methods 1-3.

[0104] Figure 90 This is an example of DMRS setting type 2 for option 2 in implementation methods 1-3.

[0105] Figure 91A as well as Figure 91B This represents an example of implementation methods 1-5.

[0106] Figure 92A as well as Figure 92B This represents an example of implementation method 2-0.

[0107] Figure 93A as well as Figure 93B This represents an example of implementation method 2-1.

[0108] Figure 94 This is an example of a table containing the DMRS position for the single symbol DMRS used in PDSCH, representing implementation 2-1.

[0109] Figure 95 This is an example of a table containing the DMRS position for the dual-symbol DMRS used in PDSCH, representing implementation 2-1.

[0110] Figure 96A as well as Figure 96B This represents an example of implementation method 2-2.

[0111] Figure 97 This is an example of a table containing the DMRS position for the single symbol DMRS used in PDSCH, representing implementation 2-2.

[0112] Figure 98 An example of the process of Example 1 of Implementation Method 3-1.

[0113] Figure 99 This represents an example of the modified OCC in Example 1 of Implementation Method 3-1.

[0114] Figure 100 An example of the process of Example 2 of Implementation Method 3-1.

[0115] Figure 101 This represents an example of the modified OCC in Example 2 of Implementation Method 3-1.

[0116] Figure 102 Example 3 of implementation method 3-1.

[0117] Figure 103 Example 4 represents implementation method 3-1.

[0118] Figure 104 This is an example of a table showing the CDM settings for PDSCH using DMRS setting type 1, as described in Example 1 of Implementation 3-2.

[0119] Figure 105 This is an example of a table showing the CDM settings for PDSCH using DMRS setting type 2, as described in Example 1 of Implementation Method 3-2.

[0120] Figure 106 An example of the process of Example 2 of Implementation Method 3-2.

[0121] Figure 107 This represents an example of the modified OCC in Example 2 of Implementation Method 3-2.

[0122] Figure 108 This is an example of Example 1 of Implementation Method 3-3.

[0123] Figure 109 This is an example of Example 2 of Implementation Method 3-3.

[0124] Figure 110 Example 3 represents implementation method 3-3.

[0125] Figure 111 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.

[0126] Figure 112 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0127] Figure 113 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0128] Figure 114 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0129] Figure 115 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0130] (Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology to wireless communication)

[0131] Regarding future wireless communication technologies, research is underway on the flexible application of AI technologies such as Machine Learning (ML) in the control and management of networks / devices.

[0132] For example, to improve Channel State Information (CSI) feedback (e.g., reduced overhead, improved accuracy, prediction), improve beam management (e.g., improved accuracy, prediction in the time / spatial domain), and improve location measurement (e.g., improved location estimation / prediction), research is underway on the flexible application of AI technologies by terminals (user terminals, user equipment (UE)) / base stations (BS).

[0133] AI models can also output at least one of the following information based on the input information: estimated value, predicted value, selected operation, classification, etc. UE / BS can also input channel state information, reference signal measurements, etc., into the AI ​​model and output high-precision channel state information / measurements / beam selection / location, future channel state information / wireless link quality, etc.

[0134] Additionally, in this disclosure, AI can also be rewritten as an object (also referred to as an object, subject, data, function, program, etc.) having at least one of the following characteristics.

[0135] • Estimation based on observed or collected information.

[0136] • Selection based on the observed or collected information.

[0137] • Predictions based on observed or collected information.

[0138] In this disclosure, estimation, prediction, and inference can be rewritten interchangeably. Furthermore, in this disclosure, making an estimate, making a prediction, and inferring can also be rewritten interchangeably.

[0139] In this disclosure, the object may be, for example, a device or apparatus such as a UE or BS. Furthermore, in this disclosure, the object may also correspond to a program / model / entity that operates within that device.

[0140] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the AI ​​model can also be rewritten as an object having at least one of the following characteristics.

[0141] • Generate estimates by providing information.

[0142] • By providing information, predict estimated values.

[0143] • Discover features by providing information.

[0144] • By providing information, select an action.

[0145] Furthermore, in this disclosure, AI model can also refer to a data-driven algorithm that uses AI technology to generate a set of outputs based on a set of inputs.

[0146] Furthermore, in this disclosure, AI models, models, ML models, predictive analytics, predictive analytics models, tools, autoencoders, encoders, decoders, neural network models, AI algorithms, schemes, etc., can be rewritten interchangeably. Additionally, AI models can be derived using at least one of regression analysis (e.g., linear regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, logistic regression analysis), support vector machines, random forests, neural networks, deep learning, etc.

[0147] In this disclosure, the training methods for AI models can also include supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, federated learning, etc. Supervised learning can also refer to training the model based on inputs and corresponding labels. Unsupervised learning can also refer to training the model using unlabeled data. Reinforcement learning can also refer to training the model in an interactive environment based on inputs (in other words, states) and feedback signals (in other words, rewards) generated from the model's outputs (in other words, actions).

[0148] In this disclosure, the terms "generation," "computation," and "derivation" can be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, the terms "implementation," "running," "operation," and "execution" can also be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, the terms "training," "learning," "updating," and "retraining" can also be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, the terms "inference," "after-training," "formal utilization," and "actual utilization" can also be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, "signal" can also be rewritten interchangeably with "signal / channel."

[0149] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a framework for managing an AI model. In this example, the stages associated with the AI ​​model are represented by blocks. This example also represents the lifecycle management (LCM) of an AI model.

[0150] The data collection phase corresponds to the phase of collecting data for the generation / updating of AI models. The data collection phase may also include data preparation (e.g., deciding which data to migrate for model training / inference), data migration (e.g., migrating data to entities performing model training / inference (e.g., UE, gNB), etc.).

[0151] Additionally, data collection can also refer to the processing of data collected by network nodes, management entities, or UEs for the purpose of AI model training / data analysis / inference. In this disclosure, processing and procedures can also be rewritten interchangeably. Furthermore, in this disclosure, collection can also refer to the acquisition of datasets (e.g., those usable as inputs / outputs) for AI model training / inference based on measurements (channel measurements, beam measurements, wireless link quality measurements, location estimation, etc.).

[0152] In this disclosure, offline field data can also refer to data collected from the field (real world) and used for offline training of AI models. Furthermore, in this disclosure, online field data can also refer to data collected from the field (real world) and used for online training of AI models.

[0153] In the model training phase, the model is trained based on the data transferred from the collection phase (training data). This phase may also include data preparation (e.g., implementation of data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, transformation, etc.), model training / validation (validation), model testing (e.g., confirming whether the trained model meets performance thresholds), model exchange (e.g., migration of models for distributed learning), model deployment / update (deploying / updating the model to entities performing model inference), etc.

[0154] In addition, AI model training can also refer to the processing of a trained AI model that is trained using data-driven methods to obtain a model for inference.

[0155] Furthermore, AI model validation can also refer to a training subprocess used to evaluate the quality of an AI model using a dataset different from the dataset used in model training. This subprocess helps to select model parameters that generalize beyond the dataset used in model training.

[0156] Furthermore, AI model testing can also refer to the training subprocess that evaluates the performance of the final AI model using a different dataset than that used in model training / validation. Additionally, unlike validation, testing can be conducted without subsequent model tuning.

[0157] In the model inference phase, model inference is performed based on the data transferred from the collection phase (inference data). This phase may also include data preparation (e.g., implementation of data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, transformation, etc.), model inference, model monitoring (e.g., monitoring the performance of model inference), model performance feedback (providing model performance feedback to the entities used for model training), and output (providing the model's output to the actors).

[0158] Additionally, AI model inference can also refer to the process of using a trained AI model to generate a set of outputs based on a set of inputs.

[0159] Furthermore, a UE-side model can also refer to an AI model in which the inference is implemented entirely within the UE. Similarly, a network-side model can refer to an AI model in which the inference is implemented entirely within the network (e.g., gNB).

[0160] Furthermore, a one-sided model can also refer to a UE-side model or a network-side model. A two-sided model can also refer to a pair of AI models performing joint inference. Here, joint inference can also include AI inference performed jointly across the UE and the network; for example, the first part of the inference can be performed by the UE first, and the remaining part by the gNB (or vice versa).

[0161] In addition, AI model monitoring can also refer to the processing used to monitor the inference performance of AI models, and can be interchanged with model performance monitoring, performance monitoring, etc.

[0162] Additionally, model registration can also mean assigning a version identifier to a model and enabling it to execute (register) by compiling it into specific hardware used during the inference phase. Furthermore, model deployment can also mean distributing a fully developed and tested runtime image (or execution environment image) of the model to the target where inference is implemented (e.g., UE / gNB) (or activating it on that target).

[0163] The actor phase can also include action triggers (e.g., deciding whether to trigger an action on other entities), feedback (e.g., providing information needed for training data / inference data / performance feedback), etc.

[0164] Furthermore, training models for mobility optimization, for example, can also be performed within the network (NW) through operations, administration, and maintenance (OAM) or gNodeB (gNB). In the former case, interoperability, large-capacity storage, operator manageability, and model flexibility (feature engineering, etc.) are advantageous. In the latter case, it is advantageous in terms of latency (no need for model updates) and data exchange for model decompression. Inference for the aforementioned models can also be performed, for example, within the gNB.

[0165] Additionally, model activation can also refer to activating an AI model for a specific function. Model deactivation can also refer to deactivating an AI model for a specific function. Model switching can also refer to deactivating the currently activated AI model for a specific function and activating a different AI model.

[0166] Furthermore, model transfer can also refer to the distribution of an AI model over the air interface. This distribution may include distributing one or both of the following: parameters of a model structure known on the receiving side, or a new model with parameters. Additionally, the distribution may include a complete model or a portion of the model. Model download can also refer to model migration from the network to the UE. Model upload can also refer to model migration from the UE to the network.

[0167] (DMRS)

[0168] The front-loaded demodulation reference signal (DMRS) is the initial (first symbol or the first nearby symbol) DMRS used for faster demodulation. Figure 2 For high-speed mobile terminals (terminals, user terminals, user equipment (UE)) or high modulation and coding schemes (MCS) / ranks, {0, 1, 2, 3} additional DMRSs can be set via RRC. The frequency positions of the additional DMRSs are the same as those of the pre-set DMRSs.

[0169] For the time domain, set the DMRS mapping type to A or B.

[0170] ◆In DMRS mapping type A, DMRS position l_0 is counted using the symbol index within the time slot ( Figure 3A l_0 is set via the parameter (dmrs-TypeA-Position) in the MIB or ServingCellConfigCommon. DMRS position 0 (reference point l) refers to the initial symbol of the time slot or each frequency hopping.

[0171] ◆In DMRS mapping type B, DMRS position l_0 is counted using the symbol index within PDSCH / PUSCH ( Figure 3B l_0 is always 0. DMRS position 0 (reference point l) means the initial symbol of PDSCH / PUSCH or each frequency hopping.

[0172] The location of DMRS is specified by a standard table, depending on the duration l_d of PDSCH / PUSCH. The location of additional DMRS is fixed.

[0173] ◆In DMRS mapping type A, the duration l_d of PDSCH / PUSCH is from the first symbol of the time slot to the last symbol of the scheduled PDSCH / PUSCH.

[0174] ◆In DMRS mapping type B, the duration l_d of PDSCH / PUSCH is from the first symbol of the scheduled PDSCH / PUSCH to the last symbol of the scheduled PDSCH / PUSCH.

[0175] For the frequency domain, set the (PDSCH / PUSCH) DMRS setting type 1 or 2.

[0176] ◆DMRS setting type 1 has a comb structure and can be applied to both CP-OFDM (transport precoding=disabled) and DFT-S-OFDM (transport precoding=enabled). The smallest RE (subcarrier) group in the frequency domain is one RE. Figure 4A This is an example of DMRS setting type 1 for single-symbol DMRS.

[0177] ◆DMRS setting type 2 can only be applied to CP-OFDM. The minimum RE group in the frequency domain is 2 consecutive REs. Figure 4B This is an example of DMRS setting type 2 for single-symbol DMRS.

[0178] Configure single-symbol DMRS or dual-symbol DMRS.

[0179] ◆Single-symbol DMRS is typically used (mandatory in Rel.15). In single-symbol DMRS, the number of appended DMRS symbols is {0, 1, 2, 3}. Single-symbol DMRS supports both enabled and disabled frequency hopping. Single-symbol DMRS is used if the maximum length in the uplink DMRS configuration (DMRS-UplinkConfig) is not set. In DMRS configuration type 1, DMRS is configured to one RE for every two consecutive REs in the frequency domain (as mentioned above). Figure 4A In DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS is configured to 2 consecutive REs for every 6 consecutive REs in the frequency domain (as mentioned above). Figure 4B ).

[0180] ◆ Dual-symbol DMRS is used to accommodate more DMRS ports, especially in Multi-User Multi-Input Multi-Output (MU-MIMO) scenarios. In dual-symbol DMRS, the number of appended DMRS (symbols) is {0,1}. Dual-symbol DMRS supports scenarios where frequency hopping is disabled. If the maximum length (maxLength) in the uplink DMRS configuration (DMRS-UplinkConfig) is 2 (len2), the choice between single-symbol and dual-symbol DMRS is determined by DCI or a configured grant. DMRS is configured on one RE for every two consecutive REs in the frequency domain. Figure 5AThis is an example of DMRS configuration type 1 for dual-symbol DMRS. In DMRS configuration type 2, DMRS is configured for 2 consecutive REs for every 6 consecutive REs in the frequency domain. Figure 5B This is an example of DMRS setting type 2 representing dual-symbol DMRS.

[0181] To add DMRS (in the time domain), the DMRS position is set via the higher-level parameter dmrs-AdditionalPosition.

[0182] ◆For example, in the case of a single symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type A, and dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos0, the DMRS position is l_0. For example, in the case of a single symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type A, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos1, and l_d=10, the DMRS position is l_0, 9. For example, in the case of a single symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type A, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos3, and l_d=12, the DMRS position is l_0, 5, 8, 11. For example, in the case of a single symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type B, and dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos0, the DMRS position is l_0. For example, in the case of a single symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type B, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos3, and l_d=7, the DMRS position is l_0, 4.

[0183] ◆For example, in the case of dual-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type A, and dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos0, the DMRS position is l_0. For example, in the case of dual-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type A, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos1, and l_d=10, the DMRS position is l_0, 8. For example, in the case of dual-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type B, and dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos0, the DMRS position is l_0. For example, in the case of dual-symbol DMRS, DMRS mapping type B, dmrs-AdditionalPosition=pos1, and l_d=10, the DMRS position is l_0, 7.

[0184] Multiple DMRS ports that are mapped to the same resource element (RE), time, and frequency resources are called DMRS code division multiplexing (CDM) groups.

[0185] Compared to the basic DMRS in Rel.15, Enhanced DMRS was introduced in Rel.18. Enhanced DMRS is set through the high-level parameter dmrs-TypeEnh.

[0186] For the DMRS port, the following parameters exist.

[0187] ◆OCC Type: In the OCC used for PDSCH, a Walsh matrix is ​​used. In the OCC used for PUSCH, a cyclic shift is used.

[0188] ◆FD-OCC: As two FD-OCCs used for the basic DMRS, W_f(0) to W_f(1) are used. As four FD-OCCs used for the enhanced DMRS, W_f(0) to W_f(3) are used.

[0189] ◆TD-OCC: As two TD-OCCs used for dual-symbol DMRS, W_t(0) to W_t(1) are used.

[0190] The tables for parameters used in DMRS include either PDSCH DMRS port p or PUSCH DMRS port p. ～ CDM group λ, Δ related to frequency offset, FD-OCC W f (k'), TD-OCC W t (l').

[0191] ◆ Figure 6 Table D1-1 shows an example of parameters used for PDSCH DMRS setting type 1. Basic type 1 single-symbol DMRS uses ports 1000 to 1003. Basic type 1 dual-symbol DMRS uses ports 1000 to 1007. Enhanced type 1 single-symbol DMRS uses ports 1000 to 1003 and 1008 to 1011. Enhanced type 1 dual-symbol DMRS uses ports 1000 to 1015.

[0192] ◆ Figure 7 The table D1-2 shown represents an example of parameters used for PDSCH DMRS setting type 2.

[0193] ◆ Figure 8 The table U1-1 shown represents an example of parameters used for PUSCH DMRS setting type 1.

[0194] ◆ Figure 9 The table U1-2 shown represents an example of parameters used for PUSCH DMRS setting type 2.

[0195] The following settings can be configured for DMRS.

[0196] ◆Setting 1: Basic DMRS, Setting Type 1, Single-Code DMRS

[0197] A maximum of four DMRS ports can be utilized through two CDM groups of FDM and two FD-OCCs (length 2). Figure 10A ).

[0198] ◆Setting 2: Basic DMRS, Setting Type 1, Dual-Code DMRS

[0199] A maximum of 8 DMRS ports can be utilized by using 2 CDM groups of FDM, 2 FD-OCCs (length 2), and 2 TD-OCCs (length 2). Figure 10B ).

[0200] ◆Setting 3: Basic DMRS, Setting Type 2, Single-Code DMRS

[0201] A maximum of 6 DMRS ports can be utilized through 3 CDM groups of FDM and 2 FD-OCCs (length 2). Figure 11A ).

[0202] ◆Setting 4: Basic DMRS, Setting Type 2, Dual-Code DMRS

[0203] A maximum of 12 DMRS ports can be utilized by using 3 CDM groups of FDM, 2 FD-OCCs (length 2), and 2 TD-OCCs (length 2). Figure 11B ).

[0204] ◆Setting 5: Enhanced DMRS, Setting Type 1, Single-Code DMRS

[0205] A maximum of 8 DMRS ports can be utilized through 2 CDM groups of FDM and 4 FD-OCCs (length 4). Figure 12A ).

[0206] ◆Setting 6: Enhanced DMRS, Setting Type 1, Dual-Code DMRS

[0207] A maximum of 16 DMRS ports can be utilized through 2 CDM groups of FDM, 4 FD-OCCs (length 4), and 2 TD-OCCs (length 2). Figure 12B ).

[0208] ◆Setting 7: Enhanced DMRS, Setting Type 2, Single-code DMRS

[0209] A maximum of 12 DMRS ports can be utilized through 3 CDM groups of FDM and 4 FD-OCCs (length 4). Figure 13A ).

[0210] ◆Setting 8: Enhanced DMRS, Setting Type 2, Dual-Code DMRS

[0211] A maximum of 24 DMRS ports can be utilized through 3 CDM groups of FDM, 4 FD-OCCs (length 4), and 2 TD-OCCs (length 2). Figure 13B ).

[0212] In this disclosure, existing DMRS, existing DMRS functions, existing DMRS types, existing DMRS setting types, dmrs-Type, DMRS setting types 1 / 2, DMRS with FD-OCC of length 2, and Rel.15 DMRS types can be interchanged. In this disclosure, existing DMRS setting types that are set, existing DMRS setting types 1 or 2 that are set, and enhanced DMRS types that are not set can also be interchanged. In this disclosure, DMRS setting type 1, DMRS type 1, DMRS type = 1, DMRS type 1 (DMRS Type 1), and dmrs-Type that is not set but is set to type 2 can also be interchanged. In this disclosure, DMRS setting type 2, DMRS type 2, DMRS type = 2, DMRS type 2 (DMRS Type 2), and dmrs-Type that is set but is set to type 2 can also be interchanged.

[0213] In this disclosure, enhanced DMRS, enhanced DMRS functionality, enhanced DMRS type, enhanced DMRS setting type, setting / high-level parameters for enhanced DMRS type, enhanced DMRS type, enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18, dmrs-TypeEnh, enhanced DMRS setting type 1 / 2, DMRS with FD-OCC of length 4, and Rel.18 DMRS type can also be overridden. In this disclosure, the set enhanced DMRS setting type, the set enhanced-dmrs-Type_r18, the set enhanced DMRS setting type 1 or 2, and the set enhanced DMRS type can also be overridden. In this disclosure, enhanced DMRS setting type 1, DMRS enhanced type 1, DMRS enhanced type = 1, DMRS eType 1, and dmrs-Type set to type 2 but not otherwise specified can also be overridden. In this disclosure, Enhanced DMRS Setting Type 2, DMRS Enhancement Type 2, DMRS Enhancement Type = 2, DMRS eType 2, and dmrs-Type that is set to enhanced DMRS type and is set to type2 can also be overridden with each other.

[0214] In this disclosure, the maximum length of the DMRS, maxLength, and the maximum number of OFDM symbols in the front-loaded DMRS can also be rewritten.

[0215] In this disclosure, FD-OCC, w f (k') can also be interchanged. In this disclosure, TD-OCC, w t (l') TD-OCC with a length of 2 can also be rewritten.

[0216] In this disclosure, existing OCCs, existing FD-OCCs, FD-OCCs of length 2, and Rel.15 FD-OCCs can also be rewritten. In this disclosure, new OCCs, new FD-OCCs, FD-OCCs longer than 2, Rel.18 FD-OCCs, and w... f (k') and FD-OCC of length 4 can also be rewritten to each other.

[0217] In this disclosure, existing DMRS ports, Rel.15 DMRS ports, DMRS ports with existing FD-OCC applied, DMRS ports within the port number range of existing DMRS, and existing DMRS ports can also be rewritten to each other. In this disclosure, new DMRS ports, Rel.18 DMRS ports, DMRS ports with new FD-OCC applied, DMRS ports outside the port number range of existing DMRS, enhanced DMRS ports, and enhanced DMRS ports can also be rewritten to each other.

[0218] (Frequency domain resources of DMRS)

[0219] In the frequency domain, the DMRS setting is represented by the parameter k (subcarrier index).

[0220] The value of k in the basic DMRS is calculated using the following formula. Here, Δ is related to the CDM group ID. CDM group 0 corresponds to Δ=0, CDM group 1 corresponds to Δ=1, and CDM group 2 corresponds to Δ=4.

[0221] k = 4n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0222] k = 6n + k' + Δ (Type 2)

[0223] k'=0, 1

[0224] n=0, 1, …

[0225] like Figure 14A As shown, k is determined for basic DMRS setting type 1. CDM group 0 is configured in REs with k=0, 2, 4, 6, ..., and CDM group 1 is configured in REs with k=1, 3, 5, 7, ...

[0226] like Figure 14B As shown, the k value for basic DMRS setting type 2 is determined. CDM group 0 is configured in REs with k=0, 1, 6, 7, …, CDM group 1 is configured in REs with k=2, 3, 8, 9, …, and CDM group 2 is configured in REs with k=4, 5, 10, 11, …

[0227] The value of k in the enhanced DMRS is calculated using the following formula. Here, Δ is related to the CDM group ID.

[0228] k = 8n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0229] k = 12n + k' + Δ (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0230] k = 12n + k' + Δ + 4 (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0231] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0232] n=0, 1, …

[0233] like Figure 15 As shown, k is determined for Enhanced DMRS setting type 1. CDM group 0 is configured in REs with k=0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, … and CDM group 1 is configured in REs with k=1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, …

[0234] like Figure 16 As shown, k is determined for Enhanced DMRS setting type 2. CDM group 0 is assigned to REs with k=0, 1, 6, 7, 12, 13, …, CDM group 1 is assigned to REs with k=2, 3, 8, 9, 14, 15, …, and CDM group 2 is assigned to REs with k=4, 5, 10, 11, 16, 17, …

[0235] (DMRS time-domain resources)

[0236] In existing specifications, the DMRS setting in the time domain is represented by parameter l (symbol index). The frequency domain and time domain mapping of the DMRS are calculated using the following formula.

[0237] ◆When the high-level parameter dmrs-TypeEnh is set (enhanced DMRS).

[0238] α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) =w f (k')w t (l')r(4n+k')

[0239] k = 8n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0240] k = 12n + k' + Δ (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0241] k = 12n + k' + Δ + 4 (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0242] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0243] l'=l - +l'

[0244] n=0, 1, …

[0245] j=0, 1, …, v-1

[0246] ◆Otherwise (basic DMRS),

[0247] α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) =w f (k')w t (l')r(2n+k')

[0248] k = 4n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0249] k = 6n + k' + Δ (Type 2)

[0250] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0251] l'=l - +l'

[0252] n=0, 1, …

[0253] j=0, 1, …, v-1

[0254] l - This indicates the location of the DMRS in the time domain.

[0255] For single-symbol DMRS, l'=0. For double-symbol DMRS, l'=0, 1.

[0256] The reference point of l and the position of the initial DMRS symbol l0 depend on the mapping type.

[0257] ◆In PDSCH mapping type A, l and l0 follow the following.

[0258] -◆l is defined relative to the start of a time slot.

[0259] -◆When the high-level parameter dmrs=TypeA-Position is equal to 'pos3', l0=3. Otherwise, l0=2.

[0260] ◆In PDSCH mapping type B, l and l0 follow the following.

[0261] -◆l is defined relative to the start of the scheduled PDSCH resource.

[0262] -◆l0=0.

[0263] The position of DMRS symbols is determined by l - and duration l d Given. Here, l d Follow these guidelines.

[0264] ◆In PDSCH mapping type A, l dIt is the duration between the first OFDM symbol of the time slot and the last OFDM symbol of the PDSCH resource scheduled within the time slot.

[0265] ◆In PDSCH mapping type B, l d It is the duration of the scheduled PDSCH resource.

[0266] Figure 17 Table D2-1 shows the PDSCH DMRS positions used in the single symbol DMRS. Figure 18 Table U2-1 shows the PUSCH DMRS position used in a single symbol DMRS. The position is determined based on the mapping type, dmrs-AdditionalPosition, and l_d. - The maximum number of available locations is 4. Figure 19 Table D2-2 shows the PDSCH DMRS positions used in the dual-symbol DMRS. Figure 20 Table U2-2 shows the PUSCH DMRS position used in the dual-symbol DMRS.

[0267] (DMRS code domain resources)

[0268] In existing specifications, DMRS settings in the code field are configured via parameter w. f (k') and w t (l') is used to represent this.

[0269] The value (sequence) of DMRS is obtained through α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) It is represented by the following formula.

[0270] ◆When the high-level parameter dmrs-TypeEnh is set (enhanced DMRS).

[0271] α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) =w f (k')w t (l')r(4n+k')

[0272] ◆Otherwise (basic DMRS),

[0273] α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) =w f (k')w t (l')r(2n+k')

[0274] w f (k') (FD-OCC) and wt (l') (TD-OCC) is given by the aforementioned tables D1-1 / D1-2.

[0275] r(n) is represented by a pseudo-random sequence c(n).

[0276] Figure 21A as well as Figure 21B This indicates the FD-OCC of CDM group 0 (port #1000, #1001) for single-symbol DMRS of Enhanced Type 1 DMRS used for PDSCH. Figure 22A as well as Figure 22B This indicates the FD-OCC of CDM group 0 (ports #1008, #1009) for single-symbol DMRS of enhanced type 1 used for PDSCH DMRS. Figure 23A as well as Figure 23B This indicates the FD-OCC of CDM group 1 (ports #1002, #1003) for single-symbol DMRS of enhanced type 1 DMRS used for PDSCH. Figure 24A as well as Figure 24B This indicates the FD-OCC of CDM group 1 (ports #1010, #1011) for single-symbol DMRS of enhanced type 1 DMRS used for PDSCH.

[0277] Figure 25A as well as Figure 25B This refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 0 (port #1000, #1001) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH. Figure 26A as well as Figure 26B This refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 0 (ports #1006, #1007) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH. Figure 27A as well as Figure 27B This refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 1 (ports #1002, #1003) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH. Figure 28A as well as Figure 28B This refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 1 (ports #1008, #1009) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH. Figure 29A as well as Figure 29B This refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 2 (ports #1004, #1005) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH. Figure 30A as well as Figure 30BThis refers to the FD-OCC and TD-OCC of CDM group 2 (ports #1010, #1011) of the dual-symbol DMRS of basic type 2 used for PDSCH.

[0278] (DMRS power boost)

[0279] For UL DMRS, the intermediate quantity α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) It is pre-coded and multiplied by an amplitude scaling factor β to fit the transmit power. PUSCH DMRS And it is mapped to physical resources. Based on α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) α k,l (p_j,μ) It is given by the following formula.

[0280]

[0281] In UL DMRS accompanying PUSCH, the UE assumes that, following the number of DMRS CDM groups without accompanying data, the ratio of PUSCH EPRE to the energy per resource element (EPRE) of the DMRS (β) DMRS [dB]) through Figure 31 Table U3 provides the DMRS scaling factor β. PUSCH DMRS via β PUSCH DMRS =10 -β_DMRS / 20 Provided.

[0282] For DL ​​DMRS, the UE envisions that the sequence r(m) is adjusted by a factor β to suit the transmit power. PDSCH DMRS It has been scaled.

[0283] In DL DMRS accompanied by PDSCH, the UE assumes that: following the number of DMRS CDM groups without accompanying data, the ratio of PDSCH EPRE to DMRS EPRE (β) DMRS [dB]) through Figure 32 Table D3 provides the DMRS scaling factor β. PDSCH DMRS via β PDSCH DMRS =10 -β_DMRS / 20 Provided.

[0284] In each layer, since the power of the DMRS allocated to other CDM groups outside of a specific CDM group is set to 0, the reserved power originally allocated to the DMRS of other CDM groups can be used to increase the transmission power of the DMRS within the specific CDM group.

[0285] (PDSCH processing time in UE)

[0286] For example, via the assigned HARQ-ACK timing K1 and K offset As defined, if the initial UL symbol of the PUCCH carrying HARQ-ACK information, and the PUCCH resources to be used that include the effect of timing advance, begin after symbol L1, the UE provides a valid HARQ-ACK message. Here, L1 is defined as: accompanying a T-order interval after the end of the last symbol of the PDSCH carrying the identified TB. proc,1 =(N1+d 1,1 +d2)(2048+144)·κ2 -μ ·T C +T ext The next UL codeword begins with the CP.

[0287] N1 is based on Table D4-1 corresponding to UE processing capability 1 ( Figure 33 ) and Table D4-2 corresponding to UE processing capability 2 ( Figure 34 μ of ) . Here, μ corresponds to (μ PDCCH , μ PDSCH , μ UL The largest T in ) proc,1 One. μ PDCCH This corresponds to the subcarrier spacing of the PDCCH that schedules this PDSCH. μ PDSCH The subcarrier spacing corresponding to the scheduled PDSCH. μ UL The subcarrier spacing corresponding to the following UL channel is: regardless of whether the PDSCH reception provides a transport block for the HARQ process accompanied by HARQ-ACK information that is deactivated as indicated by HARQ-feedbackEnabling-disablingperHARQprocess, the UL channel is assumed to transmit HARQ-ACK.

[0288] (Improvements to DMRS)

[0289] In Rel.18, a larger number of orthogonal DMRS ports (without increasing DMRS overhead) in multi-user (MU)-multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems supporting DL and UL were investigated, supporting up to 24 orthogonal DMRS ports.

[0290] In several typical scenarios of next-generation wireless communication systems, to ensure decoding performance in the receiver, it is necessary to add DMRS in at least one of the frequency domain, time domain, or code domain. Typical scenarios include high-frequency scenarios, high-speed scenarios, and FR3 scenarios with a large number of DMRS ports.

[0291] The increased resource usage of DMRS reduces the resources available for data transmission in PUSCH / PDSCH, thus decreasing the data throughput in the wireless communication system.

[0292] In order to efficiently detect signals in the receiver, several known signals are transmitted in a RE at a fixed time and frequency. This RE is recognized as DMRS in the 5G standard.

[0293] The previous channel estimation using DMRS can also be performed in the following two steps.

[0294] ◆Estimate the channel in DMRS.

[0295] ◆ Extend this channel estimate to all other REs.

[0296] In new applications, such as next-generation communication systems for immersive communication, there are higher throughput requirements, and the following two solutions can be considered.

[0297] ◆ Allocate more REs to the data being sent.

[0298] ◆With the same time-frequency resources, more antenna ports can transmit more data streams.

[0299] Regardless of the solution chosen, the density of DMRS in each data stream needs to be reduced for the following reasons.

[0300] ◆ To save some REs that would otherwise be used by DMRS in order to send data.

[0301] ◆Supports DMRS for additional antenna ports.

[0302] Because of the limited performance of previous channel estimation algorithms related to DMRS, and the nonlinear relationship between REs and other REs in DMRS, previous channel estimation algorithms will become relatively worse when the density of DMRS decreases.

[0303] Therefore, the inventors of this invention have studied the design / setting of DMRS based on channel estimation capability and conceived of implementation methods.

[0304] By leveraging the powerful capabilities of AI / ML related to the prediction of nonlinear relationships, AI / ML-based channel estimation outperforms previous channel estimation algorithms. It can be argued that AI / ML-based channel estimation significantly reduces the resource utilization of DMRS. The various implementation methods allow for detailed design of DMRS patterns and CDM groups corresponding to different AI / ML functions / models (IDs).

[0305] Compared to previous channel estimation methods, AI / ML-based channel estimation offers improved performance. Theoretically, the minimum mean square error (MMSE) represents the best channel estimation performance. AI / ML-based channel estimation can achieve performance close to the theoretical MMSE value.

[0306] Other AI / ML-based modules, such as AI / ML-based detection, can further improve transmission / reception performance.

[0307] Enhancements to the AI / ML receiver (including, but not limited to, the channel estimation module) can reduce DMRS for each data stream.

[0308] The DMRS of each implementation can be applied to at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0309] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication methods involved in each embodiment can be applied individually or in combination.

[0310] (Various rewrites)

[0311] In this disclosure, terms enclosed in parentheses "()" can also indicate explanations of the preceding term (e.g., spelling notes), rewrites, specific examples, supplementary explanations, etc. Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms enclosed in square brackets "[]" can be used to interpret the meaning of the entire article, either including it or ignoring it. Additionally, "()" and "[]" can also be used for purposes / meanings other than these.

[0312] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be rewritten as each other. In addition, in this disclosure, "A / B / C" may also mean "at least one of A, B and C".

[0313] In this disclosure, terms such as notification, activation, deactivation, indication (or indication), selection, configuration, update, and determination can be overridden. Similarly, terms such as support, control, ability to control, operation, and ability to operate can also be overridden.

[0314] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-level parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., can also be modified interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) elements (MAC ControlElement (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., can also be modified interchangeably.

[0315] In this disclosure, higher-layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocol messages, such as NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages), or combinations thereof.

[0316] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may also use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MACCE) or a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU). Broadcast information may also be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), a Minimum System Information (Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI)), or Other System Information (OSI).

[0317] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may also be, for example, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.

[0318] In this disclosure, the `ceil(x)`, `ceiling` function, and ceiling function can be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, the `floor(x)`, `floor` function, and floor function can also be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, `sqrt(x)` and square root (radical (root)) can also be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, `x mod y`, `mod(x, y)`, the `mod` function, and the `modulo` operation can also be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, Σ... i=M M+N-1 f(i), Σ i=M M+N-1 f i f(i) or f(i) pervading i = M, M+1, ..., M+N-1 i The summation, f(M) + f(M+1) + ... + f(M+N-1), f M +f M+1 +...+f M+N-1 They can also be rewritten interchangeably. C(n,k) represents the number of combinations of choosing k values ​​from n values ​​(combinatorial coefficient) and binomial coefficients. n C k C n k They can also be rewritten interchangeably. In this disclosure, x / / y and floor(x / y) can also be rewritten interchangeably.

[0319] In this disclosure, a b The notations a, b, and a obtained by appending b to the lower right of a can also be interchanged. In this disclosure, a c The notation a^c, a^c, and a^c (with c appended to the upper right of a) can also be interchanged. In this disclosure, a b c The notation a_b^c, and the notation obtained by appending b to the lower right and c to the upper right of a, can also be interchanged. In this disclosure, x ～ It can be represented by appending ~ to x, or it can be called an x ​​tilde. In this disclosure, x - It can be represented by adding a hyphen above x, or it can be called an x ​​bar.

[0320] In this disclosure, FR can be at least one of FR1, FR2, FR2-1, FR2-2, FR3, Asia-Pacific Hertz, and Terahertz. In this disclosure, the frequency range corresponding to FR1 can also be 410-7125MHz. In this disclosure, FR2 can also include FR2-1 and FR2-2, the frequency range corresponding to FR2-1 can be 24250-52600MHz, and the frequency range corresponding to FR2-1 can be 52600-71000MHz.

[0321] In this disclosure, the base station (BS), gNB, and network (NW) can also be rewritten.

[0322] In this disclosure, function, functionality, and model can also be rewritten in different ways.

[0323] In this disclosure, the frequency domain position, RE, subcarrier, RE index, and subcarrier index can also be rewritten. In this disclosure, the time domain position, symbol, and symbol index can also be rewritten.

[0324] In this disclosure, the DMRS settings in the frequency domain, the tables used for DMRS settings in the frequency domain, the DMRS frequency domain settings, the DMRS subcarrier position settings, and the DMRS settings can all be modified. In this disclosure, the DMRS settings in the time domain, the tables used for DMRS settings in the time domain, the DMRS time domain settings, the DMRS symbol position settings, and the DMRS settings can all be modified. In this disclosure, the DMRS settings in the code domain, the tables used for DMRS settings in the code domain, the DMRS code domain settings, the CDM settings, the OCC settings, and the DMRS settings can all be modified.

[0325] In this disclosure, specific settings, existing specifications, and Rel.15 / Rel.18 DMRS settings can also be modified to fit each other. In this disclosure, specific DMRS, DMRS conforming to existing specifications, and Rel.15 / Rel.18 DMRS can also be modified to fit each other.

[0326] In this disclosure, the reserved DMRS resources, the (time / frequency) DMRS resources determined based on the specification (table), and the (time / frequency) DMRS resources shown in the specification (table) can also be rewritten to each other.

[0327] In this disclosure, the port number 1000+p of PDSCH DMRS and the port number p of PUSCH DMRS can also be rewritten.

[0328] (Wireless communication method)

[0329] In various implementations, data (PDSCH / PUSCH) can also be configured for resources that are not configured with DMRS.

[0330] In each embodiment, the process applied to PDSCH can also be applied to PUSCH.

[0331] <Implementation Method 1>

[0332] This implementation involves a new setting for DMRS in the frequency domain. This setting may also correspond to a function / model (ID) of a certain AI / ML.

[0333] This implementation addresses the DMRS in existing specifications by regularly improving the spacing between multiple frequency resources in the DMRS by passing through the sparse factor (thinning).

[0334] According to this embodiment, it is possible to reduce DMRS resources set for DMRS ports / CDM groups in the frequency domain.

[0335] In this disclosure, the multiplexing group interval is the difference (minimum interval) between the initial subcarrier indices of the two FD-OCCs of the FDM within the same CDM group. In this disclosure, the multiplexing group interval, the FD-OCC inter-interval, and the FD-OCC offset can also be rewritten to each other.

[0336] In this disclosure, the inter-group spacing is the difference (minimum spacing) between the initial subcarrier indices of the two CDM groups. In this disclosure, the inter-group spacing and group offset can also be rewritten.

[0337] In this disclosure, the intra-group spacing is the difference between the indices of two subcarriers within an FD-OCC (minimum spacing). In this disclosure, the intra-group spacing, the intra-FD-OCC spacing, the inter-subcarrier spacing, and the subcarrier offset can also be rewritten interchangeably.

[0338] The reduction in the time domain of DMRS for DMRS port / CDM group settings can also follow at least one of the following implementation methods 1-x.

[0339] <<Implementation Method 1-1>>

[0340] This implementation (for multiple CDM groups) uses the same DMRS density, reducing the DMRS resources allocated to each DMRS port. This implementation may also follow at least one of the following options.

[0341] ◆Option 1

[0342] The reuse group interval is increased, the intra-group interval is maintained, and the inter-group interval is maintained. This option can also be applied to at least one of the following situations.

[0343] -◆Scenario 1: Basic DMRS Type 1

[0344] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0345] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0346] k = (4 + s)n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0347] k'=0, 1

[0348] n=0, 1, …

[0349] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0350] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0351] 4+s can also represent the multiplexing group interval.

[0352] exist Figure 35A In the example, s=2, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as Figure 35B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 6, 8, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 3, 7, 9, … The multiplexing group interval is increased from the existing 4 to 6.

[0353] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Alternatively, Formula 0 can be used when s is a multiple of 4. It is based on the existing basic DMRS formula, but with n set to a multiple of (s / 4+1). k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0354] k = 4n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0355] k'=0, 1

[0356] If s mod 4 = 0, then n = 0, (s / 4 + 1), 2(s / 4 + 1), …

[0357] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0358] exist Figure 36A In the example, s=4, and k is determined by n=0, 2, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as Figure 36BAs shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 8, 10, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 3, 9, 11, … The multiplexing group interval is increased from the existing 4 to 8.

[0359] --◆Calculation Formula 2: Formula 0 for s = 4 can also be modified based on the enhanced DMRS formula, and k' = 2, 3 can also be deleted. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0360] k = 8n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0361] k'=0, 1

[0362] n=0, 1, …

[0363] exist Figure 37A In the example, k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as... Figure 37B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 8, 10, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 3, 9, 11, … The multiplexing group interval has been increased from the existing 4 to 6.

[0364] --◆Calculation Formula 3: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0365] k = (4 + s)n + 2k' + Δ + o (Type 1)

[0366] k'=0, 1

[0367] n=0, 1, …

[0368] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0369] o∈{0, 1, …, s}

[0370] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0371] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0372] o can also represent the offset of CDM group 0.

[0373] exist Figure 38A In the example, s=2, o=1, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as Figure 38BAs shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 3, 7, 9, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 4, 8, 10, … The multiplexing group interval is increased from the existing 4 to 6.

[0374] -◆Scenario 2: Basic DMRS Type 2

[0375] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0376] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0377] k = (6 + s)n + k' + Δ (Type 2)

[0378] k'=0, 1

[0379] n=0, 1, …

[0380] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0381] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0382] exist Figure 39A In the example, s=4, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as Figure 39B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 1, 10, 11, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 3, 12, 13, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 5, 14, 15, …. The multiplexing group interval is increased from the existing 6 to 10.

[0383] --◆Calculation Formula 1: It can also be the calculation formula 0 when s is a multiple of 6. The formula is based on the existing basic DMRS formula, but is modified so that n is set to a multiple of (s / 6+1).

[0384] k = 6n + k' + Δ (Type 2)

[0385] k'=0, 1

[0386] If s mod 6 = 0, then n = 0, (s / 6 + 1), 2(s / 6 + 1), …

[0387] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0388] exist Figure 40A In the example, s=6, and k is determined based on n=0, 2, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 40B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 1, 12, 13, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 3, 14, 15, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 5, 16, 17, …. The multiplexing group interval has been increased from the existing 6 to 12.

[0389] --◆Calculation Formula 2: When s is 6, the calculation formula 0 can also be modified based on DMRS, and k'=2, 3 can also be deleted. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0390] k = 12n + k' + Δ (Type 2)

[0391] k'=0, 1

[0392] n=0, 1, …

[0393] exist Figure 41A In the example, k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as Figure 41B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 1, 12, 13, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 3, 14, 15, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 5, 16, 17, …. The multiplexing group interval has been increased from the existing 6 to 12.

[0394] --◆Calculation Formula 3: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0395] k = (6 + s)n + 2k' + Δ + o (Type 2)

[0396] k'=0, 1

[0397] n=0, 1, …

[0398] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0399] o∈{0, 1, …, s}

[0400] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0401] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0402] exist Figure 42A In the example, s=4, o=2, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 42B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 3, 12, 13, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 5, 14, 15, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=6, 7, 16, 17, …. The multiplexing group interval is increased from the existing 6 to 10.

[0403] -◆Scenario 3: Enhanced DMRS Type 1

[0404] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0405] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0406] k = (8 + s)n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0407] k'=0, 1

[0408] n=0, 1, …

[0409] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0410] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0411] exist Figure 43A In the example, s=2, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3, and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as... Figure 43B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, 16, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 17, … The multiplexing group interval has been increased from the existing 8 to 14.

[0412] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Alternatively, Formula 0 can be used when s is a multiple of 8. Based on the existing enhanced DMRS formula, n is set to a multiple of (s / 8+1). k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0413] k = 8n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0414] k'=0, 1

[0415] If s mod 4 = 0, then n = 0, (s / 8 + 1), 2(s / 8 + 1), …

[0416] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0417] exist Figure 44A In the example, s=4, and k is determined based on n=0, 8, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as Figure 44B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 4, 6, 16, 18, 20, 22, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 3, 5, 7, 17, 19, 21, 23, … The multiplexing group interval has been increased from the existing 8 to 16.

[0418] --◆Calculation Formula 2: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0419] k = (8 + s)n + 2k' + Δ + o (Type 1)

[0420] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0421] n=0, 1, …

[0422] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0423] o∈{0, 1, …, s}

[0424] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0425] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0426] exist Figure 45A In the example, s=2, o=2, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as... Figure 45B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 16, 18, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 5, 7, 9, 13, 15, 17, 19, … The multiplexing group interval has been increased from the existing 8 to 10.

[0427] -◆Scenario 4: Enhanced DMRS Type 2

[0428] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0429] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0430] k = (12 + s)n + k' + Δ (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0431] k = (12 + s)n + k' + Δ + 4 (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0432] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0433] n=0, 1, …

[0434] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0435] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0436] exist Figure 46A In the example, s=4, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 46B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 1, 6, 7, 16, 17, 22, 23, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 3, 8, 9, 18, 19, 24, 25, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 5, 10, 11, 20, 21, 26, 27, …. The multiplexing group interval has been increased from the existing 12 to 16.

[0437] --◆Calculation Formula 1: It can also be the calculation formula 0 when s is a multiple of 12. The formula based on the existing enhanced DMRS is modified, and n is set to a multiple of (s / 12+1).

[0438] k = 12n + k' + Δ (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0439] k = 12n + k' + Δ + 4 (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0440] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0441] If s mod 12 = 0, then n = 0, (s / 12 + 1), 2(s / 12 + 1), …

[0442] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0443] exist Figure 47A In the example, s=6, and k is determined based on n=0, 2, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as… Figure 47BAs shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 1, 6, 7, 24, 25, 30, 31, …; CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 3, 8, 9, 26, 27, 32, 33, …; and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 5, 10, 11, 28, 29, 34, 35, …. The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 12 to 24.

[0444] --◆Calculation Formula 2: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0445] k = (12 + s)n + k' + Δ + o (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0446] k = (12 + s)n + k' + Δ + o + 4 (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0447] k'=0, 1

[0448] n=0, 1, …

[0449] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0450] o∈{0, 1, …, s}

[0451] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0452] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0453] exist Figure 48A In the example, s=4, o=3, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 48B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 4, 9, 10, 19, 20, 25, 26, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=5, 6, 11, 12, 21, 22, 27, 28, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=7, 8, 13, 14, 23, 24, 29, 30, …. The multiplexing group interval has been increased from the existing 12 to 16.

[0454] ◆Option 2

[0455] The reuse group interval is increased, the intra-group interval is increased, and the inter-group interval is maintained. This option can also be applied to at least one of the following situations.

[0456] -◆Scenario 1: Basic DMRS Type 1

[0457] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0458] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0459] k = (4 + s)n + (2 + i)k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0460] k'=0, 1

[0461] n=0, 1, …

[0462] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0463] i∈{0, 1, …, s}

[0464] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0465] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0466] s can also represent the multiplexing group interval.

[0467] 2+i can also represent the interval within a group.

[0468] exist Figure 49A In the example, s=2, i=1, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as Figure 49B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 3, 6, 9, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 4, 7, 10, … The multiplexing group interval has been increased from the existing 4 to 6. The intra-group interval has been increased from the existing 2 to 3.

[0469] --◆Calculation Formula 1: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0470] k = (4 + s)n + (2 + i)k' + Δ + o (Type 1)

[0471] k'=0, 1

[0472] n=0, 1, …

[0473] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0474] i∈{0, 1, …, s}

[0475] o∈{0, 1, …, si}

[0476] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0477] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0478] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0479] exist Figure 50A In the example, s=4, i=1, o=3, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as Figure 50B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 6, 11, 14, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 7, 12, 15, … The multiplexing group interval is increased from the existing 4 to 8. The intra-group interval is increased from the existing 2 to 3.

[0480] -◆Scenario 2: Basic DMRS Type 2

[0481] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0482] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0483] k=(6+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ(Setting type 2)

[0484] k'=0, 1

[0485] n=0, 1, …

[0486] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0487] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[0488] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0489] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0490] exist Figure 51A In the example, s=4, i=1, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 51BAs shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 10, 12, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 5, 13, 15, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=6, 8, 16, 18, …. The multiplexing group interval is increased from the existing 6 to 10. The intra-group interval is increased from the existing 1 to 2.

[0491] --◆Calculation Formula 1: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0492] k=(6+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ+o (Setting type 2)

[0493] k'=0, 1

[0494] n=0, 1, …

[0495] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0496] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[0497] o∈{0, 1, …, s-3i}

[0498] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0499] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0500] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0501] exist Figure 52A In the example, s=4, i=1, o=1, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 52B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 3, 11, 13, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 6, 14, 16, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=7, 9, 17, 19, …. The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 6 to 10. The intra-group interval has increased from the existing 1 to 2.

[0502] -◆Scenario 3: Enhanced DMRS Type 1

[0503] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0504] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0505] k = (8 + s)n + (2 + i)k' + Δ (Type 1)

[0506] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0507] n=0, 1, …

[0508] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0509] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[0510] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0511] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0512] exist Figure 53A In the example, s=6, i=1, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as... Figure 53B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 3, 6, 9, 14, 17, 20, 23, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 4, 7, 10, 15, 18, 21, 24, … The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 8 to 14. The intra-group interval has increased from the existing 2 to 3.

[0513] --◆Calculation Formula 1: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0514] k = (8 + s)n + (2 + i)k' + Δ + o (Type 1)

[0515] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0516] n=0, 1, …

[0517] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0518] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[0519] o∈{0, 1, …, s-3i}

[0520] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0521] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0522] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0523] exist Figure 54A In the example, s=6, i=1, o=2, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as... Figure 54B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 5, 8, 11, 16, 19, 22, 25, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 6, 9, 12, 17, 20, 23, 26, … The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 8 to 14. The intra-group interval has increased from the existing 2 to 3.

[0524] -◆Scenario 4: Enhanced DMRS Type 2

[0525] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0526] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0527] k = (12 + s)n + (1 + i)k' + (1 + i / 2)Δ (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0528] k = (12 + s)n + (1 + i)k' + (1 + i / 2)Δ + 4 + i (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0529] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0530] n=0, 1, …

[0531] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0532] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 6}

[0533] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0534] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0535] exist Figure 55A In the example, s=10, i=1, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 55BAs shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 9, 11, 22, 24, 31, 33, …; CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 5, 12, 14, 25, 27, 34, 36, …; and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=6, 8, 15, 17, 28, 30, 37, 39, …. The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 12 to 22. The intra-group interval has increased from the existing 1 to 2.

[0536] --◆Calculation Formula 1: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0537] k = (12 + s)n + (1 + i)k' + (1 + i / 2)Δ + o (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0538] k = (12 + s)n + (1 + i)k' + (1 + i / 2)Δ + 4 + i + o (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0539] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0540] n=0, 1, …

[0541] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0542] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 6}

[0543] o∈{0, 1, …, s-6i}

[0544] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0545] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0546] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0547] exist Figure 56A In the example, s=10, i=1, o=3, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 56BAs shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 5, 12, 14, 22, 24, 31, 33,…; CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=6, 8, 15, 17, 25, 27, 34, 36,…; and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=9, 11, 18, 20, 28, 30, 37, 39,… The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 12 to 19. The intra-group interval has increased from the existing 1 to 2.

[0548] ◆Option 3

[0549] The reuse group interval increases, the inter-group interval increases, and the intra-group interval is maintained. This option can also be applied only to basic / enhanced type 2. This option can also be applied to at least one of the following cases.

[0550] -◆Scenario 1: Basic DMRS Type 2

[0551] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0552] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0553] k=(6+s)n+k'+(1+j / 2)Δ(Setting type 2)

[0554] k'=0, 1

[0555] n=0, 1, …

[0556] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0557] j∈{0, 1, …, s / / 2}

[0558] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0559] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0560] s can also represent the multiplexing group interval.

[0561] (1+j / 2)2 can also represent the intergroup interval.

[0562] exist Figure 57A In the example, s=4, j=1, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1 and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 57BAs shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 1, 10, 11, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 4, 13, 14, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=6, 7, 16, 17, …. The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 6 to 10. The inter-group interval has increased from the existing 2 to 3.

[0563] --◆Calculation Formula 1: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0564] k = (6 + s)n + k' + (1 + j / 2)Δ + o (Type 2)

[0565] k'=0, 1

[0566] n=0, 1, …

[0567] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0568] j∈{0, 1, …, s / / 2}

[0569] o∈{0, 1, …, s-2j}

[0570] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0571] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0572] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0573] exist Figure 58A In the example, s=4, j=1, o=2, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 58B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 3, 12, 13, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=5, 6, 15, 16, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=8, 9, 18, 19, …. The multiplexing group interval is increased from the existing 6 to 10. The inter-group interval is increased from the existing 2 to 3.

[0574] -◆Scenario 2: Enhanced DMRS Type 2

[0575] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0576] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0577] k = (12 + s)n + k' + (1 + j / 2)Δ (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0578] k = (12 + s)n + k' + (1 + j / 2)Δ + 4 + 3j (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0579] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0580] n=0, 1, …

[0581] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0582] j∈{0, 1, …, s / / 5}

[0583] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0584] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0585] exist Figure 59A In the example, s=10, j=1, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 59B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 1, 9, 10, 22, 23, 31, 32, …; CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 4, 12, 13, 25, 26, 34, 35, …; and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=6, 7, 15, 16, 28, 29, 37, 38, …. The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 12 to 22. The inter-group interval has increased from the existing 2 to 3.

[0586] --◆Calculation Formula 1: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0587] k = (12 + s)n + k' + (1 + j / 2)Δ + o (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0588] k = (12 + s)n + k' + (1 + j / 2)Δ + 4 + 3j + o (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0589] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0590] n=0, 1, …

[0591] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0592] j∈{0, 1, …, s / / 5}

[0593] o∈{0, 1, …, s-5i}

[0594] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0595] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0596] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0597] exist Figure 60A In the example, s=10, j=1, o=3, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 60B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 4, 12, 13, 25, 26, 34, 35,…, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=6, 7, 15, 16, 28, 29, 37, 38,…, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=9, 10, 18, 19, 31, 32, 40, 41,…. The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 12 to 19. The inter-group interval has increased from the existing 2 to 3.

[0598] ◆Option 4

[0599] Increase the reuse group interval, increase the inter-group interval, and increase the intra-group interval. This option may also be applied to at least one of the following situations.

[0600] -◆Scenario 1: Basic DMRS Type 1

[0601] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0602] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0603] k=(4+s)n+(2+i)k'+(1+j)Δ(Setting type 1)

[0604] k'=0, 1

[0605] n=0, 1, …

[0606] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0607] i∈{0, 1, …, s}

[0608] j∈{0, 1, …, si}

[0609] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0610] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0611] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0612] s can also represent the multiplexing group interval.

[0613] 2+i can also represent the interval within a group.

[0614] 1+j can also represent the intergroup interval.

[0615] exist Figure 61A In the example, s=4, i=2, j=1, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as... Figure 61B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 4, 8, 12, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 6, 10, 14, … The multiplexing group interval is increased from the existing 4 to 8. The intra-group interval is increased from the existing 2 to 4. The inter-group interval is increased from the existing 1 to 2.

[0616] --◆Calculation Formula 1: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0617] k = (4+s)n+(2+i)k'+(1+j)Δ+o (Type 1)

[0618] k'=0, 1

[0619] n=0, 1, …

[0620] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0621] i∈{0, 1, …, s}

[0622] j∈{0, 1, …, si}

[0623] o∈{0, 1, …, si}

[0624] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0625] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0626] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0627] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0628] exist Figure 62A In the example, s=4, i=2, j=1, o=1, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as Figure 62B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 5, 9, 13, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 7, 11, 15, … The multiplexing group interval is increased from the existing 4 to 8. The intra-group interval is increased from the existing 2 to 4. The inter-group interval is increased from the existing 1 to 2.

[0629] -◆Scenario 2: Basic DMRS Type 2

[0630] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0631] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0632] k=(6+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2+j / 2)Δ(Setting type 2)

[0633] k'=0, 1

[0634] n=0, 1, …

[0635] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0636] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[0637] j∈{0, 1, …, (s-3i) / / 2}

[0638] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0639] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0640] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0641] exist Figure 63A In the example, s=10, i=1, j=2, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 63BAs shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 16, 18, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=5, 7, 21, 23, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=10, 12, 26, 28, …. The multiplexing group interval increases from the existing 6 to 16. The intra-group interval increases from the existing 1 to 2. The inter-group interval increases from the existing 2 to 5.

[0642] --◆Calculation Formula 1: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0643] k = (6 + s)n + (1 + i)k' + (1 + i / 2 + j / 2)Δ + o (Type 2)

[0644] k'=0, 1

[0645] n=0, 1, …

[0646] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0647] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[0648] j∈{0, 1, …, (s-3i) / / 2}

[0649] o∈{0, 1, …, s-3i-2j}

[0650] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0651] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0652] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0653] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0654] exist Figure 64A In the example, s=10, i=1, j=2, o=2, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 64B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 4, 18, 20, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=7, 9, 23, 25, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=12, 14, 28, 30, …. The multiplexing group interval increases from the existing 6 to 16. The intra-group interval increases from the existing 1 to 2. The inter-group interval increases from the existing 2 to 5.

[0655] -◆Scenario 3: Enhanced DMRS Type 1

[0656] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0657] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0658] k=(8+s)n+(2+i)k'+(1+j)Δ(Setting type 1)

[0659] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0660] n=0, 1, …

[0661] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0662] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[0663] j∈{0, 1, …, s-3i}

[0664] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0665] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0666] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0667] exist Figure 65A In the example, s=12, i=3, j=2, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as... Figure 65B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=3, 8, 13, 18, 23, 28, 33, 38, … The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 8 to 20. The intra-group interval has increased from the existing 2 to 5. The inter-group interval has increased from the existing 1 to 3.

[0668] --◆Calculation Formula 1: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0669] k = (8 + s)n + (2 + i)k' + (1 + j)Δ + o (Type 1)

[0670] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0671] n=0, 1, …

[0672] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0673] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[0674] j∈{0, 1, …, s-3i}

[0675] o∈{0, 1, …, s-3i-j}

[0676] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0677] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0678] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0679] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0680] exist Figure 66A In the example, s=12, i=3, j=2, o=1, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0,1. In this case, as... Figure 66B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 6, 11, 16, 21, 26, 31, 36,… and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 9, 14, 19, 24, 29, 34, 39,… The multiplexing group interval has increased from the existing 8 to 20. The intra-group interval has increased from the existing 2 to 5. The inter-group interval has increased from the existing 1 to 3.

[0681] -◆Scenario 4: Enhanced DMRS Type 2

[0682] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0683] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0684] k = (12 + s)n + (1 + i)k' + (1 + i / 2 + j / 2)Δ (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0685] k = (12 + s)n + (1 + i)k' + (1 + i / 2 + j / 2)Δ + 4 + i + 3j (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0686] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0687] n=0, 1, …

[0688] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0689] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 6}

[0690] j∈{0, 1, …, (s-6i) / / 5}

[0691] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0692] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0693] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0694] exist Figure 67A In the example, s=14, i=1, j=1, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 67B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 12, 14, 26, 28, 38, 40,…; CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 6, 16, 18, 30, 32, 42, 44,…; and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=8, 10, 20, 22, 34, 36, 46, 48,… The multiplexing group interval increases from the existing 12 to 26. The intra-group interval increases from the existing 1 to 2. The inter-group interval increases from the existing 2 to 4.

[0695] --◆Calculation Formula 1: The starting point of CDM group 0 can be set either by setting it or by defining it according to the specification. k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0696] k = (12 + s)n + (1 + i)k' + (1 + i / 2 + j / 2)Δ + o (Set type 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0697] k = (12 + s)n + (1 + i)k' + (1 + i / 2 + j / 2)Δ + 4 + i + 3j + o (Set type 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0698] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0699] n=0, 1, …

[0700] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0701] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 6}

[0702] j∈{0, 1, …, (s-6i) / / 5}

[0703] o∈{0, 1, …, s-6i}

[0704] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0705] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0706] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0707] o can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0708] exist Figure 68A In the example, s=14, i=1, j=1, o=2, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0,2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 68B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 4, 14, 16, 24, 26, 34, 36, …; CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=6, 8, 18, 20, 28, 30, 38, 40, …; and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=10, 12, 22, 24, 32, 34, 42, 44, …. The multiplexing group interval increases from the existing 12 to 22. The intra-group interval increases from the existing 1 to 2. The inter-group interval increases from the existing 2 to 4.

[0709] <<Implementation Methods 1-2>>

[0710] This implementation (for multiple CDM groups) uses different DMRS densities to reduce the DMRS resources allocated to each DMRS port. This implementation may also follow at least one of the following options.

[0711] ◆Option 1

[0712] The multiplexing group interval in at least one CDM group is increased, the intra-group interval is maintained, and the inter-group interval is maintained. Different multiplexing group intervals can also be used between multiple CDM groups. This option can also be applied to at least one of the following scenarios.

[0713] -◆Scenario 1: Basic DMRS Type 1

[0714] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0715] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0716] k=(4+s_0)n+2k'+Δ(Set type 1, CDM group 0)

[0717] k=(4+s_1)n+2k'+Δ(Set type 1, CDM group 1)

[0718] k'=0, 1

[0719] n=0, 1, …

[0720] s_0∈{0, 2, 4, …}

[0721] s_1∈{0, 2, 4,…}

[0722] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0723] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0724] 4+s_0 can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0725] 4+s_1 can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0726] exist Figure 69A In the example, s_0=2, s_1=4, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as Figure 69B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 6, 8, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 3, 9, 11, … The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 is increased from the existing 4 to 6. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 is increased from the existing 4 to 8.

[0727] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0728] -◆Scenario 2: Basic DMRS Type 2

[0729] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0730] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0731] k=(6+s_0)n+k'+Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 0)

[0732] k=(6+s_1)n+k'+Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 1)

[0733] k=(6+s_2)n+k'+Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 2)

[0734] k'=0, 1

[0735] n=0, 1, …

[0736] s_0∈{0, 6, 12, …}

[0737] s_1∈{0, 6, 12, …}

[0738] s_2∈{0, 6, 12, …}

[0739] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0740] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0741] s_2 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0742] 6+s_0 can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0743] 6+s_1 can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0744] 6+s_2 can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2.

[0745] exist Figure 70A In the example, s_0=0, s_1=6, s_2=12, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 70B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 1, 6, 7, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 3, 14, 15, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 5, 22, 23, …. The multiplexing interval in CDM group 0 remains at the existing 6. The multiplexing interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 6 to 12. The multiplexing interval in CDM group 2 increases from the existing 6 to 18.

[0746] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0747] -◆Scenario 3: Enhanced DMRS Type 1

[0748] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0749] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0750] k=(8+s_0)n+2k'+Δ(Set type 1, CDM group 0)

[0751] k=(8+s_1)n+2k'+Δ(Set type 1, CDM group 1)

[0752] k'=0, 1

[0753] n=0, 1, …

[0754] s_0∈{0, 2, 4, …}

[0755] s_1∈{0, 2, 4, …}

[0756] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0757] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0758] 8+s_0 can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0759] 8+s_1 can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0760] exist Figure 71A In the example, s_0=2, s_1=6, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as... Figure 71B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, 16, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 3, 5, 7, 15, 17, 19, 21, … The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 is increased from the existing 8 to 10. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 is increased from the existing 8 to 14.

[0761] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0762] -◆Scenario 4: Enhanced DMRS Type 2

[0763] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0764] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0765] k = (12 + s_0)n + k' + Δ (Set type 2, CDM group 0, k' = 0, 1)

[0766] k = (12 + s_1)n + k' + Δ (Set type 2, CDM group 1, k' = 0, 1)

[0767] k = (12 + s_2)n + k' + Δ (Set type 2, CDM group 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0768] k = (12 + s_0)n + k' + Δ + 4 (Set type 2, CDM group 0, k' = 2, 3)

[0769] k = (12 + s_1)n + k' + Δ + 4 (Set type 2, CDM group 1, k' = 2, 3)

[0770] k = (12 + s_2)n + k' + Δ + 4 (Set type 2, CDM group 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0771] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0772] n=0, 1, …

[0773] s_0∈{0, 6, 12, …}

[0774] s_1∈{0, 6, 12, …}

[0775] s_2∈{0, 6, 12, …}

[0776] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0777] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0778] s_2 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0779] 12+s_0 can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0780] 12+s_1 can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0781] 12+s_2 can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2.

[0782] exist Figure 72A In the example, s_0=12, s_1=6, s_2=0, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3 and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 72BAs shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 1, 6, 7, 24, 25, 30, 31, …; CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 3, 8, 9, 20, 21, 26, 27, …; and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 5, 10, 11, 16, 17, 22, 23, … The multiplexing interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 12 to 24. The multiplexing interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 12 to 18. The multiplexing interval in CDM group 2 remains at the existing 12.

[0783] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0784] ◆Option 2

[0785] In at least one CDM group, the reuse group interval is increased, the intra-group interval is increased, and the inter-group interval is maintained. Different sparsity factors can also be used across multiple CDM groups. This option can also be applied to at least one of the following scenarios.

[0786] -◆Scenario 1: Basic DMRS Type 1

[0787] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0788] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0789] k = (1 + s_0)(4 + s)n + 2k' + Δ (Set type 1, CDM group 0)

[0790] k = (1 + s_1)(4 + s)n + 2k' + Δ (Setting type 1, CDM group 1)

[0791] k'=0, 1

[0792] n=0, 1, …

[0793] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0794] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[0795] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[0796] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0797] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0798] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0799] (1+s_0)(4+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0800] (1+s_1)(4+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0801] exist Figure 73A In the example, s=2, s_0=0, s_1=1, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1 and Δ=0, 1. In this case, as Figure 73B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 2, 6, 8, 12, 14, … and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=1, 3, 13, 15, 25, 27, … The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 is increased from the existing 4 to 6. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 is increased from the existing 4 to 12.

[0802] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0803] -◆Scenario 2: Basic DMRS Type 2

[0804] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0805] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0806] k=(1+s_0)(6+s)n+k'+Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 0)

[0807] k=(1+s_1)(6+s)n+k'+Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 1)

[0808] k=(1+s_2)(6+s)n+k'+Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 2)

[0809] k'=0, 1

[0810] n=0, 1, …

[0811] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0812] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[0813] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[0814] s_2∈{0, 1, …}

[0815] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0816] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0817] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0818] s_2 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0819] (1+s_0)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0820] (1+s_1)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0821] (1+s_2)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2.

[0822] exist Figure 74A In the example, s=4, s_0=0, s_1=1, s_2=0, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0,2, 4. In this case, as... Figure 74B As shown, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs with k=0, 1, 10, 11, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs with k=2, 3, 22, 23, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs with k=4, 5, 14, 15, …. The multiplexing interval in CDM group 0 is increased from the existing 6 to 10. The multiplexing interval in CDM group 1 is increased from the existing 6 to 20. The multiplexing interval in CDM group 2 is increased from the existing 6 to 10.

[0823] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0824] -◆Scenario 3: Enhanced DMRS Type 1

[0825] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0826] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0827] k=(1+s_0)(8+s)n+2k'+Δ(Set type 1, CDM group 0)

[0828] k = (1 + s_1)(8 + s)n + 2k' + Δ (Setting type 1, CDM group 1)

[0829] k'=0, 1

[0830] n=0, 1, …

[0831] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0832] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[0833] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[0834] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0835] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0836] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0837] (1+s_0)(8+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0838] (1+s_1)(8+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0839] exist Figure 75 In the example, s=2, s_0=0, s_1=1, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3, and Δ=0, 1. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 2, 4, 6, 10, 12, 14, 16, …, and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=1, 3, 5, 7, 21, 23, 25, 27, … The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 is increased from the existing 8 to 10. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 is increased from the existing 8 to 20.

[0840] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0841] -◆Scenario 4: Enhanced DMRS Type 2

[0842] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0843] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0844] k = (1 + s_0)(12 + s)n + k' + Δ (Set type 2, CDM group 0, k' = 0, 1)

[0845] k = (1 + s_1)(12 + s)n + k' + Δ (Set type 2, CDM group 1, k' = 0, 1)

[0846] k = (1 + s_2)(12 + s)n + k' + Δ (Set type 2, CDM group 2, k' = 0, 1)

[0847] k = (1 + s_0)(12 + s)n + k' + Δ + 4 (Set type 2, CDM group 0, k' = 2, 3)

[0848] k = (1 + s_1)(12 + s)n + k' + Δ + 4 (Set type 2, CDM group 1, k' = 2, 3)

[0849] k = (1 + s_2)(12 + s)n + k' + Δ + 4 (Set type 2, CDM group 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0850] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0851] n=0, 1, …

[0852] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0853] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[0854] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[0855] s_2∈{0, 1, …}

[0856] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0857] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0858] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0859] s_2 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0860] (1+s_0)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0861] (1+s_1)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0862] (1+s_2)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2.

[0863] exist Figure 76In the example, s=4, s_0=0, s_1=1, s_2=2, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 1, 6, 7, 16, 17, 22, 23, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=2, 3, 8, 9, 34, 35, 40, 41, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs of k=4, 5, 10, 11, 52, 53, 58, 59, … The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 12 to 16. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 12 to 32. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2 increases from the existing 12 to 48.

[0864] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0865] ◆Option 3

[0866] In at least one CDM group, the reuse group interval is increased, the intra-group interval is increased, and the inter-group interval is maintained. Different sparsity factors can also be used across multiple CDM groups. This option can also be applied to at least one of the following scenarios.

[0867] -◆Scenario 1: Basic DMRS Type 1

[0868] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0869] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0870] k=(1+s_0)(4+s)n+(2+i)k'+Δ(Set type 1, CDM group 0)

[0871] k=(1+s_1)(4+s)n+(2+i)k'+Δ(Setting type 1, CDM group 1)

[0872] k'=0, 1

[0873] n=0, 1, …

[0874] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0875] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[0876] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[0877] i∈{0, 1, …, s}

[0878] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0879] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0880] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0881] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0882] (1+s_0)(4+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0883] (1+s_1)(4+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0884] 2+i can also represent the interval within a group.

[0885] exist Figure 77 In the example, s=2, i=1, s_0=0, s_1=1, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 1. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 3, 6, 9, …, and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=13, 16, 19, 22, … The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 4 to 6. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 4 to 6. The intra-group interval increases from 2 to 3.

[0886] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0887] -◆Scenario 2: Basic DMRS Type 2

[0888] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0889] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0890] k=(1+s_0)(6+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 0)

[0891] k=(1+s_1)(6+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 1)

[0892] k=(1+s_2)(6+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 2)

[0893] k'=0, 1

[0894] n=0, 1, …

[0895] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0896] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[0897] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[0898] s_2∈{0, 1, …}

[0899] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[0900] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0901] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0902] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0903] s_2 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0904] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0905] (1+s_0)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0906] (1+s_1)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0907] (1+s_2)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2.

[0908] 1+i can also represent the interval within a group.

[0909] exist Figure 78 In the example, s=4, i=1, s_0=2, s_1=1, s_2=0, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 2, 30, 32, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=3, 5, 23, 25, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs of k=6, 8, 16, 18, …. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 6 to 30. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 6 to 20. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2 increases from the existing 6 to 10. The intra-group interval increases from 1 to 2.

[0910] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0911] -◆Scenario 3: Enhanced DMRS Type 1

[0912] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0913] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0914] k=(1+s_0)(8+s)n+(2+i)k'+Δ(Set type 1, CDM group 0)

[0915] k=(1+s_1)(8+s)n+(2+i)k'+Δ(Setting type 1, CDM group 1)

[0916] k'=0, 1

[0917] n=0, 1, …

[0918] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0919] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[0920] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[0921] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[0922] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0923] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0924] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0925] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0926] (1+s_0)(8+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0927] (1+s_1)(8+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0928] 2+i can also represent the interval within a group.

[0929] exist Figure 79In the example, s=6, i=1, s_0=1, s_1=0, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3, and Δ=0, 1. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 3, 6, 9, 28, 31, 34, 37, …, and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=1, 4, 7, 10, 15, 18, 21, 24, … The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 8 to 28. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 8 to 14. The intra-group interval increases from 2 to 3.

[0930] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0931] -◆Scenario 4: Enhanced DMRS Type 2

[0932] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0933] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0934] k=(1+s_0)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 0, k'=0, 1)

[0935] k=(1+s_1)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 1, k'=0, 1)

[0936] k=(1+s_2)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 2, k'=0, 1)

[0937] k=(1+s_0)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ+4+i(Set type 2, CDM group 0, k'=2, 3)

[0938] k=(1+s_1)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ+4+i(Set type 2, CDM group 1, k'=2, 3)

[0939] k=(1+s_2)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2)Δ+4+i(Set type 2, CDM group 2, k'=2, 3)

[0940] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0941] n=0, 1, …

[0942] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0943] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[0944] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[0945] s_2∈{0, 1, …}

[0946] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 6}

[0947] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0948] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0949] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0950] s_2 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0951] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0952] (1+s_0)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0953] (1+s_1)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0954] (1+s_2)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2.

[0955] 1+i can also represent the interval within a group.

[0956] exist Figure 80 In the example, s=10, i=1, s_0=0, s_1=1, s_2=2, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 2, 9, 11, 22, 24, 31, 33, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=3, 5, 12, 14, 35, 37, 44, 46, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs of k=6, 8, 15, 17, 48, 50, 57, 59, … The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 is increased from the existing 12 to 22. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 is increased from the existing 12 to 32. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2 has been increased from the current 12 to 42. The intra-group interval has been increased from 1 to 2.

[0957] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0958] ◆Option 4

[0959] In at least one CDM group, the reuse group interval is increased, the inter-group interval is increased, and the intra-group interval is maintained. Different sparsity factors can also be used across multiple CDM groups. This option can also be applied only to basic / enhanced type 2. This option can also be applied to at least one of the following cases.

[0960] -◆Scenario 1: Basic DMRS Type 2

[0961] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0962] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0963] k=(1+s_0)(6+s)n+k'+(1+j / 2)Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 0)

[0964] k=(1+s_1)(6+s)n+k'+(1+j / 2)Δ (Setting type 2, CDM group 1)

[0965] k=(1+s_2)(6+s)n+k'+(1+j / 2)Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 2)

[0966] k'=0, 1

[0967] n=0, 1, …

[0968] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0969] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[0970] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[0971] s_2∈{0, 1, …}

[0972] j∈{0, 1, …, s / / 2}

[0973] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0974] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0975] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0976] s_2 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[0977] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[0978] (1+s_0)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[0979] (1+s_1)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[0980] (1+s_2)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2.

[0981] 1+j / 2 can also represent the intergroup interval.

[0982] exist Figure 81 In the example, s=4, j=1, s_0=0, s_1=1, s_2=0, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 1, 10, 11, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=3, 4, 23, 24, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs of k=6, 7, 16, 17, …. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 6 to 10. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 6 to 20. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2 increases from the existing 6 to 10. The inter-group interval increases from 2 to 3.

[0983] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[0984] -◆Scenario 2: Enhanced DMRS Type 2

[0985] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[0986] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[0987] k=(1+s_0)(12+s)n+k'+(1+j / 2)Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 0, k'=0, 1)

[0988] k=(1+s_1)(12+s)n+k'+(1+j / 2)Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 1, k'=0, 1)

[0989] k=(1+s_2)(12+s)n+k'+(1+j / 2)Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 2, k'=0, 1)

[0990] k = (1 + s_0)(12 + s)n + k' + (1 + j / 2)Δ + 4 + 3j (Set type 2, CDM group 0, k' = 2, 3)

[0991] k = (1 + s_1)(12 + s)n + k' + (1 + j / 2)Δ + 4 + 3j (Set type 2, CDM group 1, k' = 2, 3)

[0992] k = (1 + s_2)(12 + s)n + k' + (1 + j / 2)Δ + 4 + 3j (Set type 2, CDM group 2, k' = 2, 3)

[0993] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[0994] n=0, 1, …

[0995] s∈{0, 1, …}

[0996] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[0997] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[0998] s_2∈{0, 1, …}

[0999] j∈{0, 1, …, s / / 5}

[1000] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1001] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1002] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1003] s_2 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1004] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1005] (1+s_0)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[1006] (1+s_1)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[1007] (1+s_2)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2.

[1008] 1+j / 2 can also represent the intergroup interval.

[1009] exist Figure 82 In the example, s=10, j=1, s_0=0, s_1=1, s_2=2, and k is determined based on n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 1, 9, 10, 22, 23, 31, 32, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=3, 4, 12, 13, 47, 48, 56, 57, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs of k=6, 7, 15, 16, 72, 73, 81, 82, …. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 12 to 22. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 12 to 34. The multiplexing interval in CDM group 2 has been increased from the current 12 to 66. The inter-group interval has been increased from 2 to 3.

[1010] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[1011] ◆Option 5

[1012] The reuse group interval is increased in at least one CDM group, the intra-group interval is increased, and the inter-group interval is increased. Different sparsity factors can also be used between multiple CDM groups. This option can also be applied to at least one of the following situations.

[1013] -◆Scenario 1: Basic DMRS Type 1

[1014] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[1015] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[1016] k=(1+s_0)(4+s)n+(2+i)k'+(1+j)Δ(Set type 1, CDM group 0)

[1017] k=(1+s_1)(4+s)n+(2+i)k'+(1+j)Δ (Setting type 1, CDM group 1)

[1018] k'=0, 1

[1019] n=0, 1, …

[1020] s∈{0, 1, …}

[1021] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[1022] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[1023] i∈{0, 1, …, s}

[1024] j∈{0, 1, …, si}

[1025] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1026] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1027] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1028] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1029] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1030] (1+s_0)(4+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[1031] (1+s_1)(4+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[1032] 2+i can also represent the interval within a group.

[1033] 1+j can also represent the intergroup interval.

[1034] exist Figure 83 In the example, s=4, i=2, j=1, s_0=0, s_1=1, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0,1. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 4, 8, 12, …, and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=2, 6, 18, 22, …. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 4 to 8. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 4 to 16. The intra-group interval is maintained at the existing 2. The inter-group interval increases from the existing 1 to 2.

[1035] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[1036] -◆Scenario 2: Basic DMRS Type 2

[1037] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[1038] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[1039] k=(1+s_0)(6+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2+j / 2)Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 0)

[1040] k=(1+s_1)(6+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2+j / 2)Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 1)

[1041] k=(1+s_2)(6+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2+j / 2)Δ(Setting type 2, CDM group 2)

[1042] k'=0, 1

[1043] n=0, 1, …

[1044] s∈{0, 1, …}

[1045] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[1046] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[1047] s_2∈{0, 1, …}

[1048] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[1049] j∈{0, 1, …, (s-3i) / / 2}

[1050] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1051] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1052] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1053] s_2 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1054] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1055] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1056] (1+s_0)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[1057] (1+s_1)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[1058] (1+s_2)(6+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2.

[1059] 1+i can also represent the interval within a group.

[1060] (1+i / 2+j / 2)×2 can also represent the intergroup interval.

[1061] exist Figure 84 In the example, s=10, i=1, j=2, s_0=2, s_1=1, s_2=0, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 2, 48, 50, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=5, 7, 37, 39, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs of k=10, 12, 26, 28, … The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 6 to 48. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 6 to 32. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2 increases from the existing 6 to 16. The intra-group interval increases from the existing 1 to 2. The inter-group interval increases from the existing 2 to 5.

[1062] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[1063] -◆Scenario 3: Enhanced DMRS Type 1

[1064] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[1065] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[1066] k=(1+s_0)(8+s)n+(2+i)k'+(1+j)Δ(Set type 1, CDM group 0)

[1067] k=(1+s_1)(8+s)n+(2+i)k'+(1+j)Δ (Setting type 1, CDM group 1)

[1068] k'=0, 1

[1069] n=0, 1, …

[1070] s∈{0, 1, …}

[1071] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[1072] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[1073] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 3}

[1074] j∈{0, 1, …, s-3i}

[1075] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1076] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1077] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1078] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1079] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1080] (1+s_0)(8+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[1081] (1+s_1)(8+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[1082] 2+i can also represent the interval within a group.

[1083] 1+j can also represent the intergroup interval.

[1084] exist Figure 85 In the example, s=12, i=3, j=2, s_0=1, s_1=0, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3, and Δ=0, 1. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 5, 10, 15, 40, 45, 50, 55, …, and CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=3, 8, 13, 18, 23, 28, 33, 38, …. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 8 to 40. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 8 to 20. The intra-group interval increases from the existing 2 to 5. The inter-group interval increases from the existing 1 to 3.

[1085] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[1086] -◆Scenario 4: Enhanced DMRS Type 2

[1087] k can also follow at least one of the following formulas.

[1088] --◆The calculation formula 0:k can also be calculated using the following formula.

[1089] k=(1+s_0)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2+j / 2)Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 0, k'=0, 1)

[1090] k=(1+s_1)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2+j / 2)Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 1, k'=0, 1)

[1091] k=(1+s_2)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2+j / 2)Δ(Set type 2, CDM group 2, k'=0, 1)

[1092] k=(1+s_0)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2+j / 2)Δ+4+i+3j(Set type 2, CDM group 0, k'=2,3)

[1093] k=(1+s_1)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2+j / 2)Δ+4+i+3j(Set type 2, CDM group 1, k'=2,3)

[1094] k=(1+s_2)(12+s)n+(1+i)k'+(1+i / 2+j / 2)Δ+4+i+3j(Set type 2, CDM group 2, k'=2,3)

[1095] k'=0, 1, 2, 3

[1096] n=0, 1, …

[1097] s∈{0, 1, …}

[1098] s_0∈{0, 1, …}

[1099] s_1∈{0, 1, …}

[1100] s_2∈{0, 1, …}

[1101] i∈{0, 1, …, s / / 6}

[1102] j∈{0, 1, …, (s-6i) / / 5}

[1103] s can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1104] s_0 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1105] s_1 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1106] s_2 can be set via NW or defined via specification.

[1107] i can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1108] j can be set via NW or defined via a specification.

[1109] (1+s_0)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0.

[1110] (1+s_1)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1.

[1111] (1+s_2)(12+s) can also represent the multiplexing group interval in CDM group 2.

[1112] 1+i can also represent the interval within a group.

[1113] (1+i / 2+j / 2)×2 can also represent the intergroup interval.

[1114] exist Figure 86 In the example, s=14, i=1, j=1, s_0=0, s_1=1, s_2=2, and k is determined by n=0, 1, …, k'=0, 1, 2, 3, and Δ=0, 2, 4. In this case, CDM group 0 can also be configured in REs of k=0, 2, 12, 14, 26, 28, 38, 40, …, CDM group 1 can also be configured in REs of k=4, 6, 16, 18, 56, 58, 68, 70, …, and CDM group 2 can also be configured in REs of k=8, 10, 20, 22, 86, 88, 98, 100, … The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 0 increases from the existing 12 to 26. The multiplexing group interval in CDM group 1 increases from the existing 12 to 52. The multiplexing interval in CDM Group 2 has increased from the current 12 to 78. The intra-group interval has increased from the current 1 to 2. The inter-group interval has increased from the current 2 to 4.

[1115] --◆Calculation Formula 1: Similar to Implementation Method 1-1, the starting point (offset) o of CDM group 0 can also be applied to calculation formula 0.

[1116] <<Implementation Methods 1-3>>

[1117] This implementation allows for customization of the subcarrier index for each DMRS CDM group. This implementation may also follow at least one of the following options.

[1118] ◆Option 1

[1119] You can also customize the subcarrier index for each DMRS CDM group based on the Rel.18 DMRS pattern. This option can also be applied to at least one of the following cases.

[1120] -◆Scenario 1 / 2: In Basic / Enhanced DMRS Configuration Type 1, a custom subcarrier index is defined for each DMRS CDM group. Resources for each DMRS port / CDM group can also be indicated / set using at least one of the custom parameters n, Δ, k', and k.

[1121] --◆This situation may also follow at least one of the following parameters.

[1122] ---◆To determine which subcarrier corresponds to the DMRS, a subset of n can also be indicated / set.

[1123] ---◆To determine which subcarrier corresponds to the DMRS, a subset of Δ can also be indicated / set.

[1124] ---◆To determine which subcarrier corresponds to the DMRS, a subset of k' can also be indicated / set.

[1125] ---◆To determine which subcarrier corresponds to the DMRS, a subset of k can also be indicated / set.

[1126] ---◆To determine which subcarrier corresponds to the DMRS, a combination of at least two of the following can be indicated / set: a subset of n, a subset of Δ, a subset of k', and a subset of k.

[1127] --◆as Figure 87 As in the example, it could also be that the subcarrier indexes {0, 2, 4, …, 34} for CDM group 0 and {1, 3, 5, …, 35} for CDM group 1 are customized in basic / enhanced DMRS configuration type 1, and the subcarrier indexes {0, 4, 6, 8, 16, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 32, 34} for CDM group 0 and {1, 3, 9, 11, 15, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 33, 35} for CDM group 1 are configured via NW.

[1128] -◆Scenario 3 / 4: In basic / enhanced DMRS configuration type 2, a custom subcarrier index is defined for each DMRS CDM group. Resources for each DMRS port / CDM group can also be indicated / set using at least one of the custom parameters n, Δ, k', and k.

[1129] --◆This situation may also follow at least one of the following parameters.

[1130] ---◆To determine which subcarrier corresponds to the DMRS, a subset of n can also be indicated / set.

[1131] ---◆To determine which subcarrier corresponds to the DMRS, a subset of Δ can also be indicated / set.

[1132] ---◆To determine which subcarrier corresponds to the DMRS, a subset of k' can also be indicated / set.

[1133] ---◆To determine which subcarrier corresponds to the DMRS, a subset of k can also be indicated / set.

[1134] ---◆To determine which subcarrier corresponds to the DMRS, a combination of at least two of the following can be indicated / set: a subset of n, a subset of Δ, a subset of k', and a subset of k.

[1135] --◆as Figure 88 As in the example, it could also be that, in the custom basic / enhanced DMRS configuration type 2, the subcarrier indices for CDM group 0 are {0, 1, 6, 7, 12, 13, 18, 19, 24, 25, 30, 31}, the subcarrier indices for CDM group 1 are {2, 3, 8, 9, 14, 15, 20, 21, 26, 27, 32, 33}, and the subcarrier indices for CDM group 2 are {4, 5, 10, 11, 16, 17, 22, 23, 28, 29, 34, 35}, and the subcarrier indices for CDM group 0 are {0, 1, 6, 7, 30, 31}, and the subcarrier indices for CDM group 1 are {14, 15, 20, 21, 26}, are set via NW. 27, 32, 33} and subcarrier indices {4, 5, 10, 11, 16, 17, 28, 29, 34, 35} for CDM group 2.

[1136] ◆Option 2

[1137] Alternatively, you can customize the subcarrier index for each DMRS CDM group without considering the Rel.18 DMRS pattern.

[1138] Alternatively, subcarrier indices can be customized for the two DMRS CDM groups (basic / enhanced DMRS configuration type 1) without considering the Rel.18 DMRS pattern. For example... Figure 89As in the example, it is also possible to customize the subcarrier indexes that can be used {0, 1, …, 35}, and set the subcarrier indexes {0, 1, 4, 6, 8, 20, 22, 24, 25, 34} for CDM group 0 and {3, 9, 10, 11, 19, 23, 26, 35} for CDM group 1 through NW.

[1139] Alternatively, subcarrier indices can be customized for the three DMRS CDM groups (basic / enhanced DMRS setting type 2) without considering the Rel.18 DMRS pattern. For example... Figure 90 As in the example, it is also possible to customize the subcarrier indices that can be used {0, 1, …, 35}, and set the subcarrier indices {0, 6, 20, 24, 25, 34} for CDM group 0, {3, 9, 19, 35} for CDM group 1, and {4, 8, 10, 11, 13, 17, 21, 22, 23, 28, 30, 31} for CDM group 2 through NW.

[1140] <<Implementation Methods 1-4>>

[1141] This implementation relates to the setting of the reduced DMRS. This implementation may also follow at least one of the following options.

[1142] ◆Option 1

[1143] In non-AI / ML channel estimation, the UE obtains the DMRS frequency setting parameters from the NW via Note 1, which is described later. These parameters may also include at least one of the following parameters.

[1144] -◆DMRS setting type.

[1145] -◆Increased multiplexing group interval. Or, the parameter s associated with it.

[1146] -◆Increased intra-group interval. Or, the parameter i associated with it.

[1147] -◆Increased inter-group interval. Or, the parameter j associated with it.

[1148] -◆ Multiple CDM groups with different reuse group intervals / different sparsity factors. Or, the parameters s_0, s_1, s_2 associated with them.

[1149] -◆ Subcarrier index for each CDM group.

[1150] -◆Other auxiliary parameters.

[1151] -◆A combination of multiple parameters within the above parameters.

[1152] ◆Option 2

[1153] In AI / ML channel estimation, the parameters for setting DMRS frequency resources (DMRS setting / DMRS setting parameters / DMRS frequency setting parameters) are obtained by following the ID of the AI / ML function / model that is set / activated / selected. These parameters may also follow at least one of the following procedures.

[1154] -◆The functions / models of AI / ML correspond to one or more sets of DMRS frequency setting parameters.

[1155] -◆The UE determines the DMRS frequency setting parameters based on the AI / ML function / model. Here, the UE may also follow at least one of the following procedures.

[1156] --◆UE can also directly determine the DMRS frequency setting parameters (set) based on AI / ML functions / models.

[1157] --◆The UE can also determine the DMRS frequency setting parameters (set) based on the AI / ML functions / models combined with the UE's capabilities.

[1158] -◆The UE determines the DMRS frequency setting parameters based on the results / outputs of the associated AI / ML function / model ID.

[1159] -◆The UE / NW can also select one of multiple DMRS frequency setting parameter sets. The ID of the selected set is received / reported by the UE via at least one of the notes 1 to 3 described below.

[1160] -◆Change: Alternatively, the DMRS frequency setting parameters are set, and the UE determines which AI / ML function / model to use based on these DMRS frequency setting parameters.

[1161] ◆Option 3

[1162] A combination of options 1 and 2. For example, option 1 is used to determine several candidate DMRS frequency setting parameters, and option 2 is used to determine the DMRS frequency setting parameter from among these candidate DMRS frequency setting parameters.

[1163] <<Implementation Methods 1-5>>

[1164] This implementation involves scheduling constraints / adjustments.

[1165] In addition to at least one of embodiments 1-1 to 1-3, the DMRS settings can also be adjusted according to the scheduling granularity related to the number X of RBs in each scheduling unit / RB group.

[1166] Based on at least one of Implementations 1-1 to 1-3 using a certain setting (s / i / j) of multiplexing group interval / intra-group interval / inter-group interval, different numbers of DMRS REs may exist within each scheduling unit, leading to high complexity in channel estimation on the UE side. For example, if we assume that for the first port and the second port in a 2-port DMRS setting within an RB, the number of DMRS REs in the frequency domain are 4 and 2 respectively, then to accommodate the different numbers of DMRS REs in the frequency domain, two separate channel estimation algorithms should be needed for the first port and the second port. However, for both ports, when the number of DMRSs in the frequency domain is the same, the same channel estimation algorithm is expected.

[1167] This implementation may also follow at least one of the following guidelines.

[1168] ◆Policy 1 (UE perspective, policy for upper-level (high-performance) UEs): The UE can also envision different patterns for DMRS RE locations for different scheduling units / RB groups, and perform corresponding channel estimation or DMRS transmission accordingly. For example, in scenario 2 of option 1 of implementation 1-1, the DMRS settings in the two RBs can also be non-uniform as follows ( Figure 91A ).

[1169] -◆The subcarrier index in CDM group 0 is {0, 1, 10, 11, 20, 21}.

[1170] -◆The subcarrier index in CDM group 1 is {2, 3, 12, 13}.

[1171] -◆The subcarrier index in CDM group 2 is {4, 5, 14, 15}.

[1172] -◆For CDM group 0, channel estimation algorithm 1, which estimates the channel based on 6 DMRS REs, can also be used. For CDM groups 1 and 2, channel estimation algorithm 2, which estimates the channel based on 4 DMRS REs, can also be used. Alternatively, the UE can jointly estimate the channel based on CDM groups 0 to 2 in the two RBs.

[1173] ◆Policy 2 (NW perspective, policy for lower-level (low-performance) UEs): In order to ensure the same DMRS RE position in different scheduling units / RB groups, there may also be constraints on the DMRS settings in at least one of embodiments 1-1 to 1-3. For example, in case 2 of option 1 of embodiment 1-1, in order to obtain a uniform DMRS setting in the two RBs as follows, s may also be equal to 12 ( Figure 91B ).

[1174] -◆The subcarrier index in CDM group 0 is {0, 1, 12, 13}.

[1175] -◆The subcarrier index in CDM group 1 is {2, 3, 14, 15}.

[1176] -◆The subcarrier index in CDM group 2 is {4, 5, 16, 17}.

[1177] -◆For CDM groups 0 to 2, channel estimation algorithm 1, which is used to estimate the channel based on 4 DMRS REs, can also be used.

[1178] <<Implementation Methods 1-6>>

[1179] This implementation involves UE capabilities.

[1180] The UE may also report at least one of the following capabilities.

[1181] ◆The capabilities of each implementation method.

[1182] ◆The capabilities of each option in each implementation, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each implementation.

[1183] ◆The capabilities of each option in each implementation, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each implementation.

[1184] ◆The capabilities of each policy in implementation methods 1-5.

[1185] UE can also report at least one of the above capabilities by ID for each function or model.

[1186] The UE may also report at least one of the above capabilities per frequency. The UE may report at least one of the above capabilities per UE (with or without TDD and FDD, with or without terrestrial network (TN) and non-terrestrial network (NTN)), or per frequency range (FR), per SCS, per band, per band combination, per FS, or per FSPC.

[1187] According to this embodiment, at least one of reducing DMRS resources / overhead and increasing DMRS ports can be achieved.

[1188] <Implementation Method 2>

[1189] This implementation involves a new setting for DMRS in the time domain. This setting can also correspond to a function / model (ID) of a certain AI / ML.

[1190] This implementation can also improve the interval between multiple DMRS time resources regularly or irregularly by redesigning / adding the time domain positions of PDSCH / PUSCH in the existing specifications.

[1191] The reduction in the time domain of DMRS for DMRS port / CDM group settings can also follow at least one of the following implementation methods 2-x.

[1192] <<Implementation Method 2-0>>

[1193] This implementation further indicates the location from the selected location based on the setting table in Rel.18, thereby reducing the time-domain DMRS resources in each time slot. This indication can be specified in the specification, set by NW via Note 1 (described later), or associated with the function / model (ID) of AI / ML.

[1194] The setting of DMRS resources in the frequency domain can also be determined based on existing DMRS settings and at least one of the implementation methods in 1.

[1195] The new settings can also include the following information.

[1196] ◆Indication of DMRS resources within the selected symbols in each time slot. For example, such as... Figure 92AAs in the example, when the DMRS is set with 4 symbols (1 symbol for the preceding DMRS and 3 symbols for the appending DMRS) via 'pos3', the indication for 'pos3' can also be a bitmap mask [1 0 1 1] to select from multiple reserved DMRS positions. These 4 symbols can also correspond to the 4 bits of the bitmap mask. A value of 1 for each bit can also indicate that the corresponding symbol is used in the DMRS. For example... Figure 92B As in the example, the first, third, and fourth symbols in a 4-symbol DMRS can also be indicated by the bitmap mask [1 0 1 1] and used in the DMRS.

[1197] <<Implementation Method 2-1>>

[1198] This implementation reduces the maximum number of available locations for using flexible locations in the time domain in each time slot. These flexible locations can be specified in the specification, set by NW via Note 1 (described later), or associated with the ID of an AI / ML function / model (e.g., the result / output of the ID of the set / indicated function / model).

[1199] The setting of DMRS resources in the frequency domain can also be determined based on existing DMRS settings and at least one of the implementation methods in 1.

[1200] The new settings may also include at least one of the following information.

[1201] ◆A new table for DMRS location.

[1202] ◆ New parameters within this table. For example, l A2_10 , x A2_10 , y A2_10 .

[1203] ◆Indication of DMRS resources within the selected symbols in each time slot. For example, such as... Figure 93A As in the example, when a 3-symbol DMRS (a 1-symbol pre-DMRS and a 2-symbol append DMRS) is set via 'pos2', the indication can also be a bitmap mask [0 1 1] to select the second and third symbols. These 3 symbols can also correspond to the 3 bits of the bitmap mask. A value of 1 for each bit can also indicate that the corresponding symbol is used in the DMRS. For example... Figure 93B As in the example, the second and third symbols in a 3-symbol DMRS can also be used in the DMRS by means of a bitmap mask [0 1 1].

[1204] ◆A combination of two or more pieces of information from the above information.

[1205] <<<Example of Implementation Method 2-1>>>

[1206] Figure 94 This is an example of table D11-1, which contains the DMRS positions for single-symbol DMRS used in PDSCH. The table shows the positions for l. d The combination of dmrs-AdditionalPosition - The value. According to this table, the maximum number of available locations for DMRS resources set in the time domain within a time slot is reduced. At DMRS location l - For (l) A2_14 , x A2_14 ,y A2_14 With a 3-bit bit mask of (1, 0, 1), the actual DMRS position is l. - For (l) A2_14 ,y A2_14 ).

[1207] Figure 95 This is an example of table D11-2, which contains the DMRS positions for PDSCH using dual-symbol DMRS. The table shows the positions for l. d The combination of dmrs-AdditionalPosition - The value. According to the table, the maximum number of available locations for DMRS resources set in the time domain within a time slot is reduced.

[1208] <<Implementation Method 2-2>>

[1209] This implementation involves frequency domain resources in the time domain of DMRS.

[1210] In each time slot, different DMRS resources in the frequency domain can be used for different symbols. This setting can be specified in the specification, set by NW via Note 1 (described later), or associated with the function / model (ID) of AI / ML.

[1211] The setting of DMRS resources in the frequency domain can also be determined based on existing DMRS settings and at least one of the implementation methods in 1.

[1212] The symbol settings for DMRS resources in each time slot can also be determined based on existing DMRS settings and at least one of implementation methods 2-1.

[1213] The new setting may also include at least one of the following pieces of information.

[1214] ◆Instructions for setting the frequency domain DMRS resources in specific symbols within each time slot. For example, such as... Figure 96AAs in the example, when the DMRS is set to 3 symbols, such as Figure 96B As in the example, the instruction can also instruct the use of the existing DMRS setting formula for the first DMRS symbol, and the use of implementation 1-1 for the second and third DMRS symbols. The instruction can also be, for example, a bitmap mask [0 1 1].

[1215] <<<Example of Implementation Method 2-2>>>

[1216] The new setting also allows for the representation of different DMRS resources in the frequency domain for different symbols in each time slot.

[1217] For the time domain setting of implementation method 2-1, setting 1 can also be an existing setting, and setting 2 can also be the setting of case 1 of implementation method 1-1.

[1218] For example, setting 1 can also be given by the following formula.

[1219] k = 4n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[1220] k'=0, 1

[1221] n=0, 1, …

[1222] For example, setting 2 can also be given by the following formula.

[1223] k = (4 + s)n + 2k' + Δ (Type 1)

[1224] k'=0, 1

[1225] n=0, 1, …

[1226] s=4

[1227] Figure 97 This is an example of table D12-1, which contains the DMRS positions for single-symbol DMRS used in PDSCH. The table shows the positions for l. d The combination of dmrs-AdditionalPosition - The value can also be given in this table. - The value can also be given for each symbol by setting 1 (Config1) or setting 2 (Config2).

[1228] <<Implementation Methods 2-3>>

[1229] This implementation involves frequency domain resources in the time domain of DMRS.

[1230] In multiple different time slots, at least one different DMRS resource in the frequency domain and time domain can also be used. This setting can be specified in the specification, set by NW via Note 1 (described later), or associated with the function / model (ID) of AI / ML.

[1231] The setting of DMRS resources in the frequency domain can also be determined based on existing DMRS settings and at least one of the implementation methods in 1.

[1232] The symbol settings for DMRS resources in each time slot can also be determined based on existing DMRS settings, implementation method 2-1, and implementation method 2-2.

[1233] The new setting may also include at least one of the following pieces of information.

[1234] ◆ An instruction on the setting of DMRS resources in a specific time slot. For example, this instruction indicates that the existing DMRS settings are used for time slots with SFN mod 2=0, and implementation method 2-1 is used for time slots with SFN mod 2=1.

[1235] ◆ An indication of the setting of the number of DMRS symbols in a specific time slot. For example, this indication means that 'pos0' is set for the time slot with SFN mod 2=0, and 'pos_null' is set for the time slot with SFN mod 2=1.

[1236] ◆A combination of two or more pieces of information from the above information.

[1237] Change: UE may also not expect / envision PDSCH / PUSCH / PDCCH / PUCCH that does not contain DMRS symbols within the DMRS bundled time-domain window.

[1238] <<<Examples of Implementation Methods 2-3>>>

[1239] The new setting also allows for the representation of different DMRS resources in the frequency domain across multiple time slots in the time domain.

[1240] For example, in a time slot where SFN mod 2 = 0, the time slot is set to the existing DMRS setting, the number of symbols is 'pos0', and the position is l0. Alternatively, in a time slot where SFN mod 2 = 1, the time slot is set to implementation method 2-1, the number of symbols is 'pos1' (bitmap [0 1]), and the position is (l) in the table-based l0. A1_14 , x A1_14 When the bitmap is [0 1], the actual position l0 is (x A1_14 ).

[1241] <<Implementation Methods 2-4>>

[1242] This implementation involves UE capabilities.

[1243] The UE may also report at least one of the following capabilities.

[1244] ◆The capabilities of each implementation method.

[1245] ◆The capabilities of each option in each implementation, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each implementation.

[1246] ◆The capabilities of each option in each implementation, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each implementation.

[1247] ◆Supports enhanced DMRS capabilities.

[1248] UE can also report at least one of the above capabilities by ID for each function or model.

[1249] The UE may also report at least one of the above capabilities per frequency. The UE may report at least one of the above capabilities per UE (with or without TDD and FDD, with or without terrestrial network (TN) and non-terrestrial network (NTN)), or per frequency range (FR), per SCS, per band, per band combination, per FS, or per FSPC.

[1250] According to this embodiment, at least one of reducing DMRS resources / overhead and increasing DMRS ports can be achieved.

[1251] <Implementation Method 3>

[1252] This implementation involves a new setting for DMRS in the code field. This setting can also correspond to a function / model (ID) of a certain AI / ML.

[1253] This implementation can also be designed to replace the non-orthogonal (overlay) code of OCC, under the condition of reduced time / frequency resources, in order to maintain the DMRS ports supported within the existing CDM group.

[1254] The reduction in the code field of the DMRS configured for the DMRS port / CDM group can also follow at least one of the following implementation methods 3-x.

[1255] <<Implementation Method 3-1>>

[1256] This implementation further indicates the location from the selected position (time domain / frequency domain resources) based on the setting table in Rel.18, thereby reducing the DMRS resources of the code domain in each CDM group. This indication can be specified in the specification, set by NW via Note 1 described later, or associated with the function / model (ID) of AI / ML.

[1257] The setting of DMRS resources in the frequency / time domain can also be determined based on existing DMRS settings, implementation method 1, and implementation method 2.

[1258] The new CDM settings may also include at least one of the following information.

[1259] ◆Instructions for DMRS resources selected for one or more CDM groups. These instructions may also comply with at least one of the following:

[1260] -◆This indication can be per CDM group or is common to all CDM groups. For example, to further select resources from multiple reserved DMRS resources, a bitmap mask for each of more than one CDM group can be used. For example, to indicate reserved / cancelled DMRS resources, an RE index for each of more than one CDM group can be used.

[1261] -◆The mapping relationship between this bitmap and the DMRS REs within a CDM group can be defined by the specification or set by the NW (e.g., it can also be included in a new CDM setting). This mapping relationship can also indicate which DMRS RE within a CDM group a bit in the bitmap corresponds to. For example, multiple DMRS REs within a CDM group are sorted, and multiple bits in the bitmap are mapped one-to-one to the sorted multiple DMRS REs. Regarding the order of multiple DMRS REs within a CDM group, it can be either first sorted in ascending or descending order in the frequency domain (if multiple resources exist at the same time, then sorted in ascending or descending order in the frequency domain), and then sorted in ascending or descending order in the time domain, or first sorted in ascending or descending order in the time domain (if multiple resources exist at the same frequency, then sorted in ascending or descending order in the time domain), and then sorted in ascending or descending order in the frequency domain.

[1262] New settings for power enhancement can also be introduced for new CDM settings. For example, the new settings could also enhance the existing amplitude scaling factor (or the ratio β of PDSCH / PUSCH EPRE to DMRS EPRE) for each of more than one CDM group. DMRS[dB]). For example, a new setting could also be introduced for each of more than one CDM group, introducing a new amplitude scaling factor (or the ratio β of PDSCH / PUSCH EPRE to DMRS EPRE). DMRS [dB]) and the new form.

[1263] The UE may also not expect / envision receiving existing DMRS ports and new (based on more than one implementation) DMRS ports within the same CDM group sent by DL.

[1264] The UE may also not expect / envision that it will transmit existing DMRS ports and new DMRS ports (based on more than one implementation) within the same CDM group transmitted by the UL.

[1265] Even if a portion of the OCC becomes 0, the receiver (UE or NW) can still separate multiple OCCs via AI / ML. By not allocating DMRS and OCCs to REs for a portion of the OCCs, DMRS resources can be reduced while maintaining the number of DMRS ports.

[1266] <<<Example 1 of Implementation Method 3-1>>>

[1267] The bitmap mask can also be the same for each CDM group. In the example of enhanced configuration type 1 single-symbol DMRS, 8 DMRS ports are used, and w_f(0) to w_f(3) and w_t(0) are valid. In this example, ports 1000, 1001, 1008, and 1009 in CDM group 0 and ports 1002, 1003, 1010, and 1011 in CDM group 1 are used. For each CDM group, 4 FD-OCCs are used for 4 DMRS REs, thus supporting 4 DMRS ports. In this example, to apply the bitmap mask, the DMRS REs are sorted in ascending order of their RE indices. Figure 98 as well as Figure 99 As in the example, a 4-bit bitmap mask [1 1 1 0] is applied to the 4 DMRS REs (FD-OCCs of length 4) of each CDM group, thereby applying w_f(0) to w_f(2), and w_f(3) becomes 0. For each CDM group, 4 FD-OCCs are used for 3 DMRS REs, thereby supporting 4 DMRS ports.

[1268] <<<Example 2 of Implementation Method 3-1>>>

[1269] The bitmap mask can also be different for each CDM group. In the example of basic configuration type 2 dual-symbol DMRS, 12 DMRS ports are used, with w_f(0), w_f(1) and w_t(0), w_t(1) being valid. In this example, ports 1000, 1001, 1006, 1007 in CDM group 0, ports 1002, 1003, 1008, 1009 in CDM group 1, and ports 1004, 1005, 1010, 1011 in CDM group 2 are used. For each CDM group, 2 FD-OCCs and 2 TD-OCCs are used for 4 DMRS REs, thus supporting 4 DMRS ports. In this example, to apply the bitmap mask, the DMRS REs are first sorted in ascending order of the RE index in the frequency domain, and then sorted in ascending order of the symbol index in the time domain. Figure 100 as well as Figure 101 As in the example, by applying a 4-bit bitmap mask [1 0 1 1] to the four DMRS REs of CDM group 0, w_f(1)w_t(0) becomes 0. By applying a 4-bit bitmap mask [1 1 0 1] to the four DMRS REs of CDM group 1, w_f(0)w_t(1) becomes 0. By applying a 4-bit bitmap mask [1 1 1 0] to the four DMRS REs of CDM group 2, w_f(1)w_t(1) becomes 0. For each CDM group, two FD-OCCs and two TD-OCCs are used for three DMRS REs, thus supporting four DMRS ports.

[1270] <<<Example 3 of Implementation Method 3-1>>>

[1271] In power enhancement, the DMRS (amplitude) scaling factor β PUSCH DMRS via β PUSCH DMRS =10 -β_DMRS / 20 The DMRS scaling factor can also follow at least one of the following options.

[1272] ◆Option 1: Determine the DMRS scaling factor for each symbol within a CDM group.

[1273] ◆Option 2: Multiple symbols across a CDM group determine the common DMRS scaling factor. For example, the common DMRS scaling factor within a CDM group can also be the minimum value among the DMRS scaling factors of each symbol within the CDM group.

[1274] like Figure 102 As shown in the example table, the ratio β of PDSCH / PUSCH EPRE to DMRS EPRE DMRS[dB] can also be defined by enhancing an existing table. This table shows the DMRS configuration type, the number of DMRS CDM groups without accompanying data, and the β percentage of DMRS reserved within each CDM group [within a symbol]. DMRS .

[1275] <<<Example 4 of Implementation Method 3-1>>>

[1276] In power enhancement, the intermediate quantity α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) It is pre-encoded and multiplied by an amplitude scaling factor β to fit the transmit power. PUSCH DMRS and for port p ~ j Amplitude scaling factor λ p~_j DMRS And it is mapped to physical resources. Based on α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) α k,l (p_j,μ) It can also be given by the following formula E2.

[1277]

[1278] For port p ~ j Amplitude scaling factor λ p~_j DMRS via λ p~_j DMRS =10 -λDMRS / 20 Given. For λ DMRS New tables of [dB] can also be defined in the specification. Figure 103 The example in the new table shows the proportion of DMRS reserved within each CDM group [within a symbol], represented by λ. DMRS .

[1279] <<Implementation Method 3-2>>

[1280] This implementation further indicates the location from the position selected based on the newly set table, thereby reducing the DMRS resources of the code field in each CDM group. This indication can be specified in the specification, set by NW via Note 1 described later, or associated with the function / model (ID) of AI / ML.

[1281] The setting of DMRS resources in the frequency / time domain can also be determined based on existing DMRS settings, implementation method 1, and implementation method 2.

[1282] The new CDM settings may also include at least one of the following information.

[1283] ◆The structure of the tables defined in the new CDM. The table structure may also follow at least one of the following features.

[1284] -◆The table structure can also be determined based on existing CDM settings.

[1285] -◆This table structure can also be a new table structure. For example, for a CDM group that supports up to 8 DMRS ports, the table has an OCC, which is accompanied by 8 parameters instead of the 6 parameters in the existing CDM settings.

[1286] ◆ The parameters of this table. These parameters may also follow at least one of the following characteristics.

[1287] -◆This parameter can also be defined in a table within the specification.

[1288] -◆This new parameter can also be sent between the NW and the UE via Note 2 / Note 3, which will be described later.

[1289] -◆This new parameter can also be generated through AI / ML functions / models.

[1290] -◆This new parameter can also be generated using AI / ML functions / models based on existing orthogonal DMRS ports.

[1291] ◆Instructions for the DMRS resources selected for each CDM group. These instructions may also follow at least one of the following characteristics.

[1292] -◆For example, bitmap masks can also be used for CDM groups to further select resources from reserved DMRS resources.

[1293] -◆The mapping relationship between this bitmap and the DMRS REs within a CDM group can be defined by the specification or set by the NW (e.g., it can also be included in a new CDM setting). This mapping relationship can also indicate which DMRS RE within a CDM group a bit in the bitmap corresponds to. For example, multiple DMRS REs within a CDM group are sorted, and multiple bits in the bitmap are mapped one-to-one to the sorted multiple DMRS REs. Regarding the order of multiple DMRS REs within a CDM group, it can be either first sorted in ascending or descending order in the frequency domain (if multiple resources exist at the same time, then sorted in ascending or descending order in the frequency domain), and then sorted in ascending or descending order in the time domain, or first sorted in ascending or descending order in the time domain (if multiple resources exist at the same frequency, then sorted in ascending or descending order in the time domain), and then sorted in ascending or descending order in the frequency domain.

[1294] New settings for power boosting specific to new CDM configurations can also be introduced. For example, the new settings could calculate the amplitude scaling factor (or the ratio β of PDSCH / PUSCH EPRE to DMRSEPRE) for each of more than one CDM group, following the effective parameters. DMRS [dB]). With the parameters in the new CDM settings normalized, the power enhancement method of Implementation Method 3-1 can be utilized.

[1295] <<<Example 1 of Implementation Method 3-2>>>

[1296] Figure 104 This is an example of table D21-1 showing the CDM settings for DMRS setting type 1 for PDSCH. Figure 105 This is an example of Table D21-2 showing the CDM settings for DMRS type 2 for PDSCH. This example may also follow at least one of the following features.

[1297] ◆The table structure is based on the existing CDM settings. As a change, the CDM settings table can also contain 8 parameters (w_f0_t0, w_f1_t0, w_f2_t0, w_f3_t0, w_f0_t1, w_f1_t1, w_f2_t1, w_f3_t1), instead of the 6 parameters (w_f(0), w_f(1), w_f(2), w_f(3), w_t(0), w_t(1)) for a CDM group.

[1298] ◆Table parameters can also be defined within tables in the specification.

[1299] ◆Similar to Tables D21-1 / D21-2, the tables set up by PUSCH using CDM can also be defined in the specification.

[1300] <<<Example 2 of Implementation Method 3-2>>>

[1301] The aforementioned CDM configuration tables (e.g., D21-1 / D21-2) can also be used for dual-symbol DMRS. Different bitmap masks can also be used for each CDM group. For each CDM group, four FD-OCCs and two TD-OCCs are used for eight DMRS REs, thus supporting eight DMRS ports. For example... Figure 106 as well as Figure 107As in the example, for the settings in Table D21-1, a bitmap mask [1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0] is applied for CDM group 0, and a bitmap mask [1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0] is applied for CDM group 1. The actual parameters are determined by applying a bitmask to the new parameters (FD-OCC / TC-OCC) specified in the table. For CDM group 0, 8 DMRS ports are maintained even when using 6 out of 8 DMRS REs. For CDM group 1, 8 DMRS ports are maintained even when using 5 out of 8 DMRS REs.

[1302] <<<Example 3 of Implementation Method 3-2>>>

[1303] In power enhancement, the amplitude scaling factor can also be calculated by following effective parameters.

[1304] intermediate quantity α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) It is pre-encoded and multiplied by an amplitude scaling factor β to fit the transmit power. PUSCH DMRS and for port p ~ j Amplitude scaling factor λ p~_j DMRS And it is mapped to physical resources. Based on α ~ k,l (p_j,μ) α k,l (p_j,μ) It can also be given by the aforementioned formula E2.

[1305] For Example 2 of Implementation 3-2, regarding the amplitude scaling factor λ for port p=1000 1000 DMRS It can also be given by the following formula E3.

[1306]

[1307] Here, the numerator 8 represents the available DMRS energy. The denominator represents the effective DMRS energy based on the parameters.

[1308] Based on this power boost, as in Example 2 of Implementation 3-2, the power of other DMRS resources can be increased without configuring DMRS for some DMRS resources.

[1309] <<Implementation Method 3-3>>

[1310] To enhance DMRS in at least one of Embodiments 3-1 and 3-2, additional PDSCH processing time may be added to the PDSCH processing capability reported by the UE. This embodiment may also follow at least one of the following options.

[1311] ◆Option 1: Enhance the existing table of PDSCH processing time for PDSCH processing capabilities.

[1312] ◆Option 2: Introduce additional PDSCH processing time settings.

[1313] ◆Option 3: Introduce a new table for PDSCH processing time for new UE capabilities.

[1314] <<<Example 1 of Implementation Method 3-3>>>

[1315] In option 1, such as Figure 108 Similar to the example in Table D31-1, existing tables representing PDSCH processing times for PDSCH processing capability 1 can also be enhanced. These tables contain PDSCH processing times for existing DMRSs (normal DMRS, regular DMRS) and PDSCH processing times for enhanced DMRSs (advanced DMRS) in at least one of Embodiments 3-1 and 3-2. The names of DMRSs / advanced DMRSs and the values ​​of PDSCH processing times are generally not limited to this example.

[1316] <<<Example 2 of Implementation Method 3-3>>>

[1317] In option 2, additional parameters can also be introduced into the existing processing time. For example, T proc,1 It can also be given by the following formula.

[1318] T proc,1 =(N1+N a +d 1,1 +d2)(2048+144)·κ2 -μ ·T C +T ext

[1319] Additional parameter N a Alternatively, additional PDSCH processing time can be added. Figure 109 This indicates that the additional PDSCH processing time N includes μ. a An example from Table D31-2. Add PDSCH processing time / N a The name and the value of the additional PDSCH processing time are not limited to this example.

[1320] <<<Example 3 of Implementation Method 3-3>>>

[1321] Option 3 can also introduce UE processing capability 3. N1 can also be based on at least one of the existing tables and the new tables. Figure 110 This is an example of the new table D31-3. The new table can also show the PDSCH processing time for μ for UE processing capability 3. The name of UE processing capability 3 and the value of PDSCH processing time are not limited to this example.

[1322] <<Implementation Methods 3-4>>

[1323] This implementation involves UE capabilities.

[1324] The UE may also report at least one of the following capabilities.

[1325] ◆The capabilities of each implementation method.

[1326] ◆The capabilities of each option in each implementation, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each implementation.

[1327] ◆The capabilities of each option in each implementation, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each implementation.

[1328] ◆ Supports the ability to transmit PUCCH / PUSCH using enhanced DMRS and receive PDCCH / PDSCH using enhanced DMRS at least once.

[1329] UE can also report at least one of the above capabilities by ID for each function or model.

[1330] The UE may also report at least one of the above capabilities per frequency. The UE may report at least one of the above capabilities per UE (with or without TDD and FDD, with or without terrestrial network (TN) and non-terrestrial network (NTN)), or per frequency range (FR), per SCS, per band, per band combination, per FS, or per FSPC.

[1331] According to this embodiment, at least one of reducing DMRS resources / overhead and increasing DMRS ports can be achieved.

[1332] <Note 1>

[1333] In this disclosure, the process of whether to apply a certain implementation method, which implementation method to apply, whether to apply a certain option / choice, and which option / choice to apply at least one of the following may also follow at least one of the following.

[1334] ◆This process is set through more than one high-level parameter.

[1335] ◆This process is determined by one or more high-level parameters.

[1336] ◆This process is indicated via MAC CE or DCI.

[1337] ◆This process is determined based on more than one UE capability.

[1338] ◆This process is described in the specification.

[1339] ◆This process is based on the conditions described in the specification.

[1340] ◆This process is determined by a combination of two or more of the above processes. For example, the process is determined by the setting / indication of higher-level parameters / MAC CE / DCI and the reported UE capabilities.

[1341] In this disclosure, multiple options / choices can also be combined into one option / choice.

[1342] In this disclosure, it is also possible that, only when the UE reports support for a certain function or model, the UE expects / envisions a certain implementation method or one or more options / options for a certain implementation method.

[1343] <Note 2>

[1344] In this disclosure, the UE may also receive information of at least one of the following types from the NW. In this disclosure, the NW, base station, and gNB may also be interchangeable.

[1345] ◆Information via higher-level signaling (e.g., RRC messages, LTE positioning protocol (LPP) messages).

[1346] ◆MAC CE. It can be either a MAC CE that accompanies a new LCID in the subheader or an enhancement to an existing MAC CE. For example, the enhancement could be the introduction of a new octet.

[1347] ◆DCI. It can be either an existing DCI field or a newly introduced DCI field. The DCI can also be a DCI accompanied by a CRC scrambled via an existing RNTI or a newly introduced RNTI. The DCI can be in either an existing or newly introduced DCI format.

[1348] ◆A combination of two or more types from the above categories.

[1349] In this disclosure, the UE may also receive information from the NW following several periodic types (time-domain behavior).

[1350] ◆Periodicity.

[1351] ◆Semi-persistent. This information can also be triggered by an indication from the UE or NW.

[1352] ◆Aperiodic. This information can also be triggered by an indication from the UE or NW.

[1353] <Note 3>

[1354] In this disclosure, the UE may also report / send at least one type of information from several of the following types to the NW. In this disclosure, the NW, base station, and gNB may also be interchangeable.

[1355] ◆Information via higher-level signaling (e.g., RRC messages, LTE positioning protocol (LPP) messages).

[1356] ◆MAC CE. It can be either a MAC CE accompanying a new LCID in the subheader or an enhancement to an existing MAC CE. For example, the enhancement could be the introduction of a new octet.

[1357] ◆UCI. It can also be the UCI on PUCCH or PUSCH.

[1358] ◆A combination of two or more types from the above categories.

[1359] In this disclosure, the UE may also report / send information to the NW following several periodic types (time-domain behavior).

[1360] ◆Periodicity.

[1361] ◆Semi-persistent. The reporting / transmission of this information can also be triggered by an indication from the UE or NW.

[1362] ◆Non-periodic. The reporting / transmission of this information can also be triggered by an indication from the UE or NW.

[1363] <Note 4>

[1364] In this disclosure, a function can also be a set of parameters that can be supported based on conditions represented by the UE capabilities. For example, the set can also include a set of parameters for at least one of CSI prediction, beam prediction, CSI compression, mobility, prediction of target / candidate beams / cells, RRM prediction, channel estimation, and signal detection.

[1365] In this disclosure, the UE may also report certain parameter values ​​associated with a function or model as conditions to the NW via one or more signaling methods as noted in Note 3. For example, such conditions may also be reported via UE capability reports or UE function / function group reports.

[1366] In this disclosure, the UE may also report certain parameter values ​​associated with a function or model as additional conditions through one or more signaling methods other than signaling on the NW’s air interface, as noted in annotation 3.

[1367] In this disclosure, the UE may also be instructed with certain parameter values ​​as additional conditions through one or more signaling methods other than signaling on the NW’s air interface, as noted in note 2.

[1368] In this disclosure, the UE may also report certain information / indications (e.g., parameter names) related to the above parameters as additional condition information / indications through one or more signaling methods other than signaling on the NW's air interface, as noted in note 3.

[1369] In this disclosure, the UE may also be instructed, via methods other than signaling on the air interface of the NW or one or more signaling methods as indicated by Note 2, to provide information / indications related to the above parameters as additional conditions. For example, the UE may also report the device ID, device vendor ID, etc., as additional conditions. The UE may also be instructed to provide the cell ID as an additional condition. For example, the UE may report or be instructed to provide information / indications such as the name of the parameter (e.g., "Cell ID" or "UE ID" instead of the ID value) as additional conditions.

[1370] In this disclosure, methods other than signaling on the NW's air interface may also refer to (e.g., pre-configuration of the UE by the UE vendor), operator configuration provided by the NW operator, etc.

[1371] <Supplement>

[1372] <<Information Notification to UE>>

[1373] The notification of any information from the network (NW) (e.g., base station (BS)) to the UE in the above-described embodiments (in other words, the reception of any information from the BS in the UE) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[1374] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by the fact that a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) not specified in the existing standard is included in the MAC subheader.

[1375] When the above notification is made through a DCI, the notification can also be made through specific fields of the DCI, the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used in the scrambling of the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[1376] Furthermore, the notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments can also be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[1377] <<Notifications from UE>>

[1378] The notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) in the above embodiments (in other words, the transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MACCE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or combinations thereof.

[1379] In the case where the above notification is made via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by the fact that a new LCID, which is not specified in the existing standard, is included in the MAC subheader.

[1380] In cases where the above notification is sent via UCI, the notification may also be sent using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[1381] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments can also be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[1382] <<Application of Each Implementation Method>>

[1383] In the UE / BS, a specific processing / operation / control / conception / information regarding at least one of the above-described embodiments may also be applied (or used) if any one or more of the following conditions are met:

[1384] • High-level parameters are set to represent the specific processing / operation / control / conception / information mentioned above;

[1385] The specific processing / operation / control / concept / information mentioned above is determined based on associated high-level parameters;

[1386] The aforementioned specific processing / operation / control / conception / information is specified / activated / triggered via MAC CE / DCI / UCI / resource / channel / RS;

[1387] • The report or support indicates (or is associated with) the specific UE capability of the aforementioned specific processing / operation / control / conception / information.

[1388] The application of the aforementioned specific processing / operation / control / conception / information is judged based on specific conditions.

[1389] The specific UE capability mentioned above can also represent at least one of the following:

[1390] • Supports the specific processing / operation / control / concept / information mentioned above;

[1391] • The capabilities of each implementation method.

[1392] • The capabilities of each option in each implementation, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each implementation.

[1393] • The capabilities of each option in each implementation, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each implementation.

[1394] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or per frequency (e.g., one or a combination of cells, bands, band combinations, BWPs, component carriers, etc.), or per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), or per subcarrier spacing (SCS), or per feature set (FS) or per feature set per component carrier (FSPC).

[1395] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be either the ability to be applied across all duplex modes (commonly regardless of the duplex mode) or the capability for each duplex mode (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[1396] If the above conditions are not met, the UE / BS may also follow the operations specified in the existing 3GPP version.

[1397] (Postscript)

[1398] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[1399] [Postscript 1]

[1400] A terminal having:

[1401] The receiving unit receives the settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for the physical uplink shared channel; and

[1402] The control unit, based on the settings, determines multiple frequency resources having a wider interval than multiple specific frequency resources of a specific DMRS based on specific settings, and uses the multiple frequency resources to control the transmission of the DMRS.

[1403] [Postscript 2]

[1404] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, wherein,

[1405] The frequency resource density is equal to that of each of the multiple code division multiplexing (CDM) groups.

[1406] [Postscript 3]

[1407] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein,

[1408] The frequency resource densities corresponding to the multiple code division multiplexing (CDM) groups are different.

[1409] [Postscript 4]

[1410] The terminal as described in any of Appendix 1 to Appendix 3, wherein...

[1411] The setting represents a subset of the plurality of frequency resources.

[1412] (Postscript)

[1413] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[1414] [Postscript 1]

[1415] A terminal having:

[1416] The receiving unit receives the setting of the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the physical downlink shared channel; and

[1417] The control unit, based on the settings, determines multiple frequency resources having a wider interval than multiple specific frequency resources of a specific DMRS based on specific settings, and uses the multiple frequency resources to control the reception of the DMRS.

[1418] [Postscript 2]

[1419] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, wherein,

[1420] The frequency resource density is equal to that of each of the multiple code division multiplexing (CDM) groups.

[1421] [Postscript 3]

[1422] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein,

[1423] The frequency resource densities corresponding to the multiple code division multiplexing (CDM) groups are different.

[1424] [Postscript 4]

[1425] The terminal as described in any of Appendix 1 to Appendix 3, wherein...

[1426] The setting represents a subset of the plurality of frequency resources.

[1427] (Postscript)

[1428] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[1429] [Postscript 1]

[1430] A terminal having:

[1431] The receiving unit receives the settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for the physical uplink shared channel; and

[1432] The control unit, based on the settings, determines one or more time resources as a subset of multiple specific time resources of a specific DMRS based on specific settings, and uses the one or more time resources to control the transmission of the DMRS.

[1433] [Postscript 2]

[1434] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, wherein,

[1435] The setting includes a bitmap representing the portion.

[1436] [Postscript 3]

[1437] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein,

[1438] The more than one time resource refers to multiple time resources, which are different from the multiple frequency resources corresponding to the multiple time resources.

[1439] [Postscript 4]

[1440] The terminal as described in any of Appendix 1 to Appendix 3, wherein...

[1441] This is different from the multiple resources of the DMRS that correspond to the multiple time slots respectively.

[1442] (Postscript)

[1443] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[1444] [Postscript 1]

[1445] A terminal having:

[1446] The receiving unit receives the setting of the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the physical downlink shared channel; and

[1447] The control unit, based on the settings, determines one or more time resources as a subset of multiple specific time resources of a specific DMRS based on specific settings, and uses the one or more time resources to control the reception of the DMRS.

[1448] [Postscript 2]

[1449] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, wherein,

[1450] The setting includes a bitmap representing the portion.

[1451] [Postscript 3]

[1452] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein,

[1453] The more than one time resource refers to multiple time resources, which are different from the multiple frequency resources corresponding to the multiple time resources.

[1454] [Postscript 4]

[1455] The terminal as described in any of Appendix 1 to Appendix 3, wherein...

[1456] This is different from the multiple resources of the DMRS that correspond to the multiple time slots respectively.

[1457] (Postscript)

[1458] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[1459] [Postscript 1]

[1460] A terminal having:

[1461] The receiving unit receives the settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for the physical uplink shared channel; and

[1462] The control unit, based on the settings, determines a subset of resources of a plurality of specific resources of the orthogonal coverage code, and uses the more than one time resource to control the transmission of the DMRS.

[1463] [Postscript 2]

[1464] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, wherein,

[1465] The setting includes a bitmap representing the portion.

[1466] [Postscript 3]

[1467] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein,

[1468] Power boosting is applied to the aforementioned resources.

[1469] [Postscript 4]

[1470] The terminal as described in any of Appendix 1 to Appendix 3, wherein...

[1471] The control unit reports the capability related to the DMRS.

[1472] (Postscript)

[1473] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[1474] [Postscript 1]

[1475] A terminal having:

[1476] The receiving unit receives the setting of the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the physical downlink shared channel; and

[1477] The control unit, based on the settings, determines a subset of resources of a plurality of specific resources of the orthogonal coverage code, and uses one or more time resources to control the reception of the DMRS.

[1478] [Postscript 2]

[1479] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, wherein,

[1480] The setting includes a bitmap representing the portion.

[1481] [Postscript 3]

[1482] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein,

[1483] Power enhancement is applied to the aforementioned resources.

[1484] [Postscript 4]

[1485] The terminal as described in any of Appendix 1 to Appendix 3, wherein...

[1486] Additional processing time is applied for the physical downlink shared channel.

[1487] (Wireless communication system)

[1488] The structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one or a combination of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[1489] Figure 111This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may also be simply referred to as System 1) may also be a system that uses Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) as standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[1490] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple radio access technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[1491] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[1492] Wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (e.g., MN and SN are dual connectivity between NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[1493] The wireless communication system 1 may also include a base station 11 forming a macro cell C1 with a relatively wide coverage area, and a base station 12 (12a-12c) configured within the macro cell C1 and forming a small cell C2 narrower than the macro cell C1. The user terminal 20 may also be located within at least one cell. The configuration, number, shape, size, etc., of each cell and the user terminal 20 are not limited to the manner shown in the figure. Hereinafter, without distinguishing between base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[1494] Alternatively, the wireless communication system 1 can also utilize Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO). For example, a cell can be formed by one antenna / base station 10 or by multiple antennas / base stations 10. A [virtual] cell (e.g., also referred to as a super cell) can also be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (e.g., also referred to as sub-cells). A super cell can also correspond to a cell with a fixed physical range, and a sub-cell can also correspond to a cell with a semi-static / dynamically varying physical range. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 can also be referred to as a cellless system.

[1495] User terminal 20 may also connect to at least one of multiple base stations 10. User terminal 20 may also utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[1496] Each CC can also be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macro cell C1 can also be included in FR1, and small cell C2 can also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 can also be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 can also be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). In addition, the frequency bands, definitions, etc. of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these; for example, FR1 can also correspond to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[1497] In addition, in each CC, the user terminal 20 can also use at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) for communication.

[1498] Multiple base stations 10 can also be connected via wired (e.g., fiber optic cable based on the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication between base stations 11 and 12 is used as a backhaul, base station 11, which is equivalent to a host station, can also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is equivalent to a relay station, can also be referred to as an IAB node.

[1499] Base station 10 may also be connected to core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. Core network 30 may include at least one of Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[1500] The core network 30 may also include, for example, user plane functions (UPF), access and mobility management functions (AMF), session management functions (SMF), unified data management (UDM), application functions (AF), data network (DN), location management functions (LMF), and network functions (NF) such as operation, administration and maintenance (OAM). Alternatively, a single network node may provide multiple functions. Furthermore, communication with external networks (e.g., the Internet) can also be conducted via the DN.

[1501] User terminal 20 can also be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[1502] In wireless communication system 1, wireless access methods based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can also be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) links, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) can also be used.

[1503] Wireless access methods can also be referred to as waveforms. In addition, in wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (e.g., other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) can also be applied in the wireless access methods of UL and DL.

[1504] In the wireless communication system 1, the downlink channel can also be a shared downlink channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), or a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)) shared by each user terminal 20.

[1505] In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel can also be an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), or a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) shared by each user terminal 20.

[1506] User data, high-level control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via PDSCH. User data and high-level control information can also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) can be transmitted via PBCH.

[1507] Lower-layer control information can also be transmitted via PDCCH. This lower-layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (DCI), which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[1508] Additionally, the DCI for scheduling PDSCH can also be called DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling PUSCH can also be called UL authorization, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH can be rewritten as DL data, and PUSCH can be rewritten as UL data.

[1509] In PDCCH detection, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space can also be utilized. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. The search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor CORESETs associated with a specific search space based on search space settings.

[1510] A search space can also correspond to a PDCCH candidate that matches one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces can also be referred to as a search space set. In addition, the terms "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", "CORESET setting" etc. disclosed herein can be rewritten interchangeably.

[1511] Uplink control information (UCI) can also be transmitted via PUCCH, including at least one of the following: Channel State Information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also known as Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACK knowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and Scheduling Request (SR). Random access preambles used for establishing a connection with the cell can also be transmitted via PRACH.

[1512] Additionally, in this disclosure, terms such as downlink and uplink may be used without the word "link". Furthermore, the term "physical" may be omitted from the beginning of various channel names.

[1513] In wireless communication system 1, synchronization signals (SS) and downlink reference signals (DL-RS) can also be transmitted. In wireless communication system 1, as DL-RS, cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), positioning reference signals (PRS), and phase tracking reference signals (PTRS) can also be transmitted.

[1514] Synchronization signals can be, for example, at least one of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block containing SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) can also be called an SS / PBCH block, SS block (SSB), etc. In addition, SS, SSB, etc. can also be called reference signals.

[1515] Furthermore, in wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) can also transmit measurement reference signals (sounding reference signals (SRS)) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS). Additionally, DMRS can also be referred to as user terminal-specific reference signals (UE-specific reference signals).

[1516] (Base station)

[1517] Figure 112 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmit / receive unit 120, a transmit / receive antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. Alternatively, the control unit 110, the transmit / receive unit 120, the transmit / receive antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may each be provided in more than one manner.

[1518] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the base station 10 may also possess other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[1519] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[1520] The control unit 110 can also control signal generation and scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping). The control unit 110 can also control transmission, reception, and measurement using the transmit / receive unit 120, transmit / receive antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmit / receive unit 120. The control unit 110 can also perform call processing (setting, releasing, etc.) of the communication channel, status management of the base station 10, and management of wireless resources.

[1521] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may also include a transmitting processing unit 1211 and a receiving processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuitry, baseband circuitry, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuitry, transmitting / receiving circuitry, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[1522] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[1523] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[1524] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also transmit the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also receive the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[1525] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[1526] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) may, for example, perform processing at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[1527] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) can also perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (as needed), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[1528] For baseband signals, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signals through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130.

[1529] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also amplify, filter, demodulate baseband signals, etc., for signals in the wireless frequency band that are received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 130.

[1530] For the acquired baseband signal, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (receiving and processing unit 1212) can also perform receiving and processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to acquire user data.

[1531] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 can also perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements, channel state information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 can also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 110.

[1532] The transmission path interface 140 can also transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between the device included in the core network 30 (e.g., the network node providing the NF), other base stations 10, etc., and can also acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[1533] In addition, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the base station 10 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one of the transmitting and receiving unit 120, the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 and the transmission path interface 140.

[1534] Additionally, base station 10 can be separated into three elements: Radio Unit (RU), Distributed Unit (DU), and Central Unit (CU). For example, the RU can implement RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level physical layer functions (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU can implement higher-level physical layer functions (from coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU can implement PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions.

[1535] In this disclosure, base station 10 may include a single device that implements all the functions of RU, DU, and CU, or it may include multiple devices that implement a portion of the functions of RU, DU, and CU respectively and are interconnected. In this disclosure, base station 10 and RU / DU / CU may also be rewritten.

[1536] The transmit / receive unit 120 may also transmit settings for a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for a physical uplink shared channel. The control unit 110 may also, based on the settings, determine multiple frequency resources having a wider spacing than multiple specific frequency resources of a specific DMRS based on a specific setting, and use the multiple frequency resources to control the reception of the DMRS.

[1537] The transmit / receive unit 120 can also transmit settings for a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for a physical downlink shared channel. The control unit 110 can also, based on these settings, determine multiple frequency resources having wider intervals than multiple specific frequency resources for a specific DMRS based on a specific setting, and use these multiple frequency resources to control the transmission of the DMRS.

[1538] The transmit / receive unit 120 may also transmit settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the physical uplink shared channel. The control unit 110 may also, based on these settings, determine one or more time resources as a subset of multiple specific time resources for a specific DMRS based on these specific settings, and use these one or more time resources to control the reception of the DMRS.

[1539] The transmit / receive unit 120 can also transmit settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the physical downlink shared channel. The control unit 110 can also, based on these settings, determine one or more time resources as a subset of multiple specific time resources for a specific DMRS based on these specific settings, and use these one or more time resources to control the transmission of the DMRS.

[1540] The transmit / receive unit 120 may also transmit settings for a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for a physical uplink shared channel. The control unit 110 may also, based on these settings, determine multiple resources of a subset of multiple specific resources of an orthogonal coverage code and use one or more of these time resources to control the reception of the DMRS.

[1541] The transmit / receive unit 120 can also transmit settings for a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for a physical downlink shared channel. The control unit 110 can also, based on these settings, determine multiple resources of a subset of multiple specific resources of an orthogonal coverage code, and use one or more of these time resources to control the transmission of the DMRS.

[1542] (User terminal)

[1543] Figure 113 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Alternatively, the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may each be provided as one or more.

[1544] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the user terminal 20 may also possess other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[1545] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[1546] The control unit 210 can also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 can also control transmission, reception, measurement, etc., using the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 220.

[1547] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmitting processing unit 2211 and a receiving processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[1548] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[1549] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[1550] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc., mentioned above. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc., mentioned above.

[1551] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[1552] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may, for example, perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 210, and generate the bit string to be transmitted.

[1553] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[1554] Furthermore, whether or not to apply DFT processing can also be based on the transform precoding settings. For a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), if transform precoding is active (enabled), the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above in order to transmit the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform. If not, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform the above transmission processing without performing DFT processing.

[1555] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also modulate, filter, and amplify the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[1556] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also amplify, filter, demodulate, etc., the signals of the wireless frequency band received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[1557] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (receiving and processing unit 2212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to obtain user data.

[1558] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measurement unit 223) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 can also perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 can also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 210.

[1559] Additionally, the measurement unit 223 can also derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources can be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. Furthermore, the measurement unit 223 can also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources can be at least one of NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. Additionally, CSI-IM can also be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM), and can be interchanged with zero power (ZP) CSI-RS. Furthermore, in this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZPCSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., can also be interchanged.

[1560] Alternatively, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one of the transmitting and receiving unit 220 and the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[1561] The transmit / receive unit 220 can also receive settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for the physical uplink shared channel. The control unit 210 can also, based on the settings, determine multiple frequency resources having a wider spacing than multiple specific frequency resources of a specific DMRS based on a specific setting, and use the multiple frequency resources to control the transmission of the DMRS.

[1562] The frequency resource densities corresponding to multiple code division multiplexing (CDM) groups can also be equal.

[1563] The frequency resource densities corresponding to multiple code division multiplexing (CDM) groups can also be different.

[1564] The setting can also represent a subset of the multiple frequency resources.

[1565] The transmit / receive unit 220 can also receive settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for the physical downlink shared channel. The control unit 210 can also, based on the settings, determine multiple frequency resources having a wider spacing than multiple specific frequency resources of a specific DMRS based on a specific setting, and use the multiple frequency resources to control the reception of the DMRS.

[1566] The frequency resource densities corresponding to multiple code division multiplexing (CDM) groups can also be equal.

[1567] The frequency resource densities corresponding to multiple code division multiplexing (CDM) groups can also be different.

[1568] The setting can also represent a subset of the multiple frequency resources.

[1569] The transmit / receive unit 220 can also receive settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for the physical uplink shared channel. The control unit 210 can also, based on these settings, determine one or more time resources as a subset of multiple specific time resources for a specific DMRS based on these specific settings, and use these one or more time resources to control the transmission of the DMRS.

[1570] The settings may also include bitmaps representing the portion.

[1571] The one or more time resources can also be multiple time resources, and the multiple frequency resources corresponding to the multiple time resources can also be different.

[1572] The resources of the DMRS corresponding to the multiple time slots can also be different.

[1573] The transmit / receive unit 220 can also receive settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for the physical downlink shared channel. The control unit 210 can also, based on these settings, determine one or more time resources as a subset of multiple specific time resources for a specific DMRS based on these specific settings, and use these one or more time resources to control the reception of the DMRS.

[1574] The settings may also include bitmaps representing the portion.

[1575] The one or more time resources can also be multiple time resources, and the multiple frequency resources corresponding to the multiple time resources can also be different.

[1576] The resources of the DMRS corresponding to the multiple time slots can also be different.

[1577] The transmit / receive unit 220 can also receive settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for the physical uplink shared channel. The control unit 210 can also, based on these settings, determine multiple resources of a subset of multiple specific resources of the orthogonal coverage code, and use one or more of these time resources to control the transmission of the DMRS.

[1578] The settings may also include bitmaps representing the portion.

[1579] Power enhancement can also be applied to the aforementioned resources.

[1580] The control unit 210 can also report capabilities related to the DMRS.

[1581] The transmit / receive unit 220 can also receive settings for the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for the physical downlink shared channel. The control unit 210 can also, based on these settings, determine multiple resources of a subset of multiple specific resources of the orthogonal coverage code, and use one or more of these time resources to control the reception of the DMRS.

[1582] The settings may also include bitmaps representing the portion.

[1583] Power enhancement can also be applied to the aforementioned resources.

[1584] Additional processing time can also be applied to the physical downlink shared channel.

[1585] (Hardware structure)

[1586] Furthermore, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments illustrate functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Moreover, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or it can be implemented by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. A functional block can also be implemented by combining one or more of the aforementioned devices with software.

[1587] Here, the functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, export, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regard as, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements the sending function can also be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method is not particularly limited.

[1588] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the base station, user terminal, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 114 This diagram illustrates an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[1589] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit can be interchanged. The hardware structure of base station 10 and user terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the figures, or it can be configured not to include some of the apparatuses.

[1590] For example, only one processor 1001 is shown, but there can be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing can be performed by one processor, or simultaneously, sequentially, or by two or more processors using other methods. Additionally, processor 1001 can be implemented using more than one chip.

[1591] The functions of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are implemented, for example, by reading specific software (programs) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication via the communication device 1004, or controls at least one of reading out and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage device 1003.

[1592] The processor 1001, for example, enables the operating system to operate and control the computer as a whole. The processor 1001 may also be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic devices, registers, etc. For example, at least some of the control unit 110 (210), the transmit / receive unit 120 (220), etc. described above may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[1593] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program that causes the computer to perform at least a portion of the operations described in the above embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated in the processor 1001; similar implementations can be made for other functional blocks.

[1594] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as being composed of at least one of read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage media. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 is capable of storing executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing the wireless communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[1595] Storage device 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as at least one of a flexible disc, floppy disk, optical disk (e.g., compact disc ROM, CD-ROM), digital multifunction disk, Blu-ray disc, removable disk, hard disk drive, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive), stripe, database, server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage device 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[1596] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting and receiving device) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. It is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. To implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the aforementioned transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) and transmitting and receiving antenna 130 (230) can also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) can also be implemented by physically or logically separating the transmitting unit 120a (220a) and the receiving unit 120b (220b).

[1597] Input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). Alternatively, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be an integrated structure (e.g., a touch panel).

[1598] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured as a single bus or as different buses between the devices.

[1599] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and can also use this hardware to implement part or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[1600] In addition, the devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes providing NF) can also be implemented through the functional block / hardware structure described above.

[1601] (Variation example)

[1602] Furthermore, the terms described in this disclosure, as well as those necessary for understanding this disclosure, can be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) can be interchanged. Additionally, a signal can also be a message. A reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS, and may be referred to as pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applied standard. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) can also be referred to as cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[1603] A radio frame can also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) that constitute a radio frame can also be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe can also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[1604] Here, the parameter set can also refer to communication parameters applied in at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, the parameter set can also represent at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

[1605] In the time domain, a time slot can also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.). In addition, a time slot can also be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[1606] A time slot can also contain multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can also consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can also consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-time slot can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[1607] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can also use their respective other names. Furthermore, the time units such as frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols in this disclosure can be interchanged.

[1608] For example, a subframe can also be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and a time slot or a mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. That is to say, at least one of the subframe and TTI can be a subframe in the existing LTE (1ms), a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. In addition, the unit representing TTI may not be called a subframe, but a time slot, mini-time slot, etc.

[1609] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[1610] TTI can also be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., and can also be a unit of processing such as scheduling and link adaptation. In addition, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) mapped to transmission blocks, code blocks, codewords, etc. can be shorter than the TTI.

[1611] Additionally, where a time slot or a mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini-time slot) can also serve as the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the schedule can also be controlled.

[1612] A TTI with a duration of 1 ms can also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub-time slot, a time slot, etc.

[1613] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a duration of less than a long TTI but more than 1 ms.

[1614] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can also contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[1615] Furthermore, an RB can contain one or more symbols in the time domain, and can also be a time slot, a mini-time slot, a subframe, or the length of a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc., can also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[1616] In addition, one or more RBs can also be referred to as Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[1617] In addition, a resource block can also consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, an RE can also be a radio resource area consisting of a subcarrier and a symbol.

[1618] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also referred to as partial bandwidth, etc.) can also represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) used for a certain parameter set in a certain carrier. Here, common RBs can also be determined by the index of RBs based on the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs can also be defined in a BWP and appended with numbers within that BWP.

[1619] A BWP can also include a UL BWP (the BWP used by UL) and a DL BWP (the BWP used by DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs can also be set within a single carrier.

[1620] At least one of the configured BWPs can be active, and the UE may not intend to transmit or receive specific signals / channels outside of the active BWPs. Furthermore, the terms "cell," "carrier," etc., in this disclosure can be rewritten as "BWP."

[1621] Furthermore, the structures described above, such as radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots contained within a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers contained in an RB, and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length can be varied in many ways.

[1622] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented by absolute values, relative values ​​with respect to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can also be indicated by a specific index.

[1623] In this disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc., are not limiting names in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions, etc., using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name; therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting names in any respect.

[1624] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be mentioned throughout the above description, can also be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[1625] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output in at least one of the following directions: from higher level (upper layer) to lower level (lower layer), and from lower layer to higher level. Information, signals, etc., can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[1626] Input and output information, signals, etc., can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using management tables. Input and output information, signals, etc., can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information, signals, etc., can also be deleted. Input information, signals, etc., can also be sent to other devices.

[1627] Regarding any information (e.g., variables, quantities, parameters) recorded in this disclosure, even if not specifically stated in the above embodiments, information representing / determining the value of such arbitrary information (or associated with such arbitrary information) may be notified from any first device (e.g., UE / base station) to any second device (e.g., base station / UE).

[1628] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in this disclosure, and may also be carried out by other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may also be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.), higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB) etc.), medium access control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or combinations thereof.

[1629] In addition, physical layer signaling can also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. Furthermore, RRC signaling can also be referred to as RRC messages, such as RRC connection setup messages, RRC connection reconfiguration messages, etc. Additionally, MAC signaling can also be notified using, for example, the MAC control element (CE).

[1630] Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., a notification of “is X”) is not limited to explicit notification, but can also be implicit (e.g., by not providing that specific information, or by providing other information).

[1631] The determination can be made by a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), by a true or false value (boolean), or by a numerical comparison (e.g., a comparison with a specific value).

[1632] Whether it is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or any other name, software should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, program, subprogram, software module, application, software application, software package, routine, subroutine, object, executable file, execution thread, process, function, etc.

[1633] Furthermore, software, instructions, and information can also be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[1634] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable. “Network” may also mean devices included in a network (e.g., base stations).

[1635] In this disclosure, the terms “precoding”, “precoder”, “weight (precoding weight)”, “quasi-co-location (QCL)”, “transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)”, “spatial relation”, “spatial domain filter”, “transmit power”, “phase rotation”, “antenna port”, “layer”, “number of layers”, “rank”, “resource”, “resource set”, “beam”, “beamwidth”, “beam angle”, “antenna”, “antenna element”, “panel”, “UE panel”, “transmitting entity”, and “receiving entity” are used interchangeably.

[1636] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the antenna port and the antenna port used for any signal / channel (e.g., the DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port) can be mutually modified. In this disclosure, the resources and the resources used for any signal / channel (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources, etc.) can also be mutually modified. Additionally, the resources may also include time / frequency / code / spatial / power resources. Furthermore, the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[1637] The aforementioned groups may include, for example, at least one of the following: spatial relation group, code division multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal (RS) group, control resource set (CORESET) group, PUCCH group, antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), layer group, resource group, beam group, antenna group, panel group, etc.

[1638] Furthermore, in this disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET Pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), RS, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[1639] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, and joint TCI state can also be rewritten to each other.

[1640] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL", "QCL concept", "QCL relationship", "QCL type information", "QCL property (QCLproperty / properties)", "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D) property", and "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D)" can be rewritten interchangeably.

[1641] In this disclosure, indexes, identifiers (IDs), indicators, indications, resource IDs, etc., can be interchanged. Sequences, lists, sets, groups, clusters, subsets, etc., can also be interchanged.

[1642] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and the spatial relationship information (TCI state) can be interchanged. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" and "a set of spatial relationship information (TCI states)," or "one or more spatial relationship information," can also be interchanged. TCI state and TCI can also be interchanged. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship can also be interchanged.

[1643] In this disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)", "Wireless Base Station", "Fixed Station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "Access Point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "Panel", "Cell", "Sector", "Cell Group", "Carrier", and "Component Carrier" are used interchangeably. There are also instances where terms such as macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are used to refer to base stations.

[1644] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, its overall coverage area can be divided into several smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or all of the coverage area of ​​the base station and at least one of the base station subsystems providing communication services within that coverage area.

[1645] In this disclosure, the information sent by the base station to the terminal and the control / operation instructed by the base station to the terminal based on that information can also be rewritten.

[1646] In this disclosure, the terms “Mobile Station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user equipment (UE)”, and “terminal” are used interchangeably.

[1647] There are also instances where mobile stations are referred to as subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, handsets, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or several other appropriate terms.

[1648] At least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[1649] The term "mobile body" refers to a movable object whose speed is arbitrary, including situations where the body is stationary. Examples of such mobile bodies include vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, autonomous two-wheelers, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, trailers, rickshaws, ships (bottles and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multi-rotor aircraft, quadcopters, balloons, and objects carried on them, but are not limited to these. Furthermore, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operational commands.

[1650] The mobile entity can be a means of transportation (e.g., a vehicle, an airplane, etc.), a mobile entity moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[1651] Figure 115 This figure illustrates an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a speed sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a gear shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[1652] The drive unit 41 is comprised of at least one of an engine, a motor, or a combination of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 is configured to include at least a steering wheel (also called a handlebar) and to steer at least one of the front wheel 46 and the rear wheel 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[1653] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, a memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63). Signals from various sensors 50-58 present in the vehicle are input into the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 can also be referred to as an electronic control unit (ECU).

[1654] The signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, speed signals from the front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by speed sensor 51, air pressure signals from the front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals obtained by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals obtained by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal 43 depress amount signals obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal 44 depress amount signals obtained by brake pedal sensor 56, shift lever 45 operation signals obtained by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals obtained by object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[1655] The information service unit 59 comprises various devices such as a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, used to provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information obtained from external devices via the communication module 60, etc., to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[1656] The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) or output devices that implement output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED light, touch panel, etc.).

[1657] The driver assistance system unit 64 comprises various devices used to provide functions for preventing accidents or reducing the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning devices (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)) and Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the driver assistance system unit 64 sends and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driver assistance or autonomous driving functions.

[1658] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and the constituent elements of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) with the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and various sensors 50-58 in the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, electronic control unit 49 of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63.

[1659] The communication module 60 is controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information between external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 can be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device can be, for example, the aforementioned base station 10, user terminal 20, etc. Furthermore, the communication module 60 can be, for example, at least one of the aforementioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or it can function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[1660] The communication module 60 can also wirelessly transmit to an external device at least one of the signals input to the electronic control unit 49 from the various sensors 50-58, information obtained based on those signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., can also be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 can also contain information based on the aforementioned inputs.

[1661] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays it to the information service unit 59 provided by the vehicle. The information service unit 59 can also be referred to as an information output unit (e.g., outputting information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or the data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[1662] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices into a memory 62 that can be utilized by the microprocessor 61. The microprocessor 61 can also control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, and various sensors 50-58 of the vehicle 40 based on the information stored in the memory 62.

[1663] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a user terminal. For example, various methods / implementations of this disclosure can be applied to structures where communication between the base station and the user terminal is rewritten as communication between multiple user terminals (e.g., also referred to as device-to-device (D2D) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X)). In this case, it can also be configured such that the user terminal 20 has the functions of the base station 10 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can also be rewritten as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can also be rewritten as sidelink channel.

[1664] Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure can also be rewritten as a base station. In this case, it can also be configured such that the base station 10 has the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[1665] In this disclosure, operations purported to be performed by a base station are sometimes also performed by its upper node, depending on the circumstances. Clearly, in a network containing one or more network nodes having a base station, the various operations performed for communication with a terminal can obviously be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g., considering a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or combinations thereof.

[1666] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually, in combination, or switched as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, timing sequences, flowcharts, etc., of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For example, with respect to the methods described in this disclosure, the illustrated order is used to indicate various steps, but the order in which these steps are indicated is not limited.

[1667] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Futuregeneration radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE This includes 802.11 (Wi-Fi, a registered trademark), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX, a registered trademark), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth, systems utilizing other appropriate wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems extended, modified, established, or defined based on them. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., LTE or LTE-A, combinations with 5G, etc.) for application.

[1668] As used in this disclosure, the word "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the word "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[1669] Any reference to an element using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not comprehensively limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be used, or that the first element must take precedence over the second element in some form.

[1670] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure can encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" can also refer to judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (search, inquiry) (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining.

[1671] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc., as situations where "judgment (decision)" is performed.

[1672] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to situations where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or comparing are considered as making a "judgment (decision)". In other words, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to certain actions as situations where a "judgment (decision)" is made. In this disclosure, "judgment (decision)" and the aforementioned operations can also be rewritten interchangeably.

[1673] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" can be interchanged with "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," and "consider / considering." Additionally, in this disclosure, "not assuming to proceed..." and "assuming not to proceed..." can also be interchanged.

[1674] In this disclosure, "expect" can also be interchanged with "be expected." For example, "expect(s)..." (where "..." can also be expressed using a that clause, a to infinitive, etc.) can also be interchanged with "be expected..." or "to perform..." (where "..." is a to infinitive, the verb is obtained by removing "to"). Similarly, "does not expect..." can also be interchanged with "be not expected..." or "does not perform..." (where "..." is a to infinitive, the verb is obtained by removing "to"). Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected..." can also be interchanged with "Apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect..." (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B can also be a base station).

[1675] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure can refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or the rated maximum transmit power (the rated UE maximum transmit power).

[1676] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” or all variations thereof, refer to all direct or indirect connections or combinations between two or more elements, and can include cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between two mutually “connected” or “coupled” elements. The connections or combinations between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” can also be rewritten as “access.”

[1677] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to consider using more than one wire, cable, printed electrical connection, etc. to be "connected" or "combined" with each other, and as several non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region can be used to be "connected" or "combined" with each other.

[1678] In this disclosure, the term "A is different from B" can also mean "A and B are different from each other". Additionally, this term can also mean "A and B are different from C respectively". Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different".

[1679] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," mean inclusive. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not mean XOR.

[1680] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[1681] In this disclosure, terms such as "below," "less than," "above," "more than," and "equal to" can be interchanged. Furthermore, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," and "narrow," etc., are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees and can be interchanged. Additionally, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," and "narrow," when used as expressions with the prefix "i" (where i is any integer), are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees and can be interchanged (for example, "highest" and "i-th highest" can also be interchanged).

[1682] In this disclosure, "of", "for", "regarding", "related to", "associated with", etc., can also be rewritten interchangeably.

[1683] In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "based on A", "B during / while A", "before A", "at the same time as / on A", "after A", "since A", and "until A" can be rewritten interchangeably. Furthermore, A and B can be appropriately rewritten as nouns, gerunds, or ordinary sentences depending on the context. Additionally, the time difference between A and B can be approximately 0 (immediately following or immediately preceding). Moreover, a time offset can be applied to the time A occurs. For example, "A" can also be rewritten interchangeably with "before / after the time offset of A". The time offset (e.g., more than one symbol / slot) can be predetermined or determined by the UE based on the information it is notified of.

[1684] In this disclosure, timing, moment, time, time instance, arbitrary time unit (e.g., time slot, sub-time slot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc., can also be rewritten to each other.

[1685] The inventions disclosed herein have been described in detail above. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inventions disclosed herein are not limited to the embodiments described herein. The description herein is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the inventions disclosed herein in any way.

Claims

1. A terminal, comprising: The receiving unit receives the setting of the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the physical downlink shared channel; and The control unit, based on the settings, determines a subset of resources of a plurality of specific resources of the orthogonal coverage code, and uses one or more time resources to control the reception of the DMRS.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, The setting includes a bitmap representing the portion.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, Power enhancement is applied to the aforementioned resources.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein, Additional processing time is applied for the physical downlink shared channel.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: The steps for receiving and setting the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the physical downlink shared channel; and Based on the aforementioned settings, a plurality of resources, representing a portion of a plurality of specific resources of the orthogonal overlay code, are determined, and the steps of controlling the reception of the DMRS are performed using one or more of the aforementioned time resources.

6. A base station, comprising: The transmitting unit transmits the setting of the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) for the physical downlink shared channel; and The control unit, based on the settings, determines a subset of multiple resources of a plurality of specific resources of the orthogonal coverage code, and uses one or more time resources to control the transmission of the DMRS.

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