Production line for manufacturing and / or processing metal workpieces

Abstract

The present invention relates to a production line (1) for manufacturing and / or processing metal workpieces (2) conveyed along a conveying direction (R1), wherein the production line (1) has at least a first forming device (4) and a second forming device (5) connected to the first forming device (4) via a first transport device (60), and the production line (1) has at least one induction heating device (3) for heating the metal workpieces (2) conveyed along the conveying direction (R1). The induction heating device (3) includes a first spool (10) which is positionally adjustable in a first direction (R2) such that a first normal distance between the first spool (10) and the workpiece (2) located in the induction heating device (3) is variable, and the induction heating device (3) includes a second spool (20) which is positionally adjustable in the first direction (R2) such that a second normal distance between the second spool (20) and the workpiece (2) located in the induction heating device (3) is variable. The induction heating device (3) includes at least one energy supply device (50) electrically connected to the first spool (10) and / or the second spool (20), which is configured to supply alternating current and / or alternating voltage to the first spool (10) and the second spool (20) such that the penetration depth δ of the current-carrying layer of the conveyed metal workpiece (2) is less than or equal to 0.7 times the thickness range (t) of the conveyed metal workpiece (2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a production line for manufacturing and / or processing metal workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In production lines used for manufacturing and / or processing metal workpieces, such as in hot rolling lines, the metal workpieces passing through are subjected to heat treatment and mechanical treatment. This is often directly related, causing the metal workpieces to be heated to the temperature required for the subsequent machining step (e.g., forming) through a heating process. Heat treatment is carried out in conventional heating devices, such as ovens, or by induction heating devices, or a combination of both.

[0003] Known induction heating devices for heating metal workpieces have spools that are fixed relative to the metal workpiece and / or adjustable in a vertical and / or horizontal position relative to the conveying direction of the metal workpiece, wherein the metal workpiece is guided through the respective spool in the conveying direction.

[0004] The spool of this induction heating device is powered by a power source via power electronic components such as transformers, inverters, rectifiers, and capacitors. Therefore, the induction heating device can be used for transverse or longitudinal field induction, thereby achieving more uniform heating of the metal workpiece through longitudinal field induction. Known longitudinal field induction devices typically have a spool fixed relative to the metal workpiece. Alternatively, known longitudinal field induction devices have a spool wound around the metal workpiece.

[0005] In induction heating devices with fixed spools, the distance between the fixed spool and the metal workpiece is always designed such that, when viewed transversely to the conveying plane of the corresponding induction heating device, even a metal workpiece of the largest possible size will not collide with the fixed spool. This means that the spool must always maintain the largest possible safety distance from the metal workpiece. However, the result of this provided safety distance is a significant reduction in the achievable electrical efficiency of the corresponding induction heating device. This is a considerable disadvantage, especially in production lines used for processing and / or manufacturing metal workpieces of different sizes. Furthermore, in the case of induction heating devices with spools wound around the metal workpiece, it is impossible to remove the metal workpiece from the production line while it is in the line. Therefore, the flexibility of the production line in manufacturing and / or processing metal workpieces of different sizes is severely limited. Moreover, it is impossible to react quickly to any fluctuations in heating uniformity, because, for example, it is impossible to add or remove additional induction heating devices for selectively increasing or decreasing the heat energy introduced into the metal workpiece during ongoing production operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a production line that improves the electrical efficiency between the spool and the metal workpiece, and increases the flexibility in manufacturing metal workpieces of different sizes.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through a production line having the features of claim 1. Advantageous designs of the production line are described in the dependent claims.

[0008] More precisely, the objective of this invention is achieved through a production line for manufacturing and / or processing metal workpieces conveyed along a conveying direction, wherein the production line has at least a first forming device and a second forming device connected to the first forming device via a first transport device. The production line has at least one induction heating device for heating the metal workpieces conveyed along the conveying direction, wherein the induction heating device includes a first spool, which is positionally adjustable in a first direction such that a first normal distance between the first spool and the workpiece located in the induction heating device is variable, and wherein the induction heating device includes a second spool, which is positionally adjustable in the first direction such that a second normal distance between the second spool and the workpiece located in the induction heating device is variable, wherein the first spool and / or the second spool is electrically connected to a first capacitor device. The induction heating device includes at least one energy supply device electrically connected to a first spool and / or a second spool, wherein the energy supply device is configured to provide alternating current and / or alternating voltage to the first spool and the second spool, such that the penetration depth δ of the current induced by the first spool and / or the second spool into the current-carrying layer of the conveyed metal workpiece is less than or equal to 0.7 times the thickness range of the conveyed metal workpiece.

[0009] The current density of the current induced by the alternating magnetic field of the first and / or second spindles in the metal workpiece located in the induction heating device decreases across the thickness of the metal workpiece, starting from the corresponding surface. The penetration depth δ of the current induced by the first and second spindles into the current-carrying layer, starting from the surface of the metal workpiece, is defined as the penetration depth of the e-th portion of the current density of the induced current decreasing to the surface of the metal workpiece, where e is the Euler number. The penetration depth δ is determined by the following equation (1):

[0010] The following content applies: ρ = resistivity, the unit is Ωm. π = circle number µ0 = magnetic field constant, in N / A 2 , µ r =Relative permeability, dimensionless, and f = frequency, with units of 1 / s.

[0011] The penetration depth δ increases as the frequency of the induced current decreases. Therefore, as the frequency of the induced current decreases, the current density of the induced current originating from the surface of the metal workpiece decreases more slowly across the thickness of the workpiece. As a result, the lower layers of the metal workpiece are also heated, starting from the surface, thus achieving increased heating uniformity along the thickness of the workpiece.

[0012] According to formula (1), it can be seen that the penetration depth δ depends on the frequency of the alternating current flowing through the first and second spools, and the material of the metal workpiece being transported by the relative permeability μr. Therefore, the energy supply device configured to provide alternating current and alternating voltage to the first and second spools to achieve the defined penetration depth δ is configured to provide alternating current and alternating voltage of appropriate frequencies to the first and second spools. Thus, the penetration depth δ can be adjusted according to formula (1) using the known relative permeability μr of the transported metal workpiece.

[0013] The energy supply equipment can be configured to provide alternating current and / or alternating voltage to the first and second spools, such that the penetration depth δ of the current induced by the first and / or second spools into the current-carrying layer of the conveyed metal workpiece is ≤0.6 times, ≤0.5 times, ≤0.45 times, ≤0.4 times, ≤0.35 times, or ≤0.3 times the thickness range of the conveyed metal workpiece.

[0014] It has been demonstrated that production lines constructed in this manner have the advantages of achieving high electrical efficiency between the spool and the metal workpiece during induction heating, while simultaneously achieving increased heating uniformity of the metal workpiece, particularly increased heating uniformity across the thickness range of the metal workpiece.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the energy supply device can be configured to provide alternating current and / or alternating voltage to the first and second spools, such that the penetration depth δ of the current induced by the first and / or second spools into the current-carrying layer of the conveyed metal workpiece is ≤0.6 times and ≥0.3 times, ≤0.5 times and ≥0.3 times, ≤0.6 times and ≥0.4 times, ≤0.5 times and ≥0.4 times, ≤0.45 times and ≥0.3 times, or ≤0.4 times and ≥0.3 times the thickness range of the conveyed metal workpiece. According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the energy supply device can be configured to provide alternating current and / or alternating voltage to the first and second spools, such that the penetration depth δ of the current induced by the first and / or second spools into the current-carrying layer of the conveyed metal workpiece is ≤0.45 times and ≥0.4 times the thickness range of the conveyed metal workpiece.

[0016] It has been demonstrated that production lines constructed in this manner have the advantage of achieving further increased electrical efficiency between the spool and the metal workpiece during induction heating, while also achieving further increased heating uniformity of the metal workpiece, particularly within the thickness range of the metal workpiece.

[0017] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the energy supply device can be configured to provide alternating current and / or alternating voltage to the first and second spools, such that the penetration depth δ of the current induced by the first and / or second spools into the current-carrying layer of the conveyed metal workpiece is 0.45 times the thickness range of the conveyed metal workpiece.

[0018] It has been demonstrated that production lines constructed in this manner have the advantage of achieving particularly high electrical efficiency between the spool and the metal workpiece during induction heating, while also achieving significantly increased heating uniformity of the metal workpiece, particularly within the thickness range of the metal workpiece.

[0019] Electrical efficiency in the sense of this invention is defined as the ratio between the electrical energy consumed on the spool and the heat input generated in the metal workpiece as a result.

[0020] The electrical efficiency can preferably be adjusted based on the first normal distance and / or the second normal distance. The smaller the first normal distance and / or the second normal distance, the better the electrical efficiency.

[0021] Preferably, during operation of the production line and / or the induction heating device, the first normal distance and / or the second normal distance are set to minimum values. In other words, a minimum distance is set between the surface side of the first spool and the metal workpiece corresponding to the first spool and / or the surface side of the second spool and the metal workpiece corresponding to the second spool, without direct contact between the spool and the metal workpiece.

[0022] The energy supply equipment is configured to provide electrical energy for the operation of at least one spool, particularly electrical energy with a suitable current intensity, suitable voltage, and / or suitable frequency. This energy supply device can be configured to provide electrical energy to multiple spools, particularly at least two spools, preferably three, four, five, six, or more spools. The energy supply equipment may include at least one power converter, particularly an inverter, or may be configured as such.

[0023] Metal workpieces can be constructed as substantially flat pieces. Workpieces can be constructed, for example, as metal sheets, strips, or shaped plates.

[0024] The substantially flat workpiece according to the invention has a thickness range that is substantially smaller than the width and length ranges.

[0025] The length range of a metal workpiece is the range of the metal workpiece in the conveying direction.

[0026] The thickness range of a metal workpiece is the range of the metal workpiece in the first direction.

[0027] The width range of a metal workpiece is the range of the metal workpiece in the second direction.

[0028] The conveying direction, the first direction, and the second direction form an orthogonal coordinate system. The conveying direction and the second direction span the conveying plane. The plane defined by the length and width range of the metal workpiece conveyed along the conveying direction is preferably oriented parallel to the conveying plane.

[0029] The metal workpiece has a first outer edge and a second outer edge opposite to the first outer edge. The first and second outer edges constrain the metal workpiece within its width.

[0030] The first forming apparatus and / or the second forming apparatus may include one or more forming devices. The forming devices may be configured as rolling equipment, pressing equipment, deep drawing equipment, embossing equipment, stamping equipment, or a combination of the above. In other words, the first forming apparatus and / or the second forming apparatus may each be configured as a single forming frame or a multi-frame forming apparatus.

[0031] The first transport device can be constructed as a conveyor belt or roller conveyor.

[0032] The first capacitor device may include a single capacitor or multiple capacitors. Multiple capacitors may be connected in parallel with each other.

[0033] The first spool preferably has at least one winding formed by at least two first conductor profiles connected via a first connecting web. The second spool preferably has at least one winding formed by at least two second conductor profiles connected via a second connecting web.

[0034] A first connecting web can be connected to two first conductor profiles, such that the first spool has a U-shape. A second connecting web can be connected to two second conductor profiles, such that the second spool has a U-shape.

[0035] The two first conductor profiles are preferably welded to the first connecting web, and more preferably integrally connected. The two second conductor profiles are preferably welded to the second connecting web, and more preferably integrally connected.

[0036] The conductor profiles of the first and / or second spools may have rectangular cross-sections in a cross-sectional plane stretched from the transport direction and the first direction. The connecting webs of the first and / or second spools may also have rectangular cross-sections in a cross-sectional plane stretched from the first and second directions.

[0037] The conductor profile of the first and / or second bobbin may have a hollow profile cross-section on a cross-sectional plane stretched from the conveying direction and the first direction, preferably a rectangular hollow profile cross-section.

[0038] The connecting web of the first and / or second bobbin may have a hollow profile cross-section on the cross-sectional plane stretched from the first and second directions, preferably a rectangular hollow profile cross-section.

[0039] The free cross-section of the connecting web of the conductor profile and the first spool can form a first cooling fluid channel. The free cross-section of the connecting web of the conductor profile and the second spool can form a second cooling fluid channel for the second spool.

[0040] The production line may include a cooling device for cooling the spool of the induction heating device, wherein the cooling device has at least one first cooling circuit having a first inlet and a first outlet fluidly connected to the first inlet via a first cooling fluid channel. In other words, the first cooling circuit may pass through the first cooling fluid channel inside the first spool at least in sections.

[0041] The first cooling circuit may also have a second inlet and a second outlet that is fluidly connected to the second inlet via a second cooling fluid channel. In other words, the first cooling circuit may pass through the second cooling fluid channel inside the second spool at least in sections.

[0042] The cooling device may have at least one second cooling circuit, which has a second inlet and a second outlet fluidly connected to the second inlet via a second cooling fluid channel. In other words, the cooling circuit passes through the second cooling fluid channel inside the second spool at least in segments.

[0043] The cooling equipment can be configured to provide a cooling capacity of ≥500 kW, ≥750 kW, or ≥1000 kW for at least one hour, preferably 23 hours per day. The cooling equipment can be configured to provide a cooling capacity of greater than or equal to 20% of the power supplied by the energy supply equipment, preferably greater than or equal to 30%, to the first and / or second spools.

[0044] The conductor profiles and connecting webs of the first and / or second spools can have substantially constant wall thicknesses. The wall thickness can be configured to depend on the electrical penetration depth of the current flowing through the conductor profiles and the connecting webs of the first and / or second spools. The amount of wall thickness can be greater than or equal to twice the electrical penetration depth, preferably greater than or equal to three times the electrical penetration depth, and particularly preferably greater than or equal to four times the electrical penetration depth.

[0045] The advantage of a production line constructed in this way is that the induction heating device can heat metal workpieces with increased efficiency. Since the conductor profile of the spool and the wall thickness of the connecting web are selected based on the electrical penetration depth of the current flowing through the spool, power losses within the spool are reduced, and the amount of material required to manufacture the spool is decreased.

[0046] The conductor profile and connecting web of the first and / or second spools may have a range of less than or equal to 40 mm in the first direction, preferably less than or equal to 35 mm, and particularly preferably less than or equal to 30 mm.

[0047] The conductor profile of the first and / or second spools may have a range of less than or equal to 60 mm in the transport direction, preferably less than or equal to 55 mm, and particularly preferably less than or equal to 50 mm.

[0048] The connecting web of the first spool and / or the second spool may have a range of less than or equal to 60 mm in the second direction, preferably less than or equal to 55 mm, and particularly preferably less than or equal to 50 mm.

[0049] The production line preferably has an adjustment device for adjusting the orientation of the first spool and / or the second spool in a first direction and / or a second direction.

[0050] The adjusting device can be configured to adjust the orientation of the first spool and / or the second spool in a first direction, such that the first normal distance between the first spool and the metal workpiece located in the induction heating device and / or the second normal distance between the second spool and the metal workpiece located in the induction heating device is ≤100mm or ≤50mm or ≤40mm or ≤30mm or ≤20mm.

[0051] The adjusting device may include one or more hydraulic cylinders, rack and pinion actuators, or toggle levers for adjusting the orientation or position of the first and / or second spools in a first direction. The adjusting device may also include one or more moving units, trolleys, wheel-rail systems, and / or sliding systems for adjusting the orientation of the first and / or second spools in a second direction.

[0052] The adjusting device can be configured to adjust the orientation of the first spool in the first direction independently of its orientation in the second direction. For example, the adjusting device can adjust the orientation of the first spool in the first direction simultaneously with the orientation in the second direction. Alternatively, for example, the adjusting device can first adjust the orientation of the first spool in the first direction, and then adjust the orientation of the first spool in the second direction after the adjustment in the first direction is completed.

[0053] The adjustment device can be set to adjust the orientation of the second spool in the first direction independently of the orientation of the second spool in the second direction.

[0054] The adjustment device can be set to adjust the orientation of the first spool and the second spool independently of each other.

[0055] The adjusting device can be configured to adjust the orientation of the first spool and / or the second spool in a second direction such that the distance from the first connecting web of the first spool to the first edge of the first outer edge of the conveyed metal workpiece is less than or equal to 5 times the range of the air gap d between the first spool and the second spool, and / or the distance from the second connecting web of the second spool to the second edge of the first outer edge of the conveyed metal workpiece is less than or equal to 5 times the range of the air gap d between the first spool and the second spool.

[0056] The advantage of an induction heating device constructed in this way is that it achieves increased heating uniformity during the induction heating of a metal workpiece, especially increased heating uniformity over the width of the metal workpiece.

[0057] In the case of longitudinal field induction, the current induced in the metal workpiece by the first bobbin is in the opposite direction to the current induced by the second bobbin. The current induced in the metal workpiece by the first bobbin extends along the width of the metal workpiece on a first side and closes with the current induced by the second bobbin at the first outer edge of the metal workpiece. The current induced in the metal workpiece by the second bobbin extends along the width of the metal workpiece on a second side in the opposite direction to the current induced by the first bobbin and again closes with the current induced by the first bobbin at the second outer edge of the metal workpiece. As a result, the induced currents of the first and second bobsbins form a closed circuit in a plane orthogonal to the transport direction of the metal workpiece. Therefore, in particular, no current is induced running along the transport direction at the first and / or second outer edges. This avoids overheating of the outer edges, resulting in increased heating uniformity of the metal workpiece across its width during induction heating.

[0058] The first edge distance is the normal distance in a second direction between the first connecting web of the first spool and the first outer edge of the metal workpiece located in the induction heating device. The second edge distance is the normal distance in a second direction between the second connecting web of the second spool and the first outer edge of the metal workpiece located in the induction heating device.

[0059] The air gap d between the first and second spools is the actual distance between them in a first direction. In other words, the range of the air gap d corresponds to the sum of the first normal distance between the first spool and the metal workpiece located in the induction heating device, the thickness range of the metal workpiece, and the second normal distance between the second spool and the metal workpiece.

[0060] The air gap d between the first and second spools can extend in a first direction depending on the metal workpiece being conveyed. For example, the air gap d between the first and second spools can have a range of ≤350mm, ≤300mm, ≤250mm, ≤200mm, ≤150mm, or ≤100mm in the first direction. Alternatively, the air gap d between the first and second spools can have a range of ≥350mm, ≥300mm, ≥250mm, ≥200mm, ≥150mm, or ≥100mm in the first direction. Finally, the air gap d between the first and second spools can have a range of ≤350mm and ≥100mm, ≤300mm and ≥150mm, ≤250mm and ≥150mm, or ≤250mm and ≥200mm in the first direction.

[0061] The adjusting device can be configured to adjust the orientation of the first spool and / or the second spool in a second direction such that the distance from the first connecting web of the first spool to the first edge of the first outer edge of the conveyed metal workpiece is ≤4 times, ≤3 times, ≤2 times, or ≤1.5 times the range of the air gap d between the first spool and the second spool, and / or the distance from the second connecting web of the second spool to the second edge of the first outer edge of the conveyed metal workpiece is ≤4 times, ≤3 times, ≤2 times, or ≤1.5 times the range of the air gap d between the first spool and the second spool.

[0062] The adjusting device can be configured to adjust the orientation of the first spool and / or the second spool in a second direction such that the distance from the first connecting web of the first spool to the first edge of the first outer edge of the conveyed metal workpiece is ≥0 times, ≥0.5 times, ≥1 times, or ≥1.5 times the range of the air gap d between the first spool and the second spool, and / or the distance from the second connecting web of the second spool to the second edge of the first outer edge of the conveyed metal workpiece is ≥0 times, ≥0.5 times, ≥1 times, or ≥1.5 times the range of the air gap d between the first spool and the second spool.

[0063] The advantage of an induction heating device constructed in this way is that it achieves high electrical efficiency between the spool and the metal workpiece during induction heating, while also achieving increased heating uniformity of the metal workpiece, especially increased heating uniformity over the width of the metal workpiece.

[0064] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the adjusting device can be configured to adjust the orientation of the first spool and / or the second spool in a second direction, such that the distance from the first connecting web of the first spool to the second edge of the first outer edge of the conveyed metal workpiece is ≥0.5 times and ≤3 times, ≥1 times and ≤3 times, ≥1 times and ≤2 times the range of the air gap d between the first spool and the second spool, and / or, the distance from the second connecting web of the second spool to the second edge of the first outer edge of the conveyed metal workpiece is ≥0.5 times and ≤3 times, ≥1 times and ≤3 times, ≥1 times and ≤2 times the range of the air gap d between the first spool and the second spool.

[0065] The advantage of an induction heating device constructed in this way is that it achieves particularly high electrical efficiency between the spindle and the metal workpiece during induction heating of the metal workpiece, while also achieving particularly increased heating uniformity of the metal workpiece, especially over the width of the metal workpiece.

[0066] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that at least one induction heating device is arranged in front of the first forming device relative to the conveying direction.

[0067] The advantage of a production line constructed in this way is that the metal workpieces passing through can be heated to the specific processing temperature for mechanical treatment by an induction heating device before undergoing mechanical processing in the first forming device. This improves the desired results of the mechanical treatment, such as regarding the microstructure of the metal workpieces.

[0068] The production line is preferably constructed such that at least one induction heating device is disposed between the first forming device and the second forming device relative to the conveying direction.

[0069] The advantage of this production line configuration is that, after the first mechanical treatment in the first forming device and before the second mechanical treatment in the second forming device, the metal workpiece can be heated by an induction heating device to the specific processing temperature of the second mechanical treatment. This improves the desired results of the overall mechanical treatment, such as regarding the microstructure of the metal workpiece.

[0070] The production line can be constructed such that at least one induction heating device is arranged behind the second forming device relative to the conveying direction.

[0071] A production line constructed in this manner has the advantage that, after mechanical processing by the first and second forming devices, the metal workpiece is heated to a specific temperature by an induction heating device. This improves the desired results of the entire mechanical process, such as regarding the microstructure of the metal workpiece.

[0072] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that at least one induction heating device is arranged directly adjacent to the first forming device or the second forming device relative to the conveying direction.

[0073] The induction heating device is arranged directly adjacent to the forming device relative to the conveying direction, either in front of or behind the forming device. In particular, there is no or only a negligible distance between the forming device and the directly adjacent induction heating device in the conveying direction, such that the passing metal workpiece is directly conveyed from the induction heating device to the forming device, or from the forming device to the induction heating device.

[0074] The advantage of a production line constructed in this way is that, prior to mechanical processing in the first or second forming unit, the passing metal workpiece can be heated to the specific processing temperature required for the mechanical treatment via an induction heating device. In particular, since the metal workpiece is directly fed into the forming unit, the specific processing temperature can be set more precisely. This further improves the desired results of the mechanical treatment, such as regarding the microstructure of the metal workpiece.

[0075] The production line is preferably constructed such that the induction heating device has an induction heating distance of less than or equal to 10,000 mm in the conveying direction.

[0076] The induction heating path of the induction heating device is the path in the conveying direction, through which the metal workpiece is induction heated by the induction heating device.

[0077] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that it has at least one temperature control device and the induction heating device is arranged directly adjacent to the temperature control device relative to the conveying direction, or the induction heating device is spaced apart from the temperature control device relative to the conveying direction.

[0078] An induction heating device, positioned directly adjacent to a temperature regulating device, forms a temperature regulating assembly together with the temperature regulating device. Using this temperature regulating assembly, a metal workpiece passing along the conveying path in the conveying direction can be subjected to a variable heating profile. For example, in the first part of the temperature regulating assembly formed by the temperature regulating device, the metal workpiece can be subjected to a heating profile for continuous linear heating. In the second part of the temperature regulating assembly formed by the induction heating device, the metal workpiece can be subjected to a heating profile to selectively heat its outer edges. This further improves the desired results of mechanical processing in subsequent forming devices, such as regarding the microstructure of the metal workpiece or the achievable degree of forming.

[0079] Temperature control devices can be configured as heating devices, such as continuous furnaces. Temperature control devices can also be configured as cooling devices, such as inter-zone cooling devices, rapid cooling devices, or laminar flow cooling sections.

[0080] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that at least one temperature regulating device is arranged relative to the conveying direction in front of the first forming device and / or behind the second forming device and / or between the first forming device and the second forming device.

[0081] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that it has at least one primary forming device for manufacturing metal workpieces, wherein the primary forming device is arranged in front of the first forming device relative to the conveying direction.

[0082] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that the primary forming device is connected to the primary forming device via a second transport device.

[0083] The second transport equipment can be constructed as a conveyor belt or roller conveyor.

[0084] The production line may include one or more further processing units. These processing units may be configured as joining devices, such as friction welding devices, or separating devices, such as mechanical separating devices or flame cutting devices, or surface treatment devices, such as cleaning devices or scale removal devices, or cooling devices, such as inter-belt cooling devices, rapid cooling devices, or laminar flow cooling sections. Relative to the conveying direction, another processing unit may be arranged in front of the first forming device and / or behind the second forming device and / or between the first and second forming devices.

[0085] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that the second spool is electrically connected to the second capacitor device.

[0086] The second capacitor device may include a single capacitor or multiple capacitors. Multiple capacitors may be connected in parallel with each other.

[0087] The first capacitor bank and the second capacitor bank can form a structural unit. In other words, the first capacitor bank and the second capacitor bank can be immovable relative to each other. The structural unit can be formed in such a way that the first capacitor bank and the second capacitor bank are arranged in a common capacitor bank.

[0088] The first spool can be releasably grounded to the first capacitor device and / or the second spool can be releasably grounded to the first capacitor device and / or the second capacitor device.

[0089] The advantage of a production line constructed in this way is that, in the event of maintenance or repair, the replacement of the first and / or second spools can be accelerated.

[0090] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that the first spool and / or the second spool are supported in an adjustable position in the second direction.

[0091] Production lines constructed in this manner offer the advantage that the first and / or second spools can be moved out of and / or into the conveyor section of the production line while metal workpieces are conveyed along the conveying direction. This reduces downtime, thereby minimizing production line failures. Furthermore, additional induction heating devices for heating the metal workpieces passing through the production line can be positioned if needed. Therefore, the production line's flexibility in terms of available heating power allows for adaptability to various applications.

[0092] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that the first capacitor device is supported in an adjustable position in the second direction.

[0093] The advantage of constructing a production line in this way is that the first capacitor device can follow the movement of the first and / or second spools in the first and / or second directions. As a result, the electrical connection between the first capacitor device and the first and / or second spools can be shortened. Consequently, power transmission losses between the first capacitor device and the first and / or second spools can be reduced.

[0094] The second capacitor device is preferably supported in a position adjustable in the second direction.

[0095] The production line may include capacitor adjusting equipment for adjusting the position of a first capacitor device and / or a second capacitor device. Specifically, the capacitor adjusting equipment may be configured to adjust the position of the first capacitor device independently of the position of the second capacitor device.

[0096] The advantage of constructing a production line in this way is that the distance between the first capacitor bank and the first and / or second spool, and / or the distance between the second capacitor bank and the second spool, does not reach or exceed the critical maximum value. Therefore, the length of the energy transmission equipment, particularly the cables, between the capacitor bank and the spool can be significantly reduced again, thereby further reducing power transmission losses between the capacitor bank and the spool.

[0097] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that the first spool and / or the second spool are positionally adjustable relative to the first capacitor device in a first direction.

[0098] The advantage of constructing a production line in this way is that by separating the first capacitor device from the first and / or second spools, the mass required to move the first and / or second spools is reduced, especially since the first and / or second spools would otherwise be rigidly connected to the first capacitor device. As a result, the entire system can operate more dynamically relative to the metal workpiece with respect to the adjusting mechanism used to adjust the first and / or second spools, thus responding to dynamic operational requirements in an improved manner. Furthermore, due to the reduced mass to be moved, the auxiliary energy required to move the first and / or second spools is significantly reduced.

[0099] The first spool can be electrically connected to the first capacitor device and / or the second spool can be electrically connected to the first capacitor device and / or the second capacitor device via a flexible energy transmission device.

[0100] Energy transmission equipment may include or be configured as cables. Alternatively or additionally, energy transmission equipment may have, or be configured as, telescopic busbars.

[0101] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that the first spool and / or the second spool are adjustablely supported relative to the first capacitor device in a second direction.

[0102] Production lines constructed in this manner have the advantage that the entire system can operate more dynamically relative to the metal workpieces, with respect to the adjustment mechanisms used to adjust the first and / or second spools, thus providing a better response to dynamic operational requirements. Furthermore, the auxiliary energy required to move the first and / or second spools is significantly reduced due to the further reduction in the mass to be moved.

[0103] The first spool and / or the second spool are preferably supported in an adjustable position relative to the second capacitor device in a second direction.

[0104] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that the first and second spools are configured to heat the metal workpieces conveyed along the conveying direction by transverse field induction and / or longitudinal field induction.

[0105] The advantage of this production line configuration is that the induction heating device is set to uniformly heat the metal workpiece passing through it via longitudinal field induction, and to purposefully heat the outer edge of the metal workpiece passing through it via transverse field induction. This increases the flexibility of manufacturing metal workpieces of different sizes.

[0106] The production line is preferably constructed such that the induction heating device has at least one third spool, wherein the third spool is configured to induction heat the metal workpiece conveyed along the conveying direction by transverse field induction.

[0107] The third spool can be positioned behind the first spool and / or the second spool, relative to the conveying direction.

[0108] The third spool may be spaced apart from the first and / or second spools relative to the conveying direction. Alternatively, the third spool may be arranged directly adjacent to the first and / or second spools relative to the conveying direction.

[0109] The third spool can be supported in an adjustable position in the conveying direction, the first direction, and / or the second direction.

[0110] The third spool may be positionably supported relative to the first and / or second spools in the conveying direction, the first direction, and / or the second direction. Alternatively, the third spool may be positively coupled to the first and / or second spools with respect to movement in the conveying direction, the first direction, and / or the second direction.

[0111] The adjustment device can be configured to adjust the orientation of the third spool in the first direction in such a way that a third normal distance of ≤100mm or ≤50mm or ≤40mm or ≤30mm or ≤20mm is established between the third spool and the metal workpiece located in the induction heating device.

[0112] The adjustment device can be set to adjust the orientation of the third spool in the first direction independently of the orientation of the third spool in the second direction.

[0113] The adjustment device can be configured to adjust the orientation of the first spool, the second spool, and the third spool independently of each other.

[0114] The adjusting device can be configured to adjust the orientation of the third spool in the second direction in such a way that the third connecting web of the third spool has a third edge distance from the first outer edge of the conveyed metal workpiece.

[0115] The production line is preferably constructed in such a way that the surface of the first spool is configured such that electricity can be applied at a rate of less than or equal to 500 W / cm². 2 The power density is transmitted through the surface of the first spool.

[0116] The advantage of a production line constructed in this way is that the induction heating device can heat metal workpieces with increased efficiency. The surface of the first spool constructed in this way reduces power loss within the spool and also requires less material to manufacture it.

[0117] The surface of the first bobbin can be formed by the first side of the first conductor profile of the first bobbin facing the first side of the metal workpiece.

[0118] In other words, the first conductor profile may have an extension in the transport direction and an extension in the second direction, thereby forming a first spool surface constructed in this way.

[0119] The surface of the first bobbin may also include one side of the first connecting web facing the first side of the metal workpiece.

[0120] The surface of the second bobbin can be formed by the second conductor profile of the second bobbin facing the second side of the metal workpiece.

[0121] The surface of the second spool can be configured such that the electric current can be less than or equal to 500 W / cm². 2 The power density is transmitted through the second spool surface. In other words, the second conductor profile may have an extension in the transport direction and an extension in the second direction, thereby forming a second spool surface constructed in this way.

[0122] The surface of the second spool may also include one side of the second connecting web facing the second side of the metal workpiece.

[0123] In a series of experiments to improve the production line, multivariate experimental studies were conducted on different operating parameters of the induction heating device. The advantages, details, and features of the invention determined in the experiments are apparent from the embodiments further explained below.

[0124] Surprisingly, contrary to the previous assumption that higher penetration depth δ also leads to higher electrical efficiency between the spool and the metal workpiece, it has been found that the electrical efficiency between the spool and the metal workpiece decreases again with further increases in penetration depth δ.

[0125] A series of experiments showed that having a specified maximum penetration depth or a penetration depth δ in certain defined regions is particularly advantageous. The results from this series of experiments are shown in Table 1.

[0126]

[0127] Table 1: Penetration depth δ, electrical efficiency, and heating uniformity in the thickness range (rating in each case is 0). The value is between 0 and 10, where 0 represents the minimum possible characteristic of the corresponding feature, and 10 represents the maximum possible characteristic of the corresponding feature.

[0128] The penetration depth δ is set in the experimental series according to the relationship in equation (1). For metal workpieces, the temperature-dependent frequency of the alternating current flowing through the first and second spindles can approximately determine the given penetration depth δ.

[0129] By using a thermal imaging camera to record thermal images of the surface of a metal workpiece, particularly the first and / or second sides, the heating uniformity and electrical efficiency along the thickness range of the metal workpiece can be indirectly determined. The heat energy generated in the metal workpiece and the temperature of the metal workpiece are determined by the law of electrothermal motion (also known as "Joule's first law") and are directly dependent on the current flowing through the metal workpiece. Starting from the temperature measured on the surface of the metal workpiece, particularly the first and / or second sides, the temperature within the thickness range of the metal workpiece can be approximated by the current density in different layers within the thickness range of the metal workpiece, according to the relationship described in Equation (1). The electrical efficiency between the spool and the metal workpiece is as follows. Within a specified time range, the power converted in the metal workpiece is determined based on the heat energy converted in the metal workpiece. Based on the electrical power supplied to the first and second spools measured within the same time range, the electrical efficiency between the spool and the metal workpiece can finally be determined. Furthermore, the power loss of the spool can be determined based on the difference between the electrical power supplied to the first and second spools and the power converted into the metal workpiece.

[0130] Alternatively, the temperature distribution within the thickness range can be directly determined in experiments using thermocouples embedded in the metal workpiece.

[0131] If, for a given parameter combination, the heating uniformity along the thickness range of the metal workpiece is 10, then the temperature deviation along the thickness range of the metal workpiece is ≤1 Kelvin / mm. For example, in the case of a metal workpiece with a thickness range of 110 mm, the maximum difference between the highest and lowest temperatures along the thickness range of the metal workpiece is 110 Kelvin.

[0132] Furthermore, surprisingly, while the electrical efficiency between the spool and the metal workpiece can increase as the edge distance decreases, the heating uniformity along the width of the metal workpiece decreases again as the edge distance decreases.

[0133] A series of experiments showed that, in certain defined regions, the first edge distance and / or the second edge distance are particularly advantageous. The results from this series of experiments are shown in Table 2.

[0134]

[0135] Table 2: First edge distance or second edge distance, electrical efficiency, and heating efficiency along the width of the metal workpiece. Uniformity (in each case, the rating is between 0 and 10, where 0 represents the minimum possible characteristic of the corresponding property, and 10 represents the corresponding...) The most likely characteristic of a property.

[0136] In the experimental series summarizing the results in Table 2, heating uniformity along the width of the metal workpiece was directly determined by using a thermal imaging camera to record thermal images of the surface, particularly the first and / or second sides of the metal workpiece. Electrical efficiency was determined in a manner similar to the experimental series showing the results in Table 1. Attached Figure Description

[0137] Further advantages, details, and features of the present invention can be obtained from the embodiments described below. Specifically: Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a side view of a production line according to the first embodiment is provided; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing a side view of a production line according to the second embodiment is provided; and Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an induction heating device that can be used in a production line according to the first and second embodiments is shown.

[0138] In the following description, the same reference numerals denote the same components or features, such that a description of a component relative to one figure also applies to other figures, thereby avoiding repetitive description. Furthermore, features described in connection with one embodiment can also be used individually in other embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0139] Figure 1 A side view shows the process for conveying along the conveying direction R1 according to the first embodiment. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a production line 1 for a metal workpiece 2 (not shown). Production line 1 has a first forming device 4 and a second forming device 5 connected to the first forming device 4 via a first transport device 60. Production line 1 also has two induction heating devices 3 for heating the metal workpiece 2 conveyed along the transport direction R1. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). An induction heating device 3 is arranged in front of the first forming device 4 relative to the conveying direction R1. This induction heating device 3 is arranged directly adjacent to the first forming device 4. Another induction heating device 3 is arranged between the first forming device 4 and the second forming device 5 relative to the conveying direction R1. This induction heating device 3 is arranged directly adjacent to the second forming device 5.

[0140] Production line 1 has a temperature regulating device 80 connected to the first forming device 4 via a second transport device 70. This temperature regulating device is configured as a heating device 81. The heating device 81 is arranged in front of the first forming device 4 relative to the transport direction R1.

[0141] Production line 1 has a temperature regulating device 80 connected to the second forming device 5. The temperature regulating device 80 is configured as a laminar flow cooling section 82. The laminar flow cooling section 82 is arranged behind the second forming device 5 relative to the conveying direction R1.

[0142] Production line 1 also includes a winding device 110 for winding the metal workpiece 2 conveyed through production line 1. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image).

[0143] Figure 2 A side view shows a metal workpiece 2 (conveyed along the conveying direction R1) according to the second embodiment for manufacturing and processing. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of production line 1 (not shown). Production line 1 has a production line for... Figure 2 The original forming device 6 for the metal workpiece 2 (not shown) is arranged in front of the first forming device 4 with respect to the conveying direction R1. The original forming device 6 is connected to the first forming device 4 via a second transport device 70.

[0144] Production line 1 has a temperature regulating device 80 and an induction heating device 3 directly arranged near the temperature regulating device 80. The temperature regulating device 80 is configured as a heating device 81. The induction heating device 3 is arranged in front of the heating device 81 relative to the conveying direction R1. The heating device 81 and the induction heating device 3 form a first temperature regulating group 83. The first temperature regulating group 83 is arranged between the original forming device 6 and the first forming device 4 relative to the conveying direction R1. The first temperature regulating group 83 is arranged directly adjacent to the original forming device 6 and the first forming device 4.

[0145] Production line 1 has another temperature regulating device 80 and another induction heating device 3 arranged directly adjacent to the temperature regulating device 80. The temperature regulating device 80 is configured as a heating device 81. The induction heating device 3 is arranged behind the heating device 81 relative to the conveying direction R1. The heating device 81 and the induction heating device 3 form a second temperature regulating group 84. The second temperature regulating group 84 is arranged between the first forming device 4 and the second forming device 5 relative to the conveying direction R1. The second temperature regulating group 84 is arranged directly adjacent to the first forming device 4 and the second forming device 5.

[0146] Optionally, the heating device 81 may be replaced or supplemented by a cooling device (not shown).

[0147] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an induction heating device 3, which can be used in a production line 1 according to the first and second embodiments, is shown. The induction heating device 3 is shown schematically in a side view. The induction heating device 3 has a first spool 10, which is supported in a first direction R2 in such a way that a first normal distance N1 between the first spool 10 and the workpiece 2 located in the induction heating device 3 is variable. The induction heating device 3 has a second spool 20, which is supported in a first direction R2 in such a way that a second normal distance N2 between the second spool 20 and the workpiece 2 located in the induction heating device 3 is variable.

[0148] A first spool 10 is electrically connected to a first capacitor bank 11, and a second spool 20 is electrically connected to a second capacitor bank 21. The first capacitor bank 11 and the second capacitor bank 21 have a common capacitor cabinet 90, thus forming a structural unit. The first capacitor bank 11 and the second capacitor bank 21 are positionally adjustable in a second direction R3. The first capacitor bank 11 and the second capacitor bank 21 have a common capacitor adjustment device 40.

[0149] The first spool 10 and the second spool 20 are respectively supported in an adjustable position in a first direction R2 and a second direction R3. The first spool 10 can be adjusted in position relative to the first capacitor device 11 and the second capacitor device 21 in the first direction R2 and the second direction R3. The second spool 20 can be adjusted in position relative to the first capacitor device 11 and the second capacitor device 21 in the first direction R2 and the second direction R3.

[0150] The first spool 10 is electrically connected to the first capacitor device 11 via an energy transmission device 100 configured as a cable 101, and the second spool 20 is electrically connected to the second capacitor device 21 via another energy transmission device 100 configured as a cable 101. The energy transmission device 100 allows for variations in the distances between the first spool 10 and the first and second capacitor devices 11 and 21, and between the second spool 20 and the first and second capacitor devices 11 and 21, in a first direction R2 and a second direction R3.

[0151] The induction heating device 1 includes an adjustment device 30, which has two cylinder devices 31 and 32. The first cylinder device 31 is configured to adjust the orientation of the first spool 10 in a first direction R2, and the second cylinder device 32 is configured to adjust the orientation of the second spool 20 in the first direction R2. By adjusting the orientation of the first spool 10 using the first cylinder unit 31, a first normal distance N1 between the first spool 10 and the metal workpiece 2 is adjusted in the first direction R2. By adjusting the orientation of the second spool 20 using the second cylinder unit 32, a second normal distance N2 between the second spool 20 and the metal workpiece 2 is adjusted in the first direction R2. The air gap d established between the first and second spools is the sum of the first normal distance N1, the thickness range t of the metal workpiece 2, and the second normal distance N2.

[0152] The adjustment device 30 also has two moving units 33 and 34, wherein the first moving unit 33 is configured to adjust the orientation of the first spool 10 in the second direction R3, and the second moving unit 34 is configured to adjust the orientation of the second spool 20 in the second direction R3.

[0153] The induction heating device 3 has an energy supply device 50 electrically connected to the first spool 10 and the second spool 20, wherein the energy supply device 50 is configured to provide alternating current and / or alternating voltage to the first spool 10 and the second spool 20, such that the penetration depth δ of the current induced by the first spool 10 and / or the second spool 2 into the current-carrying layer of the conveyed metal workpiece 2 is less than or equal to 0.7 times the thickness range t of the conveyed metal workpiece 2.

[0154] List of reference numerals

[0155] 1 Production Line

[0156] 2 Metal workpieces

[0157] 3. Induction heating device

[0158] 4 First forming device

[0159] 5 Second forming device

[0160] 6. Original forming device

[0161] 10 First spool

[0162] 11 First Capacitor Equipment

[0163] 20 Second spool

[0164] 21 Second Capacitor Equipment

[0165] 30 Adjustment equipment

[0166] 31 First Cylinder Equipment

[0167] 32 Second Cylinder Equipment

[0168] 33 First Moving Unit

[0169] 34 Second moving unit

[0170] 40 Capacitor Adjustment Equipment

[0171] 50 Energy supply equipment

[0172] 60 First Transport Equipment

[0173] 70 Second Transport Equipment

[0174] 80 Temperature control device

[0175] 81 Heating device

[0176] 82 Laminar Flow Cooling Section

[0177] 83 First Temperature Control Group

[0178] 84 Second Temperature Control Group

[0179] 90 Capacitor Cabinet

[0180] 100 Energy Transmission Equipment

[0181] 101 cable

[0182] 110 Winding device

[0183] t Thickness range of metal workpieces

[0184] d. Air gap (between the first and second spools)

[0185] R1 Conveying direction

[0186] R2 First Direction

[0187] R3 Second Direction

[0188] N1 First normal distance

[0189] N2 Second normal distance.

Claims

1. A production line (1) for manufacturing and / or processing metal workpieces (2) conveyed along a conveying direction (R1), wherein, The production line (1) has the following characteristics: - The production line (1) has at least a first forming device (4) and a second forming device (5) connected to the first forming device (4) via a first transport device (60); - The production line (1) has at least one induction heating device (3) for heating the metal workpiece (2) conveyed along the conveying direction (R1). - Wherein, the induction heating device (3) includes a first spool (10) which is positionally adjustable in a first direction (R2) such that the first normal distance between the first spool (10) and the workpiece (2) located in the induction heating device (3) is variable; - Wherein, the induction heating device (3) includes a second spool (20) which is positionally adjustable in the first direction (R2) such that the second normal distance between the second spool (20) and the workpiece (2) located in the induction heating device (3) is variable; - Wherein, the first spool (10) and / or the second spool (20) are electrically connected to the first capacitor device (11). - Wherein, the induction heating device (3) includes at least one energy supply device (50) electrically connected to the first spool (10) and / or the second spool (20); and - Wherein, the energy supply device (50) is configured to provide alternating current and / or alternating voltage to the first spool (10) and the second spool (20), such that the penetration depth δ of the current induced by the first spool (10) and / or the second spool (20) into the current-carrying layer of the conveyed metal workpiece (2) is less than or equal to 0.7 times the thickness range (t) of the conveyed metal workpiece (2).

2. The production line (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one induction heating device (3) is arranged in front of the first forming device (4) relative to the conveying direction (R1).

3. The production line (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one induction heating device (3) is disposed between the first forming device (4) and the second forming device (5) relative to the conveying direction (R1).

4. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The at least one induction heating device (3) is arranged directly adjacent to the first forming device (4) or the second forming device (5) relative to the conveying direction (R1).

5. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The induction heating device (3) has an induction heating distance of less than or equal to 10,000 mm in the conveying direction (R1).

6. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following features: - The production line (1) has at least one temperature control device (80); - The induction heating device (3) is arranged directly adjacent to the temperature regulating device (80) relative to the conveying direction (R1); or - The induction heating device (3) is spaced apart from the temperature regulating device (80) relative to the conveying direction (R1).

7. The production line (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The at least one temperature regulating device (80) is arranged relative to the conveying direction (R1) in front of the first forming device (4) and / or behind the second forming device (5) and / or between the first forming device (4) and the second forming device (5).

8. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The production line (1) has at least one primary forming device (6) for manufacturing metal workpieces (2), wherein the primary forming device (6) is arranged in front of the first forming device (4) relative to the conveying direction (R1).

9. The production line (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The original forming device (6) is connected to the first forming device (4) via a second transport device (70).

10. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The second spool (20) is electrically connected to the second capacitor device (21).

11. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first spool (10) and / or the second spool (20) are positionally adjustable in the second direction (R3).

12. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first capacitor device (11) is supported in an adjustable position in the second direction (R3).

13. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first spool (10) and / or the second spool (20) are positionally adjustable relative to the first capacitor device (11) in the first direction (R2).

14. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first spool (10) and / or the second spool (20) are positionally adjustable relative to the first capacitor device (11) in the second direction (R3).

15. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first spool (10) and the second spool (20) are configured to heat the metal workpiece (2) conveyed along the conveying direction (R1) by transverse field induction and / or longitudinal field induction.

16. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The induction heating device (3) has at least one third spool, wherein the third spool is configured to induction heat the metal workpiece (2) conveyed along the conveying direction (R1) by transverse field induction.

17. The production line (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first spool surface of the first spool (10) is configured such that the electric current can be less than or equal to 500 W / cm. 2 The power density is transmitted through the surface of the first spool.

Images