Automatic separation and screening device for prunus armeniaca kernels

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of mountain peach processing equipment technology, specifically an automatic separation and screening device for mountain peach kernel shells. The device includes a rotary drive, a screening cylinder, a reciprocating screening chamber, and a discharge control and detection mechanism. The two side walls of the screening cylinder are fixedly connected to the two output shafts of the rotary drive. The reciprocating screening chamber is located inside the screening cylinder, with air separation equipment and a slag discharge structure installed on its two sides. During one rotation of the screening cylinder, the reciprocating screening chamber is in a vertical position twice to reciprocate the screening of the same batch of mountain peach kernels. The discharge control and detection mechanism is connected to both the rotary drive and the screening cylinder, used to restrict the flow of the mountain peach kernels and detect impurity content, thereby controlling the number of reciprocating screenings and the air separation force. This invention enables automatic reciprocating screening without manual material handling, achieving high separation efficiency and purity, and can adaptively adjust screening parameters to ensure stable separation quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mountain peach processing equipment technology, specifically an automatic separation and screening device for mountain peach kernel shells. Background Technology

[0002] Separating the kernels and shells of wild peaches is a crucial step in the processing of wild peaches, directly impacting the product quality and processing efficiency. Currently, after crushing, wild peach kernels are typically separated by air classification. Existing kernel-shell separation and screening devices mostly employ fixed air classification structures, where the material enters through the inlet and passes through the air classification zone only once. For wild peach kernels with uneven particle size distribution and complex kernel-shell mixing after crushing, a single air classification is often insufficient for thorough kernel-shell separation. This necessitates manual transfer of the material to the inlet for multiple screenings, resulting in cumbersome operation, high labor intensity, and low separation efficiency. Furthermore, traditional devices cannot perform real-time monitoring and dynamic control of the separation effect during screening, making it difficult to adaptively adjust screening parameters based on the actual state of the material. This can easily lead to incomplete separation resulting in insufficient product purity, or over-screening causing increased wild peach kernel loss, failing to meet the actual needs of large-scale and high-quality wild peach processing production.

[0003] Existing peach kernel shell separation and screening devices use a fixed single-pass air separation structure, which cannot automatically screen the same batch of materials repeatedly. Manual material transfer and repeated air separation operations are required. Furthermore, there is a lack of real-time detection and adaptive control of the separation effect, resulting in incomplete kernel shell separation, low separation efficiency, and unstable product purity. Therefore, in view of the above situation, there is an urgent need to develop an automatic peach kernel shell separation and screening device to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] An automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells includes a rotary drive device, and further includes:

[0007] A screening cylinder, the two side walls of which are fixedly connected to the two output shafts of the rotary drive device, the rotary drive device being used to drive the screening cylinder to rotate in order to change the working state of the peach kernel screening;

[0008] A reciprocating screening chamber is fixed inside the screening cylinder, and air separation equipment and slag discharge structure are respectively provided on both sides of the reciprocating screening chamber;

[0009] During one rotation of the screening cylinder, the reciprocating screening chamber is in a vertical position twice to reciprocate screening of the same batch of peach kernels;

[0010] And a discharge control and detection mechanism, which is connected to the rotary drive device, the screening cylinder and the air classifier respectively;

[0011] The discharge control and detection mechanism is used to restrict the flow of pecan kernels during the rotation of the screening cylinder and to detect the impurity content in the pecan kernels during the reciprocating screening process, so as to control the number of reciprocating screenings and the wind force intensity of the air separation.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the reciprocating screening chamber includes a storage bin one, a scattered air separation bin, a storage bin two, and a material inlet;

[0013] The first storage bin and the second storage bin are located at opposite ends of the scattered air separation bin, and both the first storage bin and the second storage bin are connected to the scattered air separation bin through the material inlet.

[0014] The two material inlets alternately contact the discharge control and detection mechanism to open and close the storage bins 1 and 2.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: the first storage bin and the second storage bin are respectively provided with an inlet / outlet 2 and an inlet / outlet 1;

[0016] The junctions of the storage bin 1 and the scattered air separation bin on both sides of the feed inlet, as well as the junctions of the scattered air separation bin and the storage bin 2, are all V-shaped structures, so that when the storage bin 1, the scattered air separation bin, and the storage bin 2 are in a vertical state, the pecan kernels can be quickly scattered and air-separated.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention: the air separation device includes:

[0018] A screening fan is fixedly installed on the screening cylinder and is arranged perpendicularly to the reciprocating screening chamber.

[0019] The air classifier blowing chamber is located inside the screening cylinder and is connected to the screening fan via an air outlet. The air classifier blowing chamber is connected to the reciprocating screening chamber via an air outlet plate, and there are multiple air outlet plates.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: the slag discharge structure includes:

[0021] The slag discharge port is located on the screening cylinder and is connected to the reciprocating screening chamber. The slag discharge port is also positioned directly opposite the air outlet plate.

[0022] And a V-shaped impurity guide port, which is connected to the slag discharge port and is located near the reciprocating screening chamber.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes: an elastic member, one end of which is fixedly connected to a side wall of the air classifier blowing chamber near the screening fan;

[0024] An air-guiding and regulating cylinder is fixedly installed at the other end of the elastic element;

[0025] And two receiving grooves, which are located at the two corners of the air classifier blowing chamber, for alternately holding the air guiding and regulating cylinder;

[0026] As the screening cylinder continues to rotate, the air guiding and adjusting cylinder will slide on the inner wall of the air classifier blowing chamber under the tension of the elastic element and its own weight.

[0027] When the reciprocating screening chamber is in a vertical state, the air guiding and adjusting cylinder is located in the receiving groove, and the high-pressure gas in the air separation blowing chamber is sprayed out through all the air outlet plates for air separation operation.

[0028] When the reciprocating screening chamber is in a horizontal state, the elastic element will pull the air guide adjustment cylinder to move towards the middle of the air classifier blowing chamber. At this time, under the blocking and guiding effect of the air guide adjustment cylinder, the high-pressure gas in the air classifier blowing chamber will be blown and cleaned to the inner wall of the reciprocating screening chamber through the air outlet plates on both sides of the air guide adjustment cylinder.

[0029] As a further aspect of the present invention: a purging inclined structure is provided in the reciprocating screening chamber near the V-shaped impurity guide port;

[0030] When the reciprocating screening chamber is in a horizontal state, the screening fan rotates to the top position of the screening cylinder, and the slag discharge port rotates to the bottom position of the screening cylinder, the impurities retained on the inner wall of the reciprocating screening chamber slide down through the sweeping inclined structure into the V-shaped impurity guide port under their own gravity and the blowing action, and are discharged into the slag discharge port.

[0031] As a further aspect of the present invention: the material discharge control and detection mechanism includes a telescopic component and an opening and closing detection unit;

[0032] The number of telescopic components is four, and two telescopic components form a group. The two groups of telescopic components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotary drive device and are parallel to the feeding direction of the walnut kernels during air separation in the reciprocating screening chamber.

[0033] The two sets of telescopic components enclose a square air-separating opening, which is used to smoothly blow impurities to the slag discharge structure during the air separation of pecan kernels.

[0034] The number of opening and closing detection units is two sets, and the two sets of opening and closing detection units are respectively located at the ends of the two sets of telescopic parts, which are used to restrict the flow state of the pecan kernels in the reciprocating screening chamber.

[0035] As a further aspect of the present invention: the opening / closing detection unit includes:

[0036] A telescopic opening and closing plate, wherein the telescopic opening and closing plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic component;

[0037] The telescopic opening and closing plate has a single-sided guide slope and a double-sided guide slope on both sides. The double-sided guide slope is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic component, and a vibration surface is provided on the single-sided guide slope.

[0038] The system includes a detection module, which is connected to the screening cylinder and the double-sided guide slope, and is also connected to the screening fan and the telescopic component via signal connections.

[0039] As a further aspect of the present invention: the detection module includes:

[0040] A screening control system is fixedly installed on the screening cylinder and is connected to the screening fan and the telescopic component by signal. The system is used to control the working state of the screening fan and the telescopic component according to the corresponding rotation position of the screening cylinder.

[0041] And a weight detection unit, which is located on the double-sided guide slope and is signal-connected to the screening control system.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0043] The rotary reciprocating screening structure is adopted. The screening chamber is in a vertical position twice every time the screening cylinder rotates once, realizing automatic reciprocating multiple air separations of the same batch of materials. There is no need for manual material transfer, which greatly improves the efficiency and purity of kernel and shell separation.

[0044] A discharge control and detection mechanism is set up, and the impurity content in the peach kernels is detected in real time through the weight detection department. The screening control system adaptively adjusts the number of reciprocating screenings and the air separation force intensity according to the detection results, which not only ensures the separation quality, but also avoids the efficiency reduction and peach kernel loss caused by over-screening.

[0045] The reciprocating screening chamber adopts a three-section chamber structure consisting of storage bin one, scattered air separation bin and storage bin two. Combined with the V-shaped guide structure on both sides of the material inlet, the material enters the scattered air separation bin in the form of a uniformly dispersed material curtain, which increases the contact area between the material and the airflow and significantly improves the air separation effect.

[0046] By adjusting the position of the cylinder under the action of the elastic tension and its own gravity, the air separation mode and the cleaning mode are automatically switched. This ensures the uniformity and stability of the air field during the air separation stage, and also achieves the blowing and cleaning of the inner wall of the reciprocating screening chamber during the non-air separation stage. Combined with the blowing inclined structure and V-shaped impurity guide port, impurities are automatically discharged.

[0047] By adopting a graded feeding control strategy, the telescopic component drives the telescopic opening and closing plate to gradually change the opening degree, so that materials of different particle sizes fall in grades for air separation. This avoids the problem that large particles block small impurities when large and small particles are mixed, thus preventing small particles from being fully blown away by the airflow, and further improves the overall separation purity. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the screening cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the reciprocating screening chamber in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the rotary drive device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the reciprocating screening chamber in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air outlet plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the reciprocating screening chamber in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air-guiding and regulating cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the material discharge control and detection mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the square air separator in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the telescopic opening and closing plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] In the diagram: 1-Rotary drive equipment, 2-Screwing cylinder, 3-Screwing control system, 4-Slag discharge port, 5-Inlet / outlet one, 6-Screwing fan, 7-Reciprocating screening chamber, 8-Air classifier blowing chamber, 9-Inlet / outlet two, 10-Storage bin one, 11-Scattered air classifier bin, 12-Storage bin two, 13-V-shaped impurity guide port, 14-Air outlet plate, 15-Air outlet, 16-Material inlet, 17-Accommodation groove, 18-Elastic component, 19-Air guide regulating cylinder, 20-Blowing inclined structure, 21-Telescopic component, 22-Telescopic opening and closing plate, 23-Single-sided guide inclined surface, 24-Vibrating surface, 25-Double-sided guide inclined surface, 26-Weight detection unit, 27-Air classifier square port. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0061] Please see Figures 1-10 The present invention provides an automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells, comprising a rotary drive device 1, and further comprising:

[0062] The screening cylinder 2 has two side walls that are fixedly connected to the two output shafts of the rotary drive device 1, wherein the rotary drive device 1 is used to drive the screening cylinder 2 to rotate in order to change the working state of the peach kernel screening.

[0063] A reciprocating screening chamber 7 is located inside the screening cylinder 2, and air separation equipment and slag discharge structure are respectively provided on both sides of the reciprocating screening chamber 7.

[0064] During one rotation of the screening cylinder 2, the reciprocating screening chamber 7 is in a vertical position twice to reciprocate screening of the same batch of peach kernels;

[0065] And a discharge control and detection mechanism, which is connected to the rotary drive device 1 and the screening cylinder 2 respectively;

[0066] During the rotation of the screening cylinder 2, the discharge control and detection mechanism is used to restrict the flow state of the pecan kernels. During the reciprocating screening process, the discharge control and detection mechanism is used to detect the impurity content in the pecan kernels, so as to control the number of reciprocating screenings and the wind force intensity of the air separation.

[0067] This embodiment uses a rotary reciprocating screening structure, and the specific working process is as follows:

[0068] The rotary drive device 1 serves as the power source and can be structured as a geared motor with a transmission gear set. Its two output shafts rotate synchronously, driving the screening cylinder 2 to rotate at a constant speed around the horizontal axis. The reciprocating screening chamber 7 is located inside the screening cylinder 2 and rotates synchronously with the screening cylinder 2. When the screening cylinder 2 rotates to the point where the reciprocating screening chamber 7 is in a vertical position, the mixture of peach kernels and shells in the reciprocating screening chamber 7 flows from one end of the chamber to the other end under its own gravity. During the flow, the material passes through the air separation area. The horizontal airflow generated by the air separation device performs air separation on the falling material. Utilizing the density and weight difference between peach kernels and peach shells, the lighter peach shell fragments are blown to the side of the slag discharge structure and discharged, while the heavier peach kernels fall vertically, thereby achieving kernel-shell separation.

[0069] Because the reciprocating screening chamber 7 will be in a vertical state twice every time the screening cylinder 2 rotates once, that is, when the screening cylinder 2 rotates 180°, the reciprocating screening chamber 7 changes from an upright state to an inverted state, and the material will flow back from the other end to the original end and pass through the air separation area for a second air separation. In this way, the same batch of material can be screened repeatedly. Multiple air separations can be completed automatically without manual material transfer, which greatly improves the purity and efficiency of kernel and shell separation.

[0070] The discharge control and detection mechanism plays a dual role in the screening process: On the one hand, during the rotation and switching of the screening cylinder 2, the discharge control and detection mechanism restricts the flow of materials in the reciprocating screening chamber 7 to prevent materials from flowing randomly in the non-air separation stage and ensure that materials fall in a concentrated and uniform manner during the air separation stage; on the other hand, during the reciprocating screening process, the discharge control and detection mechanism detects the impurity content in the separated peach kernels in real time and feeds the detection data back to the control system. Based on the level of impurity content, the system automatically adjusts the number of rotations of the screening cylinder 2 to change the number of reciprocating screenings, and at the same time adjusts the wind force of the air separation equipment to change the air separation effect. When the impurity content is high, the number of screenings and the wind force are increased; when the impurity content is low, the number of screenings and the wind force are reduced, thereby achieving adaptive intelligent screening, which not only ensures the separation quality but also avoids the efficiency reduction and peach kernel loss caused by over-screening.

[0071] This invention combines rotary reciprocating sieving with intelligent detection and control to achieve automated, efficient, and precise separation of peach kernel shells, effectively solving the technical problems of incomplete separation, low automation, and poor adaptability of traditional devices.

[0072] In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1-10 The reciprocating screening chamber 7 includes a storage bin 10, a scattered air separation bin 11, a storage bin 2 12, and a material inlet 16;

[0073] The first storage bin 10 and the second storage bin 12 are located at opposite ends of the scattered air separation bin 11, and both the first storage bin 10 and the second storage bin 12 are connected to the scattered air separation bin 11 through the material inlet 16.

[0074] The two material inlets 16 alternately contact the discharge control and detection mechanism to open and close the storage bin 10 and the storage bin 2 12.

[0075] The storage bin 10 and the storage bin 2 12 are respectively provided with inlet / outlet 2 9 and inlet / outlet 1 5;

[0076] The junctions of the first storage bin 10 and the scattered air separation bin 11 on both sides of the feed inlet 16, as well as the junctions of the scattered air separation bin 11 and the second storage bin 12, are all V-shaped structures, so that when the first storage bin 10, the scattered air separation bin 11, and the second storage bin 12 are in a vertical state, the pecan kernels can be quickly scattered and air-separated.

[0077] In this embodiment, the reciprocating screening chamber 7 adopts a three-section compartment structure design, integrating the functions of material temporary storage, air separation, and collection. The specific working content is as follows:

[0078] Storage bin 10 and storage bin 2 12 serve as temporary storage spaces for materials, respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the scattered air separation chamber 11. When the reciprocating screening chamber 7 is in an upright position, storage bin 10 is located at the top as the feed bin, and storage bin 2 12 is located at the bottom as the collection bin. The mixture of peach kernels and shells in storage bin 10 enters the scattered air separation chamber 11 through the feed inlet 16. The material falls freely within the scattered air separation chamber 11. The transverse airflow generated by the air separation equipment passes through the falling material flow, achieving separation by utilizing the density difference of the kernels and shells. After separation, the peach kernels fall into the lower storage bin 2 12 for temporary storage. When the screening cylinder 2 rotates 180 degrees, the reciprocating screening chamber 7 becomes an inverted vertical state. At this time, the storage bin 2 12 flips to the top to become the feeding bin, and the storage bin 1 10 flips to the bottom to become the collecting bin. The material in the storage bin 2 12 that has undergone one air separation flows back into the scattered air separation bin 11 through the feed port 16 for a second air separation. This process is repeated alternately to achieve multiple air separations of the same batch of material. There is no need for manual material transfer, which greatly improves the separation efficiency and separation purity.

[0079] Inlet / outlet 5 and inlet / outlet 9 are respectively located on the side walls of storage bin 10 and storage bin 22. They can be equipped with slide gate valves or flip-top sealed door structures for feeding the material to be screened and discharging the finished product after screening. During the screening process, the inlet / outlet is in a closed state to ensure the stability of the air field inside the chamber.

[0080] The V-shaped structure at the junction of the two sides of the feed inlet 16 plays an important role in guiding and rectifying the flow. In traditional straight-cylinder air separation devices, the material tends to form a concentrated column when it falls, and the internal material cannot fully contact the airflow, resulting in incomplete air separation. However, the V-shaped structure in this invention forms a funnel-shaped guiding slope in a vertical state, which can gather the material in the storage bin to the central feed inlet 16, so that the material can flow out of the storage bin quickly and completely, avoiding the accumulation of material at the bottom of the bin. At the same time, the V-shaped slope can rectify and homogenize the material flow, so that the material enters the scattered air separation bin 11 in a uniform and dispersed form, which greatly increases the contact area between the material and the airflow, so that each peach kernel and peach shell can be fully affected by the airflow, significantly improving the effect of air separation.

[0081] The two feed inlets 16 work in conjunction with the discharge control and detection mechanism. When air separation is required, the discharge control and detection mechanism separates from the upper feed inlet 16, the feed inlet is open, and the material begins to fall. When air separation is completed or the screening cylinder 2 rotates and switches states, the discharge control and detection mechanism comes into contact with the feed inlet 16 to close the feed inlet, preventing the material from flowing randomly in the non-air separation stage, ensuring that the material can fall in a concentrated manner in the air separation stage, and improving the air separation efficiency.

[0082] This embodiment, through the organic combination of a three-section compartment and a V-shaped flow guide structure, not only realizes the automatic reciprocating flow of materials, but also ensures the uniformity and fullness of material falling, providing a structural foundation for efficient and high-quality kernel-shell separation.

[0083] In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1-10 The air separation device includes:

[0084] Screening blower 6 is fixedly installed on the screening cylinder 2 and is arranged perpendicularly to the reciprocating screening chamber 7;

[0085] And an air classifier blowing chamber 8, which is located inside the screening cylinder 2 and is connected to the screening fan 6 through an air outlet 15. The air classifier blowing chamber 8 is connected to the reciprocating screening chamber 7 through an air outlet plate 14, and there are multiple air outlet plates 14.

[0086] The slag discharge structure includes:

[0087] Slag discharge port 4 is located on the screening cylinder 2 and is connected to the reciprocating screening chamber 7. The slag discharge port 4 is also positioned directly opposite the air outlet plate 14.

[0088] And a V-shaped impurity guide port 13, which is connected to the slag discharge port 4 and is located near the reciprocating screening chamber 7.

[0089] Please see Figures 1-7 It also includes: an elastic element 18, one end of which is fixedly connected to a side wall of the air classifier blowing chamber 8 near the screening fan 6;

[0090] An air-guiding and regulating cylinder 19 is fixedly installed at the other end of the elastic element 18;

[0091] And there are two receiving grooves 17, which are located at the two corners of the air separation blowing chamber 8, and are used to alternately hold the air guiding and regulating cylinder 19.

[0092] As the screening cylinder 2 continues to rotate, the air guiding and adjusting cylinder 19 will slide on the inner wall of the air classifier blowing chamber 8 under the pulling force of the elastic element 18 and its own gravity.

[0093] When the reciprocating screening chamber 7 is in a vertical state, the air guiding and adjusting cylinder 19 is located in the receiving groove 17, and the high-pressure gas in the air separation blowing chamber 8 is sprayed out through all the air outlet plates 14 to perform air separation operation.

[0094] When the reciprocating screening chamber 7 is in a horizontal state, the elastic element 18 will pull the air guide regulating cylinder 19 to move towards the middle of the air classifier blowing chamber 8. At this time, under the blocking and guiding effect of the air guide regulating cylinder 19, the high-pressure gas in the air classifier blowing chamber 8 will be blown and cleaned to the inner wall of the reciprocating screening chamber 7 through the air outlet plates 14 on both sides of the air guide regulating cylinder 19 in preparation for the next air classifier operation.

[0095] A purging inclined structure 20 is provided in the reciprocating screening chamber 7 near the V-shaped impurity guide port 13;

[0096] When the reciprocating screening chamber 7 is in a horizontal state, the screening blower 6 rotates to the top position of the screening cylinder 2, and the slag discharge port 4 rotates to the bottom position of the screening cylinder 2, the impurities retained on the inner wall of the reciprocating screening chamber 7 slide down through the sweeping inclined structure 20 into the V-shaped impurity guide port 13 under their own gravity and the blowing action, and are discharged into the slag discharge port 4.

[0097] The air separation system in this embodiment adopts an adaptive airflow adjustment structure, which utilizes the combined effect of gravity and elastic force to achieve automatic switching between air separation mode and cleaning mode. No additional electronic control actuator is required, making the structure simple and reliable. The specific working process is as follows:

[0098] The screening blower 6 serves as the power source for the air separation system. It can be a centrifugal high-pressure blower, which is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the screening cylinder 2 and arranged perpendicularly to the reciprocating screening chamber 7. The high-pressure airflow generated by the screening blower 6 is sent into the air separation blowing chamber 8 through the air outlet 15. The air separation blowing chamber 8 serves as a pressure stabilizing chamber, which can make the high-pressure airflow evenly distributed in the chamber. Then, it is evenly blown into the reciprocating screening chamber 7 through multiple air outlet plates 14 to form a stable transverse air field. The air outlet plates 14 can adopt a perforated plate or grid plate structure, which can further homogenize the airflow and make the air field more uniform and stable. The slag discharge port 4 is located on the screening cylinder 2, directly opposite the air outlet plate 14. Lightweight peach shell impurities blown by the airflow are directly discharged from the device through the slag discharge port 4. The V-shaped impurity guide port 13 is located at the connection between the reciprocating screening chamber 7 and the slag discharge port 4. It has a V-shaped structure that can guide and gather the impurities blown by the airflow, so that the impurities can smoothly converge to the slag discharge port 4. At the same time, the V-shaped structure can prevent the discharged impurities from being carried back into the chamber by the vortex airflow, improve the slag discharge efficiency, and avoid secondary pollution.

[0099] The airflow regulating cylinder 19 enables automatic switching of airflow modes. It is a metal cylinder with a certain weight (e.g., solid nylon or stainless steel, with a diameter of 20mm-50mm, an axial length matching the width of the air-separating chamber 8, and a single unit weight controlled within the range of 50g-500g). It is suspended inside the air-separating chamber 8 by an elastic element 18, which can be a tension spring with a suitable elastic coefficient (e.g., 0.1N / mm-1N / mm). As the screening cylinder 2 rotates, the spatial orientation of the air-separating chamber 8 continuously changes. The airflow regulating cylinder 19, under the combined force of its own weight and the tension of the elastic element 18… Under the action of the air classifier, the air guide cylinder 19 slides along the inner wall of the air classifier chamber 8, changing its position within the air classifier chamber 8, thereby adjusting the distribution and direction of the airflow. (When the air classifier chamber 8 is in a vertical state, the weight of the air guide cylinder 19 is greater than the sum of the maximum tension and sliding friction of the elastic element 18, and it can slide along the inner wall of the air classifier chamber 8 to the receiving groove 17 at the end; when the air classifier chamber 8 is in a horizontal state, the tension of the elastic element 18 is greater than the sliding friction, and it can pull the air guide cylinder 19 to the middle position of the air classifier chamber 8, thereby realizing the automatic switching between the air classifier mode and the cleaning mode.)

[0100] When the reciprocating screening chamber 7 is in a vertical position for air separation, the air guiding and adjusting cylinder 19 slides to the lower end of the air separation blowing chamber 8 under the action of gravity and gets stuck in the receiving groove 17. The receiving groove 17 is an arc-shaped groove that matches the outer diameter of the air guiding and adjusting cylinder 19, which can position and fix the air guiding and adjusting cylinder 19 to prevent it from rolling displacement during the air separation process. At this time, the air guiding and adjusting cylinder 19 is located at the end of the air separation blowing chamber 8 and does not block the air outlet plate 14 in the middle. The high-pressure gas in the air separation blowing chamber 8 can be evenly sprayed out through all the air outlet plates 14 to form a uniform transverse wind field covering the entire falling area in the scattered air separation chamber 11, ensuring that all falling materials can be subjected to consistent air separation and improving the stability and consistency of the separation effect. When the reciprocating screening chamber 7 rotates to a horizontal state with the screening cylinder 2, the air classifier blowing chamber 8 also becomes horizontal. At this time, the air guide regulating cylinder 19 slides towards the middle of the air classifier blowing chamber 8 under the pulling force of the elastic element 18. The cylindrical side of the air guide regulating cylinder 19 blocks several air outlet plates 14 in the middle. At the same time, the arc surface of the cylinder guides the airflow, causing the high-pressure airflow to be ejected from the air outlet plates 14 on both sides of the air guide regulating cylinder 19. The airflow direction is deflected and blown towards the inner walls of both sides of the reciprocating screening chamber 7, blowing away and cleaning the fine impurities and residual materials adhering to the inner wall, preventing impurities from accumulating on the inner wall of the chamber, and avoiding impurities from being mixed into the peach kernels in the next air classification, affecting the purity of the product. At the same time, it also ensures the smoothness of the inner wall of the chamber, making the air field distribution more stable.

[0101] The sloping structure 20 is located on one side of the reciprocating screening chamber 7 near the V-shaped impurity guide port 13. It is a smooth inclined surface. When the reciprocating screening chamber 7 is in a horizontal state and the screening blower 6 is at the top and the slag discharge port 4 is at the bottom, the impurities retained on the inner wall of the reciprocating screening chamber 7 slide down along the sloping structure 20 under their own gravity. At the same time, with the airflow blowing action in the cleaning mode, the impurities can smoothly enter the V-shaped impurity guide port 13 and be discharged from the device through the slag discharge port 4 (two impurity collection buckets can be set on both sides of the device to collect impurities such as walnut shells blown out under different working conditions). This realizes the self-cleaning function of the chamber, eliminating the need for manual disassembly and cleaning, reducing equipment maintenance workload, and improving continuous production capacity.

[0102] This invention achieves automatic switching between air separation and cleaning modes through a purely mechanical structure. While ensuring the air separation effect, it also enables the equipment to self-clean, effectively solving the technical problems of easy accumulation of dirt in the chamber and inconvenient maintenance in traditional air separation devices.

[0103] In one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 1-10 The material discharge control and detection mechanism includes a telescopic component 21 and an opening and closing detection unit;

[0104] The number of telescopic components 21 is four, and two telescopic components 21 form a group. The two groups of telescopic components 21 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotary drive device 1 and are parallel to the feeding direction of the walnut kernels during air separation in the reciprocating screening chamber 7.

[0105] The two sets of telescopic components 21 are enclosed to form a square air-separating opening 27, which is used to smoothly blow impurities to the slag discharge structure during the air separation of pecan kernels.

[0106] The number of opening and closing detection units is two sets, and the two sets of opening and closing detection units are located at the ends of the two sets of telescopic parts 21, respectively, to restrict the flow state of the walnut kernels in the reciprocating screening chamber 7.

[0107] The opening / closing detection unit includes:

[0108] Telescopic opening and closing plate 22, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic component 21;

[0109] The telescopic opening and closing plate 22 has a single-sided guide slope 23 and a double-sided guide slope 25 on both sides. The double-sided guide slope 25 is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic component 21, and a vibration surface 24 is provided on the single-sided guide slope 23.

[0110] The system includes a detection module, which is connected to the screening cylinder 2 and the double-sided guide slope 25, and is also connected to the screening fan 6 and the telescopic component 21 via signal connection.

[0111] The detection module includes:

[0112] The screening control system 3 is fixedly installed on the screening cylinder 2 and is connected to the screening fan 6 and the telescopic component 21 respectively. It is used to control the working state of the screening fan 6 and the telescopic component 21 according to the corresponding rotation position of the screening cylinder 2.

[0113] And a weight detection unit 26, which is located on the double-sided guide slope 25 and is signal-connected to the screening control system 3.

[0114] This embodiment of the material discharge control and detection mechanism integrates material flow control, graded feeding, impurity detection, and intelligent control functions, realizing refined and intelligent control of the peach kernel shell separation process. The specific working contents are as follows:

[0115] The telescopic component 21 serves as the actuator and can be driven by an electric push rod or a cylinder. The four telescopic components 21 are arranged symmetrically in two groups. The two groups of telescopic components 21 and their end opening and closing detection units together form the air-classifying square opening 27. The air-classifying square opening 27 has a square channel structure. Compared with the traditional round discharge port, the square structure allows the material to fall in a uniform width curtain, increasing the contact area between the material and the airflow. This allows the transverse airflow to pass through the material layer more fully, avoiding dead corners in the middle that cannot be air-classified. At the same time, the side of the square opening provides a smooth discharge channel for impurities. Light impurities blown up by the airflow can be smoothly blown from the side to the slag discharge structure, improving slag discharge efficiency.

[0116] The telescopic opening and closing plate 22 moves in a telescopic motion driven by the telescopic component 21, changing the gap between the telescopic opening and closing plate 22 and the inner wall of the reciprocating screening chamber 7, thereby adjusting the opening degree of the material inlet 16 and controlling the falling speed and flow rate of the material. The telescopic opening and closing plate 22 is provided with a single-sided guide slope 23 and a double-sided guide slope 25 on both sides. The double-sided guide slope 25 is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic component 21. Its two slopes face two directions respectively, which can guide the material in both upright and inverted states of the reciprocating screening chamber 7, so that the material flows smoothly to the storage area. The single-sided guide slope 23 faces the material inlet 16 and can guide and disperse the flowing material (flowing towards the direction close to the air outlet plate 14). The vibration surface 24 is set on the single-sided guide slope 23 and can be driven by a micro vibration motor. Through high-frequency micro-vibration, the material can be prevented from adhering and bridging on the slope, ensuring the smooth falling of the material and avoiding blockage.

[0117] The screening control system 3, as the control core, is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the screening cylinder 2. It can be a PLC programmable controller with built-in control program and algorithm. It is connected to the screening fan 6, telescopic component 21 and weight detection unit 26 respectively. It can adjust the working status of each component in real time according to the rotation orientation signal of the screening cylinder 2 and the detection data of the weight detection unit 26.

[0118] The weight detection unit 26 is set on the surface of the double-sided guide slope 25. It can use a high-precision pressure sensor or a weighing sensor. When the sorted material falls onto the weight detection unit 26, the sensor can detect the impact force and weight generated by the material impact. Since the density and weight of the peach kernel are significantly greater than those of the peach shell, by analyzing the detected weight data and its changing pattern, the proportion of peach shell impurities in the falling material can be determined: when the detected weight data is consistently low and fluctuates little, it indicates that the proportion of light peach shells in the falling material is large, the impurity content is high, and the separation effect is not ideal; when the detected weight data is large and matches the weight characteristics of the peach kernel, it indicates that the separation effect is good and the material purity is high.

[0119] This invention employs a graded feeding control strategy. Based on the uneven particle size distribution after crushing the walnut kernels, the screening control system 3 controls the telescopic component 21 to gradually increase the opening of the telescopic opening and closing plate 22. First, a smaller opening is created, allowing smaller walnut kernels and shells to fall and be air-separated. After the small particles are separated, the weight detection unit 26 detects a significant decrease in the amount of material falling. The screening control system 3 then controls the telescopic component 21 to contract, further increasing the opening to allow larger walnut kernels and impurities to fall and be air-separated. This graded feeding avoids the problem of large particles blocking smaller particles when they fall together, preventing the smaller impurities from being fully blown away by the airflow. This ensures that materials of different particle sizes achieve optimal air-separation results, significantly improving overall separation purity (and increasing the accuracy of weight detection; further screening can be performed in other screening mechanisms). Finally, the walnut kernels detected by the weight detection unit 26 enter another storage space, which is then sealed by another telescopic opening and closing plate 22 for the next round of screening.

[0120] The screening control system 3 performs feedback control based on the detection data from the weight detection unit 26. When a large amount of impurities is detected, the control system automatically adjusts the screening parameters, controls the screening cylinder 2 to increase the number of rotations and the number of air separations, and simultaneously controls the screening fan 6 to increase the speed and air force to enhance the air separation intensity and ensure that impurities can be completely separated. When the purity of the material is detected to meet the set standard, the number of air separations is reduced and the air force is lowered to improve screening efficiency and avoid excessive air separation that could cause the peach kernels to be blown away and lost.

[0121] This invention achieves precise adjustment of feed flow rate, orderly classification and air separation, real-time detection of separation effect, and adaptive adjustment of screening parameters through intelligent control of the discharge regulation and detection mechanism. It effectively solves the technical problems of unstable separation quality, poor adaptability and low degree of automation of traditional devices, and greatly improves the efficiency and quality of peach kernel shell separation.

[0122] In summary, this invention drives the screening cylinder 2 to rotate via a rotary drive device 1, which in turn drives the reciprocating screening chamber 7 to rotate synchronously. Utilizing the characteristic that the reciprocating screening chamber 7 is in a vertical position twice per revolution of the screening cylinder 2, reciprocating air separation of the same batch of materials is achieved, enabling multiple separations without manual handling. The three-section chamber structure and V-shaped guide structure of the reciprocating screening chamber 7 ensure smooth material flow and uniform dispersion, improving the air separation effect. By adjusting the position of the cylinder 19 under gravity and elastic force, the air separation mode and cleaning mode are automatically switched, ensuring both uniform and stable airflow during the air separation stage and self-cleaning of the chamber wall during the non-air separation stage. Through the graded feeding control and weight detection feedback of the discharge regulation and detection mechanism, intelligent adaptive adjustment of the screening process is achieved, ensuring the stability of the separation quality. This invention has a high degree of automation, good separation effect, and can effectively improve the efficiency and purity of peach kernel shell separation.

[0123] It should be noted that, in this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "sliding," "rotating," "fixed," and "equipped" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to welded connections, bolted connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0124] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells, comprising a rotary drive device, characterized in that, Also includes: A screening cylinder, the two side walls of which are fixedly connected to the two output shafts of the rotary drive device, the rotary drive device being used to drive the screening cylinder to rotate in order to change the working state of the peach kernel screening; A reciprocating screening chamber is fixed inside the screening cylinder, and air separation equipment and slag discharge structure are respectively provided on both sides of the reciprocating screening chamber; During one rotation of the screening cylinder, the reciprocating screening chamber is in a vertical position twice to reciprocate screening of the same batch of peach kernels; And a discharge control and detection mechanism, which is connected to the rotary drive device, the screening cylinder and the air classifier respectively; The discharge control and detection mechanism is used to restrict the flow of pecan kernels during the rotation of the screening cylinder and to detect the impurity content in the pecan kernels during the reciprocating screening process, so as to control the number of reciprocating screenings and the wind force intensity of the air separation.

2. The automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reciprocating screening chamber includes a storage bin one, a scattered air separation bin, a storage bin two, and a material inlet; The first storage bin and the second storage bin are located at opposite ends of the scattered air separation bin, and both the first storage bin and the second storage bin are connected to the scattered air separation bin through the material inlet. The two material inlets alternately contact the discharge control and detection mechanism to open and close the storage bins 1 and 2.

3. The automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The storage bin 1 and storage bin 2 are respectively provided with inlet / outlet 2 and inlet / outlet 1; The junctions of the storage bin 1 and the scattered air separation bin on both sides of the feed inlet, as well as the junctions of the scattered air separation bin and the storage bin 2, are all V-shaped structures, so that when the storage bin 1, the scattered air separation bin, and the storage bin 2 are in a vertical state, the pecan kernels can be quickly scattered and air-separated.

4. The automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air separation equipment includes: A screening fan is fixedly installed on the screening cylinder and is arranged perpendicularly to the reciprocating screening chamber. The air classifier blowing chamber is located inside the screening cylinder and is connected to the screening fan via an air outlet. The air classifier blowing chamber is connected to the reciprocating screening chamber via an air outlet plate, and there are multiple air outlet plates.

5. The automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells according to claim 4, characterized in that, The slag discharge structure includes: The slag discharge port is located on the screening cylinder and is connected to the reciprocating screening chamber. The slag discharge port is also positioned directly opposite the air outlet plate. And a V-shaped impurity guide port, which is connected to the slag discharge port and is located near the reciprocating screening chamber.

6. The automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, Also includes: An elastic element, one end of which is fixedly connected to a side wall of the air separation blowing chamber near the screening fan; An air-guiding and regulating cylinder is fixedly installed at the other end of the elastic element; And two receiving grooves, which are located at the two corners of the air classifier blowing chamber, for alternately holding the air guiding and regulating cylinder; As the screening cylinder continues to rotate, the air guiding and adjusting cylinder will slide on the inner wall of the air classifier blowing chamber under the tension of the elastic element and its own weight. When the reciprocating screening chamber is in a vertical state, the air guiding and adjusting cylinder is located in the receiving groove, and the high-pressure gas in the air separation blowing chamber is sprayed out through all the air outlet plates for air separation operation. When the reciprocating screening chamber is in a horizontal state, the elastic element will pull the air guide adjustment cylinder to move towards the middle of the air classifier blowing chamber. At this time, under the blocking and guiding effect of the air guide adjustment cylinder, the high-pressure gas in the air classifier blowing chamber will be blown and cleaned to the inner wall of the reciprocating screening chamber through the air outlet plates on both sides of the air guide adjustment cylinder.

7. The automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells according to claim 5, characterized in that, A purging inclined structure is provided in the reciprocating screening chamber near the V-shaped impurity guide port; When the reciprocating screening chamber is in a horizontal state, the screening fan rotates to the top position of the screening cylinder, and the slag discharge port rotates to the bottom position of the screening cylinder, the impurities retained on the inner wall of the reciprocating screening chamber slide down through the sweeping inclined structure into the V-shaped impurity guide port under their own gravity and the blowing action, and are discharged into the slag discharge port.

8. The automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material discharge control and detection mechanism includes a telescopic component and an opening and closing detection unit; The number of telescopic components is four, and two telescopic components form a group. The two groups of telescopic components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotary drive device and are parallel to the feeding direction of the walnut kernels during air separation in the reciprocating screening chamber. The two sets of telescopic components enclose a square air-separating opening, which is used to smoothly blow impurities to the slag discharge structure during the air separation of pecan kernels. The number of opening and closing detection units is two sets, and the two sets of opening and closing detection units are respectively located at the ends of the two sets of telescopic parts, which are used to restrict the flow state of the pecan kernels in the reciprocating screening chamber.

9. The automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells according to claim 8, characterized in that, The opening / closing detection unit includes: A telescopic opening and closing plate, wherein the telescopic opening and closing plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic component; The telescopic opening and closing plate has a single-sided guide slope and a double-sided guide slope on both sides. The double-sided guide slope is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic component, and a vibration surface is provided on the single-sided guide slope. The system includes a detection module, which is connected to the screening cylinder and the double-sided guide slope, and is also connected to the screening fan and the telescopic component via signal connections.

10. The automatic separation and screening device for peach kernel shells according to claim 9, characterized in that, The detection module includes: A screening control system is fixedly installed on the screening cylinder and is connected to the screening fan and the telescopic component by signal. The system is used to control the working state of the screening fan and the telescopic component according to the corresponding rotation position of the screening cylinder. And a weight detection unit, which is located on the double-sided guide slope and is signal-connected to the screening control system.

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