An electrically powered pneumatic tourniquet for preventing paradoxical embolism in extracorporeal interventions

Abstract

This invention discloses an interventional, extracorporeal, electrically operated pneumatic tourniquet for preventing ectopic embolism. It includes a control box and five airbag assemblies, each corresponding to one of the five fingers / toes of the human body. The internal contours of the airbag assemblies are adapted to the anatomical shape of the five fingers / toes. A pressure sensor is installed within each airbag assembly. The control box adjusts the pressure within the airbag assembly based on data collected by the pressure sensor and a preset pressure range. Each airbag assembly includes a ring-shaped airbag body and an air cavity formed at the center of the airbag body. The air cavity is connected to an air pump via an air delivery tube or to adjacent airbag assemblies via an air inlet tube. Multiple spiral-shaped flow channels are formed on the surface of the airbag body that contacts the skin, and these flow channels are arranged along the longitudinal axis of the fingers / toes. This design can adapt to different finger / toe anatomy and individual arterial pressure differences, effectively preventing ectopic embolism and reducing the risk of finger / toe necrosis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically to an interventional external-use electric pneumatic tourniquet for preventing ectopic embolism. Background Technology

[0002] When performing interventional embolization procedures on the hand or foot, it is necessary to effectively block the blood supply to the five fingers / toes in order to ensure a clear view of the surgical area and prevent embolic material from spreading to other parts of the body with the blood flow.

[0003] However, existing methods of blood supply blocking have many shortcomings: Poor adaptability: Traditional tourniquets are mostly universal and not designed for the anatomical shape of the five fingers / toes. They are difficult to accurately adapt to the special shape and size of the five fingers / toes, which can easily lead to uneven pressure distribution. Not only can they not achieve a good blood supply blocking effect, but they can also easily cause local pressure damage or incomplete blood supply blocking, resulting in leakage of embolization drugs or unnecessary damage to the limb. The lack of anti-embolism mechanisms: relying solely on simple compression to block blood flow, while prolonged blood flow blockage increases the risk of blood stasis and thrombus formation. Once a thrombus breaks off, it may cause serious ectopic embolism complications. Furthermore, the lack of real-time monitoring of the blood flow blockage status makes it impossible to detect abnormalities in time, posing a huge threat to the patient's life and health. Coarse pressure control: Existing tourniquets lack precise and effective pressure monitoring and adjustment mechanisms, and cannot adjust the pressure in real time according to the individual differences of patients and the progress of surgery. They are prone to tissue damage due to excessive pressure, or insufficient pressure to effectively block blood supply, making it difficult to meet the precision needs of clinical surgery.

[0004] Therefore, developing an electric pneumatic tourniquet that can precisely block blood flow to the five fingers / toes, effectively prevent ectopic embolism, and has intelligent pressure control function is of great clinical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electric pneumatic tourniquet for interventional extracorporeal use to prevent ectopic embolism. Through precise pressure control and a unique anti-ectopic embolism design, it can safely and effectively block the blood supply to the five fingers / toes, minimize the risk of ectopic embolism, and provide a reliable guarantee for the smooth progress of interventional embolization surgery.

[0006] The aforementioned interventional extracorporeal anti-ectopic tourniquet includes a control box and five airbag assemblies. The five airbag assemblies correspond one-to-one with the five fingers / toes of the human body, and the internal contour of the airbag assembly is adapted to the anatomical shape of the five fingers / toes of the human body. A pressure sensor is installed in the airbag assembly. The control box is used to adjust the pressure in the airbag assembly according to the data collected by the pressure sensor and the preset pressure range. The airbag assembly includes an annular airbag body and an air cavity formed at the center of the airbag body. The air cavity is connected to an air pump through an air delivery tube or to an adjacent airbag assembly through an air inlet tube. Multiple spiral-shaped flow channels are formed on the side of the airbag body that contacts the skin. These flow channels are arranged along the longitudinal axis of the fingers / toes.

[0007] Furthermore, the control box includes a box body and a control module, an electric air pump, and an electromagnetic proportional valve disposed within the box body. The input terminal of the control module is connected to the output terminal of the pressure sensor, and the output terminal of the control module is connected to the control terminals of the electric air pump and the electromagnetic proportional valve. The air outlet of the electric air pump is connected to the air supply pipe, and the electromagnetic proportional valve is disposed between the electric air pump and the air supply pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, a power switch is provided on the front surface of the enclosure, an inclined surface is formed between the front and top surfaces of the enclosure, an input button is provided on the inclined surface, and a touch screen is provided on the top surface of the enclosure. Both the input button and the touch screen are electrically connected to the control module.

[0009] Furthermore, an interface component is provided on the side wall of the enclosure, which is used to realize the communication connection between the control module and the DSA device.

[0010] Furthermore, a temperature sensor and a blood oxygen saturation sensor are also provided on the surface of the airbag body on the side that contacts the skin. The signal output terminals of the temperature sensor and the blood oxygen saturation sensor are electrically connected to the input terminal of the control module.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the airbag body that contacts the skin is also evenly distributed with pores.

[0012] Furthermore, the vent holes are distributed on both sides of the flow channel, and the diameter of the vent holes is 10-100μm.

[0013] Furthermore, a pressure relief valve is also provided on the airbag body, which is used to release pressure when the air pressure in the air chamber exceeds a preset threshold.

[0014] Furthermore, the width of the flow channel is 0.8-1.2 mm and the depth is 0.5 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the control box adjusts the pressure within the airbag assembly based on data collected by the pressure sensor and a preset pressure range as follows: Step 1: Obtain the actual pressure value collected by the pressure sensor and compare it with the preset personalized target pressure value. Calculate the pressure deviation ΔP and record the deviation change trend of three consecutive samples to determine the type of pressure fluctuation. Step 2: Based on the correspondence between the pressure deviation ΔP and the inflation volume control logic, inflate the airbag assembly and monitor the inflation rate. Step 3: Control the opening degree of the electromagnetic proportional valve according to the pressure deviation ΔP and the pressure fluctuation amplitude. Step 4: Dynamically adjust the PID parameters according to the trend of pressure deviation changes; Step 5: After each adjustment, collect pressure data in real time using a pressure sensor to verify the adjustment effect. If the pressure deviation ΔP still exceeds the deviation threshold after three consecutive samplings, repeat the above adjustment steps until the pressure stabilizes within the target range.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention employs a personalized, fitted airbag component 6 to ensure precise blockage of blood supply to the five fingers / toes, thereby improving the safety and success rate of the surgery.

[0017] 2. This invention combines personalized airbags with adaptive pressure control to achieve real-time monitoring and precise adjustment of pressure, which can adapt to different finger / toe anatomy and individual arterial pressure differences, meeting the needs of different patients and surgical scenarios.

[0018] 3. This invention employs a spiral flow channel, a microcirculation strategy, and a pressure relief buffer structure to form a unique anti-ectopic embolism mechanism. This mechanism can prevent blood stasis and thrombus formation, as well as prevent tissue damage caused by abnormal pressure, thereby effectively reducing the risk of ectopic embolism and protecting the patient's life and health.

[0019] 4. This invention can promptly detect problems such as tissue ischemia and abnormal pressure through a multi-dimensional intelligent monitoring and alarm system. This not only significantly reduces the incidence of tissue damage, but also provides medical staff with comprehensive and timely surgical information, facilitating the timely detection and handling of abnormal situations. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the airbag assembly; Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating the control principle of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the use of this invention.

[0021] The components in the diagram are as follows: 1. Housing; 2. Power switch; 3. Input button; 4. Touch screen; 5. Air supply tube; 6. Airbag assembly; 601. Airbag body; 602. Air chamber; 603. Flow channel; 604. Vent hole; 605. Pressure relief valve; 7. Vent tube; 8. Pressure sensor; 9. Temperature sensor; 10. Blood oxygen saturation sensor; 11. Indicator light group; 12. Interface assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments and working principles of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, an electric pneumatic tourniquet for extracorporeal intervention to prevent ectopic embolism includes a control box and five airbag assemblies 6. The five airbag assemblies 6 correspond one-to-one with the five fingers / toes of the human body, and the internal contour of the airbag assembly 6 is adapted to the anatomical shape of the five fingers / toes of the human body. A pressure sensor 8 is provided in the airbag assembly 6. The control box is used to adjust the pressure in the airbag assembly 6 according to the data collected by the pressure sensor 8 and the preset pressure range.

[0024] In practice, the airbag components 6 are custom-designed to correspond to the anatomical shapes of the thumb / toe to the little finger / toe, using medical-grade high-elasticity silicone material to ensure a tight fit with the finger / toe surface and achieve uniform pressure distribution. During use, they can be directly slipped onto each finger / toe, or equipped with an adjustable Velcro strap for external fixation to accommodate limb sizes of patients of different ages and body types. Each airbag component 6 supports individual or simultaneous inflation control, adapting to different surgical needs such as unilateral finger / toe or bilateral five fingers / toes. The airbag components adopt a disposable aseptic packaging structure, allowing for direct disposal after use, avoiding contamination of the surgical area and meeting surgical aseptic requirements.

[0025] from Figure 1 and Figure 3It can also be seen that the control box includes a box body 1 and a control module, an electric air pump, and an electromagnetic proportional valve disposed within the box body 1. The input end of the control module is connected to the output end of the pressure sensor 8, and the output end of the control module is connected to the control ends of the electric air pump and the electromagnetic proportional valve. The air outlet of the electric air pump is connected to the air supply pipe 5. The electromagnetic proportional valve is disposed between the electric air pump and the air supply pipe 5. A power switch 2 for controlling the power on and off of the entire control box is provided on the front surface of the box body 1. An inclined surface is formed between the front surface and the top surface of the box body 1, and an input button 3 is provided on the inclined surface. A touch screen 4 is provided on the top surface of the box body 1. Both the input button 3 and the touch screen 4 are electrically connected to the control module. An indicator light group 11 electrically connected to the control module is also provided on the front surface of the box body 1. An interface component 12 is also provided on the side wall of the box body 1. The interface component 12 is used to realize the communication connection between the control module and the DSA device.

[0026] In implementation, the control module uses an ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller, which can store patient information, surgical parameters, pressure and monitoring data curves for easy surgical traceability; it supports USB and Bluetooth 5.0 communication, allowing it to interface with the hospital's HIS system for data synchronization and remote monitoring. The control module is based on a PID algorithm, dynamically adjusting the air pump inflation volume according to pressure sensor feedback data to regulate the pressure within the airbag assembly 6. The pressure sensor 8 is a high-precision MEMS pressure sensor, with one sensor corresponding to each airbag assembly 6, measuring a range of 0-300 mmHg with an accuracy of ±1 mmHg, capable of real-time acquisition of pressure data within the airbag assembly 6 and transmission to the control box. The touchscreen 4 is a 3.5-inch LCD screen used to display data collected by each sensor and to input surgical parameters and preset pressure ranges. The indicator light group 11 uses red / yellow / green to distinguish different levels of abnormality, for example: flashing red light: severe abnormality; flashing yellow light: general abnormality; solid green light: normal. The input button 3 is used to input surgical parameters and preset pressure ranges.

[0027] It should be noted that the indicator light group 11 can also be combined with a buzzer to form an audible and visual alarm, for example: light + continuous buzzer: serious abnormality; yellow light + intermittent buzzer: general abnormality; green light always on: normal. In addition, an emergency control button can be set to realize manual inflation / depressurization and emergency stop, ensuring rapid intervention during the operation.

[0028] In addition, the electric air pump is a miniature brushless electric air pump. The control box dynamically adjusts the inflation volume of the electric air pump and the opening of the electromagnetic proportional valve based on the feedback data from the pressure sensor, thereby realizing the pressure regulation within the airbag assembly 6.

[0029] In practice, the control box adjusts the pressure within the airbag assembly 6 based on the data collected by the pressure sensor 8 and a preset pressure range as follows: Step 1: The control module acquires the real-time pressure value collected by the pressure sensor 8 and compares it with the preset personalized target pressure value. It calculates the pressure deviation ΔP, where ΔP = target pressure - real-time pressure. At the same time, it records the deviation change trend of three consecutive samples to determine whether the pressure fluctuation type is static deviation or dynamic fluctuation. Step 2: Determine the correspondence between the pressure deviation ΔP and the inflation volume control logic. When the pressure deviation ΔP > 2 mmHg, it is determined that inflation is required. The control module outputs a PWM control signal to the miniature brushless electric air pump and adjusts the inflation volume according to the magnitude of the deviation. When ΔP is between 2-5 mmHg, the electric air pump is adjusted to 50% of its rated power for inflation. When ΔP > 5 mmHg, the electric air pump is adjusted to 100% of its rated power for inflation. At the same time, the inflation rate is monitored to ensure that the pressure rise does not exceed 0.05 mmHg per millisecond to avoid a sudden pressure increase. Step 3: When the pressure is too high (ΔP < -2 mmHg) or the pressure fluctuation is ≥ 1 mmHg / 100 ms, open the electromagnetic proportional valve to relieve pressure. Control the opening according to the absolute value of the deviation. When the absolute value of ΔP is between 2 and 5 mmHg, adjust the opening to 30%. When the absolute value of ΔP is > 5 mmHg, adjust the opening to 60%. At the same time, dynamically fine-tune the opening to control the pressure relief rate and ensure that the pressure drops smoothly. When ΔP is within ±2 mmHg, control the electromagnetic proportional valve to maintain a minimum opening of 10% to maintain stable pressure in the airbag and compensate for minor leakage. Step 4: Dynamically adjust the PID parameters according to the pressure deviation change trend. The proportional coefficient Kp is adaptively switched in the range of 0.3-0.8, the integral coefficient Ki is fixed at 0.05, and the derivative coefficient Kd is switched in the range of 0.1-0.3. When there is static deviation, increase Kp to improve the response speed, and when there is dynamic fluctuation, increase Kd to suppress overshoot. Step 5: After each adjustment, pressure data is collected in real time through pressure sensor 8 to verify the adjustment effect. If the pressure deviation ΔP still exceeds the deviation threshold after 3 consecutive samplings, the above adjustment steps are repeated until the pressure stabilizes within the target range, and finally the pressure fluctuation range is controlled within ±2mmHg.

[0030] The pressure regulation process described above can adapt to the pressure differences in the proper arteries of the fingers / toes among different patients, ensuring the effectiveness of blood supply blockade. Simultaneously, during inflation, the control module automatically controls the electric air pump to perform a micro-inflation-depressurization cycle at regular intervals. During depressurization, the pressure fluctuation is ±5 mmHg for 10 seconds, further promoting blood circulation and reducing the risk of thrombosis.

[0031] like Figure 2As shown, the airbag assembly 6 includes an annular airbag body 601 and an air cavity 602 formed at the center of the airbag body 601. The air cavity 602 is connected to the air pump through the air supply pipe 5 or to the adjacent airbag assembly 6 through the air inlet pipe 7, or the air cavities 602 of the adjacent airbag assembly 6 are not connected. The specific design is selective according to the need for individual inflation or simultaneous inflation. Multiple spiral guide channels 603 are formed on the surface of the airbag body 601 that contacts the skin. The guide channels 603 are arranged along the longitudinal axis of the fingers / toes.

[0032] Preferably, the width of the flow channel 603 is 0.8-1.2 mm and the depth is 0.5 mm.

[0033] Through multiple spiral-shaped drainage channels 603, when blood supply is blocked by air inflation, the pressure difference guides blood to circulate slowly within the fingers / toes at a speed of 0.1-0.3 cm / s, preventing local blood pooling. It also forms an anti-slip structure to prevent displacement during surgery.

[0034] Furthermore, the surface of the airbag 601 that contacts the skin is also evenly distributed with vent holes 604.

[0035] The air pores distributed on the surface of the airbag that comes into contact with the skin ensure that the skin can breathe.

[0036] Preferably, the vent holes 604 are distributed on both sides of the flow channel 603, and the diameter of the vent holes 604 is 10-100μm.

[0037] Furthermore, a pressure relief valve 605 is also provided on the airbag body 601, which is used to relieve pressure when the air pressure in the air chamber 602 exceeds a preset threshold.

[0038] By setting the pressure relief valve 605, when the air pressure in the air chamber 602 exceeds the preset threshold, such as 110% of the preset pressure, or when the pressure rises abnormally, the pressure will be automatically released to prevent tissue damage due to excessive compression.

[0039] In order to form multi-dimensional monitoring to fully perceive the status of fingers / toes during surgery, a temperature sensor 9 and a blood oxygen saturation sensor 10 are also provided on the surface of the airbag 601 on the side that contacts the skin. The signal output terminals of the temperature sensor 9 and the blood oxygen saturation sensor 10 are electrically connected to the input terminal of the control module.

[0040] The temperature sensor 9 is used to monitor the skin temperature at the fingertips / toes in real time, and the blood oxygen saturation sensor 10 is used to monitor the blood oxygen level at the fingertips / toes in real time, thereby accurately sensing the tissue ischemia state. Through correlation analysis of the tissue ischemia state, pressure sensor data, and contrast agent extravasation state, pressure parameters can be automatically optimized to ensure the blood supply blocking effect.

[0041] For example, the process of automatically optimizing pressure parameters by analyzing the correlation between tissue ischemia, pressure sensor data, and contrast agent extravasation can be achieved as follows: Step A1: Before the operation, establish a linkage connection between the control box and the DSA equipment through the interface component 12. The control module synchronously calibrates the time axis so that the pressure data and the DSA angiography image frame correspond precisely according to the timestamp. At the same time, the contrast agent spillage judgment criteria are preset, and the contrast agent is classified into three levels: no spillage, slight spillage, and severe spillage, according to the degree of blurring of the blood vessel edge in the angiography image and the gray value of the contrast agent in the non-target area. Step A2: When the DSA device starts the contrast scan, it automatically triggers the high-frequency acquisition mode of pressure data. The sampling frequency of pressure sensor 8 is increased from 10Hz to 50Hz, and the airbag pressure data during the contrast scan is continuously acquired to form a pressure time series curve. At the same time, the DSA contrast scan image sequence is acquired and transmitted to the server for image analysis. Step A3: The server identifies the contrast agent spillage level using an image grayscale thresholding method. If the target finger / toe blood vessel edge is clear and there is no contrast agent grayscale signal in the non-target area, it is determined to be no spillage; if the edge is slightly blurred and the grayscale value of the non-target area is less than 50% of the threshold, it is determined to be slight spillage; if the edge is severely blurred and the grayscale value of the non-target area is greater than 50% of the threshold, it is determined to be severe spillage. Simultaneously, the average pressure and fluctuation amplitude data for the corresponding time period are extracted to establish a "spillage level - pressure parameter" correlation model. Step A4: The control module dynamically adjusts the pressure parameters according to the spillage level. In case of slight spillage, the corresponding airbag pressure is increased in increments of 5 mmHg to avoid sudden pressure rises that could damage tissue. In case of severe spillage, the pressure is increased in increments of 10 mmHg, while the pressure stabilization observation time is shortened and DSA imaging is triggered again for verification. In case of no spillage, the current pressure parameters are maintained, and the pressure baseline value is recorded after every 3 imaging sessions to compensate for the airbag's elasticity decay. Step A5: After pressure adjustment, restart the DSA angiography scan and repeat steps A2-A3 to verify the overflow improvement effect until the angiography shows no overflow. Fix the current pressure parameter as the personalized target pressure, update the target parameter of the PID closed-loop control synchronously, switch back to the normal pressure sampling frequency synchronously, stop the air pump from charging, and maintain the electromagnetic proportional valve at 10% minimum opening to compensate for minor leakage.

[0042] Step A6: During the procedure, the control module automatically initiates a calibration process every 30 minutes. First, it compares the current balloon pressure value with the fixed target pressure value using a pressure sensor to calculate the pressure drop. If the drop is ≤2 mmHg, it replenishes the pressure by micro-inflating the air pump (20% of the air pump's rated power) and observes the pressure for 10 seconds after replenishment. If the drop is >2 mmHg, it replenishes the pressure to the target pressure and then triggers a simplified DSA angiography (2 seconds). After verifying that the blockage effect has not changed, it updates the pressure reference value to compensate for pressure loss caused by balloon elasticity decay and slight leakage, ensuring the accuracy of blood supply blockage throughout the procedure.

[0043] The preset blood oxygen saturation threshold is ≤85%, the temperature threshold is ≤32℃ or ≥38℃, and the pressure fluctuation threshold is ≥10mmHg / minute. When the monitored data exceeds the threshold, an abnormal warning is immediately triggered, the pressure optimization process is suspended, and tissue ischemia or abnormal pressure issues are addressed first.

[0044] Based on the above-mentioned electric pneumatic tourniquet, its complete usage procedure in surgery is as follows: S1 Preoperative preparation: Under aseptic conditions, install the disposable airbag assembly 6 and fix it with Velcro straps to ensure a tight fit and no displacement. Connect the airbag assembly 6 to the control module. S2 parameter settings: Input patient information and surgery type via touch screen 3 or input button 4, and preset the baseline pressure threshold and monitoring threshold based on the preoperative DSA angiography results; S3 Adaptive Pressure Calibration: The equipment automatically inflates to the baseline pressure, and optimizes the target pressure using DSA imaging to determine personalized pressure parameters; S4 Intraoperative monitoring: Pressure sensor 8, temperature sensor 9, and blood oxygen saturation sensor 10 collect data in real time. The control module controls the electric air pump and electromagnetic proportional valve to perform microcirculation strategy to regulate pressure in a cycle, and alarms are triggered by indicator light group 11 when abnormal data is detected. S5 Postoperative Pressure Relief: After the operation, the control module controls the electromagnetic proportional valve to slowly relieve pressure at a rate of 5-10 mmHg / second to avoid blood flow shock caused by sudden pressure drop.

[0045] In summary, the present invention employs a personalized, fitted airbag component 6 to ensure precise blockage of blood supply to the five fingers / toes, improving the safety and success rate of the surgery. Simultaneously, through real-time monitoring and precise adjustment of pressure, it can adapt to different finger / toe anatomy and individual arterial pressure differences, meeting the needs of different patients and surgical scenarios. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of the spiral drainage channel, microcirculation strategy, and pressure relief buffer structure forms a unique anti-ectopic embolism mechanism, preventing blood stasis and thrombus formation, as well as tissue damage caused by abnormal pressure, effectively reducing the risk of ectopic embolism and safeguarding the patient's life and health. Moreover, the multi-dimensional intelligent monitoring and alarm system can promptly detect problems such as tissue ischemia and abnormal pressure, significantly reducing the incidence of tissue damage and providing medical staff with comprehensive and timely surgical information, facilitating timely detection and handling of abnormal situations.

[0046] The technical solution provided by this invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. An electrically powered pneumatic tourniquet for use in an interventional procedure to prevent paradoxical embolism, characterized in that: The system includes a control box and five airbag assemblies (6). The five airbag assemblies (6) correspond one-to-one with the five fingers / toes of the human body, and the internal contour of the airbag assembly (6) is adapted to the anatomical shape of the five fingers / toes of the human body. A pressure sensor (8) is installed in the airbag assembly (6). The control box is used to adjust the pressure in the airbag assembly (6) according to the data collected by the pressure sensor (8) and the preset pressure range. The airbag assembly (6) includes an annular airbag body (601) and an air chamber (602) formed at the center of the airbag body (601). The air chamber (602) is connected to an air pump through an air supply tube (5) or to an adjacent airbag assembly (6) through an air inlet tube (7). Multiple spiral-shaped flow channels (603) are formed on the side surface of the airbag body (601) that contacts the skin. The flow channels (603) are arranged along the longitudinal axis of the fingers / toes.

2. The electric pneumatic tourniquet for extracorporeal interventional use to prevent ectopic embolism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control box includes a box body (1) and a control module, an electric air pump and an electromagnetic proportional valve installed inside the box body (1). The input end of the control module is connected to the output end of the pressure sensor (8). The output end of the control module is connected to the control end of the electric air pump and the electromagnetic proportional valve. The air outlet of the electric air pump is connected to the air supply pipe (5). The electromagnetic proportional valve is installed between the electric air pump and the air supply pipe (5).

3. The motorized pneumatic tourniquet for preventing paradoxical embolism in an interventional extracorporeal use according to claim 2, characterized in that: A power switch (2) is provided on the front surface of the housing (1). An inclined surface is formed between the front surface and the top surface of the housing (1). An input button (3) is provided on the inclined surface. A touch screen (4) is provided on the top surface of the housing (1). The input button (3) and the touch screen (4) are both electrically connected to the control module.

4. The motorized pneumatic tourniquet for preventing paradoxical embolism in interventional extracorporeal use according to claim 2, characterized in that: An indicator light group (11) electrically connected to the control module is also provided on the front surface of the housing (1). An interface component (12) is also provided on the right side wall of the housing (1). The interface component (12) is used to realize the communication connection between the control module and the DSA device.

5. The motorized pneumatic tourniquet for preventing paradoxical embolism in interventional extracorporeal use according to claim 2, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (9) and a blood oxygen saturation sensor (10) are also provided on the side of the airbag (601) that contacts the skin. The signal output terminals of the temperature sensor (9) and the blood oxygen saturation sensor (10) are electrically connected to the input terminal of the control module.

6. The electric pneumatic tourniquet for extracorporeal interventional use to prevent ectopic embolism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the airbag (601) in contact with the skin is also evenly distributed with pores (604).

7. The electric pneumatic tourniquet for extracorporeal interventional use to prevent ectopic embolization according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vent holes (604) are distributed on both sides of the flow channel (603), and the diameter of the vent holes (604) is 10-100μm.

8. The motorized pneumatic tourniquet for intervention in vitro with protection against paradoxical embolism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure relief valve (605) is also provided on the airbag body (601), which is used to release pressure when the air pressure in the air chamber (602) exceeds a preset threshold.

9. The motorized pneumatic tourniquet for intervention in vitro with protection against paradoxical embolism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide channel (603) has a width of 0.8-1.2 mm and a depth of 0.5 mm.

10. The motorized pneumatic tourniquet for invasive extracorporeal anti-embolization according to any of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The control box is used to adjust the pressure inside the airbag assembly (6) according to the data collected by the pressure sensor (8) and the preset pressure range. The steps are as follows: Step 1: Obtain the actual pressure value collected by the pressure sensor (8) and compare it with the preset personalized target pressure value to calculate the pressure deviation ΔP. At the same time, record the deviation change trend of three consecutive samplings to determine the type of pressure fluctuation. Step 2: Based on the correspondence between the pressure deviation ΔP and the inflation control logic, inflate the airbag assembly (6) and monitor the inflation rate. Step 3: Control the opening degree of the electromagnetic proportional valve according to the pressure deviation ΔP and the pressure fluctuation amplitude. Step 4: Dynamically adjust the PID parameters according to the trend of pressure deviation changes; Step 5: After each adjustment, pressure data is collected in real time by pressure sensor (8) to verify the adjustment effect. If the pressure deviation ΔP still exceeds the deviation threshold after 3 consecutive samplings, repeat the above adjustment steps until the pressure stabilizes within the target range.

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