A method for preparing a high-viability nano-encapsulated coating seed

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of seed processing and relates to a method for preparing highly vigorous nano-loaded coated seeds. The method includes: S1: dissolving a plant growth regulator in a solvent to prepare an active ingredient solution; S2: weighing nano-sized powder, adding the nano-sized powder to the active ingredient solution, and stirring evenly to obtain an active ingredient-nano-powder mixture; S3: placing the active ingredient-nano-powder mixture in a fume hood to air-dry the surface liquid; then drying with forced air; grinding the dried lumps into powder to obtain nano-powder adsorbing the active ingredient; S4: mixing the nano-powder with a nucleating powder, passing the mixture through a mesh sieve to obtain a mixed nucleating powder; S5: using a coating machine to coat the mixed nucleating powder onto the seed surface for granulation, followed by pelleting, coloring, and drying to obtain highly vigorous nano-loaded coated seeds. This method ensures that the active ingredient is evenly dispersed and coated around the seed, allowing it to act on the seed continuously and slowly, thereby improving seed vigor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seed processing technology, specifically relating to a method for preparing highly vigorous nano-loaded coated seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Seed coating treatment can effectively improve seed vigor, accelerate seed germination, increase seed germination uniformity, and enhance seed adaptability to adverse environmental conditions. In recent years, with the development of nanotechnology and its application in agriculture, especially in seed treatment, it has become one of the most promising tools for promoting sustainable agricultural development.

[0003] Improving seed vigor through effective nano-coating technology is a hot research area in modern tobacco seed processing technology. Plant growth regulators are important substances for regulating seed vigor. Some reports describe directly coating seeds with plant growth regulators, typically by grinding the substances and mixing them with other solid powders. This often leads to uneven distribution of active substances after coating, inhibited germination in some seeds, or easy deactivation of the active substances, making practical application difficult or limiting their effectiveness. There are also reports on coating seeds with slow-release fertilizers, mainly by incorporating macro- or micronutrients into the coating material to provide more nutrition during seed germination and growth. This is generally used in seedling environments with insufficient nutrients. Its effect is less pronounced when nutrients are sufficient during seedling cultivation, especially under complex and variable climates or abiotic stresses, such as low-temperature seedling cultivation due to snowfall or temperature drops during the seedling stage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for preparing highly viable nano-loaded coated seeds. This method allows active ingredients to be rapidly, naturally, and uniformly dispersed and coated around the seeds without grinding, providing continuous action on the seeds to improve seed vigor, and also offers the advantage of low cost. This method employs a liquid loading approach, ensuring uniform dispersion of the active substances within the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles adsorb the active substances, allowing for slow release of the active ingredients, thus controlling the concentration and enabling long-term direct action on the seeds, improving seed vigor, promoting seed germination and seedling growth, and enhancing seedling quality.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for preparing highly active nano-supported coated seeds, the method comprising the following steps: S1: Dissolve the plant growth regulator in a solvent to prepare an active ingredient solution; S2: Weigh out the nano-sized powder, add the nano-sized powder to the active ingredient solution prepared in step S1, stir evenly to obtain an active ingredient-nano-powder mixture; S3: Place the active ingredient-nanopowder mixture obtained in step S2 into a fume hood and air dry the surface liquid; place it in an oven and dry it with forced air; grind the dried block into powder to obtain nanopowder that adsorbs the active ingredient; S4: Mix the nanopowder obtained in step S3 with the nucleating powder, and pass the mixture through a mesh sieve to obtain a mixed nucleating powder; S5: The mixed nucleating powder obtained in step S4 is coated onto the seed surface using a coating machine for granulation, followed by pelleting, coloring, and drying to obtain highly active nano-loaded coated seeds.

[0006] Furthermore, the selected plant growth regulator is one or a combination of two of gibberellin GA3 and ascorbic acid Vc, and the selected solvent is any one of anhydrous ethanol, acetone, and 95% aqueous ethanol solution.

[0007] Furthermore, when the method is used to coat tobacco seeds, and the selected plant growth regulator includes gibberellin GA3, the concentration range of gibberellin GA3 in the active ingredient solution is 20~600 mg / L; When the method is used to coat tobacco seeds, and the selected plant growth regulator includes ascorbic acid (Vc), the concentration of ascorbic acid (Vc) in the active ingredient solution ranges from 50 to 200 mg / L.

[0008] Further, in step S2, the nanopowder is one or more of nano-silica, carbon nanoparticles, enoite, and montmorillonite; The nano-silica is spherical with a particle size of 10-20 nm; the carbon nanoparticles are tubular with a purity of ≥90%, a tube diameter of 2-5 nm, and a tube length of 10-20 nm; the enoite is tubular with a purity of ≥98%; and the montmorillonite has a layered structure with a purity of ≥85%.

[0009] Further, in step S2, the mass-to-volume ratio of the nano-sized powder to the active ingredient solution is 8 g : (50-60) mL; the stirring time is 0.5 h to 0.75 h.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, the air-drying time in the ventilation hood is 2 h to 3 h; the drying time in the oven is 6 h to 7 h, and the drying temperature is 30 to 40℃.

[0011] Further, in step S4, the mass percentage of the nanopowder is 0.1wt% to 2wt% based on the total mass of the nucleating powder.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S4, the mesh size of the screen used is 0.9 mm.

[0013] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: This invention proposes a method for preparing highly viable nano-loaded coated seeds. Dissolved plant growth regulators are adsorbed onto porous enosite, lamellar montmorillonite, spherical nano-silica, carbon nanoparticles, or a combination of one to three of these materials, thus coating the seed's nucleation layer. This method avoids direct contact between the plant growth regulator and air or other substances, slowing down or even preventing the denaturation and deterioration of plant growth regulators (such as gibberellin and ascorbic acid vitamin C), prolonging their effect, and ensuring uniform dispersion, avoiding the risk of inhibition caused by excessively high local concentrations. Commercially available enosite and montmorillonite are nanoscale in three-dimensional or one-dimensional dimensions, requiring only 0.1% to 2% of the nucleation layer. This method is low-cost, highly effective, and has significant potential for widespread application.

[0014] The method provided by this invention, by loading plant growth regulators onto nanomaterials and then coating them, overcomes the problem of short-term action of plant growth regulators and utilizes the slow-release properties of nanomaterials to ensure that plant growth regulators continuously produce beneficial effects on seed emergence. Even under common abiotic stresses such as low temperature, the effect is very significant (under low temperature stress, the emergence rate reaches more than 89% after 25 days). At the same time, it avoids the problems of plant growth regulator inactivation or excessively high local concentrations, and may become an effective means to improve tobacco seed vigor. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for preparing a highly active nano-supported coated seed according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a seedling emergence diagram of the control group (without nanocoating treatment) at 25 days.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the emergence of the highly vigorous nano-loaded seeds of this invention at 25 days. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0019] This invention provides a method for preparing highly vigorous nano-loaded coated seeds. Plant growth regulators are dispersed uniformly in a liquid to the greatest extent possible, and then loaded onto a nano-based inert material. This achieves uniform dispersion of the plant growth regulators in the solid component, solving the problems of poor dispersion, inconsistent concentration, and inconsistent effects. Then, the nano-powder loaded with active substances is uniformly coated onto the seed's nucleation layer at an extremely low concentration. This method controls costs, prevents the plant growth regulators from being exposed to air and deteriorating, and allows them to continuously act on the seed itself, thereby effectively improving seed vigor and enhancing seedling emergence performance under various abiotic stresses.

[0020] MSK326 tobacco seeds produced by the improved propagation of Yuxi Tobacco Seeds were used for coating and pelleting. All the following examples were conducted using this batch of naked seeds.

[0021] Example 1 The present invention discloses a method for preparing a highly active nano-loaded coated seed, specifically as follows: Gibberellin is weighed and dissolved in anhydrous ethanol to prepare a 20 mg / L ethanol solution. 50 ml of this solution is placed in a 200 ml beaker for later use. 8 g of enoite powder is weighed and added to the prepared gibberellin ethanol solution. The mixture is stirred, and the beaker is transferred to a fume hood. The fume hood is turned on for 3 hours until the liquid has mostly evaporated. The sample is then transferred to a 30°C oven and dried by forced air for 6 hours until the dried solid is in block form. The solid is removed and ground into a mortar until no large particles are visible. 8 g of the gibberellin-loaded enoite powder is weighed and mixed with 800 g of nucleating powder (commercially available conventional nucleating powder is used in this invention). The mixture is passed through a 0.9 mm mesh sieve to remove large particles. The powder is then used for tobacco seed granulation. For pelleting, double the amount of inert powder without nanomaterials is used. The mixture is then screened and dried to form a highly active nano-loaded coated seed.

[0022] Example 2 Example 1 was repeated, with the following difference: the gibberellin was dissolved in anhydrous ethanol to prepare an ethanol solution of 50 mg / L.

[0023] Example 3 Example 1 was repeated, with the following difference: the gibberellin was dissolved in anhydrous ethanol to prepare an ethanol solution of 100 mg / L.

[0024] Example 4 Example 1 was repeated, with the following difference: the gibberellin was dissolved in anhydrous ethanol to prepare an ethanol solution of 200 mg / L.

[0025] Example 5 Example 1 was repeated, with the following difference: the gibberellin was dissolved in anhydrous ethanol to prepare an ethanol solution of 300 mg / L.

[0026] Example 6 Example 1 was repeated, with the following difference: the gibberellin was dissolved in anhydrous ethanol to prepare an ethanol solution of 600 mg / L.

[0027] Example 7 Dissolve gibberellin in acetone to prepare a 20 mg / L acetone solution. Measure 50 ml of this solution into a 200 ml beaker and set aside. Weigh 8 g of montmorillonite powder and add it to the prepared gibberellin solution. Stir, transfer the beaker to a fume hood, and turn on the ventilator for 3-4 hours until the liquid has mostly evaporated. Then transfer the sample to a 30°C oven and dry it with forced air for 6 hours. Gently stir with a spatula until well mixed; the powder will automatically disperse into fine particles. Weigh 8 g of the gibberellin-loaded montmorillonite powder and mix it with 800 g of nucleating powder. Pass the mixture through a 0.9 mm mesh sieve to remove large particles. The powder after sieving is used for granulation, pelleting, screening, and drying of tobacco seeds to form highly active nano-loaded coated seeds.

[0028] Example 8 Example 7 was repeated, with the following difference: the gibberellin was dissolved in acetone to prepare a 50 mg / L acetone solution.

[0029] Example 9 Example 7 was repeated, with the following difference: the gibberellin was dissolved in acetone to prepare a 100 mg / L acetone solution.

[0030] Example 10 Example 7 was repeated, with the following difference: the gibberellin was dissolved in acetone to prepare a 200 mg / L acetone solution.

[0031] Example 11 Example 7 was repeated, with the following difference: the gibberellin was dissolved in acetone to prepare a 300 mg / L acetone solution.

[0032] Example 12 Example 7 was repeated, with the following difference: the gibberellin was dissolved in acetone to prepare a 600 mg / L acetone solution.

[0033] Example 14 Example 1 was repeated, with the following difference: 8 g of carrier enochite powder was replaced with 20 nm nano-silica.

[0034] Example 15 Example 1 was repeated, with the following differences: 8 g of enochite powder was replaced with carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 2-5 nm and a length of 20 nm.

[0035] Example 16 Repeat Example 1, with the following differences: after weighing out ascorbic acid, dissolve it in 95% ethanol to prepare an ethanol aqueous solution of 50 mg / L ascorbic acid.

[0036] Example 17 Repeat Example 1, with the following differences: after weighing out ascorbic acid, dissolve it in 95% ethanol to prepare an ethanol aqueous solution of 100 mg / L ascorbic acid.

[0037] Example 18 Repeat Example 1, with the following differences: after weighing out ascorbic acid, dissolve it in 95% ethanol to prepare an ethanol aqueous solution of 200 mg / L ascorbic acid.

[0038] Example 19 Repeat Example 1, with the following differences: weigh out gibberellin and ascorbic acid, dissolve them in 95% ethanol, and prepare an ethanol mixture solution of 20 mg / L gibberellin and 50 mg / L ascorbic acid.

[0039] Example 20 Example 16 was repeated, with the following differences: gibberellin and ascorbic acid were weighed and dissolved in 95% ethanol to prepare an ethanol mixture solution of 20 mg / L gibberellin and 100 mg / L ascorbic acid.

[0040] Example 21 Example 16 was repeated, with the following differences: gibberellin and ascorbic acid were weighed and dissolved in 95% ethanol to prepare an ethanol mixture solution of 20 mg / L gibberellin and 200 mg / L ascorbic acid.

[0041] Example 22 Example 1 was repeated, with the following differences: a total of 8 g of a mixture of enochite powder and nano silica was weighed, with a mass ratio of 7:1.

[0042] Example 23 Example 1 was repeated, with the following differences: a total of 8 g of a mixture of montmorillonite powder and nano silica was weighed, with a mass ratio of 7:1.

[0043] Example 24 Example 1 was repeated, with the following differences: a mixture of halloysite powder, nano-silica, and carbon nano-angles was weighed in total, totaling 8 g, with a mass ratio of 7:0.9:0.1.

[0044] Example 25 Example 1 was repeated, with the following differences: a mixture of montmorillonite powder, nano-silica, and carbon nanoparticles was weighed in total, totaling 8 g, with a mass ratio of 7:0.9:0.1.

[0045] control group The difference between the control group and Example 1 is that the control group directly used MSK326 tobacco seeds for coating and pelleting, and no nanoparticles loaded with gibberellin were added to the nucleation layer.

[0046] Floating seedling experiment Tobacco-coated seeds from the above-described examples and control group were used for floating seedling cultivation experiments. A 595-well floating tray was used, with single seeds sown per well. Each batch was replicated four times, with 109 wells per replicate. Floating seedling cultivation was conducted in a temperature-controlled artificial climate chamber with four temperature ranges: 8℃ from 0:00 to 6:00, 20℃ from 06:00 to 12:00, 25℃ from 12:00 to 18:00, and 12℃ from 18:00 to 24:00. After germination, the number of germinations was counted, the germination percentage was calculated, and the average of the four replicates was taken.

[0047] The statistical results are shown in Table 1: Table 1. Statistics on seedling emergence of tobacco coated seeds under different treatments. The floating seedling experiment used a variable temperature environment to simulate the low-temperature chilling injury that may be encountered in actual tobacco seedling cultivation across the country. The germination results effectively represent seed vigor. Table 1 shows that, compared with the control group (without added nanopowder loaded with active substances), all coated seeds, whether loaded with gibberellin (enoclase, montmorillonite, silica, or carbon nanoparticles), began to germinate after 12 days, while the control germination rate was 0%. This indicates that the germination rate of treated seeds was significantly faster, and this effect was not statistically significant with increasing concentration, but the effect was present in all cases. In the early germination stage (14 days), the germination rate of treated coated seeds was 3.37%–55.35% higher than the control, with the montmorillonite + 600 mg / L gibberellin treatment showing the best effect. In the late germination stage (25 days), the germination results of all treated coated seeds were basically stable, with germination rates increasing by 3.9%–11.23% compared to the control. Furthermore, the seedling size in the treated groups was significantly larger than that in the control group (e.g., ...). Figures 2-3 Halloysite coatings loaded with 50 mg / L–200 mg / L of vitamin C showed, compared to the control, an increase in seedling emergence rate of 5.67%–7.33% at 12 days, 29.01%–35.56% at 14 days, and 3.78%–6.95% at 25 days. This indicates that nano-loaded seed coatings can effectively improve seed vigor, especially seedling emergence at low temperatures, effectively addressing the problem of chilling injury in tobacco-growing areas. Additionally, GA3 and vitamin C... C The seedlings coated with nanomaterials showed higher germination rates and larger seedling sizes from the initial 12 days to the later 25 days, indicating that the plant growth regulators continued to play a role.

[0048] Comparing single and two plant growth regulators, it can be seen that the GA3+Vc combination treatment can further improve the early seed emergence rate. Compared with 20 mg / L GA3 alone, the emergence rate increased by 2.11%~3.72% at 12 days and by 10.13%~16.38% at 14 days; compared with 50 mg / L~200 mg / L Vc, the emergence rate increased by 1.87%~5.09% at 12 days and by 5.09%~19.81% at 14 days.

[0049] In addition, the combined loading of nano-SiO2, carbon nano-angles, and halloysite and montmorillonite with these materials further enhanced the promoting effect of coated seeds in the early stage and improved seedling quality. Compared with halloysite and montmorillonite, nano-silica loaded with 20 mg / L GA3 increased the germination rate by 5.22%–7.74% at 12 days and by 4.55%–6.06% at 14 days. Carbon nanoparticles loaded with 20 mg / L GA3 increased the germination rate by 8.06%–10.58% at 12 days and by 9.65%–11.16% at 14 days compared with halloysite and montmorillonite. The combinations of halloysite + silica, montmorillonite + silica, halloysite + silica + carbon nanoparticles, and montmorillonite + silica + carbon nanoparticles all improved the germination rate at 12 days and 14 days compared with halloysite or montmorillonite alone, with halloysite + silica and halloysite + silica + carbon nanoparticles showing the best results.

[0050] In summary, this invention proposes a method for preparing highly viable nano-loaded coated seeds. The active substance is dissolved and mixed with nano-sized natural mineral powder. The active substance is adsorbed onto the nanoparticles and encapsulated in the seed nucleation layer, allowing direct contact between the active substance and the seed. During germination or emergence, the active substance is slowly released, promoting seed germination or emergence, increasing the germination and emergence rates, resulting in stronger, more uniform seedlings that can effectively withstand low-temperature stress. The improved seedling quality inevitably reduces the costs of thinning and replanting during seedling cultivation, leading to significant economic benefits.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing highly active nano-supported coated seeds, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: Dissolve the plant growth regulator in a solvent to prepare an active ingredient solution; S2: Weigh out the nano-sized powder, add the nano-sized powder to the active ingredient solution prepared in step S1, stir evenly to obtain an active ingredient-nano-powder mixture; S3: Place the active ingredient-nanopowder mixture obtained in step S2 into a fume hood and air dry the surface liquid; place it in an oven and dry it with forced air; grind the dried block into powder to obtain nanopowder that adsorbs the active ingredient; S4: Mix the nanopowder obtained in step S3 with the nucleating powder, and pass the mixture through a mesh sieve to obtain a mixed nucleating powder; S5: The mixed nucleating powder obtained in step S4 is coated onto the seed surface using a coating machine for granulation, followed by pelleting, coloring, and drying to obtain highly active nano-loaded coated seeds.

2. The method for preparing a highly active nano-supported coated seed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selected plant growth regulator is one or a combination of two of gibberellin GA3 and ascorbic acid Vc, and the selected solvent is any one of anhydrous ethanol, acetone, and 95% aqueous ethanol solution.

3. The method for preparing a highly active nano-supported coated seed according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the method is used to coat tobacco seeds, and the selected plant growth regulator includes gibberellin GA3, the concentration range of gibberellin GA3 in the active ingredient solution is 20~600 mg / L. When the method is used to coat tobacco seeds, and the selected plant growth regulator includes ascorbic acid (Vc), the concentration of ascorbic acid (Vc) in the active ingredient solution ranges from 50 to 200 mg / L.

4. The method for preparing a highly active nano-supported coated seed according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the nanopowder is one or more of nano-silica, carbon nanoparticles, enoite, and montmorillonite; The nano-silica is spherical with a particle size of 10-20 nm; the carbon nanoparticles are tubular with a purity of ≥90%, a tube diameter of 2-5 nm, and a tube length of 10-20 nm; the enoite is tubular with a purity of ≥98%; and the montmorillonite has a layered structure with a purity of ≥85%.

5. The method for preparing a highly active nano-supported coated seed according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the mass-to-volume ratio of the nano-sized powder to the active ingredient solution is 8 g : (50-60) mL; the stirring time is 0.5 h to 0.75 h.

6. The method for preparing a highly active nano-supported coated seed according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the air-drying time in the ventilation hood is 2 h to 3 h; the drying time in the oven is 6 h to 7 h, and the drying temperature is 30 to 40℃.

7. The method for preparing a highly active nano-supported coated seed according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the mass percentage of the nanopowder is 0.1wt% to 2wt% based on the total mass of the nucleating powder.

8. The method for preparing a highly active nano-supported coated seed according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the mesh size of the screen used is 0.9 mm.

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