Greenhouse night cooling and energy saving control system using landscape water body and rainwater cold storage

Abstract

This invention provides a greenhouse nighttime cooling and energy-saving control system utilizing landscape water features and rainwater for cooling. The system includes a landscape water feature cooling module, a rainwater collection and misting linkage module, and a central control system. Floor coils are installed beneath the greenhouse floor. The landscape lake serves as a natural cooling source, and a heat exchanger is connected to the lake. A circulating pump is connected to both the heat exchanger and the floor coils. The central control system is electrically connected to the circulating pump. A roof rainwater collection system is installed on the greenhouse roof. A filtration device is connected to the roof rainwater collection system. A high-pressure misting system is installed inside the greenhouse and connected to the filtration device. The central control system is electrically connected to the high-pressure misting system. One technical advantage of this invention is that it fully utilizes natural resources, reduces greenhouse operating energy consumption, precisely controls the greenhouse climate, simulates a real tropical rainforest environment, and is suitable for the long-term stable operation of large greenhouses, exhibiting significant energy-saving effects and practical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of greenhouse climate control and energy-saving technology, specifically involving a greenhouse nighttime cooling and energy-saving control system that utilizes landscape water bodies and rainwater for cooling. It is suitable for summer cooling, humidity regulation, and winter auxiliary preheating in large greenhouses (such as tropical rainforest pavilions in botanical gardens), achieving low-energy maintenance of the greenhouse climate. Background Technology

[0002] Large greenhouses (especially tropical rainforest greenhouses) have strict requirements for indoor temperature and humidity. Continuous cooling is necessary in summer to prevent excessive heat from affecting plant growth, while appropriate preheating is required in winter to maintain a suitable growing environment. Currently, existing greenhouses rely heavily on forced cooling from air conditioning units, resulting in high energy consumption and operating costs. Furthermore, air conditioning can easily lead to humidity imbalances, making it difficult to simulate the climate of a real tropical rainforest. At the same time, existing greenhouses do not fully utilize surrounding landscape resources and natural rainfall, leading to energy waste and low water resource utilization.

[0003] In addition, the energy supply of existing greenhouses mostly depends on the external power grid, and winter preheating requires additional electricity or heat, which further increases operating costs. Although some greenhouses use rainwater harvesting or water cooling technology, they have not achieved integrated linkage between landscape water bodies, rainwater resources and photovoltaic-thermal systems, and cannot form a self-sufficient low-energy climate maintenance unit. The energy-saving effect is limited, and it is difficult to accurately match the dynamic climate needs of the greenhouse.

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technologies, there is an urgent need for a control system that can make full use of natural resources, reduce energy consumption, and precisely regulate greenhouse climate, so as to solve the problems of high energy consumption for greenhouse cooling, low water resource utilization, and poor climate simulation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a new technical solution for a greenhouse nighttime cooling and energy-saving control system that utilizes landscape water bodies and rainwater for cooling.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a greenhouse nighttime cooling and energy-saving control system utilizing landscape water bodies and rainwater for cooling is provided, comprising a landscape water body cooling module, a rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module, and a central control system. The landscape water cooling module includes a landscape lake, a heat exchanger, a circulation pump, and floor coils located around the greenhouse. The floor coils are installed below the greenhouse floor. The landscape lake serves as a natural cold source, and the heat exchanger is connected to the lake to cool it using the low outdoor temperature during summer nights. The circulation pump is connected to both the heat exchanger and the floor coils to circulate the cooled lake water to the floor coils. The central control system is electrically connected to the circulation pump and controls its activation when the greenhouse temperature exceeds a set value. The rainwater harvesting and misting linkage module includes a roof rainwater harvesting system, a filtration device, a high-pressure misting system, a humidity sensor, and a leaf temperature sensor. The roof rainwater harvesting system is located on the greenhouse roof and is used to collect natural rainwater. The filtration device is connected to the roof rainwater harvesting system and is used to filter the collected rainwater. The high-pressure misting system is located inside the greenhouse and is connected to the filtration device, and is used to mist and spray the filtered rainwater. The humidity sensor and the leaf temperature sensor are both located inside the greenhouse and are electrically connected to the central control system. The central control system is electrically connected to the high-pressure misting system and is used to dynamically adjust the opening density of the misting nozzles and the size of the mist particles in the high-pressure misting system based on the signals detected by the humidity sensor and the leaf temperature sensor.

[0007] Furthermore, the system also includes a photovoltaic-thermal integrated auxiliary module; the photovoltaic-thermal integrated auxiliary module includes a light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal module, an energy storage unit, a heat exchange unit, and a water supply tank; the light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal module is arranged in the gaps of the greenhouse dome or on the buildings surrounding the greenhouse to absorb solar energy and convert it into electrical and thermal energy; the energy storage unit is electrically connected to the light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal module and is also electrically connected to the circulation pump, the central control system, and the high-pressure spray system; the heat exchange unit is connected to the light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal module and to the water supply tank to transfer heat energy to the water supply tank for preheating the water; the water supply tank is connected to the landscape water body cold storage module and the rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module to replenish water loss.

[0008] Furthermore, the landscape water body cold storage module also includes an air outlet heat exchanger; the air outlet heat exchanger is set at the upper part or upper side of the greenhouse, and is equipped with heat exchange coils and fans inside, for rapidly cooling the air inside the greenhouse; the circulation pump is also connected to the air outlet heat exchanger, for circulating and transporting the cooled low-temperature landscape lake water to the air outlet heat exchanger.

[0009] Furthermore, the landscape water body cooling module also includes a first temperature sensor installed in the landscape lake water to detect the landscape lake water temperature and feed it back to the central control system; during summer nights when the landscape lake water temperature is higher than a first set threshold and the outdoor air temperature is lower than the landscape lake water temperature by a set temperature difference, the central control system controls the circulation pump to start to cool the landscape lake water; when the landscape lake water temperature drops below a second set threshold, the central control system controls the circulation pump to reduce its operating frequency or stop operating.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger, which is installed on the shore of the landscape lake or in a ventilated location outside the greenhouse, with its inlet and outlet both connected to the landscape lake water.

[0011] Furthermore, the filtration device includes a pre-filter, an activated carbon filter, and a precision filter connected in sequence, for multi-stage filtration of the collected rainwater.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-pressure spray system includes a high-pressure water pump, a water supply pipeline, and several atomizing nozzles; the input end of the high-pressure water pump is connected to the filter device, the output end of the high-pressure water pump is connected to the water supply pipeline, the water supply pipeline is laid inside the greenhouse, and several atomizing nozzles are evenly arranged on the water supply pipeline; the central control system adjusts the size and opening density of atomized particles by controlling the rotation speed of the high-pressure water pump and the opening and closing of the atomizing nozzles.

[0013] Furthermore, the light-transmitting photovoltaic / photothermal module adopts a photovoltaic module with a light transmittance of ≥80%.

[0014] Furthermore, the water replenishment tank is equipped with a liquid level sensor, which is electrically connected to the central control system. When the liquid level sensor detects that the water level in the water replenishment tank is lower than the set lower limit, the central control system controls the filtered rainwater or external replenishment water to enter the water replenishment tank. When the water level reaches the set upper limit, water replenishment stops.

[0015] Furthermore, during winter operation, the heat exchange unit transfers solar heat to the water replenishment tank, preheats the water in the tank, and then replenishes it into the landscape water body cold storage module or the rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module.

[0016] One technical advantage of this invention is that: In this embodiment, firstly, the existing landscape lake surrounding the greenhouse is used as a natural cold source storage device, eliminating the need for additional cold storage facilities and reducing system construction costs; secondly, the low outdoor nighttime temperature in summer is utilized to naturally cool and store the landscape lake water through a heat exchanger, while during the day, floor coils provide stable and uniform basic cooling of the greenhouse through ground radiation heat exchange, avoiding the problems of excessive local temperature differences and indoor air disturbance caused by traditional air conditioning, achieving compressor-free cooling and significantly reducing greenhouse cooling energy consumption and operating costs; thirdly, a roof rainwater collection system is used to collect and reuse rainwater resources, reducing the impact on the greenhouse's natural environment. The reliance on external water sources such as incoming water improves water resource utilization. Fourth, filtered rainwater is atomized and sprayed into the greenhouse through a high-pressure spray system. The water mist evaporates and absorbs heat, which helps to cool the greenhouse and increases indoor air humidity, achieving the dual effect of cooling and humidification. Fifth, through the linkage of humidity sensors and leaf surface temperature sensors, the central control system can dynamically adjust the opening density of the atomizing nozzles and the size of the atomized particles according to the actual temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse and the plant leaf surface temperature. This accurately matches the dynamic cooling and humidification needs of the greenhouse, avoiding excessive humidity or dryness, which is conducive to simulating the high temperature and high humidity climate environment of a real tropical rainforest and ensuring the healthy growth of plants. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a greenhouse nighttime cooling and energy-saving control system that utilizes landscape water bodies and rainwater for cooling, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the central control system and its modules according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 11. Landscape lake; 12. Heat exchanger; 13. Circulation pump; 14. Floor coil; 15. Air outlet heat exchanger; 16. First temperature sensor; 21. Roof rainwater collection system; 22. Filtration device; 221. Primary filter; 222. Activated carbon filter; 223. Precision filter; 23. High-pressure spray system; 231. High-pressure water pump; 232. Water supply pipeline; 233. Atomizing nozzle; 24. Humidity sensor; 25. Leaf surface temperature sensor; 31. Translucent photovoltaic / photothermal module; 32. Energy storage unit; 33. Heat exchange unit; 34. Water supply tank; 35. Liquid level sensor; 4. Central control system; 41. PLC controller; 42. Touch screen; 5. Greenhouse. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0020] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] According to a first aspect of the invention, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides a greenhouse nighttime cooling and energy-saving control system that utilizes landscape water bodies and rainwater for cooling. It enables compressor-free cooling and precise humidity regulation in greenhouses during the summer. Combined with photovoltaic-thermal integrated assistance, it reduces greenhouse operating energy consumption, improves water and energy utilization, simulates a real tropical rainforest climate environment, and ensures plant growth.

[0025] Specifically, the greenhouse nighttime cooling and energy-saving control system utilizing landscape water bodies and rainwater for cooling includes a landscape water body cooling module, a rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module, and a central control system 4. The central control system 4 is used to receive detection signals from various sensors, control the start-up, stop, and operation parameter adjustment of each module, and realize the coordinated operation of the entire system.

[0026] The landscape water cooling module includes a landscape lake 11 located around the greenhouse 5, a heat exchanger 12, a circulation pump 13, and floor coils 14. The floor coils 14 are installed below the ground of the greenhouse 5. For example, the floor coils 14 are laid below the plant planting area and main passageway of the greenhouse 5. The landscape lake 11 serves as a natural cold source. The heat exchanger 12 is connected to the landscape lake 11 and is used to cool the landscape lake 11 using the low outdoor temperature environment during summer nights. The circulation pump 13 is connected to both the heat exchanger 12 and the floor coils 14 and is used to circulate the cooled landscape lake 11 to the floor coils 14. The central control system 4 is electrically connected to the circulation pump 13 and is used to control the circulation pump 13 to start when the internal temperature of the greenhouse 5 exceeds a set value. The rainwater collection and misting linkage module includes a roof rainwater collection system 21, a filter device 22, a high-pressure misting system 23, a humidity sensor 24, and a leaf temperature sensor 25. The roof rainwater collection system 21 is installed on the roof of the greenhouse 5 to collect natural rainwater. The filter device 22 is connected to the roof rainwater collection system 21 and is used to filter the collected rainwater. The high-pressure misting system 23 is installed inside the greenhouse 5 and is connected to the filter device 22 to atomize and spray the filtered rainwater. The humidity sensor 24 and the leaf temperature sensor 25 are both installed inside the greenhouse 5 and electrically connected to the central control system 4. The humidity sensor 24 detects the air humidity inside the greenhouse 5, and the leaf temperature sensor 25 detects the temperature of the plant leaves. The central control system 4 is electrically connected to the high-pressure misting system 23 and is used to dynamically adjust the opening density and atomized particle size of the atomizing nozzles 233 in the high-pressure misting system 23 according to the signals detected by the humidity sensor 24 and the leaf temperature sensor 25.

[0027] In this embodiment, firstly, the existing landscape lake 11 surrounding the greenhouse 5 is used as a natural cold source storage device, eliminating the need for additional cold storage facilities and reducing system construction costs; secondly, the landscape lake 11 is naturally cooled and stored using the outdoor low-temperature environment at night in summer through the heat exchanger 12, and the greenhouse 5 is stably and uniformly cooled during the day through the floor coils 14 via ground radiation heat exchange, avoiding the problems of excessive local temperature differences and indoor air disturbance caused by traditional air conditioning, achieving compressor-free cooling and significantly reducing greenhouse cooling energy consumption and operating costs; thirdly, rainwater resources are collected and reused through the roof rainwater collection system 21, reducing the impact on tap water supply. The reliance on external water sources such as water improves water resource utilization. Fourth, the filtered rainwater is atomized and sprayed into the greenhouse 5 through the high-pressure spray system 23. The water mist evaporates and absorbs heat, which can help the greenhouse 5 cool down, while increasing the indoor air humidity, achieving the dual effect of cooling and humidification. Fifth, through the linkage of humidity sensor 24 and leaf surface temperature sensor 25, the central control system 4 can dynamically adjust the opening density and atomization particle size of the atomizing nozzle 233 according to the actual temperature and humidity inside the greenhouse 5 and the plant leaf surface temperature, accurately matching the dynamic cooling and humidification needs of the greenhouse 5, avoiding excessive humidity or dryness inside, which is conducive to simulating the high temperature and high humidity climate environment of a real tropical rainforest and ensuring the healthy growth of plants.

[0028] Furthermore, the system also includes a photovoltaic-thermal integrated auxiliary module; the photovoltaic-thermal integrated auxiliary module includes a light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal component 31, an energy storage unit 32, a heat exchange unit 33, and a water supply tank 34; the light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal component 31 is arranged in the gap of the greenhouse 5 dome or on the surrounding buildings of the greenhouse 5, and is used to absorb solar energy and convert it into electrical energy and heat energy; the energy storage unit 32 is electrically connected to the light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal component 31, and is also electrically connected to the circulation pump 13, the central control system 4, and the high-pressure spray system 23 respectively; the heat exchange unit 33 is connected to the light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal component 31 and to the water supply tank 34, and is used to transfer heat energy to the water supply tank 34 to preheat the water; the water supply tank 34 is connected to the landscape water body cold storage module and the rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module respectively, and is used to replenish water loss. The photovoltaic / thermal module 31 converts solar energy into electrical and thermal energy. The electrical energy enters the energy storage unit 32 and powers the circulation pump 13, high-pressure water pump 231, air outlet heat exchanger 15, and central control system 4. The thermal energy is transferred to the water supply tank 34 via the heat exchange unit 33. The water supply tank 34 is used to replenish water to the landscape lake 11 and the high-pressure spray system 23.

[0029] In the above implementation, by adding a photovoltaic-thermal integrated auxiliary module, the tiered utilization of solar energy is achieved: the converted electrical energy is directly stored in the electrical energy storage unit 32, providing driving power for the circulating pump 13, the central control system 4, and the high-pressure spray system 23, reducing the system's dependence on the external power grid; the converted thermal energy preheats the water in the water supply tank 34 through the heat exchange unit 33, allowing the supplementary water to be heated before being added to the landscape water body cold storage module or the rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module in winter, reducing the temperature disturbance caused by low-temperature water replenishment to the internal environment of the greenhouse 5; the water supply tank 34 is connected to two modules respectively, realizing the unified allocation and replenishment of water in the system. Thus, the photovoltaic-thermal integrated auxiliary module enables the system to form a self-sufficient low-energy climate maintenance unit, further improving the system's energy efficiency and operational independence.

[0030] Furthermore, the landscape water body cold storage module also includes an air outlet heat exchanger 15; the air outlet heat exchanger 15 is located on the upper part or the upper side of the greenhouse 5, and is equipped with heat exchange coils and fans inside, for rapidly cooling the air inside the greenhouse 5; the circulating pump 13 is also connected to the air outlet heat exchanger 15, for circulating and transporting the cooled low-temperature landscape lake water 11 to the air outlet heat exchanger 15.

[0031] In the above embodiment, by adding an air outlet heat exchanger 15, when the temperature inside the greenhouse 5 rises suddenly and requires rapid cooling, the low-temperature landscape lake water 11 enters the coil inside the air outlet heat exchanger 15. Together with the air supply fan, it forces convection heat exchange on the hot air in the upper part of the greenhouse 5, which can quickly reduce the air temperature inside the greenhouse 5. This makes up for the slow cooling speed of the floor coil 14 radiative heat exchange, giving the system the dual-mode operation capability of basic cooling and rapid cooling, and improving the system's response speed and control accuracy in response to high-temperature conditions.

[0032] For example, a circulation pump 13 is positioned between the landscape lake water 11 and the heat exchanger 12 to pump the landscape lake water 11 to the heat exchanger 12. The heat exchanger 12 is located at a ventilation point on the shore of the landscape lake or outside the greenhouse 5 to cool the landscape lake water 11 using low-temperature outdoor air during summer nights. The cooled landscape lake water 11 then enters the floor coil 14 and / or the vent heat exchanger 15 to release cooling energy into the greenhouse 5.

[0033] Furthermore, the landscape water body cooling module also includes a first temperature sensor 16 installed in the landscape lake water 11, used to detect the temperature of the landscape lake water 11 and feed it back to the central control system 4; during summer nights when the temperature of the landscape lake water 11 is higher than a first set threshold and the outdoor air temperature is lower than the temperature of the landscape lake water 11 by a set temperature difference, the central control system 4 controls the circulation pump 13 to start to cool the landscape lake water 11; when the temperature of the landscape lake water 11 drops below a second set threshold, the central control system 4 controls the circulation pump 13 to reduce its operating frequency or stop operating.

[0034] In the above embodiments, by setting the first temperature sensor 16 and the above-mentioned start-stop control logic, the central control system 4 can accurately determine the timing of cold storage based on the actual temperature of the landscape lake water 11 and the outdoor ambient temperature. The circulating pump 13 is only started for cold storage when the temperature of the landscape lake water 11 is higher than the set threshold and there is a sufficient temperature difference, thus avoiding energy waste caused by operating under ineffective temperature difference conditions. When the water temperature drops below the target temperature, the frequency is reduced or the machine is stopped in time to achieve optimal control of the cold storage process, further reducing the ineffective energy consumption of the system.

[0035] Furthermore, the heat exchanger 12 is a plate heat exchanger, which is installed on the shore of the landscape lake or in a ventilated position outside the greenhouse 5, and its inlet and outlet are both connected to the landscape lake water 11.

[0036] In the above embodiments, the plate heat exchanger has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency and compact structure. When set on the shore of the landscape lake or in the ventilation position outside the greenhouse 5, it can make full use of natural ventilation conditions and improve the heat exchange and cooling efficiency at night.

[0037] Furthermore, the filtration device 22 includes a pre-filter 221, an activated carbon filter 222, and a precision filter 223 connected in sequence, for multi-stage filtration of the collected rainwater.

[0038] In the above embodiments, the three-stage filtration of the primary filter 221, activated carbon filter 222 and precision filter 223 can effectively remove suspended particulate matter, organic impurities and fine particles from rainwater, ensuring that the filtered rainwater quality meets the usage requirements of the high-pressure spray system 23, preventing the atomizing nozzle 233 from clogging and extending the service life of the spray system.

[0039] Furthermore, the high-pressure spray system 23 includes a high-pressure water pump 231, a water supply pipeline 232, and several atomizing nozzles 233, used to spray into the greenhouse 5 to achieve humidification and evaporative cooling. The input end of the high-pressure water pump 231 is connected to the filter device 22, and the output end of the high-pressure water pump 231 is connected to the water supply pipeline 232. The water supply pipeline 232 is laid inside the greenhouse 5, and several atomizing nozzles 233 are evenly arranged on the water supply pipeline 232. The central control system 4 adjusts the size and density of atomized particles by controlling the rotation speed of the high-pressure water pump 231 and the on / off state of the atomizing nozzles 233.

[0040] In the above embodiment, the high-pressure water pump 231 provides a high-pressure water flow, enabling the atomizing nozzle 233 to produce fine and uniform droplets, increasing the contact area between the water mist and the air, and improving the evaporation heat absorption efficiency; the uniform arrangement of several atomizing nozzles 233 ensures the uniformity of atomization spraying in the greenhouse 5, avoiding local over-humidification or cooling dead zones; the central control system 4 achieves precise control of the atomized particle size and spraying range by adjusting the speed of the high-pressure water pump 231 and the nozzle switch, enabling the system to flexibly adapt to different cooling and humidification needs.

[0041] Furthermore, the light-transmitting photovoltaic / photothermal module 31 adopts a photovoltaic module with a light transmittance of ≥80%.

[0042] In the above implementation, the photovoltaic modules with a light transmittance of ≥80% ensure sufficient natural light transmittance into the greenhouse 5 while generating electricity, without affecting the normal photosynthesis of the plants in the greenhouse 5, thus achieving a balance between the dual functions of power generation and light transmission.

[0043] Furthermore, a liquid level sensor 35 is provided on the water replenishment tank 34. The liquid level sensor 35 is used to detect the water level in the water replenishment tank 34 and is electrically connected to the central control system 4. When the liquid level sensor 35 detects that the water level in the water replenishment tank 34 is lower than the set lower limit, the central control system 4 controls the filtered rainwater or external replenishment water to enter the water replenishment tank 34. When the water level reaches the set upper limit, water replenishment stops.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the water level of the water tank 34 is monitored in real time by the liquid level sensor 35 and the water replenishment process is automatically controlled by the central control system 4 to ensure that the water volume of the water tank 34 is always within a reasonable range. This avoids the landscape water body cooling module or high-pressure spray system 23 from failing to operate normally due to insufficient water volume, and also avoids overflow waste due to excessive water volume. This improves the reliability of system operation and the level of automation of water resource management.

[0045] Furthermore, during winter operation, the heat exchange unit 33 transfers solar heat to the water replenishment tank 34, preheats the water in the water replenishment tank 34, and then replenishes it into the landscape water body cold storage module or the rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module.

[0046] In the above embodiments, under winter conditions, the water in the water supply tank 34 is preheated by the solar energy exchange unit 33 before being added to the system, which avoids the cold disturbance caused by the low-temperature water directly entering the landscape water body or the spray system, thus helping to maintain the stability of the internal temperature of the greenhouse 5 and reducing the additional heating energy consumption for water replenishment in winter.

[0047] Furthermore, the central control system 4 performs the following control based on the detection signals from the humidity sensor 24 and the leaf temperature sensor 25: when the relative humidity inside the greenhouse 5 is lower than the first humidity threshold and the plant leaf temperature does not exceed the set temperature, the high-pressure spray system 23 is controlled to operate in coarse mist mode; when the plant leaf temperature exceeds the set temperature or the air temperature inside the greenhouse 5 exceeds the set value, the high-pressure water pump 231 is controlled to increase the operating pressure, so that the atomizing nozzles 233 spray out fine mist; when the relative humidity inside the greenhouse 5 is higher than the second humidity threshold, the number of atomizing nozzles 233 opened is reduced or spraying is paused.

[0048] In the above implementation, through the switching control strategy of the above three modes, the system can automatically select the most suitable misting mode according to the different temperature and humidity conditions in greenhouse 5: when the humidity is insufficient, the coarse mist mode is used to quickly humidify; when the temperature is high, the fine mist mode is used to enhance the evaporation and cooling effect; when the humidity is too high, the spraying is reduced or stopped in time to avoid water accumulation on the leaves and slippery ground. This achieves precise control of the humidity environment in greenhouse 5, making the greenhouse climate closer to the real tropical rainforest environment.

[0049] Furthermore, the droplet size of the fine mist is 20–50 μm.

[0050] In the above embodiments, the droplet size of 20-50 μm takes into account both the evaporation rate and diffusion uniformity of the droplets. Fine mist within this size range can evaporate and absorb heat rapidly in the air, effectively reducing the temperature of plant leaves and the air temperature, while avoiding large droplets from falling directly onto the leaf surface and causing water accumulation.

[0051] Furthermore, the central control system 4 includes a PLC controller 41 and a touch screen 42. The PLC controller 41 is electrically connected to each sensor, the circulating pump 13, the high-pressure spray system 23, and the energy storage unit 32. The touch screen 42 is used to set operating parameters and display the system operating status and fault alarms.

[0052] like Figure 2As shown, the central control system 4 receives detection signals from the first temperature sensor 16, humidity sensor 24, leaf surface temperature sensor 25 and liquid level sensor 35, and controls the operation of the circulating pump 13, high-pressure spray system 23, floor coil 14, air outlet heat exchanger 15, heat exchange unit 33 and water supply tank 34 through PLC controller 41.

[0053] In the above embodiments, the PLC controller 41 has the advantages of high reliability and strong anti-interference ability, and can operate stably in the high temperature and high humidity environment of greenhouse 5, ensuring long-term reliable operation of the system; the touch screen 42 provides an intuitive human-machine interface, which makes it easy for operators to view the system operating status, set operating parameters and receive fault alarm information in real time, thus improving the system's ease of operation and maintainability.

[0054] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for nighttime cooling and energy-saving control of a greenhouse 5 is provided, applied to the above-mentioned greenhouse nighttime cooling and energy-saving control system utilizing landscape water bodies and rainwater for cooling, comprising the following steps: S1. Summer nighttime cooling: The central control system 4 monitors the temperature of the landscape lake water 11 through the first temperature sensor 16. When the temperature of the landscape lake water 11 is higher than the first set threshold and the outdoor air temperature is lower than the temperature of the landscape lake water 11 to reach the set temperature difference, the circulation pump 13 is started to pump the landscape lake water 11 to the heat exchanger 12 to cool and store the landscape lake water 11 using the low temperature air at night. S2. Summer daytime basic cooling: When the air temperature inside the greenhouse 5 exceeds the second set threshold, the central control system 4 starts the circulation pump 13 to transport the cooled low-temperature landscape lake water 11 to the floor coil 14 to perform basic cooling of the greenhouse 5 through ground radiation heat exchange. S3. Rapid cooling during the day in summer: When the air temperature inside greenhouse 5 exceeds the third set threshold or the plant leaf temperature exceeds the fourth set threshold, the central control system 4 starts the air outlet heat exchanger 15, allowing the low-temperature landscape lake water 11 to enter the coil inside the air outlet heat exchanger 15 and start the air supply fan to rapidly cool the hot air in the upper part of greenhouse 5. S4. Mist spray linkage control: The central control system 4 dynamically adjusts the opening density and atomized particle size of the atomizing nozzle 233 of the high-pressure spray system 23 based on the detection signals of the humidity sensor 24 and the leaf surface temperature sensor 25. S5, Photovoltaic-thermal Assist: Transparent photovoltaic / thermal module 31 converts solar energy into electrical and thermal energy. The electrical energy supplies power to various devices in the system, and the thermal energy is preheated in the water supply tank 34 by the heat exchange unit 33 before being supplied to the landscape water body cold storage module or the rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module.

[0055] In the above embodiments, the present invention realizes a complete greenhouse climate control process from nighttime cold storage, daytime tiered cooling, to mist spraying linkage: S1 utilizes natural temperature differences for cold storage, obtaining a low-temperature cold source without mechanical refrigeration; S2 achieves gentle and uniform basic cooling through floor coils 14; S3, under high-temperature conditions, the vent heat exchanger 15 provides a rapid response, cooperating with S2 to form a tiered cooling strategy; S4 dynamically adjusts mist spraying parameters based on real-time sensor data to achieve synergy between cooling and humidification; S5 provides clean energy to the system through tiered utilization of solar energy. The above steps work together to achieve low-energy consumption and high-precision maintenance of the greenhouse climate.

[0056] Furthermore, in step S4, when the relative humidity inside the greenhouse 5 is lower than the first humidity threshold and the plant leaf temperature does not exceed the set temperature, humidification is carried out in coarse mist mode; when the plant leaf temperature exceeds the set temperature or the internal temperature of the greenhouse 5 exceeds the set value, the pressure of the high-pressure water pump 231 is increased to spray out fine mist with a particle size of 20-50μm; when the relative humidity inside the greenhouse 5 is higher than the second humidity threshold, the spraying is reduced or suspended, and the floor coil 14 and the air outlet heat exchanger 15 are switched to cooling.

[0057] In the above embodiments, by specifying the mist spray linkage control strategy as the switching of operation modes under different temperature and humidity conditions and limiting the fine mist particle size parameters, the control method has clear execution standards and operability, ensuring that the optimal cooling and humidification effect can be achieved under different operating conditions, and avoiding indoor over-humidity or leaf water accumulation problems caused by improper mist spraying.

[0058] In this embodiment, the greenhouse nighttime cooling and energy-saving control system utilizing landscape water features and rainwater for cooling has the following technical effects: 1. Utilize the existing landscape lake 11 surrounding the greenhouse 5 as a natural cold source storage device. There is no need to build additional energy storage facilities. Make full use of the natural low temperature environment to achieve water cooling. During the summer daytime, the low temperature water is circulated to cool down the greenhouse. There is no need to turn on the air conditioning unit or reduce the time the air conditioning unit is turned on, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of greenhouse cooling and saves operating costs. 2. The integrated roof rainwater collection and high-pressure spray system 23 realizes the utilization of rainwater resources. At the same time, through the linkage control of humidity sensor 24 and leaf temperature sensor 25, the spray parameters are dynamically adjusted to maintain the suitable humidity of greenhouse 5 and use water evaporation to absorb heat to assist in cooling. It accurately simulates the "hot and humid" environment of a real tropical rainforest, avoids the "humid heat" problem caused by traditional cooling methods, and is more conducive to plant growth. 3. The installation of photovoltaic-thermal integrated modules enables the tiered utilization of solar energy. Electricity is directly used to drive various equipment in the system, and thermal energy is used to preheat water in the winter water supply tank, forming a self-sufficient low-energy climate maintenance unit. This further reduces dependence on external power grids and energy sources, and enhances the system's energy efficiency and independence. 4. All modules work together through the central control system 4 to achieve precise control of temperature and humidity in greenhouse 5. It is easy to operate, suitable for long-term stable operation of large greenhouses (such as tropical rainforest pavilions), highly practical, and has high promotional value.

[0059] Specific Implementation Cases Taking a tropical rainforest greenhouse 5 in a botanical garden as an example, greenhouse 5 has a building area of ​​approximately 1200 m², and the plant display area inside greenhouse 5 is approximately 800 m². The target temperature inside greenhouse 5 in summer is set at 26–30℃, and the target relative humidity is set at 75%–90%. A landscape lake 11 is located outside greenhouse 5, with an effective water volume of approximately 800 m³, serving as a natural cold source for the landscape water body's cooling storage module. A circulation pump 13 and a heat exchanger 12 are installed on the shore of the landscape lake. The rated flow rate of the circulation pump 13 is 20–35 m³ / h, and the heat exchanger 12 adopts a combination structure of air-cooled heat exchangers or plate heat exchangers located in the ventilation equipment area on the lake shore, used for heat exchange and cooling of the landscape lake 11 at night.

[0060] During summer nights, when the first temperature sensor 16 detects that the temperature of the landscape lake water 11 is above 24°C and the outdoor air temperature is more than 3°C lower than the temperature of the landscape lake water 11, the PLC controller 41 controls the circulation pump 13 to start. The circulation pump 13 pumps the landscape lake water 11 to the heat exchanger 12, using the low-temperature nighttime air to cool the landscape lake water 11. After 6-8 hours of nighttime circulation, the temperature of the water intake area of ​​the landscape lake water 11 can be reduced from about 28-30°C to about 22-25°C. When the first temperature sensor 16 detects that the temperature of the landscape lake water 11 has dropped below 24°C, the PLC controller 41 controls the circulation pump 13 to reduce its operating frequency or stop operating to reduce ineffective energy consumption.

[0061] During summer days, when the air temperature inside greenhouse 5 exceeds 30℃, the central control system 4 activates the basic cooling mode. The PLC controller 41 controls the circulation pump 13 to transport cooled landscape lake water 11 to the floor coils 14. The floor coils 14 are laid under the plant cultivation area and main passageways of greenhouse 5, covering an area of ​​approximately 500–700 m², with the circulating water temperature preferably controlled between 18–24℃. The floor coils 14 provide basic cooling to greenhouse 5 through ground radiation and natural convection heat exchange, causing the internal temperature of greenhouse 5 to decrease slowly and be maintained within the range of 28–30℃.

[0062] When the air temperature inside greenhouse 5 exceeds 32℃, or when the leaf temperature sensor 25 detects that the plant leaf temperature exceeds 34℃, the central control system 4 activates the rapid cooling mode. At this time, the PLC controller 41 controls the operation of the air vent heat exchanger 15, allowing the low-temperature landscape lake water 11 to enter the coil inside the air vent heat exchanger 15, and simultaneously starts the air supply fan of the air vent heat exchanger 15. The air vent heat exchanger 15 is preferably located at the top or upper side of greenhouse 5, with each air vent heat exchanger 15 handling an air volume of 3000–5000 m³ / h and a water supply temperature of 18–24℃. The air cooled by the air vent heat exchanger 15 is returned to the interior of greenhouse 5 to rapidly reduce the temperature of the hot air in the upper part of greenhouse 5 and to assist the floor coil 14 in achieving overall cooling.

[0063] In the rainwater harvesting and mist spraying linkage module, the roof rainwater harvesting system 21 is installed at the roof drainage ditch of greenhouse 5. Based on an effective collection area of ​​approximately 1000 m² on the roof of greenhouse 5, approximately 10 m³ of rainwater can be collected when the rainfall is 10 mm. The collected rainwater is filtered sequentially through a pre-filter 221, an activated carbon filter 222, and a precision filter 223 before entering the high-pressure mist spraying system 23 or the water supply tank 34. The high-pressure mist spraying system 23 includes a high-pressure water pump 231, a water supply pipeline 232, and atomizing nozzles 233. The high-pressure water pump 231 can operate at a pressure of 4–7 MPa, and the atomizing nozzles 233 are evenly arranged along the upper interior of greenhouse 5, with a quantity of 80–120.

[0064] When the humidity sensor 24 detects that the relative humidity inside greenhouse 5 is below 75% and the leaf temperature sensor 25 detects that the plant leaf temperature does not exceed 34°C, the PLC controller 41 controls the high-pressure spray system 23 to enter humidification mode, and the atomizing nozzles 233 spray medium or coarse mist to increase the humidity inside greenhouse 5. When the leaf temperature sensor 25 detects that the plant leaf temperature exceeds 34°C, or the air temperature inside greenhouse 5 exceeds 32°C, the PLC controller 41 controls the high-pressure water pump 231 to increase the operating pressure, so that the atomizing nozzles 233 spray fine mist with a smaller droplet size, preferably 20-50μm, to enhance the evaporative heat absorption effect and reduce the plant leaf temperature. When the humidity sensor 24 detects that the relative humidity inside greenhouse 5 is above 90%, the PLC controller 41 reduces the number of atomizing nozzles 233 that are turned on or stops spraying, and prioritizes cooling by using the floor coils 14 and the air vent heat exchangers 15 to avoid excessive humidity inside greenhouse 5, water accumulation on leaves, and slippery ground.

[0065] In the photovoltaic-thermal integrated auxiliary module, the light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal module 31 is installed in the gap of the greenhouse 5 dome or on the surrounding buildings, with an installed capacity of 10-20kW and a light transmittance preferably not less than 80%. The electrical energy generated by the light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal module 31 is input into the energy storage unit 32, which has a capacity of 20-40kWh, and is used to supply power to the circulating pump 13, the high-pressure water pump 231, the fan in the air outlet heat exchanger 15, and the central control system 4. The heat energy generated by the light-transmitting photovoltaic / thermal module 31 is transferred to the water supply tank 34 via the heat exchange unit 33.

[0066] The water supply tank 34 is located in the equipment area on the side of greenhouse 5, and its effective volume can be 8-15 m³. A level sensor 35 is installed inside the water supply tank 34 to detect the water level. When the level sensor 35 detects that the water level in the water supply tank 34 is below a set lower limit, for example, below 30% of the effective volume, the PLC controller 41 controls filtered rainwater or external supplementary water to enter the water supply tank 34; when the water level reaches 80%-90% of the effective volume, water supply stops. The water in the water supply tank 34 can be used to replenish the water volume of the landscape lake 11 caused by evaporation, sewage discharge, and circulation losses, and can also serve as a backup water source for the high-pressure spray system 23. During winter operation, the heat exchange unit 33 transfers solar heat to the water replenishment tank 34, preheating the temperature of the water in the water replenishment tank 34 from about 10-15°C to about 25-35°C. Then, the landscape water body cold storage module or the rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module is added to reduce the disturbance to the internal environment of the greenhouse 5 caused by low temperature water replenishment.

[0067] Through the above specific implementation methods, under high-temperature daytime conditions in summer, the system can prioritize the use of low-temperature water formed after nighttime cooling of the landscape lake water 11 through the heat exchanger 12. This water is then used for basic cooling via the floor coils 14, rapid cooling via the vent heat exchanger 15, and humidification and evaporative cooling aided by the high-pressure spray system 23. In winter or low-temperature water replenishment conditions, the system can utilize the photovoltaic-thermal integrated auxiliary module to preheat the water replenishment tank 34. Therefore, while reducing the cooling load of the traditional air conditioning unit, the system can improve the stability of temperature, humidity, and plant leaf temperature control within the greenhouse 5.

[0068] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A greenhouse night cooling and energy saving control system using landscape water body and rainwater cold storage, characterized in that, This includes a landscape water body cooling module, a rainwater harvesting and mist spraying linkage module, and a central control system; The landscape water cooling module includes a landscape lake, a heat exchanger, a circulation pump, and floor coils located around the greenhouse. The floor coils are installed below the greenhouse floor. The landscape lake serves as a natural cold source, and the heat exchanger is connected to the lake to cool it using the low outdoor temperature during summer nights. The circulation pump is connected to both the heat exchanger and the floor coils to circulate the cooled lake water to the floor coils. The central control system is electrically connected to the circulation pump and controls its activation when the greenhouse temperature exceeds a set value. The rainwater collection and misting linkage module includes a roof rainwater collection system, a filtration device, a high-pressure misting system, a humidity sensor, and a leaf temperature sensor. The roof rainwater collection system is installed on the greenhouse roof and is used to collect natural rainwater. The filtration device is connected to the roof rainwater collection system and is used to filter the collected rainwater. The high-pressure misting system is installed inside the greenhouse and is connected to the filtration device, and is used to mist and spray the filtered rainwater. The humidity sensor and the leaf temperature sensor are both installed inside the greenhouse and are electrically connected to the central control system. The central control system is electrically connected to the high-pressure misting system and is used to dynamically adjust the opening density of the misting nozzles and the size of the mist particles in the high-pressure misting system based on the signals detected by the humidity sensor and the leaf temperature sensor.

2. The greenhouse night cooling and energy-saving control system using landscape water body and rainwater cold storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes photovoltaic-thermal integrated auxiliary modules; The photovoltaic-thermal integrated auxiliary module includes a transparent photovoltaic / thermal component, an energy storage unit, a heat exchange unit, and a water supply tank. The transparent photovoltaic / thermal component is arranged in the gaps of the greenhouse dome or on the surrounding buildings of the greenhouse to absorb solar energy and convert it into electrical and thermal energy. The energy storage unit is electrically connected to the transparent photovoltaic / thermal component and is also electrically connected to the circulation pump, the central control system, and the high-pressure spray system. The heat exchange unit is connected to the transparent photovoltaic / thermal component and the water supply tank to transfer heat energy to the water supply tank for preheating the water. The water supply tank is connected to the landscape water body cold storage module and the rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module to replenish water loss.

3. The greenhouse night cooling and energy-saving control system using landscape water body and rainwater cold storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The landscape water body cold storage module also includes an air outlet heat exchanger; the air outlet heat exchanger is set at the upper part or upper side of the greenhouse, and is equipped with heat exchange coils and fans inside, for rapidly cooling the air inside the greenhouse. The circulating pump is connected to the air outlet heat exchanger, and the circulating pump is also used to circulate the cooled low-temperature landscape lake water to the air outlet heat exchanger.

4. The greenhouse nighttime cooling and energy-saving control system utilizing landscape water bodies and rainwater for cooling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The landscape water body cooling module also includes a first temperature sensor installed in the landscape lake water to detect the landscape lake water temperature and feed it back to the central control system. During summer nights, when the temperature of the landscape lake water is higher than a first set threshold and the outdoor air temperature is lower than the landscape lake water temperature by a set temperature difference, the central control system controls the circulation pump to start; when the temperature of the landscape lake water drops below a second set threshold, the central control system controls the circulation pump to reduce its operating frequency or stop.

5. The greenhouse night cooling and energy-saving control system using landscape water body and rainwater cold storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger, which is installed on the shore of the landscape lake or in a ventilated location outside the greenhouse, with its inlet and outlet both connected to the water in the landscape lake.

6. The greenhouse night-cooling and energy-saving control system using landscape water body and rainwater cold storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtration device includes a pre-filter, an activated carbon filter, and a precision filter connected in sequence, for multi-stage filtration of collected rainwater. 7.The greenhouse night-time cooling and energy-saving control system using a landscape water body and rainwater cold storage of claim 1, wherein, The high-pressure spray system includes a high-pressure water pump, a water supply pipeline, and several atomizing nozzles; the input end of the high-pressure water pump is connected to the filter device, and the output end of the high-pressure water pump is connected to the water supply pipeline, which is laid inside the greenhouse, and several atomizing nozzles are evenly arranged on the water supply pipeline; the central control system adjusts the size and density of atomized particles by controlling the rotation speed of the high-pressure water pump and the opening and closing of the atomizing nozzles. 8.The greenhouse night cooling and energy-saving control system using landscape water body and rainwater cold storage of claim 2, wherein, The light-transmitting photovoltaic / photothermal module uses a photovoltaic module with a light transmittance of ≥80%. 9.The greenhouse night-time cooling and energy-saving control system using a landscape water body and rainwater cold storage of claim 2, wherein, The water replenishment tank is equipped with a liquid level sensor, which is electrically connected to the central control system. When the liquid level sensor detects that the water level in the water replenishment tank is lower than the set lower limit, the central control system controls the filtered rainwater or external replenishment water to enter the water replenishment tank. When the water level reaches the set upper limit, water replenishment stops. 10.The greenhouse night cooling and energy-saving control system using landscape water body and rainwater cold storage according to claim 2, wherein, During winter operation, the heat exchange unit transfers solar heat to the water replenishment tank, preheats the water in the tank, and then replenishes it into the landscape water body cold storage module or the rainwater collection and mist spray linkage module.

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