Tire building process embedding conductive strands

Abstract

This invention discloses a tire molding process for embedding conductive bundles in the field of tire manufacturing technology. The process uses methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber and methyl vinyl silicone rubber as the main base materials, combined with fumed silica, vinyl silicone resin, silicone oil, niobium cerium titanium silicon oxide clusters and vulcanization aids to prepare a tread compound; then, a conductive lap rubber is prepared and coated with polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber bundles, the coated conductive bundles are embedded in the tread rubber sheet, and then combined with cord fabric, bead wire, and conductive silicone rubber sheet to form a composite. After vulcanization and pressing in tungsten steel core and steel shell tire anti-skid studs, a tire with stable electrostatic conductivity and good low-temperature flexibility is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tire manufacturing technology, and specifically relates to a tire forming process with embedded conductive bundles. Background Technology

[0002] As specialty tires evolve towards low-temperature anti-skid properties, electrostatic safety, and adaptability to complex road conditions, tire tread materials not only need to possess good flexibility, wear resistance, and grip, but also require stable electrostatic discharge capabilities under environments such as ice and snow, low temperatures, and dry friction. Silicone rubber materials exhibit excellent low-temperature elasticity, weather resistance, heat aging resistance, and processing adaptability, making them suitable as a base material for special-purpose tire treads or partial functional layers. However, silicone rubber itself has strong insulation properties, and during high-speed vehicle operation, continuous friction between the tire tread and the ground, and repeated contact between the tire tread and ice / snow particles, static electricity is easily generated and accumulated. If this static electricity cannot be discharged in time, it may cause electric shock sensations for passengers, interference with onboard electronic components, dust and ice debris adsorption on the tire tread, and partial discharge problems, especially in studded tires, snow tires, and motorcycle tires, where these problems are more pronounced.

[0003] Existing methods for improving tire conductivity typically involve adding conductive carbon black, graphite, metal powder, or conductive fibers to the rubber compound. Other approaches utilize exposed conductive strips, conductive coatings, or locally conductive sheets to create discharge paths. However, a large amount of conductive filler significantly alters the rheological behavior and vulcanization properties of silicone rubber compounds, increasing tread hardness, decreasing low-temperature rebound, and potentially compromising the soft adhesion and ground stability required for icy and snowy roads. Exposed conductive structures are prone to failure under long-term wear, bending, impact, and low-temperature embrittlement conditions, making it difficult to maintain continuous conductivity commensurate with tire lifespan. For tires with studs, although studs possess some metallic conductivity, they are usually only embedded in a localized area of ​​the tread. If the bottom of the stud cannot form a continuous conductive path with the tire carcass or bead, the transfer of static electricity to the rim and the ground cannot be effectively achieved.

[0004] Furthermore, complex dispersion, interfacial bonding, and vulcanization matching issues exist among silica, silicone resin, silicone oil, peroxide vulcanizing agent, and conductive materials in silicone rubber tread systems. If the conductive bundle is directly embedded in the tread rubber sheet, insufficient interfacial bonding may lead to microcracks, slippage, delamination, or interruption of the conductive path during vulcanization or use. If the conductive overlap rubber is inconsistent with the vulcanization system of the tread compound, it will also affect the co-vulcanization bonding between the coated conductive bundle and the tread rubber. At the same time, traditional inorganic fillers mostly only play a reinforcing role and cannot simultaneously ensure the stability of the silicone rubber interface, tear resistance around the conductive bundle, tread heat and oxygen aging resistance, and low-temperature bending reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a tire forming process for embedding conductive bundles.

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a tire molding process for embedding a conductive bundle, comprising the following steps: S1. By weight, add 70-85 parts of methylphenyl vinyl silicone rubber and 15-30 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber to a mixer and plasticize at 45-60°C to obtain a silicone rubber matrix; add 28-42 parts of fumed silica, 8-18 parts of precipitated silica, 3.0-8.0 parts of niobium-cerium-titanium silica-oxygen clusters, 8.0-18.0 parts of vinyl MQ silicone resin, 5.0-12.0 parts of methylphenyl silicone oil, and 1.5-4.0 parts of methyl silicone rubber to the silicone rubber matrix. Rubber, 1.0-3.0 parts hexamethyldisilazane, 0.8-2.0 parts vinyltriethoxysilane, and 0.5-1.5 parts rutile titanium dioxide are mixed at 80-105℃ to obtain a primary rubber compound; 0.4-0.9 parts dicumyl peroxide, 0.6-1.4 parts 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane, and 0.3-1.0 parts triallyl isocyanurate are added to the primary rubber compound, and the mixture is re-mixed at 45-60℃ to obtain a tread compound; S2. Mix 100-120 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 12-22 parts of conductive acetylene black, 1.0-3.0 parts of polyacrylonitrile-based chopped carbon fiber, 15-25 parts of fumed silica, 2.0-5.0 parts of methyl silicone rubber, and 0.8-1.5 parts of 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane to obtain a conductive lap adhesive; coat 15-30 parts of the conductive lap adhesive onto the surface of 1.0-3.0 parts of the conductive bundle and pretreat at 60-80°C to obtain a coated conductive bundle; extrude 120-180 parts of the tread compound at 60-85°C to obtain a tread sheet; press the coated conductive bundle into the tread sheet to obtain an embedded conductive bundle tread sheet. S3. 8-15 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber sheet, 12-25 parts of polyester cord fabric, 2.0-6.0 parts of copper-plated bead wire, 1.0-3.0 parts of conductive silicone rubber sheet, 8-18 parts of aramid cord fabric, and 120-180 parts of tread rubber sheet with embedded conductive bundles are bonded to the tire forming drum; pressed together; and stud positioning holes are formed in the predetermined stud area of ​​the tread to obtain the tire blank. S4. Place the tire blank in the tire vulcanization mold and vulcanize; after demolding and cooling, press 0.8-2.5 parts of tungsten steel core and steel shell tire anti-skid studs into the stud positioning holes.

[0007] In this invention, during the tire molding process with embedded conductive bundles, methylphenyl vinyl silicone rubber and methyl vinyl silicone rubber are plasticized to form a continuous silicone rubber matrix. Fumed silica and precipitated silica are dispersed in the silicone rubber matrix under shearing action, and adsorption and reinforcement effects occur between them and the silicone rubber segments through surface active sites. Hexamethyldisilazane weakens the strong polarity of the silica surface, improving its dispersion state; vinyltriethoxysilane enhances the interfacial bonding between silica and silicone rubber. Niobium-cerium-titanium silica clusters are dispersed in the tread compound; their inorganic oxide structure and surface silica structure can form a stable interface with fumed silica, precipitated silica, methyl silicone rubber, and silicone rubber segments, improving the tread compound's resistance to crack propagation around the conductive bundles. Methylphenyl silicone oil and methyl silicone rubber improve the flowability and low-temperature flexibility of the compound, vinyl MQ silicone resin increases the cohesive strength of the silicone rubber matrix, and rutile titanium dioxide improves thermal stability. During vulcanization, dicumyl peroxide and 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane decompose to generate free radicals, initiating crosslinking of methylphenyl vinyl silicone rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber, and triallyl isocyanurate to form an elastic network. In the conductive lap rubber, methyl vinyl silicone rubber serves as the continuous phase, conductive acetylene black forms conductive contact points, polyacrylonitrile-based chopped carbon fibers form bridging conductive paths, fumed silica provides reinforcement, methyl silicone rubber improves coating flowability, and 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane enables the conductive lap rubber to co-crosslink with the tread compound during vulcanization. After the conductive lap rubber is coated on the surface of the polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber bundles, it forms coated conductive bundles, and the coating layer fills the gaps between the conductive bundles and the tread rubber sheets. After the conductive bundles are pressed into the tread rubber sheet, a continuous conductive skeleton is formed inside the tread. The methyl vinyl silicone rubber sheet, polyester cord fabric, copper-plated bead wire, conductive silicone rubber sheet, aramid cord fabric, and the tread rubber sheet with embedded conductive bundles are bonded together to form the tire blank. After the tire blank is vulcanized, the tread compound and conductive lap rubber crosslink and cure, stabilizing the conductive bundles. After the tungsten carbide core and steel shell tire anti-skid studs are pressed into the stud positioning holes, they form conductive contact with the conductive bundles inside the tread, allowing static electricity to be transferred outwards through the conductive bundles, conductive silicone rubber sheet, and copper-plated bead wire.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the plasticizing time at 45-60°C is 3-5 min, the mixing time at 80-105°C is 8-12 min, and the re-mixing time at 45-60°C is 4-6 min.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the conductive bundle is a polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber bundle.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the pressing pressure is 0.20-0.45 MPa.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the vulcanization temperature is 155-170°C.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation steps of the niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon-oxygen cluster include: A1. Under nitrogen protection, add 6.0-10.0 parts by weight of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 10.0-14.0 parts of citric acid monohydrate, and 80-120 parts of deionized water to a reactor and stir at 60-70℃ to obtain a cerium citric acid complex solution. Add 3.0-6.0 parts of niobium ammonium oxalate hydrate to the cerium citric acid complex solution and continue stirring to obtain a metal complex solution. Add 4.0-8.0 parts of ethylene glycol to the metal complex solution and continue stirring to obtain a transparent complex solution. Mix 5.0-9.0 parts of tetrabutyl titanate and 2.0-4.0 parts of acetylacetone and add 30-50 parts of anhydrous ethanol to obtain a titanium source solution. Add the titanium source solution to the transparent complex solution, add 0.5-1.5 parts of glacial acetic acid, adjust the pH to 2.5-3.5, and react at 65-75℃ to obtain a niobium-cerium titanium complex sol. A2. Cool 100-160 parts of niobium-cerium-titanium complex sol to 35-45℃, add a mixture of 6.0-12.0 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 20-35 parts of anhydrous ethanol; then add 8-15 parts of deionized water and stir at 35-45℃ to obtain a silicon-containing composite sol; heat the silicon-containing composite sol to 50-60℃ for aging to obtain a wet gel; wash the wet gel with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum dry at 80-90℃ to obtain a silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor; A3. Place 8.0-15.0 parts of silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor in a tube furnace and heat to 320-360℃ in air atmosphere; continue heating to 520-580℃ and cool to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate; anneal the niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate at 330-380℃ in nitrogen atmosphere; cool to room temperature under nitrogen protection to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide. A4. Add 6.0-12.0 parts of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide to the reactor, add 42-75 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 18-30 parts of deionized water, and stir at 35-45℃ under nitrogen protection; then add 30-50 parts of zirconium oxide grinding beads, grind, and obtain grinding slurry; filter the grinding slurry, vacuum dry at 70-80℃, and sieve.

[0013] In this invention, the preparation process of niobium-cerium titanium silicate clusters mainly involves complexation, co-condensation, gelation, heat treatment, and grinding dispersion. After adding cerium nitrate hexahydrate to deionized water, the cerium component undergoes complexation with the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in citric acid monohydrate, forming a cerium-citric acid complex solution. This stabilizes the cerium component in the aqueous phase, reducing the possibility of it directly forming insoluble compounds with oxalate. After adding niobium ammonium oxalate hydrate to the cerium-citric acid complex solution, the niobium component mainly enters the system in an oxalate-coordinated state and, within the complex environment formed by the citric acid monohydrate, together with the cerium component, constitutes a metal complex solution. The addition of ethylene glycol leads to esterification association with the citric acid monohydrate, gradually fixing the cerium and niobium components within the organic complex network. Tetrabutyl titanate is first mixed with acetylacetone and then diluted with anhydrous ethanol. Acetylacetone moderates the hydrolysis rate of tetrabutyl titanate, ensuring a relatively uniform hydrolysis state after the titanium source solution is added to the transparent complexing solution. Glacial acetic acid provides an acidic environment, allowing tetrabutyl titanate to gradually enter the niobium-cerium-titanium complex sol. Tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolyzes and condenses in the presence of anhydrous ethanol and deionized water to generate a silicon-containing composite sol. The silicon-oxygen network interpenetrates with the niobium, cerium, and titanium complex system, forming a wet gel after aging. The wet gel is washed with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol and then vacuum dried to form a silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor. Subsequently, it is heat-treated in an air atmosphere, gradually decomposing and removing the organic complex structure. The niobium, cerium, titanium, and silicon components are uniformly fixed in the gel network and transformed into a niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate. Finally, it is annealed in a nitrogen atmosphere to reduce the internal stress of the particles, yielding the niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide. After the niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide is dispersed in anhydrous ethanol and deionized water, the agglomerates are broken up by shearing and collision of zirconium oxide grinding beads. The grinding slurry is then filtered, vacuum dried and sieved to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon oxide clusters.

[0014] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step A1, the reaction time at 65-75°C is 2-4 hours.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step A2, the stirring time at 35-45°C is 4-6 hours, and the aging time at 50-60°C is 8-10 hours.

[0016] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step A3, the time for heating to 320-360°C is 1.5-2.5 hours, the time for heating to 520-580°C is 2-4 hours, and the time for annealing at 330-380°C is 1-2 hours.

[0017] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step A4, the stirring time at 35-45°C is 1-2 hours, and the grinding time is 2-4 hours.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention uses methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber and methyl vinyl silicone rubber as the main base materials for the tread, and combines them with fumed silica, precipitated silica, vinyl MQ silicone resin, methyl phenyl silicone oil, methyl silicone rubber and rutile titanium dioxide to give the tread compound good flexibility, reinforcing stability and processing fluidity. After the niobium-cerium titanium silica clusters are dispersed in the tread compound, they can improve the bonding state between fumed silica, precipitated silica and rubber matrix, enhance the supporting ability of the tread compound around the conductive bundle, and reduce the debonding, void and crack propagation in the conductive bundle embedding area during repeated bending, compression and stress.

[0019] (2) In this invention, conductive lap adhesive is prepared using conductive acetylene black and polyacrylonitrile-based short-cut carbon fibers, and the conductive lap adhesive is coated on the surface of the conductive bundle, so that a coating layer compatible with the tread compound is formed on the outside of the conductive bundle. This coating layer can fill the interfacial gap between the conductive bundle and the tread rubber sheet, and improve the fixation stability of the conductive bundle inside the tread. Dicumyl peroxide and 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane enable the tread compound and the conductive lap adhesive to co-crosslink during the vulcanization process, and triallyl isocyanurate further improves the stability of the crosslinking structure, thereby reducing the risk of the conductive path being interrupted due to interfacial peeling, rubber layer cracking or local loosening.

[0020] (3) In this invention, the conductive bundle is pressed into the tread sheet and bonded together with the methyl vinyl silicone rubber sheet, polyester cord fabric, copper-plated bead wire, conductive silicone rubber sheet, aramid cord fabric, and the tread sheet with embedded conductive bundle to form a continuous conductive structure inside the tire blank. After vulcanization, the conductive bundle is stably fixed inside the tread. After the tungsten carbide core steel shell tire anti-skid stud is pressed into the stud positioning hole, it can form a stable contact with the conductive bundle, so that the static electricity accumulated on the tread can be transferred outward through the conductive bundle, conductive silicone rubber sheet, and copper-plated bead wire. This structure reduces the problem of wear failure of the surface conductive structure and takes into account the fixation of the tungsten carbide core steel shell tire anti-skid stud, the flexibility of the tread, and the long-term static conductivity. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the following embodiments are provided. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Example

[0022] This embodiment provides a tire molding process for embedding a conductive bundle, including the following steps: S1. Add 77.5g of methylphenyl vinyl silicone rubber and 22.5g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber to a mixer. Set the initial temperature of the mixer to 45℃ and the rotor speed to 40r / min. Plasticize at 52.5℃ for 4min to obtain a silicone rubber matrix. Then, add 35.0g of fumed silica, 13.0g of precipitated silica, 5.5g of niobium-cerium-titanium silica clusters, 13.0g of vinyl MQ silicone resin, 8.5g of methylphenyl silicone oil, 2.75g of methyl silicone rubber, and 2... 0.0g hexamethyldisilazane, 1.4g vinyltriethoxysilane and 1.0g rutile titanium dioxide were mixed at 92.5℃ and 50r / min for 10min to obtain a primary compound. The primary compound was discharged and cooled to 45℃. 0.65g dicumyl peroxide, 1.0g 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane and 0.65g triallyl isocyanurate were added to the primary compound. The mixture was then re-kneaded at 52.5℃ and 35r / min for 5min to obtain the tread compound.

[0023] S2. Add 110.0g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber to a mixer and plasticize at 50℃ for 3min. Then add 17.0g of conductive acetylene black, 2.0g of polyacrylonitrile-based chopped carbon fiber, 20.0g of fumed silica, 3.5g of methyl silicone rubber, and 1.15g of 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane. Mix at 55℃ and 40r / min for 8min to obtain conductive lap adhesive; add 22.5g of... A conductive lap adhesive is uniformly coated onto the surface of a 2.0g conductive bundle. After coating, the bundle is pretreated at 70℃ for 5 minutes to obtain a coated conductive bundle, wherein the conductive bundle is a polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber bundle. 150.0g of tread compound is added to an extruder and extruded at 72.5℃ to obtain a tread sheet. The coated conductive bundle is pressed into the interior of the tread sheet along the length of the tread sheet so that the coated conductive bundle is completely covered by the tread compound to obtain a tread sheet with embedded conductive bundle.

[0024] S3. Attach 11.5g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber sheet to the tire forming drum, then sequentially attach 18.5g of polyester cord fabric, 4.0g of copper-plated bead wire, 2.0g of conductive silicone rubber sheet, 13.0g of aramid cord fabric, and 150.0g of tread sheet with embedded conductive bundle, so that the tread sheet with embedded conductive bundle covers the outside of the aramid cord fabric and overlaps with the conductive silicone rubber sheet; after bonding, press under 0.325MPa for 3 minutes; then form a stud positioning hole in the predetermined stud area of ​​the tread, the stud positioning hole penetrating the outer surface layer of the tread and extending to the position close to the position of the embedded conductive bundle, to obtain the tire blank.

[0025] S4. Place the tire blank in the tire vulcanization mold and vulcanize at 162.5℃ for 18 minutes. After vulcanization, demold the tire and cool it to 25℃. After cooling, press 1.65g of tungsten steel core and steel shell tire anti-skid nail into the nail positioning hole so that the bottom of the tungsten steel core and steel shell tire anti-skid nail is close to the covering conductive bundle, thus obtaining a tire with embedded conductive bundle.

[0026] Preparation steps of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon-oxygen clusters: A1. Under nitrogen protection, 8.0 g of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 12.0 g of citric acid monohydrate, and 100.0 g of deionized water were added to a glass reactor. The nitrogen flow rate was controlled at 100 mL / min. The mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 30 min at 65 °C to completely dissolve the cerium nitrate hexahydrate and citric acid monohydrate, obtaining a cerium-citric acid complex solution. 4.5 g of niobium ammonium oxalate hydrate was added to the cerium-citric acid complex solution, and the mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 40 min at 65 °C to uniformly disperse the niobium ammonium oxalate hydrate and incorporate it into the complexation system, yielding a metal. Complexing solution: Add 6.0 g of ethylene glycol to the metal complexing solution and stir at 300 r / min for 30 min at 65 °C to obtain a transparent complexing solution; Separately, add 7.0 g of tetrabutyl titanate and 3.0 g of acetylacetone to a beaker and stir at 25 °C for 15 min, then add 40.0 g of anhydrous ethanol and stir at 25 °C for 10 min to obtain a titanium source solution; Add the titanium source solution to the transparent complexing solution within 20 min, add 1.0 g of glacial acetic acid, adjust the pH to 3.0, and react at 350 r / min for 3 h at 70 °C to obtain a niobium-cerium titanium complex sol.

[0027] A2. 130.0 g of niobium-cerium-titanium complex sol was cooled to 40 °C, and a mixture of 9.0 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 27.5 g of anhydrous ethanol premixed for 10 min was added. Then 11.5 g of deionized water was added, and the mixture was stirred at 300 r / min for 5 h at 40 °C to obtain a silicon-containing composite sol. The silicon-containing composite sol was heated to 55 °C and aged in a sealed state for 9 h to obtain a wet gel. The wet gel was washed twice with 100.0 g of deionized water and then twice with 100.0 g of anhydrous ethanol, each time for 5 min. After washing, the wet gel was filtered and collected. The washed wet gel was placed in a vacuum drying oven and vacuum dried at 85 °C and a vacuum degree of -0.09 MPa for 12 h to obtain a silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor.

[0028] A3. Place 11.5g of silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor in an alumina crucible, then place the alumina crucible in the constant temperature zone of a tube furnace. Under an air atmosphere, heat to 340℃ for 2.0h; continue heating to 550℃ for 3h, then cool to 25℃ with the furnace to obtain a niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate; introduce nitrogen into the tube furnace at a flow rate of 100mL / min, and anneal the niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate at 355℃ for 1.5h under a nitrogen atmosphere; after annealing, cool to 25℃ under nitrogen protection to obtain the niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide.

[0029] A4. Add 9.0g of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide to a reactor, along with 58.5g of anhydrous ethanol and 24.0g of deionized water. Under nitrogen protection, stir at 300r / min for 1.5h at 40℃ to obtain a dispersion. Then add 40.0g of zirconia grinding beads and grind at 600r / min for 3h at 40℃ to obtain a grinding slurry. Filter the grinding slurry through a 75μm sieve to separate the zirconia grinding beads. Collect the filtrate and vacuum dry it at 75℃ and a vacuum degree of -0.09MPa for 10h. Grind the dried product and pass it through a 75μm sieve to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon oxide clusters. Example

[0030] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment provides a tire molding process with an embedded conductive bundle, including the following steps: S1. Add 70.0g of methylphenyl vinyl silicone rubber and 15.0g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber to a mixer and plasticize at 45°C for 3 minutes to obtain a silicone rubber matrix. Add 28.0g of fumed silica, 8.0g of precipitated silica, 3.0g of niobium-cerium-titanium silica cluster, 8.0g of vinyl MQ silicone resin, 5.0g of methylphenyl silicone oil, 1.5g of methyl silicone rubber, 1.0g of hexamethyldisilazane, 0.8g of vinyltriethoxysilane, and 0.5g of rutile titanium dioxide to the silicone rubber matrix and mix at 80°C for 8 minutes to obtain a primary mixture. Add 0.4g of dicumyl peroxide, 0.6g of 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane, and 0.3g of triallyl isocyanurate to the primary mixture and remix at 45°C for 4 minutes to obtain a tread compound.

[0031] S2. 100.0g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 12.0g of conductive acetylene black, 1.0g of polyacrylonitrile-based chopped carbon fiber, 15.0g of fumed silica, 2.0g of methyl silicone rubber, and 0.8g of 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane are mixed to obtain a conductive lap adhesive; 15.0g of the conductive lap adhesive is coated on the surface of 1.0g of conductive bundle and pretreated at 60°C to obtain a coated conductive bundle; 120.0g of the tread compound is extruded at 60°C to obtain a tread sheet; the coated conductive bundle is pressed into the tread sheet to obtain an embedded conductive bundle tread sheet; wherein the conductive bundle is a polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber bundle.

[0032] S3. 8.0g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber sheet, 12.0g of polyester cord fabric, 2.0g of copper-plated bead wire, 1.0g of conductive silicone rubber sheet, 8.0g of aramid cord fabric and 120.0g of tread sheet with embedded conductive bundle are bonded to the tire forming drum; pressed together at 0.20MPa; and stud positioning holes are formed in the predetermined stud area of ​​the tread to obtain the tire blank.

[0033] S4. Place the tire blank in the tire vulcanization mold and vulcanize at 155°C; after demolding and cooling, press 0.8g of tungsten steel core and steel shell tire anti-skid studs into the stud positioning holes to obtain a tire with embedded conductive bundle.

[0034] Preparation steps of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon-oxygen clusters: A1. Under nitrogen protection, 6.0 g of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 10.0 g of citric acid monohydrate, and 80.0 g of deionized water were added to a reactor and stirred at 60 °C until the cerium nitrate hexahydrate and citric acid monohydrate were completely dissolved to obtain a cerium-citric acid complex solution. 3.0 g of niobium ammonium oxalate hydrate was added to the cerium-citric acid complex solution, and stirring was continued until the system was homogeneous to obtain a metal complex solution. 4.0 g of ethylene glycol was added to the metal complex solution, and stirring was continued until a transparent complex solution was formed. 5.0 g of tetrabutyl titanate and 2.0 g of acetylacetone were mixed evenly, and 30.0 g of anhydrous ethanol was added to obtain a titanium source solution. The titanium source solution was added to the transparent complex solution, and 0.5 g of glacial acetic acid was added to adjust the pH to 2.5. The mixture was reacted at 65 °C for 2 h to obtain a niobium-cerium titanium complex sol.

[0035] A2. Cool 100.0g of niobium-cerium-titanium complex sol to 35℃, add a mixture of 6.0g of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 20.0g of anhydrous ethanol; then add 8.0g of deionized water and stir at 35℃ for 4h to obtain a silicon-containing composite sol; heat the silicon-containing composite sol to 50℃ and age for 8h to obtain a wet gel; wash the wet gel with 80.0g of deionized water and 80.0g of anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum dry at 80℃ to obtain a silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor.

[0036] A3. Place 8.0g of silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor in a tube furnace and heat it to 320℃ for 1.5h in air atmosphere; continue heating to 520℃ for 2h, then cool to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate; anneal the niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate at 330℃ for 1h in nitrogen atmosphere; cool to room temperature under nitrogen protection to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide.

[0037] A4. Add 6.0g of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide to the reactor, add 42.0g of anhydrous ethanol and 18.0g of deionized water, and stir at 35°C for 1h under nitrogen protection; then add 30.0g of zirconium oxide grinding beads and grind for 2h to obtain a grinding slurry; filter the grinding slurry, vacuum dry at 70°C, and sieve to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon oxide clusters. Example

[0038] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment provides a tire molding process with an embedded conductive bundle, including the following steps: S1. Add 85.0g of methyl phenyl vinyl silicone rubber and 30.0g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber to a mixer and plasticize at 60℃ for 5min to obtain a silicone rubber matrix. Add 42.0g of fumed silica, 18.0g of precipitated silica, 8.0g of niobium cerium titanium silica cluster, 18.0g of vinyl MQ silicone resin, 12.0g of methyl phenyl silicone oil, 4.0g of methyl silicone rubber, 3.0g of hexamethyldisilazane, 2.0g of vinyltriethoxysilane and 1.5g of rutile titanium dioxide to the silicone rubber matrix and mix at 105℃ for 12min to obtain a primary mixture. Add 0.9g of dicumyl peroxide, 1.4g of 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane and 1.0g of triallyl isocyanurate to the primary mixture and remix at 60℃ for 6min to obtain a tread compound.

[0039] S2. 120.0g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 22.0g of conductive acetylene black, 3.0g of polyacrylonitrile-based chopped carbon fiber, 25.0g of fumed silica, 5.0g of methyl silicone rubber, and 1.5g of 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane are mixed to obtain a conductive lap adhesive; 30.0g of the conductive lap adhesive is coated on the surface of 3.0g of conductive bundle and pretreated at 80℃ to obtain a coated conductive bundle; 180.0g of tread compound is extruded at 85℃ to obtain a tread sheet; the coated conductive bundle is pressed into the tread sheet to obtain an embedded conductive bundle tread sheet; wherein, the conductive bundle is a polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber bundle.

[0040] S3. 15.0g of methyl vinyl silicone rubber sheet, 25.0g of polyester cord fabric, 6.0g of copper-plated bead wire, 3.0g of conductive silicone rubber sheet, 18.0g of aramid cord fabric and 180.0g of tread rubber sheet with embedded conductive bundle are bonded to the tire forming drum; pressed at 0.45MPa; and stud positioning holes are formed in the predetermined stud area of ​​the tread to obtain the tire blank.

[0041] S4. Place the tire blank in the tire vulcanization mold and vulcanize at 170°C; after demolding and cooling, press 2.5g of tungsten steel core and steel shell tire anti-skid studs into the stud positioning holes to obtain a tire with embedded conductive bundle.

[0042] Preparation steps of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon-oxygen clusters: A1. Under nitrogen protection, 10.0 g of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 14.0 g of citric acid monohydrate, and 120.0 g of deionized water were added to a reactor and stirred at 70 °C until the cerium nitrate hexahydrate and citric acid monohydrate were completely dissolved to obtain a cerium-citric acid complex solution. 6.0 g of niobium ammonium oxalate hydrate was added to the cerium-citric acid complex solution, and stirring was continued until the system was homogeneous to obtain a metal complex solution. 8.0 g of ethylene glycol was added to the metal complex solution, and stirring was continued until a transparent complex solution was formed. 9.0 g of tetrabutyl titanate and 4.0 g of acetylacetone were mixed evenly, and 50.0 g of anhydrous ethanol was added to obtain a titanium source solution. The titanium source solution was added to the transparent complex solution, and 1.5 g of glacial acetic acid was added to adjust the pH to 3.5. The mixture was reacted at 75 °C for 4 h to obtain a niobium-cerium-titanium complex sol.

[0043] A2. Cool 160.0g of niobium-cerium-titanium complex sol to 45℃, add a mixture of 12.0g of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 35.0g of anhydrous ethanol; then add 15.0g of deionized water, stir at 45℃ for 6h to obtain a silicon-containing composite sol; heat the silicon-containing composite sol to 60℃ and age for 10h to obtain a wet gel; wash the wet gel with 120.0g of deionized water and 120.0g of anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum dry at 90℃ to obtain a silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor.

[0044] A3. Place 15.0g of silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor in a tube furnace and heat it to 360℃ for 2.5h in air atmosphere; continue heating to 580℃ for 4h, then cool to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate; anneal the niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate at 380℃ for 2h in nitrogen atmosphere; cool to room temperature under nitrogen protection to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide.

[0045] A4. Add 12.0g of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide to the reactor, add 75.0g of anhydrous ethanol and 30.0g of deionized water, and stir at 45°C for 2h under nitrogen protection; then add 50.0g of zirconium oxide grinding beads and grind for 4h to obtain a grinding slurry; filter the grinding slurry, vacuum dry at 80°C, and sieve to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon oxide clusters.

[0046] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that 5.5g of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon-oxygen clusters are not added in S1, and the amount of fumed silica is adjusted from 35.0g to 40.5g. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that 17.0g of conductive acetylene black and 2.0g of polyacrylonitrile-based short-cut carbon fibers are not added in S2, and the amount of fumed silica is adjusted from 20.0g to 39.0g. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that a 2.0g conductive beam is not used in S2, but the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0049] In accordance with national and industry standard testing specifications, a series of standardized tests were conducted on the tires prepared by the tire molding process with embedded conductive bundles described in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0050] Tires prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were used as test samples. All samples were placed in an environment of 23°C and 50%RH for 24 hours before being tested.

[0051] During volume resistivity testing, a 2.0 mm thick, flat vulcanized rubber sample without anti-skid studs was cut from the center of the tire tread. After cleaning the upper and lower surfaces of the sample, copper electrodes were attached to it, with an effective contact area of ​​100 mm². 2 Apply a 100V DC voltage and maintain it for 60s. Read the stable resistance value and calculate the volume resistivity according to the thickness of the test piece and the electrode area. The unit is Ω·cm.

[0052] During the tread-to-bead continuity resistance test, the tire is fixed on an insulating bracket. One copper electrode is pressed onto the outer surface of the tread near the positioning area of ​​the tread stud, and another copper electrode is pressed onto the exposed conductive end of the copper-plated bead wire. The electrode contact pressure is kept consistent. A 10V DC voltage is applied and maintained for 30s. The stable resistance value is then read, and the unit is Ω.

[0053] During the electrostatic discharge time test, the tire is mounted on a metal rim and the metal rim is reliably grounded. An initial electrostatic potential is applied to the center area of ​​the tire tread in an environment of 23°C and 50%RH. After charging is stopped, the time required for the tire tread potential to decay to 10% of the initial potential is recorded in seconds.

[0054] During the retention force test of tungsten carbide core and steel shell tire anti-skid studs, the tread area where the tungsten carbide core and steel shell tire anti-skid studs are pressed into the tensile test fixture, and the pull-out direction is aligned with the axial direction of the tungsten carbide core and steel shell tire anti-skid studs. The studs are pulled out at a speed of 50 mm / min, and the maximum force when the tungsten carbide core and steel shell tire anti-skid studs are removed is recorded, with the unit being N.

[0055] During the low-temperature flexural continuity retention test, the tread-to-bead continuity resistance before low-temperature flexural resistance is first measured according to the tread-to-bead continuity resistance test method. Then, the tire sample is placed in a -20℃ environment for 24 hours and subjected to 10,000 cycles of flexural bending at -20℃. After flexing, the temperature is restored to 23℃ and the tread-to-bead continuity resistance is measured again. The low-temperature flexural continuity retention rate is calculated as 100% of the flexural continuity resistance before flexural resistance ÷ flexural continuity resistance after flexural resistance.

[0056] During the tear strength test, a right-angled specimen with a thickness of 2.0 mm was cut from the corresponding area of ​​the tread compound. The specimen was placed in an environment of 23℃ and 50%RH for 2 hours and then installed in a tensile fixture. It was stretched at a speed of 500 mm / min. The maximum force during the tearing process was recorded, and the tear strength was calculated according to the specimen thickness. The unit is kN / m. For each item, three parallel specimens were tested for each sample, and the average value of the results was taken.

[0057] The performance test data above are shown in Table 1.

[0058] Table 1 Performance Test Results Volume resistivity / Ω·cm <![CDATA[3.8×10 7 ]]> <![CDATA[6.2×10 7 ]]> <![CDATA[1.9×10 7 ]]> <![CDATA[8.5×10 7 ]]> <![CDATA[4.6×10 10 ]]> <![CDATA[8.3×10 11 ]]> Tread to bead conduction resistance / Ω <![CDATA[4.6×10 6 ]]> <![CDATA[6.7×10 6 ]]> <![CDATA[2.8×10 6 ]]> <![CDATA[8.9×10 6 ]]> <![CDATA[7.8×10 9 ]]> <![CDATA[1.6×10 11 ]]> Static discharge time / s 0.032 0.041 0.024 0.045 1.86 3.95 Tungsten steel core and steel shell tire anti-skid stud retention force / N 615 548 642 472 586 604 Low-temperature flexural continuity retention rate / % 92.6 88.4 94.1 71.5 38.7 21.3 Tear strength / kN / m 36.8 35.6 38.2 25.9 32.5 33.4 As can be seen from the above, Examples 1-3, compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, mainly solved the problems of discontinuous electrostatic conduction path in silicone rubber-based tire tread, insufficient stability of conductive structure after low-temperature flexing, easy formation of interface defects in the area where conductive bundles are buried, and insufficient support of rubber material around anti-skid studs.

[0059] The volume resistivity of Examples 1-3 is 3.8 × 10⁻⁶. 7 Ω·cm, 6.2×10 7 Ω·cm and 1.9×10 7 The values ​​of Ω·cm were all at relatively low levels; while those of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 increased to 4.6 × 10⁻⁶. 10 Ω·cm and 8.3×10 11 Ω·cm indicates that it is difficult to form an effective conductive network inside the tread by relying solely on non-conductive lap adhesive or without conductive bundles.

[0060] The tread-to-bead conduction resistance in Examples 1-3 were 4.6 × 10⁻⁶. 6 Ω, 6.7×10 6 Ω and 2.8×10 6 Ω, significantly lower than 7.8 × 10 in Comparative Example 2. 9 Ω and 1.6 × 10⁻⁶ of Comparative Example 3 11 Ω indicates that the synergistic effect of conductive acetylene black, polyacrylonitrile-based short-cut carbon fibers, conductive bundles, and conductive silicone rubber sheets can form a continuous conductive path between the tread, conductive bundles, and bead.

[0061] The electrostatic discharge times of Examples 1-3 were 0.032s, 0.041s, and 0.024s, respectively, while those of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 were extended to 1.86s and 3.95s, respectively. This shows that the present invention can significantly shorten the discharge time after static electricity accumulation and solve the defects of existing silicone rubber tires, which have strong insulation properties but are difficult to discharge static electricity in a timely manner.

[0062] Compared with Comparative Example 1, Examples 1-3, while exhibiting similar or better electrical conductivity, also demonstrated better mechanical support: the holding forces of the tungsten carbide core steel shell tire studs in Examples 1-3 were 615N, 548N, and 642N, respectively, all higher than the 472N of Comparative Example 1; the tear strengths were 36.8kN / m, 35.6kN / m, and 38.2kN / m, respectively, also significantly higher than the 25.9kN / m of Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the niobium-cerium-titanium silicate clusters do not primarily provide conductivity, but rather improve the interfacial bonding between the inorganic fillers and the silicone rubber system in the tread compound, thereby enhancing the tear resistance, loosening resistance, and crack propagation resistance of the conductive bundle and the rubber compound surrounding the tungsten carbide core steel shell tire studs.

[0063] Regarding the conductivity retention rate after low-temperature bending, Examples 1-3 were 92.6%, 88.4%, and 94.1%, respectively, which were significantly higher than Comparative Example 1 (71.5%), Comparative Example 2 (38.7%), and Comparative Example 3 (21.3%). This indicates that the conductive structure of the present invention is not a short-term contact conductor, but can still maintain stable conductivity after repeated bending at low temperatures.

[0064] In summary, Comparative Example 1 demonstrates that the lack of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon-oxygen clusters results in insufficient reinforcement and interfacial stability of the tread compound, leading to a decrease in stud retention force, tear strength, and post-flexural conductivity retention. Comparative Example 2 demonstrates that the lack of conductive acetylene black and polyacrylonitrile-based chopped carbon fibers prevents the conductive lap adhesive from effectively bridging the conductive bundles and tread sheets, causing a significant increase in resistance and a markedly prolonged discharge time. Comparative Example 3 demonstrates that even with conductive lap adhesive, the absence of conductive bundles makes it difficult to form a continuous conductive skeleton that runs through the tread.

[0065] Therefore, through the combined action of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon-oxygen clusters, conductive lap adhesive, and conductive bundles, Examples 1-3 achieve low resistance, rapid electrostatic discharge, and long-term conductivity stability after low-temperature flexing while maintaining the flexibility of the tread and the fixation performance of the anti-skid studs. This solves the technical problems of easy failure of existing embedded conductive structures, easy wear of surface conductive structures, difficulty in releasing static electricity in silicone rubber treads, and insufficient mechanical stability of stud areas.

Claims

1. A tire building process for embedding an electrically conductive beam, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. By weight, add 70-85 parts of methylphenyl vinyl silicone rubber and 15-30 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber to a mixer and plasticize at 45-60°C to obtain a silicone rubber matrix; add 28-42 parts of fumed silica, 8-18 parts of precipitated silica, 3.0-8.0 parts of niobium-cerium-titanium silica-oxygen clusters, 8.0-18.0 parts of vinyl MQ silicone resin, 5.0-12.0 parts of methylphenyl silicone oil, and 1.5-4.0 parts of methyl silicone rubber to the silicone rubber matrix. Rubber, 1.0-3.0 parts hexamethyldisilazane, 0.8-2.0 parts vinyltriethoxysilane, and 0.5-1.5 parts rutile titanium dioxide are mixed at 80-105℃ to obtain a primary rubber compound; 0.4-0.9 parts dicumyl peroxide, 0.6-1.4 parts 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane, and 0.3-1.0 parts triallyl isocyanurate are added to the primary rubber compound, and the mixture is re-mixed at 45-60℃ to obtain a tread compound; S2. Mix 100-120 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 12-22 parts of conductive acetylene black, 1.0-3.0 parts of polyacrylonitrile-based chopped carbon fiber, 15-25 parts of fumed silica, 2.0-5.0 parts of methyl silicone rubber and 0.8-1.5 parts of 2,5-di-tert-butylperoxide-2,5-dimethylhexane to obtain a conductive lap adhesive; coat 15-30 parts of the conductive lap adhesive onto the surface of 1.0-3.0 parts of the conductive bundle, and pretreat at 60-80℃ to obtain a coated conductive bundle; 120-180 parts of tread compound are extruded at 60-85℃ to obtain tread sheet; conductive bundles are pressed into the tread sheet to obtain tread sheet with embedded conductive bundles. S3. 8-15 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber sheet, 12-25 parts of polyester cord fabric, 2.0-6.0 parts of copper-plated bead wire, 1.0-3.0 parts of conductive silicone rubber sheet, 8-18 parts of aramid cord fabric, and 120-180 parts of tread rubber sheet with embedded conductive bundles are bonded to the tire forming drum; pressed together; and stud positioning holes are formed in the predetermined stud area of ​​the tread to obtain the tire blank. S4. Place the tire blank in the tire vulcanization mold and vulcanize; After demolding and cooling, press 0.8-2.5 parts of tungsten carbide core and steel shell tire anti-skid studs into the stud positioning holes.

2. The process for the formation of tyres embedding conductive strands according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the plasticizing time at 45-60℃ is 3-5 minutes, the mixing time at 80-105℃ is 8-12 minutes, and the re-mixing time at 45-60℃ is 4-6 minutes.

3. The process for the formation of tyres embedding conductive strands according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the conductive bundle is a polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber bundle.

4. The process for the formation of tyres embedding conductive strands according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the pressing pressure is 0.20-0.45 MPa.

5. The process for the formation of tyres embedding conductive strands according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the vulcanization temperature is 155-170℃.

6. Tyre building process for embedding an electrically conductive beam according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The preparation steps of the niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon-oxygen cluster include: A1. Under nitrogen protection, add 6.0-10.0 parts by weight of cerium nitrate hexahydrate, 10.0-14.0 parts of citric acid monohydrate, and 80-120 parts of deionized water to a reactor and stir at 60-70℃ to obtain a cerium citric acid complex solution. Add 3.0-6.0 parts of niobium ammonium oxalate hydrate to the cerium citric acid complex solution and continue stirring to obtain a metal complex solution. Add 4.0-8.0 parts of ethylene glycol to the metal complex solution and continue stirring to obtain a transparent complex solution. Mix 5.0-9.0 parts of tetrabutyl titanate and 2.0-4.0 parts of acetylacetone and add 30-50 parts of anhydrous ethanol to obtain a titanium source solution. Add the titanium source solution to the transparent complex solution, add 0.5-1.5 parts of glacial acetic acid, adjust the pH to 2.5-3.5, and react at 65-75℃ to obtain a niobium-cerium titanium complex sol. A2. Cool 100-160 parts of niobium-cerium-titanium complex sol to 35-45℃, add a mixture of 6.0-12.0 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 20-35 parts of anhydrous ethanol; then add 8-15 parts of deionized water and stir at 35-45℃ to obtain a silicon-containing composite sol; heat the silicon-containing composite sol to 50-60℃ for aging to obtain a wet gel; wash the wet gel with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and vacuum dry at 80-90℃ to obtain a silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor; A3. Place 8.0-15.0 parts of silicon-containing niobium-cerium-titanium precursor in a tube furnace and heat to 320-360℃ in air atmosphere; continue heating to 520-580℃ and cool to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate; anneal the niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide intermediate at 330-380℃ in nitrogen atmosphere; cool to room temperature under nitrogen protection to obtain niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide. A4. Add 6.0-12.0 parts of niobium-cerium-titanium-silicon composite oxide to the reactor, add 42-75 parts of anhydrous ethanol and 18-30 parts of deionized water, and stir at 35-45℃ under nitrogen protection; then add 30-50 parts of zirconium oxide grinding beads, grind, and obtain grinding slurry; filter the grinding slurry, vacuum dry at 70-80℃, and sieve.

7. The tire forming process with embedded conductive bundle according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step A1, the reaction time is 2-4 hours at 65-75℃.

8. The tire forming process with embedded conductive bundles according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step A2, the stirring time at 35-45℃ is 4-6 hours, and the aging time at 50-60℃ is 8-10 hours.

9. The tire forming process with embedded conductive bundle according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step A3, the heating time to 320-360℃ is 1.5-2.5h, the heating time to 520-580℃ is 2-4h, and the annealing time at 330-380℃ is 1-2h.

10. The tire forming process with embedded conductive bundles according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step A4, the stirring time at 35-45℃ is 1-2 hours, and the grinding time is 2-4 hours.