Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving in non-terrestrial networks

Abstract

A method for a device to perform wireless communication and an apparatus supporting the same are provided. The apparatus can obtain information related to a transmission resource and perform transmission based on L sub-resource groups in the transmission resource. For example, a size of a transport block for the transmission can be determined based on a size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resource.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] 5G NR is the successor to LTE and a new type of mobile communication system with features such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, mid-frequency bands between 1 GHz and 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] 6G (wireless communication) systems aim to achieve goals such as (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced power consumption of battery-less IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) networked intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision for 6G systems can include four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and 6G systems can meet the requirements shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 shows the requirements for 6G systems.

[0004] [Table 1] Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical solution

[0006] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a method can be provided. For example, the method may include: obtaining information related to a transmission resource; and performing transmission based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, the transport block size used for transmission can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0007] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, an apparatus can be provided. For example, the apparatus may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a transmission resource; and performing transmission based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, the transport block size used for transmission can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0008] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a processing apparatus suitable for control can be provided. For example, the processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a transmission resource; and performing transmission based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, the transport block size used for transmission can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0009] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. For example, when executed, the instructions can cause a device to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a transmission resource; and performing transmission based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, the transport block size used for transmission can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, L can be a positive integer. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 The communication process between devices based on embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0011] Figure 2 A radio protocol architecture based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0012] Figure 3 The structure of a radio frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0013] Figure 4 The time slot structure of a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0014] Figure 5 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0015] Figure 6 This illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0016] Figure 7 An example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, is shown.

[0017] Figure 8 The process of performing uplink transmission and reception based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated.

[0018] Figure 9 An example of applying orthogonal overlay code (OCC) before in-symbol TF precoding is shown based on an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 10A method for performing wireless communication using an apparatus based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0020] Figure 11 A method for a base station to perform wireless communication based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0021] Figure 12 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 13 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Figure 14 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 15 Another example of a wireless device based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 16 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 17 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle shown is based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] In this disclosure, "A or B" may mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". In other words, in this disclosure, "A or B" can be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in this disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only", or "any combination of A, B and C".

[0028] The forward slash ( / ) or comma used in this disclosure can mean "and / or". For example, "A / B" can mean "A and / or B". Therefore, "A / B" can mean "A only", "B only", or "both A and B". For example, "A, B, C" can mean "A, B, or C".

[0029] In this disclosure, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A", "only B" or "both A and B". Furthermore, in this disclosure, the expression "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as "at least one of A and B".

[0030] Additionally, in this disclosure, "at least one of A, B, and C" may mean "A only", "B only", "C only" or "any combination of A, B, and C". Furthermore, "at least one of A, B, or C" or "at least one of A, B, and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0031] Additionally, the brackets used in this disclosure may mean "for example". Specifically, when indicated as "Control Message (PDCCH)", this may mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "control message". In other words, "control message" in this disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH", and "PDCCH" may be cited as an example of "control message". Specifically, when indicated as "control message (i.e., PDCCH)", this may also mean that "PDCCH" is cited as an example of "control message".

[0032] In the following description, "when, if, or in the case of" can be replaced with "based on".

[0033] The technical features described in one of the accompanying drawings of this disclosure may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0034] In this disclosure, higher-layer parameters can be parameters configured, pre-configured, or predefined for the UE. For example, a base station or network can send higher-layer parameters to the UE. For example, higher-layer parameters can be sent via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling or Media Access Control (MAC) signaling.

[0035] In this disclosure, the term "configured or defined" can be interpreted as pre-configuring or configuring a device via predefined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC, downlink control information (DCI), etc.) from a base station or network. In this disclosure, the term "configured or defined" can also be interpreted as pre-configuring or configuring a device via predefined signaling (e.g., MAC, RRC, sidelink control information (SCI), control information signaled between devices, etc.) from another device. In this disclosure, the term "configured or defined" can be interpreted as pre-configuring a device.

[0036] In this disclosure, user equipment (UE) may refer to a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc. In this disclosure, base station (BS) may refer to a radio access network (RAN) node, a non-terrestrial network (NTN) cell / node, a transmit / receive point (TRP), a network, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a device, a portable device, a wireless device, etc.

[0037] The techniques proposed in this disclosure can be used in various wireless communication systems such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and 5G NR.

[0038] The technologies proposed in this disclosure can be implemented as 6G wireless technologies and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key features such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0039] Figure 1 The communication process between devices according to embodiments of the present disclosure is illustrated. Figure 1 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 In step S101, the first device and the second device can perform synchronization. For example, the first device can be a UE and / or at least one of the devices proposed in this disclosure. For example, the second device can be a base station, network, RAN node, NTN node / cell, TRP, UE, and / or at least one of the devices proposed in this disclosure. For example, the first device can perform an initial cell search operation. For example, the first device can detect at least one synchronization signal transmitted based on rules predefined by the second device. Here, for example, the synchronization signal can include multiple synchronization signals based on structure or purpose classification (e.g., primary synchronization signal, secondary synchronization signal, etc.). In this way, the first device can check the boundaries of the frames, subframes, time units, time slots, and / or symbols of the second device, and the first device can obtain information for the second device (e.g., cell identifier).

[0041] In step S103, the first device may obtain system information sent by the second device. For example, the system information may include information related to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the second device required to access the second device and use the service. For example, the system information may be categorized based on content (e.g., whether it is inherently necessary for access), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is based on on-demand provision), etc. For example, the system information may be categorized into Main Information Blocks (MIBs) and System Information Blocks (SIBs). For example, the first device may send a signal requesting system information before receiving it, as needed. For example, the request and provision of system information may be performed after the random access procedure described later.

[0042] In step S105, the first device and the second device can perform a random access procedure. For example, the first device can send and / or receive at least one message (e.g., random access preamble, random access response message, etc.) for the random access procedure based on information related to the random access channel of the second device obtained through system information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, supported preamble structure, etc.). For example, the first device can send a preamble (e.g., Msg1) through the random access channel, and the first device can receive a random access response message (e.g., Msg2), and the first device can send a message (e.g., Msg3) containing information related to the first device (e.g., identification information) to the second device using scheduling information included in the random access response message, and the first device can receive a message (e.g., Msg4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. For example, Msg1 and Msg3 can be sent and received as a single message (e.g., MsgA), and / or Msg2 and Msg4 can be sent and received as a single message (e.g., MsgB).

[0043] In step S107, the first and second devices can execute signaling for control information. Here, for example, the control information can be defined in various layers, such as layers controlling connections (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer), layers handling mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., Medium Access Control (MAC) layer), layers handling physical channels (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer), and so on. For example, the first and second devices can execute at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining communication-related configurations, and / or signaling for indicating allocated resources. For example, the control information can be signaled / sent via a control channel. For example, the control information and / or the control channel can be used for scheduling data, data channels (e.g., shared channels), and / or control information on data channels.

[0044] In step S109, the first and second devices can transmit and / or receive data. For example, the first and second devices can process data based on signaling of control information and transmit and / or receive data. For example, when transmitting data, the first or second device can perform at least one of channel coding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and / or resource mapping on the information bits. For example, when receiving data, the first or second device can perform at least one of signal extraction from resources, waveform demodulation for each antenna, signal arrangement considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and / or channel decoding.

[0045] For example, the layers of the radio interface protocol between the first device and the second device can be classified as Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), Layer 3 (L3), and so on. For instance, the physical layer, belonging to Layer 1, can provide information transmission services using physical channels, and the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, located in Layer 3, can perform the function of controlling radio resources between the first and second devices. For this purpose, for example, the RRC layer can exchange RRC messages between the first and second devices.

[0046] Figure 2 A radio protocol architecture based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure. For example, Figure 2 (a) may show the radio protocol stack for the user plane used for uplink or downlink communication, and Figure 2 (b) may show the radio protocol stack for the control plane used for uplink or downlink communication. For example, Figure 2 (c) can illustrate the radio protocol stack for the user plane used for inter-device communication, and Figure 2 (d) can show the radio protocol stack of the control plane used for inter-device communication.

[0047] For example, the physical layer can use physical channels to provide information transmission services to higher layers. For example, the physical layer can connect to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, which is a higher layer, via a transport channel. For example, data can be transmitted between the MAC layer and the physical layer via a transport channel. For example, transport channels can be classified based on how and what characteristics are used to transmit data through the radio interface. For example, data can be transmitted between different physical layers (i.e., between the physical layers of a first device and a second device) via physical channels. For example, the physical layer can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme, and time and frequency can be used as radio resources.

[0048] For example, the MAC layer can provide services to the higher-level Radio Link Control (RLC) layer via logical channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide mapping functionality from multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. For example, the MAC layer can provide logical channel multiplexing functionality by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. For example, the MAC sublayer can provide data transmission services over logical channels.

[0049] For example, the RLC layer can perform concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs). For example, to guarantee the various Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the Radio Bearer (RB), the RLC layer can provide three operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). For example, AM RLC can provide error correction through Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ).

[0050] For example, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer can be defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer can be used to control logical, transport, and physical channels related to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. For example, RB can refer to a logical path provided by first (e.g., the physical layer) and second layers (e.g., the MAC layer, RLC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, etc.) for data delivery between a first device and a second device.

[0051] For example, the PDCP layer in the user plane may include the delivery of user data, header compression, and encryption. Similarly, the PDCP layer in the control plane may include the delivery of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0052] For example, RB configuration can refer to the process of specifying radio protocol layers and channel attributes to provide a specific service and configuring each specific parameter and operating method. For instance, RBs can be divided into two types: Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs). For example, an SRB can be used as a path for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, and a DRB can be used as a path for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0053] For example, the downlink transport channel may include at least one of a broadcast channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and / or a downlink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or other control messages. For example, in the case of traffic or control messages in downlink multicast or broadcast services, they may be transmitted via the downlink SCH, or they may be transmitted via a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). Meanwhile, the uplink transport channel may include at least one of a random access channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages and / or an uplink shared channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or other control messages. For example, the logical channel located above the transport channel and mapped to the transport channel may include at least one of a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), and / or a multicast traffic channel (MTCH).

[0054] Figure 3 The structure of a radio frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0055] Reference Figure 3 For example, radio frames can be used for uplink transmission, downlink transmission, and / or inter-device transmission. For example, a radio frame can be 10 ms long and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). For example, a half-frame can include five 1 ms subframes (SF). For example, a subframe can be divided into one or more time slots, and the number of time slots within a subframe can be determined based on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, based on the cyclic prefix (CP), each time slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols.

[0056] For example, when using normal CP, each time slot can include 14 symbols. For example, when using extended CP, each time slot can include 12 symbols. Here, for example, the symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols), and / or single-carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbols (or discrete Fourier transform spread spectrum-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0057] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot based on SCS configuration (u) when using normal CP or extended CP. Number of time slots per frame ( ) and the number of time slots per subframe ( Examples of ).

[0058] [Table 2]

[0059] For example, OFDM(A) parameter sets (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) can be configured differently across multiple cells aggregated to a single UE. Correspondingly, the (absolute time) duration of time resources (e.g., subframes, time slots, or transmission time intervals (TTIs)) configured with the same number of symbols can be configured differently across the aggregated cells. For example, in this disclosure, time resources such as subframes, time slots, TTIs, etc., can be referred to as time units.

[0060] For example, multiple parameter sets or SCSs can be supported to support various services. For instance, with an SCS of 15kHz, wide-area coverage in conventional cellular bands can be supported, while with an SCS of 30kHz / 60kHz, dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth can be supported. For instance, with an SCS of 60kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than 24.25GHz can be supported to overcome phase noise.

[0061] Figure 4 The time slot structure of a frame based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 4 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0062] Reference Figure 4 For example, a time slot can include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, a carrier can include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a resource block (RB) can be defined as multiple consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. For example, a bandwidth portion (BWP) can be defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain and can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). For example, a carrier can include up to N BWPs (where N is a positive integer). For example, data communication can be performed by activating BWPs. For example, each element in a resource grid can be called a resource element (RE), and a complex symbol can be mapped to each element.

[0063] For example, a BWP can be a set of consecutive PRBs in a given parameter set. For example, a PRB can be selected from a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (CRBs) in a given parameter set on a given carrier.

[0064] For example, a BWP can be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, a UE may not monitor downlink radio link quality in a DL BWP other than the active DL BWP on the primary cell (PCell). For example, a UE may not receive the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), or Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) (except for Radio Resource Management (RRM)) other than the active DL BWP. For example, a UE may not trigger Channel State Information (CSI) reporting for an inactive DL BWP. For example, a UE may not transmit the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) other than the active UL BWP. For example, in the downlink case, the initial BWP can be given as a set of contiguous resource blocks (RBs) for the Residual Minimal System Information (RMSI) Control Resource Set (CORESET) (configured by the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)). For example, in the uplink case, the initial BWP can be given by a System Information Block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP can be configured by higher layers. For example, the initial value of the default BWP can be the initial DL BWP. To save energy, if the UE does not detect downlink control information (DCI) for a certain period of time, the UE can switch its active BWP to the default BWP.

[0065] Figure 5 An example of a BWP based on an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure. Figure 5 In this implementation, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0066] Reference Figure 5 For example, a common resource block (CRB) can be a carrier resource block numbered from one end of a carrier frequency band to the other, and a PRB can be a resource block numbered within each BWP. For example, point A can indicate a common reference point of the resource block grid.

[0067] For example, BWP can be defined by point A and offset from point A. and bandwidth N size BWP This can be configured. For example, point A can be an external reference point of the PRB of a carrier, where all parameter sets (e.g., all parameter sets supported by the network on the corresponding carrier) are 0-aligned with subcarriers. For example, offset can be the PRB spacing between the lowest subcarrier in a given parameter set and point A. For example, bandwidth can be the number of PRBs in a given parameter set.

[0068] Figure 6This illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 6 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0069] As core implementation technologies for 6G systems, technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), terahertz (THz) communication, optical wireless technology, free-space optical (FSO) backhaul networks, massive MIMO technology, blockchain, 3D networking, quantum communication, unmanned aerial vehicles, cellless communication, wireless information and power transfer (WIET), integrated sensing and communication, integrated access and backhaul networks, holographic beamforming, big data analytics, and large-scale intelligent surfaces (LIS) can be adopted.

[0070] - Artificial Intelligence (AI): When AI is introduced into communication, real-time data transmission can be simplified and improved. AI can use numerous analyses to determine methods for performing complex target tasks. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming operations such as switching, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly by AI. AI can also play an important role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine interactions. Additionally, AI may enable instant communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-maintaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0071] - Terahertz (THz) Communication: Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves are referred to as submillimeter radiation, typically indicating a frequency band between 0.1THz and 10THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03mm to 3mm. The 100GHz to 300GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered the main part of the THz band used for cellular communication. 6G cellular communication capacity increases when the sub-THz band is added to the millimeter-wave band. The defined THz band of 300GHz to 3THz is in the far-infrared (IR) band. The 300GHz to 3THz band is part of the optical band, but it lies at the boundary of the optical band and immediately follows the RF band. Therefore, the 300GHz to 3THz band is similar to RF. The main characteristics of THz communication include (i) a wide bandwidth that can be used to support very high data rates; and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential). The narrow beamwidth generated in highly directional antennas reduces interference. The short wavelength of THz signals allows for the integration of a greater number of antenna elements with devices and base stations operating in this band. Therefore, advanced adaptive placement techniques capable of overcoming range limitations can be used.

[0072] - Massive MIMO technology (MMIMO)

[0073] - Holographic Beamforming (HBF)

[0074] - Optical wireless technology

[0075] - Free Space Light (FSO) Backhaul Network

[0076] - Quantum communication

[0077] - Cellular communication

[0078] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0079] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0080] - Integrated access and backhaul networks

[0081] Big Data Analytics

[0082] - Reconfigurable smart surfaces

[0083] - Metaverse

[0084] - Blockchain

[0085] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM can be a broad concept encompassing Urban Air Mobility (UAM), Regional Air Mobility (RAM), and Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). For example, AAM can include UAM, RAM, UAS, and Unmanned Aircraft (UAV).

[0086] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): Vehicle-to-everything (V2X), a core element in establishing autonomous driving infrastructure, can be a technology that enables vehicles to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), etc.

[0087] - Non-terrestrial Network (NTN): NTN can refer to a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources installed on a satellite (or UAS platform). NTN services can be considered to ensure wider coverage or to provide wireless communication services to areas where installing wireless communication base stations is difficult.

[0088] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Wireless sensing is a technology enabler that acquires information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. It uses radio frequency to determine the distance (range), angle, or instantaneous linear velocity of objects.

[0089] - Configurable Smart Surfaces (RIS): RIS can be used to manipulate and enhance signal propagation in wireless communication environments. For example, an RIS can consist of a metasurface or many small antennas arranged on a surface, and each small antenna can actively adjust the phase, amplitude, polarization, etc., of the reflected signal. For example, an RIS can improve signal reception by adjusting the path, phase, and / or intensity of the propagating signal. For example, in the case of an RIS, power consumption can be very low because power is consumed only for adjusting the phase and amplitude of the small antennas. For example, because an RIS can be reconfigured according to various environments, it can meet various communication requirements and can operate effectively in dynamic network environments.

[0090] Figure 7 An example of a communication scenario based on a 6G system, based on an embodiment of the present disclosure, is shown. Figure 7 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0091] Reference Figure 7 NTN communication can be performed based on satellite networks, High Altitude Platform Stations (HAPS) (HIBS) serving as International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) base stations (BS), and UEs capable of over-the-air communication (e.g., AAM). For example, for purposes such as coverage enhancement, devices such as satellite networks, HIBS, and UEs capable of over-the-air communication (e.g., AAM) can act as relays. For example, an AAM can communicate with base stations, satellite networks, etc., and / or an AAM can communicate directly with a UE, another AAM, etc.

[0092] Figure 8 The process of performing uplink transmission and reception based on an embodiment of this disclosure is illustrated. Figure 8 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0093] Reference Figure 8 In step S810, the base station can schedule uplink transmissions such as frequency / time resources, transmission layer, uplink precoder, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), etc. For example, the base station can determine the beam used for the UE's PUSCH transmission.

[0094] In step S820, the UE can receive DCI for uplink scheduling (e.g., scheduling information including PUSCH) from the base station on the PDCCH.

[0095] For example, DCI format 0_0 or 0_1 can be used for uplink scheduling. For example, DCI format 0_1 ​​may include the following information: identifier for DCI format, UL / Supplementary Uplink (SUL) indicator, bandwidth portion indicator, frequency domain resource assignment, time domain resource assignment, frequency hopping flag, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), SRS resource indicator (SRI), precoding information and layer number, antenna port, SRS request, DMRS sequence initialization, and uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) indicator.

[0096] For example, the SRS resources configured within the SRS resource set associated with the high-level parameter "usage" can be indicated by the SRS resource indicator field. For instance, "spatialRelationInfo" can be configured for each SRS resource, and its value can be one of {CRI, SSB, SRI}.

[0097] In step S830, the UE can send uplink data to the base station on the PUSCH.

[0098] For example, if the UE detects a PDCCH containing DCI format 0_0 or 0_1, the UE can send the corresponding PUSCH according to the indication of the corresponding DCI. For example, for PUSCH transmission, two transmission schemes can be supported: codebook-based transmission and non-codebook-based transmission.

[0099] For example, if the higher-layer parameter "txConfig" is set to "codebook", the UE can be configured for codebook-based transmission. Conversely, if the higher-layer parameter "txConfig" is set to "nonCodebook", the UE can be configured for non-codebook-based transmission. For example, if the higher-layer parameter "txConfig" is not configured, the UE may not expect to be scheduled by DCI format 0_1. For example, if PUSCH is scheduled by DCI format 0_0, PUSCH transmission can be based on a single antenna port.

[0100] Recently, the introduction of non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) utilizing satellites as network nodes has been actively discussed in the field of communications. Satellites supporting NTNs can be classified based on their flight orbits and characteristics (such as geostationary orbit (GEO), medium Earth orbit (MEO), low Earth orbit (LEO), etc.), and typically have very high altitudes. Therefore, the service area of ​​a satellite can have a very wide coverage area, and the number of target UEs within that service area may be relatively large. In this case, the uplink data channel of an NTN may be repeatedly transmitted for purposes such as extending uplink coverage, and in this situation, the uplink transmission capacity may be insufficient relative to transmission resources. Therefore, NTN services may need to support multiplexing for multiple UEs. Below, this disclosure proposes a method for increasing the capacity and / or multiplexing of uplink data channels by utilizing orthogonal coverage codes (OCC), as well as apparatus supporting this method.

[0101] [Proposed Method #01] If the UE can apply OCC within an (OFDM) symbol when transmitting uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH), then the application of OCC within an (OFDM) symbol is supported only if the allocated resource size of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) is a specific size. Here, for example, OCC within an (OFDM) symbol can refer to the operation of applying OCC to data transmitted within an (OFDM) symbol. Here, for example, OCC within an (OFDM) symbol can be applied before and / or after time-frequency (TF) precoding. Here, for example, TF precoding can refer to DFT extension or DFT precoding used to support DFT-s-OFDM schemes. Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, if the application of OCC within a base station configuration / indication (OFDM) symbol is valid, the UE can determine that the application of OCC within the (OFDM) symbol is valid if the resources of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) are configured / indicated to a specific size, and in other cases, the UE can determine that the application of OCC within the (OFDM) symbol is invalid.

[0102] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on embodiments of this disclosure, assume that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). Here, for example, when the UE transmits the uplink data channel, a method of applying OCC within an (OFDM) symbol can be considered. For example, the UE can divide an allocable resource group (hereinafter referred to as the first resource group) within an (OFDM) symbol into L (equal-sized) sub-resource groups, and the UE can perform data duplication and / or OCC application on a per-sub-resource-group basis. Here, for example, the resources for which OCC is applied can be resources before and / or after the UE applies TF precoding (or DFT extension). Here, for example, the application of OCC within an (OFDM) symbol can be predicated on data duplication within the (OFDM) symbol, and data duplication within the (OFDM) symbol may not offer any advantage in terms of coverage improvement. Here, for example, the application of OCC within an (OFDM) symbol can be a function that supports uplink multiplexing even within a single physical resource block (PRB). Therefore, in this disclosure, if the UE can apply OCC within an OFDM symbol when transmitting uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH), the application of OCC within an OFDM symbol can only be supported if the allocated resource size of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) is a specific size. For example, the specific size could be 1 PRB. Based on the proposal of this disclosure, by clarifying the application of OCC within an OFDM symbol between the base station and the UE, it has the advantage of supporting the application of OCC when it is effective, while eliminating unnecessary computation and / or complexity for the UE in other cases.

[0103] [The proposed method #01] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0104] Figure 9 An example of applying orthogonal overlay code (OCC) before in-symbol TF precoding is shown based on an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 9 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0105] [Proposed Method #02] If the UE can apply OCC within an (OFDM) symbol when transmitting uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH), the application of OCC within the (OFDM) symbol is supported only if the phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS) pattern within the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) is a specific pattern. Here, for example, OCC within an (OFDM) symbol can refer to the operation of applying OCC to data transmitted within an (OFDM) symbol. Here, for example, OCC within an (OFDM) symbol can be applied before and / or after TF precoding. Here, for example, TF precoding can refer to DFT extension or DFT precoding used to support DFT-s-OFDM schemes. Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, a specific pattern can include the case where no PT-RS is assigned. Here, for example, if the application of OCC within a base station configuration / indication (OFDM) symbol is valid, the UE can determine that the application of OCC within the (OFDM) symbol is valid if the PT-RS pattern within the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) is configured / indicated as a specific pattern; otherwise, the UE can determine that the application of OCC within the (OFDM) symbol is invalid.

[0106] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on embodiments of this disclosure, assume that the UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). Here, a method of applying OCC within an (OFDM) symbol when the UE transmits the uplink data channel can be considered. For example, the UE can divide an allocable resource group (hereinafter referred to as the first resource group) within an (OFDM) symbol into L (equal-sized) sub-resource groups, and the UE can perform data duplication and / or OCC application on a per-sub-resource-group basis. Here, for example, the resources for which OCC is applied can be resources prior to the UE's application of TF precoding (or DFT extension). Here, for example, if the UE transmits a phase tracking reference signal (PT-RS), it can be allocated within resources prior to TF precoding, and the location where PT-RS samples are allocated can vary based on the number of PT-RS groups, the number of samples per PT-RS group, etc. For example, to apply OCC in L sub-resource groups, data of the same size should be repeated. However, without special restrictions, due to the inherent allocation scheme of PT-RS, PT-RS samples may be allocated only to some sub-resource groups. In this case, incompletely repeated data occurs, potentially causing interference on uplink transmissions of UEs using different OCCs. Therefore, in this disclosure, if a UE can apply OCC within an (OFDM) symbol when transmitting uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH), the application of OCC within an (OFDM) symbol can only be supported if the PT-RS pattern within the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) is a specific pattern. For example, if PT-RS samples are allocated in equal numbers to L sub-groups divided for OCC application, the application of OCC within an (OFDM) symbol can be supported for the corresponding PT-RS pattern. Based on the proposal of this disclosure, it has the advantage of supporting the application of OCC within an (OFDM) symbol even for PUSCH transmissions including PT-RS.

[0107] For example, if OCC is configured / indicated for a PUSCH and PT-RS is also configured / indicated, the UE may not expect such configuration / indication (e.g., the UE determines it as a configuration / indication error by the base station), or may ignore either the OCC configuration / indication or the PT-RS configuration / indication. For example, if OCC is configured / indicated, the UE may not apply PT-RS configuration / indication for the corresponding PUSCH. Alternatively, for example, if PT-RS is configured / indicated, the UE may not apply OCC configuration / indication for the corresponding PUSCH. Alternatively, the UE may not expect the base station to configure / indicate both OCC and PT-RS simultaneously. If both are configured / indicated, the UE may not send the corresponding PUSCH, or the operation in that case may follow the UE implementation.

[0108] [Proposed Method #02] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0109] [Proposed Method #03] If the UE can apply OCC between (OFDM) symbol groups when transmitting uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH), the application of OCC within (OFDM) symbols is supported only if the demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) pattern within the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) is a specific pattern. Here, for example, OCC between (OFDM) symbol groups can refer to the operation of applying OCC on a per-(OFDM) symbol group basis. Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, if the base station configures / indicates the application of OCC between (OFDM) symbol groups, then if the DM-RS pattern within the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) is configured / indicated as a specific pattern, the UE can determine that the application of OCC between (OFDM) symbol groups is valid, and in other cases, the UE can determine that the application of OCC between (OFDM) symbol groups is invalid.

[0110] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on embodiments of this disclosure, suppose a UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., a PUSCH). Here, a method for applying OCC (Optical Character Control) between (OFDM) symbol groups when the UE transmits the uplink data channel can be considered. For example, the UE can divide an allocable resource group (hereinafter referred to as the first resource group) within a (single) PUSCH into L (equal-sized) symbol groups, and the UE can perform data duplication and / or OCC application on a symbol group basis. Here, for example, if the UE transmits a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS), the symbol positions allocated to the DM-RS can vary based on a pattern. Here, for example, in order to apply OCC in the L symbol groups, data of the same size should be repeated; however, without special restrictions, due to the inherent allocation scheme of the DM-RS, it is possible that the DM-RS is only allocated to some of the symbol groups. In this case, incompletely repeated data occurs, and interference may affect the uplink transmission of UEs transmitting with different OCCs. Therefore, in this disclosure, if the UE can apply OCC between (OFDM) symbol groups when transmitting uplink data channels (e.g., PUSCH), the application of OCC within (OFDM) symbols can only be supported if the DM-RS pattern within the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) is a specific pattern. For example, if DM-RS resources are allocated in equal numbers to L symbol groups divided for the application of OCC, the application of OCC can be supported for the corresponding DM-RS pattern. Based on the proposal of this disclosure, it has the advantage of supporting the application of OCC between (OFDM) symbol groups even for PUSCH transmissions with varying DM-RS patterns.

[0111] For example, if an OCC is configured / indicated for a PUSCH and a DM-RS pattern incompatible with the OCC is also configured / indicated, the UE may not expect such configuration / indication (e.g., the UE determines it as a configuration / indication error by the base station), or may ignore the OCC configuration / indication, or may skip the transmission of the corresponding PUSCH. For example, if a DM-RS pattern incompatible with the OCC is configured / indicated for a PUSCH, the UE may invalidate the OCC configuration / indication or skip the transmission of the corresponding PUSCH. Alternatively, the operation in the corresponding case may follow the UE implementation.

[0112] [Proposed Method #03] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0113] [Proposed Method #04] If the UE can apply OCC within the transmission resource of a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) when transmitting an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), then the resource group within the (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) can be divided into L (equal-sized) sub-resource groups, and the UE can perform one or more of the following operations by utilizing the sub-resource groups.

[0114] (1) Transport Block Size (TBS) determination and / or TBS scaling based on the size of the sub-resource group

[0115] (2) Data and / or Reference Signals (RS) and / or Uplink Control Information (UCI) mapping based on sub-resource groups

[0116] For example, the TBS within an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) can be determined and / or scaled based on the size of the sub-resource group. Here, for example, the OCC within a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) transmission resource can refer to the operation of applying the OCC to data transmitted within a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), and can include OCC within (OFDM) symbols and / or OCC between (OFDM) symbol groups. Here, for example, the OCC within a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) transmission resource can be applied before and / or after TF precoding. Here, for example, TF precoding can refer to DFT extension or DFT precoding used to support DFT-s-OFDM schemes. Here, for example, whether to apply OCC can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, OCC can be applied on a per-sub-resource-group basis. For example, an OCC of length -L can be applied to L sub-resource groups. Here, for example, rate matching can be applied to exclude M resources from the size of the sub-resource group. For example, M can refer to the resource size that is excluded from the sub-resource group by considering factors such as the (maximum) RS allocation resource size (within the sub-resource group), and the UE can determine it in a (pre)arranged manner, or the base station can (pre)configure / indicate it. Here, for example, the UE can determine the OCC and / or cyclic shift (CS) for the reference signal (RS) based on the OCC value within the resource transmitted on a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH).

[0117] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on embodiments of this disclosure, assume that a UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). Here, for example, a method of applying OCC within the transmission resources of a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) when the UE transmits the uplink data channel can be considered. For example, the UE can divide an allocable resource group (hereinafter referred to as the first resource group) within a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) into L (equal-sized) sub-resource groups, and the UE can perform data duplication and / or OCC application on a per-sub-resource-group basis. Here, for example, the resources for which OCC is applied can be resources prior to the UE applying TF precoding (or DFT extension). Here, for example, the sub-resource group can be viewed as a virtual resource allocation corresponding to the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). Here, for example, the transport block size (TBS) that the UE intends to transmit via the uplink data channel can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource group. For example, the UE can perform TBS determination based on the size of the sub-resource group, or can scale the TBS determined based on the first resource group based on the size of the sub-resource group. Here, for example, the UE can perform mapping of data and / or reference signals (RS) and / or uplink control information (UCI) based on sub-resource groups (or the size of sub-resource groups). Here, for example, to apply OCC across L sub-resource groups, data of the same size should be repeated; however, without special restrictions, uneven overhead (e.g., RS allocation) may occur in each sub-resource group due to the inherent allocation scheme (or pattern) of RS. Here, for example, to ensure that the data allocation amount is the same for each sub-resource group, a method can be considered that calculates the maximum overhead (reference resource allocation, etc.) in each sub-resource group and then excludes it from the sub-resource group's total overhead. For example, the maximum overhead could be the maximum value in the RS resource allocation amount for each sub-resource group. Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, when applying OCC within a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), the unit applying OCC, i.e., the sub-resource group, can be considered as the allocated resource group of a regular (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). This has the advantage of reducing UE complexity by inheriting regular rules as much as possible. Furthermore, by calculating the common overhead of each sub-resource group, the problem of data resource imbalance between OCC application units based on the inherent pattern of RS can be resolved.

[0118] For example, if the UE can apply OCC within the transmission resources of a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) when transmitting an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), then the resource group within the (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) can be divided into L (equal-sized) sub-resource groups, and the OCC can be applied to the sub-resource groups. Here, for example, the TBS calculation scheme for the PUSCH can be a scheme that calculates the TBS (first TBS) based on the total resources allocated to the PUSCH and then applies a scaling to the first TBS. For example, the scaling value can be directly configured / indicated by the base station (for each OCC length), or it can be derived from a combination of the OCC length and / or a TBS target multiplier configured by the base station. For example, if the OCC length is 4, then 1 / 4 is used as the basic scaling value, and it can be in the form of multiplying by the TBS target multiplier r=1.5 configured by the base station. For example, the TBS scaling value and / or the TBS target multiplier value (or candidate values ​​thereof) can be configured by the base station via higher-layer signaling and / or indicated by dynamic control signals (e.g., DCI). For example, candidate values ​​for the TBS scaling value and / or the TBS target multiplier value (for each OCC length) can be configured, and one of the (configured) candidate values ​​for the TBS scaling value and / or the TBS target multiplier value can be indicated by dynamic control information (DCI). Here, for example, the candidate values ​​for the (pre-configured) TBS scaling value and / or the TBS scaling target multiplier value can be interpreted differently based on the OCC length configured / indicated (within the DCI).

[0119] For example, if the UE can apply OCC within a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) transmission resource when transmitting an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), the UE can determine the OCC and / or CS for the reference signal (RS) based on the OCC value (for data) within the (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) transmission resource. Alternatively, for example, the UE can determine the OCC value (for data) within the PUSCH transmission resource based on the OCC and / or CS indicated / configured for the corresponding PUSCH's RS.

[0120] [Proposed Method #04] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0121] [Proposed Method #05] If the UE can apply OCC within the transmission resource of a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) when transmitting an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), and if the transmission of an uplink control channel (e.g., PUCCH) occurs at the transmission timing of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied, the UE can release the application of OCC and follow the multiplexing rules when OCC is not applied. Here, for example, OCC within the transmission resource of a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) can refer to the operation of applying OCC to data transmitted within a (single) PUSCH, and can include OCC within (OFDM) symbols and / or OCC between (OFDM) symbol groups. Here, for example, OCC within the transmission resource of a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) can be applied before and / or after TF precoding. Here, for example, TF precoding can refer to DFT extension or DFT precoding for supporting DFT-s-OFDM schemes. For example, whether or not OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station.

[0122] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on embodiments of this disclosure, assume a UE transmits an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH). Here, for example, a method of applying OCC within the transmission resources of a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) when the UE transmits the uplink data channel can be considered. For example, the UE can divide an allocable resource group (hereinafter referred to as a first resource group) within a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) into L (equal-sized) sub-resource groups, and the UE can perform data duplication and / or OCC application on a per-sub-resource-group basis. Here, for example, the resource for which OCC is applied can be the resource before the UE applies TF precoding (or DFT extension). Here, for example, the scheme for applying OCC within a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) can be a new transmission format for the uplink data transmission channel. Here, for example, the new transmission format based on OCC for the uplink data transmission channel may not support existing multiplexing rules, such as multiplexing rules in case of conflict with the uplink control channel (e.g., PUCCH). Therefore, in this disclosure, if the UE can apply OCC within a (single) uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) when transmitting an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), and if the transmission of an uplink control channel (e.g., PUCCH) is configured and / or indicated at the transmission timing of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) with OCC applied, the UE can release the application of OCC and follow the multiplexing rules when OCC is not applied. Based on the method proposed in this disclosure, when supporting a new transmission format based on OCC for uplink data transmission channels (e.g., PUSCH), it has the advantage of being able to make exceptions to the multiplexing rules of uplink control channels (e.g., PUCCH) in a relatively simple manner.

[0123] [Proposed Method #05] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0124] [Proposed Method #06] If the UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), then when applying Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC) based on Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) (or OCC with linearly increasing / decreasing phase) on a unit of RB, transmission can be performed such that the linear increasing / decreasing phase characteristic between OCCs is guaranteed at the boundaries of the (allocated) RBs. Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, DFT-based OCC (or OCC with linearly increasing phase) can refer to OCC consisting of columns or rows of a DFT matrix, or a code where the absolute value of each element of the OCC is fixed and the phase increases linearly (according to a specific slope). Here, for example, the guarantee of phase linearity at the boundary of the allocated RB can be supported in such a way that when OCC is applied in a (specific) RB, the UE adds a phase configured / indicated by the base station to the OCC, or the UE adds / multiplies the phase (pre-)arranged and / or defined between the base station and the UE to the OCC.

[0125] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on embodiments of this disclosure, suppose the UE applies OCC to the transmission resources of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) and transmits it. Here, for example, the uplink data channel may be transmitted based on a DFT-s-OFDM scheme, and in this case, OCC may be applied before DFT precoding. Here, for example, if the data is repeated M times before DFT precoding, it can be considered as a comb structure in the frequency axis resource region after DFT precoding. Here, for example, in the case of OCC-based DFT (or phase-linearly increasing / decreasing OCC) before DFT precoding, OCC can perform the action of shifting the comb structure resources in the frequency axis. Here, for example, OCC-based comb structure and frequency axis shifting can have the advantage of supporting UL multiplexing even when the allocated resource sizes are not the same. Here, for example, if OCC is applied on a per-RB basis, if phase linearity of OCC cannot be guaranteed for multiple allocated RBs, OCC may not function in the form of frequency axis shifting. Therefore, in this disclosure, if the UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), then when applying Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC) based on Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) (or OCC with linear phase increase / decrease) on a per-RB basis, when transmitting data on an uplink data channel with a total of L RBs, transmission can be performed such that the linear phase increase / decrease characteristic between OCCs is guaranteed at the boundaries of the (allocated) RBs. Based on the proposal of this disclosure, when the data before the application of OCC appears in a comb-like form on the frequency axis before DFT precoding, the OCC performs a frequency axis shifting operation, which has the advantage of more easily supporting multiplexing between multiple uplink data channels.

[0126] [Proposed Method #06] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0127] [Proposed Method #07] If the UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), and if a resource block (RB) comprises N resource elements (REs), and if the UE transmits data on the uplink data channel of a total of L RBs, then the total L RBs can be divided into M (equal) resource groups, and after repeatedly allocating data to the M resource groups, an orthogonal overlay code (OCC) based on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) (or an OCC with linearly increasing and / or decreasing phase) can be applied to the total resource area as defined below.

[0128] OCC(i) = ±2π k i / (N L), i = 0, 1, …, (N L - 1), where k ∈ {0, 1,…, M-1}

[0129] Here, for example, k could be k ∈ ±{0, 1, …, M-1}. Here, for example, whether OCC is applied can be configured / indicated by the base station. Here, for example, OCC-based DFT (or phase-increasing OCC) can refer to OCC consisting of columns or rows of a DFT matrix, or a code where the absolute value of each element of the OCC is fixed and the phase is linearly increasing (according to a specific slope).

[0130] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system based on an embodiment of this disclosure, suppose the UE applies OCC to the transmission resources of an uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH) and transmits it. Here, for example, the uplink data channel can be transmitted based on a DFT-s-OFDM scheme, and in this case, OCC can be applied before DFT precoding. Here, for example, if the data is repeated M times before DFT precoding, it can be considered as a comb structure in the frequency axis resource region after DFT precoding. Here, for example, in the case of OCC-based DFT (or phase linear increase / decrease OCC) before DFT precoding, OCC can perform the action of shifting the resources of the comb structure in the frequency axis. Here, for example, OCC-based comb structure and frequency axis shifting can have the advantage of supporting UL multiplexing even when the allocated resource sizes are not the same. Therefore, in this disclosure, if the UE can apply OCC to the transmission resources of the uplink data channel (e.g., PUSCH), and if a resource block (RB) comprises N resource elements (REs), and if the UE transmits data on the uplink data channel of a total of L RBs, then the total L RBs can be divided into M (equal) resource groups, and after repeatedly allocating data to the M resource groups, an orthogonal overlay code (OCC) based on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) (or an OCC with linearly increasing and / or decreasing phase) can be applied to the total resource area as defined below.

[0131] OCC(i) = ±2π k i / (N L), i = 0, 1, …, (N L - 1), where k ∈ {0, 1,…, M-1}

[0132] Here, for example, k could be k ∈ ±{0, 1, …, M-1}. Based on the proposal of this disclosure, the data before the application of OCC appears in a comb-like form on the frequency axis before DFT precoding, and OCC performs a frequency axis shifting operation, which has the advantage of making it easier to support multiplexing among multiple uplink data channels.

[0133] [Proposed Method #07] can be combined with other proposed methods within the scope of non-conflicting operations.

[0134] Figure 10 A method for performing wireless communication using an apparatus based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 10 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0135] Reference Figure 10 In step S1010, the device can obtain information related to the transmission resource. In step S1020, the device can perform transmission based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, the transport block size used for transmission can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0136] For example, the transport block size can be determined by scaling the transport block size based on the size of the transmit resource based on the size of the sub-resource group.

[0137] For example, the sending resource can be divided into L sub-resource groups.

[0138] For example, sending can be performed repeatedly on L sub-resource groups.

[0139] For example, an orthogonal overlay code can be applied to L sub-resource groups. For example, the length of an orthogonal overlay code can be L.

[0140] For example, mapping for at least one of data, reference signals, or control information can be performed based on sub-resource groups.

[0141] For example, whether or not to apply the orthogonal overlay code to the L sub-resource groups can be based on the size of the transmission resource. For example, if the size of the transmission resource is 1 physical resource block (PRB), it is permissible to apply the orthogonal overlay code to the L sub-resource groups. For example, if the size of the transmission resource is not 1 physical resource block (PRB), the orthogonal overlay code may not be applied to the L sub-resource groups.

[0142] For example, whether to apply orthogonal overlay codes to L sub-resource groups can be based on a pattern of reference signals mapped within the transmit resources. For example, the reference signals can be at least one of a phase-tracking reference signal or a demodulation reference signal.

[0143] For example, transmission resources can be resources used to transmit uplink data channels.

[0144] The proposed method can be applied to an apparatus based on various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the processor 102 of the apparatus 100 can obtain information related to the transmission resources. Furthermore, the processor 102 of the apparatus 100 can control the transceiver 106 to perform transmission based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resources. For example, the transport block size used for transmission can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resources. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0145] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, an apparatus can be provided. For example, the apparatus may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a transmission resource; and performing transmission based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, the transport block size used for transmission can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0146] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a processing apparatus suitable for control can be provided. For example, the processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the apparatus to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a transmission resource; and performing transmission based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, the transport block size used for transmission can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0147] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. For example, when executed, the instructions can cause a device to perform operations including: obtaining information related to a transmission resource; and performing transmission based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, the transport block size used for transmission can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0148] Figure 11 A method for a base station to perform wireless communication based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 11 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0149] Reference Figure 11In step S1110, the base station may send information related to the transmission resource. In step S1120, the base station may perform reception based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, the transport block size used for reception may be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resource. For example, L may be a positive integer.

[0150] For example, the transport block size can be determined by scaling the transport block size based on the size of the transmit resource based on the size of the sub-resource group.

[0151] For example, the sending resource can be divided into L sub-resource groups.

[0152] For example, receiving can be performed repeatedly on L sub-resource groups.

[0153] For example, an orthogonal overlay code can be applied to L sub-resource groups. For example, the length of an orthogonal overlay code can be L.

[0154] For example, mapping of at least one of data, reference signals, or control information can be performed based on sub-resource groups.

[0155] For example, whether or not to apply the orthogonal overlay code to the L sub-resource groups can be based on the size of the transmitted resource. For example, if the size of the transmitted resource is 1 physical resource block (PRB), then the orthogonal overlay code can be applied to the L sub-resource groups. For example, if the size of the transmitted resource is not 1 physical resource block (PRB), then the orthogonal overlay code can not be applied to the L sub-resource groups.

[0156] For example, whether to apply orthogonal overlay codes to L sub-resource groups can be based on a pattern of reference signals mapped within the transmit resources. For example, the reference signals can be at least one of a phase-tracking reference signal or a demodulation reference signal.

[0157] For example, a transmission resource could be a resource used to receive uplink data channels.

[0158] The proposed method can be applied to an apparatus based on various embodiments of this disclosure. First, the processor 202 of the base station 200 can control the transceiver 206 to transmit information related to transmission resources. Second, the processor 202 of the base station 200 can control the transceiver 206 to perform reception based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resources. For example, the transport block size used for reception can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resources. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0159] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a base station can be provided. For example, the base station may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the base station to perform operations including: transmitting information related to transmission resources; and performing reception based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resources. For example, the transport block size for reception can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resources. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0160] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a processing apparatus suitable for controlling a base station can be provided. For example, the processing apparatus may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, can cause the base station to perform operations including: transmitting information related to transmission resources; and performing reception based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resources. For example, the transport block size for reception can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resources. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0161] Based on embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions can be provided. For example, when executed, the instructions can cause a base station to perform operations including: transmitting information related to transmission resources; and performing reception based on L sub-resource groups within the transmission resources. For example, the transport block size for reception can be determined based on the size of the sub-resource groups within the transmission resources. For example, L can be a positive integer.

[0162] Based on various embodiments of this disclosure, orthogonal coverage codes can be applied when transmissions are performed in non-terrestrial networks. Therefore, transmission capacity and / or multiplexing capacity can be increased, and sufficient resources can be ensured for performing repeated transmissions for purposes such as coverage expansion.

[0163] The various embodiments disclosed herein can be combined with each other.

[0164] The following describes apparatuses to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0165] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operating procedures described herein can be applied to, but are not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connectivity between devices (e.g., 5G).

[0166] The following description will be given in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / description, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may denote the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or functional blocks.

[0167] Figure 12 A communication system 1 based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 12 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0168] Reference Figure 12 The communication system 1, which applies various embodiments of this disclosure, includes wireless devices, base stations (BS), and networks. Herein, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. Wireless devices may include, but are not limited to, robots 100a, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2), extended reality (XR) devices 100c, handheld devices 100d, home appliances 100e, Internet of Things (IoT) devices 100f, and artificial intelligence (AI) devices / servers 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with wireless communication capabilities, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication. Herein, a vehicle may include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones) and / or aircraft (AVs) (e.g., advanced air mobility (AAM)). XR devices can include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices and can be implemented in the form of head-mounted displays (HMDs), head-up displays (HUDs) installed in vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, etc. Handheld devices can include smartphones, smart tablets, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses) and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances can include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices can include sensors and smart meters. For example, the BS and network can be implemented as wireless devices, and a particular wireless device 200a can operate as a BS / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0169] In addition to LTE, NR, and 6G, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may also include narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) for low-power communication. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as a standard such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Alternatively or additionally, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN and may be referred to by various names including enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE Cat 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine-type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Alternatively or additionally, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of this disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), and ZigBee, which takes into account low power communication, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. As an example, ZigBee technology may generate personal area networks (PANs) related to low / low power digital communication based on various standards including IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0170] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to network 300 via BS 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can perform direct communication with each other (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0171] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c can be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f / BS 200 or BS200 / BS 200. Here, the wireless communication / connection can be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, access backhaul integration (IAB)). The wireless devices and BS / wireless devices can transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b can transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. For this purpose, at least a portion of various configuration information configuration processes, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and resource allocation processes for transmitting / receiving radio signals can be performed based on various proposals of this disclosure.

[0172] Figure 13 A wireless device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 13 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0173] Reference Figure 13 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit radio signals via various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). In this document, {first wireless device 100 and second wireless device 200} can correspond to... Figure 12 The {Wireless Device 100x and BS200} and / or {Wireless Device 100x and Wireless Device 100x}.

[0174] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processors 102 may control the memories 104 and / or the transceivers 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed herein. For example, the processors 102 may process information in the memories 104 to generate a first information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal via the transceivers 106. The processors 102 may receive a radio signal including a second information / signal via the transceivers 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the second information / signal in the memories 104. One or more memories 104 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and may store various information relating to the operation of one or more processors 102. For example, one or more memories 104 may store software code including commands for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 102 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operating procedures disclosed herein. Here, one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 106 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 106 may be used interchangeably with one or more radio frequency (RF) units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0175] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processors 202 may control the memories 204 and / or the transceivers 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed herein. For example, the processors 202 may process information in the memories 204 to generate a third message / signal, and subsequently transmit a radio signal including the third message / signal via the transceivers 206. The processors 202 may receive a radio signal including a fourth message / signal via the transceivers 106, and then store the information obtained by processing the fourth message / signal in the memories 204. One or more memories 204 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and may store various information relating to the operation of one or more processors 202. For example, one or more memories 204 may store software code including commands for performing part or all of the processing controlled by one or more processors 202 or for performing the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document. Here, one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). One or more transceivers 206 may be connected to one or more processors 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. One or more transceivers 206 may be used interchangeably with one or more RF units. In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0176] The hardware components of wireless devices 100 and 200 will now be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may be implemented, but are not limited to, by one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signals to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and acquire PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document.

[0177] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and such firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204, thereby being driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operating procedures disclosed in this document can be implemented in software or firmware in the form of code, commands, and / or sets of commands.

[0178] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202, and may store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be composed of read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0179] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the methods and / or operation of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operation disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and may transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control such that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the description, function, process, proposal, method, and / or operation disclosed in this document through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing using one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert the processed user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors 102 and 202. For this purpose, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0180] Figure 14 A signal processing circuit for transmitting signals based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 14 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0181] Reference Figure 14 The signal processing circuit 1000 may include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a pre-encoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050, and a signal generator 1060. It can perform... Figure 14 The operation / functions, but not limited to Figure 13The processors (102, 202) and / or transceivers (106, 206) can be used. Figure 13 Implemented by processors (102, 202) and / or transceivers (106, 206) Figure 14 Hardware components. For example, it can be achieved through... Figure 13 The processors (102, 202) implement boxes 1010 to 1060. Alternatively, they can be implemented using... Figure 13 The processors (102, 202) implement boxes 1010 to 1050, and can be used to... Figure 13 The transceivers (106, 206) are used to implement the 1060 box.

[0182] Can be via Figure 14 The signal processing circuit 1000 converts codewords into radio signals. In this document, a codeword is a sequence of encoded bits for an information block. An information block may include a transport block (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). Radio signals can be transmitted via various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH and PDSCH).

[0183] Specifically, the codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence used for scrambling can be generated based on an initial value, which may include the ID information of the wireless device. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by modulator 1020. The modulation scheme may include pi / 2-binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped (pre-encoded) to (one or more) corresponding antenna ports by pre-encoder 1040. The output z of pre-encoder 1040 can be obtained by multiplying the output y of layer mapper 1030 with N. The M precoding matrix W is obtained by multiplying the two matrices. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of transmission layers. The precoder 1040 can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) for complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0184] Resource mapper 1050 maps modulation symbols for each antenna port to time-frequency resources. Time-frequency resources may include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. Signal generator 1060 can generate radio signals from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signals can be transmitted to other devices via each antenna. For this purpose, signal generator 1060 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an up-converter.

[0185] Able to be with Figure 14 The signal processing procedures (1010~1060) are configured in reverse order for the signal processing procedures used to receive signals in a wireless device. For example, a wireless device (e.g., Figure 13 The receiver (e.g., 100, 200) can receive radio signals from the outside via the antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signals can be converted into baseband signals using a signal recovery unit. For this purpose, the signal recovery unit may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signals can be recovered into codewords through a resource demapping process, a post-encoding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codewords can be recovered into the original information blocks through decoding. Therefore, the signal processing circuitry (not illustrated) used for receiving signals may include a signal recovery unit, a resource demapping unit, a post-encoder, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0186] Figure 15 Another example of a wireless device based on an implementation of this disclosure is shown. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms depending on the use case / service (see reference). Figure 12 ). Figure 15 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0187] Reference Figure 15 The wireless devices (100, 200) can correspond to Figure 13 The wireless devices (100, 200) can be configured using various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices (100, 200) may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and (one or more) transceivers 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include... Figure 13 One or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204). For example, transceiver 114 may include one or more transceivers. Figure 13The device comprises one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208). The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the add-on components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on programs / code / commands / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from an external source (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0188] The add-on component 140 can be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the add-on component 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device can be implemented in, but is not limited to, the following forms: robot ( Figure 12 100a), vehicles ( Figure 12 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR device ( Figure 12 100c), handheld device ( Figure 12 100d), home appliances ( Figure 12 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 12 100f), digital broadcasting terminals, holographic devices, public safety devices, MTC devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, climate / environmental devices, AI servers / devices ( Figure 12 400), BS ( Figure 12 (e.g., 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, wireless devices can be used in mobile or fixed locations.

[0189] exist Figure 15In the wireless devices (100, 200), all various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules can be connected to each other via wired interfaces, or at least partially connected wirelessly via communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices (100, 200), control unit 120 and communication unit 110 can be connected via a wired connection, and control unit 120 and first units (e.g., 130, 140) can be wirelessly connected via communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless devices (100, 200) may also include one or more elements. For example, control unit 120 may be constructed using a collection of one or more processors. As an example, control unit 120 may be constructed using a collection of communication control processors, application processors, electronic control units (ECUs), graphics processing units, and memory control processors. As another example, memory 130 may be constructed using random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and / or combinations thereof.

[0190] The implementation will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 15 Examples.

[0191] Figure 16 A handheld device based on an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The handheld device may include a smartphone, smartpad, wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smart glasses), or portable computer (e.g., a laptop). The handheld device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), user terminal (UT), mobile subscriber station (MSS), subscriber station (SS), advanced mobile station (AMS), or wireless terminal (WT). Figure 16 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0192] Reference Figure 16 The handheld device 100 may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a storage unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b, and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to... Figure 15 The frame is 110 to 130 / 140.

[0193] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or BSs. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the constituent elements of handheld device 100. Control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). Storage unit 130 can store data / parameters / programs / codes / commands required to drive handheld device 100. Storage unit 130 can store input / output data / information. Power supply unit 140a can supply power to handheld device 100 and includes wired / wireless charging circuitry, battery, etc. Interface unit 140b can support connection of handheld device 100 to other external devices. Interface unit 140b may include various ports for connecting to external devices (e.g., audio I / O ports and video I / O ports). I / O unit 140c can input or output user-input video information / signals, audio information / signals, data and / or information. I / O unit 140c may include a camera, microphone, user input unit, display unit 140d, speaker and / or haptic module.

[0194] For example, in the case of data communication, I / O unit 140c can acquire user input information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video), and the acquired information / signals can be stored in storage unit 130. Communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to the BS. Communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or the BS, and then recover the received radio signals into the original information / signals. The recovered information / signals can be stored in storage unit 130 and can be output in various types (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or haptic feedback) through I / O unit 140.

[0195] Figure 17 The illustration shows a vehicle or autonomous vehicle based on an embodiment of this disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle can be implemented using mobile robots, automobiles, trains, manned / unmanned aerial vehicles (AVs), ships, etc. Figure 17 The implementation methods can be combined with various implementation methods of this disclosure.

[0196] Reference Figure 17 The vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to... Figure 15 The frame size is 110 / 130 / 140.

[0197] Communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, BS (e.g., gNB and roadside units), and servers. Control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. Control unit 120 may include electronic control unit (ECU). Drive unit 140a can cause the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move on the road. Drive unit 140a may include engine, motor, transmission system, wheels, brakes, steering system, etc. Power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. Sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status, external environment information, user information, etc. Sensor unit 140c may include inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors, collision sensors, wheel sensors, speed sensors, slope sensors, weight sensors, heading sensors, position modules, vehicle forward / reverse sensors, battery sensors, fuel sensors, tire sensors, steering sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, ultrasonic sensors, lighting sensors, pedal position sensors, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140d can implement technologies for maintaining the vehicle's lane, technologies for automatically adjusting speed (e.g., adaptive cruise control), technologies for autonomously driving along a defined path, and technologies for automatically setting a path when a destination is set.

[0198] For example, communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, etc., from an external server. Autonomous driving unit 140d can generate autonomous driving paths and driving plans from the acquired data. Control unit 120 can control drive unit 140a, enabling the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to move along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, communication unit 110 can periodically or non-periodically acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. Autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on newly acquired data / information. Communication unit 110 can transmit information about vehicle location, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to an external server. The external server can predict traffic information data using AI technology, etc., based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicle, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle.

[0199] The claims in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, technical features in the method claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device, and technical features in the device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a method. Additionally, technical features in one or more method claims and one or more device claims can be combined to implement or perform in a device.

Claims

1. A method comprising the following steps: Obtain information related to the resources being sent; as well as Sending is performed based on the L sub-resource groups within the sending resource. The size of the transport block used for transmission is determined based on the size of the sub-resource group within the transmission resource, and Where L is a positive integer.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The transport block size is determined by scaling the transport block size based on the size of the transmit resource based on the size of the sub-resource group.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission resources are divided into the L sub-resource groups.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The sending is performed repeatedly on the L sub-resource groups.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Orthogonal overlay codes are applied to the L sub-resource groups.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The length of the orthogonal covering code is L.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The mapping of at least one of the data, reference signals, or control information is performed based on the sub-resource group.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Whether to apply orthogonal overlay codes to the L sub-resource groups is based on the size of the transmitted resources.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein, Since the size of the transmitted resource is 1 Physical Resource Block (PRB), the orthogonal overlay code can be applied to the L sub-resource groups.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein, Since the size of the transmitted resource is not one physical resource block (PRB), the orthogonal overlay code is not allowed to be applied to the L sub-resource groups.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Whether to apply orthogonal overlay codes to the L sub-resource groups is based on the pattern of reference signals mapped within the transmission resources.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, The reference signal is at least one of a phase tracking reference signal or a demodulation reference signal.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission resources are resources used for transmitting uplink data channels.

14. An apparatus comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the device to perform operations, the operations including: Obtain information related to the resources being sent; and Sending is performed based on the L sub-resource groups within the sending resource. The size of the transport block used for transmission is determined based on the size of the sub-resource group within the transmission resource, and Where L is a positive integer.

15. A processing apparatus suitable for a control device, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, based on execution by the at least one processor, cause the device to perform operations, the operations including: Obtain information related to the resources being sent; and Sending is performed based on the L sub-resource groups within the sending resource. The size of the transport block used for transmission is determined based on the size of the sub-resource group within the transmission resource, and Where L is a positive integer.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, said instructions, when executed, causing a device to perform operations, said operations including: Obtain information related to the resources being sent; as well as Sending is performed based on the L sub-resource groups within the sending resource. The size of the transport block used for transmission is determined based on the size of the sub-resource group within the transmission resource, and Where L is a positive integer.

17. A method comprising the steps of: Send information related to the resources being sent; as well as Reception is performed based on the L sub-resource groups within the transmitted resource. The size of the transport block used for receiving is determined based on the size of the sub-resource group within the transmitted resource, and Where L is a positive integer.

18. A base station, the base station comprising: At least one transceiver; At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the base station to perform an operation, the operation including: Send information related to the sent resources; and Reception is performed based on the L sub-resource groups within the transmitted resource. The size of the transport block used for receiving is determined based on the size of the sub-resource group within the transmitted resource, and Where L is a positive integer.

19. A processing apparatus suitable for controlling a base station, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one memory, connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the base station to perform an operation, the operation including: Send information related to the sent resources; and Reception is performed based on the L sub-resource groups within the transmitted resource. The size of the transport block used for receiving is determined based on the size of the sub-resource group within the transmitted resource, and Where L is a positive integer.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions, said instructions causing a base station to perform operations when executed, said operations including: Send information related to the resources being sent; as well as Reception is performed based on the L sub-resource groups within the transmitted resource. The size of the transport block used for receiving is determined based on the size of the sub-resource group within the transmitted resource, and Where L is a positive integer.

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