A decoupling device for a single filament tow melt impregnation multi-process and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a single-filament bundle melting impregnation multi-process decoupling device and a use method, and relates to the technical field of continuous fiber prepreg preparation. The device comprises a fiber placement platform, a mounting plate, a resin coating mechanism, a pressure applying mechanism and a controller. The fiber placement platform is fixed to the desktop of a high-precision multi-axis motion platform, the top of the fiber placement platform is fixed with a fiber bundle and provides first set temperature heating; the mounting plate is fixed to the end of a moving part; the resin coating mechanism is mounted on the mounting plate, provides second set temperature heating, heats resin filaments into molten resin and coats the surface of the fiber bundle; the pressure applying mechanism is mounted on the mounting plate, applies set pressure to the molten resin to extrude and flatten, and simultaneously provides third set temperature heating to make the molten resin infiltrate single filaments; the controller is electrically connected with each mechanism and coordinately controls the heating temperature and the pressure parameters. The application can help understand the influence trend of multi-process on impregnation efficiency, and guide process optimization of prepreg melting preparation equipment at low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of continuous fiber prepreg preparation technology, and in particular to a decoupling device and method for multi-process melt impregnation of single filament bundles. Background Technology

[0002] Continuous fiber prepreg is used in continuous fiber 3D printing, and its quality has a significant impact on the stability and accuracy of the printing process, as well as the performance of the printed parts. Among these factors, the quality control of the prepreg impregnation process is particularly critical. Insufficient impregnation can result in porosity and dry fibers, which can significantly reduce the tensile properties of the prepreg.

[0003] In the melt impregnation process of prepreg, the impregnation behavior of a single fiber bundle is influenced by the coupling of multiple processes, including pressure, temperature, and speed. To optimize the process, improve impregnation efficiency, and achieve optimal impregnation quality, it is necessary to decouple these multiple processes and systematically explore the influence mechanisms of each process and the trends of their coupling effects. However, currently, there is a lack of effective equipment to meet this need. Therefore, developing a multi-process decoupling device for single-fiber bundle melt impregnation is of great significance for exploring the impregnation process window and guiding the optimization of prepreg melt impregnation equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a decoupling device and method for single-filament melt impregnation of multiple processes, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, help explore the impregnation process window of single-filament fibers in different fiber-resin systems, understand the influence trend of multiple processes on impregnation efficiency, and guide the optimization of prepreg melt preparation equipment to achieve efficient and high-quality impregnation at low cost.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a decoupling device for multi-process melt impregnation of monofilament bundles, comprising: a fiber placement platform, a mounting plate, a resin coating mechanism, a pressure application mechanism, and a controller. The fiber placement platform is fixed to the tabletop of a high-precision multi-axis motion platform, and the top of the fiber placement platform is used to fix the fiber bundle and provide heating to the fiber bundle at a first set temperature. The mounting plate is used to fix the end of the moving part of the high-precision multi-axis motion platform. The resin coating mechanism is mounted on the mounting plate and is used to provide heating at a second set temperature to heat the resin filament supplied from a distance into molten resin, and to apply the molten resin to the surface of the fiber bundle placed on the fiber placement platform. The pressure application mechanism is mounted on the mounting plate and is able to apply a set pressure to the molten resin coated on the surface of the fiber bundle for squeezing and smoothing, while simultaneously providing heating at a third set temperature to allow the molten resin to impregnate the monofilaments in the fiber bundle. The controller is electrically connected to the fiber placement platform, the resin coating mechanism, and the pressure application mechanism, and is used to coordinate and control the heating temperature and pressure parameters of each mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the fiber placement platform includes a copper strip base, a plurality of first heating elements and a plurality of first temperature measuring elements. The top of the copper strip base is used to fix the fiber bundle. The copper strip base is uniformly provided with a plurality of first mounting hole groups along its length. The first heating elements and the first temperature measuring elements are installed in the first mounting hole groups respectively. The first heating elements are used to heat the copper strip base, and the first temperature measuring elements are used to monitor the temperature of the copper strip base in real time and feed it back to the controller to realize closed-loop control of the first set temperature.

[0007] Preferably, the copper strip base is made of brass.

[0008] Preferably, the resin coating mechanism includes a connecting block, a throat, a nozzle, a heating block, a second heating element, and a second temperature measuring element. One end of the throat is mounted on the mounting plate via the connecting block and its angle can be adjusted. It is also connected to a resin filament supply device at a distance. The other end of the throat is coaxially connected to and communicates with the nozzle. The heating block is sleeved and fixed at the connection between the throat and the nozzle. The heating block is provided with a second set of mounting holes for mounting the second heating element and the second temperature measuring element. The second heating element heats the heating block to melt the resin filament flowing through the throat. The second temperature measuring element monitors the temperature of the heating block in real time and feeds it back to the controller to achieve closed-loop control of the second set temperature. The outlet end of the nozzle faces the fiber placement platform and is set at a set distance to uniformly coat the molten resin onto the fiber bundle surface.

[0009] Preferably, the resin coating mechanism further includes multiple first fixing bolts, multiple nuts, an L-shaped fixing block, a heat dissipation pipe, and a cooling fan. The mounting plate is provided with multiple first elongated holes, each of which is parallel in the height direction. The connecting block is provided with multiple second elongated holes, with the first elongated holes and corresponding second elongated holes arranged obliquely. The first fixing bolts pass through the first elongated holes and the second elongated holes and cooperate with the nuts to fix the connecting block to the mounting plate and to adjust the rotation angle of the connecting block. The heat dissipation pipe is internally threaded with the throat tube. The heat dissipation pipe is fixedly connected to the connecting block through the L-shaped fixing block, and the throat tube is arranged parallel to the connecting block so that it can follow the angle adjustment of the connecting block. The cooling fan is mounted on the outer surface of the heat dissipation pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure application mechanism includes a pressure applying element, a pressure sensing element, a guide element, a third heating element, and a third temperature sensing element. The pressure applying element is movably mounted on the mounting plate along the pressure application direction via the guide element. One end of the pressure sensing element is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the movable end of the guide element, so as to transmit the force of the mounting plate to the pressure applying element and monitor the pressure value in real time. The bottom of the pressure applying element is used to contact the molten resin coated on the surface of the fiber bundle and apply a set pressure. A third mounting hole group is provided on one side of the pressure applying element. The third mounting hole group is used to install the third heating element and the third temperature sensing element. The third heating element is used to heat the pressure applying element, and the third temperature sensing element is used to monitor the temperature of the pressure applying element in real time and feed it back to the controller to realize closed-loop control of the third set temperature.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure application mechanism further includes a heat insulation plate, the guide includes a linear slide rail and a slider, the linear slide rail is fixed to the mounting plate, the slider is slidably disposed on the linear slide rail, the heat insulation plate is fixedly connected to the slider, the pressure application component is fixedly connected to the side of the heat insulation plate away from the slider, and the pressure detection component is a tension / compression sensor, the two ends of the tension / compression sensor are respectively connected to the mounting plate and the heat insulation plate through an upper fixing block and a lower fixing block.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure-applying component is a pressure-applying pin, which is fixedly connected to the heat insulation plate. The axial direction of the pressure-applying pin is parallel to the width direction of the fiber bundle. The mounting plate is an L-shaped connecting plate, and both the resin coating mechanism and the pressure application mechanism are fixedly mounted on the L-shaped connecting plate. The top of the L-shaped connecting plate is provided with multiple platform connection holes, which are used to be fixedly connected to the end of the moving parts of the high-precision multi-axis motion platform.

[0013] Preferably, the outlet end of the nozzle and the middle part of the pressure-applying member are located in the same vertical plane, and the lower end of the nozzle and the lower end of the pressure-applying member are located at the same horizontal height.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method of using the single-filament melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: Preparation phase: Place the fiber bundle flat on top of the fiber placement platform and secure both sides of the fiber bundle with heat-resistant tape. The controller sets the first set temperature Tfiber of the fiber placement platform, the second set temperature T of the resin coating mechanism, the third set temperature T of the pressure application mechanism, and the set pressure F. Impregnation operation stage: The high-precision multi-axis motion platform controls the mounting plate to move the resin coating mechanism and the pressure application mechanism, so that the pressure application end of the pressure application mechanism descends to contact the fiber bundle placed on the fiber placement platform, and the pressure value is monitored in real time. When the pressure reaches the set pressure F, the pressure application position is maintained. The controller sets the initial resin supply speed S0 and simultaneously controls the high-precision multi-axis motion platform to drive the mounting plate to move along the fiber bundle length direction at a speed V. The pressure application mechanism applies a set pressure to the molten resin coated on the fiber bundle surface to squeeze and smooth it, so that the molten resin can wet the monofilaments in the fiber bundle. Observe the width of the resin after it has been compressed and flattened and stabilized. If the width of the resin is greater than or less than the width W of the fiber placement platform, then the resin supply speed S is reduced or increased by the controller. Results Acquisition Stage: When the resin width of the sample is approximately equal to the width W of the fiber placement platform, the experimental data Tfiber, T, F, and V of the strip sample are acquired. The sample is then subjected to cold embedding and polishing treatment. Subsequently, the impregnation section is analyzed by microscopic morphology observation method to extract the degree of fiber impregnation.

[0015] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: This invention provides a decoupling device and method for multi-process melt impregnation of single filament bundles. This device achieves precise decoupled control of temperature, speed, and pressure parameters by modularly and independently designing the fiber placement platform, resin coating mechanism, and pressure application mechanism. The first set temperature Tfiber of the fiber placement platform can independently adjust the preheating temperature of the fiber bundle; the second set temperature T of the resin coating mechanism can independently control the melting state of the resin and the coating temperature; and the third set temperature T and pressure F of the pressure application mechanism can independently adjust the hot-pressing conditions during impregnation. This decoupled design allows each process parameter to change independently without interfering with each other, facilitating a systematic study of the influence of a single process parameter on impregnation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device provided by the present invention. Figure 2 An exploded view of the structure of the single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A front view of the single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device provided by the present invention during the experimental process; Figure 4 A simplified flowchart of the experimental process for the single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device provided by the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Mounting plate; 101. Platform connection hole; 102. First elongated hole; 2. Pressure application mechanism; 201. Linear slide rail; 202. Slider; 203. Heat insulation plate; 204. Lower fixing block; 205. Pressure application component; 206. Third heating element; 207. Third temperature measuring element; 208. Upper fixing block; 209. Pressure detection component; 3. Resin coating mechanism; 301. Connecting block; 302. Second elongated hole; 303. L-shaped fixing block; 304. Heat dissipation pipe; 305. Cooling fan; 306. Throat; 307. Heating block; 308. Second heating element; 309. Second temperature measuring element; 310. Nozzle; 4. Fiber placement platform; 401. Fiber bundle; 402. Heat-resistant tape; 403. Copper strip base; 404. First heating element; 405. First temperature measuring element. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The purpose of this invention is to provide a decoupling device and method for single-filament melt impregnation of multiple processes, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, help explore the impregnation process window of single-filament fibers in different fiber-resin systems, understand the influence trend of multiple processes on impregnation efficiency, and guide the optimization of prepreg melt preparation equipment to achieve efficient and high-quality impregnation at low cost.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1 This embodiment provides a single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, the system includes: a fiber placement platform 4, a mounting plate 1, a resin coating mechanism 3, a pressure application mechanism 2, and a controller. The fiber placement platform 4 is fixed to the tabletop of a high-precision multi-axis motion platform. The top of the fiber placement platform 4 is used to fix the fiber bundle 401 and can provide heating to the fiber bundle 401 at a first set temperature. The mounting plate 1 is used to fix the end of the moving part of the high-precision multi-axis motion platform. The resin coating mechanism 3 is mounted on the mounting plate 1 and is used to provide heating at a second set temperature to heat the resin filament supplied from the distal end into molten resin and apply the molten resin to the surface of the fiber bundle 401 placed on the fiber placement platform 4. The pressure application mechanism 2 is mounted on the mounting plate 1. On plate 1, a set pressure is applied to the molten resin coated on the surface of fiber bundle 401 for extrusion and smoothing, while a third set temperature is provided for heating so that the molten resin impregnates the monofilaments in fiber bundle 401; the controller is electrically connected to fiber placement platform 4, resin coating mechanism 3 and pressure application mechanism 2 to coordinate and control the heating temperature and pressure parameters of each mechanism. This structural design clarifies the function and connection relationship of each component. By coordinating multiple mechanisms through the controller, precise control of fiber bundle 401 preheating, resin molten coating and impregnation pressure and temperature can be achieved, providing a basis for exploring the influence of different process parameters on monofilament bundle molten impregnation and helping to optimize the prepreg preparation process.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the fiber placement platform 4 includes a copper strip base 403, multiple first heating elements 404, and multiple first temperature measuring elements 405. The top of the copper strip base 403 is used to fix the fiber bundle 401. The copper strip base 403 has multiple sets of first mounting holes evenly distributed along its length. The first heating elements 404 and the first temperature measuring elements 405 are correspondingly installed in the first sets of mounting holes. The first heating elements 404 are used to heat the copper strip base 403, and the first temperature measuring elements 405 are used to monitor the temperature of the copper strip base 403 in real time and feed it back to the controller to achieve closed-loop control of the first set temperature. The copper strip base 403 provides stable support for the fiber bundle 401. The multiple first heating elements 404 and the first temperature measuring elements 405 work together to achieve uniform heating and precise temperature control. The closed-loop control can automatically adjust the heating according to the real-time temperature feedback to ensure the accuracy of the preheating temperature of the fiber bundle 401, provide stable starting conditions for the subsequent impregnation process, and improve the repeatability of the experiment and the reliability of the results.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the copper strip base 403 is made of brass. Brass has good thermal conductivity, which enables the copper strip base 403 to transfer heat more quickly and evenly. This helps the fiber bundle 401 to be heated evenly, further improving the uniformity of the preheating temperature of the fiber bundle 401. The temperature uniformity improves the consistency of the impregnation quality of the prepared sample and facilitates the final observation of the impregnation degree of the sample cross-section.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the resin coating mechanism 3 includes a connecting block 301, a throat 306, a nozzle 310, a heating block 307, a second heating element 308, and a second temperature measuring element 309. One end of the throat 306 is mounted on the mounting plate 1 via the connecting block 301, and its angle can be adjusted. It is also connected to a remote resin filament supply device. The other end of the throat 306 is coaxially connected to and communicates with the nozzle 310. The heating block 307 is sleeved and fixed at the connection between the throat 306 and the nozzle 310, and the heating block 307 is provided with a second set of mounting holes. The second mounting hole assembly is used to install the second heating element 308 and the second temperature sensing element 309. The second heating element 308 heats the heating block 307 to melt the resin filaments flowing through the throat 306. The second temperature sensing element 309 monitors the temperature of the heating block 307 in real time and feeds it back to the controller to achieve closed-loop control of the second set temperature. The outlet end of the nozzle 310 is set towards the fiber placement platform 4 and maintained at a set distance to uniformly coat the molten resin onto the surface of the fiber bundle 401. This structural design allows for flexible adjustment of the throat 306 angle to adapt to different experimental requirements. The heating block 307, the second heating element 308, and the second temperature sensing element 309 work together to achieve precise control of the resin filament melting temperature, ensuring that the resin is coated onto the surface of the fiber bundle 401 in a suitable molten state, guaranteeing uniform coating, and facilitating stable impregnation quality for analysis.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the resin coating mechanism 3 further includes multiple first fixing bolts, multiple nuts, an L-shaped fixing block 303, a heat dissipation pipe 304, and a cooling fan 305. The mounting plate 1 has multiple first elongated holes 102 arranged parallel to each other in the height direction. The connecting block 301 has multiple second elongated holes 302 arranged obliquely intersecting the first elongated holes 102 and their corresponding second elongated holes 302. The first fixing bolts pass through the first elongated holes 102 and the second elongated holes 302 and then engage with the nuts to fix the connecting block 301 to the mounting plate 1. The heat sink 304 is mounted on plate 1 and the angle of the connecting block 301 can be adjusted. A throat 306 is internally threaded onto the heat sink 304. The heat sink 304 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 301 via an L-shaped fixing block 303, and the throat 306 is set parallel to the connecting block 301 so that it can follow the angle adjustment of the connecting block 301. A cooling fan 305 is mounted on the outer surface of the heat sink 304. The angle of the connecting block 301 can be finely adjusted via a first fixing bolt, nut, and obliquely intersecting elongated holes, thereby precisely adjusting the position and angle of the throat 306 and the nozzle 310, making resin coating more accurate. The arrangement of the heat sink 304 and the cooling fan 305 helps control the temperature of the resin filament before it enters the heating block 307, preventing premature melting or excessively high temperatures that could affect resin performance, further improving the stability and quality of the coating.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure applying mechanism 2 includes a pressure applying element 205, a pressure sensing element 209, a guide element, a third heating element 206, and a third temperature sensing element 207. The pressure applying element 205 is movably mounted on the mounting plate 1 along the pressure applying direction via the guide element. One end of the pressure sensing element 209 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the movable end of the guide element, so as to transmit the force of the mounting plate 1 to the pressure applying element 205 and monitor the pressure value in real time. The bottom of the pressure applying element 205 is used to contact the molten resin coated on the surface of the fiber bundle 401 and apply a set pressure. A third mounting hole group is provided on one side of the pressure applying element 205 for mounting the third heating element 206 and the third temperature sensing element 207. The heating element 206 and the third temperature sensing element 207 are used to heat the pressure-applying component 205. The third temperature sensing element 207 is used to monitor the temperature of the pressure-applying component 205 in real time and feed it back to the controller to achieve closed-loop control of the third set temperature. The guide component ensures the accuracy and stability of the pressure direction of the pressure-applying component 205. The pressure detection element 209 monitors the pressure value in real time to achieve precise control of the applied pressure. The third heating element 206 and the third temperature sensing element 207 work together to achieve closed-loop control of the temperature of the pressure-applying component 205, ensuring that while pressure is applied, the molten resin impregnates the fiber bundle 401 at a suitable temperature, thereby improving the controllability and consistency of the impregnation process.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure application mechanism 2 further includes a heat insulation plate 203. The guide includes a linear slide rail 201 and a slider 202. The linear slide rail 201 is fixed to the mounting plate 1, and the slider 202 is slidably mounted on the linear slide rail 201. The heat insulation plate 203 is fixedly connected to the slider 202. The pressure application component 205 is fixedly connected to the side of the heat insulation plate 203 away from the slider 202. The pressure detection component 209 is a tension / compression sensor. The two ends of the tension / compression sensor are respectively connected to the mounting plate 1 and the heat insulation plate 203 via an upper fixing block 208 and a lower fixing block 204. The heat insulation plate 203 effectively reduces the heat transfer from the pressure application component 205 to the mounting plate 1 and other components, preventing thermal impact on other components. The combination of the linear slide rail 201 and the slider 202 makes the movement of the pressure application component 205 smoother, improving the stability and accuracy of pressure application.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure-applying component 205 is a pressure-applying pin, which is machined from a smooth chrome-plated hard pin. The pressure-applying pin has a smooth surface and high hardness. It is fixedly connected to the heat insulation plate, and its axial direction is parallel to the width direction of the fiber bundle 401. The mounting plate 1 is an L-shaped connecting plate, on which both the resin coating mechanism 3 and the pressure application mechanism 2 are fixedly mounted. The top of the L-shaped connecting plate is provided with multiple platform connection holes 101, which are used to fixably connect to the ends of the moving parts of the high-precision multi-axis motion platform. The pressure-applying pin has good thermal conductivity, which can better transfer heat and make the temperature of the molten resin more uniform during the pressure process. The rotating connection can reduce friction with the surface of the fiber bundle 401 and avoid damage to the fiber bundle 401. The L-shaped connecting plate facilitates the installation and layout of the resin coating mechanism 3 and the pressure application mechanism 2, and the platform connection holes 101 achieve a stable connection with the high-precision multi-axis motion platform, ensuring the stability of the entire device during the movement process.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the outlet end of the nozzle 310 and the middle part of the pressure member 205 are located in the same vertical plane, and the lower end of the nozzle 310 and the lower end of the pressure member 205 are at the same horizontal height. This arrangement ensures that the molten resin extruded from the nozzle 310 can contact the pressure member 205 at the optimal position, so that the pressure member 205 can more effectively squeeze and smooth the molten resin, promote the uniform wetting of the fiber bundle 401 by the molten resin, and improve the impregnation quality and effect.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the first heating element 404, the second heating element 308, and the third heating element 206 are all ceramic heating rods, and the first temperature sensing element 405, the second temperature sensing element 309, and the third temperature sensing element 207 are all K-type thermocouples. Ceramic heating rods have advantages such as high temperature resistance, good insulation performance, and high thermal efficiency, enabling them to operate stably in high-temperature environments and meet the stringent requirements of the melt impregnation process for heating elements. K-type thermocouples have a wide temperature measurement range, high accuracy, and fast response speed, enabling real-time and accurate monitoring of temperature changes in each heating zone. This provides reliable feedback signals for the closed-loop temperature control of the controller, ensuring the accuracy and stability of temperature control in the three heating zones.

[0031] The present invention also provides a method of using the single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device as described in any of the above claims, comprising the following steps: 1. Equipment preparation and installation: Installation on the motion platform: Secure the L-shaped connecting plate to the end of the moving component of the high-precision multi-axis motion platform through the platform connection hole 101 on the top, ensuring a firm connection. The fiber placement platform 4 is fixed to the tabletop of the high-precision multi-axis motion platform to ensure its stable position.

[0032] Connection and debugging of various mechanisms: Resin coating mechanism 3: One end of the throat 306 is mounted on the L-shaped connecting plate via the connecting block 301. Utilizing the characteristic of the first fixing bolt, nut, and the obliquely intersecting arrangement of the first elongated hole 102 on the mounting plate 1 and the second elongated hole 302 on the connecting block 301, the rotation angle of the connecting block 301 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the position and angle of the throat 306 and the nozzle 310, ensuring that the outlet end of the nozzle 310 faces the fiber placement platform 4 and maintains a set distance. Ensure that the heat dissipation pipe 304 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 301 via the L-shaped fixing block 303, and that the throat 306 is arranged parallel to the connecting block 301. The cooling fan 305 is mounted on the outer surface of the heat dissipation pipe 304. Connect the remote resin filament supply equipment to the throat 306.

[0033] Pressure application mechanism 2: A linear slide rail 201 is fixed to an L-shaped connecting plate, a slider 202 is slidably mounted on the linear slide rail 201, a heat insulation plate 203 is fixedly connected to the slider 202, and a pressure pin (pressure application element 205) is fixedly connected to the heat insulation plate 203 on the side away from the slider 202, and rotatably connected to the lower fixing block 204, so that the axial direction of the pressure pin is parallel to the width direction of the fiber bundle 401. The tension / compression sensor (pressure detection element 209) is connected at both ends to the L-shaped connecting plate and the heat insulation plate 203 respectively via the upper fixing block 208 and the lower fixing block 204.

[0034] Electrical connection: The controller is electrically connected to the first heating element 404 and the first temperature measuring element 405 of the fiber placement platform 4, the second heating element 308 and the second temperature measuring element 309 of the resin coating mechanism 3, the third heating element 206 and the third temperature measuring element 207 of the pressure application mechanism 2, and the tension and compression sensor to ensure that each component can be accurately controlled and monitored by the controller.

[0035] 2. Experimental parameter settings: Temperature settings: The first set temperature Tfiber of the fiber placement platform 4 is set via the controller. This temperature is the preheating temperature before impregnation of the fiber bundle 401 and is determined according to the material of the fiber bundle 401 and experimental requirements. The second set temperature T of the resin coating mechanism 3 is set. This temperature is used to heat the resin filaments into molten resin and needs to be set according to the characteristics of the resin material. The third set temperature T of the pressure application mechanism 2 is set. This temperature ensures that the molten resin is within a suitable temperature range when impregnating the fiber bundle 401 under pressure.

[0036] Pressure setting: According to experimental requirements, the set pressure F applied to the molten resin coated on the fiber bundle 401 by the pressure application component 205 (pressure application pin) is set by the controller.

[0037] 3. Preparation of fiber bundle 401: Fixing the fiber bundle 401: Cut the continuous fiber bundle 401 and place it flat on the top center of the copper strip base 403 of the fiber placement platform 4. Use heat-resistant tape 402 to stick the fiber bundle 401 on both sides to ensure that the fiber bundle 401 is fixed in position during the experiment.

[0038] 4. Heating process: Fiber bundle 401 preheating: Multiple first heating elements 404 on the fiber placement platform 4 begin heating the copper strip base 403 according to controller instructions. Multiple first temperature sensing elements 405 monitor the temperature of the copper strip base 403 in real time and feed the temperature information back to the controller. The controller automatically adjusts the heating power of the first heating elements 404 based on the feedback temperature, realizing closed-loop control of the first set temperature Tfiber, so that the fiber bundle 401 is uniformly heated to reach the preheating temperature.

[0039] Resin melting: The second heating element 308 of the resin coating mechanism 3 heats the heating block 307, and the second temperature sensing element 309 monitors the temperature of the heating block 307 in real time and feeds it back to the controller. The controller adjusts the heating power of the second heating element 308 according to the feedback to achieve closed-loop control of the second set temperature T. The resin filaments supplied from the remote end flow through the throat 306 and are heated into molten resin in the area of ​​the heating block 307, and then uniformly coated onto the surface of the fiber bundle 401 through the nozzle 310.

[0040] Preheating of pressure application component 205: The third heating element 206 of the pressure application mechanism 2 heats the pressure application pin (pressure application component 205), and the third temperature sensing element 207 monitors the temperature of the pressure application pin in real time and feeds it back to the controller. The controller uses closed-loop control to make the pressure application pin reach and maintain the third set temperature T.

[0041] 5. Impregnation operation Pressure Contact: The L-shaped connecting plate, controlled by a high-precision multi-axis motion platform, moves the resin coating mechanism 3 and the pressure application mechanism 2, causing the pressure pin to descend and contact the fiber bundle 401 placed on the fiber placement platform. A tension / compression sensor monitors the pressure value in real time. When the pressure reaches the set pressure F, the high-precision multi-axis motion platform maintains the position of the pressure pin.

[0042] Impregnation motion: The controller sets the initial resin supply speed S0 and simultaneously controls the high-precision multi-axis motion platform to drive the L-shaped connecting plate to move at a speed V along the length direction (X-axis direction) of the fiber bundle 401. During the motion, the pressure pin applies a set pressure to the molten resin coated on the surface of the fiber bundle 401 to squeeze and smooth it, so that the molten resin impregnates the monofilaments in the fiber bundle 401.

[0043] Resin speed adjustment: Observe the width of the resin after it has been squeezed and flattened and stabilized. If the resin width is greater than or less than the width W of the copper strip base 403, the resin supply speed S is reduced or increased accordingly by the controller to ensure that the pressure F acts on the fiber bundle 401 for impregnation and obtains a consistent pressure.

[0044] 6. Results Acquisition and Analysis Sample acquisition: When the resin width of the sample is approximately equal to the width W of the copper strip base 403, the test data Tfiber, T, F, and V of the strip sample at this time are obtained.

[0045] Analysis and processing: The obtained strip samples were subjected to cold embedding and grinding treatment. Then, the impregnation section was analyzed by microscopic morphology observation method to extract the degree of fiber impregnation, so as to study the influence of different process parameters (temperature, pressure, speed, etc.) on the melt impregnation of monofilament bundles.

[0046] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device, characterized in that: include: A fiber placement platform is fixed to the desktop of a high-precision multi-axis motion platform. The top of the fiber placement platform is used to fix the fiber bundle and can provide heating to the fiber bundle at a first set temperature. Mounting plate, the mounting plate being used to fix the end of the moving parts of the high-precision multi-axis motion platform; A resin coating mechanism is mounted on the mounting plate and is used to provide heating at a second set temperature to heat the resin filament supplied from the distal end into molten resin and to coat the molten resin onto the surface of the fiber bundle placed on the fiber placement platform. A pressure application mechanism is mounted on the mounting plate and is capable of applying a set pressure to the molten resin coated on the surface of the fiber bundle to perform extrusion and smoothing work, while providing heating at a third set temperature so that the molten resin wets the monofilaments in the fiber bundle; as well as The controller is electrically connected to the fiber placement platform, the resin coating mechanism and the pressure application mechanism, and is used to coordinate and control the heating temperature and pressure parameters of each mechanism. The pressure application mechanism includes a pressure applying component, a pressure sensing component, a guide component, a third heating element, and a third temperature sensing element. The pressure applying component is movably mounted on the mounting plate along the pressure application direction via the guide component. One end of the pressure sensing component is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the movable end of the guide component, so as to transmit the force of the mounting plate to the pressure applying component and monitor the pressure value in real time. The bottom of the pressure applying component is used to contact the molten resin coated on the surface of the fiber bundle and apply a set pressure. A third mounting hole group is provided on one side of the pressure applying component. The third mounting hole group is used to install the third heating element and the third temperature sensing element. The third heating element is used to heat the pressure applying component, and the third temperature sensing element is used to monitor the temperature of the pressure applying component in real time and feed it back to the controller to realize closed-loop control of the third set temperature. The pressure application mechanism further includes a heat insulation plate, the guide includes a linear slide rail and a slider, the linear slide rail is fixed to the mounting plate, the slider is slidably disposed on the linear slide rail, the heat insulation plate is fixedly connected to the slider, the pressure application component is fixedly connected to the side of the heat insulation plate away from the slider, and the pressure detection component is a tension / compression sensor, the two ends of the tension / compression sensor are respectively connected to the mounting plate and the heat insulation plate through an upper fixing block and a lower fixing block; The pressure-applying component is a pressure-applying pin, which is fixedly connected to the heat insulation plate. The axial direction of the pressure-applying pin is parallel to the width direction of the fiber bundle. The mounting plate is an L-shaped connecting plate. The resin coating mechanism and the pressure application mechanism are both fixedly installed on the L-shaped connecting plate. The top of the L-shaped connecting plate is provided with multiple platform connection holes, which are used to be fixedly connected to the end of the moving parts of the high-precision multi-axis motion platform.

2. The single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber placement platform includes a copper strip base, multiple first heating elements, and multiple first temperature measuring elements. The top of the copper strip base is used to fix the fiber bundle. The copper strip base has multiple first mounting hole groups evenly opened in the length direction. The first heating elements and the first temperature measuring elements are installed in the first mounting hole groups respectively. The first heating elements are used to heat the copper strip base, and the first temperature measuring elements are used to monitor the temperature of the copper strip base in real time and feed it back to the controller to realize closed-loop control of the first set temperature.

3. The single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The copper strip base is made of brass.

4. The single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin coating mechanism includes a connecting block, a throat, a nozzle, a heating block, a second heating element, and a second temperature measuring element. One end of the throat is mounted on the mounting plate via the connecting block and its angle can be adjusted. It is also connected to a resin filament supply device at a distance. The other end of the throat is coaxially connected to and communicates with the nozzle. The heating block is sleeved and fixed at the connection between the throat and the nozzle. The heating block is provided with a second set of mounting holes for mounting the second heating element and the second temperature measuring element. The second heating element heats the heating block to melt the resin filament flowing through the throat. The second temperature measuring element monitors the temperature of the heating block in real time and feeds it back to the controller to achieve closed-loop control of the second set temperature. The outlet end of the nozzle faces the fiber placement platform and is set at a set distance to uniformly coat the molten resin onto the fiber bundle surface.

5. The single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The resin coating mechanism further includes multiple first fixing bolts, multiple nuts, an L-shaped fixing block, a heat dissipation pipe, and a cooling fan. The mounting plate is provided with multiple first elongated holes, all of which are parallel in the height direction. The connecting block is provided with multiple second elongated holes, with the first elongated holes and corresponding second elongated holes arranged obliquely. The first fixing bolts pass through the first elongated holes and the second elongated holes and cooperate with the nuts to fix the connecting block to the mounting plate and to adjust the rotation angle of the connecting block. The heat dissipation pipe is internally threaded with the throat tube. The heat dissipation pipe is fixedly connected to the connecting block through the L-shaped fixing block, and the throat tube is arranged parallel to the connecting block so that it can follow the angle adjustment of the connecting block. The cooling fan is mounted on the outer surface of the heat dissipation pipe.

6. The single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outlet end of the nozzle and the middle part of the pressure-applying component are located in the same vertical plane, and the lower end of the nozzle and the lower end of the pressure-applying component are located at the same horizontal height.

7. A method of using a single-filament bundle melt impregnation multi-process decoupling device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Preparation phase: Place the fiber bundle flat on top of the fiber placement platform and secure both sides of the fiber bundle with heat-resistant tape. The controller sets the first set temperature Tfiber of the fiber placement platform, the second set temperature T of the resin coating mechanism, the third set temperature T of the pressure application mechanism, and the set pressure F. Impregnation operation stage: The high-precision multi-axis motion platform controls the mounting plate to move the resin coating mechanism and the pressure application mechanism, so that the pressure application end of the pressure application mechanism descends to contact the fiber bundle placed on the fiber placement platform, and the pressure value is monitored in real time. When the pressure reaches the set pressure F, the pressure application position is maintained. The controller sets the initial resin supply speed S0 and simultaneously controls the high-precision multi-axis motion platform to drive the mounting plate to move along the fiber bundle length direction at a speed V. The pressure application mechanism applies a set pressure to the molten resin coated on the fiber bundle surface to squeeze and smooth it, so that the molten resin can wet the monofilaments in the fiber bundle. Observe the width of the resin after it has been compressed and flattened and stabilized. If the width of the resin is greater than or less than the width W of the fiber placement platform, then the resin supply speed S is reduced or increased by the controller. Results Acquisition Stage: When the resin width of the sample is approximately equal to the width W of the fiber placement platform, the experimental data Tfiber, T, F, and V of the strip sample are acquired. The sample is then subjected to cold embedding and polishing treatment. Subsequently, the impregnation section is analyzed by microscopic morphology observation method to extract the degree of fiber impregnation.

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