Anesthesia laryngeal mask device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of anesthesia auxiliary device technology, specifically disclosing a pharyngeal ventilation device for anesthesiology, comprising a winged portion, a bite pad portion, and a pharyngeal bend portion. The pharyngeal bend portion has a C-shaped structure, with a main ventilation channel on one side and a secondary ventilation channel on the other side. By setting independent main and secondary ventilation channels inside the pharyngeal bend portion, and opening a lateral channel opening on the inner arc surface of the secondary ventilation channel, ventilation and clinical procedures can be performed simultaneously. The main ventilation channel ensures the patient's normal ventilation needs, while the secondary ventilation channel remains closed under normal conditions and does not affect the main ventilation function. The lateral channel opening allows inserted instruments to slide into the esophagus following the natural curvature of the posterior pharyngeal wall, preventing instruments from kinking at the epiglottis or accidentally entering the trachea, thus improving the success rate of intubation and reducing the incidence of procedure-related complications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anesthesia auxiliary equipment technology, specifically to a pharyngeal ventilation device for anesthesiology. Background Technology

[0002] Oropharyngeal airways are commonly used medical devices in anesthesiology clinics to prevent and relieve upper airway obstruction caused by posterior tongue displacement. They can also be used to prevent patients from biting their endotracheal tubes or tongues, and to assist in procedures such as suctioning oral secretions and inserting gastric tubes. Traditional oropharyngeal airways often employ a single ventilation channel design, providing only basic airway support and ventilation. When procedures such as gastric tube insertion or fiberoptic bronchoscopy are required, the airway often needs to be partially removed or a new operating channel needs to be created, increasing the difficulty and time of the procedure and potentially leading to airway re-obstruction, affecting the patient's ventilation safety. Furthermore, the rigidity of traditional oropharyngeal airways is fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the patient's anatomy and the degree of airway collapse. An overly rigid airway can easily cause mechanical damage to the oral mucosa and pharyngeal tissues, while an overly soft airway cannot provide sufficient support to prevent airway collapse. Meanwhile, traditional oropharyngeal airways lack effective active drainage of oral secretions. During anesthesia, secretions accumulated in the patient's mouth are prone to aspiration, leading to serious complications such as aspiration pneumonia. Furthermore, the airway is often fixed by adhesive tape or binding with straps, which are not very effective and are prone to displacement or slippage. They may also cause pressure damage to the patient's lips and facial skin.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent CN217339666U discloses an oropharyngeal airway suitable for prolonged use. This patent includes a wing, a dental pad, and an oropharyngeal bend. An airway and an auxiliary inlet are provided in the dental pad and oropharyngeal bend, and a gastric tube is detachably installed in the auxiliary inlet. While this patent achieves simultaneous ventilation and gastric tube insertion through the auxiliary inlet, it still has the following shortcomings: First, the outlet of the auxiliary inlet is located at the end of the oropharyngeal bend, making it easy for the gastric tube to kink at the epiglottis or accidentally enter the trachea after exiting from the end outlet, resulting in a low insertion success rate. Second, this design lacks an active drainage structure, making it unable to effectively and promptly clear secretions from the oral cavity, thus still posing a risk of aspiration. Third, the airway body has a fixed rigidity, making it impossible to dynamically adjust according to the patient's actual condition, and it is difficult to balance the smoothness of the intubation process with the effectiveness of airway support. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as low success rate of catheter placement and high incidence of operation-related complications, this invention provides a pharyngeal ventilation device for anesthesiology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pharyngeal ventilation device for anesthesiology, comprising a winged portion, a bite pad portion, and a pharyngeal bend portion. The right side of the winged portion is fixedly connected to the left side of the bite pad portion, and the right side of the bite pad portion is integrally formed with the left side of the pharyngeal bend portion. The pharyngeal bend portion has a C-shaped structure. A main ventilation channel is provided on one side inside the pharyngeal bend portion. A first ventilation opening is provided on the outer side of one end of the pharyngeal bend portion, and the interior of the first ventilation opening is connected to the right end of the main ventilation channel. A secondary ventilation channel is also provided on the other side inside the pharyngeal bend portion, and one end of the secondary ventilation channel penetrates the interior of the bite pad portion and the winged portion. A second ventilation opening is provided on the inner side of one end of the pharyngeal bend portion. A lateral channel opening is also provided on the inner arc surface of the pharyngeal bend portion, and the interior of the lateral channel opening is connected to the interior of the secondary ventilation channel.

[0006] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0007] 1. By setting up independent main and auxiliary ventilation channels inside the pharyngeal bend, and opening a lateral channel opening on the inner arc surface of the auxiliary ventilation channel, ventilation and clinical procedures can be performed simultaneously. The main ventilation channel ensures the patient's normal ventilation needs, while the auxiliary ventilation channel is normally closed and does not affect the main ventilation function. When gastric tube insertion or fiberoptic bronchoscopy guidance is required, the sealing plug can be removed and the corresponding instrument can be inserted through the Luer lock interface. The lateral channel opening allows the inserted instrument to slide into the esophagus following the natural curvature of the posterior pharyngeal wall, avoiding the instrument from being bent at the epiglottis or accidentally entering the trachea, thus improving the success rate of tube insertion and reducing the incidence of operation-related complications.

[0008] 2. By setting longitudinally extending drainage channels on the upper and lower outer arc surfaces of the pharyngeal bend, in conjunction with the diversion channels and guide channels inside the dental pad, a complete active drainage structure for oral secretions is formed. The upper and lower double drainage channels achieve comprehensive collection of secretions from the upper and lower oral regions. The inverted trapezoidal cross-section of the drainage channel can increase the adsorption area of ​​secretions and prevent them from flowing back. The converging distribution of the diversion channels can concentrate and transport the secretions collected by the upper and lower drainage channels to the guide channels. The comb-shaped filter teeth at the entrance of the diversion channels can effectively intercept large particles of foreign matter in the secretions and avoid blockage of the drainage channels.

[0009] 3. By setting up a segmented nickel-titanium alloy mesh and a micro-film resistance heater inside the pharyngeal bend, the rigidity of the airway can be dynamically adjusted. At room temperature, the nickel-titanium alloy mesh is in a martensitic or superelastic state, and its soft texture facilitates the smooth insertion of the airway into the patient's pharynx, reducing tissue damage during intubation. The external control device can selectively supply power to different heating zones, so that the nickel-titanium alloy mesh in the corresponding area is heated to the phase transformation temperature and transformed into an austenitic state, and the elastic modulus is significantly improved. This allows for accurate adjustment of the rigidity of different parts of the pharyngeal bend, providing targeted airway support.

[0010] 4. The elastic expansion bladder set on the outer periphery of the bite pad can fill the gap between the teeth and lips after inflation, thereby axially limiting the airway and preventing it from accidentally slipping out or going too deep. Together with the bite pad, it prevents the patient from biting down on the tube and blocking the airway. The pressure relief valve integrated on the air tube can automatically open to release pressure when the pressure inside the bladder rises abnormally, avoiding pressure damage to the patient's lips, teeth and temporomandibular joint, thus improving the clinical applicability and safety of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pharyngeal ventilation device for anesthesiology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral channel opening and drainage groove structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the diversion channel, the flow distribution channel, and the flow guide channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main ventilation channel and the auxiliary ventilation channel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the nickel-titanium alloy mesh and micro thin-film resistance heater structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic expansion bladder and the sleeved groove structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure, 1. Wing edge; 2. Dental pad; 3. Pharyngeal bend; 4. Elastic expansion bladder; 5. Main ventilation channel; 6. First ventilation opening; 7. Secondary ventilation channel; 8. Second ventilation opening; 9. Lateral channel opening; 10. Connecting reinforcing rib; 11. Drainage groove; 12. Diversion groove; 13. Guide groove; 14. Embedding groove; 15. Nickel-titanium alloy mesh; 16. Miniature thin-film resistance heater; 17. Sleeve groove. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a pharyngeal ventilation device for anesthesiology includes: a wing 1, a bite pad 2, and a pharyngeal bend 3. The right side of the wing 1 is fixedly connected to the left side of the bite pad 2, and the right side of the bite pad 2 is integrally formed with the left side of the pharyngeal bend 3.

[0023] It should be noted that the wing portion 1, the dental pad portion 2, and the pharyngeal bend portion 3 are all integrally molded from medical-grade soft polyvinyl chloride or medical-grade silicone material through injection molding or extrusion processes. This can reduce mechanical stimulation to the patient's oral mucosa while ensuring structural strength. At the same time, the Shore hardness of the materials of the wing portion 1, the dental pad portion 2, and the pharyngeal bend portion 3 is preferably 60-80 degrees to ensure sufficient support to prevent airway collapse in the unheated state, while also producing appropriate deformation under stress to conform to the human anatomical structure.

[0024] Furthermore, the pharyngeal bend 3 has a C-shaped structure, and a main ventilation channel 5 is provided on one side inside the pharyngeal bend 3. One end of the main ventilation channel 5 passes through the interior of the dental pad 2 and the wing 1. A first ventilation opening 6 is provided on the outer side of one end of the pharyngeal bend 3, and the interior of the first ventilation opening 6 is connected to the right end of the main ventilation channel 5.

[0025] Furthermore, a secondary ventilation channel 7 is provided on the other side of the pharyngeal bend 3, and one end of the secondary ventilation channel 7 penetrates the interior of the dental pad portion 2 and the wing portion 1; a second ventilation opening 8 is provided on the inner side of one end of the pharyngeal bend 3, and the interior of the second ventilation opening 8 is connected to the right end of the secondary ventilation channel 7; a lateral channel opening 9 is also provided on the inner arc surface of the pharyngeal bend 3, and the interior of the lateral channel opening 9 is connected to the interior of the secondary ventilation channel 7.

[0026] In addition to the second ventilation opening 8 and the lateral channel opening 9 at the end of the pharyngeal bend 3 for auxiliary ventilation, the auxiliary ventilation channel 7 also has a Luer lock interface at the port on the dorsal side of the wing 1. The Luer lock interface is equipped with a sealing plug, which closes the auxiliary ventilation channel 7 when no additional operation is required. When gastric tube insertion or fiberoptic bronchoscopy guidance is required, the sealing plug can be removed, and a gastric tube or endoscope of the appropriate diameter can be inserted through the Luer lock interface. Since the lateral channel opening 9 of the auxiliary ventilation channel 7 is located on the inner arc surface of the pharyngeal bend 3, this lateral opening setting allows the inserted gastric tube to slide naturally into the esophagus according to the curvature of the posterior pharyngeal wall, avoiding the gastric tube from being kinked at the epiglottis or accidentally entering the trachea, thus improving the success rate of tube insertion.

[0027] Specifically, the structure employs an integral molded structure consisting of the wing portion 1, the bite pad portion 2, and the pharyngeal bend portion 3. The material used is medical-grade soft polyvinyl chloride or medical-grade silicone with a Shore hardness of 60 to 80, manufactured through injection molding or extrusion. The main ventilation channel 5 penetrates the interior of the wing portion 1 and the bite pad portion 2, and connects to the outside through the first ventilation opening 6 on the outer side of the end of the pharyngeal bend portion 3, establishing a core ventilation path to open up the collapsed upper respiratory tract. The secondary ventilation channel 7 is arranged parallel to the main ventilation channel 5, also penetrating the wing portion 1 and the bite pad portion 2, and its end is located within the pharyngeal bend portion 3. The second ventilation opening 8 on the side and the lateral channel opening 9 on the inner arc surface, and the auxiliary ventilation channel 7 port on the dorsal side of the wing 1 are equipped with a Luer lock interface with a sealing plug; during operation, the sealing plug closes the auxiliary ventilation channel 7 without affecting the main ventilation function. When it is necessary to insert a gastric tube or perform fiberoptic bronchoscopy guidance, the sealing plug can be removed and the corresponding instrument can be inserted through the Luer lock interface. The setting of the lateral channel opening 9 on the inner arc surface of the pharyngeal bend 3 allows the inserted instrument to slide into the esophagus in accordance with the natural curvature of the posterior pharyngeal wall, avoiding kinking at the epiglottis or accidental entry into the trachea.

[0028] During use, the one-piece molded structure eliminates the risk of gaps and detachment between components. The accurate selection of material hardness balances airway support and tissue compliance, reducing mechanical stimulation to the oral mucosa. The independent secondary ventilation channel and lateral opening allow for simultaneous ventilation and clinical procedures, improving the success rate of gastric tube and endoscope placement and reducing the incidence of operation-related complications.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] Specifically, the upper and lower sides of the pharyngeal bend 3 are provided with drainage grooves 11, the interior of the dental pad 2 is provided with a guide groove 13, and one end of the guide groove 13 penetrates the interior of the dental pad 2 and the wing 1; the right side of the interior of the dental pad 2 is also provided with two diversion grooves 12, and the right ends of the two diversion grooves 12 are respectively connected to the interior of the upper and lower drainage grooves 11, and the left ends of the two diversion grooves 12 are connected to the right end of the guide groove 13.

[0031] The drainage groove 11 extends longitudinally along the outer arc surface of the pharyngeal bend 3, and its groove opening width is smaller than the groove bottom width, forming an inverted trapezoidal cross section, so as to absorb oral secretions; the diversion groove 12 is distributed in a figure-eight or arc-shaped convergence inside the dental pad 2, with its right end inlet aligned with the ends of the upper and lower drainage grooves 11 respectively, and its left end outlet converging and connecting to the guide groove 13.

[0032] In order to prevent viscous substances in oral secretions from clogging the inlet of the diversion channel 12 during use, a number of comb-shaped filter teeth are provided at the connection between the diversion channel 12 and the drainage channel 11. The comb-shaped filter teeth are integrally formed on the inner wall of the dental pad 2 to intercept large particles of foreign matter while allowing liquid to pass through. The guide channel 13 extends to the interface on the outside of the flange 1. This interface can be connected to a negative pressure suction device, thereby forming a continuous drainage path of oral secretions, drainage channel 11, diversion channel 12, guide channel 13, and negative pressure device, effectively preventing aspiration.

[0033] Specifically, longitudinally extending drainage channels 11 are provided on the upper and lower outer arc surfaces of the pharyngeal bend 3. The drainage channels 11 are designed with an inverted trapezoidal cross-section where the width of the opening is smaller than the width of the bottom. The inside of the dental pad 2 is provided with two diversion channels 12 and one guide channel 13. The right ends of the two diversion channels 12 are connected to the ends of the upper and lower drainage channels 11 respectively, and the left ends converge and connect to the guide channel 13. The connection between the diversion channels 12 and the drainage channels 11 is provided with an integrally formed comb-shaped filter tooth. The guide channel 13 extends to the outside of the flange 1 and can be connected to a negative pressure suction device. During operation, secretions in the oral cavity are first collected by the upper and lower distributed drainage channels 11. The inverted trapezoidal cross-section can increase the adsorption area of ​​secretions and prevent them from flowing back. Then, the secretions are collected in the guide channel 13 through the diversion channels 12. The comb-shaped filter tooth can intercept large particles in the secretions and prevent blockage of the inlet of the diversion channels 12. The negative pressure suction device generates continuous negative pressure through the guide channel 13, forming a continuous drainage path from the oral cavity to the negative pressure device.

[0034] During use, the upper and lower drainage channels enable comprehensive collection of secretions from the upper and lower oral regions. The inverted trapezoidal cross-section and converging diversion structure improve drainage efficiency, while the comb-shaped filter teeth effectively prevent blockage of the drainage channels. This allows for timely removal of secretions from the oral cavity, significantly reducing the risk of aspiration during anesthesia and improving the safety of clinical use.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] Specifically, the middle and rear sides of the pharyngeal bend 3 are provided with connecting reinforcing ribs 10, and the interior of each of the two connecting reinforcing ribs 10 is provided with an embedding groove 14. The interior of each of the two embedding grooves 14 is fixedly provided with a nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15, and a micro thin film resistance heater 16 is provided on one side of each of the two nickel-titanium alloy meshes 15.

[0037] It should be noted that the nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15 is made of medical-grade superelastic nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. The austenitic phase transformation end temperature of this alloy material is set between 35℃ and 40℃, so that the alloy mesh is in the martensitic state at room temperature, which is relatively soft and easy to shape or in a superelastic state. When heated to above the phase transformation temperature by the micro-thin film resistance heater 16, the alloy mesh undergoes a martensitic-to-austenitic phase transformation, and its elastic modulus changes significantly, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the hardness of the pharyngeal bend 3. In addition, the surface of the nickel-titanium alloy is electrolytically polished and covered with a dense titanium oxide passivation film to prevent nickel ion precipitation and ensure the safety of long-term implantation or contact.

[0038] It should also be noted that the resistive heating element of the miniature thin-film resistance heater 16 is made of platinum or nickel-chromium alloy film, and the substrate material is polyimide. Polyimide has excellent high temperature resistance, good insulation and excellent flexibility, and can be tightly attached to the surface of nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15 without breaking. The conductor core of the flexible multi-core wire bundle is made of silver-plated copper wire to ensure excellent conductivity. The outer insulation layer is made of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer or polytetrafluoroethylene to ensure electrical safety in the moist environment of the oral cavity.

[0039] The connecting reinforcing ribs 10 and the encapsulation material are made of medical epoxy resin or silicone filled with thermally conductive ceramic powder. While ensuring electrical insulation, the thermal conductivity is significantly improved, so that the heat generated by the micro thin-film resistance heater 16 can be quickly and evenly transferred to the internal nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15, reducing the thermal hysteresis effect and improving the response speed of temperature control.

[0040] Furthermore, the miniature thin-film resistance heater 16 includes a first heating zone disposed inside the rear side of the pharyngeal bend 3 and a second heating zone disposed inside the middle of the pharyngeal bend 3; the first heating zone and the second heating zone are respectively attached to the outer surface of the corresponding nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15. A flexible multi-core wire bundle is provided inside the flange portion 1. The flexible multi-core wire bundle contains at least three wires, one of which is a common ground wire, and the other two are a first control wire and a second control wire, respectively; the first control wire is electrically connected to the first heating zone, and the second control wire is electrically connected to the second heating zone.

[0041] In use, through the parallel circuit structure, the external control device can selectively supply power to only the first control line or the second control line, thereby heating only the rear end or middle section of the pharyngeal bend 3, realizing segmented softening adjustment, and avoiding the overall decrease in support force caused by heating the entire tube.

[0042] Furthermore, the connecting reinforcing rib 10 is made of thermally conductive and insulating material; the depth of the embedded groove 14 is slightly greater than the sum of the thicknesses of the nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15 and the micro thin-film resistance heater 16, so that after the micro thin-film resistance heater 16 covers the outside of the nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15, the whole is encapsulated in the connecting reinforcing rib 10, and the outer surface of the connecting reinforcing rib 10 is flush with or slightly lower than the inner surface of the pipe wall of the main ventilation channel 5 and the secondary ventilation channel 7, so as to ensure the smoothness of the airflow channel.

[0043] In use, the structural design of the connecting reinforcing rib 10 not only fixes the micro thin-film resistance heater 16 and the alloy mesh 15, preventing them from shifting during insertion, but also uses the connecting reinforcing rib 10 as a heat conduction medium to evenly transfer the heat generated by the micro thin-film resistance heater 16 to the nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15. At the same time, the properties of the insulating material are used to prevent current leakage to the patient's oral tissue, ensuring safe use.

[0044] Furthermore, a groove 17 is provided on the side of the surface of the dental pad 2 near the flange 1, and an elastic expansion bladder 4 is provided on the surface of the groove 17. The elastic expansion bladder 4 extends to one side of the flange 1 through an air duct.

[0045] It should be noted that the elastic expansion bladder 4 is made of medical-grade natural latex or latex-free isoprene rubber. It can significantly expand under low internal pressure to fill the gap between the teeth and lips, and can quickly retract and fit into the sleeve groove 17 after deflation, without affecting the removal of the airway. The use of medical-grade natural latex has the advantages of low cost and good elasticity; while the use of isoprene rubber can effectively avoid allergic reactions that may be caused by natural latex, thus improving the clinical applicability of the product. The wall thickness of the bladder is preferably 0.1mm-0.3mm to balance its puncture resistance and softness. Along the path of the airway, near the elastic expansion bladder 4, a pressure relief valve is integrated. The opening pressure of this valve is set to 80kPa. When the pressure inside the bladder increases abnormally due to the patient's biting or changes in body position, the pressure relief valve will automatically open to release pressure, preventing pressure damage to the patient's lips, teeth, or temporomandibular joint, thus achieving passive safety protection.

[0046] The groove 17 is located on the outer circumferential surface of the pad 2 near the flange 1. Its cross-section is in the shape of an "I" or a "T". The root of the elastic expansion bladder 4 is provided with an annular buckle that matches the shape of the groove 17. It is clamped into the groove 17 by interference fit to prevent the bladder from slipping out during inflation. The air guide tube is a double-lumen tube or a coaxial tube structure. Its inner lumen extends into the interior of the elastic expansion bladder 4, and a one-way inflation valve and a pressure gauge are connected to the end located on the outer side of the flange 1.

[0047] When in use, after the pharyngeal bend 3 is inserted into place, medical staff inflate the elastic expansion bladder 4 through the one-way inflation valve, causing it to expand and fill the gap between the patient's teeth and lips, thereby axially limiting the airway and preventing it from accidentally slipping out or going too deep during use. At the same time, it works with the bite pad 2 to prevent the patient from biting the tube flat.

[0048] Specifically, a connecting reinforcing rib 10 is provided in the middle and rear of the pharyngeal bend 3. A nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15 and a micro-film resistance heater 16 attached to its surface are fixed in the embedded groove 14 inside the connecting reinforcing rib 10. The two heating zones are connected to an external control device through the first and second control lines in the flexible multi-core wire bundle, respectively. A sleeve groove 17 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the dental pad 2 near the flange 1. The elastic expansion bladder 4 is snapped into the sleeve groove 17 through the annular buckle at the root and connected to the one-way inflation valve and pressure gauge on the outside of the flange 1 through an air guide tube. A pressure relief valve with an opening pressure of 80 kPa is integrated on the air guide tube. During operation, the nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15 is in a martensitic or superelastic state at room temperature. The soft texture facilitates the smooth insertion of the pharyngeal bend 3 into the patient's pharynx. The external control device can selectively supply power to the first or second heating zone, heating the corresponding area of ​​the nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15 to a phase transformation temperature of 35 to 40 degrees Celsius. After transforming into the austenitic state, the elastic modulus is significantly improved, thereby achieving the adjustment of the hardness of different parts of the pharyngeal bend 3. The connecting reinforcing rib 10 is made of thermally conductive and insulating material, which not only fixes the internal components to prevent displacement, but also quickly and evenly transfers heat and ensures electrical safety. After the tube is in place, the elastic expansion bladder 4 is inflated to fill the gap between the teeth and lips, achieving axial limitation of the airway and preventing it from accidentally slipping out or going too deep. When the pressure inside the bladder rises abnormally, the pressure relief valve automatically opens to release pressure.

[0049] During use, the segmented heating control allows for precise adjustment of the support force at different locations based on the patient's anatomical structure and clinical needs. This ensures both smooth intubation and tissue protection while providing sufficient airway support to prevent collapse. The surface treatment and insulating encapsulation of the nickel-titanium alloy mesh ensure biosafety and electrical safety during long-term contact. The axial limiting and passive decompression settings of the elastic expansion bladder further enhance the reliability of airway fixation, avoiding compressive damage to the lips, teeth, and temporomandibular joint, thus comprehensively improving the clinical applicability and safety of the device.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] Specifically, this embodiment also discloses a method for operating a pharyngeal ventilation device for anesthesiology, including the following steps:

[0052] Step 1: Assist the patient to assume a supine position, tilting the patient's head back appropriately to align the axes of the oral cavity, pharynx, and trachea as much as possible. Clear any foreign objects and secretions from the patient's mouth to facilitate the smooth insertion of the airway. The medical staff holds the wing 1 and aligns the end of the pharyngeal bend 3 with the center of the patient's mouth, slowly inserting it downwards along the natural curve of the tongue. During insertion, keep the C-shaped opening of the pharyngeal bend 3 facing the tongue to avoid forcibly pushing and damaging the oral mucosa and pharyngeal tissues. Continue until the end of the pharyngeal bend 3 reaches the physiological position of the pharynx above the epiglottis. At this point, the main ventilation channel 5 connects to the patient's airway through the first ventilation opening 6, establishing a basic gas exchange pathway.

[0053] Step 2: If the patient has obvious upper airway collapse, connect the external temperature control device to the flexible multi-core wire harness interface inside the flange 1. Depending on the specific location of the airway collapse, selectively supply power to the first control line or the second control line to heat the first heating area on the back side of the pharyngeal bend 3 or the second heating area in the middle, so that the nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15 embedded in the groove 14 of the connecting reinforcing rib 10 in the corresponding area is heated to the phase transformation temperature of 35 to 40 degrees Celsius. After the nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15 changes from the martensitic state to the austenitic state, the elastic modulus is significantly improved, thereby accurately adjusting the hardness of the corresponding part of the pharyngeal bend 3 and providing targeted airway support.

[0054] Step 3: After confirming that the airway is in the correct position and that the airway is unobstructed, slowly inflate the elastic bladder 4 through the one-way inflation valve on the outer side of the flange 1, while observing the pressure gauge readings. Continue inflating until the elastic bladder 4 completely fills the gap between the patient's teeth and lips. At this point, the elastic bladder 4 is securely engaged in the groove 17 of the dental pad 2 via the annular snap at the root, preventing slippage. This not only helps prevent the patient from biting down on the tube and blocking the airway, but also provides axial control of the airway, preventing accidental slippage or excessive insertion. When the pressure inside the bladder exceeds 80 kPa due to changes in the patient's biting or body position, the pressure relief valve integrated on the airway will automatically open to release pressure, avoiding pressure damage to the patient's lips, teeth, and temporomandibular joint.

[0055] Step 4: Connect the catheter of the negative pressure suction device to the guide groove 13 interface on the outer side of the wing 1, turn on the negative pressure suction device and adjust it to a suitable negative pressure value. At this time, the secretions in the patient's mouth will be collected by the drainage grooves 11 on the outer arc surface of the upper and lower sides of the pharyngeal bend 3. The drainage grooves 11 with the inverted trapezoidal cross section can increase the adsorption area and prevent the secretions from flowing back. The secretions then converge into the guide groove 13 through the two diversion grooves 12 distributed in a converging manner inside the dental pad 2. The comb-shaped filter teeth at the connection between the diversion groove 12 and the drainage groove 11 will intercept large foreign objects in the secretions to prevent the drainage channel from being blocked. Finally, the secretions are discharged from the body through the negative pressure suction device.

[0056] Step 5: If gastric tube insertion or fiberoptic bronchoscopy guidance is required during the procedure, first remove the sealing plug at the port of the secondary ventilation channel 7 on the dorsal side of the wing 1. Insert the gastric tube or endoscope of the corresponding diameter into the secondary ventilation channel 7 through the Luer lock interface. After the instrument advances along the secondary ventilation channel 7, it will pass through the lateral channel opening 9 on the inner arc surface of the pharyngeal bend 3 and slide into the esophagus following the natural curvature of the posterior pharyngeal wall. This effectively avoids the instrument from being bent at the epiglottis or accidentally entering the trachea. After the procedure is completed, the instrument can be retained or removed according to clinical needs. Re-insert the sealing plug to close the secondary ventilation channel 7 to restore normal ventilation.

[0057] Step Six: Continuously monitor the patient's vital signs and ventilation status, regularly check the patency of the main ventilation channel 5 and the auxiliary ventilation channel 7, promptly remove any secretions that may be attached to the inner wall of the channels, observe the working status of the negative pressure drainage structure, and promptly check and remove foreign objects at the comb-shaped filter teeth if drainage is obstructed. Regularly monitor the pressure of the elastic expansion bladder 4, and adjust by supplementing or deflating it as necessary. Adjust the heating temperature and area of ​​the nickel-titanium alloy mesh 15 in real time according to changes in the patient's airway condition to maintain the best airway support effect.

[0058] Step 7: After the surgery is completed and the patient's consciousness and spontaneous breathing have recovered well, first turn off the negative pressure suction device and the external temperature control device. Then, completely release the gas in the elastic expansion bladder 4 through the one-way inflation valve, so that the elastic expansion bladder 4 retracts and fits into the sleeve groove 17 of the dental pad part 2. Then, hold the wing part 1 and slowly pull the airway out of the patient's mouth in the opposite direction of insertion. During the removal process, pay attention to the patient's reaction. If there are any abnormalities such as choking or difficulty breathing, stop the operation immediately and take appropriate emergency measures.

[0059] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0061] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A pharyngeal ventilation device for anesthesiology, comprising a winged portion (1), a bite pad portion (2), and a pharyngeal bend portion (3), wherein the right side of the winged portion (1) is fixedly connected to the left side of the bite pad portion (2), and the right side of the bite pad portion (2) is integrally formed with the left side of the pharyngeal bend portion (3), characterized in that, The pharyngeal bend (3) has a C-shaped structure. A main ventilation channel (5) is provided on one side of the pharyngeal bend (3). A first ventilation opening (6) is provided on the outer side of one end of the pharyngeal bend (3). A secondary ventilation channel (7) is also provided on the other side of the pharyngeal bend (3). One end of the secondary ventilation channel (7) penetrates the interior of the dental pad (2) and the wing edge (1). A second ventilation opening (8) is provided on the inner side of one end of the pharyngeal bend (3). A lateral channel opening (9) is also provided on the inner arc surface of the pharyngeal bend (3).

2. The laryngeal airway device of claim 1, wherein, The secondary ventilation channel (7) is arranged parallel to the main ventilation channel (5), and one end of both the secondary ventilation channel (7) and the main ventilation channel (5) penetrates the interior of the flange portion (1) and the pad portion (2); the interior of the first ventilation opening (6) is connected to the right end of the main ventilation channel (5); the interior of the lateral channel opening (9) is connected to the interior of the secondary ventilation channel (7).

3. The laryngeal airway device of claim 1, wherein the distal end of the tube is tapered to a point. The upper and lower sides of the pharyngeal bend (3) are provided with drainage grooves (11), the inside of the dental pad (2) is provided with a guide groove (13), and one end of the guide groove (13) penetrates the inside of the dental pad (2) and the flange (1); the right side of the inside of the dental pad (2) is also provided with two diversion grooves (12), and the right ends of the two diversion grooves (12) are respectively connected to the inside of the upper and lower drainage grooves (11), and the left ends of the two diversion grooves (12) are connected to the right end of the guide groove (13).

4. The laryngeal airway device of claim 3, wherein the distal end of the tube is tapered to a point. The drainage groove (11) extends longitudinally along the outer arc surface of the pharyngeal bend (3), and its groove opening width is smaller than the groove bottom width, forming an inverted trapezoidal cross section.

5. The laryngeal airway device of claim 3, wherein the distal end of the tube is tapered to a point. The diversion channel (12) is distributed in a figure-eight or arc shape inside the tooth pad part (2), with its right end inlet aligned with the ends of the upper and lower diversion channels (11) respectively, and its left end outlet converging and connecting to the guide channel (13).

6. The laryngeal airway device of claim 1, wherein, The middle and rear sides of the pharyngeal bend (3) are provided with connecting reinforcing ribs (10), and the interior of the two connecting reinforcing ribs (10) is provided with an embedding groove (14). The interior of the two embedding grooves (14) is fixedly provided with nickel-titanium alloy mesh (15), and a micro thin film resistance heater (16) is provided on one side of the two nickel-titanium alloy meshes (15).

7. The laryngeal airway device of claim 6, wherein the distal end of the tube is tapered to a point. The micro thin-film resistance heater (16) includes a first heating zone disposed on the rear side inside the pharyngeal bend (3) and a second heating zone disposed in the middle inside the pharyngeal bend (3); the first heating zone and the second heating zone are respectively attached to the outer surface of the corresponding nickel-titanium alloy mesh (15).

8. The laryngeal airway device of claim 7, wherein the distal end of the tube is tapered. The flange portion (1) is provided with a flexible multi-core wire bundle inside. The flexible multi-core wire bundle contains at least three wires, one of which is a common ground wire, and the other two are a first control wire and a second control wire, respectively. The first control wire is electrically connected to the first heating zone, and the second control wire is electrically connected to the second heating zone.

9. The laryngeal airway device of claim 1, wherein, The dental pad (2) has a sleeve groove (17) on the side of the surface near the flange (1), and an elastic expansion bladder (4) is sleeved on the surface of the sleeve groove (17). The elastic expansion bladder (4) extends to one side of the flange (1) through the air duct.

10. The laryngeal airway device of claim 9, wherein the distal end of the tube is tapered to a point. The sleeve groove (17) is located on the outer peripheral surface of the dental pad (2) near the flange (1), and its cross-section is in the shape of an I-shaped or T-shaped structure. The root of the elastic expansion bladder (4) is provided with an annular buckle part that matches the shape of the sleeve groove (17).

Images