A precision machining device and machining process for a 6-series aluminum alloy base

Abstract

This invention discloses a precision machining equipment and process for a 6-series aluminum alloy base, relating to the field of machining technology. It includes a frame with a positioning plate fixed on it. A fixing mechanism is provided at the top of the frame for clamping and positioning the top base blank. The fixing mechanism includes a rotatably mounted angled platform, on which a support frame and a pressure frame are uniformly slidably arranged in a ring. A pre-processing mechanism is provided on the frame, between the fixing mechanism and the positioning plate. The pre-processing mechanism includes a rotatably mounted pre-processing cylinder, inside which a processing detection module is rotatably mounted. The processing detection module includes two mutually fixedly connected mounting arc boxes, each with a moving component. One moving component has a milling part, and the other moving component has a laser flatness detector for flatness detection. This invention effectively solves the problems of low precision, poor automation, and insufficient processing stability in traditional processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a precision machining equipment and machining process for a 6-series aluminum alloy base. Background Technology

[0002] 6-series aluminum alloy bases are often formed using a welded structure. However, existing processing methods have several drawbacks in the welding and pre-processing stages: the mating surfaces of the raw blanks are the original blank surfaces, resulting in poor flatness. Direct assembly makes it difficult to guarantee the perpendicularity, parallelism, and other dimensional tolerances between the top and base blanks, easily leading to uneven gaps and misalignment, directly affecting the accuracy and quality of subsequent welding. Furthermore, traditional processes lack online milling correction and flatness testing of the mating surfaces before welding, failing to eliminate blank errors at the source, resulting in uncontrollable assembly accuracy. Additionally, top blanks are often clamped externally, which is problematic for materials with a center... The through-hole structure suffers from insufficient clamping stability and relies on manual alignment, resulting in low positioning efficiency, poor consistency, and difficulty in achieving automated precision alignment. Furthermore, during the final milling and correction of the mating surface, aluminum chips easily scatter, contaminating the processing environment and affecting the accuracy of laser detection and the stability of the welding process. Based on these problems, existing equipment cannot meet the requirements for precise, stable, and efficient fixed welding of 6-series aluminum alloy bases. Therefore, this invention proposes a processing equipment and process that integrates pre-processing of the mating surface, flatness detection, automatic positioning, automatic fixed welding, and waste chip collection into a single precision processing device. This effectively solves the problems of low precision, poor automation, and insufficient processing stability inherent in traditional processes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a precision machining equipment and process that integrates pre-processing of mating surfaces, flatness detection, automatic positioning, automatic fixed welding, and waste collection, effectively solving the problems of low precision, poor automation, and insufficient processing stability in traditional processes.

[0004] The technical solution used in this invention is as follows: a precision machining equipment for a 6-series aluminum alloy base, comprising a frame, a positioning plate fixed on the frame for mounting a positioning base blank; a fixing mechanism at the top of the frame for clamping a positioning top base blank; the fixing mechanism includes a rotating angled platform, on which a support frame and a pressure frame are uniformly slidably arranged in a ring, the support frame extending to the inner top of the top base blank for support, and the pressure frame pressing and fixing the top of the top base blank; a pre-processing mechanism is provided on the frame and between the fixing mechanism and the positioning plate, the pre-processing mechanism including a rotating pre-processing cylinder, both ends of which have processing grooves, and an airflow mechanism fixed to the outside of the pre-processing cylinder; a processing detection module is rotatably arranged inside the pre-processing cylinder, the processing detection module including two mutually fixedly connected mounting arc boxes, each of which has a moving component, one of which has a milling part, and the other has a laser flatness detector for flatness detection; a processing mechanism is provided at the bottom of the frame for welding the top base blank and the base blank, and for collecting processing waste.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment, the positioning plate has a working hole, and clamping cylinders are fixed on both sides of the positioning plate. A clamping plate is fixed on the telescopic rod of the clamping cylinder for clamping and fixing the base blank. A visual position detector is provided on the frame for visually detecting the clamping position of the top base blank. Fixing cylinders are fixed on the frame and on both sides of the fixing mechanism, and fixing plates are fixed on the telescopic rods of the fixing cylinders.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the processing mechanism includes a motor and a guide rod fixed to the bottom of the frame, and a lead screw rotatably mounted to the bottom of the frame. The motor drives the lead screw. A position frame is slidably fitted on the guide rod, and the position frame and the lead screw form a helical pair. One end of the position frame is provided with a welding part, and the other end is provided with a collection part.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the welding section includes a first lifting electric cylinder fixed on the positioning frame, and a fully automatic welding robotic arm is installed on the telescopic rod of the first lifting electric cylinder; the collecting section includes a second lifting electric cylinder fixed on the positioning frame, and a collecting cylinder is fixed on the telescopic rod of the second lifting electric cylinder.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the fixing mechanism includes a height control cylinder fixed to the top of the frame, a position adjustment platform fixed on the telescopic rod of the height control cylinder, an angle motor fixed on the position adjustment platform, and the output shaft of the angle motor fixedly connected to the angle platform; a control motor fixed at the bottom of the angle platform, a control disk fixed on the output shaft of the control motor, a connecting rod rotatably mounted on the control disk, one end of the connecting rod being rotatably connected to a support frame, and the support frame being radially slidably mounted on the bottom of the angle platform.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the support frame is L-shaped, with the horizontal end of the support frame supporting the top of the inner side of the top seat blank, and a pressure roller provided on the vertical end of the support frame. The pressure frame is vertically slidably mounted on the angle platform, and a spring is connected between the pressure frame and the angle platform to provide elastic force. An extrusion seat is fixed on the side of the pressure frame facing the support frame. The extrusion seat has a horizontal surface and an inclined surface. The pressure roller pushes the extrusion seat to make the pressure frame move up and down.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the pre-processing mechanism includes a tilting motor fixed on the frame, a tilting frame fixed on the output shaft of the tilting motor, and one end of the tilting frame fixedly connected to the pre-processing cylinder; the airflow mechanism includes an airflow control box fixed to the outside of the pre-processing cylinder and two airflow rings, the two airflow rings are arranged vertically and are both connected to the airflow control box.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the processing and inspection module includes a gear ring fixed inside the pre-processing cylinder and two mounting arc boxes. One of the mounting arc boxes has a rotating motor fixed on it, and a rotating gear is fixed on the output shaft of the rotating motor. The rotating gear meshes with the gear ring.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the moving component includes a first horizontal slide block slidably mounted on a mounting arc box. A machining motor and a machining guide rod are fixed on the mounting arc box, and a machining lead screw is rotatably mounted on it. The machining lead screw is driven by the machining motor. The first horizontal slide block is slidably engaged with the machining guide rod and forms a helical pair with the machining lead screw. A horizontal control electric cylinder is fixed on the first horizontal slide block, and a second horizontal slide block is fixed on the telescopic rod of the horizontal control electric cylinder. A machining feed cylinder is fixed on the second horizontal slide block. The milling part includes a milling motor fixed on the telescopic rod of the machining feed cylinder, and a milling cutter is fixed on the output shaft of the milling motor. A laser flatness detector is disposed on the telescopic rod of the machining feed cylinder.

[0013] A processing technology for a 6-series aluminum alloy base includes the following steps: Step 1: Material preparation Top base blank: square boss blank, with a pre-drilled through hole in the center and a machining allowance of 3~5mm on one side; Base blank: square frame structure blank, with a machining allowance of 3~5mm on one side; Material: 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. Step 2: Beveling A V-shaped bevel is machined in the welding area at the bottom of the top seat blank: Bevel angle: 60°±5° Blunt edge: 1~1.5mm Roughness: Ra≤12.5μm; Step 3: Welding, the specific process is as follows: The base blank is clamped onto the positioning plate; The top blank is supported by an internal support frame and pressed by a pressure frame; The visual position detector automatically corrects the angle; The pre-processing cylinder is flipped between the two blanks; The top blank descends into the pre-processing cylinder; The two fixing plates are clamped together; The milling unit performs precision planar milling on the bottom surface of the top seat and the top surface of the base to ensure flatness ≤0.05mm; The airflow ring blows away the waste debris, which is then collected in the collection cylinder. A laser flatness detector performs full-circumference inspection; welding proceeds only after the surface passes the inspection. Pre-processed cylinder withdrawn; The top blank descends and precisely fits with the base blank; The fully automated welding robotic arm performs automatic fixed welding and completes positioning. Step 4: Preheating Temperature: 100~150℃ Scope: ≥50mm on both sides of the weld Objective: To reduce porosity and minimize deformation Step 5: Formal Welding MIG / CMT soldering full soldering; Symmetrical welding and segmented back welding are used to control the flatness to ≤0.1mm; Step Six: Aging at 180℃ Temperature: 180℃±5℃ Insulation: 8~10h Cooling with furnace Objective: To relieve welding stress and stabilize dimensions. Step 7: Semi-finishing Using the bottom surface of the base as a reference, mill the outer shape, top surface, and cavity, leaving a finishing allowance of 0.5~0.8mm; Step 8: Finishing Precision milling of reference surfaces, mounting surfaces, and sealing surfaces; Precision boring of the center hole; Chamfering and deburring; Dimensional tolerance ±0.02mm, geometric tolerance ≤0.03mm.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention compared with the prior art are: (1) High degree of integration, the clamping of the top blank and the base blank, the milling correction of the mating surface, the online detection of flatness, automatic alignment, automatic fixed welding, and waste collection are all completed in the same equipment, reducing process transfer and repeated clamping, and avoiding precision loss; (2) Before fixed welding, the splicing mating surface is milled to effectively eliminate the flatness error of the blank surface, ensuring that the top blank and the base blank are closely fitted and the gap is uniform, thus improving the verticality and parallelism of the splicing from the source; (3) A laser flatness detector is used to perform full-area detection on the milled mating surface to ensure that the processing accuracy meets the welding assembly requirements and improves the stability of welding quality; (4) A visual position detector is used to realize automatic angle recognition and alignment compensation of the top blank, and with the internal support and external pressure fixing mechanism, the clamping positioning accuracy is high and the consistency is good; (5) A closed pre-processing cylinder is used in conjunction with airflow purging and bottom collection cylinder to realize the centralized collection of milling waste, avoiding waste splashing and environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another angle.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the positioning plate of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the angle stage of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame and pressure frame structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the preform structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the pre-processing mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-processed cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the pre-processed cylinder of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the processing and testing module of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile component of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1-Frame; 101-Top base blank; 102-Base blank; 2-Height control cylinder; 3-Fixing cylinder; 4-Fixing plate; 5-Positioning frame; 6-Lifting electric cylinder one; 7-Fully automatic welding robotic arm; 8-Motor one; 9-Lead screw one; 10-Guide rod one; 11-Lifting electric cylinder two; 12-Collection cylinder; 13-Positioning plate; 1301-Working hole; 14-Clamping cylinder; 15-Clamping plate; 16-Vision position detector; 17-Angle motor; 18-Position adjustment table; 19-Angle table; 20-Support frame; 21-Pressure frame; 22-Spring 23-Spring; 24-Control motor; 25-Control panel; 26-Connecting rod; 27-Extrusion seat; 28-Pressure roller; 29-Tilting motor; 30-Tilting frame; 31-Pre-processing cylinder; 32-Airflow control box; 33-Airflow ring; 34-Mounting arc box; 35-Rotating motor; 36-Rotating gear; 37-Gear ring; 38-Processing motor; 39-Processing lead screw; 40-Processing guide rod; 41-Horizontal control electric cylinder; 42-Horizontal slide one; 43-Horizontal slide two; 44-Processing feed cylinder; 45-Milling motor; 46-Milling cutter; 47-Laser flatness detector. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The processing technology of this invention is as follows: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Material preparation Top base blank 101: Square boss blank with a pre-drilled hole in the center and a machining allowance of 3~5mm on one side; Base blank 102: Square frame structure blank with a machining allowance of 3~5mm on one side; Material: 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. Step 2: Beveling A V-shaped bevel is machined in the bottom welding area of ​​the top seat blank 101: Bevel angle: 60°±5° Blunt edge: 1~1.5mm Roughness: Ra≤12.5μm; Step 3: Welding, applicable to the processing equipment of this invention, the specific process is as follows: The base blank 102 is clamped onto the positioning plate 13; The top blank 101 is supported by the inner support frame 20 and pressed by the pressure frame 21; The visual position detector 16 automatically corrects the angle; The pre-processing cylinder 30 is flipped between the two blanks; The top blank 101 descends into the pre-processing cylinder 30; The two fixing plates 4 are clamped together; The milling unit performs precision planar milling on the bottom surface of the top seat and the top surface of the base to ensure flatness ≤0.05mm; Airflow ring 32 blows away waste debris, which is then collected by collection cylinder 12. A laser flatness detector performs full-circle inspection; welding proceeds only after the surface passes the inspection. Pre-processed cylinder 30 withdrawn; The top seat blank 101 descends and precisely fits into the base blank 102; The fully automated welding robotic arm 7 performs automatic fixed welding and completes positioning; Step 4: Preheating Temperature: 100~150℃ Scope: ≥50mm on both sides of the weld Objective: To reduce porosity and minimize deformation Step 5: Formal Welding MIG / CMT soldering full soldering; Symmetrical welding and segmented back welding are used to control the flatness to ≤0.1mm; Step Six: Aging at 180℃ Temperature: 180℃±5℃ Insulation: 8~10h Cooling with furnace Objective: To relieve welding stress and stabilize dimensions. Step 7: Semi-finishing Using the bottom surface of the base as a reference, mill the outer shape, top surface, and cavity, leaving a finishing allowance of 0.5~0.8mm; Step 8: Finishing Precision milling of reference surfaces, mounting surfaces, and sealing surfaces; Precision boring of the center hole; Chamfering and deburring; Dimensional tolerance ±0.02mm, geometric tolerance ≤0.03mm.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 13As shown, a precision machining equipment for a 6-series aluminum alloy base includes a frame 1, on which a positioning plate 13 is fixed for mounting a positioning base blank 102; a fixing mechanism is provided at the top of the frame 1 for clamping a positioning top base blank 101; the fixing mechanism includes an angled platform 19 mounted in a rotating manner, on which a support frame 20 and a pressure frame 21 are uniformly slidably arranged in a ring, the support frame 20 extending to the inner top of the top base blank 101 for support, and the pressure frame 21 pressing and fixing the top of the top base blank 101; a pre-processing mechanism is provided on the frame 1 and located between the fixing mechanism and the positioning plate 13, the pre-processing machine... The structure includes a pre-processing cylinder 30 that is rotatably mounted, with processing grooves at both ends of the pre-processing cylinder 30, and an airflow mechanism fixed to the outside of the pre-processing cylinder 30; a processing detection module is rotatably mounted inside the pre-processing cylinder 30, the processing detection module includes two mounting arc boxes 33 that are fixedly connected to each other, and each of the two mounting arc boxes 33 is equipped with a moving component, one of the moving components is equipped with a milling part, and the other moving component is equipped with a laser flatness detector 46 for flatness detection; a processing mechanism is provided at the bottom of the frame 1 for welding the top blank 101 and the base blank 102, and for collecting processing waste.

[0032] The positioning plate 13 has a working hole 1301. The positioning plate 13 has clamping cylinders 14 fixed on both sides. The clamping cylinders 14 have clamping plates 15 fixed on their telescopic rods for clamping and fixing the base blank 102. The frame 1 is equipped with a visual position detector 16 for visually detecting the clamping position of the top base blank 101. The frame 1 is fixed with fixing cylinders 3 on both sides of the fixing mechanism. The fixing cylinders 3 have fixing plates 4 fixed on their telescopic rods.

[0033] The processing mechanism includes a motor 8 and a guide rod 10 fixed to the bottom of the frame 1, and a lead screw 9 rotatably mounted to the bottom of the frame 1. The motor 8 is used to drive the lead screw 9. A position frame 5 is slidably fitted on the guide rod 10. The position frame 5 and the lead screw 9 form a helical pair. One end of the position frame 5 is provided with a welding part, and the other end is provided with a collection part.

[0034] The welding section includes a lifting electric cylinder 6 fixed on the position frame 5, and a fully automatic welding robotic arm 7 is installed on the telescopic rod of the lifting electric cylinder 6; the collection section includes a lifting electric cylinder 11 fixed on the position frame 5, and a collection cylinder 12 is fixed on the telescopic rod of the lifting electric cylinder 11.

[0035] The fixing mechanism includes a height control cylinder 2 fixed to the top of the frame 1. A position adjustment platform 18 is fixed on the telescopic rod of the height control cylinder 2. An angle motor 17 is fixed on the position adjustment platform 18. The output shaft of the angle motor 17 is fixedly connected to the angle platform 19. A control motor 23 is fixed at the bottom of the angle platform 19. A control disk 24 is fixed on the output shaft of the control motor 23. A connecting rod 25 is rotatably mounted on the control disk 24. One end of the connecting rod 25 is rotatably connected to the support frame 20. The support frame 20 is radially slidably mounted on the bottom of the angle platform 19.

[0036] The support frame 20 is L-shaped. The horizontal end of the support frame 20 supports the inner top of the top seat blank 101. The vertical end of the support frame 20 is provided with a pressure roller 27. The pressure frame 21 is vertically slidably installed on the angle platform 19, and a spring 22 for providing elastic force is connected between the pressure frame 21 and the angle platform 19. An extrusion seat 26 is fixed on the side of the pressure frame 21 facing the support frame 20. The extrusion seat 26 has a horizontal surface and an inclined surface. The pressure roller 27 pushes the extrusion seat 26 to make the pressure frame 21 move up and down.

[0037] The pre-processing mechanism includes a tilting motor 28 fixed on the frame 1, a tilting frame 29 fixed on the output shaft of the tilting motor 28, and one end of the tilting frame 29 fixedly connected to the pre-processing cylinder 30; the airflow mechanism includes an airflow control box 31 fixed on the outside of the pre-processing cylinder 30 and two airflow rings 32, the two airflow rings 32 are arranged vertically and are both connected to the airflow control box 31.

[0038] The processing and inspection module includes a gear ring 36 fixed inside the pre-processing cylinder 30 and two mounting arc boxes 33. One of the mounting arc boxes 33 is fixed with a rotating motor 34, and a rotating gear 35 is fixed on the output shaft of the rotating motor 34. The rotating gear 35 meshes with the gear ring 36.

[0039] The moving component includes a horizontal slide block 41 slidably mounted on a mounting arc box 33. A machining motor 37 and a machining guide rod 39 are fixed on the mounting arc box 33, and a machining lead screw 38 is rotatably mounted on it. The machining lead screw 38 is driven by the machining motor 37. The horizontal slide block 41 slides in cooperation with the machining guide rod 39 and forms a helical pair with the machining lead screw 38. A horizontal control electric cylinder 40 is fixed on the horizontal slide block 41. A horizontal slide block 42 is fixed on the telescopic rod of the horizontal control electric cylinder 40. A machining feed cylinder 43 is fixed on the horizontal slide block 42. The milling part includes a milling motor 44 fixed on the telescopic rod of the machining feed cylinder 43. A milling cutter 45 is fixed on the output shaft of the milling motor 44. A laser flatness detector 46 is disposed on the telescopic rod of the machining feed cylinder 43.

[0040] Operating principle: Before welding the top seat blank 101 and the base blank 102, the mating surfaces are milled to ensure the accuracy of subsequent processing. Specifically, the base blank 102 is mounted on the positioning plate 13, and the clamping plate 15 is clamped and fixed to the top seat blank 101 by the clamping cylinder 14. Then, the top seat blank 101 is mounted on the fixing mechanism, specifically, the lateral ends of each support frame 20 extend from the through hole at the top of the top seat blank 101 to the top seat blank 102. Inside the 01 system, the control motor 23 drives the control panel 24, which, under the connection of the connecting rod 25, causes the support frame 20 to slide radially. The lateral end of the support frame 20 supports the inner top of the top blank 101. During this process, the pressure roller 27 moves on the plane area of ​​the extrusion seat 26, while the pressure frame 21 remains stationary. The pressure roller 27 moves on the inclined surface of the extrusion seat 26 to push the extrusion seat 26, thereby causing the pressure frame 21 to descend and press the top of the top blank 101. The top base blank 101 is tightened to fix it. Further, the installation angle of the top base blank 101 is adjusted. The visual position detector 16 visually detects the angular orientation of the top base blank 101 and feeds the position information back to the system. Then, the angle motor 17 drives the angle stage 19 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angular orientation of the top base blank 101. Specifically, the visual position detector 16 consists of an industrial camera, a ring light source, and an image acquisition and processing unit. During operation, the ring light source provides uniform illumination to the outer contour and center hole of the top base blank 101. The industrial camera acquires the contour image of the top base blank 101 in real time. After image edge extraction, contour fitting, center coordinate calculation, and angle recognition algorithm processing, the center position, rotation angle, and alignment deviation between the top base blank 101 and the base blank 102 are obtained. The position signal is fed back to the control system, driving the angle motor 17 to rotate and compensate the angle stage 19, thus achieving automatic and precise alignment of the top base blank 101 and the base blank 102.

[0041] Furthermore, the tilting frame 29 and the pre-processing cylinder 30 are tilted by the tilting motor 28, so that the pre-processing cylinder 30 is located between the top blank 101 and the base blank 102. The top blank 101 is lowered by the height control cylinder 2, so that the bottom of the top blank 101 extends into the interior of the pre-processing cylinder 30. At this time, the bottom of the top blank 101 and the top surface of the base blank 102 are exposed inside the pre-processing cylinder 30. The fixing cylinder 3 controls the fixing plate 4 to clamp the outside of the top blank 101 to ensure the stability of the top blank 101 during milling.

[0042] By driving the rotating gear 35 through the rotating motor 34, the two mounting arc boxes 33 can be rotated under gear transmission. For the square mating surfaces to be machined on the top blank 101 and the base blank 102, the mounting arc boxes 33 are controlled to move sequentially to each side. Then, the height of the milling cutter 45 is controlled by the machining feed cylinder 43, and the milling motor 44 drives the milling cutter 45 to perform milling. The horizontal control electric cylinder 40 can control the lateral position of the horizontal slide 42. The machining motor 37 drives the machining screw 38 to rotate, which can move the horizontal slide 41 horizontally, thereby performing full-area milling on the square mating surfaces. Specifically, the two... Each milling section respectively processes the square mating surfaces of the bottom of the top plate blank 101 and the top surface of the base blank 102. During the processing, the waste chips are confined inside the pre-processing cylinder 30 to prevent them from splashing everywhere. The airflow control box 31 controls the airflow ring 32 to release a strong airflow. The airflow released by the upper pre-processing cylinder 30 can remove the waste chips remaining on the top surface of the mounting arc box 33. The airflow released by the lower pre-processing cylinder 30 can remove the waste chips remaining on the base blank 102. The waste chips fall from the working hole 1301, and the collection cylinder 12 is located below the working hole 1301 to collect the waste chips.

[0043] Subsequently, after the milling process is completed, the flatness of the machined surface can be detected by controlling the angle and orientation of the laser flatness detector 46, ensuring the accurate docking of the top blank 101 and the base blank 102 and guaranteeing the welding quality. The motor 8 drives the lead screw 9 to rotate, causing the position frame 5 to move, thereby positioning the fully automatic welding robot arm 7 below the working hole 1301. After the docking surfaces of the top blank 101 and the base blank 102 are machined, the pre-processing cylinder 30 moves away from between the top blank 101 and the base blank 102. The fixing cylinder 3 controls the fixing plate 4 to release the clamping and fixing of the top blank 101. The height control cylinder 2 controls the top blank 101 to descend, allowing the top blank to... The bottom of the blank 101 is joined to the top of the base blank 102, and then the two are fixedly welded by the fully automatic welding robot arm 7. Specifically, the fully automatic welding robot arm 7 adopts a six-axis linkage robot body and a metal inert gas shielded welding system. The system receives the coordinate signal after the alignment is completed and automatically plans the position and movement trajectory of the fixed welding point. 99.99% pure argon is used as the shielding gas, and a stable electric arc is achieved through constant pressure / constant current control. The uniform fixed welding operation is completed according to the preset program, and the size, penetration and spacing of the welding point are precisely controlled to achieve the automatic positioning and fixing of the top blank 101 and the base blank 102. No manual intervention is required throughout the process, and the welding point consistency is high and the welding deformation is small.

[0044] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A precision machining device for a 6-series aluminum alloy base, comprising a rack (1), a positioning plate (13) is fixed on the rack (1) and used for mounting and positioning a base blank (102); characterized in that: The top of the frame (1) is provided with a fixing mechanism for clamping and positioning the top seat blank (101); the fixing mechanism includes an angled platform (19) that is rotatably installed, on which a support frame (20) and a pressure frame (21) are uniformly slidably arranged in a ring, the support frame (20) extends to the inner top of the top seat blank (101) and provides support, and the pressure frame (21) presses and fixes the top of the top seat blank (101); a pre-processing mechanism is provided on the frame (1) and between the fixing mechanism and the positioning plate (13), the pre-processing mechanism includes a pre-processing cylinder (30) that is rotatably installed, the pre-processing cylinder (30) Both ends are provided with processing grooves, and an airflow mechanism is fixed on the outside of the pre-processing cylinder (30); a processing detection module is rotatably arranged inside the pre-processing cylinder (30), the processing detection module includes two mounting arc boxes (33) that are fixedly connected to each other, and each of the two mounting arc boxes (33) is provided with a moving component, one of the moving components is provided with a milling part, and the other moving component is provided with a laser flatness detector (46) for flatness detection; a processing mechanism is provided at the bottom of the frame (1) for welding the top seat blank (101) and the base blank (102) and for collecting processing waste.

2. The precision machining apparatus for a 6000-series aluminum alloy base according to claim 1, characterized by: The positioning plate (13) has a working hole (1301), and clamping cylinders (14) are fixed on both sides of the positioning plate (13). A clamping plate (15) is fixed on the telescopic rod of the clamping cylinder (14) for clamping and fixing the base blank (102). A visual position detector (16) is provided on the frame (1) for visually detecting the clamping position of the top base blank (101). A fixing cylinder (3) is fixed on the frame (1) and located on both sides of the fixing mechanism. A fixing plate (4) is fixed on the telescopic rod of the fixing cylinder (3).

3. The precision machining equipment for a 6-series aluminum alloy base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing mechanism includes a motor (8) and a guide rod (10) fixed to the bottom of the frame (1), and a lead screw (9) rotatably installed at the bottom of the frame (1). The motor (8) is used to drive the lead screw (9). A position frame (5) is slidably fitted on the guide rod (10). The position frame (5) and the lead screw (9) form a helical pair. One end of the position frame (5) is provided with a welding part, and the other end is provided with a collection part.

4. The precision machining equipment for a 6-series aluminum alloy base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding section includes a lifting electric cylinder one (6) fixed on the position frame (5), and a fully automatic welding robot arm (7) is provided on the telescopic rod of the lifting electric cylinder one (6); the collection section includes a lifting electric cylinder two (11) fixed on the position frame (5), and a collection cylinder (12) is fixed on the telescopic rod of the lifting electric cylinder two (11).

5. The precision machining equipment for a 6-series aluminum alloy base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism includes a height control cylinder (2) fixed to the top of the frame (1), a position adjustment platform (18) fixed on the telescopic rod of the height control cylinder (2), an angle motor (17) fixed on the position adjustment platform (18), and the output shaft of the angle motor (17) fixedly connected to the angle platform (19); a control motor (23) fixed at the bottom of the angle platform (19), a control disk (24) fixed on the output shaft of the control motor (23), a connecting rod (25) rotatably mounted on the control disk (24), one end of the connecting rod (25) rotatably connected to the support frame (20), and the support frame (20) is radially slidably mounted on the bottom of the angle platform (19).

6. The precision machining equipment for a 6-series aluminum alloy base according to claim 5, characterized in that: The support frame (20) is L-shaped. The horizontal end of the support frame (20) supports the top of the inner side of the top seat blank (101). The vertical end of the support frame (20) is provided with a pressure roller (27). The pressure frame (21) is vertically slidably installed on the angle platform (19). A spring (22) for providing elastic force is connected between the pressure frame (21) and the angle platform (19). An extrusion seat (26) is fixed on the side of the pressure frame (21) facing the support frame (20). The extrusion seat (26) has a horizontal surface and an inclined surface. The pressure roller (27) pushes the extrusion seat (26) to make the pressure frame (21) move up and down.

7. The precision machining equipment for a 6-series aluminum alloy base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-processing mechanism includes a flipping motor (28) fixed on the frame (1), a flipping frame (29) fixed on the output shaft of the flipping motor (28), and one end of the flipping frame (29) fixedly connected to the pre-processing cylinder (30); the airflow mechanism includes an airflow control box (31) fixed on the outside of the pre-processing cylinder (30) and two airflow rings (32), the two airflow rings (32) are arranged in an up-down relationship and are both connected to the airflow control box (31).

8. The precision machining equipment for a 6-series aluminum alloy base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing and testing module includes a gear ring (36) fixed inside the pre-processing cylinder (30), two mounting arc boxes (33), one of which is fixed with a rotating motor (34), and a rotating gear (35) is fixed on the output shaft of the rotating motor (34), which meshes with the gear ring (36).

9. The precision machining equipment for a 6-series aluminum alloy base according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving component includes a horizontal slide block (41) slidably mounted on a mounting arc box (33), a machining motor (37) and a machining guide rod (39) fixed on the mounting arc box (33), and a machining lead screw (38) rotatably mounted on the mounting arc box (33). The machining lead screw (38) is driven by the machining motor (37). The horizontal slide block (41) slides with the machining guide rod (39) and forms a helical pair with the machining lead screw (38). A horizontal control electric cylinder (40) is fixed on the horizontal slide block (41). A horizontal slide block (42) is fixed on the telescopic rod of the horizontal control electric cylinder (40). A machining feed cylinder (43) is fixed on the horizontal slide block (42). The milling part includes a milling motor (44) fixed on the telescopic rod of the machining feed cylinder (43). A milling cutter (45) is fixed on the output shaft of the milling motor (44). A laser flatness detector (46) is set on the telescopic rod of the machining feed cylinder (43).

10. A processing technology for a 6-series aluminum alloy base, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Material preparation Top base blank (101): Square boss blank with a pre-drilled hole in the center and a machining allowance of 3~5mm on one side; Base blank (102): Square frame structure blank with a machining allowance of 3~5mm on one side; Material: 6061-T6 aluminum alloy. Step 2: Beveling A V-shaped bevel is machined in the bottom welding area of ​​the top base blank (101): Bevel angle: 60°±5° Blunt edge: 1~1.5mm Roughness: Ra≤12.5μm; Step 3: Welding. Based on the processing equipment described in claim 1, the specific process is as follows: The base blank (102) is clamped onto the positioning plate (13); The top seat blank (101) is supported by the inner support frame (20) and pressed by the pressure frame (21); The visual position detector (16) automatically corrects the angle; The pre-processing cylinder (30) is flipped between the two blanks; The top blank (101) descends into the pre-processing cylinder (30); The two fixing plates (4) are clamped together; The milling unit performs precision planar milling on the bottom surface of the top seat and the top surface of the base to ensure flatness ≤0.05mm; The airflow ring (32) blows away the waste debris, which is then collected by the collection cylinder (12). Laser flatness detector (46) performs full-circumference inspection; welding begins only after the surface passes inspection. The pre-processed cylinder (30) is withdrawn; The top blank (101) descends and precisely fits with the base blank (102); The fully automatic welding robotic arm (7) performs automatic fixed welding and completes positioning; Step 4: Preheating Temperature: 100~150℃ Scope: ≥50mm on both sides of the weld Objective: To reduce porosity and minimize deformation Step 5: Formal Welding MIG / CMT soldering full soldering; Symmetrical welding and segmented back welding are used to control the flatness to ≤0.1mm; Step Six: Aging at 180℃ Temperature: 180℃±5℃ Insulation: 8~10h Cooling with furnace Objective: To relieve welding stress and stabilize dimensions. Step 7: Semi-finishing Using the bottom surface of the base as a reference, mill the outer shape, top surface, and cavity, leaving a finishing allowance of 0.5~0.8mm; Step 8: Finishing Precision milling of reference surfaces, mounting surfaces, and sealing surfaces; Precision boring of the center hole; Chamfering and deburring; Dimensional tolerance ±0.02mm, geometric tolerance ≤0.03mm.

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