An automatic welding production line for box

Abstract

This invention provides an automated welding production line for enclosures. This line achieves fully automated production of enclosure welding. After the side panels are formed by a forming device, they are automatically transferred to a spot welding positioning device via a transfer device. The spot welding positioning device automatically spots welds the edges of the surrounding ring structure, fixing its shape and effectively preventing deformation. The surrounding ring is then joined by roll welding using a surrounding ring welding device. The enclosure spot welding device achieves automatic welding positioning of the enclosure. An enclosure assembly fixture is used to assemble and position the surrounding ring structure and the rear cover, ensuring they are in an assembled state. During transport through the spot welding mechanism, a ring-shaped distribution of second spot welding components positions the welds on each side of the surrounding ring structure and the rear cover, improving welding accuracy. Finally, a roll welding device performs comprehensive roll welding at the butt weld of the rear cover and the surrounding ring structure, achieving automated continuous welding of all enclosure welds, improving enclosure welding efficiency and finished product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of box structure production line technology, specifically to an automated box welding production line. Background Technology

[0002] Box-type structural components, as core load-bearing, protective, or containment parts, have a wide range of applications, such as the boxes of microwave ovens, ovens, and water heaters. The production of boxes requires forming and welding processes to achieve structural forming and performance assurance. The forming accuracy, welding quality, and production efficiency of the boxes directly determine the reliability, safety, and market competitiveness of the end products.

[0003] However, the current enclosure manufacturing industry generally suffers from low automation in welding and excessive reliance on manual operation, specifically exhibiting the following shortcomings: First, it's important to understand that an enclosure mainly consists of a ring structure and a rear cover. Sheet metal is pre-cut using punching equipment to create corresponding back cover and side panels. The side panels are then bent into a ring structure using a forming machine. The rear cover is then attached to one of the openings of this ring structure, forming a complete enclosure structure. The front panel of the enclosure typically uses other connection methods. In the enclosure forming process, the forming and welding processes are separate. Specifically, the welding process has extremely low automation. Furthermore, a complete enclosure has numerous welding points. After bending to form the ring structure, the side edges need to be welded, as do the four edges of the rear cover and the ring structure's end faces. Additionally, the ring structure, after being bent by the forming machine, is highly susceptible to deformation. Therefore, currently, forming machines generally... After bending, the operator removes the box and places it on a welding machine to weld the ring structure. Then, the back cover is assembled to form a box structure, which is then fixed on the welding machine for welding. The entire welding process requires manual intervention, resulting in low welding efficiency and product quality. Some companies are now trying to introduce robots to replace manual welding to improve box quality and personnel safety. However, for boxes that require sealed welding standards, such as those used in the production of microwave ovens and oven liners, the welding of the boxes requires the use of roll welding equipment. If the roll welding unit is installed on a general robot, the robot cannot bear too much weight, and its end effector precision is prone to errors, affecting the welding quality of the boxes. This results in boxes that still have low welding efficiency and quality. Moreover, using robots to replace manual welding cannot achieve automated continuous production. The welding of a single box must be completed before the welding of the next box can begin, making it impossible to form a complete automated production line. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automated welding production line for enclosures, which aims to solve the problems mentioned above and achieve automated production of enclosures from bending and forming to welding, thereby improving the welding efficiency and yield of enclosures.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an automated welding production line for box bodies, comprising multiple robots, and a ring forming station, a ring welding station, a box body assembly station, and a box body welding station arranged in the processing sequence, wherein the robots are used for product movement between adjacent stations; The ring forming station is equipped with a forming device, a spot welding positioning device, and a transfer device. The forming device is used to form the ring structure, and the transfer device transfers the ring structure of the forming device to the spot welding positioning device while keeping it in a horizontal position. The spot welding positioning device includes a ring positioning mechanism and a first spot welding assembly. The ring positioning mechanism is used to fix the ring structure in a horizontal position, and the first spot welding assembly corresponds to the welding point of the ring structure. The circumferential ring welding station is equipped with a circumferential ring welding device for performing roll welding on the welding joints of the circumferential ring structure, and the robot is used for the operation of the circumferential ring structure between the spot welding positioning device and the circumferential ring welding device. The box assembly station is equipped with a box spot welding device, which includes a box assembly fixture and a spot welding mechanism. The box assembly fixture is used for the assembly and positioning of the rear cover and the surrounding ring structure, and can slide linearly. The spot welding mechanism is vertically mounted on the sliding path of the box assembly fixture. The spot welding mechanism includes multiple sets of ring-shaped second spot welding components, each of which faces the center of the spot welding mechanism. When the box assembly fixture transports the rear cover and the surrounding ring to the center of the spot welding mechanism, each set of second spot welding components welds the joint between the rear cover and the surrounding ring structure. The box welding station is equipped with two roll welding devices for welding the butt welds of the rear cover and the surrounding ring structure.

[0006] Optionally, the device includes a first feeding rack located in front of the forming device and a second feeding rack located between the circumferential welding device and the box spot welding device; the first feeding rack and / or the second feeding rack are equipped with a positioning platform, and the upper side of the positioning platform is provided with two fixed positioning members and two retractable positioning members for positioning the side plate, the fixed positioning members are vertically arranged on two adjacent sides of the upper side of the positioning platform, and the retractable positioning members are arranged on the other two adjacent sides.

[0007] Optionally, the ring positioning mechanism includes a back plate, a lifting assembly, a pressing assembly, and two external support assemblies. An inner support frame is provided on the front side of the back plate. The lifting assembly, pressing assembly, and two external support assemblies are respectively arranged on the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the inner support frame, and can all slide closer to or away from the inner support frame. The front end of the inner support frame and the lifting assembly are provided with telescopic cylinders. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder faces the back plate. The first spot welding assembly is slidably arranged above the inner support frame via a vertical track. An ejector block is telescopically provided on the upper side of the inner support frame via an ejector cylinder for pressing against the weld seam at the edge of the ring structure.

[0008] Optionally, the forming device, spot welding positioning device, and transfer device are vertically distributed. The transfer device is located at the angle where the two vertical lines intersect. The transfer device includes a linear track, a horizontal slide, a lifting slide, and a gripping mechanism. One end of the linear track is close to the outlet of the forming device, and the other end is located in front of the spot welding positioning device. The horizontal slide is perpendicular to the linear track. The lifting slide is slidably mounted on the horizontal slide. The lifting slide is equipped with a rotating mechanism that can be raised and lowered, and is rotatably connected to the gripping mechanism through the rotating mechanism. The gripping mechanism includes two grippers that can move closer to or further away from each other. The sides of the two grippers that move closer to each other are equipped with suction cups.

[0009] Optionally, the circumferential welding device includes a placement frame, an a-roll welding track, and an a-roll welding wheel. The robot fixes the circumferential structure on the placement frame. The placement frame is provided with abutment plates corresponding to the weld seams of the circumferential structure. The a-roll welding track is arranged parallel to the placement frame, and the a-roll welding wheel is installed on the a-roll welding track through a lifting mechanism.

[0010] Optionally, a folding and cutting station is provided between the ring welding station and the box assembly station. The folding and cutting station is equipped with a first folding machine, a cutting machine, and a second folding machine. The first folding machine, the cutting machine, and the second folding machine are arranged in the processing sequence. The first folding machine is used to perform horizontal folding at the opening of the ring structure away from the back cover. The cutting machine is used to punch out the corner notch of the horizontal folding edge. The second folding machine is used for vertical folding of the horizontal folding edge.

[0011] Optionally, the hemming and cutting station is provided with a pre-positioning mechanism at its front end and / or rear end according to the processing sequence. The pre-positioning mechanism includes a placement plane, on which four sets of pushing members are distributed in a ring. The four sets of pushing members can be close to or far from the center of the placement plane.

[0012] Optionally, the box-type spot welding device includes a transport track and a lifting frame. The box-type assembly fixture is slidably disposed on the transport track. The lifting frame is disposed in the middle of the transport track and includes a liftable lifting plate. The middle of the lifting plate has an upper mold cover adapted to the box-type assembly fixture. The second spot welding assembly is distributed in a ring on the lifting plate and faces the upper mold cover. The box-type assembly fixture includes a fixed frame, as well as multiple fixed rods and internal supports. The multiple fixed rods are arranged in a ring at the corners on the outside of the fixed frame. The multiple internal supports are distributed in a ring on the upper side of the fixed frame and are all slidably connected to the fixed frame for supporting and positioning the circumferential ring structure and the rear cover from the inside.

[0013] Optionally, the two roller welding devices are used to weld the long and short sides of the butt weld of the back cover and the ring structure, respectively. Both roller welding devices include a b-roll welding track, a b-roll welding wheel, and at least one positioning mold for fixing the box. A pressure block is provided above the positioning mold for pressing the box. The b-roll welding track is located behind the positioning mold. The b-roll welding wheel is telescopically mounted on the b-roll welding track through an extension mechanism.

[0014] Optionally, the circumferential ring structure is annular in shape, with its two sides overlapping to form a weld, and the edge of the rear cover overlapping with the edge of the opening of the circumferential ring structure to form a weld.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides an automated welding production line for a box body, which realizes the automated production of the entire box body welding process. After the side panels are formed by the forming device, they are automatically transferred to the spot welding positioning device by the transfer device. The spot welding positioning device automatically spots welds and positions the welding joints of the perimeter ring structure, fixing the shape of the perimeter ring structure and effectively preventing deformation. The perimeter ring is then connected by roll welding by the perimeter ring welding device. The box body spot welding device realizes the automatic welding positioning of the box body. The box body assembly fixture is used to assemble and position the perimeter ring structure and the rear cover, so that the perimeter ring structure and the rear cover are in the assembled state. When transporting the box body through the spot welding mechanism, the second spot welding component distributed in a ring is used to weld and position the welds on each side of the perimeter ring structure and the rear cover, improving the welding accuracy. Finally, the roll welding device performs full roll welding on the butt weld of the rear cover and the perimeter ring structure, realizing the automated continuous welding of all welds of the box body, improving the box body welding efficiency and the quality of the finished product. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of an automated welding production line for a box body according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the ring forming stations according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the molding apparatus of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spot welding positioning device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the first spot welding assembly, the back plate, and the inner support frame of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circumferential ring welding device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a side view of the box-type spot welding device of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the box assembly fixture of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second spot welding assembly and the lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the roll welding apparatus of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the b-roll welding wheel of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning stage of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-positioning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the hemming and cutting stations of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a perspective view of the housing of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Ring forming station; 2. Ring welding station; 3. Box assembly station; 4. Box welding station; 5. First loading rack; 6. Second loading rack; 7. Folding and cutting station; 8. Pre-positioning mechanism; 9. Robot; 11. Forming device; 12. Spot welding positioning device; 13. Transfer device; 20. Ring welding device; 30. Box spot welding device; 40. Roll welding device; 50. Positioning table; 98. Ring structure; 99. Rear cover; 121. Back plate; 122. Lifting assembly; 123. Pressing assembly; 124. External support assembly; 125. First spot welding assembly; 131. Linear track; 132. Horizontal slide table; 133. Lifting slide table; 134. Gripping mechanism; 201. Placement rack; 202. a. Roll welding track; 203. a. Roll welding wheel; 204. Lifting... Lowering mechanism; 301, box assembly fixture; 302, transport track; 303, lifting frame; 322, second spot welding assembly; 333, lifting plate; 401, positioning mold; 402, b-roll welding wheel; 411, pressure block; 422, b-roll welding track; 432, extension mechanism; 501, fixed positioning component; 502, telescopic positioning component; 701, first folding machine; 702, second folding machine; 703, cutting machine; 801, placement plane; 802, pushing component; 1001, inner corner fixing component; 1002, bending mechanism; 1210, inner support frame; 1211, ejection block; 1222, telescopic cylinder; 1340, rotating mechanism; 1344, suction cup; 3011, fixed frame; 3012, fixed rod; 3013, inner support component; 3030, upper mold cover; Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0022] Example 1 An automated welding production line for enclosures, reference Figure 1 It includes multiple robots 9, and a ring forming station 1, a ring welding station 2, a box assembly station 3, and a box welding station 4 arranged in the processing sequence. The robots 9 are used for product movement between adjacent stations. The ring structure 98 is annular in shape, with its two sides overlapping to form a weld. The edge of the back cover 99 overlaps with the edge of the opening of the ring structure 98 to form a weld. The overlapping position is the weld. After the back cover 99 and the ring structure 98 are assembled, the back cover 99 is placed on the outside of the opening of the ring structure 98. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The arrows only indicate the processing order, not the placement order. Each workstation can determine the placement order according to the actual situation. For example, they can be arranged in a U-shape according to the processing order, or they can be arranged in a straight line.

[0023] The ring forming station 1 is equipped with a forming device 11, a spot welding positioning device 12, and a transfer device 13. The forming device 11 is used to form the ring structure 98, and the transfer device 13 transfers the ring structure 98 formed by the forming device 11 to the spot welding positioning device 12 while maintaining a horizontal position. The spot welding positioning device 12 includes a ring positioning mechanism and a first spot welding assembly 125. The ring positioning mechanism is used to fix the horizontally positioned ring structure 98, and the first spot welding assembly 125 corresponds to the welding point of the ring structure 98. The forming device 11 can directly adopt an existing structure. The forming device 11 includes a forming table, four bending mechanisms 1002, and four inner corner fixing members 1001. The bending mechanisms 1002 are swayably arranged on the upper side of the forming table, and the inner corner fixing members 1001 are vertically arranged above the forming table and are connected to the bending mechanisms. 1002 corresponds one-to-one. The bending mechanism 1002 pushes the side plate to bend around the inner corner fixing member 1001. The inner corner fixing member 1001 can be provided with an arc part or a right angle part. In addition, the bending mechanism 1002 and the inner corner fixing member 1001 are slidably connected to the forming table along the length direction of the forming device 11, so that the bending position can be adjusted, which is suitable for the production of box bodies of different specifications. It should be noted that the bending mechanism 1002 pushes the side plate to fold upward. The edge of the final formed ring structure 98 is in the upper position. At this time, the transfer device 13 transfers it to the spot welding positioning device 12. During the transfer process, the ring structure 98 is kept in a horizontal position with the edge weld facing upward. After the ring positioning mechanism fixes the ring structure 98, the edge weld faces upward. The first spot welding component 125 corresponds to the edge weld and is spot welded to fix it.

[0024] The circumferential welding station 2 is equipped with a circumferential welding device 20 for performing roll welding on the welding joint of the circumferential structure 98. The robot 9 is used to move the circumferential structure 98 between the spot welding positioning device 12 and the circumferential welding device 20. After the spot welding positioning device 12 fixes the circumferential structure 98 by spot welding, the robot 9 takes it out and automatically sends it to the circumferential welding device 20, where the circumferential welding device 20 performs roll welding on the weld. The box assembly station 3 is equipped with a box spot welding device 30. The box spot welding device 30 includes a box assembly fixture 301 and a spot welding mechanism. The box assembly fixture 301 is used for the assembly and positioning of the rear cover 99 and the surrounding ring structure 98, and can slide linearly. The spot welding mechanism is vertically and vertically arranged on the sliding path of the box assembly fixture 301. The spot welding mechanism includes multiple sets of second spot welding components 322 arranged in a ring. Each second spot welding component 322 faces the center of the spot welding mechanism. When the box assembly fixture 301 transports the rear cover 99 and the surrounding ring to the center of the spot welding mechanism, each set of second spot welding components 322 welds the joint between the rear cover 99 and the surrounding ring structure 98. The box welding station 4 is equipped with two roll welding devices 40 for welding the butt weld of the rear cover 99 and the surrounding ring structure 98. The two roll welding devices 40 are mainly for roll welding of the long side and short side of the box. This production line achieves fully automated production of the box body welding process and is connected to the forming device 11. After the side panels are formed by the forming device 11, they are automatically transferred to the spot welding positioning device 12 by the transfer device 13. The spot welding positioning device 12 automatically spots welds and positions the welding points of the perimeter ring structure 98, fixing the shape of the perimeter ring structure 98 and effectively preventing deformation. The perimeter ring is then connected by roll welding by the perimeter ring welding device 20. The box body spot welding device 30 realizes the automatic welding positioning of the box body. The box body assembly fixture 301 is used to assemble and position the perimeter ring structure 98 and the rear cover 99, so that the perimeter ring structure 98 and the rear cover 99 are in the assembly state. When transporting through the spot welding mechanism, the second spot welding component 322 distributed in a ring is used to weld and position the welds on each side of the perimeter ring structure 98 and the rear cover 99, improving the welding accuracy. Finally, the roll welding device 40 performs full roll welding on the butt weld of the rear cover 99 and the perimeter ring structure 98, realizing automated continuous welding of each weld of the box body, improving the welding efficiency and finished product quality of the box body.

[0025] In some embodiments, a first feeding rack 5 is disposed in front of the forming device 11, and a second feeding rack 6 is disposed between the circumferential welding device 20 and the box spot welding device 30. The first feeding rack 5 is used to place the side plate, and the second feeding rack 6 is used to place the rear cover 99. The first feeding rack and / or the second feeding rack are equipped with a positioning table 50. The robot 9 delivers the side plate from the first feeding rack 5 to the positioning table 50. The side plate needs to be positioned by the positioning table 50 before forming to ensure the bending accuracy. The upper side of the positioning table 50 is provided with two fixed positioning members 501 and two retractable positioning members 502 for positioning the side plate. The fixed positioning members 501 are vertically disposed on two adjacent sides of the upper side of the positioning table 50, and the retractable positioning members 502 are... The components are set on the other two adjacent sides. Specifically, the fixed positioning component 501 is set on the front and left sides respectively, and the corners of the front and left sides serve as alignment points. The telescopic positioning component 502 is set on the rear and right sides respectively. The telescopic positioning component 502 can be implemented by a telescopic cylinder. The telescopic positioning component 502 pushes the side plate towards the fixed positioning component 501, and finally the side plate is clamped by the four sides. Then the robot 9 sends it into the forming device 11. The second loading rack 6 is used for stacking the back cover 99. It is also sent by the robot 9 to the box assembly fixture 301 of the box spot welding device 30. Since most of the surface of the side plate and the back cover 99 is a smooth plane, it is easy for the suction cup 1344 to operate. The end of the robot 9 can directly use the suction cup 1344 to pick up the side plate or the back cover 99. Further explanation: In order to improve the fitting accuracy between the back cover 99 and the ring structure 98, the second loading rack 6 can also be equipped with a positioning table 50 for positioning the back cover 99. After the back cover 99 is positioned, it is then picked up and loaded by the robot 9.

[0026] Example 2 After the ring structure 98 is formed, its two edges lack a fixed connection. Before roll welding, the ring structure 98 is prone to shifting or deforming. To pre-fix it, this embodiment uses a ring positioning mechanism and a transfer device 13. The ring positioning mechanism includes a frame, a back plate 121, a lifting assembly 122, a pressing assembly 123, and two external support assemblies 124 mounted on the frame. An inner support frame 1210 is provided on the front side of the back plate 121. The lifting assembly 122, the pressing assembly 123, and the two external support assemblies 124 are respectively located on the top, bottom, left, and right sides of the inner support frame 1210. All four sides can slide closer to or further away from the inner support frame 1210. The inner support frame 1210 and the front end of the lifting assembly 122 are each equipped with a telescopic cylinder 1222. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder 1222 faces the back plate 121. The first spot welding assembly 125 is slidably mounted above the inner support frame 1210 via a vertical track. The circumferential ring structure 98 remains horizontally positioned on the circumferential ring positioning mechanism. The first spot welding assembly 125 performs spot welding on the horizontally positioned circumferential ring structure 98. After bending on the forming device 11, the edge weld of the circumferential ring structure 98 faces upwards. Therefore, to reduce the impact of the circumferential ring structure 98 falling from the forming device... The circumferential ring structure 98 between device 11 and spot welding positioning device 12 rotates. Preferably, the first spot welding assembly 125 is positioned downwards for spot welding. After the circumferential ring structure 98 is placed on the inner support frame 1210, the telescopic cylinder 1222 extends to push the circumferential ring structure 98 to the back plate 121. The lifting assembly 122, the pressing assembly 123, and the two outer support assemblies 124 are all close to the inner support frame 1210, achieving omnidirectional fixation of the circumferential ring structure 98 and ensuring that the edge weld of the circumferential ring structure 98 is below the first spot welding assembly 125. Since the distances of the two outer support assemblies 124 from the inner support frame 1210 are different, therefore... The preferred sequence of motion is as follows: the circumferential structure 98 is placed on the inner support frame 1210; the lifting assembly 122 rises to the underside of the circumferential structure 98; then the telescopic cylinder 1222 extends to push the circumferential structure 98 to the back plate 121; first, one of the outer support assemblies 124 near the inner support frame 1210 is activated to bring it close to the circumferential structure 98; if the circumferential structure 98 deviates from the set position, the outer support assembly 124 will push the circumferential structure 98 so that the weld of the circumferential structure 98 corresponds to the first spot welding assembly 125; then, the other outer support assembly 124 and the pressing assembly 123 are activated to fix the circumferential structure 98. (Refer to...) Figure 5After the two outer support components 124 slide close together, the distance between them is equal to the width of the ring structure 98. After the lifting component 122 and the pressing component 123 slide close together, the distance between them is equal to the height of the ring structure 98. The inner support frame 1210 is provided with an ejector block 1211 on its upper side via an ejector cylinder, which is used to press against the edge weld of the ring structure 98. Since the two sides of the ring structure 98 are not yet fixedly connected at this time, in order to prevent the two sides from separating and affecting the spot welding effect, the ejector block 1211 pushes the lower side edge upward, so that the two sides are close to each other. At this time, the first spot welding component 125 is moved down to spot weld and fix it, so that the edge of the ring structure 98 is fixedly connected and not easily deformed.

[0027] Further explanation: the lifting component 122, the pressing component 123, and the outer support component 124 can all be moved by telescopic mechanisms such as telescopic cylinders that can achieve linear telescopic movement. The telescopic mechanism is fixed on the frame of the ring positioning mechanism, and the moving ends are all oriented towards the center of the inner support frame 1210.

[0028] Although the ring structure 98 is made of metal sheet and has a certain degree of hardness, its two edges lack a fixed connection before welding, making it prone to slight deformation, leading to problems such as overlapping, excessive or insufficient overlap, etc. Therefore, to prevent this, it is necessary to quickly weld and position the edge welds after forming. The forming device 11, spot welding positioning device 12, and transfer device 13 are vertically distributed. The transfer device 13 is located at the angle where the two vertical lines intersect. The transfer device 13 includes a linear track 131, a horizontal slide 132, a lifting slide 133, and a gripping mechanism 134. One end of the linear track 131 is close to the outlet of the forming device 11, and the other end is located in front of the spot welding positioning device 12. The horizontal slide 132 is perpendicular to the linear track 131. The lifting slide 133 is slidably mounted on the horizontal slide 132. The lifting slide 133 is equipped with a rotating mechanism 1340, which is rotatably connected to the gripping mechanism. 134. After the forming device 11 completes the ring structure 98, it is gripped and lifted by the gripping mechanism 134 and slid along the linear track 131 to approach the spot welding positioning device 12. The rotating mechanism 1340 makes the ring structure 98 face the spot welding positioning device 12, and then the horizontal slide table 132 sends it into the inner support frame 1210. The gripping mechanism 134 includes two grippers that can move closer or further apart from each other. The sides of the two grippers that are close to each other are provided with suction cups 1344. The two grippers move closer to each other to clamp the ring structure. In structure 98, note that when the gripping mechanism 134 is in the clamping state, the distance between the two grippers is equal to the width of the ring structure 98. The gripping is mainly achieved by the suction cup 1344 adsorbing the two sides of the ring structure 98. When it is sent into the inner support frame 1210, the gripping mechanism 134 descends through the lifting slide 133, and at the same time releases the ring structure 98, allowing it to fall naturally onto the inner support frame 1210. In addition, the lifting component 122 moves up to support the ring structure 98, and then the ring positioning mechanism completes the positioning of the ring structure 98.

[0029] After spot welding, the ring structure 98 is picked up by robot 9 and transported to ring welding device 20 for roll welding. Ring welding device 20 includes a placement frame 201, a roll welding track 202, and a roll welding wheel 203. Robot 9 fixes the ring structure 98 onto the placement frame 201. The placement frame 201 is provided with abutment plates corresponding to the weld seams of the ring structure 98. The roll welding track 202 is arranged parallel above the placement frame 201. The roll welding wheel 203 is lifted... The lowering mechanism 204 is installed on the a-roll welding track 202. It should be noted that the two sides of the ring structure 98 have been spot welded and fixed, so it is not easy to deform. The robot 9 can directly grip and place it on the placement frame 201, where the a-roll welding wheel 203 can directly perform roll welding on the weld. The upper side of the placement frame 201 is provided with an electrode block that matches the a-roll welding wheel 203. The electrode block corresponds to the weld and can be used by the robot 9 as a clamp to maintain the clamping state during the roll welding process and quickly send it out after the roll welding is completed.

[0030] In some embodiments, a folding and cutting station 7 is provided between the circumferential welding station 2 and the housing assembly station 3. The folding and cutting station 7 is equipped with a first folding machine 701, a cutting machine 703, and a second folding machine 702. The first folding machine 701, the cutting machine 703, and the second folding machine 702 are arranged in processing sequence. The first folding machine 701 is used to perform horizontal folding at the opening of the circumferential structure 98 away from the rear cover 99. The cutting machine 703 is used to punch out the corner notch of the horizontal fold. The second folding machine 702 is used for horizontal folding. The vertical folding of the folding section is used to process the front opening of the box. The folding machine 701 and the folding machine 702 are used to fold the opening, which can improve the overall performance of the box and prevent the opening from being too sharp. The folding machine and the cutting machine 703 can directly adopt the existing structure. The loading and unloading between the first folding machine 701, the cutting machine 703 and the second folding machine 702 are all achieved by the robot 9. If there are no requirements for the front opening of the box, this station can be skipped and the robot 9 can directly send the box to the welding station 4 for the next step of processing. Further explanation: The hemming and cutting station 7 is equipped with a pre-positioning mechanism 8 at its front and / or rear ends according to the processing sequence. This pre-positioning mechanism 8 further positions the ring structure 98, ensuring precise assembly of the ring structure 98 and the rear cover 99. At least one pre-positioning mechanism 8 can be provided, preferably at both the front and rear ends of the hemming and cutting station 7, to ensure the processing accuracy of the ring structure 98. Additionally, the hemming and cutting station 7 processes the front opening of the box, while the rear box spot welding device 30 processes the back opening. Therefore, the robot 9 needs to rotate 180 degrees during unloading so that the back opening faces upwards. This function can also be achieved with existing robots 9, and will not be discussed here. Excessive description; if no flanging is required, the ring structure 98 can be sent by robot 9 to pre-positioning mechanism 8 for positioning after the ring welding device 20 is completed. Then, the next robot 9 will send the positioned ring structure 98 to the box welding station 4. The pre-positioning mechanism 8 includes a placement plane 801. The placement plane 801 has four sets of pushers 802 arranged in a ring. The four sets of pushers 802 can be close to or far from the center of the placement plane 801. With the center of the placement plane 801 as the positioning point, the ring structure 98 is placed on the placement plane 801. By having the four sets of pushers 802 move towards the center together, the ring structure 98 is positioned at the center of the placement plane 801.

[0031] Example 3 To ensure smooth assembly and secure connection of the enclosure structure 98 and the rear cover 99, the box-type spot welding device 30 includes a transport track 302 and a lifting frame 303. The box-type assembly fixture 301 is slidably mounted on the transport track 302. The lifting frame 303 is located in the middle of the transport track 302 and includes a lifting plate 333 and a supporting slide rod. The supporting slide rod is located in the middle of the transport track 302, and the lifting plate 333 is slidably connected to the supporting slide rod. The middle part of the lifting plate 333 has a part adapted to the box-type assembly fixture 301. The upper mold cover 3030, the second spot welding assembly 322 is annularly distributed on the lifting plate 333 and faces the upper mold cover 3030; the box assembly fixture 301 includes a fixed frame 3011, and a plurality of fixed rods 3012 and inner support members 3013. The plurality of fixed rods 3012 are annularly arranged at the corners on the outside of the fixed frame 3011, and the plurality of inner support members 3013 are annularly distributed on the upper side of the fixed frame 3011 and are all slidably connected to the fixed frame 3011, for supporting and positioning the circumferential ring structure 98 and the rear cover 99 from the inside, preferably as follows. Figure 9A total of eight internal support members 3013 are provided, which are respectively located on each side and at each corner. They are divided into side internal supports and corner internal supports. The corner internal supports are shaped like isosceles triangles, and the two sides slide against them. A cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or other power device (which can be located inside the fixed frame 3011) is used to drive the corner internal supports and side internal supports to extend together, or directly drive the corner internal supports to extend or retract the fixed frame 3011. When the corner internal supports extend, they drive the side internal supports to extend together. A reset component, such as a tension spring, can be installed at the rear end to help the side inner support reset. The circumferential ring structure 98 and the rear cover 99 are sequentially fitted onto the fixed frame 3011. The outer fixed rod 3012 and the fixed frame 3011 cooperate to achieve precise positioning of the circumferential ring structure 98. Then, the rear cover 99 is placed on the circumferential ring structure 98. At this time, there may be a gap between the rear cover 99 and the circumferential ring structure 98. The inner support members 3013 extend outward, and the annularly distributed inner support members 3013 expand outward simultaneously, thereby pushing the edge of the circumferential ring structure 98 from the inside until it is close to the rear cover 99 and maintaining this position. In the mating state, the box assembly fixture 301 slides to the other end of the transport track 302. When passing the upper mold cover 3030, the box assembly fixture 301 pauses. At this time, the lifting plate 333 descends until the upper mold cover 3030 is placed on the box assembly fixture 301, using the upper mold cover 3030 to press down on the rear cover 99. The upper mold cover 3030 has openings around its perimeter corresponding to the second spot welding components 322. Multiple second spot welding components 322 correspond to the weld seams of the rear cover 99 and the surrounding ring structure 98 through the openings, and multiple second spot welding components 322 are welded simultaneously. Next, after completion, the lifting plate 333 rises and resets, allowing the box assembly fixture 301 to pass through. The box assembly fixture 301 continues to slide to the other end of the transport track 302, where it is picked up and delivered by the robot 9 to the roll welding device 40. The box assembly fixture 301 resets and slides back to one end of the transport track 302 to repeat the previous step. Further explanation: the rear cover 99 is punched into an internally raised shape, which is not easily deformed. Before assembly, the rear cover 99 can be pre-positioned by the positioning table 50 to ensure the smooth assembly of the rear cover 99 and the surrounding ring structure 98.

[0032] Some box surfaces have different shapes, such as a flat surface where the short side is located and a raised surface where the long side is located. To accommodate these different surface shapes, at least two welding devices 40 are provided. These two welding devices 40 are used to weld the long and short sides of the butt weld between the back cover 99 and the ring structure 98, respectively. Each welding device 40 includes a welding track 422, a welding wheel 402, and at least one positioning mold 401 for fixing the box. The positioning mold 401 is mainly used to fix the box structure, aligning one side of the box's weld with the welding wheel 402. The top of the positioning mold 401 is equipped with an electrode block that engages with the welding wheel 402. The four sides of the box can be considered as the long side of side a, the short side of side b, the long side of side c, and the short side of side d. When the robot 9 places the box structure into one of the positioning molds 401, side a of the box corresponds to the welding wheel 402. At this time, the welding wheel 402 welds the weld on side a. After completion, the robot 9 removes the box. The body structure is rotated horizontally to face c, corresponding to the b-roll welding wheel 402, and so on. To prevent different shapes on different sides of the box, it is preferable that both roll welding devices 40 are equipped with two positioning molds 401. A pressure block 411 is provided above the positioning mold 401 for pressing the box. The rear cover 99 and the surrounding ring structure 98 have formed the box structure after spot welding. The positioning mold 401 is adapted to the inner cavity of the box structure. The robot 9 directly puts the box structure into the positioning mold 401 to complete its processing and positioning. The pressure block 411 is mainly to prevent the box from shifting due to vibration during the roll welding process. The b-roll welding track 422 is set behind the positioning mold 401. The b-roll welding wheel 402 is telescopically set on the b-roll welding track 422 through the extension mechanism 432. The roll welding wheel belongs to the existing roll welding machine structure. Existing roll welding wheels can achieve linear movement. The linear movement drives the roll welding wheel to pass through the weld seam. It will not be described in detail here. It should be noted that, Figure 12 The b-roll welding wheel 402 can slide linearly left and right via the b-roll welding track 422 and slide back and forth via the extension mechanism 432. To prevent missed welding at the corners of the box, it is also suitable for uneven welds. Some box surfaces have certain shapes, such as bulges and depressions. These parts extend to the opening of the ring structure, causing uneven welds. When the b-roll welding wheel 402 slides and rolls along the b-roll welding track 422, the extension mechanism 432 extends synchronously at the corner, so that the b-roll welding wheel 402 can contact the corner and roll weld it.

[0033] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated welding production line for box bodies, characterized in that, It includes multiple robots, as well as ring forming station, ring welding station, box assembly station and box welding station set up in the processing sequence. The robots are used for product movement between adjacent stations. The ring forming station is equipped with a forming device, a spot welding positioning device, and a transfer device. The forming device is used to form the ring structure, and the transfer device transfers the ring structure of the forming device to the spot welding positioning device while keeping it in a horizontal position. The spot welding positioning device includes a ring positioning mechanism and a first spot welding assembly. The ring positioning mechanism is used to fix the ring structure in a horizontal position, and the first spot welding assembly corresponds to the welding point of the ring structure. The circumferential ring welding station is equipped with a circumferential ring welding device for performing roll welding on the welding joints of the circumferential ring structure, and the robot is used for the operation of the circumferential ring structure between the spot welding positioning device and the circumferential ring welding device. The box assembly station is equipped with a box spot welding device, which includes a box assembly fixture and a spot welding mechanism. The box assembly fixture is used for the assembly and positioning of the rear cover and the surrounding ring structure, and can slide linearly. The spot welding mechanism is vertically mounted on the sliding path of the box assembly fixture. The spot welding mechanism includes multiple sets of ring-shaped second spot welding components, each of which faces the center of the spot welding mechanism. When the box assembly fixture transports the rear cover and the surrounding ring to the center of the spot welding mechanism, each set of second spot welding components welds the joint between the rear cover and the surrounding ring structure. The box welding station is equipped with two roll welding devices for welding the butt welds of the rear cover and the surrounding ring structure.

2. The automated welding production line for a box body according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a first feeding rack located in front of the forming device and a second feeding rack located between the circumferential welding device and the box spot welding device; the first feeding rack and / or the second feeding rack are equipped with a positioning platform, and the upper side of the positioning platform is provided with two fixed positioning members and two retractable positioning members for positioning the side plate, the fixed positioning members are vertically arranged on two adjacent sides of the upper side of the positioning platform, and the retractable positioning members are arranged on the other two adjacent sides.

3. The automated welding production line for a box body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring positioning mechanism includes a back plate, a lifting assembly, a pressing assembly, and two external support assemblies. An inner support frame is provided on the front side of the back plate. The lifting assembly, pressing assembly, and two external support assemblies are respectively provided on the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the inner support frame, and can all slide closer to or further away from the inner support frame. The front end of the inner support frame and the lifting assembly are provided with telescopic cylinders. The telescopic end of the telescopic cylinder faces the back plate. The first spot welding assembly is slidably provided above the inner support frame via a vertical track. An ejector block is provided on the upper side of the inner support frame via an ejector cylinder for pressing against the weld seam at the edge of the ring structure.

4. The automated welding production line for box bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forming device, spot welding positioning device, and transfer device are vertically distributed. The transfer device is located at the angle where the two vertical lines intersect. The transfer device includes a linear track, a horizontal slide, a lifting slide, and a gripping mechanism. One end of the linear track is close to the outlet of the forming device, and the other end is located in front of the spot welding positioning device. The horizontal slide is perpendicular to the linear track. The lifting slide is slidably mounted on the horizontal slide. The lifting slide is equipped with a rotating mechanism that can be raised and lowered, and is rotatably connected to the gripping mechanism through the rotating mechanism. The gripping mechanism includes two grippers that can move closer or further apart from each other. The sides of the two grippers that are close to each other are equipped with suction cups.

5. The automated welding production line for a box body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circumferential welding device includes a placement frame, an a-roll welding track, and an a-roll welding wheel. The robot fixes the circumferential structure on the placement frame. The placement frame is provided with abutment plates corresponding to the weld seams of the circumferential structure. The a-roll welding track is arranged parallel to the placement frame, and the a-roll welding wheel is installed on the a-roll welding track through a lifting mechanism.

6. The automated welding production line for box bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, A folding and cutting station is provided between the welding station for the circumferential ring and the assembly station for the box body. The folding and cutting station is equipped with a first folding machine, a cutting machine, and a second folding machine. The first folding machine, the cutting machine, and the second folding machine are arranged in the processing sequence. The first folding machine is used to perform horizontal folding at the opening of the circumferential ring structure away from the back cover. The cutting machine is used to punch out the corner notch of the horizontal folding edge. The second folding machine is used for vertical folding of the horizontal folding edge.

7. The automated welding production line for a box body according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hemming and cutting station is equipped with a pre-positioning mechanism at its front end and / or rear end according to the processing sequence. The pre-positioning mechanism includes a placement plane, on which four sets of pushing members are arranged in a ring. The four sets of pushing members can be close to or far from the center of the placement plane.

8. The automated welding production line for box bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, The box-type spot welding device includes a transport track and a lifting frame. The box-type assembly fixture is slidably disposed on the transport track. The lifting frame is disposed in the middle of the transport track and includes a liftable lifting plate. The middle of the lifting plate has an upper mold cover adapted to the box-type assembly fixture. The second spot welding component is distributed in a ring on the lifting plate and faces the upper mold cover. The box assembly fixture includes a fixed frame, multiple fixed rods and internal support members. The multiple fixed rods are arranged in a ring at the corners on the outside of the fixed frame, and the multiple internal support members are distributed in a ring on the upper side of the fixed frame and are all slidably connected to the fixed frame, for supporting and positioning the ring structure and the back cover from the inside.

9. The automated welding production line for a box body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two roller welding devices are respectively used to weld the long side and short side of the butt weld of the back cover and the ring structure. Both roller welding devices include a b-roll welding track, a b-roll welding wheel, and at least one positioning mold for fixing the box. A pressure block is provided above the positioning mold for pressing the box. The b-roll welding track is located behind the positioning mold. The b-roll welding wheel is telescopically mounted on the b-roll welding track through an extension mechanism.

10. The automated welding production line for a box body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ring structure is ring-shaped with its two sides overlapping to form a weld. The edge of the back cover overlaps with the edge of the opening of the ring structure to form a weld.

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