A combined preparation of bacteria and peptides for improving the endocrine system

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of health food technology, specifically relating to a combined bacterial and peptide preparation for improving the endocrine system. By weight, it is prepared from the following components: 15-25 parts of *Lactobacillus reuteri* powder, 30-50 parts of spirulina peptide, 8-15 parts of inositol, 5-12 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 10-20 parts of xylooligosaccharides, and 3-8 parts of maltodextrin. This invention, through the scientific combination of *Lactobacillus reuteri*, spirulina peptide, inositol, and selenium-enriched yeast, exhibits excellent effects in four aspects: improving insulin resistance, regulating the HPA axis, balancing sex hormones, and restoring thyroid function. Experiments show that the complete preparation of this invention reduces HOMA-IR by 63.8%, serum cortisol by 45.1%, restores the E2 / T ratio from 0.11 to 0.54, restores thyroid function indicators to near-normal levels, and reduces inflammatory factors by over 64%, providing a novel combined bacterial and peptide solution for multi-target improvement of the endocrine system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of health food technology, specifically relating to a combined preparation of bacteria and peptides that improves the endocrine system. Background Technology

[0002] The endocrine system maintains homeostasis in physiological processes such as metabolism, growth, development, and reproduction through hormone synthesis and secretion. Endocrine disorders often involve simultaneous abnormalities in multiple targets. Common clinical endocrine-related diseases include insulin resistance, HPA axis overactivation, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-related hormonal imbalances, and hypothyroidism. Existing probiotic or peptide preparations mostly target only a single target, making it difficult to simultaneously address multiple abnormal endocrine processes.

[0003] Regarding probiotics, *Lactobacillus reuteri* is a naturally occurring probiotic strain in the gut of healthy individuals that produces gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). However, existing technologies disclose the application of *Lactobacillus reuteri* in the preparation of products for the prevention, relief, and treatment of obesity-related metabolic diseases, but do not address its improvement of PCOS-related hormonal disorders and thyroid function.

[0004] Regarding bioactive peptides, spirulina peptides, produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of spirulina, contain abundant small-molecule active peptides with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypoglycemic activities. Existing studies have shown that spirulina peptides have a hypoglycemic effect in diabetic mice, but their synergistic effect when used in combination with probiotics has not yet been reported.

[0005] Regarding micronutrients, inositol is a precursor to IP3, the second messenger in the insulin signaling pathway, and can enhance insulin receptor sensitivity; selenium is a component of the active site of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and is closely related to thyroid function. However, there are no publicly reported technical solutions for improving endocrine function by combining inositol, selenium-enriched yeast, and probiotics or bioactive peptides.

[0006] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined bacterial and peptide preparation for improving the endocrine system, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A combined bacterial and peptide preparation for improving the endocrine system, by weight, is prepared from the following components: 15-25 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder, 30-50 parts of Spirulina peptide, 8-15 parts of inositol, 5-12 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 10-20 parts of xylooligosaccharide, and 3-8 parts of maltodextrin.

[0009] Furthermore, it is characterized by being prepared by weight from the following components: 20 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder, 40 parts of spirulina peptide, 12 parts of inositol, 8 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 15 parts of xylooligosaccharides, and 5 parts of maltodextrin.

[0010] Furthermore, the viable count of the *Lactobacillus rhubarb* powder is 2.3 × 10⁻⁶. 11 cfu / g.

[0011] The present invention also provides the application of the combined bacterial and peptide preparation for improving the endocrine system in the preparation of products that improve the function of the endocrine system.

[0012] Furthermore, the improvement of the endocrine system includes at least one of improving insulin resistance, reducing serum cortisol levels, improving polycystic ovary syndrome-related hormonal disorders, and improving hypothyroidism.

[0013] Furthermore, the product is a raw material for health food or functional food.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The combination of the bacterial peptides of this invention with inositol and selenium-enriched yeast produces a synergistic effect. Experiments show that serum cortisol in study group A decreased to 105.8 ng / mL, a 45.1% reduction compared to the model control group; while serum cortisol in study group B, which only contained bacteria and peptides but not inositol and selenium-enriched yeast, was 158.4 ng / mL, significantly higher than that in study group A, indicating that the addition of inositol and selenium-enriched yeast produced an additional cortisol-reducing effect. Cortisol in study group C was 135.8 ng / mL, and in study group D was 142.8 ng / mL, a 14.3% and 9.8% reduction compared to study group B, respectively, while study group A had a 33.2% reduction compared to study group B, greater than the sum of the individual reductions. This may be because *Lactobacillus reuteri* produces GABA in the intestine, which enters the central nervous system via portal vein blood flow, activates GABA_A receptors, and inhibits excessive activation of the HPA axis; small molecule active peptides in spirulina peptides activate the AMPK signaling pathway, promote glucose uptake, and indirectly reduce the stimulation of the HPA axis by metabolic stress; xylooligosaccharides selectively promote the intestinal colonization and proliferation of *Lactobacillus reuteri*, prolong its residence time in the intestine, and enhance the continuous secretion of GABA.

[0015] (2) The combination of inositol and selenium-enriched yeast in this invention has a synergistic effect on improving insulin resistance. Experiments show that the HOMA-IR of group A in this invention decreased to 10.06, which is 63.8% lower than that of the model control group, 43.4% lower than that of group B (without inositol and selenium-enriched yeast), 27.7% lower than that of group C (with inositol only), and 33.2% lower than that of group D (with selenium-enriched yeast only), proving that the combination of inositol and selenium-enriched yeast has a synergistic effect. The HOMA-IR of group C was 13.92, which is 21.6% lower than that of group B; the HOMA-IR of group D was 15.06, which is 15.2% lower than that of group B; the improvement when the two are used in combination is greater than the sum of the improvement when they are added alone. This may be because the small molecule active peptides in spirulina peptides activate the AMPK signaling pathway and promote glucose uptake; inositol, as a cofactor for insulin receptor substrate phosphorylation, enhances the efficiency of insulin signal transduction; the combination of the two produces a synergistic effect; the organic selenium provided by selenium-enriched yeast is a component of the active center of GSH-Px, which can remove hydrogen peroxide in tissues, reduce the interference of oxidative stress on insulin signaling, and produce a three-way synergistic effect with spirulina peptides and inositol.

[0016] (3) The combination of the bacterial peptides of this invention can significantly improve the hormonal imbalances associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Experiments show that the E2 / T ratio in study group A recovered to 0.54, close to the level of the blank control group, with a recovery rate of 92.5% compared to the model control group; while the E2 / T ratio in study group B only recovered to 0.22, in study group C to 0.37, and in study group D to 0.31, all significantly lower than that in study group A, indicating that the combined use of inositol and selenium-enriched yeast has a much better effect on improving sex hormone balance than using them alone. This may be because inositol improves insulin sensitivity, reducing the stimulation of ovarian androgen synthesis by hyperinsulinemia; selenium-enriched yeast improves thyroid function, indirectly promoting the synthesis of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and reducing free testosterone levels; and GABA produced by *Lactobacillus reuteri* reduces the interference of cortisol on sex hormone synthesis by regulating the HPA axis. The three work synergistically to restore sex hormone balance.

[0017] (4) The combination of the bacterial peptides of the present invention can significantly improve hypothyroidism. Experiments show that in Group A of the present invention, TSH decreased to 2.54 μIU / mL, FT3 increased to 5.37 pmol / L, and FT4 increased to 17.56 pmol / L, all returning to near normal levels; while in Group B, TSH remained at 5.14 μIU / mL, FT3 was only 3.87 pmol / L, and FT4 was only 13.18 pmol / L; in Group D, TSH decreased to 3.87 μIU / mL, FT3 increased to 4.19 pmol / L, and FT4 increased to 14.48 pmol / L, indicating that selenium-enriched yeast is a key component for improving thyroid function; in Group C, FT3 increased to 4.54 pmol / L, FT4 increased to 15.28 pmol / L, and TSH decreased to 4.38 μIU / mL, indicating that inositol indirectly promotes the recovery of thyroid function by improving insulin sensitivity; the combination of the two further restored thyroid function indicators.

[0018] (5) The combination of microbial peptides in this invention can significantly reduce serum inflammatory factor levels and enhance antioxidant capacity. Experiments showed that in study group A of this invention, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β decreased to 47.8, 68.6, and 25.3 pg / mL, respectively, which were 64.8%, 64.9%, and 65.2% lower than those in the model control group, respectively, and the reduction was significantly better than that in each study group; serum SOD activity recovered to 148.2 U / mL, serum MDA decreased to 5.21 nmol / mL, and serum GSH-Px recovered to 552.8 U / mL; thyroid tissue GSH-Px activity recovered to 142.2 U / mgprot, all close to normal levels. This may be because *Lactobacillus reuteri* reduces systemic inflammation by regulating the intestinal flora structure, reducing endotoxin entry into the blood; spirulina peptides and selenium-enriched yeast have direct antioxidant activity, scavenging free radicals and peroxides; and inositol reduces oxidative stress caused by hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia by improving insulin sensitivity. All four factors work together to enhance anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

[0019] In summary, this invention, through the scientific combination of *Lactobacillus reuteri*, spirulina peptides, inositol, and selenium-enriched yeast, demonstrates excellent effects in four aspects: improving insulin resistance, regulating the HPA axis, balancing sex hormones, and restoring thyroid function. Experiments show that the complete formulation of this invention reduces HOMA-IR by 63.8%, serum cortisol by 45.1%, restores the E2 / T ratio from 0.11 to 0.54, restores thyroid function indicators to near-normal levels, and reduces inflammatory factors by over 64%, providing a novel combined microbial peptide solution for multi-target improvement of the endocrine system. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of this invention patent will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] 1. Combined formulations and their preparation The formula is shown in Table 1.

[0022] Table 1. Composition of different combined formulations (unit: g)

[0023] The specific preparation method is as follows: S1. *Lactobacillus reuteri* ( Limosilactobacillus reuteri CICC 6127 was inoculated into MRS liquid medium and anaerobically cultured at 30°C (anaerobic bag, anaerobic gas generating kit) until OD. 600 The concentration was approximately 2.5. The fermentation broth was centrifuged at 4℃ and 5000 rpm for 15 min, and the cell pellet was collected. The cell pellet was resuspended in PBS (pH 7.2), washed twice, and centrifuged again. A cryoprotectant solution (containing 10% skim milk, 5% trehalose, and 2% sodium ascorbate) was added, and the mixture was mixed in equal volumes. The bacterial suspension was aliquoted into cryovials, pre-frozen at -40℃ for 4 h, and then transferred to a freeze dryer (vacuum ≤ 10 Pa). The freeze-dried product was sublimated at -40℃ until the water content was below 3%. Maltodextrin was added to adjust the viable cell count in the freeze-dried powder to 2.3 × 10⁻⁶. 11 The cfu / g yields the Lactobacillus reuteri powder. S2. Spirulina peptide (Fufeng Sinote Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), inositol, selenium-enriched yeast (Shandong Pingju Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), xylooligosaccharide and maltodextrin are passed through an 80-mesh sieve and mixed at 30 rpm for 15 min in a three-dimensional mixer; Lactobacillus reuteri powder is added and mixing is continued for 20 min to obtain the combined preparation.

[0024] 2. Therapeutic effects of different combined preparations on rats with endocrine disorders 2.1 Experimental Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the combined formulation on a rat model of combined induced endocrine disorder.

[0025] 2.2 Laboratory Animals SPF-grade female SD rats, 8-9 weeks old, weighing 220±20g. Animals were housed in an environment with a temperature of 23±2℃, relative humidity of 55±10%, and 12h light / 12h darkness, with free access to food and water. Experiments began after 7 days of acclimatization.

[0026] 2.3 Test Methods An endocrine disorder model was constructed using a composite modeling approach. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, dissolved in sesame oil), 6 mg / 100 g body weight, was injected subcutaneously once daily for 28 days to induce polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-like endocrine disorders. Simultaneously, a high-sugar, high-fat diet (50% regular feed, 25% lard, 15% sucrose, 5% cholesterol, 1% sodium cholate, and 4% egg yolk powder) was administered freely for 28 days to induce insulin resistance. From days 15 to 28, a 4-hour restraint stress period (09:00-13:00) was applied daily to induce HPA axis overactivation (elevated cortisol).

[0027] On day 29 of modeling, after fasting for 12 hours, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FINS) were measured in rats, and HOMA-IR was calculated as FBG × FINS / 22.5. Serum cortisol (CORT), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) were also measured. A successful model was defined as HOMA-IR ≥ 3.5, CORT ≥ 150 ng / mL, E2 ≤ 15 pg / mL, and T ≥ 70 ng / dL.

[0028] Qualified model rats were selected and randomly divided into groups of 10 rats each. All groups received the drug via gavage at a fixed time each morning (9:00-10:00), with a gavage volume of 0.5 mL / 100 g·bw, for 8 consecutive weeks. All preparations and distilled water were prepared to the appropriate concentrations with distilled water before use. The grouping and administration regimens are as follows: Blank control group (NC): Normal feed + daily gavage with an equal volume of distilled water, serving as the normal control.

[0029] Model control group (MC): high-sugar, high-fat diet + daily gavage with an equal volume of distilled water; Study Group A: High-sugar, high-fat diet + daily gavage administration of Study A preparation 1000 mg / kg·bw.

[0030] Study Group B: High-sugar, high-fat diet + daily gavage administration of Study B formulation 1000 mg / kg·bw.

[0031] Study Group C: High-sugar, high-fat diet + daily gavage administration of Study Group C preparation 1000 mg / kg·bw.

[0032] Study Group D: High-sugar, high-fat diet + daily gavage administration of Study D formulation 1000 mg / kg·bw.

[0033] The model control group and each drug administration group were continuously given a high-sugar, high-fat diet during the drug administration period to maintain insulin resistance. DHEA injection and restraint stress were stopped at the end of the modeling process on day 28.

[0034] 2.4 Detection Indicators a. Weight and food intake: Record weight and food intake weekly and calculate weight gain.

[0035] b. Glucose metabolism indicators: At the end of weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8, after fasting for 12 hours, fasting blood glucose (FBG, glucose oxidase method) was measured by collecting blood from the tail vein; fasting insulin (FINS, rat insulin ELISA kit) was measured by collecting blood from the abdominal aorta; HOMA-IR was calculated as FBG × FINS / 22.5. At the end of week 8, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed: 2 g / kg bw glucose was administered by gavage, and blood glucose was measured at 0, 30, 60, and 120 minutes, and AUC was calculated.

[0036] c. Serum endocrine hormones: Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta at the end of week 8. Serum was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 min and measured by ELISA: cortisol (CORT), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4).

[0037] d. Serum antioxidant indicators: Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta at the end of week 8. Serum was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 min. Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were determined by colorimetric method.

[0038] e. Antioxidant indicators of thyroid tissue: At the end of week 8, 50 mg of thyroid tissue was taken, added to 450 μL of ice-cold PBS homogenate, centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min, and the supernatant was collected. The activities of SOD, MDA and GSH-Px were measured in the same way.

[0039] f. Serum inflammatory factors: Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta at the end of week 8. Serum was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 10 min. TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were measured by ELISA.

[0040] The results are shown in Table 2-6.

[0041] Table 2. Effects of different combined formulations on changes in rat body weight (x) ±s, n=10, g)

[0042] As shown in Table 2, the weight gain in the model control group was 122.2 ± 15.6 g, which was 140.6% higher than that in the blank control group (P < 0.01). This indicates that the combination of high-sugar and high-fat diet with DHEA and restraint stress successfully induced abnormal weight gain related to metabolic disorders.

[0043] In this study, group A experienced a weight gain of 60.7±7.2g, a 50.3% decrease compared to the model control group and a further 31.5% decrease compared to group B (without inositol and selenium-enriched yeast), demonstrating the synergistic weight loss effect of inositol and selenium-enriched yeast. Group C experienced a weight gain of 74.3±9.4g, a 16.1% decrease compared to group B; group D experienced a weight gain of 78.7±9.6g, an 11.1% decrease compared to group B. This indicates that the two new active ingredients independently contributed to the weight loss effect, and the weight loss in group A was greater than the sum of the weight loss in groups C and D, further demonstrating a synergistic effect. Furthermore, the superior weight loss in group C compared to group D suggests that inositol's contribution to weight control is more significant than that of selenium-enriched yeast, which may be related to inositol's direct enhancement of insulin sensitivity and improvement of glucose metabolism.

[0044] Table 3. Effects of different combined preparations on glucose metabolism parameters in rats (x) ±s, n=10, g)

[0045] As shown in Table 3, the HOMA-IR of the model control group was 27.82±3.96, which was 908% higher than that of the blank control group (P<0.01), indicating that the modeling successfully induced severe insulin resistance.

[0046] In this study, the HOMA-IR in group A decreased to 10.06±1.34, a reduction of 63.8% compared to the model control group, a further reduction of 43.4% compared to group B (without inositol and selenium-enriched yeast), a further reduction of 27.7% compared to group C (with inositol only) (P<0.05), and a further reduction of 33.2% compared to group D (with selenium-enriched yeast only), demonstrating a synergistic effect of inositol and selenium-enriched yeast. The HOMA-IR in group C (with inositol) was 13.92, a reduction of 21.6% compared to group B; the HOMA-IR in group D (with selenium-enriched yeast) was 15.06, a reduction of 15.2% compared to group B. This indicates that inositol and selenium-enriched yeast independently contributed to improving insulin resistance, and the improvement in group A compared to group B was greater than the sum of the improvements in groups C and D, further demonstrating the synergistic effect. In addition, the improvement in HOMA-IR in group C was greater than that in group D, indicating that inositol had a more significant effect on improving insulin sensitivity than selenium-enriched yeast. This may be because inositol directly participates in the insulin signaling pathway, while selenium-enriched yeast mainly improves insulin action indirectly through antioxidant effects.

[0047] Table 4. Effects of different combined preparations on serum endocrine hormone levels in rats (x) ±s, n=10, g)

[0048] As shown in Table 4, in the model control group, CORT increased to 192.8±15.4 ng / mL, the E2 / T ratio decreased to 0.11±0.02, TSH increased to 6.88±0.76 μIU / mL, FT3 decreased to 2.87±0.39 pmol / L, and FT4 decreased to 9.28±1.26 pmol / L, indicating that the modeling successfully induced HPA axis overactivation, PCOS-like sex hormone disorder, and hypothyroidism.

[0049] In this study, CORT in group A decreased to 105.8±8.7 ng / mL, a 45.1% reduction compared to the model control group and a further 33.2% reduction compared to group B (158.4±12.6 ng / mL), demonstrating that the addition of inositol and selenium-enriched yeast produced an additional effect in reducing cortisol. In group C (with inositol only), CORT decreased to 135.8±10.9 ng / mL, and in group D (with selenium-enriched yeast only), CORT decreased to 142.8±11.4 ng / mL. This may be because GABA produced by *Lactobacillus reuteri* inhibits the overactivation of the HPA axis, inositol reduces the stimulation of the HPA axis by metabolic stress by improving insulin sensitivity, and selenium-enriched yeast regulates the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis by improving thyroid function; all three synergistically reduce serum cortisol levels.

[0050] In this study, the E2 / T ratio in group A recovered to 0.54±0.08, close to the level of the blank control group, with a recovery rate of 92.5% compared to the model control group. However, the E2 / T ratio in group B only recovered to 0.22±0.04, in group C (with inositol only) to 0.37±0.06, and in group D (with selenium-enriched yeast only) to 0.31±0.04, all significantly lower than in group A. This indicates that the combined use of inositol and selenium-enriched yeast has a far greater effect on improving sex hormone balance than either ingredient alone. This may be because inositol improves insulin sensitivity, reducing the stimulation of ovarian androgen synthesis by hyperinsulinemia; while selenium-enriched yeast improves thyroid function, indirectly promoting the synthesis of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and reducing free testosterone levels; the two work synergistically to restore sex hormone balance.

[0051] In this study, group A showed a decrease in TSH to 2.54±0.33 μIU / mL, an increase in FT3 to 5.37±0.66 pmol / L, and an increase in FT4 to 17.56±2.03 pmol / L, all returning to near-normal levels. In group B, TSH remained at 5.14±0.59 μIU / mL, FT3 was only 3.87±0.46 pmol / L, and FT4 was only 13.18±1.64 pmol / L. In group D (with only selenium-enriched yeast), TSH decreased to 3.87±0.46 μIU / mL, and FT3 increased... The levels of thyroid function were increased to 4.19±0.53 pmol / L and FT4 increased to 14.48±1.74 pmol / L, indicating that selenium-enriched yeast is a key component in improving thyroid function. In study group C (with only inositol), FT3 increased to 4.54±0.59 pmol / L, FT4 increased to 15.28±1.86 pmol / L, and TSH decreased to 4.38±0.51 μIU / mL, indicating that inositol indirectly promotes the recovery of thyroid function by improving insulin sensitivity. The combined use of the two further improved thyroid function indicators, producing a synergistic effect.

[0052] Table 5. Effects of different combined preparations on antioxidant indices in rat serum and thyroid tissue (x) ±s, n=10, g)

[0053] As shown in Table 5, in the model control group, serum SOD activity decreased to 72.1±8.6 U / mL, serum MDA increased to 13.88±1.56 nmol / mL, and serum GSH-Px decreased to 265.8±22.6 U / mL; in thyroid tissue, SOD decreased to 38.7±4.2 U / mgprot, MDA increased to 5.68±0.64 nmol / mgprot, and GSH-Px decreased to 68.1±6.9 U / mgprot, indicating that modeling caused severe oxidative stress damage.

[0054] In study group A, serum SOD recovered to 148.2±13.6 U / mL, serum MDA decreased to 5.21±0.56 nmol / mL, and serum GSH-Px recovered to 552.8±45.9 U / mL. In thyroid tissue, SOD recovered to 78.4±7.1 U / mg prot, MDA decreased to 2.08±0.25 nmol / mg prot, and GSH-Px recovered to 142.2±12.3 U / mg prot, all returning to near-normal levels, showing significantly better results than other study groups. In Group D (with only selenium-enriched yeast), thyroid tissue GSH-Px recovered to 118.2±10.1 U / mg prot, an increase of 23.6% compared to Group B, demonstrating that selenium-enriched yeast is a key component in improving the local antioxidant status of the thyroid gland. In Group C (with only inositol), serum SOD recovered to 118.2±11.5 U / mL, an increase of 11.9% compared to Group B, indicating that inositol reduces oxidative stress sources by improving glucose metabolism. The combined use of both drugs further restored thyroid tissue GSH-Px to 142.2±12.3 U / mg prot, an increase of 20.3% compared to Group D, demonstrating that inositol also has a synergistic effect on thyroid antioxidant activity by improving the systemic metabolic environment.

[0055] Table 6. Effects of different combined preparations on serum inflammatory factor levels in rats (x) ±s, n=10, g)

[0056] As shown in Table 6, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the model control group increased to 135.8±12.4, 195.6±16.7, and 72.6±7.3 pg / mL, respectively, which were 281.5%, 235.5%, and 257.6% higher than those in the blank control group, indicating that modeling induced a strong systemic inflammatory response.

[0057] In this study, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in group A decreased to 47.8±4.1, 68.6±6.3, and 25.3±2.9 pg / mL, respectively, which were 64.8%, 64.9%, and 65.2% lower than those in the model control group, respectively, showing significantly better results than all other study groups. In Group C (with inositol only), the levels of the three inflammatory factors decreased to 81.4±7.6, 124.3±10.6, and 42.7±4.8 pg / mL, respectively, representing reductions of 17.4%, 16.3%, and 18.0% compared to Group B. In Group D (with selenium-enriched yeast only), the levels of the three inflammatory factors decreased to 87.3±8.4, 132.7±11.4, and 45.3±4.7 pg / mL, respectively, representing reductions of 11.2%, 10.8%, and 13.1% compared to Group B. This indicates that inositol and selenium-enriched yeast independently contributed to the anti-inflammatory effect, and the anti-inflammatory magnitude of Group A was greater than that of Group B than the sum of the anti-inflammatory magnitudes of Groups C and D, further demonstrating a synergistic effect. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effect of Group C was better than that of Group D, indicating that the contribution of inositol in reducing metabolic inflammation by improving insulin sensitivity was more significant than that of selenium-enriched yeast in reducing oxidative stress inflammation through antioxidant effects.

[0058] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A combined bacterial and peptide preparation for improving the endocrine system, characterized in that, By weight, it is prepared from the following ingredients: 15-25 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder, 30-50 parts of Spirulina peptide, 8-15 parts of Inositol, 5-12 parts of Selenium-enriched yeast, 10-20 parts of Xylooligosaccharide, and 3-8 parts of Maltodextrin.

2. The combined bacterial and peptide preparation for improving the endocrine system according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight, it is prepared from the following ingredients: 20 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri powder, 40 parts of spirulina peptide, 12 parts of inositol, 8 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 15 parts of xylooligosaccharides, and 5 parts of maltodextrin.

3. The combined bacterial and peptide preparation for improving the endocrine system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The viable count of the *Lactobacillus rhubarb* powder was 2.3 × 10⁻⁶. 11 cfu / g.

4. The use of the combined bacterial and peptide preparation for improving the endocrine system as described in any one of claims 1-3 in the preparation of products that improve the function of the endocrine system.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The improvement of the endocrine system includes at least one of improving insulin resistance, reducing serum cortisol levels, improving polycystic ovary syndrome-related hormonal imbalances, and improving hypothyroidism.

6. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The product is a raw material for health food or functional food.

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