A zinc and selenium acid-rich soup fungus compound fermented feed additive for preventing and treating pig stomach ulcer and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of livestock and poultry functional feed processing technology, specifically a zinc-selenium-enriched acidic fermented feed additive for the prevention and treatment of porcine gastric ulcers, and its preparation method. The product uses fermented acidic residue, a byproduct of zinc-selenium acidic fermentation, as the main ingredient, combined with *Saccharomyces boulardii*, shiitake mushroom mycelium powder, licorice and *Atractylodes macrocephala* extracts, zinc- and selenium-enriched yeast, and *Lactobacillus plantarum*, among other probiotics. The raw materials undergo sterilization pretreatment, two stages of solid-state fermentation, and low-temperature drying and pulverization to produce powder or granules. This product is rich in organic zinc and selenium, lactic acid bacteria, organic acids, and active polysaccharides. It works synergistically by regulating gastric acid, repairing the gastric mucosa, inhibiting harmful bacteria, and enhancing immunity. The preventive efficacy rate for gastric ulcers exceeds 92%, and the therapeutic efficacy rate exceeds 85%. It can also reduce the feed conversion ratio by 0.15–0.2. The product contains no antibiotics and no chemical residues. It can be added at 0.5%–1% for daily prevention or at 2%–3% for disease treatment. It boasts high raw material resource utilization, a simple process, low cost, and is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional feed processing technology for livestock and poultry, specifically to a zinc- and selenium-enriched acidic soup-based compound fermented feed additive for preventing and treating gastric ulcers in pigs, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale pig farming, the incidence of gastric ulcers in pigs remains at 30%–50% annually. Acute cases can result in a 100% mortality rate. Chronic cases lead to decreased feed intake, stunted growth, and an increased feed conversion ratio. This disease causes over 20 billion yuan in direct economic losses to the pig farming industry annually in China. Contributing factors include excessively finely ground feed, gastric acid secretion disorders, farming stress, Helicobacter pylori infection, and deficiencies in zinc and selenium.

[0003] Current prevention and control measures rely heavily on antibiotics, acid-suppressing chemicals, and artificial gastric mucosal protectants, which have significant drawbacks: First, long-term antibiotic feeding leads to intestinal flora imbalance and drug-resistant mutations in pathogens, resulting in drug residues in meat products and failing to meet national standards for antibiotic-free farming. Second, chemical acid-suppressing drugs only temporarily neutralize stomach acid and cannot repair damaged gastric mucosa, leading to frequent recurrence of symptoms after discontinuation. Third, the high cost of purchasing finished veterinary drugs increases the cost of pig farming. Fourth, commercially available feed additives lack targeted formulations and are not designed around the pathogenesis of gastric ulcers, resulting in limited preventive and therapeutic effects.

[0004] The production process of Guizhou's distinctive zinc-selenium sour soup food generates a large amount of sour soup residue and fermentation tail liquid byproducts. These byproducts are naturally rich in organic acids, lactic acid bacteria, organic zinc, and organic selenium. Zinc is an essential element for the repair of gastric mucosal epithelium, and selenium has antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects. However, at present, most of the waste residue from sour soup processing is discarded or used as cheap raw materials, resulting in extremely low resource utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a zinc- and selenium-enriched fermented feed additive containing bacteria and its preparation method for preventing and treating porcine gastric ulcers. This solution overcomes the significant drawbacks of current prevention and control methods, which rely heavily on antibiotics, acid-suppressing chemicals, and artificial gastric mucosa protectants. Firstly, long-term antibiotic feeding leads to intestinal flora imbalance and drug-resistant mutations in pathogens, resulting in drug residues in meat products and failing to meet national standards for antibiotic-free farming. Secondly, chemical acid-suppressing drugs only temporarily neutralize stomach acid and cannot repair damaged gastric mucosa, leading to frequent recurrence of symptoms after discontinuation. Thirdly, the finished veterinary drug... The high cost of purchasing feed increases the cost of raising pigs; fourth, the formulas of similar feed additives on the market lack targeting and are not designed around the pathogenesis of gastric ulcers, resulting in limited prevention and treatment effects; the production process of Guizhou's characteristic zinc-selenium sour soup food generates a large amount of sour soup residue and fermentation tail liquid by-products. These by-products are naturally rich in organic acids, lactic acid bacteria, organic zinc, and organic selenium. Zinc is an essential element for the repair of gastric mucosal epithelium, and selenium has antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects. However, at present, most of the waste residue from sour soup processing is discarded or used as cheap raw materials, resulting in extremely low resource utilization.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A zinc- and selenium-enriched fermented feed additive containing bacteria to prevent and treat gastric ulcers in pigs.

[0008] The formula is as follows (by weight): 60-80 parts of fermented zinc-selenium acid slurry residue, 5-10 parts of yeast Braudi, 8-15 parts of shiitake mushroom mycelium powder, 3-8 parts of licorice extract, 2-6 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala extract, 1-3 parts of zinc-enriched yeast, 0.5-2 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, and 0.3-1 parts of compound probiotic fermentation agent.

[0009] The compound probiotic fermentation agent is composed of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a live bacteria ratio of 2:2:1.

[0010] The fermented zinc-selenium acid soup residue is obtained from the first round of solid-state fermentation of waste residue from zinc-selenium acid soup production. The required indicators are: organic zinc ≥ 80 mg / kg, organic selenium ≥ 0.8 mg / kg, and viable lactic acid bacteria count ≥ 10. 8 cfu / g.

[0011] Preferred specifications: Licorice extract contains ≥5% glycyrrhizic acid; Atractylodes macrocephala extract contains ≥10% Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide; Lentinus edodes mycelium powder contains ≥15% Lentinus edodes polysaccharide; *Saccharomyces boulardii* viable count ≥2×10¹ 0 cfu / g; zinc-enriched yeast organic zinc ≥10000mg / kg, selenium-enriched yeast organic selenium ≥2000mg / kg.

[0012] The finished product is in powder or granule form, with a particle size of 0.2-0.5 mm and a moisture content of ≤12%.

[0013] (2) The preparation method of the above feed additive includes five steps:

[0014] S1. Pretreatment of sour soup residue: solid-liquid separation of fresh zinc-selenium sour soup waste residue, adjustment of moisture content to 55%-60%, high-pressure sterilization at 121℃ for 20 minutes, and natural cooling to room temperature;

[0015] S2. First round of solid-state fermentation: The pretreated acid soup residue is mixed with compound probiotic fermentation agent and fermented in a sealed manner at 30-32℃ for 72 hours, turning the material once every 12 hours; the pH is controlled at the end of the fermentation to be 3.5-4.0, and the total acidity converted from lactic acid is ≥6g / L. The output is the fermented zinc selenium acid soup residue.

[0016] S3. Secondary compound fermentation: The fermented zinc selenium acid soup residue is mixed with shiitake mushroom mycelium powder, licorice extract and atractylodes macrocephala extract. The moisture content of the material is adjusted to 50% to 55%. Saccharomyces boulardii is introduced and fermented at 28 to 30°C for 48 hours. The ventilation volume is controlled at 0.5 to 1 m³ / (m³・min) throughout the fermentation process.

[0017] S4. Mixing and blending: Add zinc-rich yeast and selenium-rich yeast to the secondary fermentation product and mix all materials evenly.

[0018] S5. Low-temperature drying and shaping: The material is dried at a low temperature of 45-50℃ until the moisture content is ≤12%, then crushed through a 40-mesh sieve and processed into powder or granular finished products as needed.

[0019] (3) Methods of applying additives

[0020] ①Preventive addition: Add 0.5% to 1% of this product to the basic daily diet of pigs and feed continuously throughout the entire feeding cycle;

[0021] ② Treatment of disease: Add 2% to 3% of this product to the daily diet of sick pigs and feed them continuously for 14 days. After the symptoms improve, switch to the preventive dosage.

[0022] ③ Enhanced protection during high-risk periods: For piglets 1-2 weeks after weaning, fattening pigs aged 60-90 days, and sows in late pregnancy, the daily feed supplementation should be increased to 1.5%; applicable pig groups include weaned piglets, fattening pigs, pregnant sows, and lactating sows.

[0023] Working mechanism

[0024] 1. The endogenous organic acids and lactic acid bacteria in fermented sour soup residue regulate the acid-base environment of the stomach and inhibit the colonization of harmful bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori in the stomach. Natural organic zinc and selenium work together with exogenous zinc- and selenium-rich yeast to accelerate the regeneration and repair of damaged gastric mucosa tissue.

[0025] 2. Brady yeast can tolerate gastric acid and attach to the stomach wall to form a biological protective film, which isolates pathogenic bacteria from invasion. At the same time, it secretes digestive enzymes to improve feed digestibility and utilization.

[0026] 3. Lentinan, glycyrrhizic acid, and Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide work synergistically to reduce inflammation, protect the stomach, relieve stress, and enhance the body's non-specific immunity, thereby reducing the probability of developing gastric ulcers from the root cause.

[0027] The formula forms a four-in-one mechanism of action: regulating gastric acid secretion, repairing gastric mucosa, inhibiting bacterial colonization, and enhancing the body's anti-stress immunity.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a zinc- and selenium-enriched acidic soup-based compound fermented feed additive for the prevention and treatment of porcine gastric ulcers and its preparation method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. Excellent prevention and treatment effects: The effective rate for preventing gastric ulcers is ≥92%, and the effective rate for treating the disease is ≥85%, significantly reducing mortality and losses;

[0030] 2. Green and antibiotic-free: Made entirely from natural ingredients, free of antibiotics and chemical acid suppressants, resulting in pork with no drug residues, in line with antibiotic-free farming policies;

[0031] 3. Improve quality and reduce costs: After feeding, the feed intake of pigs increases by 8% to 12%, the feed conversion ratio decreases by 0.15 to 0.2, and the slaughter time is 5 to 7 days earlier; the raw material relies on waste sour soup residue, and the production cost is only 1 / 3 of that of similar chemical veterinary drugs;

[0032] 4. Resource utilization: The waste residue from the processing of sour soup is transformed into a valuable resource, with each ton of waste residue increasing in value by 800 to 1200 yuan, solving the problem of environmentally friendly waste residue disposal and improving the integrated industrial chain of planting and breeding;

[0033] 5. Industrialization advantages: All processes can be put into production using conventional feed production equipment, with low production threshold, making it suitable for large-scale production in major pig-producing areas across the country. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example

[0036] Example 1

[0037] Raw material weight parts: 70 parts fermented zinc-selenium acid residue, 8 parts yeast brady, 10 parts shiitake mushroom mycelium powder, 5 parts licorice extract, 4 parts atractylodes macrocephala extract, 2 parts zinc-enriched yeast, 0.8 parts selenium-enriched yeast, and 0.2 parts compound probiotic fermentation agent.

[0038] Preparation: S1 waste residue with 58% moisture content was sterilized and cooled at 121℃; S2 fermented at 31℃ for 72h, turning over every 12h, with an endpoint pH of 3.7 and total acid of 7.2g / L; S3 mixed material with 52% moisture content was fermented at 29℃ for 48h with ventilation of 0.8m³ / (m³・min); S4 mixed with zinc- and selenium-enriched yeast; S5 dried at 48℃ to 10% moisture content and passed through a 40-mesh sieve to make powder.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The preparation process was the same as in Example 1, consisting of 65 parts of fermented zinc-selenium acid residue, 10 parts of yeast Braudi, 12 parts of shiitake mushroom mycelium powder, 6 parts of licorice extract, 3 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala extract, 2.5 parts of zinc-enriched yeast, 1.2 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, and 0.3 parts of compound probiotic fermentation agent.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The preparation process was the same as in Example 1, consisting of 75 parts of fermented zinc-selenoic acid residue, 6 parts of yeast Braudiae, 9 parts of shiitake mushroom mycelium powder, 4 parts of licorice extract, 3 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala extract, 1.5 parts of zinc-enriched yeast, 1 part of selenium-enriched yeast, and 0.5 parts of compound probiotic fermentation agent.

[0043] Clinical trials of drug efficacy

[0044] Experiment 1: Treatment of Sick Pigs

[0045] 120 fattening pigs with natural gastric ulcer disease, weighing 60kg±5kg, were selected and divided into 4 groups of 30 pigs each:

[0046] Blank control group: The basal diet contained no added products;

[0047] Experiment 1: The diet was supplemented with 1% of the product from Example 1;

[0048] Experimental Group 2: The diet was supplemented with 2% of the product from Example 1;

[0049] Western medicine control group: 0.1% omeprazole was added to the diet; fed continuously for 14 days.

[0050] Experimental results: The cure rate in the control group was 13.3%, the mortality rate was 23.3%, and the feed conversion ratio was 3.12; the cure rate in experimental group 1 was 76.7%, the mortality rate was 3.3%, and the feed conversion ratio was 2.89; the cure rate in experimental group 2 was 86.7%, with zero mortality and a feed conversion ratio of 2.78; the cure rate in the Western medicine group was 80%, the mortality rate was 6.7%, and the feed conversion ratio was 2.95. The high-addition group of this invention showed better therapeutic effects than chemical drugs, with no drug residues.

[0051] Experiment 2: Piglet Prevention Trial

[0052] Two hundred weaned piglets were divided into two groups of 100 each. The control group received a regular diet, while the prevention group received a diet supplemented with 0.8% of the product from Example 1. The experiment lasted for 60 days. The incidence of gastric ulcers in the control group was 38%, while the incidence in the prevention group was 6%, resulting in an overall prevention effectiveness rate of 92.1%.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A zinc- and selenium-enriched fermented feed additive containing bacteria for the prevention and treatment of gastric ulcers in pigs, characterized in that, The ingredients are composed of the following raw materials by weight: 60-80 parts of fermented zinc-selenium acid soup residue, 5-10 parts of yeast bradycarpa, 8-15 parts of shiitake mushroom mycelium powder, 3-8 parts of licorice extract, 2-6 parts of atractylodes macrocephala extract, 1-3 parts of zinc-enriched yeast, 0.5-2 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, and 0.3-1 parts of compound probiotic fermentation agent. The compound probiotic starter is prepared from Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a live bacteria ratio of 2:2:1; the fermented zinc-selenium acid soup residue is the primary fermentation product of zinc-selenium acid soup processing waste residue, with organic zinc ≥80mg / kg, organic selenium ≥0.8mg / kg, and a live lactic acid bacteria count ≥10. 8 cfu / g.

2. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: Licorice extract contains glycyrrhizic acid ≥5%, Atractylodes macrocephala extract contains Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide ≥10%, and Lentinus edodes mycelium powder contains Lentinus edodes polysaccharide ≥15%.

3. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viable count of *Braidy yeast* is ≥2×10¹ 0 cfu / g; zinc-enriched yeast organic zinc ≥10000mg / kg, selenium-enriched yeast organic selenium ≥2000mg / kg.

4. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The finished product is in the form of powder or granules, with a particle size of 0.2-0.5 mm and a moisture content of ≤12%.

5. The method for preparing the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 Sour Soup Residue Pretreatment: Fresh sour soup waste residue undergoes solid-liquid separation, moisture content is adjusted to 55%–60%, sterilized at 121℃ for 20 minutes, and then cooled. S2 Primary Fermentation: The pretreated material is mixed with a compound probiotic fermentation agent and fermented at 30-32℃ for 72 hours, turning the material every 12 hours. The final fermentation result is a pH of 3.5-4.0 and a total lactic acid ≥6g / L, yielding fermented zinc-selenic acid soup residue. S3 Secondary Fermentation: The fermented zinc-selenic acid residue is mixed with shiitake mushroom mycelium powder, licorice, and Atractylodes macrocephala extract, with water content controlled at 50%–55%, and inoculated with Saccharomyces boulardii. Fermentation is carried out at 28–30℃ for 48 hours with ventilation of 0.5–1 m³ / (m³・min). S4 Mixing and blending: Mix the secondary fermentation material with zinc-rich yeast and selenium-rich yeast and mix well. S5 Drying and Shaping: Dry at a low temperature of 45-50℃ until the moisture content is ≤12%, pulverize and pass through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain powder or granular finished products.

6. The application of the product of claim 1 in the prevention and treatment of porcine gastric ulcers, characterized in that: For prevention, add 0.5%–1% to the diet throughout the entire feeding period; for treatment, add 2%–3% to the diet for 14 consecutive days, then switch to the preventive dose; for piglets 1–2 weeks after weaning, fattening pigs aged 60–90 days, and sows in late pregnancy, increase the addition to the diet to 1.5%; applicable to piglets, fattening pigs, pregnant and lactating sows.